@nataliapc/mcp-openmsx 1.1.5 → 1.1.8

package/resources/bios/MSX_BIOS_calls.md

@@ -0,0 +1,1046 @@
+# MSX BIOS calls
+
+This is an overview of all official MSX BIOS calls.
+
+* [MSX 1 BIOS](#msx-1-bios-entries) (up to function call #159)
+  * [RST-and other routines](#rst-and-other-routines)
+  * [Initialization-routines](#initialization-routines)
+  * [VDP routines](#vdp-routines)
+  * [PSG routines](#psg-routines)
+  * [Console routines](#console-routines)
+  * [Controller routines](#controller-routines)
+  * [Tape device routines](#tape-device-routines)
+  * [Queue routines](#queue-routines)
+  * [Graphic routines](#graphic-routines)
+  * [Misc routines](#misc-routines)
+* [MSX 2 BIOS](#msx-2-bios-entries) (up to function call #177)
+* [MSX 2+ BIOS](#msx-2-bios-entries-1) (up to function call #17D)
+* [MSX turbo R BIOS](#msx-turbo-r-bios-entries) (up to function call #189)
+
+## MSX 1 BIOS Entries
+
+### RST-and other routines
+
+#### CHKRAM (also called STARTUP, RESET or BOOT)
+```
+Address  : #0000
+Function : Tests RAM and sets RAM slot for the system
+Registers: All
+Remark   : After this, a jump must be made to INIT, for further initialisation.
+```
+#### SYNCHR
+```
+Address  : #0008
+Function : Tests whether the character of (HL) is the specified character
+           if not, it generates SYNTAX ERROR, otherwise it goes to [CHRGTR](#CHRGTR) (#0010)
+Input    : Set the character to be tested in (HL) and the character to be
+           compared next to RST instruction which calls this routine (inline parameter)
+Output   : HL is increased by one and A receives (HL), When the tested character is
+           numerical, the carry flag is set the end of the statement (00h or 3Ah) causes
+           the zero flag to be set
+Registers: AF, HL
+```
+#### RDSLT
+```
+Address  : #000C
+Function : Reads the value of an address in another slot
+Input    : A  - ExxxSSPP  Slot-ID
+           │        ││└┴─ Primary slot number (00-11)
+           │        └┴─── Secondary slot number (00-11)
+           └───────────── Expanded slot (0 = no, 1 = yes)
+           HL - Address to read
+Output   : A  - Contains the value of the read address
+Registers: AF, C, DE
+Remark   : This routine turns off the interupt, but won't turn it on again
+```
+#### CHRGTR
+```
+Address  : #0010
+Function : Gets the next character (or token) of the Basic text
+Input    : HL - Address last character
+Output   : HL - Points to the next character
+           A  - Contains the character
+           Carry flag set if it's a number
+           Zero flag set if it's the end of the statement
+Registers: AF, HL
+```
+#### WRSLT
+```
+Address  : #0014
+Function : Writes a value to an address in another slot.
+Input    : A  - Slot ID, see [RDSLT](#RDSLT)
+           HL - Address
+           E  - Value
+Registers: AF, BC, D
+Remark   : See [RDSLT](#RDSLT)
+```
+#### OUTDO
+```
+Address  : #0018
+Function : Output to current output channel (printer, file, etc.)
+Input    : A  - PRTFIL, PRTFLG
+Remark   : Used in basic, in ML it's pretty difficult
+```
+#### CALSLT
+```
+Address  : #001C
+Function : Executes inter-slot call.
+Input    : IY - High byte with slot ID, see [RDSLT](#RDSLT)
+           IX - The address that will be called
+Remark   : Variables can never be given in alternative registers or IX and IY
+```
+#### DCOMPR
+```
+Address  : #0020
+Function : Compares HL with DE
+Input    : HL, DE
+Output   : Zero flag set if HL and DE are equal. Carry flag set if HL is less than DE.
