@mentra/bluetooth-sdk 3.2.1-dev.314 → 3.2.1

package/android/src/main/java/com/mentra/bluetoothsdk/sgcs/Nimo.kt

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ import android.media.MediaFormat
 import android.os.Handler
 import android.os.HandlerThread
 import android.os.Looper
-import android.util.Base64
 import com.mentra.bluetoothsdk.Bridge
 import com.mentra.bluetoothsdk.DeviceManager
 import com.mentra.bluetoothsdk.DeviceStore
@@ -31,7 +30,9 @@ import java.nio.ByteOrder
 import java.util.Calendar
 import java.util.TimeZone
 import java.util.UUID
-import java.util.zip.Deflater
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.runBlocking
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 
 // ---------- Nimo BLE Constants ----------
 
@@ -68,6 +69,7 @@ internal object NimoProtocol {
     const val CMD_INSTRUCTION_REPORT = 0x06
     const val CMD_CONTROL_INSTRUCTION = 0x07
     const val CMD_CONTROL_FACTORY = 0x08
+    const val FACTORY_RECOVER = 0x03
     const val CMD_CONTROL_NOTIFICATION = 0x09
 
     // get parameter keys
@@ -88,6 +90,9 @@ internal object NimoProtocol {
     const val SET_DISPLAY_OFF = 0x0F
     const val SET_PHONE_TYPE = 0x14
     const val SET_HEIGHT_LEVEL = 0x17
+    // Dynamic-v1 firmware: 1-based UI locale; 1 selects English.
+    const val SET_SYSTEM_LANGUAGE = 0x24
+    const val LANGUAGE_ENGLISH = 0x01
 
     // control instruction keys
     const val CTRL_ENTER_APP = 0x01
@@ -877,12 +882,28 @@ private class NimoReconnectionManager(
 // ---------- Nimo Class ----------
 
 class Nimo : SGCManager() {
+    override val sceneHandoffRequiresClear = false
+    // A legacy text confirmation replaces the active canvas; brightness itself does not.
+    override val showBrightnessConfirmation = false
+    // The host replays its scene on connection; a later welcome clear would erase it.
+    override val showConnectionConfirmation = false
 
     companion object {
         private const val PREFS_NAME = "NimoPrefs"
         private const val KEY_LAST_ADDRESS = "nimo_lastDeviceAddress"
         private const val KEY_LAST_NAME = "nimo_lastDeviceName"
 
+        internal fun removeBluetoothBond(address: String?) {
+            if (address.isNullOrBlank()) return
+            try {
+                val device = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()?.getRemoteDevice(address) ?: return
+                val removed = device.javaClass.getMethod("removeBond").invoke(device) as? Boolean
+                Bridge.log("NIMO: Bluetooth unbond requested=$removed")
+            } catch (error: Exception) {
+                Bridge.log("NIMO: Bluetooth unbond failed: ${error.message}")
+            }
+        }
+
         private const val TWS_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000L
         private const val ACK_TIMEOUT_MS = 5_000L
         // Generous: the glasses' classic bond can take 30-45s PER attempt and may need
@@ -898,8 +919,6 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
         private const val MAX_BOND_ATTEMPTS = 3
         private const val BOND_RETRY_DELAY_MS = 2_000L
         private const val BATTERY_POLL_MS = 30_000L
-        private const val TEXT_QUEUE_TICK_MS = 100L
-        private const val WRITE_WATCHDOG_MS = 1_000L
         private const val SET_TIME_MAX_ATTEMPTS = 3
         private const val SET_TIME_RETRY_DELAY_MS = 500L
     }
@@ -909,12 +928,25 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
         hasMic = true
     }
 
-    // The text surface every sendTextWall renders into. The ASR note view (appId 0x04,
-    // note text resId 0x00) is a plain text page that renders pushed text directly;
-    // Prompter (0x06) was tried first but did not display pushed text on hardware.
-    private val textAppId = NimoProtocol.APP_ID_ASR_NOTE
-    private val textLayoutId = 0
-    private val textResId = 0
+    private val mainHandler = Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())
+    private val mainScheduler = handlerScheduler(mainHandler)
+    // Variant-specific: release has no receiver or framebuffer protocol implementation.
+    private var diagnostics: NimoDiagnostics? = null
+    private val canvasEncoderThread = HandlerThread("NimoCanvasEncoder").apply { start() }
+    private val canvasEncoder = NimoCanvasEncoder(mainScheduler,
+        handlerScheduler(Handler(canvasEncoderThread.looper)),
+        { canvasEncoderThread.quitSafely() },
+        { Bridge.log("NIMO: canvas validation/encoding failed; retaining last valid scene: ${it.message}") })
+    private val canvas = NimoCanvasCoordinator(mainScheduler,
+        { (negotiatedMtu - 3).coerceIn(20, 512) }, ::enqueueFrames, ::abortTransport,
+        { Bridge.log("NIMO: canvas rejected status=$it; not a render ACK") },
+        { diagnostics?.cancelHeldCapture("Canvas scope takeover preempted held capture", resumeCanvas = false) })
+
+    private fun handlerScheduler(handler: Handler) = NimoScheduler { delay, task ->
+        val runnable = Runnable(task)
+        handler.postDelayed(runnable, delay)
+        ({ handler.removeCallbacks(runnable) })
+    }
 
     // BLE
     private val context: Context
@@ -926,7 +958,6 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
     private var micChar: BluetoothGattCharacteristic? = null
     private var isDisconnecting = false
     private var negotiatedMtu = 23
-
     // Device search
     private var DEVICE_SEARCH_ID = "NOT_SET"
 
@@ -954,7 +985,6 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
 
     private val reconnectionManager = NimoReconnectionManager()
     private val receiveAssembler = NimoReceiveAssembler()
-    private val mainHandler = Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())
 
     // Handshake
     private enum class HandshakeState {
@@ -965,6 +995,7 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
     }
     private var handshakeState = HandshakeState.IDLE
     private var twsConnected = false
+    private var peerCompanionReady: Boolean? = null
     private var twsTimeoutRunnable: Runnable? = null
     private var pairingTimeoutRunnable: Runnable? = null
 
@@ -972,20 +1003,16 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
     private class PendingAck(val onResult: (Boolean) -> Unit, val timeout: Runnable)
     private val pendingAcks = mutableMapOf<Int, PendingAck>()
 
