@mudraforge/statutory 2.11.0 → 2.13.0

package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/credit_debit_notes_sec34/ast.json

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "sectionId": "CGST2017_SEC34",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "governingStatute": "Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017",
+  "statutorySection": "Section 34",
+  "successorStatute": "Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017",
+  "successorSection": "Section 34",
+  "triggerPolicy": {
+    "type": "TRANSACTION_DATE",
+    "description": "Credit note adjustment temporal cutoff"
+  },
+  "computation": {
+    "archetype": "CREDIT_NOTE_TIMELINES_SEC34",
+    "cutoffMonth": 11,
+    "cutoffDay": 30
+  },
+  "rounding": {
+    "transactionLine": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA",
+    "assessmentTotal": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA"
+  }
+}

package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/e_invoicing_rule48_4/ast.json

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+  "sectionId": "CGST2017_RULE48_4",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "governingStatute": "Central Goods and Services Tax Rules, 2017",
+  "statutorySection": "Rule 48(4)",
+  "successorStatute": "CGST Rules, 2017",
+  "successorSection": "Rule 48(4)",
+  "triggerPolicy": {
+    "type": "INVOICE_DATE",
+    "description": "Mandatory B2B Invoice Registration Number (IRN) generation"
+  },
+  "computation": {
+    "archetype": "EINVOICING_MANDATE_RULE48_4",
+    "turnoverThresholdPaisa": "500000000"
+  },
+  "rounding": {
+    "transactionLine": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA",
+    "assessmentTotal": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA"
+  }
+}

package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/export_services_lut_sec16/ast.json

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+  "sectionId": "IGST2017_SEC16",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "governingStatute": "Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017",
+  "statutorySection": "Section 16",
+  "successorStatute": "Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017",
+  "successorSection": "Section 16",
+  "triggerPolicy": {
+    "type": "TRANSACTION_DATE",
+    "description": "Zero-rated export of services under Letter of Undertaking"
+  },
+  "computation": {
+    "archetype": "EXPORT_LUT_ZERO_RATED_SEC16",
+    "lutIgstRateBps": 0
+  },
+  "rounding": {
+    "transactionLine": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA",
+    "assessmentTotal": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA"
+  }
+}

package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/gst_tds_sec51/ast.json

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+{
+  "sectionId": "CGST2017_SEC51",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "governingStatute": "Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017",
+  "statutorySection": "Section 51",
+  "successorStatute": "Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017",
+  "successorSection": "Section 51",
+  "triggerPolicy": {
+    "type": "PAYMENT_ONLY",
+    "description": "Government entity contract withholding"
+  },
+  "computation": {
+    "archetype": "GST_TDS_DEDUCTION_SEC51",
+    "thresholdPaisa": "25000000",
+    "cgstRateBps": 100,
+    "sgstRateBps": 100,
+    "totalRateBps": 200
+  },
+  "rounding": {
+    "transactionLine": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA",
+    "assessmentTotal": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA"
+  }
+}

package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/itc_eligibility_16_2/ast.json

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+  "sectionId": "CGST2017_SEC16_2",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "governingStatute": "Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017",
+  "statutorySection": "Section 16(2)",
+  "successorStatute": "Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017",
+  "successorSection": "Section 16(2)",
+  "triggerPolicy": {
+    "type": "INVOICE_DATE",
+    "description": "Cumulative four-condition statutory eligibility gate"
+  },
+  "computation": {
+    "archetype": "ITC_ELIGIBILITY_GATE_16_2",
+    "mandatoryConditionsCount": 4
+  },
+  "rounding": {
+    "transactionLine": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA",
+    "assessmentTotal": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA"
+  }
+}

package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/itc_reversal_rule37_37a/ast.json

