@loaders.gl/tiles 5.0.0-alpha.12 → 5.0.0-alpha.13

package/src/tileset-3d/common/tileset-3d.ts

@@ -1,1210 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-// Copyright (c) vis.gl contributors
-
-// This file is derived from the Cesium code base under Apache 2 license
-// See LICENSE.md and https://github.com/AnalyticalGraphicsInc/cesium/blob/master/LICENSE.md
-
-import {Matrix4, Vector3} from '@math.gl/core';
-import {Ellipsoid} from '@math.gl/geospatial';
-import {Stats} from '@probe.gl/stats';
-import {RequestScheduler, Loader, LoaderOptions} from '@loaders.gl/loader-utils';
-import {TilesetCache} from './tileset-cache';
-import {calculateTransformProps} from '../helpers/transform-utils';
-import {getFrameState, limitSelectedTiles, updateCameraMotionState} from '../helpers/frame-state';
-import type {CameraMotionState, FrameState} from '../helpers/frame-state';
-import {
-  calculateDynamicScreenSpaceErrorDensity,
-  updateRootTransformForDynamicScreenSpaceError
-} from '../helpers/tiles-3d-lod';
-import {interpolateLinearly} from '../helpers/tiles-3d-request-priority';
-import type {FoveatedInterpolationCallback} from '../helpers/tiles-3d-request-priority';
-
-import type {GeospatialViewport, Viewport} from '../../types';
-import {Tile3D} from './tile-3d';
-import {TILESET_TYPE} from '../../constants';
-import type {TilesetSpatialOptions, TilesetSpatialReference} from '../../spatial/spatial-types';
-import {
-  applyTilesetSpatialOptions,
-  createTilesetSpatialReference
-} from '../../spatial/spatial-types';
-
-import {TilesetTraverser} from './tileset-traverser';
-import {
-  isTileset3DSource,
-  TileContentLoadResult,
-  TilesetContentFormats,
-  TilesetJSON,
-  Tileset3DSource,
-  TilesetSourceMetadata
-} from './tileset-source';
-
-export type {TilesetJSON} from './tileset-source';
-
-export type Tileset3DProps = {
-  /** Format options forwarded to I3S content requests, including source-coordinate decoding. */
-  i3s?: Record<string, unknown>;
-  throttleRequests?: boolean;
-  maxRequests?: number;
-  loadOptions?: LoaderOptions;
-  loadTiles?: boolean;
-  basePath?: string;
-  /**
-   * Soft target, in bytes, for cached tile content that is not required by the current frame.
-   * The listed default applies to 3D Tiles; I3S retains its existing 32 MiB default.
-   * @default 536870912
-   */
-  cacheBytes?: number;
-  /**
-   * Additional bytes that the current-frame working set may use before memory-adjusted SSE rises.
-   * The listed default applies to 3D Tiles; I3S retains its existing 1 MiB default.
-   * @default 536870912
-   */
-  maximumCacheOverflowBytes?: number;
-  maximumTilesSelected?: number;
-  debounceTime?: number;
-
-  description?: string;
-  attributions?: string[];
-
-  ellipsoid?: object;
-  modelMatrix?: Matrix4;
-  /** Automatic CRS output options and expert source-metadata recovery overrides. */
-  spatial?: TilesetSpatialOptions;
-
-  maximumScreenSpaceError?: number;
-  /**
-   * Enables replacement traversal that may skip hierarchy levels while retaining ready ancestors
-   * as coverage. This trades temporary overdraw for faster refinement on deep trees.
-   * Defaults to `true` for 3D Tiles and `false` for I3S. Set to `false` to request every level.
-   */
-  skipLevelOfDetail?: boolean;
-  /**
-   * SSE above which tiles remain part of the non-skipping base traversal.
-   * @default 1024
-   */
-  baseScreenSpaceError?: number;
-  /**
-   * Required SSE reduction from the nearest requested or loaded ancestor before loading a tile.
-   * @default 16
-   */
-  skipScreenSpaceErrorFactor?: number;
-  /**
-   * Minimum hierarchy levels between requested tiles during skip-LOD traversal.
-   * @default 1
-   */
-  skipLevels?: number;
-  /**
-   * Requests only final tiles that meet the active SSE target when skip-LOD is enabled.
-   * @default false
-   */
-  immediatelyLoadDesiredLevelOfDetail?: boolean;
-  /** Enables perspective dynamic SSE to reduce distant, horizon-facing refinement. */
-  dynamicScreenSpaceError?: boolean;
-  /** Base dynamic SSE fog density in inverse meters. */
-  dynamicScreenSpaceErrorDensity?: number;
-  /** Maximum dynamic SSE reduction in logical/CSS pixels. */
-  dynamicScreenSpaceErrorFactor?: number;
-  /** Fraction of tileset height at which dynamic SSE begins to fade, clamped to `[0, 1]`. */
-  dynamicScreenSpaceErrorHeightFalloff?: number;
-  /**
-   * Enables adaptive LOD reduction when estimated tile memory exceeds the overflow ceiling.
-   * Defaults to `true` for 3D Tiles and retains the existing `false` default for I3S.