-    // Serialized write queue: Android allows one in-flight GATT op; WRITE_TYPE_DEFAULT also
-    // gives us long-writes when a 509-byte frame exceeds the negotiated MTU.
-    private class QueuedWrite(val char: BluetoothGattCharacteristic, val bytes: ByteArray)
-    private val writeQueue = ArrayDeque<QueuedWrite>()
-    private var writeInFlight = false
-    private var writeWatchdog: Runnable? = null
+    // One queue owns characteristic writes and CCCD callbacks, including non-canvas commands.
+    private val writes = NimoGattQueue<BluetoothGattCharacteristic>(mainScheduler,
+        { characteristic, bytes ->
+            characteristic.writeType = BluetoothGattCharacteristic.WRITE_TYPE_DEFAULT
+            characteristic.value = bytes
+            gatt?.writeCharacteristic(characteristic) ?: false
+        }, ::abortTransport, NimoBLE.INTER_FRAME_DELAY_MS)
 
-    // Heartbeat / text queue
+    // Heartbeat
     private var batteryPollRunnable: Runnable? = null
-    private var textQueueRunnable: Runnable? = null
-    private var pendingText: String? = null
-    private var textAppEntered = false
-    private var navAppEntered = false
-    private var currentGlassesAppId = -1
 
     // Battery
     private var lastBatteryLevel = -1
@@ -1039,7 +1066,7 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
         Bridge.log("NIMO: target is bonded — connecting directly (no discovery)")
         lastDeviceName = target.name
         lastDeviceAddress = target.address
-        mainHandler.post { connectGattLe(target) }
+        mainHandler.post { connectCompanionGatt(target) }
         return true
     }
 
@@ -1056,6 +1083,12 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
     }
 
     override fun disconnect() {
+        if (Looper.myLooper() != mainHandler.looper) {
+            // The manager can discard or replace this communicator immediately on return.
+            // Finish local teardown on its owning looper before releasing that caller.
+            runBlocking { withContext(Dispatchers.Main) { disconnect() } }
+            return
+        }
         Bridge.log("NIMO: disconnect()")
         isDisconnecting = true
         cancelPairingTimeout()
@@ -1079,7 +1112,36 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
         DeviceStore.apply("glasses", "connectionState", ConnTypes.DISCONNECTED)
     }
 
+    /** Explicit Unpair only. Ordinary forget/cleanup must never reset the glasses. */
+    internal fun resetForUnpair(onResult: (Boolean) -> Unit) {
+        check(Looper.myLooper() == mainHandler.looper)
+        if (gatt == null || txChar == null || handshakeState != HandshakeState.READY) {
+            Bridge.log("NIMO: unpair while offline; remote reset unavailable")
+            onResult(false)
+            return
+        }
+        isDisconnecting = true
+        stopTimers()
+        reconnectionManager.stop()
+        canvasEncoder.invalidate()
+        canvas.disconnected()
+        Bridge.log("NIMO: sending factory reset for explicit Unpair")
+        sendAwaitingAck(NimoProtocol.CMD_CONTROL_FACTORY, NimoProtocol.FACTORY_RECOVER, byteArrayOf()) {
+            Bridge.log("NIMO: factory reset acknowledged=$it")
+            onResult(it)
+        }
+    }
+
+    internal fun removeBluetoothBond() {
+        val address = gatt?.device?.address ?: lastDeviceAddress ?: return
+        removeBluetoothBond(address)
+    }
+
     override fun forget() {
+        if (Looper.myLooper() != mainHandler.looper) {
+            runBlocking { withContext(Dispatchers.Main) { forget() } }
+            return
+        }
         Bridge.log("NIMO: forget()")
         disconnect()
         lastDeviceAddress = null
@@ -1088,7 +1150,14 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
     }
 
     override fun cleanup() {
+        if (Looper.myLooper() != mainHandler.looper) {
+            runBlocking { withContext(Dispatchers.Main) { cleanup() } }
+            return
+        }
+        canvasEncoder.close()
         disconnect()
+        diagnostics?.close()
+        diagnostics = null
         audioClient.stop()
     }
 
@@ -1150,20 +1219,15 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
     }
 
     override fun clearDisplay() {
-        // Keep the text app/page alive — a blank update avoids re-entering the app next time.
-        sendTextWall(" ")
+        submitCanvas("legacy") { emptyList() }
     }
 
     override fun sendText(text: String) {
-        // Coalesced: only the most recent pending text survives until the next 100ms drain.
-        Bridge.log("NIMO: sendText(text=$text)")
-        pendingText = text
+        sendTextWall(text)
     }
 
     override fun sendTextWall(text: String) {
-        // Coalesced: only the most recent pending text survives until the next 100ms drain.
-        Bridge.log("NIMO: sendTextWall(text=$text)")
-        pendingText = text
+        submitCanvas("legacy") { canvasText(text, 0, 0, 500, 220, 0, 0) }
     }
 
     override fun sendDoubleTextWall(top: String, bottom: String) {
@@ -1179,12 +1243,9 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
             borderWidth: Int,
             borderRadius: Int
     ) {
-        // Navigation pushes turn text via positioned_text. Nimo widgets have fixed geometry, so
-        // position/border are ignored — funnel the text through the same coalesced path as
-        // sendTextWall so it renders on the ASR note page. Without this override the base no-op
-        // silently dropped all navigation text.
-        // Bridge.log("NIMO: sendPositionedText(text=$text)")
-        // pendingText = text
+        submitCanvas("legacy") {
+            canvasText(text, x, y, width, height, borderWidth, borderRadius)
+        }
     }
 
