@graphty/graph-io 0.3.43 → 0.3.44

package/src/formats/graphml/styles-yfiles3.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,573 @@
+/**
+ * yFiles 3 styles (yFiles for HTML, yEd Live): the per-element style objects of the `NodeStyle`, `EdgeStyle`,
+ * `NodeLabels`, `EdgeLabels` and `NodeGeometry` keys, inline or by reference to the graph's `SharedData`, read into
+ * the neutral style vocabulary. References are resolved by value with a depth limit; a reference that is circular
+ * or deeper than the limit is one `W_STYLE_REFERENCE_CYCLE` note, never a hang.
+ */
+
+import type { GraphSnapshot } from "@graphty/graph-format";
+
+import { canonColor, colorOpacity } from "../../styles/canon/color.js";
+import { canonEnum } from "../../styles/canon/enums.js";
+import { canonNumber } from "../../styles/canon/number.js";
+import { MAX_STYLE_VALUE_LENGTH, noteAt } from "../../styles/canon/site.js";
+import { canonText } from "../../styles/canon/text.js";
+import { STYLE_ISSUE } from "../../styles/codes.js";
+import type { StyleNotes } from "../../styles/notes.js";
+import { plainCell } from "../../styles/plan/resolve.js";
+import type { StyleDialect, StyleTarget, StyleWorkBudget } from "../../styles/types.js";
+import {
+    isTree,
+    localOf,
+    type PutValue,
+    type SiteOf,
+    treeAttr,
+    treeChild,
+    treeChildren,
+    treeText,
+    valueColumns,
+    type YedRead,
+} from "./styles-yed.js";
+
+/** How deep a chain of shared references is followed. */
+const MAX_REFERENCE_DEPTH = 16;
+
+/** A style object: its element's local name and the element. */
+interface StyleObject {
+    readonly tag: string;
+    readonly e: unknown;
+}
+
+/** `{x:Null}`: a property explicitly set to nothing. */
+const NULL = Symbol("x:Null");
+
+/** A property value resolved through references. */
+type Resolved = StyleObject | string | typeof NULL | null;
+
+/** A paint: a color in a dialect, `{x:Null}`, or nothing. */
+type Paint = { readonly raw: string; readonly dialect: StyleDialect } | typeof NULL | null;
+
+/** A `{y:GraphMLReference key}` markup extension, whatever the prefix. */
+const REFERENCE = /^\{\s*[\w.-]*:?GraphMLReference\s+([^\s}]+)\s*\}$/;
+
+/** A `{x:Null}` markup extension. */
+const NULL_MARKUP = /^\{\s*[\w.-]*:?Null\s*\}$/;
+
+/** The yFiles key types the reader reads, by the last segment of their `attr.uri`. */
+type KeyKind = "NodeStyle" | "EdgeStyle" | "NodeLabels" | "EdgeLabels" | "NodeGeometry" | "SharedData";
+const KINDS: ReadonlySet<string> = new Set(["NodeStyle", "EdgeStyle", "NodeLabels", "EdgeLabels", "NodeGeometry"]);
+
+/**
+ * The kind of a yFiles 3 column, from the `attr.uri` the importer keeps as its origin type.
+ * @param type - the origin type
+ * @returns the kind, or null
+ */
+function keyKind(type: string | null | undefined): KeyKind | null {
+    if (typeof type !== "string" || !type.includes("://")) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    const last = type.slice(type.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
+    return KINDS.has(last) || last === "SharedData" ? (last as KeyKind) : null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * The columns of a table by kind.
+ * @param table - the table
+ * @returns kind to column name
+ */
+function columnsByKind(table: GraphSnapshot["nodes"]): Map<KeyKind, string> {
+    const out = new Map<KeyKind, string>();
+    for (const col of table) {
+        const kind =
+            col.dtype === "json" && col.meta.origin?.namespace === "yfiles" ? keyKind(col.meta.origin.type) : null;
+        if (kind !== null && !out.has(kind)) {
+            out.set(kind, col.meta.name);
+        }
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
+/** Resolves references against the graph's shared data, counting the ones it gives up on. */
+class References {
+    private readonly shared = new Map<string, StyleObject>();
+
+    /** The references given up on: circular or deeper than the limit. */
+    cycles = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Collects the shared objects of the graph's `SharedData` value.