-   */
-  memoryAdjustedScreenSpaceError?: boolean;
-  viewportTraversersMap?: any;
-  updateTransforms?: boolean;
-  viewDistanceScale?: number;
-  /** Reduced viewport-height fraction used to prioritize coarse initial coverage; `0` disables it. */
-  progressiveResolutionHeightFraction?: number;
-  /** Whether requests nearer the center of a perspective viewport receive higher priority. */
-  foveatedScreenSpaceError?: boolean;
-  /** Fraction of the perspective field of view that receives no foveated SSE relaxation. */
-  foveatedConeSize?: number;
-  /** Minimum logical-pixel SSE relaxation immediately outside the foveated cone. */
-  foveatedMinimumScreenSpaceErrorRelaxation?: number;
-  /** Function that increases SSE relaxation from the foveated cone toward the viewport edge. */
-  foveatedInterpolationCallback?: FoveatedInterpolationCallback;
-  /** Seconds peripheral requests may wait after the camera moves. */
-  foveatedTimeDelay?: number;
-
-  onTileLoad?: (tile: Tile3D) => any;
-  onTileUnload?: (tile: Tile3D) => any;
-  onTileError?: (tile: Tile3D, message: string, url: string) => any;
-  /** Called when a format-specific source operation fails. */
-  onSourceError?: (error: Error, source: Tileset3DSource, tile?: Tile3D | null) => any;
-  /** Called when tileset initialization fails before traversal can begin. */
-  onTilesetError?: (error: Error, tileset: Tileset3D) => any;
-  contentLoader?: (tile: Tile3D) => Promise<void>;
-  onTraversalComplete?: (selectedTiles: Tile3D[]) => Tile3D[];
-  onUpdate?: () => void;
-};
-
-type Props = {
-  description: string;
-  ellipsoid: object;
-  modelMatrix: Matrix4;
-  throttleRequests: boolean;
-  maxRequests: number;
-  /** Soft target, in bytes, for evictable cached tile content. */
-  cacheBytes: number;
-  /** Current-frame headroom, in bytes, before memory-adjusted SSE rises. */
-  maximumCacheOverflowBytes: number;
-  maximumTilesSelected: number;
-  debounceTime: number;
-  onTileLoad: (tile: Tile3D) => void;
-  onTileUnload: (tile: Tile3D) => void;
-  onTileError: (tile: Tile3D, message: string, url: string) => void;
-  onSourceError: (error: Error, source: Tileset3DSource, tile?: Tile3D | null) => void;
-  onTilesetError: (error: Error, tileset: Tileset3D) => void;
-  onTraversalComplete: (selectedTiles: Tile3D[]) => Tile3D[];
-  onUpdate: () => void;
-  maximumScreenSpaceError: number;
-  /** Whether replacement traversal may skip levels while retaining ancestor coverage. */
-  skipLevelOfDetail: boolean;
-  /** SSE above which tiles remain part of the non-skipping base traversal. */
-  baseScreenSpaceError: number;
-  /** Required SSE reduction between requested skip-LOD tiles. */
-  skipScreenSpaceErrorFactor: number;
-  /** Minimum hierarchy levels between requested skip-LOD tiles. */
-  skipLevels: number;
-  /** Whether skip-LOD requests only the final desired tiles. */
-  immediatelyLoadDesiredLevelOfDetail: boolean;
-  /** Whether perspective dynamic SSE is enabled. */
-  dynamicScreenSpaceError: boolean;
-  /** Base dynamic SSE fog density in inverse meters. */
-  dynamicScreenSpaceErrorDensity: number;
-  /** Maximum dynamic SSE reduction in logical/CSS pixels. */
-  dynamicScreenSpaceErrorFactor: number;
-  /** Fraction of tileset height at which dynamic SSE begins to fade. */
-  dynamicScreenSpaceErrorHeightFalloff: number;
-  /** Whether cache pressure may adapt the active SSE threshold. */
-  memoryAdjustedScreenSpaceError: boolean;
-  viewportTraversersMap: Record<string, any> | null;
-  attributions: string[];
-  loadTiles: boolean;
-  loadOptions: LoaderOptions;
-  updateTransforms: boolean;
-  viewDistanceScale: number;
-  /** Reduced viewport-height fraction used to prioritize coarse initial coverage. */
-  progressiveResolutionHeightFraction: number;
-  /** Whether perspective requests are prioritized around the viewport center. */
-  foveatedScreenSpaceError: boolean;
-  /** Fraction of the perspective field of view with no foveated SSE relaxation. */
-  foveatedConeSize: number;
-  /** Minimum logical-pixel SSE relaxation outside the foveated cone. */
-  foveatedMinimumScreenSpaceErrorRelaxation: number;
-  /** Function used to interpolate foveated SSE relaxation. */
-  foveatedInterpolationCallback: FoveatedInterpolationCallback;
-  /** Seconds eligible peripheral requests wait after camera movement. */
-  foveatedTimeDelay: number;
-  basePath: string;
-  contentLoader?: (tile: Tile3D) => Promise<void>;
-  i3s: Record<string, any>;
-  /** Automatic CRS output options and expert source-metadata recovery overrides. */
-  spatial: TilesetSpatialOptions;
-};
-
-const BYTES_PER_MEBIBYTE = 1024 * 1024;
-const DEFAULT_CACHE_BYTES = 512 * BYTES_PER_MEBIBYTE;
-const DEFAULT_MAXIMUM_CACHE_OVERFLOW_BYTES = 512 * BYTES_PER_MEBIBYTE;
-const DEFAULT_I3S_CACHE_BYTES = 32 * BYTES_PER_MEBIBYTE;
-const DEFAULT_I3S_MAXIMUM_CACHE_OVERFLOW_BYTES = BYTES_PER_MEBIBYTE;
-
-/**
- * Validates a byte-based tile-cache budget.
- *
- * Fractions are accepted because JavaScript memory estimates are numbers, but negative, infinite,
- * and `NaN` values cannot define a stable cache threshold.
- *
- * @param value - Proposed cache budget in bytes.
- * @param optionName - Public option name used in an actionable error message.
- * @returns The validated byte budget.
- */
-function validateCacheByteLength(value: number, optionName: string): number {
-  if (!Number.isFinite(value) || value < 0) {
-    throw new Error(`${optionName} must be a finite number greater than or equal to 0`);
-  }
-  return value;
-}
-
-/**
- * Resolves the base cache target from the byte-native option or its fallback.
- *
- * @param options - Options that may contain a byte-native cache value.
- * @param fallbackCacheBytes - Existing or default cache target in bytes.
- * @returns The resolved and validated cache target in bytes.
- */
-function resolveCacheBytes(options: Tileset3DProps, fallbackCacheBytes: number): number {
-  const cacheBytes = options.cacheBytes ?? fallbackCacheBytes;
-  return validateCacheByteLength(cacheBytes, 'cacheBytes');
-}
-
-/**
- * Resolves cache overflow headroom from the byte-native option or its fallback.
- *
- * @param options - Options that may contain a byte-native overflow value.
- * @param fallbackOverflowBytes - Existing or default overflow headroom in bytes.
- * @returns The resolved and validated overflow headroom in bytes.