     override fun displayBitmap(
@@ -1194,57 +1255,18 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
             width: Int?,
             height: Int?
     ): Boolean {
-        // Nimo widgets have fixed geometry; x/y are not honored. Renders into the navigation
-        // large-map widget (appId 0x01, resId 0x05, 452x170 2bpp) — the full-width nav map,
-        // which shows far more than the small 160x160 mini-map (resId 0x00). bitmapToGrayscale
-        // aspect-fits onto black, so a non-matching source aspect letterboxes rather than
-        // distorts. The nav app must be foregrounded before pushing content (mirrors the text
-        // path). TODO: hardware-verify the large-map widget renders and the nav app-mode.
-        val targetWidth = NimoProtocol.NAV_LARGE_MAP_WIDTH
-        val targetHeight = NimoProtocol.NAV_LARGE_MAP_HEIGHT
-        Bridge.log("NIMO: displayBitmap → nav large map (navAppEntered=$navAppEntered)")
         return try {
-            val imageBytes = Base64.decode(base64ImageData, Base64.DEFAULT)
-            val bitmap =
-                    BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(imageBytes, 0, imageBytes.size) ?: return false
-            val grayscale = bitmapToGrayscale(bitmap, targetWidth, targetHeight)
-            val packed = packL8To2bpp(grayscale)
-            val (payload, compression) = compressAdaptive(packed)
-            if (!navAppEntered) {
-                sendFrame(
-                        NimoFrameCodec.encodeFrame(
-                                NimoProtocol.CMD_CONTROL_INSTRUCTION,
-                                NimoProtocol.CTRL_ENTER_APP,
-                                byteArrayOf(
-                                        NimoProtocol.APP_ID_NAV.toByte(),
-                                        NimoProtocol.APP_MODE_STANDALONE.toByte()
-                                )
-                        )
-                )
-                // Optimistic; corrected by app-state reports if the glasses refuse/exit.
-                navAppEntered = true
+            val left = x ?: 0; val top = y ?: 0
+            val w = width ?: (NimoCanvasCodec.WIDTH - left)
+            val h = height ?: (NimoCanvasCodec.HEIGHT - top)
+            NimoCanvasCodec.region(left, top, w, h)
+            // The Boolean acknowledges bounded local validation, never visible rendering.
+            // Decode once now; the background encoder owns/recycles this same source.
+            val source = decodeCanvasSource(base64ImageData)
+            encodeCanvas("legacy", release = { source.recycle() }) {
+                NimoCanvasCodec.replace(listOf(NimoCanvasCodec.bitmap(left, top, w, h,
+                    bitmapToGrayscale(source, w, h))))
             }
-            val content =
-                    NimoFrameCodec.imageHeader(
-                            width = targetWidth,
-                            height = targetHeight,
-                            formatBpp = NimoProtocol.FORMAT_2BPP,
-                            compression = compression,
-                            originalSize = packed.size,
-                            compressedSize =
-                                    if (compression == NimoProtocol.COMPRESSION_NONE) 0
-                                    else payload.size
-                    ) + payload
-            val frames =
-                    NimoFrameCodec.updateContentFrames(
-                            appId = NimoProtocol.APP_ID_NAV,
-                            layoutId = 0,
-                            resId = NimoProtocol.NAV_RES_LARGE_MAP,
-                            resType = NimoProtocol.WIDGET_PICTURE,
-                            content = content
-                    )
-            enqueueFrames(frames)
-            true
         } catch (e: Exception) {
             Bridge.log("NIMO: displayBitmap failed: ${e.message}")
             false
@@ -1252,19 +1274,60 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
     }
 
     override fun showDashboard() {
-        Bridge.log("NIMO: showDashboard()")
-        textAppEntered = false
-        navAppEntered = false
-        sendFrame(
-                NimoFrameCodec.encodeFrame(
-                        NimoProtocol.CMD_CONTROL_INSTRUCTION,
-                        NimoProtocol.CTRL_ENTER_APP,
-                        byteArrayOf(
-                                NimoProtocol.APP_ID_DASHBOARD.toByte(),
-                                NimoProtocol.APP_MODE_STANDALONE.toByte()
-                        )
-                )
-        )
+        exit()
+    }
+
+    override fun applySceneFrame(frame: SceneFrame) {
+        // Serialize the complete ordered scene, not the host differ's annotations.
+        encodeCanvas("${frame.appId}:${frame.epoch}", frame.replay) {
+            NimoCanvasCodec.scene(frame.elements.map { element ->
+                NimoCanvasCodec.Element(element.type, element.x, element.y, element.w, element.h,
+                    element.text, element.data, element.border, element.radius)
+            }, ::decodeCanvasImage)
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun clearSceneElements(elementIds: List<String>) {
+        // Dynamic Layout replaces a complete scene; there is no persistent per-ID state.
+        clearDisplay()
+    }
+
+    private fun canvasText(text: String, x: Int, y: Int, width: Int, height: Int,
+                           border: Int, radius: Int): List<NimoCanvasCodec.Object> {
+        require(border in 0..32 && radius in 0..255)
+        val objects = mutableListOf<NimoCanvasCodec.Object>()
+        if (border > 0) objects.add(NimoCanvasCodec.rectangle(x, y, width, height, border, radius))
+        // Legacy callers may send an unwrapped paragraph. Scene IR uses textRows directly.
+        if (text.isNotEmpty() && !text.contains('\n')) {
+            objects.add(NimoCanvasCodec.label(text, x, y, width, height))
+        } else objects.addAll(NimoCanvasCodec.textRows(text, x, y, width, height))
+        return objects
+    }
+
+    /** Keep only the latest pending encode; completion cannot overwrite a newer scene or Exit. */
+    private fun submitCanvas(scope: String, force: Boolean = false,
+                             objects: () -> List<NimoCanvasCodec.Object>) {
+        encodeCanvas(scope, force) { NimoCanvasCodec.replace(objects()) }
+    }
+
+    private fun encodeCanvas(scope: String, force: Boolean = false, release: () -> Unit = {},
+                             encode: () -> ByteArray): Boolean =
+        canvasEncoder.submit(encode, release) { bytes -> canvas.offer(bytes, scope, force) }
+
+    private fun decodeCanvasSource(data: String): Bitmap {
+        val bytes = NimoCanvasCodec.imageBytes(data)
+        val bounds = BitmapFactory.Options().apply { inJustDecodeBounds = true }
+        BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(bytes, 0, bytes.size, bounds)
+        require(bounds.outWidth in 1..4096 && bounds.outHeight in 1..4096 &&
+            bounds.outWidth.toLong() * bounds.outHeight <= 4_000_000) { "Image decoded size exceeds limit" }
+        return requireNotNull(BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(bytes, 0, bytes.size)) { "Invalid image" }
+    }
+
+    private fun decodeCanvasImage(data: String, width: Int, height: Int): ByteArray {
+        val source = decodeCanvasSource(data)
+        return try {
+            bitmapToGrayscale(source, width, height)
+        } finally { source.recycle() }
     }
 
