@mudraforge/statutory 2.10.0 → 2.12.1

package/okf/direct_tax/tds_commission_194h/section.json

@@ -13,17 +13,18 @@
   "governingStatute": "Income-tax Act, 1961 (Act No. 43 of 1961)",
   "statutorySection": "Section 194H",
   "successorStatute": "Income-tax Act, 2025",
-  "successorSection": "Section 393(1), Table 4, Item (i)",
+  "successorSection": "Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 1(ii)",
   "title": "Deduction of tax at source on commission or brokerage",
   "effectivePeriod": {
     "validFrom": "2001-06-01",
     "validTo": "2026-03-31",
     "annualReset": "Every April 1 (Cumulative Commission Resets Annually)",
-    "sunsetNotes": "Transitions to Section 393(1) Table 4 Item (i) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 effective 1 April 2026."
+    "sunsetNotes": "Transitions to Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 1(ii) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 effective 1 April 2026, where the statutory threshold increases to ₹20,000 per financial year for specified payers."
   },
-  "plainTextSummary": "Any person responsible for paying any income by way of commission or brokerage to a resident is required to deduct tax at source. Statutory Rate: 2% effective 1 October 2024 as amended by Finance (No. 2) Act, 2024 (prior to 1 October 2024, the rate was 5%). Threshold: Tax is deductible only if the aggregate amount of commission or brokerage credited or paid during the financial year exceeds ₹15,000. Statutory Exclusions: Does not apply to insurance commission (covered under Section 194D) or underwriting commission. Non-PAN penalty rate under Section 206AA is 20%. Under CBDT Circular 23/2017, where GST is separately stated, TDS applies on commission excluding GST.",
+  "plainTextSummary": "Any person responsible for paying any income by way of commission or brokerage to a resident is required to deduct tax at source. Statutory Rate: 2% effective 1 October 2024 as amended by Finance (No. 2) Act, 2024 (prior to 1 October 2024, the rate was 5%). Threshold: Under Section 194H of the 1961 Act, tax is deductible only if the aggregate amount of commission or brokerage credited or paid during the financial year exceeds ₹15,000. Under Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 1(ii) of the 2025 Act (w.e.f. 1 April 2026), the threshold increases to ₹20,000. Statutory Exclusions: Does not apply to insurance commission (covered under Section 194D / Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 1(i)) or underwriting commission. Non-PAN penalty rate under Section 206AA is 20%. Under CBDT Circular 23/2017, where GST is separately stated, TDS applies on commission excluding GST.",
   "keyStatutoryThresholds": {
     "annualAggregateThresholdInr": 15000,
+    "successorAct2025ThresholdInr": 20000,
     "standardRatePercent": 2,
     "preOct2024RatePercent": 5,
     "rateChangeEffectiveDate": "2024-10-01",
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@
     },
     {
       "authority": "Parliament of India / Ministry of Finance",
-      "instrument": "Income-tax Act, 2025 Section 393(1), Table 4, Item (i)",
+      "instrument": "Income-tax Act, 2025 Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 1(ii)",
       "subject": "TDS on commission and brokerage under new Direct Tax Code",
       "officialUrl": "https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/pages/acts/income-tax-act.aspx"
     },

package/okf/direct_tax/tds_contractor_194c/section.json

@@ -13,13 +13,13 @@
   "governingStatute": "Income-tax Act, 1961 (Act No. 43 of 1961)",
   "statutorySection": "Section 194C",
   "successorStatute": "Income-tax Act, 2025",
-  "successorSection": "Section 393(1), Table 3, Item (i)",
+  "successorSection": "Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 6(i)",
   "title": "Deduction of tax at source on payments to contractors and sub-contractors",
   "effectivePeriod": {
     "validFrom": "1972-04-01",
     "validTo": "2026-03-31",
     "annualReset": "Every April 1 (Cumulative Invoices Reset Annually)",
-    "sunsetNotes": "Transitions to Section 393(1) Table 3 Item (i) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 effective 1 April 2026."
+    "sunsetNotes": "Transitions to Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 6(i) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 effective 1 April 2026."
   },
   "plainTextSummary": "Any person responsible for paying any sum to a resident contractor for carrying out any work (including supply of labour for carrying out any work) in pursuance of a contract between the contractor and a specified person must deduct tax at source. Statutory Rates: (a) 1% where the payment is being made or credited to an individual or a Hindu Undivided Family (HUF); (b) 2% where the payment is being made or credited to any person other than an individual or a HUF (companies, partnership firms, LLPs, AOPs, BOIs). Thresholds: Tax is deductible if a single contract or invoice exceeds ₹30,000, OR if the aggregate of amounts paid or credited to the contractor during the financial year exceeds ₹1,00,000. Transport Operator Exemption: Under Section 194C(6), no deduction shall be made from any sum credited or paid to a contractor during the course of business of plying, hiring, or leasing goods carriages, where such contractor owns 10 or fewer goods carriages at any time during the previous year and furnishes a declaration to that effect along with their PAN. Non-PAN penalty rate under Section 206AA is 20%.",
   "keyStatutoryThresholds": {
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
     },
     {
       "authority": "Parliament of India / Ministry of Finance",
-      "instrument": "Income-tax Act, 2025 Section 393(1), Table 3, Item (i)",
+      "instrument": "Income-tax Act, 2025 Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 6(i)",
       "subject": "TDS on contractor payments under new Direct Tax Code",
       "officialUrl": "https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/pages/acts/income-tax-act.aspx"
     },

