@mudraforge/statutory 2.10.0 → 2.12.1
This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
- package/CHANGELOG.md +214 -0
- package/CONTRIBUTING.md +3 -2
- package/README.md +42 -39
- package/SECURITY.md +2 -2
- package/SKILL.md +1 -1
- package/bin/cli.js +288 -29
- package/docs/ACCOUNTING_ASSURANCE_AUDIT_DOSSIER.md +276 -0
- package/docs/ARCHITECTURE.md +14 -14
- package/docs/ARCHITECTURE_DECISIONS.md +3 -3
- package/docs/CASE_01_FORM_TEXT.txt +48 -0
- package/docs/CATALOG.md +877 -111
- package/docs/CA_PILOT_BENCHMARK_CASES.md +282 -0
- package/docs/CORPUS_QUALITY.md +33 -16
- package/docs/DATA_LICENSING.md +1 -1
- package/docs/DOMAIN_BREADTH_AND_DEPTH_COMPARISON.md +36 -34
- package/docs/OKF_MAINTENANCE_SOP.md +12 -12
- package/docs/PROVENANCE.md +2 -2
- package/docs/VERIFICATION.md +6 -6
- package/okf/corporate_ma_restructuring/business_combinations_indas_103/circulars/mca_notification_indas_103_business_combinations.md +41 -0
- package/okf/corporate_ma_restructuring/business_combinations_indas_103/forms/purchase_price_allocation_schedule.json +110 -0
- package/okf/corporate_ma_restructuring/business_combinations_indas_103/section.json +65 -0
- package/okf/corporate_ma_restructuring/impairment_of_assets_indas_36/circulars/mca_notification_indas_36_impairment.md +45 -0
- package/okf/corporate_ma_restructuring/impairment_of_assets_indas_36/forms/cgu_impairment_testing_register.json +53 -0
- package/okf/corporate_ma_restructuring/impairment_of_assets_indas_36/section.json +61 -0
- package/okf/corporate_ma_restructuring/share_based_payments_indas_102/circulars/icai_guidance_share_based_payments.md +37 -0
- package/okf/corporate_ma_restructuring/share_based_payments_indas_102/forms/esop_graded_vesting_amortization_schedule.json +49 -0
- package/okf/corporate_ma_restructuring/share_based_payments_indas_102/section.json +60 -0
- package/okf/corporate_ma_restructuring/tax_clearance_sec281/circulars/cbdt_circular_04_2011_sec281_clearance.md +57 -0
- package/okf/corporate_ma_restructuring/tax_clearance_sec281/forms/form_281_tax_clearance_application.json +42 -0
- package/okf/corporate_ma_restructuring/tax_clearance_sec281/section.json +70 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/income_taxes_deferred_tax_indas_12/circulars/mca_notification_indas_12_income_taxes.md +40 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/income_taxes_deferred_tax_indas_12/forms/deferred_tax_asset_liability_reconciliation_schedule.json +46 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/income_taxes_deferred_tax_indas_12/section.json +61 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/statutory_disallowance_43b/circulars/supreme_court_checkmate_services_2022.md +64 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/statutory_disallowance_43b/forms/tax_audit_form_3cd_clause_26_schedule.json +71 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/statutory_disallowance_43b/section.json +77 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_commission_194h/section.json +5 -4
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_contractor_194c/section.json +3 -3
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_ecommerce_194o/circulars/cbdt_circular_20_2020_guidelines_194o.md +36 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_ecommerce_194o/forms/form_26q_ecommerce_schedule.json +75 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_ecommerce_194o/section.json +65 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_goods_194q/circulars/cbdt_circular_13_2021_guidelines.md +2 -2
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_goods_194q/section.json +9 -3
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_goods_393/section.json +6 -4
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_individual_contract_194m/circulars/finance_act_2024_194m_rate_cut_memo.md +24 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_individual_contract_194m/forms/form_26qd_contractor_statement.json +64 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_individual_contract_194m/section.json +58 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_interest_194a/circulars/cbdt_circular_03_2010_interest_tds.md +28 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_interest_194a/forms/form_15g_15h_interest_declaration.json +55 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_interest_194a/forms/form_26q_interest_schedule.json +72 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_interest_194a/section.json +67 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_perquisites_194r/forms/form_26q_perquisites_schedule.json +83 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_perquisites_194r/section.json +2 -2
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_property_194ia/circulars/cbdt_notification_67_2022_property_tds.md +57 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_property_194ia/forms/form_26qb_property_tds_challan.json +43 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_property_194ia/section.json +73 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_rent_194i/section.json +5 -4
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_rent_individual_194ib/circulars/finance_act_2024_rent_rate_cut_memo.md +24 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_rent_individual_194ib/forms/form_26qc_challan_cum_statement.json +74 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_rent_individual_194ib/section.json +57 -0
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_services_194j/circulars/cbdt_circular_03_2020_fts_rate_cut.md +1 -1
- package/okf/direct_tax/tds_services_194j/section.json +10 -3
- package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/common_itc_reversal_rule42_43/circulars/cbic_circular_170_2022_itc_reporting.md +30 -0