- */
-function resolveMaximumCacheOverflowBytes(
-  options: Tileset3DProps,
-  fallbackOverflowBytes: number
-): number {
-  const maximumCacheOverflowBytes = options.maximumCacheOverflowBytes ?? fallbackOverflowBytes;
-  return validateCacheByteLength(maximumCacheOverflowBytes, 'maximumCacheOverflowBytes');
-}
-
-const DEFAULT_PROPS: Props = {
-  description: '',
-  ellipsoid: Ellipsoid.WGS84,
-  modelMatrix: new Matrix4(),
-  throttleRequests: true,
-  maxRequests: 64,
-  cacheBytes: DEFAULT_CACHE_BYTES,
-  maximumCacheOverflowBytes: DEFAULT_MAXIMUM_CACHE_OVERFLOW_BYTES,
-  maximumTilesSelected: 0,
-  debounceTime: 0,
-  onTileLoad: () => {},
-  onTileUnload: () => {},
-  onTileError: () => {},
-  onSourceError: () => {},
-  onTilesetError: () => {},
-  onTraversalComplete: (selectedTiles: Tile3D[]) => selectedTiles,
-  onUpdate: () => {},
-  contentLoader: undefined,
-  viewDistanceScale: 1.0,
-  progressiveResolutionHeightFraction: 0.3,
-  foveatedScreenSpaceError: true,
-  foveatedConeSize: 0.1,
-  foveatedMinimumScreenSpaceErrorRelaxation: 0,
-  foveatedInterpolationCallback: interpolateLinearly,
-  foveatedTimeDelay: 0.2,
-  maximumScreenSpaceError: 8,
-  skipLevelOfDetail: false,
-  baseScreenSpaceError: 1024,
-  skipScreenSpaceErrorFactor: 16,
-  skipLevels: 1,
-  immediatelyLoadDesiredLevelOfDetail: false,
-  dynamicScreenSpaceError: true,
-  dynamicScreenSpaceErrorDensity: 2.0e-4,
-  dynamicScreenSpaceErrorFactor: 24,
-  dynamicScreenSpaceErrorHeightFalloff: 0.25,
-  memoryAdjustedScreenSpaceError: true,
-  loadTiles: true,
-  updateTransforms: true,
-  viewportTraversersMap: null,
-  loadOptions: {fetch: {}},
-  attributions: [],
-  basePath: '',
-  i3s: {},
-  spatial: {}
-};
-
-const TILES_TOTAL = 'Tiles In Tileset(s)';
-const TILES_IN_MEMORY = 'Tiles In Memory';
-const TILES_IN_VIEW = 'Tiles In View';
-const TILES_RENDERABLE = 'Tiles To Render';
-const TILES_LOADED = 'Tiles Loaded';
-const TILES_LOADING = 'Tiles Loading';
-const TILES_UNLOADED = 'Tiles Unloaded';
-const TILES_LOAD_FAILED = 'Failed Tile Loads';
-const POINTS_COUNT = 'Points/Vertices';
-const TILES_GPU_MEMORY = 'Tile Memory Use';
-const MAXIMUM_SSE = 'Maximum Screen Space Error';
-
-/**
- * Shared runtime for tile traversal, selection, cache management, and request scheduling.
- *
- * Format-specific loading behavior is delegated to a {@link Tileset3DSource} implementation.
- */
-export class Tileset3D {
-  options: Props;
-  loadOptions: LoaderOptions;
-  /** Source implementation responsible for format-specific initialization and loading. */
-  source: Tileset3DSource;
-
-  type: TILESET_TYPE;
-  tileset: TilesetJSON | null;
-  loader: Loader;
-  url: string;
-  basePath: string;
-  modelMatrix: Matrix4;
-  ellipsoid: any;
-  lodMetricType: string;
-  lodMetricValue: number;
-  refine: string;
-  root: Tile3D | null = null;
-  roots: Record<string, Tile3D> = {};
-  asset: Record<string, any> = {};
-  /** Inline metadata schema declared by the source tileset, when present. */
-  schema: Record<string, any> | null = null;
-  /** External metadata schema URI declared by the source tileset, when present. */
-  schemaUri: string | null = null;
-  /** Metadata groups declared by the source tileset, in source order. */
-  groups: Array<Record<string, any>> = [];
-  /** Tileset-wide metadata entity, preserved without property-table decoding. */
-  metadata: Record<string, any> | null = null;
-  /** Tileset statistics metadata, preserved for application-level inspection. */
-  statistics: unknown = null;
-  /** Normalized source and target coordinate reference system metadata. */
-  spatialReference: TilesetSpatialReference = createTilesetSpatialReference({});
-
-  description = '';
-  properties: any;
-  extras: any = null;
-  attributions: any = {};
-  credits: any = {};
-
-  stats: Stats;
-  contentFormats: TilesetContentFormats;
-
-  cartographicCenter: Vector3 | null = null;
-  cartesianCenter: Vector3 | null = null;
-  zoom = 1;
-  boundingVolume: any = null;
-
-  /** Effective dynamic SSE density calculated for the most recently traversed viewport. */
-  dynamicScreenSpaceErrorComputedDensity = 0;
-
-  /** Estimated bytes currently retained by loaded tile content. */
-  gpuMemoryUsageInBytes = 0;
-  /** Active SSE threshold after optional cache-pressure adjustment, in logical/CSS pixels. */
-  memoryAdjustedScreenSpaceError = 0.0;
-
-  private _cacheBytes = DEFAULT_CACHE_BYTES;
-  private _maximumCacheOverflowBytes = DEFAULT_MAXIMUM_CACHE_OVERFLOW_BYTES;
-
-  _frameNumber = 0;
-  private _tiles: Record<string, Tile3D> = {};
-  private _pendingCount = 0;
-
-  selectedTiles: Tile3D[] = [];
-
-  traverseCounter = 0;
-  geometricError = 0;
-  private lastUpdatedVieports: Viewport[] | Viewport | null = null;
-  private _requestedTiles: Tile3D[] = [];
-  private _emptyTiles: Tile3D[] = [];
-  private frameStateData: any = {};
-  /** Last camera pose retained independently for each viewport. */
-  private _cameraMotionStates: Record<string, CameraMotionState> = {};
-  /** Pending traversal that releases requests after camera motion settles. */
-  private _deferredTraversalTimeout: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null;
-
-  _traverser: TilesetTraverser;
-  _cache = new TilesetCache();
-  _requestScheduler: RequestScheduler;
-
-  /** Drawn fallback instances retained independently for each viewport tree. */
-  private _heldTiles: Set<Tile3D> = new Set();
-  private updatePromise: Promise<number> | null = null;
-  tilesetInitializationPromise: Promise<void>;
-
-  /**
-   * Creates a tileset runtime from an explicit source implementation.