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+{
+  "sectionId": "CGST2017_RULE37_37A",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "governingStatute": "Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017",
+  "statutorySection": "Section 16(2) second proviso read with Rule 37 & 37A",
+  "successorStatute": "Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017",
+  "successorSection": "Rule 37 & 37A (as amended)",
+  "triggerPolicy": {
+    "type": "PAYMENT_ONLY",
+    "description": "Triggered by payment status relative to 180-day grace period from invoice date"
+  },
+  "guards": [
+    {
+      "id": "GUARD_RCM_EXEMPTION",
+      "field": "isRcm",
+      "operator": "IS_TRUE",
+      "onMatch": {
+        "action": "HALT_EXEMPT",
+        "disposition": "EXEMPT_FROM_180_DAY_REVERSAL_RCM",
+        "reason": "Supplies subject to Reverse Charge Mechanism u/s 9(3) or 9(4) exempt from 180-day reversal"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "GUARD_SCHEDULE_I_EXEMPTION",
+      "field": "isScheduleISupply",
+      "operator": "IS_TRUE",
+      "onMatch": {
+        "action": "HALT_EXEMPT",
+        "disposition": "EXEMPT_FROM_180_DAY_REVERSAL_SCHEDULE_I",
+        "reason": "Deemed supplies without consideration under Schedule I are exempt from 180-day reversal"
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "computation": {
+    "archetype": "PROPORTIONAL_REVERSAL_180_DAYS",
+    "gracePeriodDays": 180,
+    "annualInterestRatePercent": 18.0,
+    "interestChargingSection": "CGST Act, 2017 Section 50(1)",
+    "gstr3bReportingTable": "Table 4(B)(2) - Others (Reclaimable)"
+  },
+  "rounding": {
+    "transactionLine": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA",
+    "assessmentTotal": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA"
+  }
+}

package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/itc_reversal_rule37_37a/circulars/cbic_circular_192_2023_ecl_interest_calculation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+---
+id: cbic_circular_192_2023_ecl_interest_calculation
+title: "CBIC Circular No. 192/04/2023-GST - Clarification on Interest Calculation under Section 50(3) Read with Rule 88B(3) and Combined ECL Balances"
+authority: Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC)
+date: 2023-07-17
+statutory_section: Section 50(3) read with Rule 88B(3) and Rule 37
+valid_from: 2023-07-17
+valid_to: OPEN_ENDED
+temporal_status: ACTIVE
+official_url: https://gstcouncil.gov.in/node/4913
+---
+
+# CBIC Circular No. 192/04/2023-GST (Dated 17 July 2023)
+
+## 1. Subject & Statutory Context
+Clarification on charging of interest under section 50(3) of the CGST Act, 2017, in cases of wrong availment of Input Tax Credit (ITC) and reversal thereof under Rule 88B of the CGST Rules, 2017.
+
+## 2. Issues Clarified by the Board
+
+### Issue 1: Combined Ledger Balance vs Head-Wise Balance for IGST Credit
+Where a registered person wrongly avails Input Tax Credit under the head of IGST and subsequently reverses it, the question arose whether interest under Section 50(3) read with Rule 88B(3) applies when the individual IGST ledger balance falls below the wrongly availed amount, but the combined balance of IGST, CGST, and SGST taken together remains sufficient.
+
+**Clarification**:
+In terms of Section 49(5) of the CGST Act, Input Tax Credit available under any head (IGST, CGST, or SGST) in the electronic credit ledger can be utilized for payment of IGST output liability. Therefore, to evaluate whether wrongly availed IGST credit has been utilized, the total balance of ITC across **all three major heads (IGST + CGST + SGST) taken together** must be considered.
+- If the aggregate balance (IGST + CGST + SGST) never falls below the wrongly availed amount during the period from availment to reversal, **no interest under Section 50(3) is payable**.
+- Interest attaches strictly to the extent of the shortfall in the combined balance and for the specific days of such dip.
+
+### Issue 2: Cross-Utilization Restriction for CGST and SGST
+- For wrongly availed **CGST credit**: CGST credit can be utilized for CGST and IGST liabilities, but cannot be utilized for SGST liability. Thus, the relevant available balance is `CGST + IGST`.
+- For wrongly availed **SGST credit**: SGST credit can be utilized for SGST and IGST liabilities, but cannot be utilized for CGST liability. Thus, the relevant available balance is `SGST + IGST`.
+
+### Issue 3: Strict Exclusion of Compensation Cess
+Credit of Compensation Cess available in the electronic credit ledger cannot be taken into account when calculating the available balance for IGST, CGST, or SGST, because Cess credit can only be utilized for paying output Compensation Cess under Section 11 of the Goods and Services Tax (Compensation to States) Act, 2017.
+
+## 3. Statutory Principles for Rule 37 Overdue Invoices
+Where ITC is required to be reversed under Section 16(2) second proviso read with Rule 37(1) for unpaid supplier bills > 180 days, interest under Section 50 attaches only if the unreversed credit was utilized in terms of Rule 88B(3) as interpreted by Circular No. 192/04/2023-GST. If the relevant ledger balance remained at or above the unreversed ITC, the credit remained unutilized and interest exposure is ₹0.00.

package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/itc_reversal_rule37_37a/section.json