- package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/common_itc_reversal_rule42_43/circulars/cbic_notification_18_2022_cutoff_amendment.md +26 -0
- package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/common_itc_reversal_rule42_43/forms/gstr_3b_table_4b1_reversal_schedule.json +101 -0
- package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/common_itc_reversal_rule42_43/forms/rule_42_43_annual_reconciliation_worksheet.json +87 -0
- package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/common_itc_reversal_rule42_43/section.json +65 -0
- package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/itc_reversal_rule37_37a/circulars/cbic_circular_192_2023_ecl_interest_calculation.md +36 -0
- package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/itc_reversal_rule37_37a/circulars/cbic_notification_19_2022_rule37.md +31 -0
- package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/itc_reversal_rule37_37a/forms/gstr_3b_table_4b_reversal.json +81 -0
- package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/itc_reversal_rule37_37a/section.json +71 -0
- package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/rcm_liability_sec9_3/circulars/cbic_notification_07_2025_composition_rent_exclusion.md +41 -0
- package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/rcm_liability_sec9_3/circulars/cbic_notification_09_2024_renting_rcm.md +37 -0
- package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/rcm_liability_sec9_3/circulars/gst_council_55th_meeting_renting_rcm_regularization.md +31 -0
- package/okf/indirect_tax_gst/rcm_liability_sec9_3/section.json +24 -2
- package/okf/international_tax/financial_instruments_ecl_indas_109/circulars/mca_notification_indas_109_financial_instruments.md +43 -0
- package/okf/international_tax/financial_instruments_ecl_indas_109/forms/indas_109_ecl_provision_matrix_schedule.json +43 -0
- package/okf/international_tax/financial_instruments_ecl_indas_109/section.json +62 -0
- package/okf/manifest.json +108 -15
- package/okf/msme_commercial/lease_accounting_indas_116/circulars/mca_notification_indas_116_leases.md +48 -0
- package/okf/msme_commercial/lease_accounting_indas_116/forms/lease_rou_asset_and_liability_schedule.json +55 -0
- package/okf/msme_commercial/lease_accounting_indas_116/section.json +67 -0
- package/okf/msme_commercial/provisions_contingencies_indas_37/circulars/mca_notification_indas_37_provisions.md +36 -0
- package/okf/msme_commercial/provisions_contingencies_indas_37/forms/provisions_and_contingent_liabilities_register.json +38 -0
- package/okf/msme_commercial/provisions_contingencies_indas_37/section.json +61 -0
- package/okf/msme_commercial/revenue_recognition_indas_115/circulars/mca_notification_indas_115_revenue_contracts.md +56 -0
- package/okf/msme_commercial/revenue_recognition_indas_115/forms/revenue_contract_5step_allocation_schedule.json +54 -0
- package/okf/msme_commercial/revenue_recognition_indas_115/section.json +69 -0
- package/package.json +7 -1
- package/src/calculators.js +7898 -638
- package/src/constants.js +1 -1
- package/src/index.js +604 -23
- package/src/tally.js +812 -0
- package/src/zoho_gstr2b.js +2964 -0
- package/types/index.d.ts +516 -0
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{
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"sectionId": "INDAS_116_ASC_842_LEASES",
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"sectionCode": "INDAS-116-ASC-842",
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"aliases": [
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"Ind AS 116",
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"IFRS 16",
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"ASC 842",
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"lease accounting",
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"ROU asset",
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"right of use asset",
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"lease liability",
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"incremental borrowing rate",
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"IBR",
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"operating lease capitalization",
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"finance lease",
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"lessee accounting"
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],
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"governingStatute": "Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 read with Section 133 of Companies Act, 2013 and US GAAP FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 842",
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"statutorySection": "Ind AS 116 (Leases) converged with IFRS 16 and aligned with US GAAP ASC 842",
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"successorStatute": "Companies Act, 2013 (Indian Accounting Standards)",
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"successorSection": "Ind AS 116",
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"title": "Lease Accounting & On-Balance-Sheet Capitalization (Right-of-Use Asset & Lease Liability Amortization)",
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"effectivePeriod": {
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"validFrom": "2019-04-01",
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"validTo": "OPEN_ENDED",
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"annualReset": "Continuous lease modification, remeasurement, and interest/depreciation split at reporting dates",
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"sunsetNotes": "Mandatory standard notified via MCA G.S.R. 273(E) effective FY 2019-20 onwards."
