@gnsx/three 0.186.5 → 0.186.7

package/build/three.webgpu.js

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  * Copyright 2010-2026 Three.js Authors
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
  */
-import { DynamicDrawUsage, RenderObjectRefreshType, Color, Vector2, Vector3, Vector4, Matrix2, Matrix3, Matrix4, error, UnsignedIntType, IntType, RedFormat, RedIntegerFormat, DepthFormat, DepthStencilFormat, AlphaFormat, RGFormat, RGIntegerFormat, RGBFormat, RGBIntegerFormat, EventDispatcher, MathUtils, warn, WebGLCoordinateSystem, WebGPUCoordinateSystem, ColorManagement, SRGBTransfer, NoToneMapping, StaticDrawUsage, InterleavedBufferAttribute, InterleavedBuffer, NoColorSpace, log as log$1, warnOnce, Texture, Compatibility, LessCompare, LessEqualCompare, GreaterCompare, GreaterEqualCompare, NearestFilter, Sphere, BackSide, DoubleSide, CubeTexture, CubeReflectionMapping, CubeRefractionMapping, TangentSpaceNormalMap, NoNormalPacking, NormalRGPacking, NormalGAPacking, ObjectSpaceNormalMap, RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format, RG11_EAC_Format, InstancedBufferAttribute, InstancedInterleavedBuffer, DataTexture, RGBAFormat, FloatType, DataArrayTexture, FramebufferTexture, LinearMipmapLinearFilter, DepthTexture, Material, LineBasicMaterial, LineDashedMaterial, NoBlending, MeshNormalMaterial, SRGBColorSpace, RenderTarget, BoxGeometry, Mesh, Scene, LinearFilter, CubeCamera, EquirectangularReflectionMapping, EquirectangularRefractionMapping, AddOperation, MixOperation, MultiplyOperation, MeshBasicMaterial, MeshLambertMaterial, MeshPhongMaterial, HalfFloatType, ClampToEdgeWrapping, BufferGeometry, OrthographicCamera, PerspectiveCamera, LinearSRGBColorSpace, CubeUVReflectionMapping, BufferAttribute, MeshStandardMaterial, MeshPhysicalMaterial, MeshToonMaterial, MeshMatcapMaterial, SpriteMaterial, PointsMaterial, ShadowMaterial, Uint32BufferAttribute, Uint16BufferAttribute, ByteType, UnsignedByteType, ShortType, UnsignedShortType, UnsignedShort4444Type, UnsignedShort5551Type, UnsignedInt248Type, UnsignedInt5999Type, UnsignedInt101111Type, NormalBlending, SrcAlphaFactor, OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor, AddEquation, MaterialBlending, Object3D, LinearMipMapLinearFilter, Plane, Float32BufferAttribute, UVMapping, Data3DTexture, VSMShadowMap, PCFShadowMap, ProfilerService, BasicShadowMap, CubeDepthTexture, SphereGeometry, LinearMipmapNearestFilter, NearestMipmapLinearFilter, Float16BufferAttribute, yieldToMain, REVISION, ArrayCamera, PlaneGeometry, FrontSide, CustomBlending, ZeroFactor, CylinderGeometry, Quaternion, WebXRController, RAD2DEG, PCFSoftShadowMap, FrustumArray, Frustum, RGBAIntegerFormat, TimestampQuery, createCanvasElement, MaxEquation, MinEquation, ReverseSubtractEquation, SubtractEquation, OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor, ConstantAlphaFactor, OneMinusConstantColorFactor, ConstantColorFactor, OneMinusDstAlphaFactor, OneMinusDstColorFactor, OneMinusSrcColorFactor, DstAlphaFactor, DstColorFactor, SrcAlphaSaturateFactor, SrcColorFactor, OneFactor, CullFaceNone, CullFaceBack, CullFaceFront, MultiplyBlending, SubtractiveBlending, AdditiveBlending, NotEqualDepth, GreaterDepth, GreaterEqualDepth, EqualDepth, LessEqualDepth, LessDepth, AlwaysDepth, NeverDepth, ReversedDepthFuncs, RGB_S3TC_DXT1_Format, RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_Format, RGBA_S3TC_DXT3_Format, RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_Format, RGB_PVRTC_4BPPV1_Format, RGB_PVRTC_2BPPV1_Format, RGBA_PVRTC_4BPPV1_Format, RGBA_PVRTC_2BPPV1_Format, RGB_ETC1_Format, RGB_ETC2_Format, RGBA_ETC2_EAC_Format, R11_EAC_Format, SIGNED_R11_EAC_Format, SIGNED_RG11_EAC_Format, RGBA_ASTC_4x4_Format, RGBA_ASTC_5x4_Format, RGBA_ASTC_5x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_6x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_6x6_Format, RGBA_ASTC_8x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_8x6_Format, RGBA_ASTC_8x8_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x6_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x8_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x10_Format, RGBA_ASTC_12x10_Format, RGBA_ASTC_12x12_Format, RGBA_BPTC_Format, RGB_BPTC_SIGNED_Format, RGB_BPTC_UNSIGNED_Format, RED_RGTC1_Format, SIGNED_RED_RGTC1_Format, SIGNED_RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format, MirroredRepeatWrapping, RepeatWrapping, NearestMipmapNearestFilter, NotEqualCompare