@@ -50,15 +50,22 @@
       "instrument": "Circular No. 170/02/2022-GST (Dated 06 July 2022)",
       "subject": "Mandatory reporting of reclaimable ITC reversals in Table 4(B)(2) of Form GSTR-3B",
       "officialUrl": "https://taxinformation.cbic.gov.in/view-pdf/1003110/ENG/Circulars"
+    },
+    {
+      "authority": "Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC)",
+      "instrument": "Circular No. 192/04/2023-GST (Dated 17 July 2023)",
+      "subject": "Clarification on charging of interest under section 50(3) read with Rule 88B(3) in cases of wrong availment of IGST credit and consideration of combined ECL balance",
+      "officialUrl": "https://gstcouncil.gov.in/node/4913"
     }
   ],
   "requiredDocumentChecklist": [
     "Supplier Tax Invoice with invoice date and payment terms",
     "Accounts Payable Aging Ledger showing unpaid balances beyond 180 days",
+    "Electronic Credit Ledger chronological ledger movement statement (Rule 88B(3) utilization audit)",
     "Bank payment vouchers confirming partial or full settlement dates",
     "GSTR-2B statement showing initial ITC availment month",
     "Form GSTR-3B Table 4(B)(2) reversal disclosure voucher"
   ],
   "tier": "PUBLIC_COMMONS_FREE",
-  "version": "2.10.0"
+  "version": "2.11.0"
 }

package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/rcm_liability_sec9_3/ast.json

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+{
+  "sectionId": "CGST2017_SEC9_3",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "governingStatute": "Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017",
+  "statutorySection": "Section 9(3)",
+  "successorStatute": "Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017",
+  "successorSection": "Section 9(3)",
+  "triggerPolicy": {
+    "type": "INVOICE_DATE",
+    "description": "Reverse charge recipient tax payment obligation"
+  },
+  "computation": {
+    "archetype": "RCM_LIABILITY_EVALUATION_9_3",
+    "coveredNotifiedServices": [
+      "GTA",
+      "LEGAL_SERVICES",
+      "DIRECTOR_SERVICES",
+      "RECOVERY_AGENT",
+      "SECURITY_SERVICES"
+    ]
+  },
+  "rounding": {
+    "transactionLine": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA",
+    "assessmentTotal": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA"
+  }
+}

package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/rcm_liability_sec9_3/circulars/cbic_notification_07_2025_composition_rent_exclusion.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+id: cbic_notification_07_2025_composition_rent_exclusion
+title: "CBIC Notification No. 07/2025-Central Tax (Rate) - Exclusion of Composition Taxpayers from Commercial Immovable Property Renting RCM"
+authority: Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC)
+date: 2025-01-16
+statutory_section: Section 9(3)
+valid_from: 2025-01-16
+valid_to: OPEN_ENDED
+temporal_status: ACTIVE
+official_url: https://gstcouncil.gov.in/072025-central-tax-rate
+---
+
+# CBIC Notification No. 07/2025-Central Tax (Rate) (Dated 16 January 2025)
+
+## 1. Statutory Context & Legislative Background
+Following the recommendations of the 55th GST Council meeting, the Central Government amended Notification No. 13/2017-Central Tax (Rate) dated 28 June 2017 to rectify an unintended compliance burden placed on small taxpayers operating under the composition levy.
+
+Earlier, Notification No. 09/2024-Central Tax (Rate) (effective 10 October 2024) inserted Entry 5AB, bringing the renting of any commercial immovable property (other than residential dwellings) by an unregistered supplier to *any registered person* under the Reverse Charge Mechanism (RCM).
+
+Because Entry 5AB applied broadly to "any registered person", small enterprises registered under the Section 10 Composition Levy were forced to generate Self-Invoices (Section 31(3)(f)), issue Payment Vouchers (Section 31(3)(g)), and pay 18% GST in cash under GSTR-3B Table 3.1(d) without any entitlement to input tax credit (Section 10(4)).
+
+## 2. Text of the Statutory Amendment
+In Notification No. 13/2017-Central Tax (Rate), in the Table, against serial number 5AB, in column (4), for the words **"any registered person"**, the words:
+> **"any registered person, other than a person who has opted to pay tax under section 10"**
+
+shall be substituted with effect from the **16th day of January, 2025**.
+
+## 3. Legal Consequences for Accounts Payable (AP) Accounting
+1. **Regular Registered Recipients (Section 9)**:
+   - For regular GST-registered entities, Entry 5AB RCM remains fully active.
+   - Rent paid to an unregistered landlord requires cash tax payment under Table 3.1(d) and credit availment under Table 4(A)(3).
+
+2. **Composition Taxpayers (Section 10)**:
+   - With effect from **16 January 2025**, composition taxpayers leasing commercial property from unregistered landlords are statutorily **EXCLUDED** from RCM liability.
+   - The transaction falls out of reverse charge into forward charge / unregistered exempt territory.
+   - Composition taxpayers have zero RCM payment liability and zero self-invoicing requirement under Entry 5AB.
+
+3. **Temporal Application**:
+   - *Prior to 10 October 2024*: No RCM on commercial rent by unregistered persons.
+   - *10 October 2024 to 15 January 2025*: RCM attached to all registered recipients (both regular and composition).
+   - *On or after 16 January 2025*: RCM attaches strictly to regular registered persons; composition taxpayers are excluded.

