@gordon.gan/specflow 1.3.3-beta → 1.4.1

package/skills/database/redis/examples/01-cache-usage.md

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+# Redis 缓存使用示例
+
+## 1. Cache-Aside 模式 (Java + Spring Boot)
+
+```java
+@Service
+public class UserService {
+    @Autowired
+    private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
+    @Autowired
+    private UserMapper userMapper;
+
+    public User getUserById(Long id) {
+        String key = "user:" + id;
+        // 1. 尝试从缓存获取
+        User user = (User) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
+        if (user != null) {
+            return user;
+        }
+        // 2. 缓存未命中，查数据库
+        user = userMapper.selectById(id);
+        if (user != null) {
+            // 3. 写入缓存，设置 TTL
+            redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, user, 1, TimeUnit.HOURS);
+        }
+        return user;
+    }
+
+    public void updateUser(User user) {
+        // 1. 更新数据库
+        userMapper.updateById(user);
+        // 2. 删除缓存 (下次读取时重建)
+        redisTemplate.delete("user:" + user.getId());
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## 2. 分布式锁 (Python + redis-py)
+
+```python
+import redis
+import uuid
+import time
+
+r = redis.Redis(host='localhost', port=6379, decode_responses=True)
+
+def acquire_lock(lock_name, acquire_timeout=10, lock_timeout=30):
+    """获取分布式锁"""
+    identifier = str(uuid.uuid4())
+    lock_key = f"lock:{lock_name}"
+    end = time.time() + acquire_timeout
+
+    while time.time() < end:
+        if r.set(lock_key, identifier, nx=True, ex=lock_timeout):
+            return identifier  # 成功获取锁
+        time.sleep(0.01)  # 短暂休眠后重试
+    return None  # 超时未获取
+
+def release_lock(lock_name, identifier):
+    """释放分布式锁 (Lua 脚本保证原子性)"""
+    lock_key = f"lock:{lock_name}"
+    lua_script = """
+    if redis.call("get",KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1] then
+        return redis.call("del",KEYS[1])
+    else
+        return 0
+    end
+    """
+    return r.eval(lua_script, 1, lock_key, identifier)
+
+# 使用示例
+lock_id = acquire_lock("order:1001")
+if lock_id:
+    try:
+        print("处理订单 1001...")
+        # 执行业务逻辑
+    finally:
+        release_lock("order:1001", lock_id)
+```
+
+## 3. 限流器 (Node.js)
+
+```javascript
+const Redis = require('ioredis');
+const redis = new Redis();
+
+async function rateLimit(ip, limit = 100, window = 60) {
+    const key = `ratelimit:${ip}`;
+    const current = await redis.incr(key);
+    if (current === 1) {
+        await redis.expire(key, window);
+    }
+    return current <= limit;
+}
+
+// 使用: 每个 IP 每分钟最多 100 次请求
+app.use(async (req, res, next) => {
+    const allowed = await rateLimit(req.ip);
+    if (!allowed) {
+        return res.status(429).json({ error: '请求过于频繁' });
+    }
+    next();
+});
+```