, EqualCompare, AlwaysCompare, NeverCompare, LinearTransfer, getByteLength, isTypedArray, NotEqualStencilFunc, GreaterStencilFunc, GreaterEqualStencilFunc, EqualStencilFunc, LessEqualStencilFunc, LessStencilFunc, AlwaysStencilFunc, NeverStencilFunc, DecrementWrapStencilOp, IncrementWrapStencilOp, DecrementStencilOp, IncrementStencilOp, InvertStencilOp, ReplaceStencilOp, ZeroStencilOp, KeepStencilOp, SpotLight, PointLight, DirectionalLight, RectAreaLight, AmbientLight, HemisphereLight, LightProbe, LinearToneMapping, ReinhardToneMapping, CineonToneMapping, ACESFilmicToneMapping, AgXToneMapping, NeutralToneMapping, Group, Loader, FileLoader, MaterialLoader, ObjectLoader } from './three.core.js';
+import { DynamicDrawUsage, RenderObjectRefreshType, Color, Vector2, Vector3, Vector4, Matrix2, Matrix3, Matrix4, error, UnsignedIntType, IntType, RedFormat, RedIntegerFormat, DepthFormat, DepthStencilFormat, AlphaFormat, RGFormat, RGIntegerFormat, RGBFormat, RGBIntegerFormat, EventDispatcher, MathUtils, warn, WebGLCoordinateSystem, WebGPUCoordinateSystem, ColorManagement, SRGBTransfer, NoToneMapping, StaticDrawUsage, InterleavedBufferAttribute, InterleavedBuffer, NoColorSpace, log as log$1, warnOnce, Texture, Compatibility, LessCompare, LessEqualCompare, GreaterCompare, GreaterEqualCompare, NearestFilter, Sphere, BackSide, DoubleSide, CubeTexture, CubeReflectionMapping, CubeRefractionMapping, TangentSpaceNormalMap, NoNormalPacking, NormalRGPacking, NormalGAPacking, ObjectSpaceNormalMap, RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format, RG11_EAC_Format, InstancedBufferAttribute, InstancedInterleavedBuffer, DataTexture, RGBAFormat, FloatType, DataArrayTexture, FramebufferTexture, LinearMipmapLinearFilter, DepthTexture, NormalBlending, SrcAlphaFactor, OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor, AddEquation, MaterialBlending, NoBlending, Material, LineBasicMaterial, LineDashedMaterial, MeshNormalMaterial, SRGBColorSpace, RenderTarget, BoxGeometry, Mesh, Scene, LinearFilter, CubeCamera, EquirectangularReflectionMapping, EquirectangularRefractionMapping, AddOperation, MixOperation, MultiplyOperation, MeshBasicMaterial, MeshLambertMaterial, MeshPhongMaterial, HalfFloatType, ClampToEdgeWrapping, BufferGeometry, OrthographicCamera, PerspectiveCamera, LinearSRGBColorSpace, CubeUVReflectionMapping, BufferAttribute, MeshStandardMaterial, MeshPhysicalMaterial, MeshToonMaterial, MeshMatcapMaterial, SpriteMaterial, PointsMaterial, ShadowMaterial, Uint32BufferAttribute, Uint16BufferAttribute, ByteType, UnsignedByteType, ShortType, UnsignedShortType, UnsignedShort4444Type, UnsignedShort5551Type, UnsignedInt248Type, UnsignedInt5999Type, UnsignedInt101111Type, Object3D, LinearMipMapLinearFilter, Plane, Float32BufferAttribute, UVMapping, Data3DTexture, VSMShadowMap, PCFShadowMap, ProfilerService, BasicShadowMap, CubeDepthTexture, SphereGeometry, LinearMipmapNearestFilter, NearestMipmapLinearFilter, Float16BufferAttribute, yieldToMain, REVISION, ArrayCamera, PlaneGeometry, FrontSide, CustomBlending, ZeroFactor, CylinderGeometry, Quaternion, WebXRController, RAD2DEG, PCFSoftShadowMap, FrustumArray, Frustum, EqualDepth, RGBAIntegerFormat, TimestampQuery, createCanvasElement, MaxEquation, MinEquation, ReverseSubtractEquation, SubtractEquation, OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor, ConstantAlphaFactor, OneMinusConstantColorFactor, ConstantColorFactor, OneMinusDstAlphaFactor, OneMinusDstColorFactor, OneMinusSrcColorFactor, DstAlphaFactor, DstColorFactor, SrcAlphaSaturateFactor, SrcColorFactor, OneFactor, CullFaceNone, CullFaceBack, CullFaceFront, MultiplyBlending, SubtractiveBlending, AdditiveBlending, NotEqualDepth, GreaterDepth, GreaterEqualDepth, LessEqualDepth, LessDepth, AlwaysDepth, NeverDepth, ReversedDepthFuncs, RGB_S3TC_DXT1_Format, RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_Format, RGBA_S3TC_DXT3_Format, RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_Format, RGB_PVRTC_4BPPV1_Format, RGB_PVRTC_2BPPV1_Format, RGBA_PVRTC_4BPPV1_Format, RGBA_PVRTC_2BPPV1_Format, RGB_ETC1_Format, RGB_ETC2_Format, RGBA_ETC2_EAC_Format, R11_EAC_Format, SIGNED_R11_EAC_Format, SIGNED_RG11_EAC_Format, RGBA_ASTC_4x4_Format, RGBA_ASTC_5x4_Format, RGBA_ASTC_5x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_6x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_6x6_Format, RGBA_ASTC_8x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_8x6_Format, RGBA_ASTC_8x8