+     * @param data - the `<data>` content of the SharedData key
+     */
+    constructor(data: unknown) {
+        for (const sd of treeChildren(data, "SharedData")) {
+            if (isTree(sd)) {
+                this.collect(sd);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Collects the shared objects of one SharedData element: the first of each key wins.
+     * @param sd - the element
+     */
+    private collect(sd: Record<string, unknown>): void {
+        for (const key of Object.keys(sd).filter((k) => !k.startsWith("@_") && k !== "#text")) {
+            for (const e of treeChildren(sd, localOf(key))) {
+                const name = sharedKey(e);
+                if (name !== null && !this.shared.has(name)) {
+                    this.shared.set(name, { tag: localOf(key), e });
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether a walk has gone too deep; counts it once when it has.
+     * @param depth - the walk's depth
+     * @returns true past the limit
+     */
+    tooDeep(depth: number): boolean {
+        if (depth > MAX_REFERENCE_DEPTH) {
+            this.cycles++;
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A style object, following a `<y:GraphMLReference ResourceKey>` element to what it names.
+     * @param tag - the element's local name
+     * @param e - the element
+     * @returns the object, or null when the reference names nothing
+     */
+    object(tag: string, e: unknown): StyleObject | null {
+        if (tag === "GraphMLReference") {
+            return this.shared.get(treeAttr(e, "ResourceKey") ?? "") ?? null;
+        }
+        return { tag, e };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The first child element of a property element, as a style object.
+     * @param d - the property element (or a `<data>` content)
+     * @returns the object, or null
+     */
+    first(d: unknown): StyleObject | null {
+        if (!isTree(d)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        for (const key of Object.keys(d)) {
+            if (!key.startsWith("@_") && key !== "#text") {
+                return this.object(localOf(key), treeChildren(d, localOf(key))[0]);
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A property value resolved through references: a style object, text, `{x:Null}` or nothing.
+     * @param v - an attribute's text or a property element
+     * @param depth - the walk's depth
+     * @returns the resolved value
+     */
+    deref(v: unknown, depth = 0): Resolved {
+        if (v === undefined || v === null || this.tooDeep(depth)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (typeof v === "object") {
+            return this.first(v);
+        }
+        if (typeof v !== "string") {
+            return null;
+        }
+        const t = v.trim();
+        if (t.length > MAX_STYLE_VALUE_LENGTH) {
+            return t;
+        }
+        if (NULL_MARKUP.test(t)) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        const m = REFERENCE.exec(t);
+        if (m !== null) {
+            return this.shared.get(m[1]) ?? null;
+        }
+        return t;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The `x:Key` of a shared object.
+ * @param e - the element
+ * @returns the key, or null
+ */
+function sharedKey(e: unknown): string | null {
+    if (!isTree(e)) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    for (const key of Object.keys(e)) {
+        if (key.startsWith("@_") && localOf(key.slice(2)) === "Key") {
+            const value = e[key];
+            return typeof value === "string" ? value : null;
+        }
+    }
+    return null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A property of a style object: its attribute, or its `<Tag.property>` child element.
+ * @param st - the style object
+ * @param name - the property name
+ * @returns the attribute text, the property element, or undefined
+ */
+function prop(st: StyleObject, name: string): unknown {
+    const attr = treeAttr(st.e, name);
+    if (attr !== undefined) {
+        return attr;
+    }
+    return treeChild(st.e, `${st.tag}.${name}`);
+}
+
+/**
+ * A paint: a color constant or `#AARRGGBB` in the yFiles 3 dialect, a CSS color, the first stop of a gradient
+ * (with a note), or `{x:Null}`.
+ * @param refs - the references
+ * @param v - the property value
+ * @param gradient - called when the paint is a gradient
+ * @param depth - the walk's depth
+ * @returns the paint
+ */
+function paintOf(refs: References, v: unknown, gradient: (() => void) | null, depth = 0): Paint {
+    if (refs.tooDeep(depth)) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    const x = refs.deref(v, depth);
+    if (x === null || x === NULL) {
+        return x;
+    }
+    if (typeof x === "string") {
+        return { raw: x, dialect: "yfiles3" };
+    }
+    const { tag } = x;
+    if (tag === "SolidColorFill") {
+        return paintOf(refs, prop(x, "color"), gradient, depth + 1);
+    }
+    if (tag === "Color") {
+        return paintOf(refs, treeAttr(x.e, "value"), gradient, depth + 1);
+    }
+    if (tag === "CssFill") {
+        const css = treeAttr(x.e, "cssString");
+        return css === undefined ? null : { raw: css, dialect: "css" };
+    }
+    if (tag.endsWith("Gradient")) {
+        gradient?.();
+        const stop =
+            treeChildren(x.e, "GradientStop")[0] ??