package/skills/database/redis/examples/02-session-storage.md

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+# Redis Session 存储示例
+
+## 1. Spring Session + Redis
+
+```xml
+<!-- pom.xml 依赖 -->
+<dependency>
+    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
+</dependency>
+<dependency>
+    <groupId>org.springframework.session</groupId>
+    <artifactId>spring-session-data-redis</artifactId>
+</dependency>
+```
+
+```yaml
+# application.yml
+spring:
+  session:
+    store-type: redis
+    timeout: 1800  # Session 过期时间 (秒)
+  redis:
+    host: localhost
+    port: 6379
+    password: your_password
+    timeout: 2000ms
+    lettuce:
+      pool:
+        max-active: 50
+        max-idle: 20
+        min-idle: 5
+```
+
+```java
+@Configuration
+@EnableRedisHttpSession(maxInactiveIntervalInSeconds = 1800)
+public class RedisSessionConfig {
+    // 自动生效，无需额外代码
+}
+```
+
+## 2. Flask Session (Python)
+
+```python
+from flask import Flask, session
+from flask_session import Session
+import redis
+
+app = Flask(__name__)
+app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'your-secret-key'
+app.config['SESSION_TYPE'] = 'redis'
+app.config['SESSION_REDIS'] = redis.from_url('redis://localhost:6379/0')
+app.config['SESSION_PERMANENT'] = False
+app.config['SESSION_USE_SIGNER'] = True
+app.config['SESSION_KEY_PREFIX'] = 'session:'
+app.config['SESSION_PERMANENT_TIMEOUT'] = 1800
+
+Session(app)
+
+@app.route('/login')
+def login():
+    session['user_id'] = 1001
+    session['role'] = 'admin'
+    return 'Session stored in Redis'
+
+@app.route('/profile')
+def profile():
+    user_id = session.get('user_id')
+    role = session.get('role')
+    return f'User {user_id} with role {role}'
+```

package/skills/database/redis/examples/03-leaderboard.md

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+# Redis ZSet 排行榜示例
+
+## 游戏排行榜 (Go)
+
+```go
+package redis
+
+import (
+    "context"
+    "github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
+)
+
+type Leaderboard struct {
+    rdb *redis.Client
+    key string
+}
+
+func NewLeaderboard(rdb *redis.Client, gameID string) *Leaderboard {
+    return &Leaderboard{rdb: rdb, key: "leaderboard:" + gameID}
+}
+
+// AddScore 增加玩家分数 (原子操作)
+func (lb *Leaderboard) AddScore(ctx context.Context, player string, score float64) error {
+    return lb.rdb.ZIncrBy(ctx, lb.key, score, player).Err()
+}
+
+// GetTopN 获取前 N 名
+func (lb *Leaderboard) GetTopN(ctx context.Context, n int64) ([]redis.Z, error) {
+    return lb.rdb.ZRevRangeWithScores(ctx, lb.key, 0, n-1).Result()
+}
+
+// GetRank 获取玩家排名 (从 0 开始)
+func (lb *Leaderboard) GetRank(ctx context.Context, player string) (int64, error) {
+    rank, err := lb.rdb.ZRevRank(ctx, lb.key, player).Result()
+    if err != nil {
+        return -1, err
+    }
+    return rank + 1, nil // 转为 1-based
+}
+
+// GetScore 获取玩家分数
+func (lb *Leaderboard) GetScore(ctx context.Context, player string) (float64, error) {
+    return lb.rdb.ZScore(ctx, lb.key, player).Result()
+}
+```
+
+## 周榜 + 日榜 + 总榜设计
+
+```redis
+# 命名规范
+leaderboard:total          # 总榜 (长周期)
+leaderboard:2024:W01       # 周榜
+leaderboard:2024:01:15     # 日榜
+
+# 每日零点：创建新日榜
+# 每周一零点：创建新周榜
+
+# 合并多期分数 (ZUNIONSTORE)
+ZUNIONSTORE leaderboard:month 3
+    leaderboard:2024:01:01 leaderboard:2024:01:02 leaderboard:2024:01:03
+    WEIGHTS 1 1 1
+    AGGREGATE SUM
+```