_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x5_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x6_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x8_Format, RGBA_ASTC_10x10_Format, RGBA_ASTC_12x10_Format, RGBA_ASTC_12x12_Format, RGBA_BPTC_Format, RGB_BPTC_SIGNED_Format, RGB_BPTC_UNSIGNED_Format, RED_RGTC1_Format, SIGNED_RED_RGTC1_Format, SIGNED_RED_GREEN_RGTC2_Format, MirroredRepeatWrapping, RepeatWrapping, NearestMipmapNearestFilter, NotEqualCompare, EqualCompare, AlwaysCompare, NeverCompare, LinearTransfer, getByteLength, isTypedArray, NotEqualStencilFunc, GreaterStencilFunc, GreaterEqualStencilFunc, EqualStencilFunc, LessEqualStencilFunc, LessStencilFunc, AlwaysStencilFunc, NeverStencilFunc, DecrementWrapStencilOp, IncrementWrapStencilOp, DecrementStencilOp, IncrementStencilOp, InvertStencilOp, ReplaceStencilOp, ZeroStencilOp, KeepStencilOp, SpotLight, PointLight, DirectionalLight, RectAreaLight, AmbientLight, HemisphereLight, LightProbe, LinearToneMapping, ReinhardToneMapping, CineonToneMapping, ACESFilmicToneMapping, AgXToneMapping, NeutralToneMapping, Group, Loader, FileLoader, MaterialLoader, ObjectLoader } from './three.core.js';
 export { AdditiveAnimationBlendMode, AnimationAction, AnimationClip, AnimationLoader, AnimationMixer, AnimationObjectGroup, AnimationUtils, ArcCurve, ArrowHelper, AttachedBindMode, Audio, AudioAnalyser, AudioContext, AudioListener, AudioLoader, AxesHelper, BasicDepthPacking, BatchedMesh, BezierInterpolant, Bone, BooleanKeyframeTrack, Box2, Box3, Box3Helper, BoxHelper, BufferGeometryLoader, Cache, Camera, CameraHelper, CanvasTexture, CapsuleGeometry, CatmullRomCurve3, CircleGeometry, Clock, ColorKeyframeTrack, CompressedArrayTexture, CompressedCubeTexture, CompressedTexture, CompressedTextureLoader, ConeGeometry, Controls, CubeTextureLoader, CubicBezierCurve, CubicBezierCurve3, CubicInterpolant, CullFaceFrontBack, Curve, CurvePath, CustomToneMapping, Cylindrical, DataTextureLoader, DataUtils, DefaultLoadingManager, DetachedBindMode, DirectionalLightHelper, DiscreteInterpolant, DodecahedronGeometry, DynamicCopyUsage, DynamicReadUsage, EdgesGeometry, EllipseCurve, Euler, ExternalTexture, ExtrudeGeometry, Fog, FogExp2, GLBufferAttribute, GLSL1, GLSL3, GridHelper, HTMLTexture, HemisphereLightHelper, IcosahedronGeometry, ImageBitmapLoader, ImageLoader, ImageUtils, InstancedBufferGeometry, InstancedMesh, Int16BufferAttribute, Int32BufferAttribute, Int8BufferAttribute, Interpolant, InterpolateBezier, InterpolateDiscrete, InterpolateLinear, InterpolateSmooth, InterpolationSamplingMode, InterpolationSamplingType, KeyframeTrack, LOD, LatheGeometry, Layers, Light, LightShadow, Line, Line3, LineCurve, LineCurve3, LineLoop, LineSegments, LinearInterpolant, LinearMipMapNearestFilter, LoaderUtils, LoadingManager, LoopOnce, LoopPingPong, LoopRepeat, MOUSE, MeshDepthMaterial, MeshDistanceMaterial, NearestMipMapLinearFilter, NearestMipMapNearestFilter, NodePath, NormalAnimationBlendMode, NumberKeyframeTrack, OctahedronGeometry, Path, PlaneHelper, PointLightHelper, Points, PolarGridHelper, PolyhedronGeometry, PositionalAudio, PropertyBinding, PropertyMixer, QuadraticBezierCurve, QuadraticBezierCurve3, QuaternionKeyframeTrack, QuaternionLinearInterpolant, RGBADepthPacking, RGBDepthPacking, RGDepthPacking, RawShaderMaterial, Ray, Raycaster, RenderTarget3D, RingGeometry, ShaderMaterial, Shape, ShapeGeometry, ShapePath, ShapeUtils, Skeleton, SkeletonHelper, SkinnedMesh, Source, Spherical, SphericalHarmonics3, SplineCurve, SpotLightHelper, Sprite, StaticCopyUsage, StaticReadUsage, StereoCamera, StreamCopyUsage, StreamDrawUsage, StreamReadUsage, StringKeyframeTrack, TOUCH, TetrahedronGeometry, TextureLoader, TextureSource, TextureUtils, Timer, TorusGeometry, TorusKnotGeometry, Triangle, TriangleFanDrawMode, TriangleStripDrawMode, TrianglesDrawMode, TubeGeometry, Uint8BufferAttribute, Uint8ClampedBufferAttribute, Uniform, UniformsGroup, VectorKeyframeTrack, VideoFrameTexture, VideoTexture, WebGL3DRenderTarget, WebGLArrayRenderTarget, WebGLRenderTarget, WireframeGeometry, WrapAroundEnding, XorShift32, ZeroCurvatureEnding, ZeroSlopeEnding, allocateNodeId, collectSiblingNodeIds, configureNodeIdSeed, ensureUniqueNodeIdAmongParentChildren, generateNodeId, getConsoleFunction, hashStringToUint32, isValidNodeId, nodeIdFromKey, nodeIdFromString, nodeIdToString, profile, profileClass, randomSeedUint32, setConsoleFunction, xorshift32 } from './three.core.js';
 