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},
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"plainTextSummary": "Under Ind AS 116 (converged with IFRS 16 and aligned with US GAAP ASC 842), lessees must recognize a Right-of-Use (ROU) Asset and a corresponding Lease Liability for all leases on the balance sheet, eliminating the off-balance-sheet operating lease classification previously allowed under Ind AS 17. The only exceptions are short-term leases (term of 12 months or less with no purchase option) and leases of low-value assets (underlying asset value < approx. USD 5,000 / INR 4 Lakhs). At the lease commencement date, the Lease Liability is measured at the present value of future lease payments discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, or if that rate cannot be readily determined, the lessee's Incremental Borrowing Rate (IBR). The ROU Asset is measured initially at cost, comprising the initial lease liability, lease payments made at or prior to commencement date, initial direct costs, and estimated restoration/decommissioning costs, less lease incentives received. Subsequentially, the ROU Asset is depreciated straight-line over the lease term (or economic life if ownership transfers), while the Lease Liability is accreted using the effective interest method (recognizing interest expense in profit or loss) and reduced by cash lease payments. This results in a front-loaded total expense profile in P&L (higher interest in early years). For dual-reporting entities, reconciliation must bridge Ind AS 116 single-lessee model with US GAAP ASC 842 dual-model (which retains a single straight-line lease cost for operating leases) and Indian Income Tax Section 32/37 rent deduction schedules.",
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"keyStatutoryThresholds": {
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"shortTermLeaseExemptionMonths": 12,
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"lowValueAssetExemptionThresholdUsd": 5000,
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"discountRateHierarchy": "RATE_IMPLICIT_IN_LEASE_OR_LESSEE_IBR",
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"subsequentExpenseProfile": "FRONT_LOADED_INTEREST_AND_STRAIGHT_LINE_DEPRECIATION",
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"balanceSheetCapitalizationMandatory": true,
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"offBalanceSheetOperatingLeasePermitted": false
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},
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"officialCitations": [
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{
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"authority": "Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA)",
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"instrument": "Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2019 (G.S.R. 273(E))",
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"subject": "Notification of Ind AS 116 (Leases) superseding Ind AS 17 and eliminating off-balance sheet operating leases",
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"officialUrl": "https://www.mca.gov.in/content/mca/global/en/acts-rules/ebooks/accounting-standards.html"
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},
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{
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"authority": "Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI)",
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"instrument": "ICAI Educational Material on Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 116 Leases",
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"subject": "Technical implementation guidance on IBR determination, lease term assessment, and ROU amortization",
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"officialUrl": "https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=15541"
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},
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{
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"authority": "Internal Revenue Service (IRS)",
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"instrument": "IRS Tangible Property Regulations and Leasehold Improvements Guidance (Treas. Reg. Section 1.162-11)",
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"subject": "US Federal tax treatment of lease payments vs financial accounting capitalization under ASC 842",
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"officialUrl": "https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations"
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}
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],
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"requiredDocumentChecklist": [
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"Executed Master Lease Agreement (MLA), schedules, and equipment/facility handover protocols",
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"Incremental Borrowing Rate (IBR) methodology memorandum citing institutional lender quotes or yield curves",
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"Right-of-Use (ROU) Asset and Lease Liability amortization schedule with interest and principal breakdown",
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"Short-term (<12 month) and low-value asset exemption election documentation",
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"Deferred Tax (Ind AS 12 / ASC 740) workpaper calculating temporary timing difference between ROU expense and tax rent deduction"
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],
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"tier": "PUBLIC_COMMONS_FREE",
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"version": "2.11.0"
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}
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---
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id: mca_notification_indas_37_provisions
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title: Ministry of Corporate Affairs Notification on Ind AS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities & Statutory Tax Dispute Triangulation
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authority: Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA)
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date: 2015-02-16
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statutory_section: Ind AS 37 read with Section 133 of Companies Act 2013 and Schedule III Division II
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valid_from: 2015-04-01
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valid_to: OPEN_ENDED
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temporal_status: ACTIVE
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official_url: https://www.mca.gov.in/content/mca/global/en/acts-rules/ebooks/accounting-standards.html
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---
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# MCA Notification: Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 — Ind AS 37 Provisions and Contingencies
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## 1. Executive Summary & Probability Triangulation Matrix
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Ind AS 37 prescribes the accounting criteria for provisions, contingent liabilities, and contingent assets, establishing a clear probability hierarchy:
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| Likelihood of Outflow | Probability | Accounting Treatment | Disclosure Requirement |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| **Probable** | $> 50\%$ ("more likely than not") | **Recognize Provision** on Balance Sheet & P&L expense | Full disclosure of movement, nature, and expected timing |
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| **Possible** | $5\% - 50\%$ | **Do Not Recognize** on Balance Sheet | **Disclose as Contingent Liability** in Schedule III Notes |
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| **Remote** | $< 5\%$ | **Do Not Recognize** | **No Disclosure Required** |
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## 2. Statutory Tax Demands (GST, Income Tax, Customs)
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Disputed statutory demands must be classified according to legal merits:
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1. **Demand Confirmed with High Risk of Adverse Order**:
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- If senior counsel advises that adverse liability is probable ($>50\%$), a provision must be recognized.