+            treeChildren(treeChild(x.e, `${tag}.GradientStops`), "GradientStop")[0];
+        return stop === undefined ? null : paintOf(refs, treeAttr(stop, "color"), null, depth + 1);
+    }
+    if (tag === "Stroke") {
+        return paintOf(refs, prop(x, "fill"), gradient, depth + 1);
+    }
+    return null;
+}
+
+/** A stroke's color, width and line style. */
+interface Stroke {
+    readonly color: Paint;
+    readonly width: unknown;
+    readonly line: string;
+}
+
+/** yFiles 3's dash style names. */
+const DASHES: ReadonlyMap<string, string> = new Map([
+    ["solid", "solid"],
+    ["dash", "dashed"],
+    ["dot", "dotted"],
+    ["dashdot", "dash-dot"],
+    ["dashdotdot", "dash-dot"],
+]);
+
+/**
+ * A stroke: a `Stroke` object, a color written as a stroke, or `{x:Null}`.
+ * @param refs - the references
+ * @param v - the property value
+ * @returns the stroke, `{x:Null}`, or null
+ */
+function strokeOf(refs: References, v: unknown): Stroke | typeof NULL | null {
+    const x = refs.deref(v);
+    if (x === null || x === NULL) {
+        return x;
+    }
+    if (typeof x === "string" || x.tag !== "Stroke") {
+        return { color: paintOf(refs, v, null), width: 1, line: "solid" };
+    }
+    let line = "solid";
+    const d = refs.deref(prop(x, "dashStyle"), 1);
+    if (typeof d === "string") {
+        const lower = d.slice(0, MAX_STYLE_VALUE_LENGTH).toLowerCase().replaceAll("_", "");
+        line = DASHES.get(lower) ?? `other:${lower}`;
+    } else if (d !== null && d !== NULL) {
+        // a DashStyle object: two numbers dash or dot, four dash-dot
+        const dashes = (treeAttr(d.e, "dashes") ?? "")
+            .slice(0, MAX_STYLE_VALUE_LENGTH)
+            .trim()
+            .split(/[\s,]+/)
+            .map(Number)
+            .filter(Number.isFinite);
+        if (dashes.length === 2) {
+            line = dashes[0] <= 1 ? "dotted" : "dashed";
+        } else if (dashes.length === 4) {
+            line = "dash-dot";
+        } else if (dashes.length > 0) {
+            line = `other:dashes ${dashes.slice(0, 8).join(" ")}`;
+        }
+    }
+    const w = prop(x, "thickness");
+    return { color: paintOf(refs, prop(x, "fill"), null), width: typeof w === "string" ? w : 1, line };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Writes a paint into a color property, its alpha into the property's opacity where it has one.
+ * @param pt - the paint
+ * @param property - the color property
+ * @param opacity - its opacity property, or null
+ * @param put - receives the values
+ * @param at - the sites
+ */
+function putPaint(pt: Paint, property: string, opacity: string | null, put: PutValue, at: SiteOf): void {
+    if (pt === null || pt === NULL) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const c = canonColor(pt.raw, pt.dialect, at(property));
+    if (c === null) {
+        return;
+    }
+    put(property, c.color);
+    const alpha = colorOpacity(c, null, at(property), opacity !== null);
+    if (opacity !== null) {
+        put(opacity, alpha);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reads a node style.