 const refreshUniforms = [
@@ -21614,6 +21614,147 @@ class VertexColorNode extends AttributeNode {
  */
 const vertexColor = ( index = 0 ) => new VertexColorNode( index );
 
+// WITH_GENESYS
+// Buffer visualization. Shows one material channel in place of the shaded color.
+// !WITH_GENESYS
+
+
+/**
+ * Buffer visualization. The visible surface wins, and one material channel replaces the shaded color.
+ *
+ * @type {string}
+ */
+const DEBUG_VIEW_BUFFER = 'bufferVisualization';
+
+/**
+ * Albedo before lighting, including maps and vertex colors.
+ *
+ * @type {string}
+ */
+const BUFFER_BASE_COLOR = 'baseColor';
+
+/**
+ * Shading normal in world space, packed to RGB with `n * 0.5 + 0.5`.
+ *
+ * @type {string}
+ */
+const BUFFER_WORLD_NORMAL = 'worldNormal';
+
+/**
+ * Scalar roughness used by the lighting model. Black is smooth.
+ *
+ * @type {string}
+ */
+const BUFFER_ROUGHNESS = 'roughness';
+
+/**
+ * Scalar metalness. White is metal. Unreal calls this buffer Metallic.
+ *
+ * @type {string}
+ */
+const BUFFER_METALLIC = 'metallic';
+
+/**
+ * Material ambient occlusion. White means no occlusion map.
+ *
+ * @type {string}
+ */
+const BUFFER_AMBIENT_OCCLUSION = 'ambientOcclusion';
+
+/**
+ * Emissive color before it is added to the lit result.
+ *
+ * @type {string}
+ */
+const BUFFER_EMISSIVE = 'emissive';
+
+/**
+ * Channel drawn when buffer visualization is first enabled.
+ *
+ * @type {string}
+ */
+const DEFAULT_BUFFER = BUFFER_BASE_COLOR;
+
+/**
+ * Writes a defined value for channels a material may never assign.
+ * Standard and physical materials overwrite roughness and metalness in `setupVariants`,
+ * and emissive is overwritten when the material has one.
+ *
+ * @param {string} buffer - `renderer.debug.buffer`.
+ */
+function assignBufferDefaults( buffer ) {
+
+	if ( buffer === BUFFER_ROUGHNESS ) {
+
+		roughness.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	} else if ( buffer === BUFFER_METALLIC ) {
+
+		metalness.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	} else if ( buffer === BUFFER_EMISSIVE ) {
+
+		emissive.assign( vec3( 0 ) );
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * The color for one buffer channel. Scalar channels are copied into RGB.
+ *
+ * @param {string} buffer - `renderer.debug.buffer`.
+ * @return {Node<vec3>} The channel color.
+ */
+function bufferVisualizationColor( buffer ) {
+
+	if ( buffer === BUFFER_WORLD_NORMAL ) {
+
+		return normalWorld.mul( 0.5 ).add( 0.5 );
+
+	}
+
+	if ( buffer === BUFFER_ROUGHNESS ) {
+
+		return vec3( roughness );
+
+	}
+
+	if ( buffer === BUFFER_METALLIC ) {
+
+		return vec3( metalness );
+
+	}
+
+	if ( buffer === BUFFER_AMBIENT_OCCLUSION ) {
+
+		return vec3( ambientOcclusion );
+
+	}
+
+	if ( buffer === BUFFER_EMISSIVE ) {
+
+		return emissive;
+
+	}
+
+	return diffuseColor.rgb;
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * Replaces the shaded color with the selected buffer. Alpha stays the material's coverage
+ * so masked and transparent surfaces keep their shape.
+ *
+ * @param {string} buffer - `renderer.debug.buffer`.
+ * @return {Node<vec4>} The buffer color.
+ */
+function bufferVisualizationOutput( buffer ) {
+
+	return vec4( bufferVisualizationColor( buffer ), diffuseColor.a );
+
+}
+
 // WITH_GENESYS
 // Shader and lighting complexity debug views. Costs are a material proxy, not ISA instruction counts.
 // !WITH_GENESYS
@@ -21627,7 +21768,8 @@ const vertexColor = ( index = 0 ) => new VertexColorNode( index );
 const DEBUG_VIEW_NONE = 'none';
 