package/okf/direct_tax/tds_ecommerce_194o/circulars/cbdt_circular_20_2020_guidelines_194o.md

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+---
+id: cbdt_circular_20_2020_guidelines_194o
+title: CBDT Circular No. 20 of 2020 — Guidelines under Section 194-O and Section 206C(1H)
+authority: Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)
+date: 2020-09-29
+statutory_section: Section 194O
+valid_from: 2020-10-01
+valid_to: OPEN_ENDED
+temporal_status: ACTIVE
+official_url: https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/pages/communications/circulars.aspx?year=2020
+---
+
+# CBDT Circular No. 20 of 2020: Guidelines under Section 194-O of the Income-tax Act, 1961
+
+## 1. Statutory Objective
+Section 194-O was inserted by the Finance Act, 2020 with effect from 1 October 2020 to bring digital marketplace sellers within the tax deduction net.
+
+## 2. Applicability & Scope of Gross Amount
+An e-commerce operator must deduct tax at source at the time of credit of amount of sale or service to the account of an e-commerce participant or at the time of payment thereof, whichever is earlier.
+* Under the Explanation to Section 194-O(1), any payment made directly by a purchaser of goods or recipient of services to an e-commerce participant shall be deemed to be an amount credited or paid by the e-commerce operator.
+* Tax must be deducted on the gross amount of sales or provision of services.
+
+## 3. Statutory Rates & Threshold Exemption
+* **Standard Rate**:
+  * Prior to 1 October 2024: 1.0%
+  * On or after 1 October 2024: 0.1% (Amended by Finance (No. 2) Act, 2024)
+* **Missing PAN**: Where the e-commerce participant does not furnish PAN/Aadhaar, tax is deductible at 5.0% under the second proviso to Section 206AA(1).
+* **De Minimis Threshold**:
+  * Individual / HUF: Exempt if gross turnover through the operator does not exceed ₹5,00,000 in the financial year and PAN is furnished.
+  * Companies, LLPs, Firms: No threshold exemption; tax applies from the first rupee.
+
+## 4. Statutory Precedence over Section 194Q and Section 206C(1H)
+Under sub-section (3) of Section 194-O read with sub-section (5) of Section 194Q and Section 206C(1H):
+* If tax is deducted or deductible under Section 194-O, no tax shall be deducted under Section 194Q by the buyer.
+* Similarly, no tax shall be collected by the seller under Section 206C(1H).
+* Section 194-O takes statutory precedence over all goods transaction withholding and collection provisions.