package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/rcm_liability_sec9_3/circulars/cbic_notification_09_2024_renting_rcm.md

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+id: cbic_notification_09_2024_renting_rcm
+title: CBIC Notification 09/2024-Central Tax (Rate): Reverse Charge on Renting of Commercial Property by Unregistered Persons
+authority: Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC)
+date: 2024-10-08
+statutory_section: Section 9(3) of CGST Act, 2017 read with Notification No. 13/2017-Central Tax (Rate)
+valid_from: 2024-10-10
+valid_to: OPEN_ENDED
+temporal_status: ACTIVE
+official_url: https://taxinformation.cbic.gov.in/view-pdf/1010183/ENG/Notifications
+---
+
+# CBIC Notification No. 09/2024-Central Tax (Rate): Reverse Charge on Commercial Property Renting
+
+## 1. Statutory Background & Amendment
+Exercising the powers conferred by Section 9(3) of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017, the Central Government, on the recommendations of the GST Council (54th Meeting), notified **Notification No. 09/2024-Central Tax (Rate)** dated 8 October 2024, taking effect on **10 October 2024**.
+
+This notification amends principal Notification No. 13/2017-Central Tax (Rate) by inserting entry **5AB** into the Table of reverse charge services.
+
+## 2. Scope of Reverse Charge Levy (Entry 5AB)
+- **Category of Supply**: Service by way of renting of any property, other than residential dwelling, provided by any unregistered person to any registered person.
+- **Supplier of Service**: Any person not registered under the CGST Act (unregistered landlord / property owner).
+- **Recipient of Service**: Any person registered under the CGST Act (corporate entity, enterprise tenant, or registered business).
+- **Tax Payment Liability**: The registered recipient is statutory liable to pay the GST (18%) under the **Reverse Charge Mechanism (RCM)**.
+
+## 3. Impact on Accounts Payable (AP) & Rent Disbursement
+1. **Unregistered Landlord Leases**:
+   Where a registered enterprise leases office spaces, retail outlets, warehouses, or commercial premises from an unregistered landlord:
+   - The landlord will not charge GST on the rental bill.
+   - The recipient enterprise MUST NOT treat the rental transaction as exempt or non-taxable.
+   - The recipient must self-assess 18% GST under Section 9(3) and discharge it via cash in **GSTR-3B Table 3.1(d)**.
+2. **Self-Invoicing & Payment Vouchers**:
+   Under Section 31(3)(f), the recipient must generate a **Self-Invoice** for each rental accrual period. Under Section 31(3)(g), a **Payment Voucher** must be issued upon disbursing rental consideration to the landlord.
+3. **Electronic Cash Ledger Discharge**:
+   In accordance with Section 49(4) read with Section 9(3), RCM rental tax liability cannot be offset against balance in the Electronic Credit Ledger; it must be paid strictly in cash through the Electronic Cash Ledger.
+4. **Input Tax Credit Claim**:
+   Once discharged in cash, the tax paid under RCM is fully eligible for input tax credit under Section 16(2) in the same tax period, reported under **GSTR-3B Table 4(A)(3)**, provided the commercial property is used for furtherance of business.

