@luquimbo/bi-superpowers 3.1.0 → 3.2.0

package/library/snippets/dax/error-handling.md

@@ -1,495 +0,0 @@
-# Error Handling and Defensive DAX
-
-Patterns for handling errors, blanks, edge cases, and creating robust measures.
-
----
-
-## DIVIDE Function
-
-### Basic Safe Division
-
-```dax
--- Always use DIVIDE instead of /
-Profit_Margin =
-DIVIDE(
-    SUM(Sales[Profit]),
-    SUM(Sales[Revenue])
-)
--- Returns BLANK if denominator is 0 or blank
-```
-
-### Custom Alternate Result
-
-```dax
--- Return 0 instead of BLANK
-Profit_Margin_Zero =
-DIVIDE(
-    SUM(Sales[Profit]),
-    SUM(Sales[Revenue]),
-    0  -- Return 0 when can't divide
-)
-```
-
-### Nested DIVIDE for Complex Calculations
-
-```dax
--- Multiple divisions with safety
-Efficiency_Ratio =
-DIVIDE(
-    DIVIDE(SUM(Sales[Units]), SUM(Staff[Hours])),
-    DIVIDE(SUM(Budget[Units]), SUM(Budget[Hours])),
-    1  -- Return 1 (100%) if comparison not possible
-)
-```
-
----
-
-## BLANK Handling
-
-### ISBLANK / BLANK
-
-```dax
--- Check for blank and substitute
-Sales_Display =
-IF(
-    ISBLANK(SUM(Sales[Amount])),
-    0,
-    SUM(Sales[Amount])
-)
-```
-
-### COALESCE (DAX 2019+)
-
-```dax
--- First non-blank value
-Customer_Contact =
-COALESCE(
-    [PreferredEmail],
-    [WorkEmail],
-    [PersonalEmail],
-    "No Email"
-)
-```
-
-```dax
--- Chain of fallback values
-Revenue_Display =
-COALESCE(
-    [Actual Revenue],
-    [Forecast Revenue],
-    [Budget Revenue],
-    0
-)
-```
-
-### Handle Blank in Comparisons
-
-```dax
--- Safe comparison with potential blanks
-Has_Sales =
-VAR _Sales = SUM(Sales[Amount])
-RETURN
-    IF(
-        ISBLANK(_Sales) || _Sales = 0,
-        "No",
-        "Yes"
-    )
-```
-
----
-
-## Error Handling
-
-### IFERROR - Catch All Errors
-
-```dax
--- Handle any calculation error
-Safe_Calculation =
-IFERROR(
-    [ComplexMeasure] / [AnotherMeasure],
-    BLANK()
-)
-```
-
-### ISERROR - Test Before Calculate
-
-```dax
--- Test for error condition
-Error_Status =
-IF(
-    ISERROR([RiskyCalculation]),
-    "Error in calculation",
-    FORMAT([RiskyCalculation], "#,##0")
-)
-```
-
-### Error Handling in Iterators
-
-```dax
--- Safe iteration with error handling
-Total_Safe =
-SUMX(
-    Sales,
-    IFERROR(
-        Sales[Quantity] * Sales[Price] / Sales[Discount],
-        Sales[Quantity] * Sales[Price]  -- Fallback if error
-    )
-)
-```
-
----
-
-## Null and Empty String Handling
-
-### Distinguish BLANK from Empty String
-
-```dax
--- Check for truly empty values
-Has_Value =
-VAR _Value = SELECTEDVALUE(Products[Description])
-RETURN
-    IF(
-        ISBLANK(_Value) || _Value = "",
-        FALSE(),
-        TRUE()
-    )
-```
-
-### Clean Text Input
-
-```dax
--- Handle various empty states
-Clean_Name =
-VAR _Raw = SELECTEDVALUE(Customers[Name])
-RETURN
-    IF(
-        ISBLANK(_Raw) || TRIM(_Raw) = "" || _Raw = "N/A" || _Raw = "NULL",
-        "(Unknown)",
-        TRIM(_Raw)
-    )
-```
-
----
-
-## Context Validation
-
-### HASONEVALUE - Single Selection Check
-
-```dax
--- Only calculate if single value selected
-Unit_Price_Display =
-IF(
-    HASONEVALUE(Products[ProductName]),
-    SELECTEDVALUE(Products[UnitPrice]),
-    BLANK()  -- Don't show if multiple products
