@luanpdd/kit-mcp 1.30.2 → 1.32.0

package/kit/framework/bin/lib/security.cjs

@@ -1,382 +1,382 @@
-/**
- * Security — Input validation, path traversal prevention, and prompt injection guards
- *
- * This module centralizes security checks for framework tooling. Because framework generates
- * markdown files that become LLM system prompts (agent instructions, workflow state,
- * phase plans), any user-controlled text that flows into these files is a potential
- * indirect prompt injection vector.
- *
- * Threat model:
- *   1. Path traversal: user-supplied file paths escape the project directory
- *   2. Prompt injection: malicious text in arguments/PRDs embeds LLM instructions
- *   3. Shell metacharacter injection: user text interpreted by shell
- *   4. JSON injection: malformed JSON crashes or corrupts state
- *   5. Regex DoS: crafted input causes catastrophic backtracking
- */
-'use strict';
-
-const fs = require('fs');
-const path = require('path');
-
-// ─── Path Traversal Prevention ──────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-/**
- * Validate that a file path resolves within an allowed base directory.
- * Prevents path traversal attacks via ../ sequences, symlinks, or absolute paths.
- *
- * @param {string} filePath - The user-supplied file path
- * @param {string} baseDir - The allowed base directory (e.g., project root)
- * @param {object} [opts] - Options
- * @param {boolean} [opts.allowAbsolute=false] - Allow absolute paths (still must be within baseDir)
- * @returns {{ safe: boolean, resolved: string, error?: string }}
- */
-function validatePath(filePath, baseDir, opts = {}) {
-  if (!filePath || typeof filePath !== 'string') {
-    return { safe: false, resolved: '', error: 'Empty or invalid file path' };
-  }
-
-  if (!baseDir || typeof baseDir !== 'string') {
-    return { safe: false, resolved: '', error: 'Empty or invalid base directory' };
-  }
-
-  // Reject null bytes (can bypass path checks in some environments)
-  if (filePath.includes('\0')) {
-    return { safe: false, resolved: '', error: 'Path contains null bytes' };
-  }
-
-  // Resolve symlinks in base directory to handle macOS /var -> /private/var
-  // and similar platform-specific symlink chains
-  let resolvedBase;
-  try {
-    resolvedBase = fs.realpathSync(path.resolve(baseDir));
-  } catch {
-    resolvedBase = path.resolve(baseDir);
-  }
-
-  let resolvedPath;
-
-  if (path.isAbsolute(filePath)) {
-    if (!opts.allowAbsolute) {
-      return { safe: false, resolved: '', error: 'Absolute paths not allowed' };
-    }
-    resolvedPath = path.resolve(filePath);
-  } else {
-    resolvedPath = path.resolve(baseDir, filePath);
-  }
-
-  // Resolve symlinks in the target path too
-  try {
-    resolvedPath = fs.realpathSync(resolvedPath);
-  } catch {
-    // File may not exist yet (e.g., about to be created) — use logical resolution
-    // but still resolve the parent directory if it exists
-    const parentDir = path.dirname(resolvedPath);
-    try {
-      const realParent = fs.realpathSync(parentDir);
-      resolvedPath = path.join(realParent, path.basename(resolvedPath));
-    } catch {
-      // Parent doesn't exist either — keep the resolved path as-is
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Normalize both paths and check containment
-  const normalizedBase = resolvedBase + path.sep;
-  const normalizedPath = resolvedPath + path.sep;
-
-  // The resolved path must start with the base directory
-  // (or be exactly the base directory)
-  if (resolvedPath !== resolvedBase && !normalizedPath.startsWith(normalizedBase)) {
-    return {
-      safe: false,
-      resolved: resolvedPath,
-      error: `Path escapes allowed directory: ${resolvedPath} is outside ${resolvedBase}`,
-    };
-  }
-
-  return { safe: true, resolved: resolvedPath };
-}
-
-/**
- * Validate a file path and throw on traversal attempt.
- * Convenience wrapper around validatePath for use in CLI commands.