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2. **Disputed Matter with Strong Legal Grounds under Appeal**:
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- Where the entity has filed an appeal before CIT(Appeals), GST Appellate Authority, or ITAT/CESTAT, and legal counsel assesses that the position is defensible with favorable precedents, the demand is classified as a **Contingent Liability** (disclosed in Notes to Accounts; no balance sheet liability).
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3. **Frivolous / Routine SCNs**:
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- Where the risk of an adverse outcome is remote ($<5\%$), no disclosure is required.
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## 3. Best Estimate and Discounting
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- The amount recognized as a provision must be the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period.
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- Where the effect of the time value of money is material (e.g. disputes spanning $> 12$ months), the amount of a provision is the **present value** of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation, discounted using a pre-tax rate.
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- The unwinding of the discount is recognized as a finance cost in profit or loss.
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{
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"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
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"title": "Ind AS 37 / ASC 450 Provisions and Contingent Liabilities Register",
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"description": "Evaluates statutory tax disputes, legal claims, and warranty obligations across the probability hierarchy for balance sheet provision accrual vs footnote disclosure.",
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"type": "object",
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"required": [
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"reportingDate",
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"exposureItems"
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],
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"properties": {
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"reportingDate": {
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"type": "string",
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"format": "date",
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"description": "Financial reporting date YYYY-MM-DD"
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},
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"exposureItems": {
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"type": "array",
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"items": {
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"type": "object",
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"required": ["claimId", "description", "claimedAmountInr", "outflowProbabilityPercent", "isReliablyMeasurable"],
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"properties": {
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"claimId": { "type": "string", "description": "e.g., 'GST-SCN-FY24-01'" },
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"description": { "type": "string" },
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"disputeType": {
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"type": "string",
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"enum": ["STATUTORY_TAX_GST", "STATUTORY_TAX_INCOME_TAX", "CUSTOMS", "COMMERCIAL_LITIGATION", "WARRANTY_OBLIGATION", "ONEROUS_CONTRACT"]
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},
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"claimedAmountInr": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0 },
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"bestEstimateAmountInr": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0 },
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"outflowProbabilityPercent": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0, "maximum": 100 },
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"isReliablyMeasurable": { "type": "boolean" },
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"expectedReimbursementInr": { "type": "number", "minimum": 0, "default": 0 },
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"counselOpinionReference": { "type": "string" }
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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{
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"sectionId": "INDAS_37_IAS_37_ASC_450_PROVISIONS_CONTINGENCIES",
|
|
3
|
+
"sectionCode": "INDAS-37-ASC-450",
|
|
4
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+
"aliases": [
|
|
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|
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"Ind AS 37",
|
|
6
|
+
"IAS 37",
|
|
7
|
+
"ASC 450",
|
|
8
|
+
"provisions",
|
|
9
|
+
"contingent liabilities",
|
|
10
|
+
"contingent assets",
|
|
11
|
+
"statutory tax disputes",
|
|
12
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+
"probable outflow",
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13
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+
"possible obligation",
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14
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+
"onerous contracts",
|
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"restructuring provisions",
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+
"dispute disclosures"
|
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+
],
|
|
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|
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"governingStatute": "Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 read with Section 133 of Companies Act, 2013, ICAI Guidance Note on Provisions and Contingencies, and US GAAP FASB ASC Topic 450 (Contingencies)",
|
|
19
|
+
"statutorySection": "Ind AS 37 (Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets) converged with IAS 37 and aligned with US GAAP ASC 450",
|
|
20
|
+
"successorStatute": "Companies Act, 2013 (Indian Accounting Standards)",
|
|
21
|
+
"successorSection": "Ind AS 37",
|
|
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|
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"title": "Provisions, Contingent Liabilities & Contingent Assets (Dispute Probability Triangulation & Footnote Disclosures)",
|
|
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|
+
"effectivePeriod": {
|
|
24
|
+
"validFrom": "2015-04-01",
|
|
25
|
+
"validTo": "OPEN_ENDED",
|
|
26
|
+
"annualReset": "Continuous legal status review, assessment of probability shifts, and provision discounting review at reporting dates",
|
|
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"sunsetNotes": "Mandatory standard notified via MCA G.S.R. 111(E) effective FY 2015-16 onwards."