package/skills/database/redis/examples/04-redis-cluster-setup.md

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+# Redis Cluster 搭建与运维示例
+
+## 1. 最小生产集群 (3主3从)
+
+```bash
+# 6 个节点目录
+mkdir -p /data/redis/{7000,7001,7002,7003,7004,7005}
+
+# 每个节点 redis.conf
+cat > /data/redis/7000/redis.conf << 'EOF'
+port 7000
+cluster-enabled yes
+cluster-config-file nodes-7000.conf
+cluster-node-timeout 5000
+appendonly yes
+appendfsync everysec
+protected-mode no
+bind 0.0.0.0
+daemonize yes
+logfile /var/log/redis/7000.log
+EOF
+
+# 启动 6 个节点
+redis-server /data/redis/7000/redis.conf
+redis-server /data/redis/7001/redis.conf
+redis-server /data/redis/7002/redis.conf
+redis-server /data/redis/7003/redis.conf
+redis-server /data/redis/7004/redis.conf
+redis-server /data/redis/7005/redis.conf
+
+# 创建集群 (Redis 5+)
+redis-cli --cluster create \
+    192.168.1.100:7000 192.168.1.100:7001 192.168.1.100:7002 \
+    192.168.1.100:7003 192.168.1.100:7004 192.168.1.100:7005 \
+    --cluster-replicas 1
+```
+
+## 2. 集群运维命令
+
+```bash
+# 检查集群状态
+redis-cli -c -h 192.168.1.100 -p 7000 cluster info
+redis-cli -c -h 192.168.1.100 -p 7000 cluster nodes
+
+# 重新平衡 slot
+redis-cli --cluster rebalance 192.168.1.100:7000 \
+    --cluster-weight node1=1 node2=2 node3=1 \
+    --cluster-use-empty-masters
+
+# 修复集群
+redis-cli --cluster fix 192.168.1.100:7000
+
+# 动态扩容：添加节点
+redis-cli --cluster add-node 新节点:7006 已有节点:7000 --cluster-slave
+redis-cli --cluster reshard 已有节点:7000 --cluster-from all \
+    --cluster-to 新节点id --cluster-slots 1000 --cluster-yes
+```
+
+## 3. 数据迁移方案
+
+```bash
+# 使用 redis-shake 跨集群迁移
+redis-shake.linux -type sync -conf redis-shake.conf
+
+# redis-shake.conf 示例
+source.type = cluster
+source.address = 192.168.1.100:7000
+target.type = cluster
+target.address = 192.168.1.200:7000
+```

package/skills/database/redis/examples/05-stream-queue.md

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+# Redis Stream 消息队列示例
+
+## 1. 生产-消费模式
+
+```redis
+# 生产者: 发送消息
+XADD orders * order_id 1001 user_id 42 amount 99.99 status pending
+XADD orders * order_id 1002 user_id 55 amount 199.00 status pending
+
+# 消费者: 读取消息 (非阻塞)
+XRANGE orders - + COUNT 10
+
+# 消费者: 阻塞读取新消息
+XREAD COUNT 1 BLOCK 5000 STREAMS orders $
+
+# 消息长度
+XLEN orders
+
+# 删除消息
+XDEL orders 1700000000000-0
+
+# 修剪 (保留最近的 1000 条)
+XTRIM orders MAXLEN ~ 1000
+```
+
+## 2. 消费组模式
+
+```redis
+# 创建消费组 (从最新消息开始消费)
+XGROUP CREATE orders payment-group $ MKSTREAM
+XGROUP CREATE orders inventory-group $
+XGROUP CREATE orders notification-group $
+
+# 消费组成员: 读取未确认消息
+# payment-service
+XREADGROUP GROUP payment-group worker-1 COUNT 1 BLOCK 2000 STREAMS orders >
+# inventory-service
+XREADGROUP GROUP inventory-group worker-1 COUNT 1 BLOCK 2000 STREAMS orders >
+# notification-service
+XREADGROUP GROUP notification-group worker-1 COUNT 1 BLOCK 2000 STREAMS orders >
+
+# 确认消费 (ACK)
+XACK orders payment-group 1700000000000-0
+
+# 查看待确认消息
+XPENDING orders payment-group
+
+# 查看消费组信息
+XINFO GROUPS orders
+XINFO CONSUMERS orders payment-group
+```
+
+## 3. CAP 对比: Stream vs Kafka
+
+| 特性 | Redis Stream | Apache Kafka |
+|------|-------------|-------------|
+| 延迟 | <1ms | <10ms |
+| 消息持久化 | RDB/AOF | 磁盘日志 |
+| 消息回溯 | 支持 | 支持 |
+| 消费组 | 支持 | 支持 |
+| 分区顺序 | 单分区有序 | 单分区有序 |
+| 数据保留 | 内存+磁盘 (可控) | 磁盘 (可配置) |
+| 吞吐量 | 10万+/s | 百万+/s |
+| 运维复杂度 | 低 (Redis 原生) | 高 (需 ZK) |
+| 适用场景 | 微服务异步、任务队列 | 大数据流、日志采集 |