package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/rcm_liability_sec9_3/circulars/gst_council_55th_meeting_renting_rcm_regularization.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+---
+id: gst_council_55th_meeting_renting_rcm_regularization
+title: "55th GST Council Meeting Recommendations - As Is Where Is Regularization for Commercial Rent RCM on Composition Taxpayers"
+authority: Goods and Services Tax Council (GST Council)
+date: 2024-12-21
+statutory_section: Section 9(3) read with Section 10
+valid_from: 2024-10-10
+valid_to: 2025-01-15
+temporal_status: ACTIVE
+official_url: https://cbic-gst.gov.in/pdf/Press-Release%20-55-GST-Council.pdf
+---
+
+# 55th GST Council Meeting: Regularization of Commercial Renting RCM for Composition Taxpayers (21 December 2024)
+
+## 1. Executive Context & Legislative History
+At its 55th meeting held on 21 December 2024 at Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, under the chairpersonship of the Union Minister for Finance and Corporate Affairs, the GST Council addressed representations regarding the adverse impact of Notification No. 09/2024-Central Tax (Rate) dated 8 October 2024.
+
+Notification No. 09/2024-Central Tax (Rate) inserted Entry 5AB in Notification No. 13/2017-Central Tax (Rate), mandating reverse charge liability on renting of commercial immovable property by unregistered persons to *any registered person* effective 10 October 2024. This unintentionally imposed a non-creditable cash tax burden on small traders and manufacturers registered under the Section 10 composition scheme who could not claim input tax credit under Section 10(4).
+
+## 2. Recommendation on Past Intervening Period (10 October 2024 to 15 January 2025)
+To eliminate hardship and retrospective compliance disputes, the GST Council recommended:
+1. **Prospective Amendment**: Amend Entry 5AB of Notification No. 13/2017-Central Tax (Rate) to expressly exclude persons opting for the composition levy under Section 10 (effectuated via Notification No. 07/2025-Central Tax (Rate) w.e.f. 16 January 2025).
+2. **"As Is Where Is" Basis Regularization**: For the intervening period from 10 October 2024 to 15 January 2025, past transactions are regularized on an *as is where is* basis:
+   - **No Refund for Tax Already Paid**: If a composition taxpayer has already discharged GST under reverse charge mechanism in cash, no refund shall be granted. The discharged tax constitutes a permanent business expense.
+   - **No Demand or Recovery for Unpaid Tax**: If a composition taxpayer has not discharged reverse charge tax on commercial rent during this intervening window, tax authorities shall not initiate retrospective recovery, demand notices, or penal proceedings.
+
+## 3. Statutory Accounting & Audit Treatment
+In statutory accounts payable reconciliation:
+- Intervening bills where RCM was historically discharged: Classify as `RCM_COMPOSITION_INTERVENING_REGULARIZED_PAID`.
+- Intervening bills where RCM was not discharged: Classify as `RCM_COMPOSITION_INTERVENING_REGULARIZED_UNPAID`, with zero cash tax liability and full consideration expensed to P&L.
+- Indeterminate discharge status: Classify as `REQUIRES_HUMAN_VERIFICATION`.

package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/rcm_liability_sec9_3/section.json

@@ -28,7 +28,8 @@
       "Legal services provided by individual advocates / firms of advocates",
       "Services provided by a Director of a company/body corporate to the company",
       "Services by way of sponsorship to any body corporate or partnership firm",
-      "Services provided by way of supply of security personnel to a registered person"
+      "Services provided by way of supply of security personnel to a registered person",
+      "Service by way of renting of any commercial property (other than residential dwelling) by any unregistered person to any registered person other than a composition taxpayer under Section 10 (Notification No. 09/2024-Central Tax (Rate) w.e.f. 10 October 2024 as amended by Notification No. 07/2025-Central Tax (Rate) w.e.f. 16 January 2025)"
     ],
     "mandatoryCashPaymentRule": "RCM liability CANNOT be adjusted against Electronic Credit Ledger (ITC); must strictly be discharged via Electronic Cash Ledger under Section 49(4)",
     "selfInvoiceMandate": "Section 31(3)(f): Recipient liable to pay tax under Section 9(3) or 9(4) must issue a self-invoice within 30 days of receiving supply from unregistered supplier",
@@ -53,15 +54,36 @@
       "instrument": "Circular No. 102/21/2019-GST dated 28 June 2019",
       "subject": "Clarification regarding applicability of GST on additional/penal interest and RCM applicability",
       "officialUrl": "https://cbic-gst.gov.in/pdf/circular-cgst-102.pdf"
+    },
+    {
+      "authority": "Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC)",
+      "instrument": "Notification No. 09/2024-Central Tax (Rate) dated 8 October 2024",
+      "subject": "Mandatory reverse charge on renting of commercial immovable property by an unregistered supplier to a registered recipient w.e.f. 10 October 2024",
+      "officialUrl": "https://taxinformation.cbic.gov.in/view-pdf/1010183/ENG/Notifications"
+    },
+    {
+      "authority": "Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC)",
+      "instrument": "Notification No. 07/2025-Central Tax (Rate) dated 16 January 2025",
+      "subject": "Exclusion of composition taxpayers paying tax under Section 10 from reverse charge liability on commercial property renting w.e.f. 16 January 2025",
+      "officialUrl": "https://gstcouncil.gov.in/072025-central-tax-rate"
+    },
+    {
+      "authority": "Goods and Services Tax Council (GST Council)",
+      "instrument": "55th GST Council Meeting Recommendations dated 21 December 2024",
+      "subject": "Regularization of past intervening period (10 October 2024 to 15 January 2025) on as is where is basis for composition taxpayers leasing commercial property",
+      "officialUrl": "https://cbic-gst.gov.in/pdf/Press-Release%20-55-GST-Council.pdf"
     }
   ],
   "requiredDocumentChecklist": [
     "Supplier consignment note (Bilty) for GTA or engagement letter for legal / director services",
+    "Commercial lease agreement confirming unregistered status of landlord for commercial rent RCM",
+    "Recipient GST registration scheme verification (Regular taxpayer liable under Entry 5AB vs Section 10 Composition taxpayer excluded w.e.f. 16 January 2025)",
+    "Historical cash discharge audit for intervening period (10 Oct 2024 - 15 Jan 2025) to confirm as-is-where-is regularization status",
     "Self-Invoice generated by recipient under Section 31(3)(f)",
     "Payment Voucher issued under Section 31(3)(g) at the time of disbursement",
     "Electronic Cash Ledger debit entry confirming cash discharge of RCM liability in GSTR-3B Table 3.1(d)",
     "GSTR-3B Table 4(A)(3) ITC claim reconciliation for RCM tax paid"
   ],
   "tier": "PUBLIC_COMMONS_FREE",
-  "version": "2.4.0"
+  "version": "2.9.0"
 }