- */
-function requireSafePath(filePath, baseDir, label, opts = {}) {
-  const result = validatePath(filePath, baseDir, opts);
-  if (!result.safe) {
-    throw new Error(`${label || 'Path'} validation failed: ${result.error}`);
-  }
-  return result.resolved;
-}
-
-// ─── Prompt Injection Detection ─────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-/**
- * Patterns that indicate prompt injection attempts in user-supplied text.
- * These patterns catch common indirect prompt injection techniques where
- * an attacker embeds LLM instructions in text that will be read by an agent.
- *
- * Note: This is defense-in-depth — not a complete solution. The primary defense
- * is proper input/output boundaries in agent prompts.
- */
-const INJECTION_PATTERNS = [
-  // Direct instruction override attempts
-  /ignore\s+(all\s+)?previous\s+instructions/i,
-  /ignore\s+(all\s+)?above\s+instructions/i,
-  /disregard\s+(all\s+)?previous/i,
-  /forget\s+(all\s+)?(your\s+)?instructions/i,
-  /override\s+(system|previous)\s+(prompt|instructions)/i,
-
-  // Role/identity manipulation
-  /you\s+are\s+now\s+(?:a|an|the)\s+/i,
-  /act\s+as\s+(?:a|an|the)\s+(?!plan|phase|wave)/i,  // allow "act as a plan"
-  /pretend\s+(?:you(?:'re| are)\s+|to\s+be\s+)/i,
-  /from\s+now\s+on,?\s+you\s+(?:are|will|should|must)/i,
-
-  // System prompt extraction
-  /(?:print|output|reveal|show|display|repeat)\s+(?:your\s+)?(?:system\s+)?(?:prompt|instructions)/i,
-  /what\s+(?:are|is)\s+your\s+(?:system\s+)?(?:prompt|instructions)/i,
-
-  // Hidden instruction markers (XML/HTML tags that mimic system messages)
-  // Note: <instructions> is excluded — framework uses it as legitimate prompt structure
-  // Requires > to close the tag (not just whitespace) to avoid matching generic types like Promise<User | null>
-  /<\/?(?:system|assistant|human)>/i,
-  /\[SYSTEM\]/i,
-  /\[INST\]/i,
-  /<<\s*SYS\s*>>/i,
-
-  // Exfiltration attempts
-  /(?:send|post|fetch|curl|wget)\s+(?:to|from)\s+https?:\/\//i,
-  /(?:base64|btoa|encode)\s+(?:and\s+)?(?:send|exfiltrate|output)/i,
-
-  // Tool manipulation
-  /(?:run|execute|call|invoke)\s+(?:the\s+)?(?:bash|shell|exec|spawn)\s+(?:tool|command)/i,
-];
-
-/**
- * Scan text for potential prompt injection patterns.
- * Returns an array of findings (empty = clean).
- *
- * @param {string} text - The text to scan
- * @param {object} [opts] - Options
- * @param {boolean} [opts.strict=false] - Enable stricter matching (more false positives)
- * @returns {{ clean: boolean, findings: string[] }}
- */
-function scanForInjection(text, opts = {}) {
-  if (!text || typeof text !== 'string') {
-    return { clean: true, findings: [] };
-  }
-
-  const findings = [];
-
-  for (const pattern of INJECTION_PATTERNS) {
-    if (pattern.test(text)) {
-      findings.push(`Matched injection pattern: ${pattern.source}`);
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (opts.strict) {
-    // Check for suspicious Unicode that could hide instructions
-    // (zero-width chars, RTL override, homoglyph attacks)
-    if (/[\u200B-\u200F\u2028-\u202F\uFEFF\u00AD]/.test(text)) {
-      findings.push('Contains suspicious zero-width or invisible Unicode characters');
-    }
-
-    // Check for extremely long strings that could be prompt stuffing
-    if (text.length > 50000) {
-      findings.push(`Suspicious text length: ${text.length} chars (potential prompt stuffing)`);
-    }
-  }
-
-  return { clean: findings.length === 0, findings };
-}
-
-/**
- * Sanitize text that will be embedded in agent prompts or planning documents.
- * Strips known injection markers while preserving legitimate content.
- *
- * This does NOT alter user intent — it neutralizes control characters and
- * instruction-mimicking patterns that could hijack agent behavior.