-   * @param source Source-backed tileset implementation.
-   * @param options Traversal and runtime options.
-   */
-  constructor(source: Tileset3DSource, options?: Tileset3DProps) {
-    if (!isTileset3DSource(source)) {
-      throw new Error('Tileset3D requires a Tileset3DSource instance');
-    }
-
-    const suppliedOptions = options || {};
-    const usesTiles3DCacheDefaults = source.type === TILESET_TYPE.TILES3D;
-    const defaultCacheBytes = usesTiles3DCacheDefaults
-      ? DEFAULT_PROPS.cacheBytes
-      : DEFAULT_I3S_CACHE_BYTES;
-    const defaultMaximumCacheOverflowBytes = usesTiles3DCacheDefaults
-      ? DEFAULT_PROPS.maximumCacheOverflowBytes
-      : DEFAULT_I3S_MAXIMUM_CACHE_OVERFLOW_BYTES;
-    const cacheBytes = resolveCacheBytes(suppliedOptions, defaultCacheBytes);
-    const maximumCacheOverflowBytes = resolveMaximumCacheOverflowBytes(
-      suppliedOptions,
-      defaultMaximumCacheOverflowBytes
-    );
-    this.options = {
-      ...DEFAULT_PROPS,
-      ...suppliedOptions,
-      cacheBytes,
-      maximumCacheOverflowBytes,
-      skipLevelOfDetail: suppliedOptions.skipLevelOfDetail ?? source.type === TILESET_TYPE.TILES3D,
-      memoryAdjustedScreenSpaceError:
-        suppliedOptions.memoryAdjustedScreenSpaceError ?? usesTiles3DCacheDefaults
-    };
-    this.loadOptions = this.options.loadOptions || {};
-    this.source = source;
-
-    this.tileset = null;
-    this.loader = this.source.loader;
-    this.type = this.source.type;
-    this.url = this.source.url;
-    this.basePath = this.source.basePath;
-    this.modelMatrix = this.options.modelMatrix;
-    this.ellipsoid = this.options.ellipsoid;
-    this.lodMetricType = '';
-    this.lodMetricValue = 0;
-    this.refine = '';
-    this.contentFormats = this.source.contentFormats;
-
-    this._traverser = this._initializeTraverser();
-    this._requestScheduler = new RequestScheduler({
-      throttleRequests: this.options.throttleRequests,
-      maxRequests: this.options.maxRequests
-    });
-
-    this.memoryAdjustedScreenSpaceError = this.options.maximumScreenSpaceError;
-    this._cacheBytes = cacheBytes;
-    this._maximumCacheOverflowBytes = maximumCacheOverflowBytes;
-    const metadata = this._getSourceMetadata();
-    if (metadata) {
-      this.spatialReference = applyTilesetSpatialOptions(
-        metadata.spatialReference,
-        this.options.spatial
-      );
-    }
-
-    this.stats = new Stats({id: this.url});
-    this._initializeStats();
-
-    this.tilesetInitializationPromise = this._initializeTileSet();
-  }
-
-  destroy(): void {
-    this._clearDeferredTraversal();
-    this.source.destroy?.();
-    this._destroy();
-  }
-
-  isLoaded(): boolean {
-    return this._pendingCount === 0 && this._frameNumber !== 0 && this._requestedTiles.length === 0;
-  }
-
-  get tiles(): object[] {
-    return Object.values(this._tiles);
-  }
-
-  get frameNumber(): number {
-    return this._frameNumber;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Returns the tiles requested during the most recent completed traversal.
-   *
-   * A defensive copy makes request ordering deterministic for diagnostics and prevents callers
-   * from mutating the scheduler's working set.
-   */
-  get requestedTiles(): readonly Tile3D[] {
-    return this._requestedTiles.slice();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Returns empty tiles considered during the most recent completed traversal.
-   *
-   * Empty tiles can still be useful hierarchy placeholders, but their IDs are included in
-   * observability snapshots so applications can distinguish traversal work from render content.
-   */
-  get emptyTiles(): readonly Tile3D[] {
-    return this._emptyTiles.slice();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets or sets the soft target, in bytes, for cached tile content not needed this frame.
-   *
-   * Current-frame tiles remain protected even when their estimated memory exceeds this target.
-   * Reducing the value makes unused least-recently-used tiles eligible for eviction on the next
-   * traversal.
-   * @default 536870912 for 3D Tiles; 33554432 for I3S
-   */
-  get cacheBytes(): number {
-    return this._cacheBytes;
-  }
-
-  set cacheBytes(value: number) {
-    this._cacheBytes = validateCacheByteLength(value, 'cacheBytes');
-    this.options.cacheBytes = this._cacheBytes;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets or sets the additional current-frame headroom, in bytes, before memory-adjusted SSE rises.
-   *
-   * The pressure ceiling is `cacheBytes + maximumCacheOverflowBytes`. This value does not change
-   * the base target used to evict tiles that were not touched in the current frame.
-   * @default 536870912 for 3D Tiles; 1048576 for I3S
-   */
-  get maximumCacheOverflowBytes(): number {
-    return this._maximumCacheOverflowBytes;
-  }
-
-  set maximumCacheOverflowBytes(value: number) {
-    this._maximumCacheOverflowBytes = validateCacheByteLength(value, 'maximumCacheOverflowBytes');
-    this.options.maximumCacheOverflowBytes = this._maximumCacheOverflowBytes;
-  }
-
-  get queryParams(): string {
-    const rootUrl = this.source.getTileUrl(this.url);
-    const queryIndex = rootUrl.indexOf('?');
-    return queryIndex >= 0 ? rootUrl.slice(queryIndex + 1) : '';
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Updates traversal and runtime options while retaining unspecified byte budgets.