+ * @param refs - the references
+ * @param data - the `<data>` content of the NodeStyle key
+ * @param put - receives the values
+ * @param at - the sites
+ */
+function readNodeStyle(refs: References, data: unknown, put: PutValue, at: SiteOf): void {
+    const st = unwrapped(refs, refs.first(data));
+    if (st === null || typeof st !== "object") {
+        if (data !== null && data !== undefined && data !== "") {
+            noteAt(at("fill"), STYLE_ISSUE.UNRESOLVED, "NodeStyle");
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+    const style = st;
+    putPaint(
+        paintOf(refs, prop(style, "fill"), () => {
+            noteAt(at("fill"), STYLE_ISSUE.GRADIENT, style.tag);
+        }),
+        "fill",
+        "fillOpacity",
+        put,
+        at,
+    );
+    const stroke = strokeOf(refs, prop(style, "stroke"));
+    if (stroke === NULL) {
+        put("borderWidth", 0);
+    } else if (stroke !== null) {
+        putPaint(stroke.color, "borderColor", null, put, at);
+        put("borderWidth", canonNumber(stroke.width, at("borderWidth")));
+        put("borderStyle", canonEnum("borderStyle", stroke.line, "yfiles3", at("borderStyle")));
+    }
+    put("shape", nodeShapeOf(style, at));
+    const cornerSize = style.tag === "RectangleNodeStyle" ? treeAttr(style.e, "cornerSize") : undefined;
+    if (cornerSize !== undefined) {
+        put("cornerRadius", canonNumber(cornerSize, at("cornerRadius")));
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The style a collapsible group's decorators wrap; a decorator that wraps itself is a cycle.
+ * @param refs - the references
+ * @param first - the node's style
+ * @returns the style that draws the node, or null for a cycle
+ */
+function unwrapped(refs: References, first: Resolved): Resolved {
+    let st = first;
+    const seen = new Set<unknown>();
+    while (st !== null && typeof st === "object" && st.tag === "CollapsibleNodeStyleDecorator") {
+        if (seen.has(st.e) || refs.tooDeep(seen.size)) {
+            refs.cycles++;
+            return null;
+        }
+        seen.add(st.e);
+        st = refs.deref(prop(st, "wrappedStyle"));
+    }
+    return st;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A node style's shape: its `shape`, else what its kind draws.
+ * @param style - the style
+ * @param at - the sites
+ * @returns the shape, or null when it does not parse
+ */
+function nodeShapeOf(style: StyleObject, at: SiteOf): string | null {
+    const shape = treeAttr(style.e, "shape");
+    if (shape !== undefined) {
+        return canonEnum("shape", shape, "yfiles3", at("shape"));
+    }
+    if (style.tag === "RectangleNodeStyle") {
+        return treeAttr(style.e, "cornerSize") === undefined ? "rectangle" : "round-rectangle";
+    }
+    if (style.tag === "ShapeNodeStyle") {
+        return "rectangle";
+    }
+    noteAt(at("shape"), STYLE_ISSUE.UNKNOWN_VALUE, style.tag);
+    return `other:${style.tag}`;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reads an edge style.
+ * @param refs - the references
+ * @param data - the `<data>` content of the EdgeStyle key
+ * @param put - receives the values
+ * @param at - the sites
+ */
+function readEdgeStyle(refs: References, data: unknown, put: PutValue, at: SiteOf): void {
+    const st = refs.first(data);
+    if (st === null) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const stroke = strokeOf(refs, prop(st, "stroke"));
+    if (stroke === NULL) {
+        noteAt(at("color"), STYLE_ISSUE.NO_STROKE, "{x:Null}");
+    } else if (stroke !== null) {
+        putPaint(stroke.color, "color", "opacity", put, at);
+        put("width", canonNumber(stroke.width, at("width")));
+        put("lineStyle", canonEnum("lineStyle", stroke.line, "yfiles3", at("lineStyle")));
+    }
+    for (const end of ["source", "target"] as const) {
+        const a = refs.deref(prop(st, `${end}Arrow`));
+        const property = `${end}Arrow`;
+        let type: string | null = null;
+        if (a !== null && a !== NULL && typeof a === "object") {
+            type = treeAttr(a.e, "type") ?? "DEFAULT";
+            putPaint(paintOf(refs, prop(a, "fill"), null), `${end}ArrowColor`, null, put, at);
+        } else if (typeof a === "string") {
+            type = a;
+        }
+        if (type !== null) {
+            put(property, canonEnum("arrow", /^default$/i.test(type) ? "triangle" : type, "yfiles3", at(property)));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reads an element's labels: the first one with text; further ones are noted for the element.
