@maestro-ai/mcp-server 1.2.0 → 2.0.0

package/dist/content/skills/specialist-banco-dados/resources/examples/database-examples.md

@@ -0,0 +1,857 @@
+# Exemplos Práticos de Design de Banco de Dados
+
+## Sumário
+Este documento contém exemplos práticos de design de banco de dados para diferentes tipos de sistemas, servindo como referência para implementação.
+
+---
+
+## Exemplo 1: Sistema de E-commerce
+
+### Contexto
+Sistema de vendas online com gestão de produtos, pedidos, usuários e pagamentos.
+
+### Escolha do Banco
+- **PostgreSQL 15+** - Por suporte a JSONB, full-text search e pgvector
+- **Neon** - Serverless para escalabilidade
+- **Prisma** - ORM type-safe para Node.js
+
+### Schema Principal
+
+#### Users Table
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE users (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    email VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    username VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    password_hash VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    first_name VARCHAR(100),
+    last_name VARCHAR(100),
+    phone VARCHAR(20),
+    email_verified_at TIMESTAMP,
+    marketing_consent BOOLEAN DEFAULT false,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    deleted_at TIMESTAMP NULL -- Soft delete
+);
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_users_email ON users(email);
+CREATE INDEX idx_users_username ON users(username);
+CREATE INDEX idx_users_created_at ON users(created_at);
+CREATE INDEX idx_users_active ON users(email) WHERE deleted_at IS NULL;
+```
+
+#### Products Table
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE products (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    slug VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    description TEXT,
+    price DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
+    compare_price DECIMAL(10,2),
+    sku VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    barcode VARCHAR(50),
+    stock INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    weight DECIMAL(8,3),
+    dimensions JSONB, -- {"length": 10, "width": 5, "height": 2}
+    metadata JSONB, -- {"brand": "Nike", "color": "Red"}
+    status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'active',
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    deleted_at TIMESTAMP NULL
+);
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_products_name ON products(name);
+CREATE INDEX idx_products_sku ON products(sku);
+CREATE INDEX idx_products_status ON products(status);
+CREATE INDEX idx_products_price ON products(price);
+CREATE INDEX idx_products_metadata_gin ON products USING GIN(metadata);
+CREATE INDEX idx_products_in_stock ON products(id) WHERE stock > 0;
+```
+
+#### Categories Table
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE categories (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    slug VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    description TEXT,
+    parent_id UUID REFERENCES categories(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    image_url VARCHAR(500),
+    sort_order INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
+    is_active BOOLEAN DEFAULT true,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_categories_parent ON categories(parent_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_categories_active ON categories(is_active);
+CREATE INDEX idx_categories_sort ON categories(sort_order);
+```
+
+#### Orders Table
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE orders (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    user_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE RESTRICT,
+    order_number VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'pending',
+    currency VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'BRL',
+    subtotal DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
+    tax_amount DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    shipping_amount DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    total_amount DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
+    notes TEXT,
+    shipping_address JSONB NOT NULL,
+    billing_address JSONB NOT NULL,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_orders_user ON orders(user_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_orders_status ON orders(status);
+CREATE INDEX idx_orders_created_at ON orders(created_at);
+CREATE INDEX idx_orders_number ON orders(order_number);
+```
+
+#### Order Items Table
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE order_items (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    order_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES orders(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    product_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES products(id) ON DELETE RESTRICT,
+    quantity INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    unit_price DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
+    total_price DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
+    product_snapshot JSONB NOT NULL, -- Snapshot do produto no momento
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_order_items_order ON order_items(order_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_order_items_product ON order_items(product_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx_order_items_order_product ON order_items(order_id, product_id);