|
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|
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},
|
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"plainTextSummary": "Under Ind AS 37 (converged with IAS 37 and aligned with US GAAP ASC 450), entities must distinguish between Provisions, Contingent Liabilities, and Contingent Assets. A Provision is recognized if and only if: (1) an entity has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event; (2) it is probable (more likely than not, i.e. > 50% probability) that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation; and (3) a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are recognized as balance sheet liabilities and expensed in the Statement of Profit and Loss (discounted to present value where the time value of money is material). A Contingent Liability is a possible obligation whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the entity (typically 5% to 50% probability), or a present obligation that is not recognized because an outflow is not probable or cannot be reliably measured. Contingent liabilities are never recognized on the balance sheet; instead, they are disclosed in Schedule III Notes to Accounts with estimates of financial effect and uncertainties. If the probability of outflow is Remote (< 5%), neither recognition nor disclosure is required. A Contingent Asset is never recognized in financial statements unless realization is virtually certain; it is disclosed only when an inflow of economic benefits is probable. For corporate statutory defense, tax demands (disputed GST notices under Sections 73/74, disputed Income Tax assessment additions under appeal before CIT(A) or ITAT, and customs disputes) must be rigorously evaluated against this probability matrix to prevent both premature balance sheet over-accruals and audit qualification for non-disclosure.",
|
|
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|
+
"keyStatutoryThresholds": {
|
|
31
|
+
"probableThresholdPercentage": 50.0,
|
|
32
|
+
"remoteThresholdPercentage": 5.0,
|
|
33
|
+
"provisionRecognizedOnBalanceSheet": true,
|
|
34
|
+
"contingentLiabilityDisclosedInFootnotes": true,
|
|
35
|
+
"contingentAssetNeverRecognizedUnlessVirtuallyCertain": true,
|
|
36
|
+
"longTermProvisionDiscountingMandatory": true
|
|
37
|
+
},
|
|
38
|
+
"officialCitations": [
|
|
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|
+
{
|
|
40
|
+
"authority": "Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA)",
|
|
41
|
+
"instrument": "Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 (G.S.R. 111(E))",
|
|
42
|
+
"subject": "Notification of Ind AS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets",
|
|
43
|
+
"officialUrl": "https://www.mca.gov.in/content/mca/global/en/acts-rules/ebooks/accounting-standards.html"
|
|
44
|
+
},
|
|
45
|
+
{
|
|
46
|
+
"authority": "Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI)",
|
|
47
|
+
"instrument": "ICAI Guidance Note on Accounting for Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets",
|
|
48
|
+
"subject": "Guidance on probability assessment for legal claims, statutory tax litigation, and onerous contracts",
|
|
49
|
+
"officialUrl": "https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=14323"
|
|
50
|
+
}
|
|
51
|
+
],
|
|
52
|
+
"requiredDocumentChecklist": [
|
|
53
|
+
"Corporate Legal Dispute Register listing all pending statutory tax and commercial disputes",
|
|
54
|
+
"Independent Legal Counsel / Tax Counsel Written Assessment Memo on Outflow Probability",
|
|
55
|
+
"Copies of Show Cause Notices (SCN), Assessment Orders, and Appellate Appeal Memos",
|
|
56
|
+
"Provision Discounting Schedule using risk-adjusted pre-tax discount rate for long-term claims",
|
|
57
|
+
"Schedule III Note on Contingent Liabilities and Capital Commitments"
|
|
58
|
+
],
|
|
59
|
+
"tier": "PUBLIC_COMMONS_FREE",
|
|
60
|
+
"version": "2.11.0"
|
|
61
|
+
}
|
|
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
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---
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id: mca_notification_indas_115_revenue_contracts
|
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3
|
+
title: MCA Notification G.S.R. 310(E): Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2018 notifying Ind AS 115
|
|
4
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+
authority: Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), Government of India
|
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5
|
+
date: 2018-03-28
|
|
6
|
+
statutory_section: Ind AS 115 read with Section 133 of Companies Act, 2013
|
|
7
|
+
valid_from: 2018-04-01
|
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8
|
+
valid_to: OPEN_ENDED
|
|
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|
+
temporal_status: ACTIVE
|
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+
official_url: https://www.mca.gov.in/content/mca/global/en/acts-rules/ebooks/accounting-standards.html
|
|
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|
+
---
|
|
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|
+
|
|
13
|
+
# Ministry of Corporate Affairs — Notification G.S.R. 310(E)
|
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|
+
|
|
15
|
+
## Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2018: Ind AS 115
|
|
16
|
+
|
|
17
|
+
**Authority**: Ministry of Corporate Affairs, New Delhi
|
|
18
|
+
**Effective Date**: 1st April, 2018
|
|
19
|
+
**Applicability**: Mandatory for all companies governed by Ind AS under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013
|
|
20
|
+
|
|
21
|
+
### Statutory Objective
|
|
22
|
+
The Central Government notified the **Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 115: Revenue from Contracts with Customers**, converging verbatim with **IFRS 15** and aligning with **US GAAP ASC Topic 606**. Ind AS 115 supersedes the prior standards **Ind AS 18 (Revenue)** and **Ind AS 11 (Construction Contracts)**, establishing a single comprehensive revenue recognition framework across all industries.
|
|
23
|
+
|
|
24
|
+
### Core Provisions of the 5-Step Model
|
|
25
|
+
|
|
26
|
+
1. **Step 1: Identify the Contract with a Customer**
|
|
27
|
+
- The contract must have commercial substance, approval and commitment from all parties, identifiable rights regarding goods/services, identifiable payment terms, and probable collectibility of consideration.