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### ENASLT
+```
+Address  : #0024
+Function : Switches indicated slot at indicated page on perpetually
+Input    : A - Slot ID, see [RDSLT](#RDSLT)
+           H - Bit 6 and 7 must contain the page number (00-11)
+```
+#### GETYPR
+```
+Address  : #0028
+Function : Returns Type of DAC
+Input    : DAC
+Output   : S,Z,P/V, CY
+Registers: AF
+Remark   : Not a very clear routine to me, please mail us if you know more about it.
+```
+#### CALLF
+```
+Address  : #0030
+Function : Executes an interslot call
+Output   : Depends on the calling routine
+Registers: AF, and the other registers depending on the calling routine
+Remark   : The following is the calling sequence:
+           RST #30
+           DB destination slot ID, see [RDSLT](#RDSLT)
+           DW destination address
+```
+#### KEYINT
+```
+Address  : #0038
+Function : Executes the timer interrupt process routine
+```
+
+### Initialization-routines
+
+
+#### INITIO
+```
+Address  : #003B
+Function : Initialises the device
+Registers: All
+```
+#### INIFNK
+```
+Address  : #003E
+Function : Initialises the contents of the function keys
+Registers: All
+```
+
+### VDP routines
+
+#### DISSCR
+```
+Address  : #0041
+Function : Inhibits the screen display
+Registers: AF, BC
+```
+#### ENASCR
+```
+Address  : #0044
+Function : Displays the screen
+Registers: AF, BC
+```
+#### WRTVDP
+```
+Address  : #0047
+Function : Write data in the VDP-register
+Input    : B  - Data to write
+           C  - Number of the register
+Registers: AF, BC
+```
+#### RDVRM
+```
+Address  : #004A
+Function : Reads the content of VRAM
+Input    : HL - Address read
+Output   : A  - Value which was read
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### WRTVRM
+```
+Address  : #004D
+Function : Writes data in VRAM
+Input    : HL - Address write
+           A  - Value write
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### SETRD
+```
+Address  : #0050
+Function : Enable VDP to read
+Input    : HL - For VRAM-address
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### SETWRT
+```
+Address  : #0053
+Function : Enable VDP to write
+Input    : HL - Address
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### FILVRM
+```
+Address  : #0056
+Function : Fill VRAM with value
+Input    : A  - Data byte
+           BC - Length of the area to be written
+           HL - Start address
+Registers: AF, BC
+```
+#### LDIRMV
+```
+Address  : #0059
+Function : Block transfer to memory from VRAM
+Input    : BC - Block length
+           DE - Start address of memory
+           HL - Start address of VRAM
+Registers: All
+```
+#### LDIRVM
+```
+Address  : #005C
+Function : Block transfer to VRAM from memory
+Input    : BC - Block length
+           DE - Start address of VRAM
+           HL - Start address of memory
+Registers: All
+```
+#### CHGMOD
+```
+Address  : #005F
+Function : Switches to given screen mode
+Input    : A  - Screen mode
+Registers: All
+```
+#### CHGCLR
+```
+Address  : #0062
+Function : Changes the screen colors
+Input    : Foreground color in FORCLR
+           Background color in BAKCLR
+           Border color in BDRCLR
+Registers: All
+```
+#### NMI
+```
+Address  : #0066
+Function : Executes non-maskable interupt handling routine
+```
+#### CLRSPR
+```
+Address  : #0069
+Function : Initialises all sprites
+Input    : SCRMOD
+Registers: Alles
+```
+#### INITXT
+```
+Address  : #006C
+Function : Switches to SCREEN 0 (text screen with 40×24 characters)
+Input    : TXTNAM, TXTCGP
+Registers: All
+```
+#### INIT32
+```
+Address  : #006F
+Function : Switches to SCREEN 1 (text screen with 32×24 characters)