package/skills/database/redis/references/command-quick-ref.md

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+# Redis 命令速查
+
+## 操作分类速查
+
+```
+内存操作: SET / GET / DEL / EXISTS / TYPE / TTL / EXPIRE / PERSIST
+计数器:   INCR / DECR / INCRBY / INCRBYFLOAT
+散列:     HSET / HGET / HGETALL / HDEL / HEXISTS / HINCRBY
+列表:     LPUSH / RPUSH / LPOP / RPOP / LRANGE / LLEN / LTRIM / BLPOP
+集合:     SADD / SREM / SMEMBERS / SISMEMBER / SCARD / SINTER / SUNION
+有序集合: ZADD / ZREM / ZRANGE / ZRANK / ZSCORE / ZINCRBY / ZINTERSTORE
+位图:     SETBIT / GETBIT / BITCOUNT / BITOP
+地理:     GEOADD / GEOPOS / GEODIST / GEORADIUS
+流:       XADD / XREAD / XREADGROUP / XACK / XRANGE / XLEN / XTRIM
+超日志:   PFADD / PFCOUNT / PFMERGE
+事务:     MULTI / EXEC / WATCH / DISCARD
+脚本:     EVAL / EVALSHA / SCRIPT LOAD / SCRIPT KILL
+连接:     PING / AUTH / SELECT / CLIENT LIST / CLIENT KILL
+服务器:   INFO / CONFIG GET/SET / SLOWLOG / MONITOR / DBSIZE / FLUSHALL
+发布订阅: PUBLISH / SUBSCRIBE / PSUBSCRIBE / PUBSUB
+```
+
+## 字符串命令速查
+
+```
+SET key value [EX|PX] [NX|XX]     # 设置值，支持过期和条件
+GET key                            # 返回字符串值或 nil
+MGET key1 key2                     # 批量获取
+MSET k1 v1 k2 v2                   # 批量设置
+INCR key                           # 整数 +1 (原子)
+INCRBY key n                       # 整数 +n
+DECR key                           # 整数 -1
+DECRBY key n                       # 整数 -n
+APPEND key value                   # 追加到末尾
+GETRANGE key start end             # 获取子串
+SETRANGE key offset value          # 从 offset 覆写
+STRLEN key                         # 获取长度
+GETSET key new_value               # 返回旧值设新值
+SETEX key sec value                # 设置+过期
+SETNX key value                    # 不存在才设置
+```
+
+## 哈希命令速查
+
+```
+HSET key field value               # 设置字段
+HSETNX key field value             # 不存在才设置
+HGET key field                     # 获取字段
+HGETALL key                        # 获取所有 (慎用)
+HMGET key f1 f2                    # 批量获取
+HMSET key f1 v1 f2 v2             # 批量设置
+HDEL key field                     # 删除字段
+HEXISTS key field                  # 判断存在
+HLEN key                           # 字段数量
+HKEYS key                          # 所有字段名
+HVALS key                          # 所有字段值
+HINCRBY key field n                # 字段值 +n
+HINCRBYFLOAT key field n           # 浮点增加
+```
+
+## 列表命令速查
+
+```
+LPUSH key v1 v2                    # 左推
+RPUSH key v1 v2                    # 右推
+LPOP key                           # 左弹
+RPOP key                           # 右弹
+LRANGE key start stop              # 范围获取
+LINDEX key index                   # 索引获取
+LLEN key                           # 长度
+LREM key count value               # 移除元素
+LTRIM key start stop               # 修剪
+LSET key index value               # 设置索引值
+BLPOP key timeout                  # 阻塞左弹
+BRPOP key timeout                  # 阻塞右弹
+RPOPLPUSH src dst                  # 转存
+BRPOPLPUSH src dst timeout         # 阻塞转存
+```
+
+## 集合命令速查
+
+```
+SADD key m1 m2                     # 添加
+SREM key m1                        # 移除
+SMEMBERS key                       # 所有成员
+SISMEMBER key m                    # 是否在集合中
+SCARD key                          # 数量
+SPOP key                           # 随机弹出