package/okf/direct_tax/tds_ecommerce_194o/forms/form_26q_ecommerce_schedule.json

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "title": "Form 26Q Section 194O E-Commerce Operator TDS Schedule",
+  "description": "Statutory reporting schedule for e-commerce operators deducting tax on marketplace participants under Section 194O",
+  "type": "object",
+  "required": [
+    "operatorTan",
+    "financialYear",
+    "quarter",
+    "participantPan",
+    "participantEntityType",
+    "grossAmountOfSalesOrServices",
+    "dateOfCreditOrPayment",
+    "rateOfTdsPercent",
+    "tdsDeductedInr",
+    "challanDetails"
+  ],
+  "properties": {
+    "operatorTan": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^[A-Z]{4}[0-9]{5}[A-Z]{1}$"
+    },
+    "financialYear": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^20[2-9][0-9]-20[2-9][0-9]$"
+    },
+    "quarter": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "enum": ["Q1", "Q2", "Q3", "Q4"]
+    },
+    "participantPan": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^[A-Z]{5}[0-9]{4}[A-Z]{1}$"
+    },
+    "participantEntityType": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "enum": ["INDIVIDUAL_HUF", "COMPANY", "PARTNERSHIP_FIRM", "LLP", "OTHER"]
+    },
+    "grossAmountOfSalesOrServices": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "minimum": 0
+    },
+    "directPurchaserPaymentDeemed": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "minimum": 0,
+      "description": "Portion paid directly by buyer to seller deemed paid by operator u/s 194O(1) explanation"
+    },
+    "dateOfCreditOrPayment": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}$"
+    },
+    "rateOfTdsPercent": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "enum": [0.0, 0.1, 1.0, 5.0]
+    },
+    "tdsDeductedInr": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "minimum": 0
+    },
+    "reasonForLowerOrNonDeduction": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "enum": ["A", "Y", "NONE"],
+      "description": "A: Section 197 certificate, Y: Individual/HUF below ₹5 Lakh threshold, NONE: Standard"
+    },
+    "challanDetails": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["bsrCode", "dateOfChallan", "challanSerialNumber"],
+      "properties": {
+        "bsrCode": { "type": "string", "pattern": "^[0-9]{7}$" },
+        "dateOfChallan": { "type": "string", "pattern": "^\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}$" },
+        "challanSerialNumber": { "type": "string" }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

package/okf/direct_tax/tds_ecommerce_194o/section.json

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+{
+  "sectionId": "ITA1961_SEC194O",
+  "sectionCode": "194O",
+  "aliases": [
+    "194O",
+    "194o",
+    "sec194o",
+    "section 194o",
+    "ecommerce tds",
+    "tds on ecommerce",
+    "e-commerce operator",
+    "marketplace tds",
+    "digital platform tds"
+  ],
+  "governingStatute": "Income-tax Act, 1961 (Act No. 43 of 1961)",
+  "statutorySection": "Section 194O",
+  "successorStatute": "Income-tax Act, 2025",
+  "successorSection": "Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 8(i)",
+  "title": "Payment of certain sums by e-commerce operator to e-commerce participant",
+  "effectivePeriod": {
+    "validFrom": "2020-10-01",
+    "validTo": "2026-03-31",
+    "annualReset": "Every April 1 (Cumulative Platform Sales Reset Annually)",
+    "sunsetNotes": "Rate reduced from 1% to 0.1% w.e.f. 1 October 2024 by Finance (No. 2) Act, 2024. Transitions to Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 8(i) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 effective 1 April 2026."
+  },
+  "plainTextSummary": "Every e-commerce operator facilitating the sale of goods or provision of services through its digital or electronic platform must deduct income-tax at source on the gross amount of such sales or services credited or paid to a resident e-commerce participant. Statutory Rate: (a) 1.0% prior to 1 October 2024; (b) 0.1% on or after 1 October 2024 (as amended by Finance (No. 2) Act, 2024). In the absence of a valid PAN or where PAN is inoperative, tax is deductible at 5.0% under Section 206AA(1). De Minimis Exemption: No deduction is required if the participant is a resident Individual or HUF, the gross amount of sales/services through the operator does not exceed ₹5,00,000 in the financial year, and the participant has furnished their PAN/Aadhaar. Corporate, LLP, and partnership participants have zero threshold (TDS applies from ₹1). Section 194O has statutory precedence: transactions subject to Section 194O are exempt from Section 194Q buyer TDS and Section 206C(1H) seller TCS.",
+  "keyStatutoryThresholds": {
+    "individualHufAnnualThresholdInr": 500000,
+    "corporateNonIndividualThresholdInr": 0,
+    "preOctober2024RatePercent": 1.0,
+    "postOctober2024RatePercent": 0.1,
+    "nonCompliantPanPenaltyRatePercent": 5.0,
+    "statutoryPrecedenceRule": "Section 194O overrides Section 194Q and Section 206C(1H). Transactions subjected to 194O are exempt from buyer TDS and seller TCS.",
+    "taxableBaseScope": "Deductible on gross amount of sales or provision of services facilitated by operator, including deemed direct purchaser-to-seller settlements."
+  },
+  "officialCitations": [
+    {
+      "authority": "Ministry of Law & Justice / CBDT",
+      "instrument": "Section 194O, Income-tax Act, 1961",
+      "subject": "Deduction of tax at source on payments by e-commerce operators",
+      "officialUrl": "https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/pages/acts/income-tax-act.aspx"
+    },
+    {
+      "authority": "Parliament of India / Ministry of Finance",
+      "instrument": "Income-tax Act, 2025 Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 8(i)",
+      "subject": "TDS on e-commerce operators under new Direct Tax Code",
+      "officialUrl": "https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/pages/acts/income-tax-act.aspx"
+    },
+    {
+      "authority": "Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)",
+      "instrument": "Circular No. 20 of 2020 (Dated 29 September 2020)",
+      "subject": "Guidelines under Section 194O and Section 206C(1H) - Precedence and gross amount computation",
+      "officialUrl": "https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/pages/communications/circulars.aspx?year=2020"
+    }
+  ],
+  "requiredDocumentChecklist": [
+    "E-commerce Participant Platform Merchant Agreement",
+    "Permanent Account Number (PAN) / Aadhaar verification of participant on ITD portal",
+    "Cumulative Gross Sales Ledger for current FY establishing ₹5,00,000 threshold for Individuals/HUFs",
+    "Gross GMV settlement statements reconciling payment gateway direct payouts with platform gross sales",
+    "Lower deduction certificate under Section 197 / Section 395 (if participant furnishes certificate)"
+  ],
+  "tier": "PUBLIC_COMMONS_FREE",
+  "version": "2.11.0"
+}