+```
+
+### Queries Otimizadas
+
+#### Busca de Produtos com Filtros
+```sql
+-- Query principal de busca
+SELECT 
+    p.*,
+    c.name as category_name,
+    (SELECT AVG(rating) FROM product_reviews WHERE product_id = p.id) as avg_rating,
+    (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM product_reviews WHERE product_id = p.id) as review_count
+FROM products p
+LEFT JOIN categories c ON p.metadata->>'category_id' = c.id::text
+WHERE 
+    p.status = 'active' 
+    AND p.stock > 0
+    AND (
+        LOWER(p.name) LIKE LOWER('%search_term%') OR
+        LOWER(p.description) LIKE LOWER('%search_term%') OR
+        p.metadata->>'brand' ILIKE '%search_term%'
+    )
+    AND (
+        p.price BETWEEN :min_price AND :max_price
+        OR :min_price IS NULL OR :max_price IS NULL
+    )
+ORDER BY 
+    CASE WHEN :sort = 'price_asc' THEN p.price END ASC,
+    CASE WHEN :sort = 'price_desc' THEN p.price END DESC,
+    CASE WHEN :sort = 'name' THEN p.name END ASC,
+    p.created_at DESC
+LIMIT :limit OFFSET :offset;
+```
+
+#### Dashboard de Vendas
+```sql
+-- Dashboard com CTEs para performance
+WITH daily_sales AS (
+    SELECT 
+        DATE(created_at) as date,
+        COUNT(*) as orders_count,
+        SUM(total_amount) as total_revenue
+    FROM orders
+    WHERE status IN ('confirmed', 'shipped', 'delivered')
+    AND created_at >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '30 days'
+    GROUP BY DATE(created_at)
+),
+top_products AS (
+    SELECT 
+        p.name,
+        SUM(oi.quantity) as total_sold,
+        SUM(oi.total_price) as total_revenue
+    FROM order_items oi
+    JOIN orders o ON oi.order_id = o.id
+    JOIN products p ON oi.product_id = p.id
+    WHERE o.status IN ('confirmed', 'shipped', 'delivered')
+    AND o.created_at >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '30 days'
+    GROUP BY p.id, p.name
+    ORDER BY total_sold DESC
+    LIMIT 10
+)
+SELECT 
+    (SELECT JSON_AGG(json_build_object('date', date, 'orders', orders_count, 'revenue', total_revenue)) 
+     FROM daily_sales) as daily_sales,
+    (SELECT JSON_AGG(json_build_object('name', name, 'sold', total_sold, 'revenue', total_revenue)) 
+     FROM top_products) as top_products;
+```
+
+### Migrações Exemplo
+
+#### Migration 001: Create Initial Tables
+```sql
+-- 001_create_initial_tables.sql
+BEGIN;
+
+-- Users
+CREATE TABLE users (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    email VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    username VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    password_hash VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Products
+CREATE TABLE products (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    slug VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    price DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
+    stock INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'active',
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Orders
+CREATE TABLE orders (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    user_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE RESTRICT,
+    order_number VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'pending',
+    total_amount DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Order Items
+CREATE TABLE order_items (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    order_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES orders(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    product_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES products(id) ON DELETE RESTRICT,
+    quantity INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    unit_price DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
+    total_price DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_users_email ON users(email);
+CREATE INDEX idx_products_name ON products(name);
+CREATE INDEX idx_orders_user ON orders(user_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_order_items_order ON order_items(order_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_order_items_product ON order_items(product_id);
+
+COMMIT;
+```
+
+#### Migration 002: Add Categories and Product Categories
+```sql
+-- 002_add_categories.sql
+BEGIN;
+
+-- Categories
+CREATE TABLE categories (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    slug VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    description TEXT,
+    parent_id UUID REFERENCES categories(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Product Categories (junction table)
+CREATE TABLE product_categories (
+    product_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES products(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    category_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES categories(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    PRIMARY KEY (product_id, category_id)
+);
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_categories_parent ON categories(parent_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_product_categories_product ON product_categories(product_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_product_categories_category ON product_categories(category_id);
+
+COMMIT;
+```
+
+---
+
+## Exemplo 2: Sistema de Blog
+
+### Contexto
+Sistema de blog com posts, comentários, usuários e tags.