+Input    : T32NAM, T32CGP, T32COL, T32ATR, T32PAT
+Registers: All
+```
+#### INIGRP
+```
+Address  : #0072
+Function : Switches to SCREEN 2 (high resolution screen with 256×192 pixels)
+Input    : GRPNAM, GRPCGP, GRPCOL, GRPATR, GRPPAT
+Registers: All
+```
+#### INIMLT
+```
+Address  : #0075
+Function : Switches to SCREEN 3 (multi-color screen with 64×48 pixels)
+Input    : MLTNAM, MLTCGP, MLTCOL, MLTATR, MLTPAT
+Registers: All
+```
+#### SETTXT
+```
+Address  : #0078
+Function : Switches VDP to SCREEN 0 mode
+Input    : See [INITXT](#INITXT)
+Registers: All
+```
+#### SETT32
+```
+Address  : #007B
+Function : Switches VDP to SCREEN 1 mode
+Input    : See [INIT32](#INIT32)
+Registers: All
+```
+#### SETGRP
+```
+Address  : #007E
+Function : Switches VDP to SCREEN 2 mode
+Input    : See [INIGRP](#INIGRP)
+Registers: All
+```
+#### SETMLT
+```
+Address  : #0081
+Function : Switches VDP to SCREEN 3 mode
+Input    : See [INIMLT](#INIMLT)
+Registers: All
+```
+#### CALPAT
+```
+Address  : #0084
+Function : Returns the address of the sprite pattern table
+Input    : A  - Sprite ID
+Output   : HL - For the address
+Registers: AF, DE, HL
+```
+#### CALATR
+```
+Address  : #0087
+Function : Returns the address of the sprite attribute table
+Input    : A  - Sprite number
+Output   : HL - For the address
+Registers: AF, DE, HL
+```
+#### GSPSIZ
+```
+Address  : #008A
+Function : Returns current sprite size
+Output   : A  - Sprite size in bytes
+           Carry flag set when size is 16×16 sprites otherwise Carry flag is reset
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### GRPPRT
+```
+Address  : #008D
+Function : Displays a character on the graphic screen
+Input    : A  - ASCII value of the character to print
+```
+
+### PSG routines
+
+#### GICINI
+```
+Address  : #0090
+Function : Initialises PSG and sets initial value for the PLAY statement
+Registers: All
+```
+#### WRTPSG
+```
+Address  : #0093
+Function : Writes data to PSG register
+Input    : A  - PSG register number
+           E  - Data write
+```
+#### RDPSG
+```
+Address  : #0096
+Function : Reads value from PSG register
+Input    : A  - PSG register read
+Output   : A  - Value read
+```
+#### STRTMS
+```
+Address  : #0099
+Function : Tests whether the PLAY statement is being executed as a background
+           task. If not, begins to execute the PLAY statement
+Registers: All
+```
+
+### Console routines
+
+#### CHSNS
+```
+Address  : #009C
+Function : Tests the status of the keyboard buffer
+Output   : Zero flag set if buffer is empty, otherwise not set
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### CHGET
+```
+Address  : #009F
+Function : One character input (waiting)
+Output   : A  - ASCII code of the input character
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### CHPUT
+```
+Address  : #00A2
+Function : Displays one character
+Input    : A  - ASCII code of character to display
+```
+#### LPTOUT
+```
+Address  : #00A5
+Function : Sends one character to printer
+Input    : A  - ASCII code of character to send
+Output   : Carry flag set if failed
+Registers: F
+```
+#### LPTSTT
+```
+Address  : #00A8
+Function : Tests printer status
+Output   : A  - #FF and zero flag reset if printer is ready
+                #00 and zero flag set if not ready
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### CNVCHR
+```
+Address  : #00AB
+Function : Tests for the graphic header and transforms the code
+Input    : A  - Character code
+Output   : The carry flag is reset to not the graphic reader
+           The carry flag and zero flag are set to the transformed code is set in A