     override fun setDashboardPosition(height: Int, depth: Int) {
@@ -1325,17 +1388,11 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
     }
 
     override fun exit() {
-        Bridge.log("NIMO: exit()")
-        val appId = if (currentGlassesAppId >= 0) currentGlassesAppId else textAppId
-        textAppEntered = false
-        navAppEntered = false
-        sendFrame(
-                NimoFrameCodec.encodeFrame(
-                        NimoProtocol.CMD_CONTROL_INSTRUCTION,
-                        NimoProtocol.CTRL_QUIT_APP,
-                        byteArrayOf(appId.toByte())
-                )
-        )
+        canvasEncoder.invalidate()
+        mainHandler.post {
+            diagnostics?.cancelHeldCapture("Explicit host exit preempted held capture", resumeCanvas = false)
+            canvas.exit()
+        }
     }
 
     override fun sendShutdown() {
@@ -1545,23 +1602,16 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
         stopScan()
         lastDeviceName = name
         lastDeviceAddress = device.address
-        connectGattLe(device)
+        connectCompanionGatt(device)
     }
 
     /**
-     * Vendor connection model (from bitfantasy_glasses_sdk_transport_ble + their
-     * flutter_blue_plus fork notes, "Android CTKD transport=BREDR"):
-     *
-     * 1. The main device is discovered over CLASSIC Bluetooth (it never advertises its
-     *    name over LE; the "<name>_BLE" peripheral is a separate ANCS-only device).
-     * 2. Pairing is a CLASSIC (BR/EDR) bond. CTKD (cross-transport key derivation)
-     *    derives the LE keys — critically the IRK — during that bond.
-     * 3. The DATA channel is GATT over LE (service 7033). The glasses advertise with a
-     *    resolvable private address, so connecting by their public MAC only works once
-     *    the phone holds the IRK from step 2. (Same reason iOS requires Settings-app
-     *    pairing first — iOS performs the classic bond + CTKD itself.)
+     * Discover and bond the main device over classic Bluetooth, then use BR/EDR ATT
+     * for Companion service 7033. The separate <name>_BLE ANCS peripheral is not the
+     * canvas data channel. This matches the vendor transport=BREDR connection path.
      */
-    private fun connectGattLe(device: android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice) {
+    private fun connectCompanionGatt(device: android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice) {
+        if (isDisconnecting || gatt != null) return
         // Classic discovery degrades/aborts connections — always cancel first.
         try {
             bluetoothAdapter?.cancelDiscovery()
@@ -1574,11 +1624,11 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
                     android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE
                 }
         if (bondState != android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
-            // Bond over classic first (CTKD gives us the LE keys); connect on completion.
+            // Bond over classic first, then open the Companion bearer on completion.
             startBond(device)
             return
         }
-        connectLeTransport(device)
+        connectBredrTransport(device)
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1597,7 +1647,7 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
         if (bondState == android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
             Bridge.log("NIMO: already bonded with ${device.address} — connecting")
             unregisterBondReceiver()
-            connectLeTransport(device)
+            connectBredrTransport(device)
             return
         }
         // Don't fire a second createBond on top of one already in flight (duplicate
@@ -1625,13 +1675,14 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
                     false
                 }
         if (!started) {
-            Bridge.log("NIMO: createBond failed to start — trying LE connect anyway")
+            Bridge.log("NIMO: createBond failed to start — trying Companion BR/EDR connection")
             unregisterBondReceiver()
-            connectLeTransport(device)
+            connectBredrTransport(device)
         }
     }
 
-    private fun connectLeTransport(device: android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice) {
+    private fun connectBredrTransport(device: android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice) {
+        if (isDisconnecting || gatt != null) return
         // GATT over BR/EDR: the glasses pair with a legacy (non-SC) link key, so no LE
         // keys exist (le_linkkey_known:F) and the controller records the device as
         // BR_EDR-only — the 7033 UART service is served over the classic link. This is
@@ -1647,6 +1698,7 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
                         gattCallback,
                         android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.TRANSPORT_BREDR
                 )
+        gatt?.let { writes.connected(it) }
     }
 
     private var bondReceiver: android.content.BroadcastReceiver? = null
@@ -1688,7 +1740,7 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
                                     // (right after pairing) succeeds instead of failing until the
                                     // user manually retries into the already-bonded fast path.
                                     mainHandler.postDelayed(
-                                            { connectLeTransport(device) },
+                                            { connectBredrTransport(device) },
                                             POST_BOND_SETTLE_MS
                                     )
                                 }
@@ -1743,7 +1795,7 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
         return try {
             val device = adapter.getRemoteDevice(address)
             Bridge.log("NIMO: connectByAddress - ${device.name ?: address}")
-            connectGattLe(device)
+            connectCompanionGatt(device)
             true
         } catch (e: Exception) {
             Bridge.log("NIMO: connectByAddress failed: ${e.message}")
@@ -1774,18 +1826,19 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
             object : BluetoothGattCallback() {
                 override fun onConnectionStateChange(g: BluetoothGatt, status: Int, newState: Int) {
                     mainHandler.post {
+                        if (g !== gatt) return@post
                         Bridge.log("NIMO: onConnectionStateChange status=$status newState=$newState")
-                        if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
+                        if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED && status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
                             Bridge.log("NIMO: Connected to ${g.device?.name ?: "unknown"}")
                             lastDeviceAddress = g.device?.address
                             // Do NOT request a large MTU here: the vendor transport warns that
                             // requesting one during connect makes some Nimo firmwares throw a
                             // GATT error and loop reconnecting. The system negotiates the MTU;
-                            // frames larger than it go out as ATT long writes (WRITE_TYPE_DEFAULT).
+                            // canvas fragments fit the currently known writable ATT size.
                             try {
-                                g.discoverServices()
+                                if (!g.discoverServices()) abortTransport("Service discovery did not start")
                             } catch (e: SecurityException) {
-                                Bridge.log("NIMO: discoverServices SecurityException: ${e.message}")
+                                abortTransport("Service discovery permission denied")
                             }
                         } else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
                             Bridge.log("NIMO: Disconnected")
@@ -1802,6 +1855,8 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
                             DeviceStore.apply("glasses", "fullyBooted", false)
                             DeviceStore.apply("glasses", "connectionState", ConnTypes.DISCONNECTED)
                             startReconnectionTimer()
+                        } else if (status != BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
+                            abortTransport("GATT connection failed status=$status")
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1809,21 +1864,19 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
                 override fun onMtuChanged(g: BluetoothGatt, mtu: Int, status: Int) {
                     Bridge.log("NIMO: onMtuChanged mtu=$mtu status=$status")
                     mainHandler.post {
-                        negotiatedMtu = mtu
-                        try {
-                            g.discoverServices()
-                        } catch (e: SecurityException) {
-                            Bridge.log("NIMO: discoverServices SecurityException: ${e.message}")
-                        }
+                        if (g !== gatt || status != BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) return@post
+                        negotiatedMtu = mtu.coerceIn(23, 517)
                     }
                 }
 