+
+### Escolha do Banco
+- **PostgreSQL** - Suporte a full-text search e JSONB
+- **Self-hosted** - Controle total
+- **TypeORM** - ORM para Node.js
+
+### Schema Principal
+
+#### Posts Table
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE posts (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    title VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    slug VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    content TEXT NOT NULL,
+    excerpt TEXT,
+    status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'draft',
+    author_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE RESTRICT,
+    featured_image VARCHAR(500),
+    metadata JSONB DEFAULT '{}',
+    published_at TIMESTAMP,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    deleted_at TIMESTAMP NULL
+);
+
+-- Full-text search index
+CREATE INDEX idx_posts_search ON posts USING GIN (
+    to_tsvector('portuguese', title || ' ' || content)
+);
+
+-- Índices de performance
+CREATE INDEX idx_posts_author ON posts(author_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_posts_status ON posts(status);
+CREATE INDEX idx_posts_published ON posts(published_at) WHERE status = 'published';
+CREATE INDEX idx_posts_active ON posts(slug) WHERE deleted_at IS NULL;
+```
+
+#### Tags Table
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE tags (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    slug VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    color VARCHAR(7) DEFAULT '#6366f1',
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Post Tags (junction table)
+CREATE TABLE post_tags (
+    post_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES posts(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    tag_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES tags(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    PRIMARY KEY (post_id, tag_id)
+);
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_tags_post ON post_tags(post_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_tags_tag ON post_tags(tag_id);
+```
+
+#### Comments Table
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE comments (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    post_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES posts(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    author_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    author_email VARCHAR(255),
+    content TEXT NOT NULL,
+    status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'pending',
+    parent_id UUID REFERENCES comments(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    ip_address INET,
+    user_agent TEXT,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_comments_post ON comments(post_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_comments_parent ON comments(parent_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_comments_status ON comments(status);
+CREATE INDEX idx_comments_created ON comments(created_at);
+```
+
+### Queries de Blog
+
+#### Busca Full-Text
+```sql
+-- Busca de posts com ranking
+SELECT 
+    p.*,
+    ts_rank(
+        to_tsvector('portuguese', p.title || ' ' || p.content),
+        plainto_tsquery('portuguese', :search_term)
+    ) as rank,
+    ts_headline('portuguese', p.title || ' ' || p.content, plainto_tsquery('portuguese', :search_term)) as snippet
+FROM posts p
+WHERE 
+    p.status = 'published'
+    AND to_tsvector('portuguese', p.title || ' ' || p.content) @@ plainto_tsquery('portuguese', :search_term)
+ORDER BY rank DESC, p.published_at DESC
+LIMIT :limit;
+```
+
+#### Posts Populares
+```sql
+-- Posts populares (baseado em comentários e views)
+SELECT 
+    p.*,
+    COUNT(c.id) as comment_count,
+    COUNT(DISTINCT v.session_id) as view_count
+FROM posts p
+LEFT JOIN comments c ON p.id = c.post_id AND c.status = 'approved'
+LEFT JOIN post_views v ON p.id = v.post_id AND v.created_at >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '7 days'
+WHERE 
+    p.status = 'published'
+    AND p.published_at >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '30 days'
+GROUP BY p.id
+ORDER BY 
+    (COUNT(c.id) * 0.7 + COUNT(DISTINCT v.session_id) * 0.3) DESC
+LIMIT 10;
+```
+
+---
+
+## Exemplo 3: Sistema de IoT
+
+### Contexto
+Sistema de IoT com sensores, dispositivos e dados de tempo real.
