@maestro-ai/mcp-server 1.2.0 → 2.0.0

package/dist/content/skills/specialist-desenvolvimento-mobile/resources/reference/flutter-guide.md

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+# Flutter Complete Guide
+
+## 📱 Guia Completo de Flutter
+
+**Versão:** 2.0.0  
+**Flutter:** 3.16+  
+**Dart:** 3.2+  
+**Última Atualização:** 31/01/2026
+
+---
+
+## 🎯 Visão Geral
+
+Flutter é um framework UI da Google para criar aplicações nativas compiladas para mobile, web e desktop a partir de uma única codebase. Usa a linguagem Dart e oferece widgets ricos e customizáveis.
+
+### Quando Usar Flutter
+
+✅ **Ideal para:**
+- Apps com UI altamente customizada
+- Performance próxima ao nativo necessária
+- Animações complexas e fluidas
+- Consistência visual entre plataformas
+- Projetos de médio/longo prazo
+
+❌ **Evitar para:**
+- Time sem disposição para aprender Dart
+- Necessidade de compartilhar código com web React
+- Apps muito simples (overhead desnecessário)
+- Dependência de muitas bibliotecas JavaScript
+
+---
+
+## 🏗️ Arquitetura
+
+### Estrutura de Projeto Recomendada
+
+```
+lib/
+├── main.dart
+├── app.dart
+├── core/
+│   ├── constants/
+│   ├── theme/
+│   ├── utils/
+│   └── errors/
+├── features/
+│   ├── auth/
+│   │   ├── data/
+│   │   │   ├── models/
+│   │   │   ├── repositories/
+│   │   │   └── datasources/
+│   │   ├── domain/
+│   │   │   ├── entities/
+│   │   │   ├── repositories/
+│   │   │   └── usecases/
+│   │   └── presentation/
+│   │       ├── pages/
+│   │       ├── widgets/
+│   │       └── providers/
+│   └── products/
+├── shared/
+│   ├── widgets/
+│   ├── models/
+│   └── services/
+└── routes/
+    └── app_router.dart
+```
+
+---
+
+## 🚀 Setup e Configuração
+
+### Inicialização
+
+```bash
+# Criar novo projeto
+flutter create my_app
+
+# Com template específico
+flutter create --org com.example my_app
+
+# Verificar instalação
+flutter doctor
+```
+
+### Dependências Essenciais
+
+```yaml
+# pubspec.yaml
+dependencies:
+  flutter:
+    sdk: flutter
+  
+  # State Management
+  flutter_riverpod: ^2.4.9
+  
+  # Navigation
+  go_router: ^13.0.0
+  
+  # HTTP & API
+  dio: ^5.4.0
+  retrofit: ^4.0.3
+  
+  # Local Storage
+  hive: ^2.2.3
+  hive_flutter: ^1.1.0
+  
+  # UI
+  flutter_svg: ^2.0.9
+  cached_network_image: ^3.3.1
+  
+dev_dependencies:
+  flutter_test:
+    sdk: flutter
+  flutter_lints: ^3.0.1
+  build_runner: ^2.4.7
+  hive_generator: ^2.0.1
+  mockito: ^5.4.4
+```
+
+---
+
+## 🎨 UI e Widgets
+
+### Material Design 3
+
+```dart
+import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+
+class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return MaterialApp(
+      title: 'My App',
+      theme: ThemeData(
+        useMaterial3: true,
+        colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(
+          seedColor: Colors.blue,
+          brightness: Brightness.light,
+        ),
+        textTheme: const TextTheme(
+          displayLarge: TextStyle(fontSize: 32, fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),
+          bodyLarge: TextStyle(fontSize: 16),
+        ),
+      ),
+      darkTheme: ThemeData(
+        useMaterial3: true,
+        colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(
+          seedColor: Colors.blue,
+          brightness: Brightness.dark,
+        ),
+      ),
+      home: HomeScreen(),
+    );
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Custom Widgets
+
+```dart
+class CustomButton extends StatelessWidget {
+  final String text;
+  final VoidCallback onPressed;
+  final bool isLoading;
+
+  const CustomButton({
+    Key? key,
+    required this.text,
+    required this.onPressed,
+    this.isLoading = false,
+  }) : super(key: key);
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return ElevatedButton(
+      onPressed: isLoading ? null : onPressed,
+      style: ElevatedButton.styleFrom(
+        padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 32, vertical: 16),
+        shape: RoundedRectangleBorder(
+          borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(12),
+        ),
+      ),
+      child: isLoading
+          ? const SizedBox(
+              width: 20,
+              height: 20,
+              child: CircularProgressIndicator(strokeWidth: 2),
+            )
+          : Text(text),
+    );
+  }
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## 🧭 Navegação
+
+### GoRouter
+
+```dart
+import 'package:go_router/go_router.dart';
+
+final router = GoRouter(
+  routes: [
+    GoRoute(
+      path: '/',
+      builder: (context, state) => const HomeScreen(),
+      routes: [
+        GoRoute(
+          path: 'product/:id',
+          builder: (context, state) {
+            final id = state.pathParameters['id']!;
+            return ProductDetailsScreen(productId: id);
+          },
+        ),
+        GoRoute(
+          path: 'profile',
+          builder: (context, state) => const ProfileScreen(),
+        ),
+      ],
+    ),
+  ],
+  errorBuilder: (context, state) => const ErrorScreen(),
+);
+
+// Uso
+class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return MaterialApp.router(
+      routerConfig: router,
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+// Navegação
+context.go('/product/123');
+context.push('/profile');
+context.pop();
+```
+
+---
+
+## 📡 Gerenciamento de Estado
+
+### Riverpod
+
+```dart
+import 'package:flutter_riverpod/flutter_riverpod.dart';
+
+// Provider simples
+final counterProvider = StateProvider<int>((ref) => 0);
+
+// Provider assíncrono
+final productsProvider = FutureProvider<List<Product>>((ref) async {
+  final repository = ref.watch(productRepositoryProvider);
+  return repository.getProducts();