-   *
-   * @param props - Partial runtime options to apply.
-   */
-  setProps(props: Tileset3DProps): void {
-    const cacheBytes = resolveCacheBytes(props, this.cacheBytes);
-    const maximumCacheOverflowBytes = resolveMaximumCacheOverflowBytes(
-      props,
-      this.maximumCacheOverflowBytes
-    );
-    this.options = {
-      ...this.options,
-      ...props,
-      cacheBytes,
-      maximumCacheOverflowBytes
-    };
-    this._cacheBytes = cacheBytes;
-    this._maximumCacheOverflowBytes = maximumCacheOverflowBytes;
-  }
-
-  getTileUrl(tilePath: string): string {
-    return this.source.getTileUrl(tilePath);
-  }
-
-  hasExtension(extensionName: string): boolean {
-    return Boolean(this.source.hasExtension?.(extensionName));
-  }
-
-  update(viewports: Viewport[] | Viewport | null = null): void {
-    this.tilesetInitializationPromise.then(() => {
-      if (!viewports && this.lastUpdatedVieports) {
-        viewports = this.lastUpdatedVieports;
-      } else {
-        this.lastUpdatedVieports = viewports;
-      }
-      if (viewports) {
-        this.doUpdate(viewports);
-      }
-    });
-  }
-
-  async selectTiles(viewports: Viewport[] | Viewport | null = null): Promise<number> {
-    await this.tilesetInitializationPromise;
-    if (viewports) {
-      this.lastUpdatedVieports = viewports;
-    }
-    if (!this.updatePromise) {
-      this.updatePromise = new Promise<number>(resolve => {
-        setTimeout(() => {
-          if (this.lastUpdatedVieports) {
-            this.doUpdate(this.lastUpdatedVieports);
-          }
-          resolve(this._frameNumber);
-          this.updatePromise = null;
-        }, this.options.debounceTime);
-      });
-    }
-    return this.updatePromise;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Moves the active LOD threshold toward the configured SSE or away from cache pressure.
-   *
-   * Usage below {@link Tileset3D.cacheBytes} restores quality in two-percent steps. Usage above
-   * `cacheBytes + maximumCacheOverflowBytes` reduces refinement in two-percent steps. Values in
-   * the overflow window leave the threshold unchanged, preventing rapid load/evict oscillation.
-   */
-  adjustScreenSpaceError(): void {
-    if (this.gpuMemoryUsageInBytes < this.cacheBytes) {
-      this.memoryAdjustedScreenSpaceError = Math.max(
-        this.memoryAdjustedScreenSpaceError / 1.02,
-        this.options.maximumScreenSpaceError
-      );
-    } else if (this.gpuMemoryUsageInBytes > this.cacheBytes + this.maximumCacheOverflowBytes) {
-      this.memoryAdjustedScreenSpaceError *= 1.02;
-    }
-  }
-
-  private doUpdate(viewports: Viewport[] | Viewport): void {
-    if ('loadTiles' in this.options && !this.options.loadTiles) {
-      return;
-    }
-    if (this.traverseCounter > 0) {
-      return;
-    }
-    const preparedViewports = viewports instanceof Array ? viewports : [viewports];
-    const activeViewportIds = new Set(preparedViewports.map(viewport => viewport.id));
-    // A viewport may be removed between frames. Discard its completed state before aggregating
-    // requested and selected tiles so observability reflects only the current traversal inputs.
-    for (const frameStateId of Object.keys(this.frameStateData)) {
-      if (!activeViewportIds.has(frameStateId)) {
-        delete this.frameStateData[frameStateId];
-      }
-    }
-
-    this._cache.reset();
-    this._frameNumber++;
-    this.traverseCounter = preparedViewports.length;
-    const currentTime = Date.now();
-    let minimumDeferredTraversalDelay = Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
-    const viewportsToTraverse: string[] = [];
-    for (const viewport of preparedViewports) {
-      const id = viewport.id;
-      if (this._needTraverse(id)) {
-        viewportsToTraverse.push(id);
-      } else {
-        this.traverseCounter--;
-      }
-    }
-
-    for (const viewport of preparedViewports) {
-      const id = viewport.id;
-      if (!this.roots[id]) {
-        this.roots[id] = this._initializeTileHeaders(this.tileset, null);
-      }
-
-      if (!viewportsToTraverse.includes(id)) {
-        continue;
-      }
-      const frameState = getFrameState(viewport as GeospatialViewport, this._frameNumber);
-      const root = this.roots[id];
-      const cameraMotionUpdate = updateCameraMotionState(
-        this._cameraMotionStates[id],
-        frameState.camera.position,
-        frameState.camera.direction,
-        currentTime
-      );
-      this._cameraMotionStates[id] = cameraMotionUpdate.state;
-      frameState.camera.timeSinceMovement = cameraMotionUpdate.timeSinceMovement;
-      // Dynamic SSE reads the root's inverse computed transform before traversal updates tile
-      // visibility. Refresh it from the current tileset model matrix here so animated local
-      // box/sphere tilesets never calculate their height falloff one transform behind the frame.
-      updateRootTransformForDynamicScreenSpaceError(root, this.modelMatrix);
-      frameState.dynamicScreenSpaceErrorDensity =
-        this.type === TILESET_TYPE.TILES3D &&
-        this.options.dynamicScreenSpaceError &&
-        !frameState.viewport.orthographic
-          ? calculateDynamicScreenSpaceErrorDensity(root, frameState, this.options)
-          : 0;
-      // Keep the legacy diagnostic field, but traversal reads the per-viewport frame value above.
-      this.dynamicScreenSpaceErrorComputedDensity = frameState.dynamicScreenSpaceErrorDensity;
-      this._traverser.traverse(root, frameState, this.options);
-      if (Object.keys(this._traverser.deferredTiles).length > 0) {
-        minimumDeferredTraversalDelay = Math.min(
-          minimumDeferredTraversalDelay,
-          Math.max(this.options.foveatedTimeDelay - cameraMotionUpdate.timeSinceMovement, 0)
-        );
-      }
-    }
-
-    if (Number.isFinite(minimumDeferredTraversalDelay)) {
-      this._scheduleDeferredTraversal(minimumDeferredTraversalDelay);
-    } else {
-      this._clearDeferredTraversal();
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Schedules one follow-up traversal when the moving-camera deferral window expires.