+
+### Escolha do Banco
+- **TimescaleDB** - Extensão PostgreSQL para time-series
+- **Redis** - Cache e dados em tempo real
+- **MongoDB** - Dados flexíveis de dispositivos
+
+### Schema Principal
+
+#### Devices Table
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE devices (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    device_id VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    type VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
+    location JSONB,
+    metadata JSONB DEFAULT '{}',
+    status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'active',
+    last_seen TIMESTAMP,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_devices_device_id ON devices(device_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_devices_type ON devices(type);
+CREATE INDEX idx_devices_status ON devices(status);
+CREATE INDEX idx_devices_last_seen ON devices(last_seen);
+CREATE INDEX idx_devices_location_gin ON devices USING GIN(location);
+```
+
+#### Sensor Data (Hypertable)
+```sql
+-- Criar hypertable para dados de sensores
+CREATE TABLE sensor_data (
+    time TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
+    device_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES devices(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    metric_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
+    value DOUBLE PRECISION,
+    unit VARCHAR(20),
+    quality INTEGER DEFAULT 100,
+    metadata JSONB DEFAULT '{}'
+);
+
+-- Criar hypertable
+SELECT create_hypertable('sensor_data', 'time');
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_sensor_data_device_time ON sensor_data (device_id, time DESC);
+CREATE INDEX idx_sensor_data_metric ON sensor_data (metric_name);
+```
+
+#### Alerts Table
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE alerts (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    device_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES devices(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    metric_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
+    condition VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    threshold DOUBLE PRECISION,
+    severity VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
+    status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'active',
+    triggered_at TIMESTAMP,
+    resolved_at TIMESTAMP,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_alerts_device ON alerts(device_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_alerts_status ON alerts(status);
+CREATE INDEX idx_alerts_triggered ON alerts(triggered_at);
+```
+
+### Queries de IoT
+
+#### Dados Recentes do Dispositivo
+```sql
+-- Últimas 24 horas de dados de um dispositivo
+SELECT 
+    time,
+    metric_name,
+    value,
+    unit,
+    quality
+FROM sensor_data
+WHERE 
+    device_id = :device_id
+    AND time >= NOW() - INTERVAL '24 hours'
+ORDER BY time DESC;
+```
+
+#### Alertas Ativos
+```sql
+-- Alertas não resolvidos
+SELECT 
+    d.name as device_name,
+    a.metric_name,
+    a.condition,
+    a.threshold,
+    a.severity,
+    a.triggered_at
+FROM alerts a
+JOIN devices d ON a.device_id = d.id
+WHERE 
+    a.status = 'active'
+    AND a.triggered_at IS NOT NULL
+ORDER BY a.triggered_at DESC;
+```
+
+---
+
+## Exemplo 4: Sistema de Analytics
+
+### Contexto
+Sistema de analytics com eventos de usuário, métricas e dashboards.
+
+### Escolha do Banco
+- **ClickHouse** - Analytics e OLAP
+- **PostgreSQL** - Dados de configuração
+- **Redis** - Cache de métricas
+
+### Schema Principal
+
+#### Events Table (ClickHouse)
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE events (
+    timestamp DateTime,
+    user_id UUID,
+    event_type String,
+    properties JSON,
+    session_id String,
+    ip_address IPv4,
+    user_agent String
+) ENGINE = MergeTree()
+PARTITION BY toYYYYMMDD(timestamp)
+ORDER BY (timestamp, user_id, event_type);
+```
+
+#### Metrics Table
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE metrics (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    description TEXT,
+    type VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, -- counter, gauge, histogram
+    tags JSONB DEFAULT '{}',
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Metric Values (time-series)