- *
- * @param {string} text - Text to sanitize
- * @returns {string} Sanitized text
- */
-function sanitizeForPrompt(text) {
-  if (!text || typeof text !== 'string') return text;
-
-  let sanitized = text;
-
-  // Strip zero-width characters that could hide instructions
-  sanitized = sanitized.replace(/[\u200B-\u200F\u2028-\u202F\uFEFF\u00AD]/g, '');
-
-  // Neutralize XML/HTML tags that mimic system boundaries
-  // Replace < > with full-width equivalents to prevent tag interpretation
-  // Note: <instructions> is excluded — framework uses it as legitimate prompt structure
-  sanitized = sanitized.replace(/<(\/?)(?:system|assistant|human)>/gi,
-    (_, slash) => `＜${slash || ''}system-text＞`);
-
-  // Neutralize [SYSTEM] / [INST] markers
-  sanitized = sanitized.replace(/\[(SYSTEM|INST)\]/gi, '[$1-TEXT]');
-
-  // Neutralize <<SYS>> markers
-  sanitized = sanitized.replace(/<<\s*SYS\s*>>/gi, '«SYS-TEXT»');
-
-  return sanitized;
-}
-
-/**
- * Sanitize text that will be displayed back to the user.
- * Removes protocol-like leak markers that should never surface in checkpoints.
- *
- * @param {string} text - Text to sanitize
- * @returns {string} Sanitized text
- */
-function sanitizeForDisplay(text) {
-  if (!text || typeof text !== 'string') return text;
-
-  let sanitized = sanitizeForPrompt(text);
-
-  const protocolLeakPatterns = [
-    /^\s*(?:assistant|user|system)\s+to=[^:\s]+:[^\n]+$/i,
-    /^\s*<\|(?:assistant|user|system)[^|]*\|>\s*$/i,
-  ];
-
-  sanitized = sanitized
-    .split('\n')
-    .filter(line => !protocolLeakPatterns.some(pattern => pattern.test(line)))
-    .join('\n');
-
-  return sanitized;
-}
-
-// ─── Shell Safety ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-/**
- * Validate that a string is safe to use as a shell argument when quoted.
- * This is a defense-in-depth check — callers should always use array-based
- * exec (spawnSync) where possible.
- *
- * @param {string} value - The value to check
- * @param {string} label - Description for error messages
- * @returns {string} The validated value
- */
-function validateShellArg(value, label) {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== 'string') {
-    throw new Error(`${label || 'Argument'}: empty or invalid value`);
-  }
-
-  // Reject null bytes
-  if (value.includes('\0')) {
-    throw new Error(`${label || 'Argument'}: contains null bytes`);
-  }
-
-  // Reject command substitution attempts
-  if (/[$`]/.test(value) && /\$\(|`/.test(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`${label || 'Argument'}: contains potential command substitution`);
-  }
-
-  return value;
-}
-
-// ─── JSON Safety ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-/**
- * Safely parse JSON with error handling and optional size limits.
- * Wraps JSON.parse to prevent uncaught exceptions from malformed input.
- *
- * @param {string} text - JSON string to parse
- * @param {object} [opts] - Options
- * @param {number} [opts.maxLength=1048576] - Maximum input length (1MB default)
- * @param {string} [opts.label='JSON'] - Description for error messages
- * @returns {{ ok: boolean, value?: any, error?: string }}
- */
-function safeJsonParse(text, opts = {}) {
-  const maxLength = opts.maxLength || 1048576;
-  const label = opts.label || 'JSON';
-
-  if (!text || typeof text !== 'string') {
-    return { ok: false, error: `${label}: empty or invalid input` };
-  }
-
-  if (text.length > maxLength) {
-    return { ok: false, error: `${label}: input exceeds ${maxLength} byte limit (got ${text.length})` };
-  }
-
-  try {
-    const value = JSON.parse(text);
-    return { ok: true, value };
-  } catch (err) {
-    return { ok: false, error: `${label}: parse error — ${err.message}` };
-  }
-}
-
-// ─── Phase/Argument Validation ──────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-/**
- * Validate a phase number argument.
- * Phase numbers must match: integer, decimal (2.1), or letter suffix (12A).
- * Rejects arbitrary strings that could be used for injection.