+});
+
+// StateNotifier para estado complexo
+class AuthNotifier extends StateNotifier<AuthState> {
+  AuthNotifier() : super(const AuthState.unauthenticated());
+
+  Future<void> login(String email, String password) async {
+    state = const AuthState.loading();
+    try {
+      final user = await authService.login(email, password);
+      state = AuthState.authenticated(user);
+    } catch (e) {
+      state = AuthState.error(e.toString());
+    }
+  }
+
+  void logout() {
+    state = const AuthState.unauthenticated();
+  }
+}
+
+final authProvider = StateNotifierProvider<AuthNotifier, AuthState>((ref) {
+  return AuthNotifier();
+});
+
+// Uso em widgets
+class LoginScreen extends ConsumerWidget {
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context, WidgetRef ref) {
+    final authState = ref.watch(authProvider);
+
+    return authState.when(
+      unauthenticated: () => LoginForm(),
+      loading: () => const CircularProgressIndicator(),
+      authenticated: (user) => HomeScreen(user: user),
+      error: (message) => ErrorView(message: message),
+    );
+  }
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## ⚡ Performance
+
+### Listas Otimizadas
+
+```dart
+class ProductList extends StatelessWidget {
+  final List<Product> products;
+
+  const ProductList({Key? key, required this.products}) : super(key: key);
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return ListView.builder(
+      itemCount: products.length,
+      // Otimizações
+      cacheExtent: 100,
+      addAutomaticKeepAlives: true,
+      addRepaintBoundaries: true,
+      itemBuilder: (context, index) {
+        final product = products[index];
+        return ProductCard(
+          key: ValueKey(product.id),
+          product: product,
+        );
+      },
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+// Widget memoizado
+class ProductCard extends StatelessWidget {
+  final Product product;
+
+  const ProductCard({Key? key, required this.product}) : super(key: key);
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return Card(
+      child: ListTile(
+        leading: CachedNetworkImage(
+          imageUrl: product.imageUrl,
+          width: 60,
+          height: 60,
+          fit: BoxFit.cover,
+          placeholder: (context, url) => const CircularProgressIndicator(),
+          errorWidget: (context, url, error) => const Icon(Icons.error),
+        ),
+        title: Text(product.name),
+        subtitle: Text('R\$ ${product.price.toStringAsFixed(2)}'),
+        onTap: () => context.go('/product/${product.id}'),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Const Constructors
+
+```dart
+// Use const sempre que possível
+const Text('Hello');
+const SizedBox(height: 16);
+const Icon(Icons.home);
+
+// Em widgets customizados
+class MyWidget extends StatelessWidget {
+  const MyWidget({Key? key}) : super(key: key);
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return const Column(
+      children: [
+        Text('Title'),
+        SizedBox(height: 16),
+        Text('Body'),
+      ],
+    );
+  }
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## 🧪 Testes
+
+### Widget Tests
+
+```dart
+import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
+
+void main() {
+  testWidgets('Counter increments', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+    await tester.pumpWidget(const MyApp());
+
+    expect(find.text('0'), findsOneWidget);
+    expect(find.text('1'), findsNothing);
+
+    await tester.tap(find.byIcon(Icons.add));
+    await tester.pump();
+
+    expect(find.text('0'), findsNothing);
+    expect(find.text('1'), findsOneWidget);
+  });
+
+  testWidgets('Button shows loading state', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+    await tester.pumpWidget(
+      MaterialApp(
+        home: Scaffold(
+          body: CustomButton(
+            text: 'Submit',
+            onPressed: () {},
+            isLoading: true,
+          ),
+        ),
+      ),
+    );
+
+    expect(find.byType(CircularProgressIndicator), findsOneWidget);
+    expect(find.text('Submit'), findsNothing);
+  });
+}
+```
+
+### Integration Tests
+
+```dart
+import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
+import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
+
+void main() {
+  IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
+
+  testWidgets('Login flow', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+    await tester.pumpWidget(const MyApp());
+
+    // Enter email
+    await tester.enterText(
+      find.byKey(const Key('email-field')),
+      'user@example.com',
+    );
+
+    // Enter password
+    await tester.enterText(
+      find.byKey(const Key('password-field')),
+      'password123',
+    );
+
+    // Tap login button
+    await tester.tap(find.byKey(const Key('login-button')));
+    await tester.pumpAndSettle();
+
+    // Verify navigation to home
+    expect(find.byKey(const Key('home-screen')), findsOneWidget);
+  });
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## 📦 Build e Deploy
+
+### Android
+
+```bash
+# Build AAB
+flutter build appbundle --release
+
+# Build APK
+flutter build apk --release --split-per-abi
+
+# Output
+# build/app/outputs/bundle/release/app-release.aab
+# build/app/outputs/flutter-apk/app-armeabi-v7a-release.apk
+```
+
+### iOS
+
+```bash
+# Build iOS
+flutter build ios --release
+
+# Archive (via Xcode)
+open ios/Runner.xcworkspace
+# Product > Archive
+```
+
+---
+
+## 📚 Recursos Adicionais
+
+- **Documentação:** https://flutter.dev
+- **Pub.dev:** https://pub.dev
+- **Flutter Awesome:** https://flutterawesome.com
+
+---
+
+**Versão:** 2.0.0  
+**Última Atualização:** 31/01/2026