package/okf/direct_tax/tds_goods_194q/circulars/cbdt_circular_13_2021_guidelines.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ statutory_section: Section 194Q
 valid_from: 2021-07-01
 valid_to: 2026-03-31
 temporal_status: TRANSITIONED_TO_ACT_2025
-sunset_notes: Governed transactions under Income-tax Act, 1961 until 31 March 2026. Substantive guidelines (excess over ₹50L calculation, advance payment netting, and non-resident PE exclusion) continue under Section 393(1) Table 8(ii) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 effective 1 April 2026.
+sunset_notes: Governed transactions under Income-tax Act, 1961 until 31 March 2026. Substantive guidelines (excess over ₹50L calculation, advance payment netting, and non-resident PE exclusion) continue under Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 8(ii) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 effective 1 April 2026.
 subject: Threshold calculation, advance payment netting, and non-resident exemption
 official_url: https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/w/circular-no.-13/2021-guidelines-under-section-194q-of-the-income-tax-act-1961
 ---
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ official_url: https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/w/circular-no.-13/2021-guideline
 > **Valid To**: 31 March 2026 (Income-tax Act, 1961)  
 > **Temporal Status**: TRANSITIONED_TO_ACT_2025  
 > **Annual Reset**: Every April 1 (Cumulative ₹50L purchase threshold resets annually)  
-> **Successor Act Transition**: Governed Section 194Q until 31 March 2026; substantive guidance transitions to Section 393(1), Table 8, Item (ii) of Income-tax Act, 2025 on 1 April 2026.  
+> **Successor Act Transition**: Governed Section 194Q until 31 March 2026; substantive guidance transitions to Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 8(ii) of Income-tax Act, 2025 on 1 April 2026.  
 > **Statutory Notice**: This document is a structured machine-readable distillation of CBDT Circular No. 13 of 2021 for automated compliance reasoning, citing primary statutory authority.
 