 /**
- * Material-cost heatmap. Overlapping draws accumulate, then a fullscreen pass applies the ramp.
+ * Material-cost heatmap. The nearest opaque surface wins, translucent draws add on top,
+ * then a fullscreen pass applies the ramp.
  *
  * @type {string}
  */
@@ -21646,16 +21788,16 @@ const DEBUG_VIEW_LIGHTING_COMPLEXITY = 'lightingComplexity';
  *
  * @type {string}
  */
-const DEBUG_VIEW_QUAD_OVERDRAW = 'quadOverdraw';
+const DEBUG_VIEW_OVERDRAW = 'overdraw';
 
 /**
  * Shader cost multiplied by the number of fragments that shaded the pixel, then the shader-complexity ramp.
- * One opaque surface matches {@link DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY}. Each extra overlapping fragment scales the summed cost.
+ * One opaque surface matches {@link DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY}. Each extra translucent fragment scales the summed cost.
  * WebGPU cannot count wasted lanes in a 2×2 quad, so the count is fragments that pass the depth test.
  *
  * @type {string}
  */
-const DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_AND_QUADS = 'shaderComplexityAndQuads';
+const DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_AND_OVERDRAW = 'shaderComplexityAndOverdraw';
 
 /**
  * Proxy budget that fills the shader-complexity ramp.
@@ -21675,7 +21817,7 @@ const DEFAULT_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_BUDGET = 800;
 const DEFAULT_QUAD_OVERDRAW_BUDGET = 10;
 
 /**
- * Storage scale for the overdraw count in {@link DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_AND_QUADS}.
+ * Storage scale for the overdraw count in {@link DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_AND_OVERDRAW}.
  * Each fragment adds `1 / scale`, so an 8-bit target can hold this many layers.
  * The output pass multiplies that channel back to a count. Half-float targets hold the same count exactly.
  *
@@ -21833,7 +21975,54 @@ const colorizeQuadOverdraw = ( cost ) => {
  */
 function debugViewAccumulates( view ) {
 
-	return view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY || view === DEBUG_VIEW_QUAD_OVERDRAW || view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_AND_QUADS;
+	return view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY || view === DEBUG_VIEW_OVERDRAW || view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_AND_OVERDRAW;
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * Whether a draw adds its scalar to the accumulating target instead of shading normally.
+ * Shadow passes, draws to the screen, and fullscreen quads draw normally. A post-processing
+ * quad copies the accumulated scene target, so its own cost must not replace it.
+ *
+ * @param {Renderer} renderer - The renderer.
+ * @param {Material} material - The material being drawn.
+ * @param {?Object3D} object - The object being drawn.
+ * @return {boolean} `true` when the draw accumulates.
+ */
+function debugDrawAccumulates( renderer, material, object ) {
+
+	return debugViewAccumulates( renderer.debug.view ) &&
+		material.isShadowPassMaterial !== true &&
+		renderer.isOutputTarget !== true &&
+		( object === null || object === undefined || object.isQuadMesh !== true );
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * Whether an accumulating draw replaces the stored cost instead of adding to it.
+ * Three.js has no depth pre-pass, so adding every opaque fragment counts hidden surfaces
+ * and changes as the camera reorders draws. Replacing, with the material's own depth test
+ * and depth write, leaves the nearest opaque surface. Translucent draws and quad overdraw still add.
+ *
+ * @param {string} view - `renderer.debug.view`.
+ * @param {Material} material - The material being drawn.
+ * @return {boolean} `true` when the draw replaces the stored cost.
+ */
+function debugDrawReplacesCost( view, material ) {
+
+	return ( view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY || view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_AND_OVERDRAW ) && material.transparent !== true;
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * Views that output data or a heatmap, so tone mapping would distort them.
+ *
+ * @param {string} view - `renderer.debug.view`.
+ * @return {boolean} `true` when the view is drawn without tone mapping.
+ */
+function debugViewSkipsToneMapping( view ) {
+
+	return debugViewAccumulates( view ) || view === DEBUG_VIEW_LIGHTING_COMPLEXITY || view === DEBUG_VIEW_BUFFER;
 
 }
 
@@ -21956,7 +22145,7 @@ function shaderComplexityOutput( resultNode ) {
  * @param {Node} resultNode - The material's shaded output.
  * @return {Node<vec4>} Cost ratio in red, one scaled fragment in green.
  */
-function shaderComplexityAndQuadsOutput( resultNode ) {
+function shaderComplexityAndOverdrawOutput( resultNode ) {
 
 	const shaded = vec4( resultNode ).toVar();
 	const ratio = new ShaderComplexityRatioNode();
@@ -22012,146 +22201,565 @@ function quadOverdrawOutput( resultNode ) {
 
 }
 
-// WITH_GENESYS
-// Buffer visualization. Shows one material channel in place of the shaded color.
-// !WITH_GENESYS
-
-
 /**
- * Buffer visualization. The visible surface wins, and one material channel replaces the shaded color.
+ * This node can be used to define multiple outputs in a shader programs.
  *
- * @type {string}
+ * @augments Node
  */
-const DEBUG_VIEW_BUFFER = 'bufferVisualization';
+class OutputStructNode extends Node {
 
-/**
- * Albedo before lighting, including maps and vertex colors.
- *
- * @type {string}
- */
-const BUFFER_BASE_COLOR = 'baseColor';
+	static get type() {
 