+           The carry flag is set and zero flag is reset to the untransformed code is set in A
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### PINLIN
+```
+Address  : #00AE
+Function : Stores in the specified buffer the character codes input until the return
+           key or STOP key is pressed
+Output   : HL - For the starting address of the buffer -1
+           Carry flag set when it ends with the STOP key
+Registers: All
+```
+#### INLIN
+```
+Address  : #00B1
+Function : Same as [PINLIN](#PINLIN) except that AUGFLG (#F6AA) is set
+Output   : HL - For the starting address of the buffer -1
+           Carry flag set when it ends with the STOP key
+Registers: All
+```
+#### QINLIN
+```
+Address  : #00B4
+Function : Prints a question mark and one space
+Output   : HL - For the starting address of the buffer -1
+           Carry flag set when it ends with the STOP key
+Registers: All
+```
+#### BREAKX
+```
+Address  : #00B7
+Function : Tests status of CTRL-STOP
+Output   : Carry flag set when pressed
+Registers: AF
+Remark   : In this routine, interrupts are inhibited
+```
+#### ISCNTC
+```
+Address  : #00BA
+Function : Tests status of SHIFT-STOP
+```
+#### CKCNTC
+```
+Address  : #00BD
+Function : Same as [ISCNTC](#ISCNTC). used in Basic
+```
+#### BEEP
+```
+Address  : #00C0
+Function : Generates beep
+Registers: All
+```
+#### CLS
+```
+Address  : #00C3
+Function : Clears the screen
+Registers: AF, BC, DE
+Remark   : Zero flag must be set to be able to run this routine
+           XOR A will do fine most of the time
+```
+#### POSIT
+```
+Address  : #00C6
+Function : Moves cursor to the specified position
+Input    : H  - Y coordinate of cursor
+           L  - X coordinate of cursor
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### FNKSB
+```
+Address  : #00C9
+Function : Tests whether the function key display is active (FNKFLG)
+           If so, displays them, otherwise erase them
+Input    : FNKFLG (#FBCE)
+Registers: All
+```
+#### ERAFNK
+```
+Address  : #00CC
+Function : Erase functionkey display
+Registers: All
+```
+#### DSPFNK
+```
+Address  : #00CF
+Function : Displays the function keys
+Registers: All
+```
+#### TOTEXT
+```
+Address  : #00D2
+Function : Forces the screen to be in the text mode
+Registers: All
+```
+
+### Controller routines
+
+#### GTSTCK
+```
+Address  : #00D5
+Function : Returns the joystick status
+Input    : A  - Joystick number to test (0 = cursors, 1 = port 1, 2 = port 2)
+Output   : A  - Direction
+Registers: All
+```
+#### GTTRIG
+```
+Address  : #00D8
+Function : Returns current trigger status
+Input    : A  - Trigger button to test
+           0 = space bar
+           1 = port 1, button A
+           2 = port 2, button A
+           3 = port 1, button B
+           4 = port 2, button B
+Output   : A  - #00 trigger button not pressed
+                #FF trigger button pressed
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### GTPAD
+```
+Address  : #00DB
+Function : Returns current touch pad status
+Input    : A  - Function call number. Fetch device data first, then read.
+
+           [0]   Fetch touch pad data from port 1 (#FF if available)
+           [1]   Read X-position
+           [2]   Read Y-position
+           [3]   Read touchpad status from port 1 (#FF if pressed)
+
+           [4]   Fetch touch pad data from port 2 (#FF if available)
+           [5]   Read X-position
+           [6]   Read Y-position
+           [7]   Read touchpad status from port 2 (#FF if pressed)
+
+Output   : A  - Value
+Registers: All
+Remark   : On MSX2, function call numbers 8-23 are forwarded to
+           [NEWPAD](subrom.php#NEWPAD) in the SubROM.