                 override fun onServicesDiscovered(g: BluetoothGatt, status: Int) {
                     if (status != BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
                         Bridge.log("NIMO: onServicesDiscovered failed status=$status")
+                        mainHandler.post { if (g === gatt) abortTransport("Service discovery failed status=$status") }
                         return
                     }
                     mainHandler.post {
+                        if (g !== gatt) return@post
                         val service = g.getService(NimoBLE.SERVICE_UUID)
                         if (service == null) {
                             // Dump everything so a UUID mismatch is diagnosable from logs.
@@ -1850,8 +1903,9 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
                             return@post
                         }
                         enableNotifications(g, rxChar!!) {
-                            micChar?.let { mic -> enableNotifications(g, mic) {} }
-                            startHandshake()
+                            val mic = micChar
+                            if (mic == null) startHandshake()
+                            else enableNotifications(g, mic) { startHandshake() }
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1861,10 +1915,15 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
                         g: BluetoothGatt,
                         characteristic: BluetoothGattCharacteristic
                 ) {
-                    val data = characteristic.value ?: return
-                    when (characteristic.uuid) {
-                        NimoBLE.CHAR_RX -> mainHandler.post { handleRxPacket(data) }
-                        NimoBLE.CHAR_MIC -> audioClient.enqueue(data)
+                    val data = characteristic.value?.copyOf() ?: return
+                    mainHandler.post {
+                        if (g !== gatt) return@post
+                        when (characteristic.uuid) {
+                            NimoBLE.CHAR_RX -> if (characteristic.service?.uuid == NimoBLE.SERVICE_UUID) {
+                                handleRxPacket(data)
+                            }
+                            NimoBLE.CHAR_MIC -> audioClient.enqueue(data)
+                        }
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -1873,13 +1932,9 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
                         characteristic: BluetoothGattCharacteristic,
                         status: Int
                 ) {
-                    mainHandler.postDelayed(
-                            {
-                                writeInFlight = false
-                                drainWriteQueue()
-                            },
-                            NimoBLE.INTER_FRAME_DELAY_MS
-                    )
+                    mainHandler.post {
+                        writes.written(g, characteristic, status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS)
+                    }
                 }
 
                 override fun onDescriptorWrite(
@@ -1887,78 +1942,38 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
                         descriptor: BluetoothGattDescriptor,
                         status: Int
                 ) {
-                    mainHandler.post { descriptorWriteCompletion?.let { it() } }
+                    mainHandler.post {
+                        writes.descriptorWritten(g, descriptor, status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS)
+                    }
                 }
             }
 
-    private var descriptorWriteCompletion: (() -> Unit)? = null
-
     @Suppress("deprecation")
     private fun enableNotifications(
             g: BluetoothGatt,
             characteristic: BluetoothGattCharacteristic,
             onComplete: () -> Unit
     ) {
-        g.setCharacteristicNotification(characteristic, true)
+        if (g !== gatt || !g.setCharacteristicNotification(characteristic, true)) {
+            abortTransport("Could not enable local notifications")
+            return
+        }
         val descriptor = characteristic.getDescriptor(NimoBLE.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIG)
         if (descriptor != null) {
-            descriptorWriteCompletion = {
-                descriptorWriteCompletion = null
-                onComplete()
-            }
             descriptor.value = BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE
-            g.writeDescriptor(descriptor)
+            writes.subscribe(g, descriptor, { g.writeDescriptor(descriptor) }, onComplete)
         } else {
-            onComplete()
+            abortTransport("Notification descriptor is missing")
         }
     }
 
     // ---------- Write Queue ----------
 
-    @Suppress("deprecation")
-    private fun drainWriteQueue() {
-        if (writeInFlight) return
-        val item = writeQueue.removeFirstOrNull() ?: return
-        val g = gatt
-        if (g == null) {
-            writeQueue.clear()
-            return
-        }
-        writeInFlight = true
-        item.char.writeType = BluetoothGattCharacteristic.WRITE_TYPE_DEFAULT
-        item.char.value = item.bytes
-        val ok =
-                try {
-                    g.writeCharacteristic(item.char)
-                } catch (e: Exception) {
-                    Bridge.log("NIMO: writeCharacteristic failed: ${e.message}")
-                    false
-                }
-        if (!ok) {
-            // Another GATT op (e.g. a descriptor write) is in flight — requeue and retry
-            // shortly instead of dropping the frame.
-            writeInFlight = false
-            writeQueue.addFirst(item)
-            mainHandler.postDelayed({ drainWriteQueue() }, 100)
-            return
-        }
-        // Watchdog: if the write callback never arrives, unblock the queue.
-        writeWatchdog?.let { mainHandler.removeCallbacks(it) }
-        val watchdog = Runnable {
-            if (writeInFlight) {
-                Bridge.log("NIMO: write watchdog fired — forcing queue drain")
-                writeInFlight = false
-                drainWriteQueue()
-            }
-        }
-        writeWatchdog = watchdog
-        mainHandler.postDelayed(watchdog, WRITE_WATCHDOG_MS)
-    }
-
     private fun enqueueWrite(char: BluetoothGattCharacteristic, bytes: ByteArray) {
+        val expectedGatt = gatt ?: return
         mainHandler.post {
-            writeQueue.addLast(QueuedWrite(char, bytes))
-            drainWriteQueue()
+            if (gatt !== expectedGatt) return@post
+            writes.enqueue(expectedGatt, char, listOf(bytes))
         }
     }
 