-/**
- * Shading normal in world space, packed to RGB with `n * 0.5 + 0.5`.
- *
- * @type {string}
- */
-const BUFFER_WORLD_NORMAL = 'worldNormal';
+		return 'OutputStructNode';
 
-/**
- * Scalar roughness used by the lighting model. Black is smooth.
- *
- * @type {string}
- */
-const BUFFER_ROUGHNESS = 'roughness';
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Constructs a new output struct node. The constructor can be invoked with an
+	 * arbitrary number of nodes representing the members.
+	 *
+	 * @param {...Node} members - A parameter list of nodes.
+	 */
+	constructor( ...members ) {
+
+		super();
+
+		/**
+		 * An array of nodes which defines the output.
+		 *
+		 * @type {Array<Node>}
+		 */
+		this.members = members;
+
+		/**
+		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @readonly
+		 * @default true
+		 */
+		this.isOutputStructNode = true;
+
+	}
+
+	generateNodeType( /*builder*/ ) {
+
+		return 'OutputType';
+
+	}
+
+	generate( builder ) {
+
+		const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );
+
+		if ( nodeData.membersLayout === undefined ) {
+
+			const members = this.members;
+			const membersLayout = [];
+
+			for ( let i = 0; i < members.length; i ++ ) {
+
+				const name = 'm' + i;
+				const type = members[ i ].getNodeType( builder );
+
+				membersLayout.push( { name, type, index: i } );
+
+			}
+
+			nodeData.membersLayout = membersLayout;
+			nodeData.structType = builder.getOutputStructTypeFromNode( this, nodeData.membersLayout );
+
+		}
+
+		//
+
+		const propertyName = builder.getOutputStructName();
+		const members = this.members;
+
+		const structPrefix = propertyName !== '' ? propertyName + '.' : '';
+
+		for ( let i = 0; i < members.length; i ++ ) {
+
+			const snippet = members[ i ].build( builder, nodeData.membersLayout[ i ].type );
+
+			builder.addLineFlowCode( `${ structPrefix }m${ i } = ${ snippet }`, this );
+
+		}
+
+		return propertyName;
+
+	}
+
+}
 
 /**
- * Scalar metalness. White is metal. Unreal calls this buffer Metallic.
+ * TSL function for creating an output struct node.
  *
- * @type {string}
+ * @tsl
+ * @function
+ * @param {...Node} members - A parameter list of nodes.
+ * @returns {OutputStructNode}
  */
-const BUFFER_METALLIC = 'metallic';
+const outputStruct = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( OutputStructNode );
 