+CREATE TABLE metric_values (
+    timestamp TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
+    metric_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES metrics(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    value DOUBLE PRECISION,
+    tags JSONB DEFAULT '{}'
+);
+
+-- Criar hypertable para valores
+SELECT create_hypertable('metric_values', 'timestamp');
+```
+
+### Queries de Analytics
+
+#### Eventos por Período
+```sql
+-- Contagem de eventos por tipo e período
+SELECT 
+    event_type,
+    toStartOfDay(timestamp) as day,
+    COUNT(*) as event_count,
+    COUNT(DISTINCT user_id) as unique_users
+FROM events
+WHERE 
+    timestamp >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '30 days'
+GROUP BY 
+    event_type,
+    toStartOfDay(timestamp)
+ORDER BY day DESC, event_count DESC;
+```
+
+#### Funil de Conversão
+```sql
+-- Funil de conversão por etapa
+WITH user_sessions AS (
+    SELECT 
+        user_id,
+        session_id,
+        min(timestamp) as session_start,
+        max(timestamp) as session_end,
+        array_agg(DISTINCT event_type ORDER BY timestamp) as events
+    FROM events
+    WHERE 
+        timestamp >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '7 days'
+    GROUP BY user_id, session_id
+),
+conversion_funnel AS (
+    SELECT 
+        event_type,
+        COUNT(DISTINCT user_id) as users,
+        COUNT(DISTINCT user_id) * 100.0 / LAG(COUNT(DISTINCT user_id)) OVER (ORDER BY event_type) as conversion_rate
+    FROM user_sessions
+    WHERE 
+        events @> ['page_view'] -- Todos que viram a página
+    GROUP BY event_type
+)
+SELECT 
+    event_type,
+    users,
+    ROUND(conversion_rate, 2) as conversion_rate
+FROM conversion_funnel
+ORDER BY 
+    CASE event_type
+        WHEN 'page_view' THEN 1
+        WHEN 'add_to_cart' THEN 2
+        WHEN 'begin_checkout' THEN 3
+        WHEN 'purchase' THEN 4
+    END;
+```
+
+---
+
+## Exemplo 5: Sistema Financeiro
+
+### Contexto
+Sistema financeiro com contas, transações e auditoria.
+
+### Escolha do Banco
+- **PostgreSQL** - ACID e extensões financeiras
+- **Criptografia** - Dados sensíveis
+- **Auditoria** - Logs completos
+
+### Schema Principal
+
+#### Accounts Table
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE accounts (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    user_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE RESTRICT,
+    account_number VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    type VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, -- checking, savings, credit
+    balance DECIMAL(15,2) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    currency VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'BRL',
+    status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'active',
+    metadata JSONB DEFAULT '{}',
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_accounts_user ON accounts(user_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_accounts_number ON accounts(account_number);
+CREATE INDEX idx_accounts_type ON accounts(type);
+CREATE INDEX idx_accounts_status ON accounts(status);
+```
+
+#### Transactions Table
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE transactions (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    account_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES accounts(id) ON DELETE RESTRICT,
+    type VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, -- debit, credit, transfer
+    amount DECIMAL(15,2) NOT NULL,
+    description TEXT,
+    reference_id UUID, -- Para transferências
+    metadata JSONB DEFAULT '{}',
+    status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'pending',
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_transactions_account ON transactions(account_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_transactions_type ON transactions(type);
+CREATE INDEX idx_transactions_status ON transactions(status);
+CREATE INDEX idx_transactions_created ON transactions(created_at);
+CREATE INDEX idx_transactions_reference ON transactions(reference_id);
+```
+
+#### Audit Log Table