+```
+#### GTPDL
+```
+Address  : #00DE
+Function : Returns current value of paddle
+Input    : A  - Paddle number
+Output   : A  - Value
+Registers: All
+```
+
+### Tape device routines
+
+#### TAPION
+```
+Address  : #00E1
+Function : Reads the header block after turning the cassette motor on
+Output   : Carry flag set if failed
+Registers: All
+```
+#### TAPIN
+```
+Address  : #00E4
+Function : Read data from the tape
+Output   : A  - Read value
+           Carry flag set if failed
+Registers: All
+```
+#### TAPIOF
+```
+Address  : #00E7
+Function : Stops reading from the tape
+```
+#### TAPOON
+```
+Address  : #00EA
+Function : Turns on the cassette motor and writes the header
+Input    : A  - #00 short header
+            not #00 long header
+Output   : Carry flag set if failed
+Registers: All
+```
+#### TAPOUT
+```
+Address  : #00ED
+Function : Writes data on the tape
+Input    : A  - Data to write
+Output   : Carry flag set if failed
+Registers: All
+```
+#### TAPOOF
+```
+Address  : #00F0
+Function : Stops writing on the tape
+```
+#### STMOTR
+```
+Address  : #00F3
+Function : Sets the cassette motor action
+Input    : A  - #00 stop motor
+                #01 start motor
+                #FF reverse the current action
+Registers: AF
+```
+
+### Queue routines
+
+#### LFTQ
+```
+Address  : #00F6
+Function : Gives number of bytes in queue
+Output   : A  - Length of queue in bytes
+Remark   : Internal use
+```
+#### PUTQ
+```
+Address  : #00F9
+Function : Put byte in queue
+Remark   : Internal use
+```
+
+### Graphic routines
+
+#### RIGHTC
+```
+Address  : #00FC
+Function : Shifts screen pixel to the right
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### LEFTC
+```
+Address  : #00FF
+Function : Shifts screen pixel to the left
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### UPC
+```
+Address  : #0102
+Function : Shifts screen pixel up
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### TUPC
+```
+Address  : #0105
+Function : Tests whether [UPC](#UPC) is possible, if possible, execute [UPC](#UPC)
+Output   : Carry flag set if operation would end outside the screen
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### DOWNC
+```
+Address  : #0108
+Function : Shifts screen pixel down
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### TDOWNC
+```
+Address  : #010B
+Function : Tests whether [DOWNC](#DOWNC) is possible, if possible, execute [DOWNC](#DOWNC)
+Output   : Carry flag set if operation would end outside the screen
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### SCALXY
+```
+Address  : #010E
+Function : Scales X and Y coordinates
+```
+#### MAPXY
+```
+Address  : #0111
+Function : Places cursor at current cursor address
+```
+#### FETCHC
+```
+Address  : #0114
+Function : Gets current cursor addresses mask pattern
+Output   : HL - Cursor address
+           A  - Mask pattern
+```
+#### STOREC
+```
+Address  : #0117
+Function : Record current cursor addresses mask pattern
+Input    : HL - Cursor address
+           A  - Mask pattern
+```
+#### SETATR
+```
+Address  : #011A
+Function : Set attribute byte
+```
+#### READC
+```
+Address  : #011D
+Function : Reads attribute byte of current screen pixel
+```
+#### SETC
+```
+Address  : #0120
+Function : Returns current screen pixel of specified attribute byte
+```
+#### NSETCX
+```
+Address  : #0123
+Function : Set horizontal screen pixels
+```
+#### GTASPC
+```
+Address  : #0126
+Function : Gets screen relations
+Output   : DE, HL
+Registers: DE, HL
+```
+#### PNTINI
+```
+Address  : #0129
+Function : Initalises the PAINT instruction
+```
+#### SCANR
+```
+Address  : #012C
+Function : Scans screen pixels to the right
+```
+#### SCANL
+```
+Address  : #012F
+Function : Scans screen pixels to the left
+```
+
+### Misc routines
+
+#### CHGCAP
+```
+Address  : #0132
+Function : Alternates the CAPS lamp status
+Input    : A  - #00 is lamp on
+            not #00 is lamp off
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### CHGSND
+```
+Address  : #0135
+Function : Alternates the 1-bit sound port status
+Input    : A  - #00 to turn off
+            not #00 to turn on
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### RSLREG
+```
+Address  : #0138
+Function : Reads the primary slot register
+Output   : A  - For the value which was read
+           33221100
+           ││││││└┴─ Page 0 (#0000-#3FFF)
+           ││││└┴─── Page 1 (#4000-#7FFF)
+           ││└┴───── Page 2 (#8000-#BFFF)
+           └┴─────── Page 3 (#C000-#FFFF)
+Registers: A
+```
+#### WSLREG
+```
+Address  : #013B
+Function : Writes value to the primary slot register
+Input    : A  - Value to write, see [RSLREG](#RSLREG)
+```
+#### RDVDP
+```
+Address  : #013E
+Function : Reads VDP status register
+Output   : A  - Value which was read
+Registers: A
+```
+#### SNSMAT
+```
+Address  : #0141
+Function : Returns the value of the specified line from the keyboard matrix
+Input    : A  - For the specified line
+Output   : A  - For data (the bit corresponding to the pressed key will be 0)
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### PHYDIO
+```
+Address  : #0144
+Function : Executes I/O for mass-storage media like disks
+Input    : F  - Set carry to write, reset carry to read
+           A  - Drive number (0 = A:, 1 = B:, etc.)