-)
-```
-
-### HASONEFILTER - Filter Check
-
-```dax
--- Check if filter is applied
-Status_Message =
-IF(
-    HASONEFILTER(Products[Category]),
-    "Showing: " & SELECTEDVALUE(Products[Category]),
-    "All Categories"
-)
-```
-
-### ISFILTERED / ISCROSSFILTERED
-
-```dax
--- Validate filter state
-Contextual_Result =
-SWITCH(
-    TRUE(),
-    NOT ISFILTERED(Products[Category]), [Total_All],
-    ISFILTERED(Products[Category]) && NOT ISCROSSFILTERED(Regions), [Total_Category],
-    [Total_Filtered]
-)
-```
-
-### SELECTEDVALUE with Fallback
-
-```dax
--- Safe single value selection
-Selected_Product =
-SELECTEDVALUE(
-    Products[ProductName],
-    "(Multiple Products Selected)"  -- Default when not single value
-)
-```
-
----
-
-## Date Validation
-
-### Check for Valid Dates
-
-```dax
--- Validate date exists
-Days_Since_Order =
-VAR _OrderDate = MAX(Sales[OrderDate])
-VAR _Today = TODAY()
-RETURN
-    IF(
-        ISBLANK(_OrderDate) || _OrderDate > _Today,
-        BLANK(),
-        DATEDIFF(_OrderDate, _Today, DAY)
-    )
-```
-
-### Handle Date Range Edge Cases
-
-```dax
--- Safe date period calculation
-Period_Sales =
-VAR _StartDate = MIN('Date'[Date])
-VAR _EndDate = MAX('Date'[Date])
-RETURN
-    IF(
-        ISBLANK(_StartDate) || ISBLANK(_EndDate) || _StartDate > _EndDate,
-        BLANK(),
-        CALCULATE(
-            SUM(Sales[Amount]),
-            'Date'[Date] >= _StartDate && 'Date'[Date] <= _EndDate
-        )
-    )
-```
-
----
-
-## Data Quality Measures
-
-### Completeness Check
-
-```dax
-Data_Completeness =
-VAR _TotalRows = COUNTROWS(Sales)
-VAR _CompleteRows =
-    COUNTROWS(
-        FILTER(
-            Sales,
-            NOT ISBLANK(Sales[Amount])
-                && NOT ISBLANK(Sales[CustomerID])
-                && NOT ISBLANK(Sales[ProductID])
-                && NOT ISBLANK(Sales[Date])
-        )
-    )
-RETURN
-    DIVIDE(_CompleteRows, _TotalRows)
-```
-
-### Duplicate Detection
-
-```dax
-Duplicate_Orders =
-VAR _UniqueOrders = DISTINCTCOUNT(Sales[OrderID])
-VAR _TotalRows = COUNTROWS(Sales)
-RETURN
-    IF(
-        _UniqueOrders < _TotalRows,
-        _TotalRows - _UniqueOrders,
-        0
-    )
-```
-
-### Outlier Detection
-
-```dax
-Outlier_Count =
-VAR _Avg = AVERAGE(Sales[Amount])
-VAR _StdDev =
-    SQRT(
-        AVERAGEX(Sales, POWER(Sales[Amount] - _Avg, 2))
-    )
-VAR _LowerBound = _Avg - (3 * _StdDev)
-VAR _UpperBound = _Avg + (3 * _StdDev)
-RETURN
-    COUNTROWS(
-        FILTER(
-            Sales,
-            Sales[Amount] < _LowerBound || Sales[Amount] > _UpperBound
-        )
-    )
-```
-
----
-
-## Conditional Logic Patterns
-
-### SWITCH with Catch-All
-
-```dax
--- Always include default case
-Region_Group =
-SWITCH(
-    SELECTEDVALUE(Geography[Country]),
-    "USA", "North America",
-    "Canada", "North America",
-    "Mexico", "North America",
-    "UK", "Europe",
-    "Germany", "Europe",
-    "France", "Europe",
-    "Other"  -- Catch-all for unknown values
-)
-```
-
-### SWITCH TRUE Pattern
-
-```dax
--- Complex conditional with error handling
-Performance_Level =
-VAR _Value = [Sales_vs_Target]
-RETURN
-    SWITCH(
-        TRUE(),
-        ISBLANK(_Value), "No Data",
-        ISERROR(_Value), "Error",