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE audit_log (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    table_name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    operation VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL, -- INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
+    record_id UUID NOT NULL,
+    old_values JSONB,
+    new_values JSONB,
+    user_id UUID REFERENCES users(id),
+    ip_address INET,
+    user_agent TEXT,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+-- Índices
+CREATE INDEX idx_audit_log_table ON audit_log(table_name);
+CREATE INDEX idx_audit_log_record ON audit_log(record_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_audit_log_user ON audit_log(user_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_audit_log_created ON audit_log(created_at);
+```
+
+### Queries Financeiras
+
+#### Extrato da Conta
+```sql
+-- Extrato com saldo acumulado
+WITH transaction_balances AS (
+    SELECT 
+        id,
+        account_id,
+        type,
+        amount,
+        description,
+        created_at,
+        SUM(CASE WHEN type = 'credit' THEN amount ELSE -amount END) 
+            OVER (PARTITION BY account_id ORDER BY created_at) as running_balance
+    FROM transactions
+    WHERE 
+        account_id = :account_id
+        AND status = 'completed'
+)
+SELECT 
+    id,
+    type,
+    amount,
+    description,
+    running_balance,
+    created_at
+FROM transaction_balances
+ORDER BY created_at DESC;
+```
+
+#### Relatório Financeiro
+```sql
+-- Relatório mensal por tipo de transação
+SELECT 
+    DATE_TRUNC('month', created_at) as month,
+    type,
+    COUNT(*) as transaction_count,
+    SUM(CASE WHEN type = 'credit' THEN amount ELSE 0 END) as total_credits,
+    SUM(CASE WHEN type = 'debit' THEN amount ELSE 0 END) as total_debits,
+    SUM(CASE WHEN type = 'credit' THEN amount ELSE -amount END) as net_amount
+FROM transactions
+WHERE 
+    status = 'completed'
+    AND created_at >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '12 months'
+GROUP BY 
+    DATE_TRUNC('month', created_at),
+    type
+ORDER BY month DESC, type;
+```
+
+---
+
+## Padrões e Melhores Práticas
+
+### 1. Naming Conventions
+- **Tables:** snake_case plural (users, orders, products)
+- **Columns:** snake_case (created_at, user_id, first_name)
+- **Indexes:** idx_[table]_[columns] (idx_users_email)
+- **Constraints:** pk_[table], uk_[table]_[column], fk_[table]_[reference]
+
+### 2. Data Types
+- **IDs:** UUID para novas tabelas
+- **Timestamps:** TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
+- **JSON:** JSONB para dados estruturados
+- **Money:** DECIMAL(15,2) para valores monetários
+
+### 3. Performance
+- **Índices:** Para WHERE, JOIN, ORDER BY
+- **Covering Indexes:** Incluir colunas do SELECT
+- **Partial Indexes:** Para subsets de dados
+- **Partitioning:** Para tabelas grandes
+
+### 4. Segurança
+- **Soft Deletes:** deleted_at em vez de DELETE
+- **Row Level Security:** Para acesso granular
+- **Encryption:** Para dados sensíveis
+- **Audit Trail:** Registrar mudanças
+
+### 5. Migrações
+- **Zero-Downtime:** Usar CONCURRENTLY
+- **Backward Compatible:** Não quebrar código existente
+- **Rollback:** Sempre ter rollback
+- **Testing:** Validar em staging
+
+---
+
+## Ferramentas Úteis
+
+### Diagramação
+- **dbdiagram.io:** Diagramas online
+- **Draw.io:** Diagramas visuais
+- **PlantUML:** Diagramas de texto
+- **Mermaid:** Diagramas em Markdown
+
+### Testing
+- **pgTAP:** Testes unitários PostgreSQL
+- **Factory Boy:** Dados de teste
+- **Faker:** Dados falsos
+- **TestContainers:** Banco em container
+
+### Monitoring
+- **pg_stat_statements:** Queries lentas
+- **pg_stat_activity:** Conexões ativas
+- **pg_stat_user_indexes:** Uso de índices
+- **EXPLAIN ANALYZE:** Plano de execução
+
+---
+
+## Referências
+
+### Documentação
+- **PostgreSQL:** [postgresql.org/docs](https://postgresql.org/docs/)
+- **MySQL:** [dev.mysql.com/doc](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/)
+- **MongoDB:** [docs.mongodb.com](https://docs.mongodb.com/)
+
+### Livros
+- **Database Design:** "Database Design for Mere Mortals"
+- **Performance:** "High Performance MySQL"
+- **PostgreSQL:** "PostgreSQL 14 Internals"
+
+### Blogs
+- **Planet PostgreSQL:** planet.postgresql.org
+- **MySQL Performance Blog:** www.percona.com/blog
+- **Database Weekly:** www.dbweekly.com