+           B  - Number of sectors
+           C  - Media ID of the disk
+           DE - Begin sector
+           HL - Begin address in memory
+Output   : F  - Carry set on error
+           A  - Error code (only if carry set)
+                0 = Write protected
+                2 = Not ready
+                4 = Data error
+                6 = Seek error
+                8 = Record not found
+                10 = Write error
+                12 = Bad parameter
+                14 = Out of memory
+                16 = Other error
+           B  - Number of sectors actually written or read
+Registers: All
+Remark   : Interrupts may be disabled afterwards. On some hard disk interfaces,
+           when bit 7 of register C is set, a 23-bit addressing scheme is used
+           and bits 0-6 of register C contain bits 23-16 of the sector number.
+```
+#### FORMAT
+```
+Address  : #0147
+Function : Initialises mass-storage media like formatting of disks
+Registers: All
+Remark   : In minimum configuration only a HOOK is available
+```
+#### ISFLIO
+```
+Address  : #014A
+Function : Tests if I/O to device is taking place
+Output   : A  - #00 if not taking place
+            not #00 if taking place
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### OUTDLP
+```
+Address  : #014D
+Function : Printer output
+Input    : A  - Code to print
+Registers: F
+Remark   : Differences with [LPTOUT](#LPTOUT):
+           1. TAB is expanded to spaces
+           2. For non-MSX printers, Hiragana is transformed to katakana
+              and graphic characters are transformed to 1-byte characters
+           3. If failed, device I/O error occurs
+```
+#### GETVCP
+```
+Address  : #0150
+Function : Returns pointer to play queue
+Input    : A  - Channel number
+Output   : HL - Pointer
+Registers: AF
+Remark   : Only used to play music in background
+```
+#### GETVC2
+```
+Address  : #0153
+Function : Returns pointer to variable in queue number VOICEN (byte at #FB38)
+Input    : L  - Pointer in play buffer
+Output   : HL - Pointer
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### KILBUF
+```
+Address  : #0156
+Function : Clear keyboard buffer
+Registers: HL
+```
+#### CALBAS
+```
+Address  : #0159
+Function : Executes inter-slot call to the routine in BASIC interpreter
+Input    : IX - For the calling address
+Output   : Depends on the called routine
+Registers: Depends on the called routine
+```
+
+## MSX 2 BIOS Entries
+
+#### SUBROM
+```
+Address  : #015C
+Function : Calls a routine in SUB-ROM
+Input    : IX - Address of routine in SUB-ROM
+Output   : Depends on the routine
+Registers: Alternative registers, IY
+Remark   : Use of [EXTROM](#EXTROM) or [CALSLT](#CALSLT) is more convenient.
+           In IX an extra value to the routine can be given by first
+           pushing it to the stack.
+```
+#### EXTROM
+```
+Address  : #015F
+Function : Calls a routine in SUB-ROM. Most common way
+Input    : IX - Address of routine in SUB-ROM
+Output   : Depends on the routine
+Registers: Alternative registers, IY
+Remark   : Use: LD IX,address
+                CALL EXTROM
+```
+#### CHKSLZ
+```
+Address  : #0162
+Function : Search slots for SUB-ROM
+Registers: All
+```
+#### CHKNEW
+```
+Address  : #0165
+Function : Tests screen mode
+Output   : Carry flag set if screenmode = 5, 6, 7 or 8 
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### EOL
+```
+Address  : #0168
+Function : Deletes to the end of the line
+Input    : H  - X coordinate of cursor
+           L  - Y coordinate of cursor
+Registers: All
+```
+#### BIGFIL
+```
+Address  : #016B
+Function : Same function as [FILVRM](#FILVRM) (with 16-bit VRAM-address).