-   *
-   * Replacing an existing timer ensures continuing camera movement pushes the retry window forward
-   * instead of creating a queue of redundant traversals.
-   *
-   * @param delayInSeconds - Remaining stationary delay before deferred requests become eligible.
-   */
-  private _scheduleDeferredTraversal(delayInSeconds: number): void {
-    this._clearDeferredTraversal();
-    this._deferredTraversalTimeout = setTimeout(
-      () => {
-        this._deferredTraversalTimeout = null;
-        this.selectTiles().catch((error: unknown) => {
-          const traversalError = error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(String(error));
-          this._onTilesetError(traversalError);
-        });
-      },
-      Math.max(delayInSeconds * 1000, 0)
-    );
-  }
-
-  /** Clears a pending moving-camera follow-up traversal. */
-  private _clearDeferredTraversal(): void {
-    if (this._deferredTraversalTimeout !== null) {
-      clearTimeout(this._deferredTraversalTimeout);
-      this._deferredTraversalTimeout = null;
-    }
-  }
-
-  _needTraverse(viewportId: string): boolean {
-    let traverserId = viewportId;
-    if (this.options.viewportTraversersMap) {
-      traverserId = this.options.viewportTraversersMap[viewportId];
-    }
-    return traverserId === viewportId;
-  }
-
-  _onTraversalEnd(frameState: FrameState): void {
-    const id = frameState.viewport.id;
-    if (!this.frameStateData[id]) {
-      this.frameStateData[id] = {selectedTiles: [], _requestedTiles: [], _emptyTiles: []};
-    }
-    const currentFrameStateData = this.frameStateData[id];
-    const selectedTiles = Object.values(this._traverser.selectedTiles);
-    const [filteredSelectedTiles, unselectedTiles] = limitSelectedTiles(
-      selectedTiles,
-      frameState,
-      this.options.maximumTilesSelected
-    );
-    currentFrameStateData.selectedTiles = filteredSelectedTiles;
-    for (const tile of unselectedTiles) {
-      tile.unselect();
-    }
-
-    currentFrameStateData._requestedTiles = Object.values(this._traverser.requestedTiles);
-    currentFrameStateData._emptyTiles = Object.values(this._traverser.emptyTiles);
-
-    this.traverseCounter--;
-    if (this.traverseCounter > 0) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    this._updateTiles();
-  }
-
-  _updateTiles(): void {
-    const previousSelectedTiles = this.selectedTiles;
-    this.selectedTiles = [];
-    this._requestedTiles = [];
-    this._emptyTiles = [];
-
-    for (const frameStateKey in this.frameStateData) {
-      const frameStateDataValue = this.frameStateData[frameStateKey];
-      this.selectedTiles = this.selectedTiles.concat(frameStateDataValue.selectedTiles);
-      this._requestedTiles = this._requestedTiles.concat(frameStateDataValue._requestedTiles);
-      this._emptyTiles = this._emptyTiles.concat(frameStateDataValue._emptyTiles);
-    }
-
-    this.selectedTiles = this.options.onTraversalComplete(this.selectedTiles);
-
-    const selectedTiles = new Set(this.selectedTiles);
-    const hasUndrawnTiles = this.selectedTiles.some(tile => !tile.tileDrawn);
-
-    let heldBackCount = 0;
-    if (hasUndrawnTiles) {
-      const activeRoots = new Set(
-        Object.keys(this.frameStateData).map(viewportId => this.roots[viewportId])
-      );
-      const descendantReadiness = new Map<Tile3D, boolean>();
-      for (const tile of this.selectedTiles) {
-        for (let ancestor = tile.parent; ancestor; ancestor = ancestor.parent) {
-          descendantReadiness.set(
-            ancestor,
-            (descendantReadiness.get(ancestor) ?? true) && tile.tileDrawn
-          );
-        }
-      }
-      // Drawing can finish between traversals. Promote only previously selected
-      // geometry that actually drew; pending tiles cannot provide visible fallback.
-      for (const tile of previousSelectedTiles) {
-        if (tile.tileDrawn) this._heldTiles.add(tile);
-      }
-      for (const tile of this._heldTiles) {
-        let root = tile;
-        while (root.parent) root = root.parent;
-        // Removed viewport trees cannot contribute fallback to the remaining views.
-        if (!activeRoots.has(root)) {
-          this._heldTiles.delete(tile);
-          continue;
-        }
-        if (selectedTiles.has(tile)) continue;
-        if (
-          tile.contentAvailable &&
-          !this._hasDrawnReplacement(tile, selectedTiles, descendantReadiness)
-        ) {
-          tile._selectedFrame = this._frameNumber;
-          this.selectedTiles.push(tile);
-          heldBackCount++;
-        } else {
-          this._heldTiles.delete(tile);
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      this._heldTiles = selectedTiles;
-    }
-
-    if (heldBackCount > 0) {
-      setTimeout(() => {
-        this.selectTiles();
-      }, 0);
-    }
-
-    for (const tile of this.selectedTiles) {
-      this._tiles[tile.id] = tile;
-    }
-
-    this._loadTiles();
-    this._unloadTiles();
-    this._updateStats();
-
-    if (this._tilesChanged(previousSelectedTiles, this.selectedTiles)) {
-      this.options.onUpdate();
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Releases fallback geometry once its own selected replacement has drawn.
-   * Unrelated pending branches must not delay this region's handoff. When no related
-   * replacement is selected, retain the fallback until the complete selection has drawn.