package/okf/international_tax/cross_border_remittance_195/ast.json

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+{
+  "sectionId": "ITACT1961_SEC195",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "governingStatute": "Income-tax Act, 1961",
+  "statutorySection": "Section 195",
+  "successorStatute": "Income-tax Act, 2025",
+  "successorSection": "Section 393(2)",
+  "transitionalCutoverDate": "2026-04-01",
+  "triggerPolicy": {
+    "type": "EARLIER_OF",
+    "events": ["creditDate", "paymentDate"],
+    "description": "Earlier of book credit or SWIFT remittance disbursement"
+  },
+  "guards": [
+    {
+      "id": "GUARD_TAX_HAVEN",
+      "field": "isTaxHaven",
+      "operator": "IS_TRUE",
+      "onMatch": {
+        "action": "OVERRIDE_RATE",
+        "overrideRateBps": 3000,
+        "governingSection1961": "Section 94A NJA",
+        "governingSection2025": "Section 393(2) NJA"
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "computation": {
+    "archetype": "DTAA_TREATY_TAX_HAVEN_MATRIX",
+    "standardDomesticRatePercent": 20,
+    "taxHavenRatePercent": 30,
+    "treatyFtsRatePercent": 10,
+    "treatyBusinessProfitsRatePercent": 0,
+    "thresholdPartAInr": 500000
+  },
+  "rounding": {
+    "transactionLine": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA",
+    "assessmentTotal": "INCOME_TAX_ACT_1961_SEC288B"
+  }
+}

package/okf/international_tax/financial_instruments_ecl_indas_109/ast.json

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+{
+  "sectionId": "INDAS109_FINANCIAL_INSTRUMENTS",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "governingStatute": "Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015",
+  "statutorySection": "Ind AS 109 / IFRS 9",
+  "successorStatute": "Ind AS 109",
+  "successorSection": "Ind AS 109",
+  "triggerPolicy": {
+    "type": "TRANSACTION_DATE",
+    "description": "3-stage forward-looking Expected Credit Loss impairment"
+  },
+  "computation": {
+    "archetype": "EXPECTED_CREDIT_LOSS_INDAS109",
+    "stages": [
+      "STAGE_1_12_MONTH",
+      "STAGE_2_LIFETIME",
+      "STAGE_3_CREDIT_IMPAIRED"
+    ]
+  },
+  "rounding": {
+    "transactionLine": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA",
+    "assessmentTotal": "COMMERCIAL_PAISA"
+  }
+}