 # CBDT Circular No. 13 of 2021: Statutory Clarifications on Section 194Q

package/okf/direct_tax/tds_goods_194q/section.json

@@ -12,15 +12,15 @@
   "governingStatute": "Income-tax Act, 1961 (Act No. 43 of 1961)",
   "statutorySection": "Section 194Q",
   "successorStatute": "Income-tax Act, 2025",
-  "successorSection": "Section 393(1), Table 8, Item (ii)",
+  "successorSection": "Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 8(ii)",
   "title": "Deduction of tax at source on payment of a certain sum for purchase of goods",
   "effectivePeriod": {
     "validFrom": "2021-07-01",
     "validTo": "2026-03-31",
     "annualReset": "Every April 1 (Cumulative Purchases Reset Annually)",
-    "sunsetNotes": "Transitions to Section 393(1) Table 8(ii) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 effective 1 April 2026."
+    "sunsetNotes": "Transitions to Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 8(ii) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 effective 1 April 2026."
   },
-  "plainTextSummary": "Any buyer whose total sales, gross receipts, or turnover from business exceeds ₹10 Crore in the preceding financial year, responsible for paying any sum to a resident seller for purchase of goods exceeding ₹50 Lakhs in the current financial year, must deduct 0.1% TDS on the amount exceeding ₹50 Lakhs at the time of credit to seller account or payment, whichever is earlier.",
+  "plainTextSummary": "Any buyer whose total sales, gross receipts, or turnover from business exceeds ₹10 Crore in the preceding financial year, responsible for paying any sum to a resident seller for purchase of goods exceeding ₹50 Lakhs in the current financial year, must deduct 0.1% TDS on the amount exceeding ₹50 Lakhs at the time of credit to seller account or payment, whichever is earlier. Under the Income-tax Act, 2025 (w.e.f. 1 April 2026), this provision continues under Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 8(ii).",
   "keyStatutoryThresholds": {
     "buyerPriorYearTurnoverCr": 10,
     "annualPurchaseThresholdInr": 5000000,
@@ -29,6 +29,12 @@
     "taxableBaseScope": "Tax is deductible strictly on the excess over ₹50 Lakhs, NOT on the aggregate gross turnover."
   },
   "officialCitations": [
+    {
+      "authority": "Parliament of India / Ministry of Finance",
+      "instrument": "Income-tax Act, 2025 Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 8(ii)",
+      "subject": "TDS on purchase of goods under new Direct Tax Code",
+      "officialUrl": "https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/pages/acts/income-tax-act.aspx"
+    },
     {
       "authority": "Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)",
       "instrument": "Circular No. 13 of 2021 (Dated 30 June 2021)",

package/okf/direct_tax/tds_goods_393/section.json

@@ -7,22 +7,24 @@
     "section 393",
     "sec393",
     "sec 393",
+    "393(1)(table 1)(sl 8)(ii)",
     "393(1)(table 8)(ii)",
+    "ITA2025_SEC393_TABLE1_SL8_II",
     "goods tds 2025",
     "purchase of goods 2025"
   ],
   "governingStatute": "Income-tax Act, 2025 (Act No. 1 of 2025)",
-  "statutorySection": "Section 393(1), Table 8, Item (ii)",
+  "statutorySection": "Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 8(ii)",
   "predecessorStatute": "Income-tax Act, 1961",
   "predecessorSection": "Section 194Q",
-  "title": "Deduction of tax at source on payment of a certain sum for purchase of goods",
+  "title": "Deduction of tax at source on payment of a certain sum for purchase of goods (Table 1, Sl. No. 8(ii))",
   "effectivePeriod": {
     "validFrom": "2026-04-01",
     "validTo": "OPEN_ENDED",
     "annualReset": "Every April 1 (Cumulative Purchases Reset Annually)",
     "sunsetNotes": "In force from 1 April 2026 as statutory successor to Section 194Q of the Income-tax Act, 1961."
   },
-  "plainTextSummary": "Under Section 393(1) Table 8 Item (ii) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 (effective 1 April 2026), any buyer whose total sales, gross receipts, or turnover from business exceeds ₹10 Crore in the preceding financial year, responsible for paying any sum to a resident seller for purchase of goods exceeding ₹50 Lakhs in the current financial year, must deduct 0.1% TDS on the amount exceeding ₹50 Lakhs at the time of credit to seller account or payment, whichever is earlier. Penalty rate under Section 397(2) Proviso is 5% if PAN is not furnished or is inoperative.",
+  "plainTextSummary": "Under Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 8(ii) of the Income-tax Act, 2025 (effective 1 April 2026), any buyer whose total sales, gross receipts, or turnover from business exceeds ₹10 Crore in the preceding financial year, responsible for paying any sum to a resident seller for purchase of goods exceeding ₹50 Lakhs in the current financial year, must deduct 0.1% TDS on the amount exceeding ₹50 Lakhs at the time of credit to seller account or payment, whichever is earlier. Penalty rate under Section 397(2) Proviso is 5% if PAN is not furnished or is inoperative.",
   "keyStatutoryThresholds": {
     "buyerPriorYearTurnoverCr": 10,
     "annualPurchaseThresholdInr": 5000000,
@@ -33,7 +35,7 @@
   "officialCitations": [
     {
       "authority": "Parliament of India / Ministry of Finance",
-      "instrument": "Income-tax Act, 2025 Section 393(1), Table 8, Item (ii)",
+      "instrument": "Income-tax Act, 2025 Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 8(ii)",
       "subject": "TDS on purchase of goods exceeding ₹50 Lakhs",
       "officialUrl": "https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/pages/acts/income-tax-act.aspx"
     },

package/okf/direct_tax/tds_individual_contract_194m/circulars/finance_act_2024_194m_rate_cut_memo.md