- *
- * @param {string} phase - The phase number to validate
- * @returns {{ valid: boolean, normalized?: string, error?: string }}
- */
-function validatePhaseNumber(phase) {
-  if (!phase || typeof phase !== 'string') {
-    return { valid: false, error: 'Phase number is required' };
-  }
-
-  const trimmed = phase.trim();
-
-  // Standard numeric: 1, 01, 12A, 12.1, 12A.1.2
-  if (/^\d{1,4}[A-Z]?(?:\.\d{1,3})*$/i.test(trimmed)) {
-    return { valid: true, normalized: trimmed };
-  }
-
-  // Custom project IDs: PROJ-42, AUTH-101 (uppercase alphanumeric with hyphens)
-  if (/^[A-Z][A-Z0-9]*(?:-[A-Z0-9]+){1,4}$/i.test(trimmed) && trimmed.length <= 30) {
-    return { valid: true, normalized: trimmed };
-  }
-
-  return { valid: false, error: `Invalid phase number format: "${trimmed}"` };
-}
-
-/**
- * Validate a STATE.md field name to prevent injection into regex patterns.
- * Field names must be alphanumeric with spaces, hyphens, underscores, or dots.
- *
- * @param {string} field - The field name to validate
- * @returns {{ valid: boolean, error?: string }}
- */
-function validateFieldName(field) {
-  if (!field || typeof field !== 'string') {
-    return { valid: false, error: 'Field name is required' };
-  }
-
-  // Allow typical field names: "Current Phase", "active_plan", "Phase 1.2"
-  if (/^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9 _.\-/]{0,60}$/.test(field)) {
-    return { valid: true };
-  }
-
-  return { valid: false, error: `Invalid field name: "${field}"` };
-}
-
-module.exports = {
-  // Path safety
-  validatePath,
-  requireSafePath,
-
-  // Prompt injection
-  INJECTION_PATTERNS,
-  scanForInjection,
-  sanitizeForPrompt,
-  sanitizeForDisplay,
-
-  // Shell safety
-  validateShellArg,
-
-  // JSON safety
-  safeJsonParse,
-
-  // Input validation
-  validatePhaseNumber,
-  validateFieldName,
-};
+/**
+ * Security — Input validation, path traversal prevention, and prompt injection guards
+ *
+ * This module centralizes security checks for framework tooling. Because framework generates
+ * markdown files that become LLM system prompts (agent instructions, workflow state,
+ * phase plans), any user-controlled text that flows into these files is a potential
+ * indirect prompt injection vector.
+ *
+ * Threat model:
+ *   1. Path traversal: user-supplied file paths escape the project directory
+ *   2. Prompt injection: malicious text in arguments/PRDs embeds LLM instructions
+ *   3. Shell metacharacter injection: user text interpreted by shell
+ *   4. JSON injection: malformed JSON crashes or corrupts state
+ *   5. Regex DoS: crafted input causes catastrophic backtracking
+ */
+'use strict';
+
+const fs = require('fs');
+const path = require('path');
+
+// ─── Path Traversal Prevention ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * Validate that a file path resolves within an allowed base directory.
+ * Prevents path traversal attacks via ../ sequences, symlinks, or absolute paths.