package/okf/international_tax/financial_instruments_ecl_indas_109/circulars/mca_notification_indas_109_financial_instruments.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+id: mca_notification_indas_109_financial_instruments
+title: Ministry of Corporate Affairs Notification on Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments and Expected Credit Loss Framework
+authority: Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA)
+date: 2015-02-16
+statutory_section: Ind AS 109 read with Companies Act 2013 Section 133
+valid_from: 2018-04-01
+valid_to: OPEN_ENDED
+temporal_status: ACTIVE
+official_url: https://www.mca.gov.in/content/mca/global/en/acts-rules/ebooks/accounting-standards.html
+---
+
+# MCA Notification: Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 — Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments
+
+## 1. Executive Summary & Statutory Background
+Ind AS 109 establishes principles for recognizing, measuring, and reporting financial assets and financial liabilities. It fundamentally replaces the incurred loss impairment model of predecessor Ind AS 39 with a forward-looking Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model, harmonized with International Financial Reporting Standard 9 (IFRS 9).
+
+## 2. Mandatory 3-Stage Impairment Model
+1. **Stage 1 (Performing)**:
+   - Financial instruments with no significant increase in credit risk (SICR) since initial recognition.
+   - Loss allowance measured at an amount equal to **12-month expected credit losses**.
+   - Interest revenue calculated on gross carrying amount.
+
+2. **Stage 2 (Under-Performing)**:
+   - Instruments that have experienced SICR since initial recognition but are not credit-impaired (typically past due > 30 days).
+   - Loss allowance measured at an amount equal to **lifetime expected credit losses**.
+   - Interest revenue calculated on gross carrying amount.
+
+3. **Stage 3 (Credit-Impaired / Non-Performing)**:
+   - Financial assets that have objective evidence of impairment (typically past due > 90 days or default events).
+   - Loss allowance measured at **lifetime expected credit losses**.
+   - Interest revenue calculated on net carrying amount (gross minus loss allowance).
+
+## 3. Simplified Approach for Trade Receivables
+For trade receivables, contract assets, and lease receivables without a significant financing component:
+- The entity is permitted/mandated to measure loss allowance at an amount equal to lifetime ECL at all times.
+- A **Provision Matrix** based on historical credit loss experience across defined aging buckets (e.g. Current, 1-30, 31-60, 61-90, >90 days overdue) is utilized, adjusted for forward-looking macroeconomic conditions.
+
+## 4. Indian Direct Tax Treatment (Section 36(1)(vii) vs Ind AS 109)
+An ECL impairment provision charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss under Ind AS 109 is **disallowable as a contingent provision** under Indian Income Tax law:
+- Under Section 36(1)(vii) read with the Explanation, deduction is allowable ONLY when the debt is actually written off as irrecoverable in the accounts.
+- Under Section 40A(9), general provisions for liabilities are disallowed.
+- Entities must track a temporary difference and recognize a **Deferred Tax Asset (DTA)** under Ind AS 12 for the disallowed ECL provision until the fiscal year of actual write-off.

package/okf/international_tax/financial_instruments_ecl_indas_109/forms/indas_109_ecl_provision_matrix_schedule.json

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "title": "Ind AS 109 / IFRS 9 Expected Credit Loss (ECL) Provision Matrix Schedule",
+  "description": "Calculates lifetime expected credit loss allowance on trade receivables under the simplified approach using aging brackets and forward-looking default rates.",
+  "type": "object",
+  "required": [
+    "reportingDate",
+    "grossReceivablesInr",
+    "agingBrackets"
+  ],
+  "properties": {
+    "reportingDate": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "format": "date",
+      "description": "Financial reporting date YYYY-MM-DD"
+    },
+    "grossReceivablesInr": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "minimum": 0,
+      "description": "Total gross trade receivables before loss allowance"
+    },
+    "macroeconomicAdjustmentFactor": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "default": 1.0,
+      "description": "Forward-looking economic adjustment overlay (e.g. 1.05 for 5% stress)"
+    },
+    "agingBrackets": {
+      "type": "array",
+      "items": {
+        "type": "object",
+        "required": ["bracketName", "grossAmountInr", "historicalLossRatePercent"],
+        "properties": {
+          "bracketName": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "enum": ["CURRENT_NOT_DUE", "DAYS_1_30", "DAYS_31_60", "DAYS_61_90", "DAYS_91_180", "DAYS_OVER_180"]
+          },
+          "grossAmountInr": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0 },
+          "historicalLossRatePercent": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0, "maximum": 100 }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