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+---
+id: finance_act_2024_194m_rate_cut_memo
+title: Reduction of Rate of Tax Deduction at Source under Section 194M
+authority: Ministry of Finance / Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)
+date: 2024-08-16
+statutory_section: 194M
+valid_from: 2024-10-01
+valid_to: OPEN_ENDED
+temporal_status: ACTIVE
+official_url: https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/pages/acts/income-tax-act.aspx
+---
+
+# Finance (No. 2) Act, 2024 — Section 194M Rate Rationalization
+
+## 1. Statutory Scope
+Section 194M was introduced by Finance (No. 2) Act, 2019 to bring large contractual, commission, and professional payments made by individuals and HUFs (not covered by 194C, 194H, or 194J) exceeding INR 50 Lakhs in a financial year within the tax deduction at source net.
+
+## 2. Rationalized Statutory Rate
+Under the amendments introduced by the Finance (No. 2) Act, 2024:
+- Pre-1 October 2024 Rate: 5.0%
+- W.e.f. 1 October 2024 Rate: 2.0%
+
+## 3. Compliance Mechanism
+Deductors do not require a Tax Deduction Account Number (TAN) and discharge withholding liability using Permanent Account Numbers (PANs) of deductor and payee through Form 26QD.

package/okf/direct_tax/tds_individual_contract_194m/forms/form_26qd_contractor_statement.json

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "title": "Form 26QD Section 194M Contractor/Professional Challan-Cum-Statement",
+  "description": "Statutory return and challan-cum-statement for payment of tax deducted on contractual, brokerage, or professional fees under Section 194M",
+  "type": "object",
+  "required": [
+    "financialYear",
+    "deductorPan",
+    "payeePan",
+    "paymentCategory",
+    "cumulativePaymentAmountInr",
+    "currentPaymentAmountInr",
+    "dateOfCreditOrPayment",
+    "rateOfTdsPercent",
+    "tdsDeductedInr"
+  ],
+  "properties": {
+    "financialYear": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^20[2-9][0-9]-20[2-9][0-9]$"
+    },
+    "deductorPan": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^[A-Z]{5}[0-9]{4}[A-Z]{1}$"
+    },
+    "payeePan": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^[A-Z]{5}[0-9]{4}[A-Z]{1}$"
+    },
+    "paymentCategory": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "enum": ["CONTRACT_WORK_194C_NATURE", "COMMISSION_BROKERAGE_194H_NATURE", "PROFESSIONAL_FEES_194J_NATURE"]
+    },
+    "cumulativePaymentAmountInr": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "minimum": 0
+    },
+    "currentPaymentAmountInr": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "minimum": 0
+    },
+    "dateOfCreditOrPayment": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}$"
+    },
+    "rateOfTdsPercent": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "enum": [0.0, 2.0, 5.0, 20.0]
+    },
+    "tdsDeductedInr": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "minimum": 0
+    },
+    "challanDetails": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "properties": {
+        "bsrCode": { "type": "string", "pattern": "^[0-9]{7}$" },
+        "dateOfChallan": { "type": "string", "pattern": "^\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}$" },
+        "challanSerialNumber": { "type": "string" },
+        "cin": { "type": "string" }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