@@ -1967,14 +1982,25 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
         enqueueWrite(tx, frame)
     }
 
-    private fun enqueueFrames(frames: List<ByteArray>) {
-        val tx = txChar ?: return
-        mainHandler.post {
-            for (frame in frames) {
-                writeQueue.addLast(QueuedWrite(tx, frame))
-            }
-            drainWriteQueue()
-        }
+    private fun enqueueFrames(frames: List<ByteArray>, finalStarted: () -> Unit,
+                              completed: () -> Unit): Boolean {
+        val tx = txChar ?: return false
+        val connection = gatt ?: return false
+        // Coordinator and GATT callbacks are Main-confined: enqueue the complete chain atomically.
+        return writes.enqueue(connection, tx, frames, finalStarted, completed)
+    }
+
+    private fun abortTransport(reason: String) {
+        Bridge.log("NIMO: resetting transport: $reason")
+        val old = gatt
+        gatt = null
+        txChar = null; rxChar = null; micChar = null
+        resetSessionState()
+        try { old?.disconnect(); old?.close() } catch (_: Exception) {}
+        DeviceStore.apply("glasses", "connected", false)
+        DeviceStore.apply("glasses", "fullyBooted", false)
+        DeviceStore.apply("glasses", "connectionState", ConnTypes.DISCONNECTED)
+        if (!isDisconnecting) startReconnectionTimer()
     }
 
     // ---------- Pending ACKs ----------
@@ -1993,7 +2019,11 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
             it.onResult(false)
         }
         val timeout = Runnable {
-            pendingAcks.remove(ackKey)?.onResult(false)
+            // Do not retry a timed-out key on the same transport: a late response is uncorrelated.
+            pendingAcks.remove(ackKey)?.let { expired ->
+                abortTransport("ACK timeout cmd=$cmd key=$key")
+                expired.onResult(false)
+            }
         }
         pendingAcks[ackKey] = PendingAck(onResult, timeout)
         mainHandler.postDelayed(timeout, timeoutMs)
@@ -2057,12 +2087,14 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
 
     private fun attemptSetTime() {
         if (handshakeState != HandshakeState.AWAITING_TIME_ACK || gatt == null) return
+        val expectedGatt = gatt
         setTimeAttempts++
         sendAwaitingAck(
                 NimoProtocol.CMD_SET_PARAMETER,
                 NimoProtocol.SET_TIME,
                 NimoFrameCodec.encodeDeviceTime()
         ) { ok ->
+            if (gatt !== expectedGatt || handshakeState != HandshakeState.AWAITING_TIME_ACK) return@sendAwaitingAck
             if (ok) {
                 finishHandshake()
             } else if (setTimeAttempts < SET_TIME_MAX_ATTEMPTS &&
@@ -2072,7 +2104,7 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
                 // The firmware can answer "busy" right after the link comes up —
                 // give it a moment and retry instead of dropping the connection.
                 Bridge.log("NIMO: setTime attempt $setTimeAttempts failed — retrying")
-                mainHandler.postDelayed({ attemptSetTime() }, SET_TIME_RETRY_DELAY_MS)
+                mainHandler.postDelayed({ if (gatt === expectedGatt) attemptSetTime() }, SET_TIME_RETRY_DELAY_MS)
             } else {
                 Bridge.log("NIMO: setTime failed after $setTimeAttempts attempts — handshake failed")
                 handshakeFailed()
@@ -2091,6 +2123,9 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
                         needsAck = false
                 )
         )
+        // Optional setting: older firmware may reject it without preventing connection.
+        sendFrame(NimoFrameCodec.encodeFrame(NimoProtocol.CMD_SET_PARAMETER,
+            NimoProtocol.SET_SYSTEM_LANGUAGE, byteArrayOf(NimoProtocol.LANGUAGE_ENGLISH.toByte())))
         getBatteryStatus()
         requestVersionInfo()
 
@@ -2100,6 +2135,20 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
         DeviceStore.apply("glasses", "fullyBooted", true)
         DeviceStore.apply("glasses", "connectionState", ConnTypes.CONNECTED)
         startTimers()
+        if (diagnostics == null) {
+            diagnostics = NimoDiagnostics(
+                context,
+                mainHandler,
+                { frame, completed -> enqueueFrames(listOf(frame), {}, completed) },
+                { ready -> canvas.hold(ready) },
+                { resume -> canvas.releaseHold(resume) },
+            )
+        }
+        diagnostics?.connected((negotiatedMtu - 3).coerceIn(20, 512))
+        // Launch checks peer readiness in firmware; do not wait up to a minute for
+        // the first unsolicited heartbeat just because peer status is still unknown.
+        canvas.activate()
+        canvas.readiness(twsConnected && peerCompanionReady != false)
     }
 
     private fun handshakeFailed() {
@@ -2109,18 +2158,21 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
     }
 
     private fun resetSessionState() {
+        diagnostics?.disconnected()
         handshakeState = HandshakeState.IDLE
+        cancelTwsTimeout()
         twsConnected = false
-        textAppEntered = false
-        navAppEntered = false
-        currentGlassesAppId = -1
-        pendingText = null
+        peerCompanionReady = null
+        canvasEncoder.invalidate()
+        canvas.disconnected()
         audioClient.stop()
+        // Nimo's decoder/stream belongs to this GATT session. Consumer demand
+        // remains in bluetooth.should_send_*; readiness must start a fresh stream
+        // even when reconnecting with this same adapter instance.
+        DeviceStore.apply("glasses", "micEnabled", false)
         receiveAssembler.reset()
-        writeQueue.clear()
-        writeInFlight = false
-        writeWatchdog?.let { mainHandler.removeCallbacks(it) }
-        writeWatchdog = null
+        writes.reset()
+        negotiatedMtu = 23
         failAllPendingAcks()
         stopTimers()
     }
@@ -2142,7 +2194,7 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
         }
     }
 
-    // ---------- Timers (battery poll keepalive + text queue) ----------
+    // ---------- Timers (battery poll keepalive) ----------
 
     private fun startTimers() {
         stopTimers()
@@ -2158,123 +2210,31 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
         batteryPollRunnable = battery
         mainHandler.postDelayed(battery, BATTERY_POLL_MS)
 