|
|
28
|
+
|
|
29
|
+
2. **Step 2: Identify the Performance Obligations in the Contract**
|
|
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|
+
- At contract inception, assess promised goods or services to determine if they are distinct.
|
|
31
|
+
- A good or service is distinct if:
|
|
32
|
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a) The customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources readily available (*capable of being distinct*).
|
|
33
|
+
b) The promise to transfer the good or service is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract (*distinct within the context of the contract*).
|
|
34
|
+
|
|
35
|
+
3. **Step 3: Determine the Transaction Price**
|
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|
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- The transaction price is the consideration expected to be entitled to, excluding third-party collections (e.g. GST).
|
|
37
|
+
- Variable consideration (rebates, discounts, refunds, milestone incentives, performance penalties) must be estimated using either the expected value or most likely amount method, subject to the constraint that it is highly probable that a significant reversal of revenue will not occur.
|
|
38
|
+
|
|
39
|
+
4. **Step 4: Allocate the Transaction Price to Performance Obligations**
|
|
40
|
+
- The transaction price must be allocated to each distinct performance obligation in proportion to its relative **Standalone Selling Price (SSP)** determined at contract inception.
|
|
41
|
+
- Observable prices take precedence over estimated methods (adjusted market assessment, expected cost plus margin, or residual approach).
|
|
42
|
+
|
|
43
|
+
5. **Step 5: Recognize Revenue When or As Performance Obligations Are Satisfied**
|
|
44
|
+
- Revenue is recognized when control transfers to the customer:
|
|
45
|
+
- **Over Time**: If (i) customer simultaneously receives and consumes benefits, (ii) performance creates or enhances an asset controlled by customer, or (iii) performance does not create an asset with alternative use and entity has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date.
|
|
46
|
+
- **At a Point in Time**: If none of the over-time criteria are met, control transfers at a specific point in time (based on physical possession, legal title, risks and rewards, or customer acceptance).
|
|
47
|
+
|
|
48
|
+
### Balance Sheet Classification: Contract Assets vs. Liabilities
|
|
49
|
+
- **Contract Asset**: An entity's right to consideration in exchange for goods or services transferred to the customer when that right is conditioned on something other than the passage of time (e.g., unbilled revenue prior to milestone billing).
|
|
50
|
+
- **Contract Liability**: An entity's obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the entity has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer (e.g., deferred revenue, customer advances).
|
|
51
|
+
|
|
52
|
+
### Cross-Border & Dual-Reporting Synchronization
|
|
53
|
+
Entities operating cross-border structures (e.g. US Parent with Indian Operating Subsidiary) must establish unified contract performance schedules ensuring that contract asset and liability balances synchronize across:
|
|
54
|
+
- **Ind AS 115** (Indian Statutory Reporting)
|
|
55
|
+
- **US GAAP ASC 606** (US SEC & Parent Consolidation)
|
|
56
|
+
- **ICDS IV** (Income Computation and Disclosure Standard IV for Indian Income Tax filing)
|
|
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
|
|
|
1
|
+
{
|
|
2
|
+
"formId": "INDAS_115_REVENUE_5STEP_ALLOCATION_SCHEDULE",
|
|
3
|
+
"title": "Ind AS 115 / ASC 606 5-Step Contract Allocation & Performance Obligation Schedule",
|
|
4
|
+
"governingStandard": "Ind AS 115 read with IFRS 15 and US GAAP ASC 606",
|
|
5
|
+
"authority": "Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) & Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)",
|
|
6
|
+
"version": "2.11.0",
|