 /**
- * Material ambient occlusion. White means no occlusion map.
+ * Represents blending configuration.
  *
- * @type {string}
+ * This class encapsulates all blending-related properties that control how
+ * a material's colors are combined with the colors already in the frame buffer.
  */
-const BUFFER_AMBIENT_OCCLUSION = 'ambientOcclusion';
+class BlendMode {
+
+	/**
+	 * Constructs a new blending configuration.
+	 *
+	 * @param {(NoBlending|NormalBlending|AdditiveBlending|SubtractiveBlending|MultiplyBlending|CustomBlending|MaterialBlending)} [blending=NormalBlending] - The blending mode.
+	 */
+	constructor( blending = NormalBlending ) {
+
+		/**
+		 * Defines the blending type.
+		 *
+		 * It must be set to `CustomBlending` if custom blending properties like
+		 * {@link BlendMode#blendSrc}, {@link BlendMode#blendDst} or {@link BlendMode#blendEquation}
+		 * should have any effect.
+		 *
+		 * @type {(NoBlending|NormalBlending|AdditiveBlending|SubtractiveBlending|MultiplyBlending|CustomBlending|MaterialBlending)}
+		 * @default NormalBlending
+		 */
+		this.blending = blending;
+
+		/**
+		 * Defines the blending source factor.
+		 *
+		 * This determines how the source (incoming) fragment color is factored before being added
+		 * to the destination (existing) fragment color in the frame buffer.
+		 *
+		 * @type {(ZeroFactor|OneFactor|SrcColorFactor|OneMinusSrcColorFactor|SrcAlphaFactor|OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor|DstAlphaFactor|OneMinusDstAlphaFactor|DstColorFactor|OneMinusDstColorFactor|SrcAlphaSaturateFactor|ConstantColorFactor|OneMinusConstantColorFactor|ConstantAlphaFactor|OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor)}
+		 * @default SrcAlphaFactor
+		 */
+		this.blendSrc = SrcAlphaFactor;
+
+		/**
+		 * Defines the blending destination factor.
+		 *
+		 * This determines how the destination (existing) fragment color in the frame buffer
+		 * is factored before being combined with the source (incoming) fragment color.
+		 *
+		 * @type {(ZeroFactor|OneFactor|SrcColorFactor|OneMinusSrcColorFactor|SrcAlphaFactor|OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor|DstAlphaFactor|OneMinusDstAlphaFactor|DstColorFactor|OneMinusDstColorFactor|SrcAlphaSaturateFactor|ConstantColorFactor|OneMinusConstantColorFactor|ConstantAlphaFactor|OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor)}
+		 * @default OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor
+		 */
+		this.blendDst = OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor;
+
+		/**
+		 * Defines the blending equation.
+		 *
+		 * This determines how the source and destination colors are combined.
+		 *
+		 * @type {(AddEquation|SubtractEquation|ReverseSubtractEquation|MinEquation|MaxEquation)}
+		 * @default AddEquation
+		 */
+		this.blendEquation = AddEquation;
+
+		/**
+		 * Defines the blending source alpha factor.
+		 *
+		 * When set, this allows separate control of the alpha channel's source blending factor.
+		 * If `null`, {@link BlendMode#blendSrc} is used for the alpha channel as well.
+		 *
+		 * @type {?(ZeroFactor|OneFactor|SrcColorFactor|OneMinusSrcColorFactor|SrcAlphaFactor|OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor|DstAlphaFactor|OneMinusDstAlphaFactor|DstColorFactor|OneMinusDstColorFactor|SrcAlphaSaturateFactor|ConstantColorFactor|OneMinusConstantColorFactor|ConstantAlphaFactor|OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor)}
+		 * @default null
+		 */
+		this.blendSrcAlpha = null;
+
+		/**
+		 * Defines the blending destination alpha factor.
+		 *
+		 * When set, this allows separate control of the alpha channel's destination blending factor.
+		 * If `null`, {@link BlendMode#blendDst} is used for the alpha channel as well.
+		 *
+		 * @type {?(ZeroFactor|OneFactor|SrcColorFactor|OneMinusSrcColorFactor|SrcAlphaFactor|OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor|DstAlphaFactor|OneMinusDstAlphaFactor|DstColorFactor|OneMinusDstColorFactor|SrcAlphaSaturateFactor|ConstantColorFactor|OneMinusConstantColorFactor|ConstantAlphaFactor|OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor)}
+		 * @default null
+		 */
+		this.blendDstAlpha = null;
+
+		/**
+		 * Defines the blending equation of the alpha channel.
+		 *
+		 * When set, this allows separate control of the alpha channel's blending equation.
+		 * If `null`, {@link BlendMode#blendEquation} is used for the alpha channel as well.
+		 *
+		 * @type {?(AddEquation|SubtractEquation|ReverseSubtractEquation|MinEquation|MaxEquation)}
+		 * @default null
+		 */
+		this.blendEquationAlpha = null;
+
+		/**
+		 * Defines whether to premultiply the alpha (transparency) value.
+		 *
+		 * If `true`, the RGB color of the texture or material is multiplied by its alpha value.
+		 * This is useful for transparent textures/materials where the color data
+		 * should already include the transparency information.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @default false
+		 */
+		this.premultiplyAlpha = false;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Copies the blending properties from the given source to this instance.
+	 *
+	 * @param {BlendMode} source - The blending configuration to copy from.
+	 * @return {BlendMode} A reference to this instance.
+	 */
+	copy( source ) {
+
+		this.blending = source.blending;
+		this.blendSrc = source.blendSrc;
+		this.blendDst = source.blendDst;
+		this.blendEquation = source.blendEquation;
+		this.blendSrcAlpha = source.blendSrcAlpha;
+		this.blendDstAlpha = source.blendDstAlpha;
+		this.blendEquationAlpha = source.blendEquationAlpha;
+		this.premultiplyAlpha = source.premultiplyAlpha;
+
+		return this;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns a clone of this blending configuration.
+	 *
+	 * @return {BlendMode} A new Blending instance with the same properties.
+	 */
+	clone() {
+
+		return new this.constructor().copy( this );
+
+	}
+
+}
 
 /**
- * Emissive color before it is added to the lit result.
+ * A four-component version of {@link Color} which is internally
+ * used by the renderer to represents clear color with alpha as
+ * one object.
  *
- * @type {string}
+ * @private
+ * @augments Color
  */
-const BUFFER_EMISSIVE = 'emissive';
+class Color4 extends Color {
+
+	/**
+	 * Constructs a new four-component color.
+	 * You can also pass a single THREE.Color, hex or
+	 * string argument to this constructor.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number|string} [r=1] - The red value.
+	 * @param {number} [g=1] - The green value.
+	 * @param {number} [b=1] - The blue value.
+	 * @param {number} [a=1] - The alpha value.
+	 */
+	constructor( r, g, b, a = 1 ) {
+
+		super( r, g, b );
+
+		this.a = a;
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Overwrites the default to honor alpha.
+	 * You can also pass a single THREE.Color, hex or
+	 * string argument to this method.
+	 *
+	 * @param {number|string|Color} r - The red value.
+	 * @param {number} [g] - The green value.
+	 * @param {number} [b] - The blue value.
+	 * @param {number} [a=1] - The alpha value.
+	 * @return {Color4} A reference to this object.
+	 */
+	set( r, g, b, a = 1 ) {
+
+		this.a = a;
+
+		return super.set( r, g, b );
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Overwrites the default to honor alpha.
+	 *
+	 * @param {Color4} color - The color to copy.
+	 * @return {Color4} A reference to this object.
+	 */
+	copy( color ) {
+
+		if ( color.a !== undefined ) this.a = color.a;
+
+		return super.copy( color );
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Overwrites the default to honor alpha.
+	 *
+	 * @return {Color4} The cloned color.
+	 */
+	clone() {
+
+		return new this.constructor( this.r, this.g, this.b, this.a );
+
+	}
+
+	*[ Symbol.iterator ]() {
+
+		yield this.r;
+		yield this.g;
+		yield this.b;
+		yield this.a;
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+// Predefined blend modes for MRT nodes.
+const _noBlending = /**@__PURE__*/ new BlendMode( NoBlending );
+const _materialBlending = /**@__PURE__*/ new BlendMode( MaterialBlending );
 