-   */
-  private _hasDrawnReplacement(
-    tile: Tile3D,
-    selectedTiles: Set<Tile3D>,
-    descendantReadiness: Map<Tile3D, boolean>
-  ): boolean {
-    for (let ancestor = tile.parent; ancestor; ancestor = ancestor.parent) {
-      if (selectedTiles.has(ancestor)) {
-        return ancestor.tileDrawn;
-      }
-    }
-    return descendantReadiness.get(tile) === true;
-  }
-
-  _tilesChanged(oldSelectedTiles: Tile3D[], selectedTiles: Tile3D[]): boolean {
-    if (oldSelectedTiles.length !== selectedTiles.length) {
-      return true;
-    }
-    const oldSet = new Set(oldSelectedTiles.map(tile => tile.id));
-    const newSet = new Set(selectedTiles.map(tile => tile.id));
-    let changed = oldSelectedTiles.some(tile => !newSet.has(tile.id));
-    changed = changed || selectedTiles.some(tile => !oldSet.has(tile.id));
-    return changed;
-  }
-
-  _loadTiles(): void {
-    this._requestedTiles.sort((tileA, tileB) => tileA._priority - tileB._priority);
-    for (const tile of this._requestedTiles) {
-      if (tile.contentUnloaded) {
-        this._loadTile(tile);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  _unloadTiles(): void {
-    this._cache.unloadTiles(this, (tileset, tile) => tileset._unloadTile(tile));
-    if (this.options.memoryAdjustedScreenSpaceError) {
-      this.adjustScreenSpaceError();
-    }
-  }
-
-  _updateStats(): void {
-    let tilesRenderable = 0;
-    let pointsRenderable = 0;
-    for (const tile of this.selectedTiles) {
-      if (tile.contentAvailable && tile.content) {
-        tilesRenderable++;
-        const contents = tile.contents.length ? tile.contents : [tile.content];
-        for (const content of contents) {
-          if (content.pointCount) {
-            pointsRenderable += content.pointCount;
-          } else {
-            pointsRenderable += content.vertexCount || 0;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    this.stats.get(TILES_IN_VIEW).count = this.selectedTiles.length;
-    this.stats.get(TILES_RENDERABLE).count = tilesRenderable;
-    this.stats.get(POINTS_COUNT).count = pointsRenderable;
-    this.stats.get(MAXIMUM_SSE).count = this.memoryAdjustedScreenSpaceError;
-  }
-
-  async _initializeTileSet(): Promise<void> {
-    try {
-      const initializePromise = this.source.initialize();
-      const initialMetadata = this._getSourceMetadata();
-      if (initialMetadata) {
-        this._syncSourceState(initialMetadata);
-      }
-      if (
-        initialMetadata?.tileset?.root &&
-        typeof initialMetadata.tileset.root.then !== 'function' &&
-        (!this.source.prepareTileset || this.spatialReference?.status === 'native')
-      ) {
-        this.root = this._initializeTileHeaders(initialMetadata.tileset, null);
-        this._applyViewState();
-      }
-
-      await initializePromise;
-      const metadata = this.source.getMetadata();
-      this._syncSourceState(metadata);
-      await this.source.prepareTileset?.(this);
-      if (!this.root) {
-        this.root = this._initializeTileHeaders(metadata.tileset, null);
-      }
-      this._applyViewState();
-    } catch (error: unknown) {
-      const sourceError = error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(String(error));
-      this._onSourceError(sourceError, this.root);
-      this._onTilesetError(sourceError);
-      throw sourceError;
-    }
-  }
-
-  _initializeStats(): void {
-    this.stats.get(TILES_TOTAL);
-    this.stats.get(TILES_LOADING);
-    this.stats.get(TILES_IN_MEMORY);
-    this.stats.get(TILES_IN_VIEW);
-    this.stats.get(TILES_RENDERABLE);
-    this.stats.get(TILES_LOADED);
-    this.stats.get(TILES_UNLOADED);
-    this.stats.get(TILES_LOAD_FAILED);
-    this.stats.get(POINTS_COUNT);
-    this.stats.get(TILES_GPU_MEMORY, 'memory');
-    this.stats.get(MAXIMUM_SSE);
-  }
-
-  _initializeTileHeaders(tilesetJson: TilesetJSON, parentTileHeader?: Tile3D | null): Tile3D {
-    return this.source.initializeTileHeaders(this, tilesetJson, parentTileHeader);
-  }
-
-  _initializeTraverser(): TilesetTraverser {
-    return this.source.createTraverser({
-      basePath: this.basePath,
-      onTraversalEnd: this._onTraversalEnd.bind(this)
-    });
-  }
-
-  _destroyTileHeaders(parentTile: Tile3D): void {
-    this._destroySubtree(parentTile);
-  }
-
-  async _loadTile(tile: Tile3D): Promise<void> {
-    let loadResult: TileContentLoadResult | null = null;
-    try {
-      this._onStartTileLoading();
-      loadResult = await tile.loadContent();
-    } catch (error: unknown) {
-      const tileError = error instanceof Error ? error : new Error('load failed');
-      this._onSourceError(tileError, tile);
-      this._onTileLoadError(tile, tileError);
-    } finally {
-      this._onEndTileLoading();
-      this._onTileLoad(tile, loadResult);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Loads a source-managed lazy child-header group and reports failures through tile callbacks.
-   *
-   * Subtree metadata shares the normal loading counters but is not reported as render content and
-   * is not added to the GPU cache. Traversal is notified separately after the promise settles.
-   *
-   * @param tile - Runtime tile that owns the lazy subtree reference.
-   * @param frameState - View state that made the subtree eligible for refinement.