|
7
|
+
"schema": {
|
|
8
|
+
"contractMetadata": {
|
|
9
|
+
"contractId": { "type": "string", "required": true },
|
|
10
|
+
"customerName": { "type": "string", "required": true },
|
|
11
|
+
"customerGstinOrEin": { "type": "string", "required": true },
|
|
12
|
+
"contractStartDate": { "type": "string", "format": "date", "required": true },
|
|
13
|
+
"contractEndDate": { "type": "string", "format": "date", "required": true },
|
|
14
|
+
"currency": { "type": "string", "default": "INR" }
|
|
15
|
+
},
|
|
16
|
+
"transactionPrice": {
|
|
17
|
+
"fixedConsideration": { "type": "number", "required": true },
|
|
18
|
+
"variableConsideration": { "type": "number", "default": 0 },
|
|
19
|
+
"variableConstraintApplied": { "type": "boolean", "default": true },
|
|
20
|
+
"totalTransactionPrice": { "type": "number", "required": true }
|
|
21
|
+
},
|
|
22
|
+
"performanceObligations": {
|
|
23
|
+
"type": "array",
|
|
24
|
+
"items": {
|
|
25
|
+
"obligationId": { "type": "string", "required": true },
|
|
26
|
+
"description": { "type": "string", "required": true },
|
|
27
|
+
"isDistinct": { "type": "boolean", "required": true },
|
|
28
|
+
"standaloneSellingPrice": { "type": "number", "required": true },
|
|
29
|
+
"sspWeightPercentage": { "type": "number", "required": true },
|
|
30
|
+
"allocatedTransactionPrice": { "type": "number", "required": true },
|
|
31
|
+
"satisfactionTiming": {
|
|
32
|
+
"type": "string",
|
|
33
|
+
"enum": ["OVER_TIME", "POINT_IN_TIME"],
|
|
34
|
+
"required": true
|
|
35
|
+
},
|
|
36
|
+
"overTimeMeasurementMethod": {
|
|
37
|
+
"type": "string",
|
|
38
|
+
"enum": ["INPUT_METHOD_COST_INCURRED", "OUTPUT_METHOD_MILESTONES", "STRAIGHT_LINE_TENURE", "N_A"]
|
|
39
|
+
},
|
|
40
|
+
"cumulativeRevenueRecognized": { "type": "number", "default": 0 },
|
|
41
|
+
"cumulativeBilledAmount": { "type": "number", "default": 0 },
|
|
42
|
+
"contractAssetBalance": { "type": "number", "default": 0 },
|
|
43
|
+
"contractLiabilityBalance": { "type": "number", "default": 0 }
|
|
44
|
+
}
|
|
45
|
+
},
|
|
46
|
+
"statutoryAttestation": {
|
|
47
|
+
"isAuthorizedToDisburse": { "type": "boolean", "const": false },
|
|
48
|
+
"dualReportingConformity": {
|
|
49
|
+
"indAs115Conformant": { "type": "boolean", "required": true },
|
|
50
|
+
"usGaapAsc606Conformant": { "type": "boolean", "required": true }
|
|
51
|
+
}
|
|
52
|
+
}
|
|
53
|
+
}
|
|
54
|
+
}
|
|
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
|
|
|
1
|
+
{
|
|
2
|
+
"sectionId": "INDAS_115_ASC_606_REVENUE_CONTRACTS",
|
|
3
|
+
"sectionCode": "INDAS-115-ASC-606",
|
|
4
|
+
"aliases": [
|
|
5
|
+
"Ind AS 115",
|
|
6
|
+
"IFRS 15",
|
|
7
|
+
"ASC 606",
|
|
8
|
+
"revenue recognition",
|
|
9
|
+
"5-step revenue model",
|
|
10
|
+
"contract assets",
|
|
11
|
+
"contract liabilities",
|
|
12
|
+
"deferred revenue",
|
|
13
|
+
"performance obligations",
|
|
14
|
+
"standalone selling price",
|
|
15
|
+
"transaction price allocation",
|
|
16
|
+
"unbilled revenue"
|
|
17
|
+
],
|
|
18
|
+
"governingStatute": "Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 read with Section 133 of Companies Act, 2013 and US GAAP FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606",
|
|
19
|
+
"statutorySection": "Ind AS 115 (Revenue from Contracts with Customers) converged with IFRS 15 and aligned with US GAAP ASC 606",
|
|
20
|
+
"successorStatute": "Companies Act, 2013 (Indian Accounting Standards)",
|
|
21
|
+
"successorSection": "Ind AS 115",
|
|
22
|
+
"title": "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (5-Step Transaction Price Allocation & Performance Obligation Recognition)",
|
|
23
|
+
"effectivePeriod": {
|
|
24
|
+
"validFrom": "2018-04-01",
|
|
25
|
+
"validTo": "OPEN_ENDED",
|
|
26
|
+
"annualReset": "Continuous contract modification, allocation, and milestone true-ups at reporting dates",
|
|
27
|
+
"sunsetNotes": "Mandatory standard notified via MCA G.S.R. 310(E) effective FY 2018-19 onwards."