+ *
+ * @param {string} filePath - The user-supplied file path
+ * @param {string} baseDir - The allowed base directory (e.g., project root)
+ * @param {object} [opts] - Options
+ * @param {boolean} [opts.allowAbsolute=false] - Allow absolute paths (still must be within baseDir)
+ * @returns {{ safe: boolean, resolved: string, error?: string }}
+ */
+function validatePath(filePath, baseDir, opts = {}) {
+  if (!filePath || typeof filePath !== 'string') {
+    return { safe: false, resolved: '', error: 'Empty or invalid file path' };
+  }
+
+  if (!baseDir || typeof baseDir !== 'string') {
+    return { safe: false, resolved: '', error: 'Empty or invalid base directory' };
+  }
+
+  // Reject null bytes (can bypass path checks in some environments)
+  if (filePath.includes('\0')) {
+    return { safe: false, resolved: '', error: 'Path contains null bytes' };
+  }
+
+  // Resolve symlinks in base directory to handle macOS /var -> /private/var
+  // and similar platform-specific symlink chains
+  let resolvedBase;
+  try {
+    resolvedBase = fs.realpathSync(path.resolve(baseDir));
+  } catch {
+    resolvedBase = path.resolve(baseDir);
+  }
+
+  let resolvedPath;
+
+  if (path.isAbsolute(filePath)) {
+    if (!opts.allowAbsolute) {
+      return { safe: false, resolved: '', error: 'Absolute paths not allowed' };
+    }
+    resolvedPath = path.resolve(filePath);
+  } else {
+    resolvedPath = path.resolve(baseDir, filePath);
+  }
+
+  // Resolve symlinks in the target path too
+  try {
+    resolvedPath = fs.realpathSync(resolvedPath);
+  } catch {
+    // File may not exist yet (e.g., about to be created) — use logical resolution
+    // but still resolve the parent directory if it exists
+    const parentDir = path.dirname(resolvedPath);
+    try {
+      const realParent = fs.realpathSync(parentDir);
+      resolvedPath = path.join(realParent, path.basename(resolvedPath));
+    } catch {
+      // Parent doesn't exist either — keep the resolved path as-is
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Normalize both paths and check containment
+  const normalizedBase = resolvedBase + path.sep;
+  const normalizedPath = resolvedPath + path.sep;
+
+  // The resolved path must start with the base directory
+  // (or be exactly the base directory)
+  if (resolvedPath !== resolvedBase && !normalizedPath.startsWith(normalizedBase)) {
+    return {
+      safe: false,
+      resolved: resolvedPath,
+      error: `Path escapes allowed directory: ${resolvedPath} is outside ${resolvedBase}`,
+    };
+  }
+
+  return { safe: true, resolved: resolvedPath };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validate a file path and throw on traversal attempt.
+ * Convenience wrapper around validatePath for use in CLI commands.
+ */
+function requireSafePath(filePath, baseDir, label, opts = {}) {
+  const result = validatePath(filePath, baseDir, opts);
+  if (!result.safe) {
+    throw new Error(`${label || 'Path'} validation failed: ${result.error}`);
+  }
+  return result.resolved;
+}
+
+// ─── Prompt Injection Detection ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * Patterns that indicate prompt injection attempts in user-supplied text.
+ * These patterns catch common indirect prompt injection techniques where
+ * an attacker embeds LLM instructions in text that will be read by an agent.
+ *
+ * Note: This is defense-in-depth — not a complete solution. The primary defense
+ * is proper input/output boundaries in agent prompts.
+ */
+const INJECTION_PATTERNS = [
+  // Direct instruction override attempts
+  /ignore\s+(all\s+)?previous\s+instructions/i,
+  /ignore\s+(all\s+)?above\s+instructions/i,
+  /disregard\s+(all\s+)?previous/i,
+  /forget\s+(all\s+)?(your\s+)?instructions/i,
+  /override\s+(system|previous)\s+(prompt|instructions)/i,
+
+  // Role/identity manipulation
+  /you\s+are\s+now\s+(?:a|an|the)\s+/i,
+  /act\s+as\s+(?:a|an|the)\s+(?!plan|phase|wave)/i,  // allow "act as a plan"
+  /pretend\s+(?:you(?:'re| are)\s+|to\s+be\s+)/i,
+  /from\s+now\s+on,?\s+you\s+(?:are|will|should|must)/i,
+
+  // System prompt extraction
+  /(?:print|output|reveal|show|display|repeat)\s+(?:your\s+)?(?:system\s+)?(?:prompt|instructions)/i,
+  /what\s+(?:are|is)\s+your\s+(?:system\s+)?(?:prompt|instructions)/i,
+
+  // Hidden instruction markers (XML/HTML tags that mimic system messages)
+  // Note: <instructions> is excluded — framework uses it as legitimate prompt structure
+  // Requires > to close the tag (not just whitespace) to avoid matching generic types like Promise<User | null>
+  /<\/?(?:system|assistant|human)>/i,
+  /\[SYSTEM\]/i,
+  /\[INST\]/i,
+  /<<\s*SYS\s*>>/i,
+
+  // Exfiltration attempts
+  /(?:send|post|fetch|curl|wget)\s+(?:to|from)\s+https?:\/\//i,
+  /(?:base64|btoa|encode)\s+(?:and\s+)?(?:send|exfiltrate|output)/i,
+
+  // Tool manipulation
+  /(?:run|execute|call|invoke)\s+(?:the\s+)?(?:bash|shell|exec|spawn)\s+(?:tool|command)/i,
+];
+
+/**
+ * Scan text for potential prompt injection patterns.