-   */
-  async _loadTileChildren(tile: Tile3D, frameState: FrameState): Promise<void> {
-    try {
-      this._onStartTileLoading();
-      await tile.loadChildren(frameState);
-    } catch (error: unknown) {
-      const tileError = error instanceof Error ? error : new Error('subtree load failed');
-      this._onSourceError(tileError, tile);
-      this._onTileLoadError(tile, tileError);
-    } finally {
-      this._onEndTileLoading();
-    }
-  }
-
-  _onTileLoadError(tile: Tile3D, error: Error): void {
-    this.stats.get(TILES_LOAD_FAILED).incrementCount();
-
-    const message = error.message || error.toString();
-    const url = tile.url;
-    console.error(`A 3D tile failed to load: ${tile.url} ${message}`);
-    this.options.onTileError(tile, message, url);
-  }
-
-  _onSourceError(error: Error, tile: Tile3D | null = null): void {
-    this.options.onSourceError(error, this.source, tile);
-  }
-
-  _onTilesetError(error: Error): void {
-    this.options.onTilesetError(error, this);
-  }
-
-  _onTileLoad(tile: Tile3D, loadResult: TileContentLoadResult | null): void {
-    if (!loadResult?.loaded) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    if (tile.content) {
-      calculateTransformProps(tile, tile.content);
-    }
-
-    this.source.onTileLoaded?.(this, tile, loadResult);
-    this._syncSourceState(this.source.getMetadata());
-
-    const totalTiles = this.source.getTilesTotalCount?.();
-    if (totalTiles) {
-      this.stats.get(TILES_TOTAL).reset();
-      this.stats.get(TILES_TOTAL).addCount(totalTiles);
-    }
-
-    this._addTileToCache(tile);
-    this.options.onTileLoad(tile);
-  }
-
-  _onStartTileLoading(): void {
-    this._pendingCount++;
-    this.stats.get(TILES_LOADING).incrementCount();
-  }
-
-  _onEndTileLoading(): void {
-    this._pendingCount--;
-    this.stats.get(TILES_LOADING).decrementCount();
-  }
-
-  _addTileToCache(tile: Tile3D): void {
-    this._cache.add(this, tile, tileset => tileset._updateCacheStats(tile));
-  }
-
-  _updateCacheStats(tile: Tile3D): void {
-    this.stats.get(TILES_LOADED).incrementCount();
-    this.stats.get(TILES_IN_MEMORY).incrementCount();
-
-    this.gpuMemoryUsageInBytes += tile.gpuMemoryUsageInBytes || 0;
-    this.stats.get(TILES_GPU_MEMORY).count = this.gpuMemoryUsageInBytes;
-
-    if (this.options.memoryAdjustedScreenSpaceError) {
-      this.adjustScreenSpaceError();
-    }
-  }
-
-  _unloadTile(tile: Tile3D): void {
-    this.gpuMemoryUsageInBytes -= tile.gpuMemoryUsageInBytes || 0;
-
-    this.stats.get(TILES_IN_MEMORY).decrementCount();
-    this.stats.get(TILES_UNLOADED).incrementCount();
-    this.stats.get(TILES_GPU_MEMORY).count = this.gpuMemoryUsageInBytes;
-
-    this.options.onTileUnload(tile);
-    tile.unloadContent();
-  }
-
-  _destroy(): void {
-    const stack: Tile3D[] = [];
-
-    if (this.root) {
-      stack.push(this.root);
-    }
-
-    while (stack.length > 0) {
-      const tile = stack.pop() as Tile3D;
-
-      for (const child of tile.children) {
-        stack.push(child);
-      }
-
-      this._destroyTile(tile);
-    }
-    this.root = null;
-  }
-
-  _destroySubtree(tile: Tile3D): void {
-    const rootTile = tile;
-    const stack: Tile3D[] = [rootTile];
-    while (stack.length > 0) {
-      tile = stack.pop() as Tile3D;
-      for (const child of tile.children) {
-        stack.push(child);
-      }
-      if (tile !== rootTile) {
-        this._destroyTile(tile);
-      }
-    }
-    rootTile.children = [];
-  }
-
-  _destroyTile(tile: Tile3D): void {
-    this._cache.unloadTile(this, tile);
-    this._unloadTile(tile);
-    tile.destroy();
-  }
-
-  private _syncSourceState(metadata: TilesetSourceMetadata): void {
-    this.tileset = metadata.tileset;
-    this.loader = metadata.loader;
-    this.type = metadata.type;
-    this.url = metadata.url;
-    this.basePath = metadata.basePath;
-    this.lodMetricType = metadata.lodMetricType;
-    this.lodMetricValue = metadata.lodMetricValue;
-    this.refine = metadata.refine;
-    this.contentFormats = this.source.contentFormats;
-    this.asset = this.source.asset || this.asset;
-    const tileset = metadata.tileset as Record<string, any>;
-    this.schema = tileset.schema || null;
-    this.schemaUri = tileset.schemaUri || null;
-    this.groups = tileset.groups || [];
-    this.metadata = tileset.metadata || null;
-    this.statistics = tileset.statistics ?? null;
-    const spatialReference = applyTilesetSpatialOptions(
-      metadata.spatialReference,
-      this.options.spatial
-    );
-    this.spatialReference = preserveTransformedSpatialReference(
-      this.spatialReference,
-      spatialReference
-    );
-    this.properties = this.source.properties ?? this.properties;
-    this.extras = this.source.extras ?? this.extras;
-    if (this.options.attributions?.length) {
-      this.credits = {attributions: this.options.attributions};
-    } else {
-      this.credits = this.source.credits || this.credits;
-    }
-  }
-
-  private _applyViewState(): void {
-    const viewState = this.source.getViewState(this.root);
-    this.asset = viewState.asset || this.source.asset || {};
-    this.properties = viewState.properties ?? this.source.properties;
-    this.extras = viewState.extras ?? this.source.extras ?? null;
-    this.credits = viewState.credits ||
-      this.source.credits ||
-      this.credits || {attributions: this.options.attributions || []};
-    this.description = viewState.description || this.options.description || '';
-    this.boundingVolume = viewState.boundingVolume || this.root?.boundingVolume || null;
-    this.cartographicCenter = viewState.cartographicCenter || new Vector3();
-    this.cartesianCenter = viewState.cartesianCenter || null;
-    this.zoom = viewState.zoom || 1;
-    this.geometricError = this.tileset?.geometricError || 0;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Returns normalized source metadata when initialization has already populated it.
-   */
-  private _getSourceMetadata(): TilesetSourceMetadata | null {
-    try {
-      return this.source.getMetadata();
-    } catch {
-      return null;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-/** Preserve a completed runtime operation when asynchronous source metadata describes the same request. */
-function preserveTransformedSpatialReference(
-  current: TilesetSpatialReference,
-  next: TilesetSpatialReference
-): TilesetSpatialReference {
-  return current?.status === 'transformed' &&
-    current.sourceCrs === next.sourceCrs &&
-    current.targetCrs === next.targetCrs &&
-    current.targetHeightReference === next.targetHeightReference &&
-    current.outputCoordinates === next.outputCoordinates
-    ? current
-    : next;
-}