-        val textQueue =
-                object : Runnable {
-                    override fun run() {
-                        drainTextQueue()
-                        mainHandler.postDelayed(this, TEXT_QUEUE_TICK_MS)
-                    }
-                }
-        textQueueRunnable = textQueue
-        mainHandler.postDelayed(textQueue, TEXT_QUEUE_TICK_MS)
     }
 
     private fun stopTimers() {
         batteryPollRunnable?.let { mainHandler.removeCallbacks(it) }
         batteryPollRunnable = null
-        textQueueRunnable?.let { mainHandler.removeCallbacks(it) }
-        textQueueRunnable = null
-    }
-
-    // ---------- Text Rendering ----------
-
-    /**
-     * TEMP HW TEST: build a 160x160 grayscale test pattern (four vertical bands
-     * at the 4 quantization levels: black | dark | light | white) and push it
-     * through the exact same nav-minimap pipeline as displayBitmap. If the bands
-     * render left→right on the glasses, the SDK bitmap path works end-to-end.
-     */
-    private fun displaySampleBitmap() {
-        val w = 160
-        val h = 160
-        val gray = ByteArray(w * h)
-        for (y in 0 until h) {
-            for (x in 0 until w) {
-                val band = (x * 4 / w).coerceIn(0, 3) // 0..3 across the width
-                gray[y * w + x] = (band * 85).toByte() // 0, 85, 170, 255
-            }
-        }
-        val packed = packL8To2bpp(gray)
-        val (payload, compression) = compressAdaptive(packed)
-        if (!navAppEntered) {
-            sendFrame(
-                    NimoFrameCodec.encodeFrame(
-                            NimoProtocol.CMD_CONTROL_INSTRUCTION,
-                            NimoProtocol.CTRL_ENTER_APP,
-                            byteArrayOf(
-                                    NimoProtocol.APP_ID_NAV.toByte(),
-                                    NimoProtocol.APP_MODE_STANDALONE.toByte()
-                            )
-                    )
-            )
-            navAppEntered = true
-        }
-        val content =
-                NimoFrameCodec.imageHeader(
-                        width = w,
-                        height = h,
-                        formatBpp = NimoProtocol.FORMAT_2BPP,
-                        compression = compression,
-                        originalSize = packed.size,
-                        compressedSize =
-                                if (compression == NimoProtocol.COMPRESSION_NONE) 0
-                                else payload.size
-                ) + payload
-        val frames =
-                NimoFrameCodec.updateContentFrames(
-                        appId = NimoProtocol.APP_ID_NAV,
-                        layoutId = 0,
-                        resId = 0,
-                        resType = NimoProtocol.WIDGET_PICTURE,
-                        content = content
-                )
-        enqueueFrames(frames)
-        Bridge.log(
-                "NIMO: displaySampleBitmap → ${frames.size} frames, ${payload.size}B comp=$compression"
-        )
-    }
-
-    private fun drainTextQueue() {
-        val text = pendingText ?: return
-        if (handshakeState != HandshakeState.READY) return
-        pendingText = null
-
-        // All text (text_wall / double_text_wall / reference_card / positioned_text) renders on
-        // the ASR note page — the only text surface confirmed to render on hardware.
-        Bridge.log("NIMO: text → glasses (enterApp=${!textAppEntered}): \"${text.take(60)}\"")
-        if (!textAppEntered) {
-            sendFrame(
-                    NimoFrameCodec.encodeFrame(
-                            NimoProtocol.CMD_CONTROL_INSTRUCTION,
-                            NimoProtocol.CTRL_ENTER_APP,
-                            byteArrayOf(textAppId.toByte(), NimoProtocol.APP_MODE_STANDALONE.toByte())
-                    )
-            )
-            // Optimistic; corrected by app-state reports if the glasses refuse/exit.
-            textAppEntered = true
-        }
-
-        val frames =
-                NimoFrameCodec.updateContentFrames(
-                        appId = textAppId,
-                        layoutId = textLayoutId,
-                        resId = textResId,
-                        resType = NimoProtocol.WIDGET_TEXT_NEW,
-                        content = text.toByteArray(Charsets.UTF_8)
-                )
-        enqueueFrames(frames)
     }
 
     // ---------- Incoming Data ----------
 
     private fun handleRxPacket(packet: ByteArray) {
+        // Diagnostic packets must retain their original wire CRC and framing.
+        if (diagnostics?.onPacket(packet) == true) return
+        if (packet.size >= 10 && packet[8].toInt() == 7 && (packet[9].toInt() and 255) in listOf(1, 3, 4)) {
+            val response = NimoCanvasCodec.response(packet) ?: return
+            if (response.first == 1) Bridge.log("NIMO: canvas Launch response status=${response.second.firstOrNull()?.toInt()}")
+            canvas.response(response.first, response.second)
+            return
+        }
         receiveAssembler.cleanup()
         for (frame in receiveAssembler.ingest(packet)) {
             val decoded = NimoFrameCodec.decode(frame) ?: continue
             val cmd = decoded.cmd ?: continue
             val key = decoded.key ?: continue
             if (cmd == NimoProtocol.CMD_INSTRUCTION_REPORT) {
-                handleReport(key, decoded.data ?: ByteArray(0))
+                if (decoded.statusCode == 0) handleReport(key, decoded.data ?: ByteArray(0))
             } else {
                 handleResponse(cmd, key, decoded.statusCode ?: 1, decoded.data ?: ByteArray(0))
             }
@@ -2293,14 +2253,16 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
                     Bridge.log("NIMO: app state report appId=$appId phase=$phase")
                     when (phase) {
                         NimoProtocol.STATE_ENTER -> {
-                            currentGlassesAppId = appId
-                            if (appId != textAppId) textAppEntered = false
-                            if (appId != NimoProtocol.APP_ID_NAV) navAppEntered = false
+                            if (appId != NimoCanvasCodec.APP_ID) {
+                                diagnostics?.cancelHeldCapture("Native app takeover preempted held capture", resumeCanvas = false)
+                            }
+                            canvas.nativeApp(appId, true)
                         }
                         NimoProtocol.STATE_EXIT -> {
-                            if (appId == currentGlassesAppId) currentGlassesAppId = -1
-                            if (appId == textAppId) textAppEntered = false
-                            if (appId == NimoProtocol.APP_ID_NAV) navAppEntered = false
+                            if (appId == NimoCanvasCodec.APP_ID) {
+                                diagnostics?.cancelHeldCapture("Canvas exit preempted held capture", resumeCanvas = false)
+                            }
+                            canvas.nativeApp(appId, false)
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -2311,7 +2273,10 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
                 }
             }
             NimoProtocol.REPORT_BUSINESS -> handleBusinessReport(data)
-            NimoProtocol.REPORT_GATT_STATE -> {}
+            NimoProtocol.REPORT_GATT_STATE -> {
+                // 0605's payload is undocumented. Only the heartbeat's defined
+                // slaveGatt field can establish peer Companion readiness.
+            }
             else -> Bridge.log("NIMO: unknown report key=$key")
         }
     }
@@ -2324,7 +2289,13 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
             NimoProtocol.BUSINESS_HEARTBEAT -> {
                 // [leftMv(2)][rightMv(2)][btSysStatus(4)][twsStatus(1)][slaveGatt(1)]
                 if (v.size >= 10) {
+                    peerCompanionReady = v[9].toInt() != 0
                     onTwsState((v[8].toInt() and 0xFF) >= 1)
+                    // Both predicates were sampled by this device report. TWS-only
+                    // reports and cached state cannot release a status-7 wait.
+                    if (handshakeState == HandshakeState.READY) {
+                        canvas.confirmedReadiness(twsConnected && peerCompanionReady != false)
+                    }
                 }
             }
             NimoProtocol.BUSINESS_BATTERY -> {
@@ -2349,6 +2320,7 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
         if (!connected && handshakeState == HandshakeState.READY) {
             Bridge.log("NIMO: TWS service dropped mid-session (arm removed/off?)")
         }
+        if (handshakeState == HandshakeState.READY) canvas.readiness(connected && peerCompanionReady != false)
     }
 