package/okf/direct_tax/tds_individual_contract_194m/section.json

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+{
+  "sectionId": "ITA1961_SEC194M",
+  "sectionCode": "194M",
+  "aliases": [
+    "194M",
+    "194m",
+    "sec194m",
+    "section 194m",
+    "contractor tds individual",
+    "professional fees individual",
+    "form 26qd",
+    "form 16d"
+  ],
+  "governingStatute": "Income-tax Act, 1961 (Act No. 43 of 1961)",
+  "statutorySection": "Section 194M",
+  "successorStatute": "Income-tax Act, 2025",
+  "successorSection": "Section 393(1), Table 1, Sl. No. 6(i) / 6(iii) / 1(ii)",
+  "title": "Payment of Certain Sums by Certain Individuals or Hindu Undivided Family (Section 194M)",
+  "effectivePeriod": {
+    "validFrom": "2019-09-01",
+    "validTo": "2026-03-31",
+    "annualReset": "Every April 1 (Cumulative ₹50 Lakh Threshold)",
+    "sunsetNotes": "Transitions to Section 393(1), Table 1 of the Income-tax Act, 2025 effective 1 April 2026."
+  },
+  "plainTextSummary": "Any person, being an individual or a Hindu undivided family (other than those who are required to deduct income-tax as per the provisions of section 194C, section 194H or section 194J), responsible for paying any sum to any resident for carrying out any work (including supply of labour) in pursuance of a contract, by way of commission or brokerage, or by way of fees for professional services during the financial year, shall deduct an amount equal to 2% (reduced from 5% w.e.f. 1 October 2024 by Finance (No. 2) Act, 2024) if such sum or aggregate of sums exceeds fifty lakh rupees in a financial year.",
+  "keyStatutoryThresholds": {
+    "annualAggregateThresholdInr": 5000000,
+    "historicalRatePercent": 5,
+    "amendedRatePercent": 2,
+    "rateAmendmentEffectiveDate": "2024-10-01",
+    "inoperativePanPenaltyRatePercent": 20,
+    "tanRequirement": "No TAN required. Payment is remitted using PAN via Form 26QD within 30 days of the end of the month of deduction."
+  },
+  "officialCitations": [
+    {
+      "authority": "Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)",
+      "instrument": "Circular No. 18 of 2019 / Notification No. 98/2019",
+      "subject": "Procedure for deduction and deposit of tax under Section 194M via Form 26QD and Form 16D",
+      "officialUrl": "https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/communications/notification/notification_98_2019.pdf"
+    },
+    {
+      "authority": "Ministry of Finance",
+      "instrument": "Finance (No. 2) Act, 2024 Memo",
+      "subject": "Rationalization of TDS rates under Section 194M from 5% to 2% effective 1 October 2024",
+      "officialUrl": "https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/pages/acts/income-tax-act.aspx"
+    }
+  ],
+  "requiredDocumentChecklist": [
+    "Work Contract / Commission Agreement / Professional Engagement Letter",
+    "Invoices or payment vouchers issued by contractor/professional",
+    "Permanent Account Number (PAN) of Contractor / Professional / Broker",
+    "Permanent Account Number (PAN) of Deductor (Individual / HUF)",
+    "Form 26QD Challan-cum-statement payment acknowledgement",
+    "Form 16D TDS Certificate issued to Payee"
+  ],
+  "tier": "PUBLIC_COMMONS_FREE",
+  "version": "2.11.0"
+}

package/okf/direct_tax/tds_interest_194a/circulars/cbdt_circular_03_2010_interest_tds.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+---
+id: cbdt_circular_03_2010_interest_tds
+title: CBDT Circular No. 03 of 2010 — TDS on Interest Payments other than Securities
+authority: Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)
+date: 2010-03-02
+statutory_section: Section 194A
+valid_from: 2010-03-02
+valid_to: OPEN_ENDED
+temporal_status: ACTIVE
+official_url: https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/pages/communications/circulars.aspx?year=2010
+---
+
+# CBDT Circular No. 03 of 2010: Deduction of Tax at Source under Section 194A
+
+## 1. Statutory Background
+Section 194A of the Income-tax Act, 1961 mandates the deduction of income-tax at source from payment of any income by way of interest other than "Interest on securities" to a resident.
+
+## 2. Applicability & Withholding Thresholds
+Tax is deductible at the time of credit of such income to the account of the payee (including interest accrued and credited to "Interest payable account" or "Suspense account") or at the time of payment in cash or by issue of a cheque or draft or by any other mode, whichever is earlier.
+
+* **Commercial Borrowings, Vendor Delayed Payments, and Inter-Corporate Deposits (ICDs)**: Threshold of ₹5,000 per financial year.
+* **Banking Companies, Co-operative Banks, and Post Office Deposits**: Threshold of ₹40,000 per financial year (₹50,000 in case of a resident Senior Citizen).
+
+## 3. Interaction with MSMED Act, 2006 (Section 16 & Section 23)
+Where a buyer fails to make payment to a Micro or Small enterprise within the statutory period under Section 15 of the MSMED Act, 2006, penal compound interest with monthly rests is payable under Section 16 of the MSMED Act.
+* Such payment falls within the definition of "interest" under Section 2(28A) of the Income-tax Act, 1961.
+* If the cumulative interest in the financial year exceeds ₹5,000, tax must be withheld under Section 194A at 10% (or 20% in the absence of PAN under Section 206AA).
+* **Mandatory Disallowance**: Under Section 23 of the MSMED Act, 2006, notwithstanding anything contained in the Income-tax Act, 1961, the amount of interest payable or paid by any buyer under Section 16 shall not be allowed as deduction in computing the taxable income of such buyer.