+ * @param refs - the references
+ * @param data - the `<data>` content of the NodeLabels or EdgeLabels key
+ * @param put - receives the values
+ * @param at - the sites
+ */
+function readLabels(refs: References, data: unknown, put: PutValue, at: SiteOf): void {
+    let label: unknown = undefined;
+    let text = "";
+    let extra = 0;
+    for (const l of treeChildren(treeChild(data, "List"), "Label")) {
+        const raw = treeAttr(l, "Text") ?? treeText(treeChild(l, "Label.Text")) ?? "";
+        if (raw.trim().length === 0) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (label === undefined) {
+            label = l;
+            text = raw;
+        } else {
+            extra++;
+        }
+    }
+    if (label === undefined) {
+        return;
+    }
+    if (extra > 0) {
+        noteAt(at("label"), STYLE_ISSUE.EXTRA_LABELS, `${String(extra + 1)} labels`);
+    }
+    put("label", canonText(text, at("label")));
+    const ls = refs.deref(treeAttr(label, "Style") ?? treeChild(label, "Label.Style"));
+    if (ls === null || ls === NULL || typeof ls !== "object" || !ls.tag.endsWith("LabelStyle")) {
+        return;
+    }
+    putPaint(paintOf(refs, prop(ls, "textFill"), null), "labelColor", null, put, at);
+    const f = refs.deref(prop(ls, "font"));
+    if (f !== null && f !== NULL && typeof f === "object" && f.tag === "Font") {
+        put("labelSize", canonNumber(treeAttr(f.e, "fontSize"), at("labelSize")));
+        const family = treeAttr(f.e, "fontFamily");
+        if (family !== undefined) {
+            put("labelFont", canonText(family.replaceAll(/(^['"])|(['"]$)/g, ""), at("labelFont")));
+        }
+        const weight = treeAttr(f.e, "fontWeight");
+        if (weight !== undefined) {
+            put("labelWeight", canonEnum("weight", weight, "yfiles3", at("labelWeight")));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The yFiles 3 styles of a graph.
+ * @param snapshot - the graph
+ * @param notes - where problems are noted
+ * @param budget - the work budget
+ * @returns the values, or null when the graph has none of yFiles 3's style keys
+ */
+export function readYfiles3Styles(snapshot: GraphSnapshot, notes: StyleNotes, budget: StyleWorkBudget): YedRead | null {
+    const nodeKinds = columnsByKind(snapshot.nodes);
+    const edgeKinds = columnsByKind(snapshot.edges);
+    const styled = [...nodeKinds.keys(), ...edgeKinds.keys()].some((k) => k !== "SharedData");
+    if (!styled) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    const graphKinds = columnsByKind(snapshot.graph);
+    const sharedName = graphKinds.get("SharedData");
+    const refs = new References(sharedName === undefined ? null : plainCell(snapshot.graph.value(sharedName, 0)));
+    const read = (target: StyleTarget, kinds: Map<KeyKind, string>): ReturnType<typeof valueColumns>["values"] => {
+        const table = target === "node" ? snapshot.nodes : snapshot.edges;
+        const n = target === "node" ? snapshot.nodeCount : snapshot.edgeCount;
+        const out = valueColumns(n);
+        const style = kinds.get(target === "node" ? "NodeStyle" : "EdgeStyle");
+        const labels = kinds.get(target === "node" ? "NodeLabels" : "EdgeLabels");
+        const geometry = target === "node" ? kinds.get("NodeGeometry") : undefined;
+        const readStyle = target === "node" ? readNodeStyle : readEdgeStyle;
+        const cell = (name: string | undefined, i: number): unknown =>
+            name === undefined ? undefined : plainCell(table.value(name, i));
+        for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            budget.spend(target, 1);
+            const at: SiteOf = (property) => ({ notes, target, property, element: i, budget });
+            const put: PutValue = (property, value) => {
+                out.put(i, property, value);
+            };
+            if (style !== undefined) {
+                readStyle(refs, cell(style, i), put, at);
+            }
+            if (labels !== undefined) {
+                readLabels(refs, cell(labels, i), put, at);
+            }
+            if (geometry !== undefined) {
+                const rect = treeChild(cell(geometry, i), "RectD");
+                put("width", canonNumber(treeAttr(rect, "Width"), at("width")));
+                put("height", canonNumber(treeAttr(rect, "Height"), at("height")));
+            }
+        }
+        return out.values;
+    };
+    const node = read("node", nodeKinds);
+    const edge = read("edge", edgeKinds);
+    if (refs.cycles > 0) {
+        notes.add(STYLE_ISSUE.REFERENCE_CYCLE, null, null, {
+            sample: `references deeper than ${String(MAX_REFERENCE_DEPTH)} or circular (${String(refs.cycles)})`,
+        });
+    }
+    return { node, edge };
+}

package/src/formats/graphml/tree.ts

@@ -141,9 +141,10 @@ function valueOf(frame: Frame): unknown {
  */
 function attachChild(parent: Frame, name: string, value: unknown): void {
     parent.hasChildren = true;
-    const existing = parent.node[name];
+    // own keys only: an element named `__proto__` is a child like any other, never the object's prototype
+    const existing = Object.hasOwn(parent.node, name) ? parent.node[name] : undefined;
     if (existing === undefined) {
-        parent.node[name] = value;
+        Object.defineProperty(parent.node, name, { value, writable: true, enumerable: true, configurable: true });
     } else if (Array.isArray(existing)) {
         existing.push(value);
     } else {
@@ -251,53 +252,68 @@ export function writeXmlTree(value: unknown, indent: string, out: string[]): voi
 }
 
 /**
- * Write one element (or, for an array, one element per item).