+ * Returns an array of findings (empty = clean).
+ *
+ * @param {string} text - The text to scan
+ * @param {object} [opts] - Options
+ * @param {boolean} [opts.strict=false] - Enable stricter matching (more false positives)
+ * @returns {{ clean: boolean, findings: string[] }}
+ */
+function scanForInjection(text, opts = {}) {
+  if (!text || typeof text !== 'string') {
+    return { clean: true, findings: [] };
+  }
+
+  const findings = [];
+
+  for (const pattern of INJECTION_PATTERNS) {
+    if (pattern.test(text)) {
+      findings.push(`Matched injection pattern: ${pattern.source}`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (opts.strict) {
+    // Check for suspicious Unicode that could hide instructions
+    // (zero-width chars, RTL override, homoglyph attacks)
+    if (/[\u200B-\u200F\u2028-\u202F\uFEFF\u00AD]/.test(text)) {
+      findings.push('Contains suspicious zero-width or invisible Unicode characters');
+    }
+
+    // Check for extremely long strings that could be prompt stuffing
+    if (text.length > 50000) {
+      findings.push(`Suspicious text length: ${text.length} chars (potential prompt stuffing)`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return { clean: findings.length === 0, findings };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sanitize text that will be embedded in agent prompts or planning documents.
+ * Strips known injection markers while preserving legitimate content.
+ *
+ * This does NOT alter user intent — it neutralizes control characters and
+ * instruction-mimicking patterns that could hijack agent behavior.
+ *
+ * @param {string} text - Text to sanitize
+ * @returns {string} Sanitized text
+ */
+function sanitizeForPrompt(text) {
+  if (!text || typeof text !== 'string') return text;
+
+  let sanitized = text;
+
+  // Strip zero-width characters that could hide instructions
+  sanitized = sanitized.replace(/[\u200B-\u200F\u2028-\u202F\uFEFF\u00AD]/g, '');
+
+  // Neutralize XML/HTML tags that mimic system boundaries
+  // Replace < > with full-width equivalents to prevent tag interpretation
+  // Note: <instructions> is excluded — framework uses it as legitimate prompt structure
+  sanitized = sanitized.replace(/<(\/?)(?:system|assistant|human)>/gi,
+    (_, slash) => `＜${slash || ''}system-text＞`);
+
+  // Neutralize [SYSTEM] / [INST] markers
+  sanitized = sanitized.replace(/\[(SYSTEM|INST)\]/gi, '[$1-TEXT]');
+
+  // Neutralize <<SYS>> markers
+  sanitized = sanitized.replace(/<<\s*SYS\s*>>/gi, '«SYS-TEXT»');
+
+  return sanitized;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sanitize text that will be displayed back to the user.
+ * Removes protocol-like leak markers that should never surface in checkpoints.
+ *
+ * @param {string} text - Text to sanitize
+ * @returns {string} Sanitized text
+ */
+function sanitizeForDisplay(text) {
+  if (!text || typeof text !== 'string') return text;
+
+  let sanitized = sanitizeForPrompt(text);
+
+  const protocolLeakPatterns = [
+    /^\s*(?:assistant|user|system)\s+to=[^:\s]+:[^\n]+$/i,
+    /^\s*<\|(?:assistant|user|system)[^|]*\|>\s*$/i,
+  ];
+
+  sanitized = sanitized
+    .split('\n')
+    .filter(line => !protocolLeakPatterns.some(pattern => pattern.test(line)))
+    .join('\n');
+
+  return sanitized;
+}
+
+// ─── Shell Safety ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * Validate that a string is safe to use as a shell argument when quoted.
+ * This is a defense-in-depth check — callers should always use array-based
+ * exec (spawnSync) where possible.