+SRANDMEMBER key count              # 随机取样
+SINTER k1 k2                       # 交集
+SUNION k1 k2                       # 并集
+SDIFF k1 k2                        # 差集
+SINTERSTORE dest k1 k2             # 交集存
+SUNIONSTORE dest k1 k2             # 并集存
+SDIFFSTORE dest k1 k2              # 差集存
+SSCAN key cursor                   # 渐进迭代
+```
+
+## 有序集合命令速查
+
+```
+ZADD key score member              # 添加
+ZREM key member                    # 移除
+ZRANGE key start stop [WITHSCORES] # 按排名取 (小到大)
+ZREVRANGE key start stop [WS]      # 按排名取 (大到小)
+ZRANGEBYSCORE key min max          # 按分数取
+ZRANK key member                   # 排名 (小到大)
+ZREVRANK key member                # 排名 (大到小)
+ZSCORE key member                  # 分数
+ZCARD key                          # 数量
+ZINCRBY key n member               # 分数 +n
+ZCOUNT key min max                 # 分数区间内数量
+ZREM key member                    # 移除
+ZREMRANGEBYRANK key start stop     # 移除排名区间
+ZREMRANGEBYSCORE key min max       # 移除分数区间
+ZINTERSTORE dest n keys [WEIGHTS]  # 交集
+ZUNIONSTORE dest n keys [WEIGHTS]  # 并集
+ZSCAN key cursor                   # 渐进迭代
+```
+
+## 发布订阅命令速查
+
+```
+SUBSCRIBE channel                  # 订阅
+UNSUBSCRIBE channel                # 退订
+PUBLISH channel message            # 发布
+PSUBSCRIBE pattern                 # 模式订阅
+PUNSUBSCRIBE pattern               # 模式退订
+PUBSUB channels                    # 查看活跃频道
+PUBSUB numsub channel              # 查看频道订阅数
+```
+
+## 脚本命令速查
+
+```
+EVAL script numkeys key [key] arg [arg]           # 执行 Lua
+EVALSHA sha1 numkeys key [key] arg [arg]          # 通过 SHA1 执行缓存脚本
+SCRIPT LOAD script                                 # 加载脚本到缓存
+SCRIPT EXISTS sha1                                 # 检查脚本是否在缓存
+SCRIPT FLUSH                                       # 清除脚本缓存
+SCRIPT KILL                                        # 终止正在运行的脚本
+```
+
+## 连接命令速查
+
+```
+PING                               # 检查是否 alive
+ECHO message                       # 回显
+AUTH password                      # 认证
+SELECT index                       # 选择数据库
+QUIT                               # 关闭连接
+```
+
+## 服务器命令速查
+
+```
+INFO [section]                     # 服务器信息
+CONFIG GET parameter               # 获取配置
+CONFIG SET parameter value         # 修改配置 (运行时)
+CONFIG REWRITE                     # 写入配置文件
+DBSIZE                             # 当前数据库 key 数量
+FLUSHDB                            # 清空当前库
+FLUSHALL                           # 清空所有库
+CLIENT LIST                        # 客户端列表
+CLIENT KILL ip:port                # 杀死客户端连接
+SLOWLOG GET n                      # 获取慢查询日志
+MONITOR                            # 实时监控 (生产慎用)
+SAVE                               # 同步保存 RDB
+BGSAVE                             # 后台保存 RDB
+BGREWRITEAOF                       # 重写 AOF
+LASTSAVE                           # 最后保存时间
+SHUTDOWN                           # 关闭服务器
+SLAVEOF host port                  # 设置主从
+ROLE                               # 查看角色
+TIME                               # 服务器时间
+DEBUG OBJECT key                   # key 调试信息
+MEMORY USAGE key                   # 精确内存
+MEMORY PURGE                       # 整理碎片
+COMMAND                            # 命令统计
+```