package/okf/international_tax/financial_instruments_ecl_indas_109/section.json

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+{
+  "sectionId": "INDAS_109_IFRS_9_ECL_IMPAIRMENT",
+  "sectionCode": "INDAS-109-IFRS-9",
+  "aliases": [
+    "Ind AS 109",
+    "IFRS 9",
+    "ASC 326",
+    "CECL",
+    "expected credit loss",
+    "ECL provision",
+    "simplified approach",
+    "provision matrix",
+    "trade receivables impairment",
+    "SICR",
+    "stage 1 2 3 impairment",
+    "financial instruments"
+  ],
+  "governingStatute": "Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 read with Section 133 of Companies Act, 2013 and US GAAP FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 326 (Financial Instruments - Credit Losses / CECL)",
+  "statutorySection": "Ind AS 109 (Financial Instruments: Recognition, Measurement, and Impairment) converged with IFRS 9 and aligned with US GAAP ASC 326",
+  "successorStatute": "Companies Act, 2013 (Indian Accounting Standards)",
+  "successorSection": "Ind AS 109",
+  "title": "Financial Instruments: Classification, Measurement & Expected Credit Loss (ECL) Impairment",
+  "effectivePeriod": {
+    "validFrom": "2018-04-01",
+    "validTo": "OPEN_ENDED",
+    "annualReset": "Continuous credit loss matrix review, transition between Stage 1, 2, and 3, and forward-looking macroeconomic recalibration at quarterly and annual reporting dates",
+    "sunsetNotes": "Mandatory standard notified via MCA G.S.R. 365(E) effective FY 2018-19 onwards."
+  },
+  "plainTextSummary": "Under Ind AS 109 (converged with IFRS 9 and conceptually aligned with US GAAP ASC 326 CECL), financial assets are classified based on the entity's business model for managing them and their contractual cash flow characteristics into three measurement categories: Amortised Cost, Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI), and Fair Value through Profit or Loss (FVTPL). The standard enforces a forward-looking Expected Credit Loss (ECL) impairment model that replaces the incurred loss model of legacy Ind AS 39. For general financial assets, a 3-stage model applies: Stage 1 (12-month ECL for assets with no Significant Increase in Credit Risk / SICR since origination), Stage 2 (Lifetime ECL for assets experiencing SICR), and Stage 3 (Lifetime ECL for credit-impaired assets). For trade receivables, contract assets, and lease receivables without a significant financing component, Ind AS 109 mandates or permits a Simplified Approach using a Provision Matrix, where lifetime expected credit losses are computed across aging brackets using historical default rates adjusted for current and forward-looking economic forecasts. Under Indian Income Tax law, an ECL provision recognized in books under Ind AS 109 is a non-deductible contingent provision disallowed under Section 36(1)(vii) read with Section 40A(9) until actual irrecoverable write-off, creating a mandatory deferred tax asset (DTA) under Ind AS 12.",
+  "keyStatutoryThresholds": {
+    "stagingModelCategories": 3,
+    "simplifiedApproachPermitted": true,
+    "tradeReceivablesNoFinancingComponentSimplifiedMandatory": true,
+    "forwardLookingMacroAdjustmentMandatory": true,
+    "incomeTaxDeductibleOnProvision": false,
+    "incomeTaxDeductibleOnWriteOff": true,
+    "lossAllowanceBalanceSheetOffset": "CONTRA_ASSET_REDUCING_GROSS_RECEIVABLES"
+  },
+  "officialCitations": [
+    {
+      "authority": "Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA)",
+      "instrument": "Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 (G.S.R. 365(E))",
+      "subject": "Notification of Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments and Expected Credit Loss Framework",
+      "officialUrl": "https://www.mca.gov.in/content/mca/global/en/acts-rules/ebooks/accounting-standards.html"
+    },
+    {
+      "authority": "Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI)",
+      "instrument": "ICAI Educational Material on Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 109 Financial Instruments",
+      "subject": "Detailed practical guidance on simplified provision matrix, SICR assessment, and staging criteria",
+      "officialUrl": "https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=14323"
+    }
+  ],
+  "requiredDocumentChecklist": [
+    "Aged Trade Receivables Register segmented by billing intervals",
+    "Historical Loss Rate Computation (3-5 year observation period)",
+    "Macroeconomic Forward-Looking Calibration Note (GDP, interest rate, industry default overlay)",
+    "Credit Risk Policy & Staging Transition Criteria Documentation",
+    "Deferred Tax Asset (DTA) Reconciliation Schedule under Ind AS 12 bridging P&L provision to Section 36(1)(vii) tax add-back"
+  ],
+  "tier": "PUBLIC_COMMONS_FREE",
+  "version": "2.11.0"
+}