package/okf/direct_tax/tds_interest_194a/forms/form_15g_15h_interest_declaration.json

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "title": "Form 15G / Form 15H Self-Declaration Schema (Section 197A / Section 194A)",
+  "description": "Statutory self-declaration by resident payee claiming receipt of interest income without deduction of tax",
+  "type": "object",
+  "required": [
+    "declarantName",
+    "declarantPan",
+    "declarationFormType",
+    "financialYear",
+    "estimatedTotalIncome",
+    "estimatedInterestIncome",
+    "verificationConfirmed"
+  ],
+  "properties": {
+    "declarantName": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Full legal name of the individual / senior citizen declarant"
+    },
+    "declarantPan": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^[A-Z]{5}[0-9]{4}[A-Z]{1}$",
+      "description": "Permanent Account Number of the declarant"
+    },
+    "declarationFormType": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "enum": ["FORM_15G", "FORM_15H"],
+      "description": "Form 15G (Resident Individual below 60 years / HUF) or Form 15H (Senior Citizen aged 60 years or above)"
+    },
+    "financialYear": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^20[2-9][0-9]-20[2-9][0-9]$",
+      "description": "Financial year for which declaration is made"
+    },
+    "estimatedTotalIncome": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "minimum": 0,
+      "description": "Estimated total income of the declarant for the FY (For 15G, must not exceed basic exemption limit)"
+    },
+    "estimatedInterestIncome": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "minimum": 0,
+      "description": "Estimated interest income to which this declaration relates"
+    },
+    "uniqueIdentificationNumber": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "UIN allotted by the deductor upon upload to ITD portal"
+    },
+    "verificationConfirmed": {
+      "type": "boolean",
+      "const": true,
+      "description": "Statutory attestation that the statements are true and correct"
+    }
+  }
+}

package/okf/direct_tax/tds_interest_194a/forms/form_26q_interest_schedule.json

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "title": "Form 26Q Section 194A Quarterly TDS Schedule",
+  "description": "Statutory reporting schedule for interest payments other than interest on securities under Section 194A",
+  "type": "object",
+  "required": [
+    "deductorTan",
+    "financialYear",
+    "quarter",
+    "deducteePan",
+    "sectionCode",
+    "amountCreditedOrPaid",
+    "dateOfPaymentOrCredit",
+    "rateOfTds",
+    "tdsDeducted",
+    "challanDetails"
+  ],
+  "properties": {
+    "deductorTan": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^[A-Z]{4}[0-9]{5}[A-Z]{1}$"
+    },
+    "financialYear": {
+      "type": "string"
+    },
+    "quarter": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "enum": ["Q1", "Q2", "Q3", "Q4"]
+    },
+    "deducteePan": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^[A-Z]{5}[0-9]{4}[A-Z]{1}$"
+    },
+    "sectionCode": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "enum": ["194A", "94A"]
+    },
+    "amountCreditedOrPaid": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "minimum": 0
+    },
+    "dateOfPaymentOrCredit": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}$"
+    },
+    "rateOfTds": {
+      "type": "number"
+    },
+    "tdsDeducted": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "minimum": 0
+    },
+    "isMsmePenalInterest": {
+      "type": "boolean",
+      "description": "Flag indicating whether payment represents Section 16 MSMED interest"
+    },
+    "reasonForLowerOrNonDeduction": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "enum": ["A", "B", "C", "Y", "S", "NONE"],
+      "description": "A: Lower deduction u/s 197, B: 15G/15H, C: 197A(1F), Y: Threshold exempt, NONE: Standard"
+    },
+    "challanDetails": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["bsrCode", "dateOfChallan", "challanSerialNumber"],
+      "properties": {
+        "bsrCode": { "type": "string", "pattern": "^[0-9]{7}$" },
+        "dateOfChallan": { "type": "string", "pattern": "^\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}$" },
+        "challanSerialNumber": { "type": "string" }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}