+ * Write one element (or, for an array, one element per item). An element holding text beside child elements (a yEd
+ * label: its text, then its label model) is written without any whitespace of its own inside it, so the text reads
+ * back exactly as it was.
  * @param name - the element name
  * @param value - the element value
- * @param indent - the indentation of this element
+ * @param indent - the indentation of this element, or null to write it with no line break or indentation
  * @param out - receives the text parts
  */
-function writeElements(name: string, value: unknown, indent: string, out: string[]): void {
+function writeElements(name: string, value: unknown, indent: string | null, out: string[]): void {
     if (Array.isArray(value)) {
         for (const item of value) {
             writeElements(name, item, indent, out);
         }
         return;
     }
+    const brk = indent === null ? "" : `\n${indent}`;
     if (value === null || typeof value !== "object") {
         const text = scalarText(value);
-        out.push(text.length === 0 ? `\n${indent}<${name}/>` : `\n${indent}<${name}>${escapeXmlText(text)}</${name}>`);
+        out.push(text.length === 0 ? `${brk}<${name}/>` : `${brk}<${name}>${escapeXmlText(text)}</${name}>`);
         return;
     }
-    const object = value as XmlTreeObject;
-    const { attrs, text, hasChildren } = scanElement(object);
+    writeObjectElement(name, value as XmlTreeObject, indent, out);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Write one element whose value is a tree object: its attributes, its text and its children.
+ * @param name - the element name
+ * @param object - the element value
+ * @param indent - the indentation of this element, or null to write it with no line break or indentation
+ * @param out - receives the text parts
+ */
+function writeObjectElement(name: string, object: XmlTreeObject, indent: string | null, out: string[]): void {
+    const brk = indent === null ? "" : `\n${indent}`;
+    const { attrs, text, hasChildren } = elementParts(object);
     if (!hasChildren) {
         out.push(
             text === null || text.length === 0
-                ? `\n${indent}<${name}${attrs}/>`
-                : `\n${indent}<${name}${attrs}>${escapeXmlText(text)}</${name}>`,
+                ? `${brk}<${name}${attrs}/>`
+                : `${brk}<${name}${attrs}>${escapeXmlText(text)}</${name}>`,
         );
         return;
     }
-    out.push(`\n${indent}<${name}${attrs}>`);
-    const inner = `${indent}  `;
+    // mixed content: the text first and the children with no whitespace, so none is added to the text
+    const inner = indent === null || text !== null ? null : `${indent}  `;
+    out.push(`${brk}<${name}${attrs}>`);
+    if (text !== null) {
+        out.push(escapeXmlText(text));
+    }
     for (const [key, child] of Object.entries(object)) {
         if (key !== TEXT_KEY && !key.startsWith(ATTRIBUTE_PREFIX)) {
             writeElements(key, child, inner, out);
         }
     }
-    if (text !== null) {
-        out.push(escapeXmlText(text));
-    }
-    out.push(`\n${indent}</${name}>`);
+    out.push(inner === null ? `</${name}>` : `${brk}</${name}>`);
 }
 
 /**
- * Split an element object into its attribute text, its text content and whether it has children.
- * @param object - the element object
- * @returns the attribute text, the text content (null when absent) and the children flag
+ * What a tree object holds besides its children: its attributes as text and its text.
+ * @param object - the object
+ * @returns the attribute text, the text (null for none) and whether it has child elements
  */
-function scanElement(object: XmlTreeObject): { attrs: string; text: string | null; hasChildren: boolean } {
+function elementParts(object: XmlTreeObject): { attrs: string; text: string | null; hasChildren: boolean } {
     let attrs = "";
     let text: string | null = null;
     let hasChildren = false;