+ *
+ * @param {string} value - The value to check
+ * @param {string} label - Description for error messages
+ * @returns {string} The validated value
+ */
+function validateShellArg(value, label) {
+  if (!value || typeof value !== 'string') {
+    throw new Error(`${label || 'Argument'}: empty or invalid value`);
+  }
+
+  // Reject null bytes
+  if (value.includes('\0')) {
+    throw new Error(`${label || 'Argument'}: contains null bytes`);
+  }
+
+  // Reject command substitution attempts
+  if (/[$`]/.test(value) && /\$\(|`/.test(value)) {
+    throw new Error(`${label || 'Argument'}: contains potential command substitution`);
+  }
+
+  return value;
+}
+
+// ─── JSON Safety ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * Safely parse JSON with error handling and optional size limits.
+ * Wraps JSON.parse to prevent uncaught exceptions from malformed input.
+ *
+ * @param {string} text - JSON string to parse
+ * @param {object} [opts] - Options
+ * @param {number} [opts.maxLength=1048576] - Maximum input length (1MB default)
+ * @param {string} [opts.label='JSON'] - Description for error messages
+ * @returns {{ ok: boolean, value?: any, error?: string }}
+ */
+function safeJsonParse(text, opts = {}) {
+  const maxLength = opts.maxLength || 1048576;
+  const label = opts.label || 'JSON';
+
+  if (!text || typeof text !== 'string') {
+    return { ok: false, error: `${label}: empty or invalid input` };
+  }
+
+  if (text.length > maxLength) {
+    return { ok: false, error: `${label}: input exceeds ${maxLength} byte limit (got ${text.length})` };
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const value = JSON.parse(text);
+    return { ok: true, value };
+  } catch (err) {
+    return { ok: false, error: `${label}: parse error — ${err.message}` };
+  }
+}
+
+// ─── Phase/Argument Validation ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * Validate a phase number argument.
+ * Phase numbers must match: integer, decimal (2.1), or letter suffix (12A).
+ * Rejects arbitrary strings that could be used for injection.
+ *
+ * @param {string} phase - The phase number to validate
+ * @returns {{ valid: boolean, normalized?: string, error?: string }}
+ */
+function validatePhaseNumber(phase) {
+  if (!phase || typeof phase !== 'string') {
+    return { valid: false, error: 'Phase number is required' };
+  }
+
+  const trimmed = phase.trim();
+
+  // Standard numeric: 1, 01, 12A, 12.1, 12A.1.2
+  if (/^\d{1,4}[A-Z]?(?:\.\d{1,3})*$/i.test(trimmed)) {
+    return { valid: true, normalized: trimmed };
+  }
+
+  // Custom project IDs: PROJ-42, AUTH-101 (uppercase alphanumeric with hyphens)
+  if (/^[A-Z][A-Z0-9]*(?:-[A-Z0-9]+){1,4}$/i.test(trimmed) && trimmed.length <= 30) {
+    return { valid: true, normalized: trimmed };
+  }
+
+  return { valid: false, error: `Invalid phase number format: "${trimmed}"` };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validate a STATE.md field name to prevent injection into regex patterns.
+ * Field names must be alphanumeric with spaces, hyphens, underscores, or dots.
+ *
+ * @param {string} field - The field name to validate
+ * @returns {{ valid: boolean, error?: string }}
+ */
+function validateFieldName(field) {
+  if (!field || typeof field !== 'string') {
+    return { valid: false, error: 'Field name is required' };
+  }
+
+  // Allow typical field names: "Current Phase", "active_plan", "Phase 1.2"
+  if (/^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9 _.\-/]{0,60}$/.test(field)) {
+    return { valid: true };
+  }
+
+  return { valid: false, error: `Invalid field name: "${field}"` };
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  // Path safety
+  validatePath,
+  requireSafePath,
+
+  // Prompt injection
+  INJECTION_PATTERNS,
+  scanForInjection,
+  sanitizeForPrompt,
+  sanitizeForDisplay,
+
+  // Shell safety
+  validateShellArg,
+
+  // JSON safety
+  safeJsonParse,
+
+  // Input validation
+  validatePhaseNumber,
+  validateFieldName,
+};