+Input    : HL - Address
+           BC - Length
+           A  - Data
+Registers: AF,BC
+```
+#### NSETRD
+```
+Address  : #016E
+Function : Same function as [SETRD](#SETRD) (with 16-bit VRAM-address).
+Input    : HL - VRAM address
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### NSTWRT
+```
+Address  : #0171
+Function : Same function as [SETWRT](#SETWRT) (with 16-bit VRAM-address).
+Input    : HL - VRAM address
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### NRDVRM
+```
+Address  : #0174
+Function : Reads VRAM like in [RDVRM](#RDVRM) (with 16-bit VRAM-address).
+Input    : HL - VRAM address
+Output   : A  - Read value
+Registers: F
+```
+#### NWRVRM
+```
+Address  : #0177
+Function : Writes to VRAM like in [WRTVRM](#WRTVRM) (with 16-bit VRAM-address).
+Input    : HL - VRAM address
+           A  - Value to write
+Registers: AF
+```
+
+## MSX 2+ BIOS Entries
+
+#### RDRES
+```
+Address  : #017A
+Function : Read value of I/O port #F4
+Input    : None
+Output   : A = value read
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### WRRES
+```
+Address  : #017D
+Function : Write value to I/O port #F4
+Input    : A = value to write
+           When bit 7 is reset it shows the MSX 2+ startup screen on boot,
+           and counts and initialises the RAM.
+Output   : None
+Registers: None
+```
+
+## MSX turbo R BIOS Entries
+
+#### CHGCPU
+```
+Address  : #0180
+Function : Changes CPU mode
+Input    : A = LED 0 0 0 0 0 x x
+                │            0 0 = Z80 (ROM) mode
+                │            0 1 = R800 ROM  mode
+                │            1 0 = R800 DRAM mode
+               LED indicates whether the Turbo LED is switched with the CPU
+Output   : None
+Registers: None
+```
+#### GETCPU
+```
+Address  : #0183
+Function : Returns current CPU mode
+Input    : None
+Output   : A = 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x
+                           0 0 = Z80 (ROM) mode
+                           0 1 = R800 ROM  mode
+                           1 0 = R800 DRAM mode
+Registers: AF
+```
+#### PCMPLY
+```
+Address  : #0186
+Function : Plays specified memory area through the PCM chip
+Input    : A = v 0 0 0 0 0 x x
+               │           │ │
+               │           └─┴── Quality parameter (Speed: 0 = Fast)
+               └──────────────── VRAM usage flag
+           HL= Start address in RAM or VRAM
+           BC= Length of area to play
+           D = Bit 0 = Bit 17 of area length when using VRAM
+           E = Bit 0 = Bit 17 os start address when using VRAM
+Output   : Carry flag set when aborted with CTRL-STOP
+Registers: All
+```
+#### PCMREC
+```
+Address  : #0189
+Function : Records audio using the PCM chip into the specified memory area
+Input    : A = v t t t t c x x
+               │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
+               │ │ │ │ │ │ └─┴── Quality parameter (Speed: 0 = Fast)
+               │ │ │ │ │ └────── Zero-data compression
+               │ └─┴─┴─┴──────── Treshold
+               └──────────────── VRAM usage flag
+           HL= Start address in RAM or VRAM
+           BC= Length of area to play
+           D = Bit 0 = Bit 17 of area length when using VRAM
+           E = Bit 0 = Bit 17 os start address when using VRAM
+Output   : Carry flag set when aborted with CTRL-STOP
+Registers: All
+```
+
+~BiFi
+
+© 2025 MSX Assembly Page. MSX is a trademark of MSX Licensing Corporation.