-        _Value >= 1.2, "Exceeds",
-        _Value >= 1.0, "Meets",
-        _Value >= 0.8, "Below",
-        _Value < 0.8, "Critical",
-        "Unknown"  -- Should never reach here
-    )
-```
-
-### Nested IF vs SWITCH
-
-```dax
--- Prefer SWITCH for multiple conditions
--- Less error-prone than nested IFs
-Status_SWITCH =
-SWITCH(
-    TRUE(),
-    [DaysOverdue] > 90, "Critical",
-    [DaysOverdue] > 60, "Severe",
-    [DaysOverdue] > 30, "Warning",
-    [DaysOverdue] > 0, "Overdue",
-    [DaysOverdue] = 0, "Due Today",
-    "On Track"
-)
-```
-
----
-
-## Debug Measures
-
-### Show Calculation Context
-
-```dax
--- Debug: Show current filter context
-Debug_Context =
-"Products: " & COUNTROWS(Products) &
-" | Dates: " & COUNTROWS('Date') &
-" | Filtered: " & IF(ISFILTERED(Products), "Yes", "No")
-```
-
-### Trace Measure Calculation
-
-```dax
--- Debug: Step-by-step calculation
-Debug_Calculation =
-VAR _Step1 = SUM(Sales[Quantity])
-VAR _Step2 = AVERAGE(Sales[UnitPrice])
-VAR _Step3 = _Step1 * _Step2
-VAR _Step4 = DIVIDE(_Step3, 100)
-RETURN
-    "Qty:" & _Step1 &
-    " | AvgPrice:" & _Step2 &
-    " | Product:" & _Step3 &
-    " | Result:" & _Step4
-```
-
-### Validate Intermediate Results
-
-```dax
--- Production measure with validation
-Revenue_Validated =
-VAR _Quantity = SUM(Sales[Quantity])
-VAR _Price = AVERAGE(Sales[UnitPrice])
-VAR _Result = _Quantity * _Price
-RETURN
-    IF(
-        _Quantity < 0 || _Price < 0,
-        ERROR("Negative values detected in Revenue calculation"),
-        _Result
-    )
-```
-
----
-
-## Best Practices
-
-### 1. Always Use DIVIDE
-
-```dax
--- Never do this
-Bad_Ratio = [Sales] / [Customers]
-
--- Always do this
-Good_Ratio = DIVIDE([Sales], [Customers])
-```
-
-### 2. Validate Before Calculate
-
-```dax
--- Check inputs before complex calculation
-Complex_Result =
-IF(
-    ISBLANK([Input1]) || ISBLANK([Input2]) || [Input2] = 0,
-    BLANK(),
-    [ComplexCalculation]
-)
-```
-
-### 3. Use Variables for Intermediate Checks
-
-```dax
--- Capture values once, validate, then calculate
-Safe_Growth =
-VAR _Current = SUM(Sales[Amount])
-VAR _Prior = [Sales_PY]
-RETURN
-    IF(
-        ISBLANK(_Current) || ISBLANK(_Prior) || _Prior = 0,
-        BLANK(),
-        DIVIDE(_Current - _Prior, _Prior)
-    )
-```
-
-### 4. Handle Edge Cases Explicitly
-
-```dax
--- Consider all scenarios
-Date_Status =
-VAR _Date = SELECTEDVALUE(Sales[DueDate])
-VAR _Today = TODAY()
-RETURN
-    SWITCH(
-        TRUE(),
-        ISBLANK(_Date), "No Due Date",
-        _Date < DATE(1900, 1, 1), "Invalid Date",
-        _Date > DATE(2100, 12, 31), "Invalid Date",
-        _Date < _Today, "Past Due",
-        _Date = _Today, "Due Today",
-        _Date <= _Today + 7, "Due This Week",
-        "Upcoming"
-    )
-```
-
----
-
-## Error Prevention Checklist
-
-| Issue | Prevention |
-|-------|------------|
-| Division by zero | Use DIVIDE() |
-| Blank values | ISBLANK() checks, COALESCE() |
-| Missing data | SELECTEDVALUE with alternate |
-| Invalid dates | Date range validation |
-| Context errors | HASONEVALUE, ISFILTERED |
-| Type mismatches | Explicit conversions |
-| Calculation errors | IFERROR wrapper |
-| Edge cases | SWITCH TRUE with default |