     private fun handleInputEvent(code: Int) {
@@ -2384,6 +2356,9 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
             // 5 not supported, 6 bad parameter, 7 device busy.
             Bridge.log("NIMO: response cmd=$cmd key=$key error status=$statusCode")
         }
+        if (cmd == NimoProtocol.CMD_SET_PARAMETER && key == NimoProtocol.SET_SYSTEM_LANGUAGE) {
+            Bridge.log("NIMO: English menu setting acknowledged=${statusCode == 0} status=$statusCode")
+        }
         resolvePendingAck(cmd, key, statusCode == 0)
 
         if (cmd != NimoProtocol.CMD_GET_PARAMETER || statusCode != 0) return
@@ -2448,20 +2423,15 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
 
     // ---------- Bitmap Helpers ----------
 
-    /** Aspect-fit the bitmap into [width]x[height] on black, then convert to L8 grayscale. */
+    /** Scale into the exact layout box, compositing alpha over black, then convert to L8. */
     private fun bitmapToGrayscale(source: Bitmap, width: Int, height: Int): ByteArray {
         val scaled = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888)
         val canvas = Canvas(scaled)
         canvas.drawColor(Color.BLACK)
-        val scale = minOf(width.toFloat() / source.width, height.toFloat() / source.height)
-        val dw = (source.width * scale).toInt()
-        val dh = (source.height * scale).toInt()
-        val left = (width - dw) / 2
-        val top = (height - dh) / 2
         canvas.drawBitmap(
                 source,
                 null,
-                Rect(left, top, left + dw, top + dh),
+                Rect(0, 0, width, height),
                 Paint(Paint.FILTER_BITMAP_FLAG)
         )
 
@@ -2471,62 +2441,11 @@ class Nimo : SGCManager() {
         for (i in pixels.indices) {
             val p = pixels[i]
             val luminance =
-                    (0.299 * Color.red(p) + 0.587 * Color.green(p) + 0.114 * Color.blue(p)).toInt()
-            // Invert luminance. MentraOS app bitmaps follow the platform convention of dark
-            // content on a light background (see BitmapJavaUtils: gray<128 -> "black"). Nimo's
-            // additive display lights up high 2bpp values (3 = white), so sending luma as-is
-            // lights the whole lens for the background and leaves the content dark — the
-            // inverted look. 255 - luma flips it so content renders lit on a dark lens.
-            gray[i] = (255 - luminance.coerceIn(0, 255)).toByte()
+                    (77 * Color.red(p) + 150 * Color.green(p) + 29 * Color.blue(p) + 128) shr 8
+            gray[i] = luminance.coerceIn(0, 255).toByte()
         }
         scaled.recycle()
         return gray
     }
 
-    /** L8 → 2bpp: thresholds 0x40/0x80/0xC0, 4 pixels per byte, MSB first. */
-    private fun packL8To2bpp(l8: ByteArray): ByteArray {
-        val outBytes = (l8.size + 3) shr 2
-        val dst = ByteArray(outBytes)
-        for (i in 0 until outBytes) {
-            var packed = 0
-            for (j in 0 until 4) {
-                val idx = i * 4 + j
-                var value = 0
-                if (idx < l8.size) {
-                    val px = l8[idx].toInt() and 0xFF
-                    value =
-                            when {
-                                px < 0x40 -> 0
-                                px < 0x80 -> 1
-                                px < 0xC0 -> 2
-                                else -> 3
-                            }
-                }
-                packed = packed or ((value and 0x03) shl (6 - 2 * j))
-            }
-            dst[i] = packed.toByte()
-        }
-        return dst
-    }
-
-    /** zlib-compress; falls back to uncompressed when that isn't smaller. */
-    private fun compressAdaptive(data: ByteArray): Pair<ByteArray, Int> {
-        if (data.isEmpty()) return Pair(data, NimoProtocol.COMPRESSION_NONE)
-        val deflater = Deflater()
-        deflater.setInput(data)
-        deflater.finish()
-        val out = ByteArrayOutputStream(data.size)
-        val buffer = ByteArray(4096)
-        while (!deflater.finished()) {
-            val n = deflater.deflate(buffer)
-            out.write(buffer, 0, n)
-        }
-        deflater.end()
-        val compressed = out.toByteArray()
-        return if (compressed.size < data.size) {
-            Pair(compressed, NimoProtocol.COMPRESSION_ZLIB)
-        } else {
-            Pair(data, NimoProtocol.COMPRESSION_NONE)
-        }
-    }
 }