|
|
28
|
+
},
|
|
29
|
+
"plainTextSummary": "Under Ind AS 115 (converged with IFRS 15 and substantially aligned with US GAAP ASC 606), revenue is recognized upon the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled. The standard enforces a uniform, mandatory five-step revenue framework: (1) Identify the contract with a customer; (2) Identify the performance obligations in the contract, distinguishing between distinct goods or services; (3) Determine the transaction price, taking into account variable consideration (discounts, rebates, refunds, penalties) subject to the constraint that a significant reversal must be highly probable not to occur; (4) Allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation on a relative Standalone Selling Price (SSP) basis; and (5) Recognize revenue when or as the entity satisfies a performance obligation, either over time (if the customer simultaneously receives and consumes benefits, the entity creates/enhances a customer-controlled asset, or the entity has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date with no alternative use) or at a point in time. When consideration is received or due prior to performance, the entity recognizes a Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue). When performance is completed prior to unconditional billing entitlement, the entity recognizes a Contract Asset (Unbilled Revenue). For dual-reporting entities (e.g. US Delaware Parent and Indian Subsidiary), revenue recognition schedules must reconcile cross-border contract allocations against both US GAAP ASC 606 and Indian Income Computation and Disclosure Standard IV (ICDS IV).",
|
|
30
|
+
"keyStatutoryThresholds": {
|
|
31
|
+
"fiveStepModelMandatory": true,
|
|
32
|
+
"sspAllocationBasis": "RELATIVE_STANDALONE_SELLING_PRICE",
|
|
33
|
+
"distinctGoodsServicesCriteria": "CAPABLE_OF_BEING_DISTINCT_AND_DISTINCT_IN_CONTRACT",
|
|
34
|
+
"contractAssetRecognitionRoute": "STATEMENT_OF_FINANCIAL_POSITION_UNBILLED",
|
|
35
|
+
"contractLiabilityRecognitionRoute": "STATEMENT_OF_FINANCIAL_POSITION_DEFERRED",
|
|
36
|
+
"variableConsiderationConstraint": "HIGHLY_PROBABLE_NO_SIGNIFICANT_REVERSAL",
|
|
37
|
+
"overTimeRecognitionCriteriaCount": 3
|
|
38
|
+
},
|
|
39
|
+
"officialCitations": [
|
|
40
|
+
{
|
|
41
|
+
"authority": "Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA)",
|
|
42
|
+
"instrument": "Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2018 (G.S.R. 310(E))",
|
|
43
|
+
"subject": "Notification of Ind AS 115 (Revenue from Contracts with Customers) replacing Ind AS 18 and Ind AS 11",
|
|
44
|
+
"officialUrl": "https://www.mca.gov.in/content/mca/global/en/acts-rules/ebooks/accounting-standards.html"
|
|
45
|
+
},
|
|
46
|
+
{
|
|
47
|
+
"authority": "Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI)",
|
|
48
|
+
"instrument": "ICAI Educational Material on Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 115",
|
|
49
|
+
"subject": "Comprehensive guidance on 5-step model, performance obligations, variable consideration, and licensing",
|
|
50
|
+
"officialUrl": "https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=14323"
|
|
51
|
+
},
|
|
52
|
+
{
|
|
53
|
+
"authority": "Internal Revenue Service (IRS)",
|
|
54
|
+
"instrument": "IRS Publication and Guidance on Accrual Method and Conformity (IRC Section 451)",
|
|
55
|
+
"subject": "Tax conformity with financial accounting revenue recognition under ASC 606 / Ind AS 115",
|
|
56
|
+
"officialUrl": "https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations"
|
|
57
|
+
}
|
|
58
|
+
],
|
|
59
|
+
"requiredDocumentChecklist": [
|
|
60
|
+
"Master Services Agreement (MSA) and all executed Statements of Work (SOWs) / Change Orders",
|
|
61
|
+
"Standalone Selling Price (SSP) documentation and observable price methodology",
|
|
62
|
+
"Customer acceptance certificates or milestone achievement sign-offs",
|
|
63
|
+
"Contract Asset (unbilled revenue) and Contract Liability (deferred revenue) roll-forward schedule",
|
|
64
|
+
"Variable consideration estimation workpaper showing constraint evaluation",
|
|
65
|
+
"Dual-standard reconciliation reconciling Ind AS 115 revenue with US GAAP ASC 606 and ICDS IV"
|
|
66
|
+
],
|
|
67
|
+
"tier": "PUBLIC_COMMONS_FREE",
|
|
68
|
+
"version": "2.11.0"
|
|
69
|
+
}
|
package/package.json
CHANGED
|
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|
|
1
1
|
{
|
|
2
2
|
"name": "@mudraforge/statutory",
|
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3
|
-
"version": "2.
|
|
3
|
+
"version": "2.12.1",
|
|
4
4
|
"description": "Open Knowledge Format (OKF) client & AI Agent Skill for Indian and cross-border statutory tax provisions. Zero dependencies.",
|
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5
5
|
"type": "module",
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6
6
|
"main": "src/index.js",
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@@ -26,6 +26,11 @@
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26
26
|
"import": "./src/calculators.js",
|
|
27
27
|
"default": "./src/calculators.js"
|
|
28
28
|
},
|
|
29
|
+
"./zoho_gstr2b": {
|
|
30
|
+
"types": "./types/index.d.ts",
|
|
31
|
+
"import": "./src/zoho_gstr2b.js",
|
|
32
|
+
"default": "./src/zoho_gstr2b.js"
|
|
33
|
+
},
|
|
29
34
|
"./package.json": "./package.json"
|
|
30
35
|
},
|
|
31
36
|
"typesVersions": {
|
|
@@ -80,6 +85,7 @@
|
|
|
80
85
|
"example:trace": "node examples/simulate_end_to_end_trace.js",
|
|
81
86
|
"manifest": "node scripts/generate_manifest.js",
|
|
82
87
|
"manifest:check": "node scripts/generate_manifest.js --check",
|
|
88
|
+
"watchtower": "node scripts/watchtower.js",
|
|
83
89
|
"catalog": "node scripts/build_catalog.js",
|
|
84
90
|
"release": "node scripts/release.js"
|
|
85
91
|
},
|