 /**
- * Channel drawn when buffer visualization is first enabled.
+ * Returns the MRT texture index for the given name.
  *
- * @type {string}
+ * @param {Array<Texture>} textures - The textures of a MRT-configured render target.
+ * @param {string} name - The name of the MRT texture which index is requested.
+ * @return {number} The texture index.
  */
-const DEFAULT_BUFFER = BUFFER_BASE_COLOR;
+function getTextureIndex( textures, name ) {
+
+	for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {
+
+		if ( textures[ i ].name === name ) {
+
+			return i;
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+
+}
 
 /**
- * Writes a defined value for channels a material may never assign.
- * Standard and physical materials overwrite roughness and metalness in `setupVariants`,
- * and emissive is overwritten when the material has one.
+ * This node can be used setup a MRT context for rendering. A typical MRT setup for
+ * post-processing is shown below:
+ * ```js
+ * const mrtNode = mrt( {
+ *   output: output,
+ *   normal: normalView
+ * } ) ;
+ * ```
+ * The MRT output is defined as a dictionary.
  *
- * @param {string} buffer - `renderer.debug.buffer`.
+ * @augments OutputStructNode
  */
-function assignBufferDefaults( buffer ) {
+class MRTNode extends OutputStructNode {
 
-	if ( buffer === BUFFER_ROUGHNESS ) {
+	static get type() {
 
-		roughness.assign( float( 0 ) );
+		return 'MRTNode';
 
-	} else if ( buffer === BUFFER_METALLIC ) {
+	}
 
-		metalness.assign( float( 0 ) );
+	/**
+	 * Constructs a new output struct node.
+	 *
+	 * @param {Object<string, Node>} outputNodes - The MRT outputs.
+	 */
+	constructor( outputNodes ) {
 
-	} else if ( buffer === BUFFER_EMISSIVE ) {
+		super();
 
-		emissive.assign( vec3( 0 ) );
+		/**
+		 * A dictionary representing the MRT outputs. The key
+		 * is the name of the output, the value the node which produces
+		 * the output result.
+		 *
+		 * @type {Object<string, Node>}
+		 */
+		this.outputNodes = outputNodes;
+
+		/**
+		 * A dictionary storing the blend modes for each output.
+		 *
+		 * @type {Object<string, BlendMode>}
+		 */
+		this.blendModes = {
+			output: _materialBlending
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * A dictionary storing the clear colors for each output.
+		 *
+		 * @type {Object<string, Color4>}
+		 */
+		this.clearColors = {};
+
+		/**
+		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
+		 *
+		 * @type {boolean}
+		 * @readonly
+		 * @default true
+		 */
+		this.isMRTNode = true;
 
 	}
 
-}
+	/**
+	 * Sets the blend mode for the given output name.
+	 *
+	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
+	 * @param {BlendMode} blend - The blending mode.
+	 * @return {MRTNode} The current MRT node.
+	 */
+	setBlendMode( name, blend ) {
 
-/**
- * The color for one buffer channel. Scalar channels are copied into RGB.
- *
- * @param {string} buffer - `renderer.debug.buffer`.
- * @return {Node<vec3>} The channel color.
- */
-function bufferVisualizationColor( buffer ) {
+		this.blendModes[ name ] = blend;
 
-	if ( buffer === BUFFER_WORLD_NORMAL ) {
+		return this;
 
-		return normalWorld.mul( 0.5 ).add( 0.5 );
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the blend mode for the given output name.
+	 *
+	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
+	 * @return {BlendMode} The blend mode.
+	 */
+	getBlendMode( name ) {
+
+		return this.blendModes[ name ] || _noBlending;
 
 	}
 
-	if ( buffer === BUFFER_ROUGHNESS ) {
+	/**
+	 * Sets the clear color for the given output name.
+	 *
+	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
+	 * @param {number|string|Color} color - The clear color.
+	 * @param {number} [alpha=1] - The clear alpha.
+	 * @return {MRTNode} The current MRT node.
+	 */
+	setClearColor( name, color, alpha = 1 ) {
 
-		return vec3( roughness );
+		const clearColor = this.clearColors[ name ] || ( this.clearColors[ name ] = new Color4() );
+
+		clearColor.set( color );
+		clearColor.a = alpha;
+
+		return this;
 
 	}
 
-	if ( buffer === BUFFER_METALLIC ) {
+	/**
+	 * Returns the clear color for the given output name.
+	 *
+	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
+	 * @return {?Color4} The clear color. Returns `null` if no clear color is defined
+	 * which means the renderer's default clear policy is applied.
+	 */
+	getClearColor( name ) {
 
-		return vec3( metalness );
+		return this.clearColors[ name ] || null;
 
 	}
 
-	if ( buffer === BUFFER_AMBIENT_OCCLUSION ) {
+	/**
+	 * Returns `true` if the MRT node has an output with the given name.
+	 *
+	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
+	 * @return {NodeBuilder} Whether the MRT node has an output for the given name or not.
+	 */
+	has( name ) {
 
-		return vec3( ambientOcclusion );
+		return this.outputNodes[ name ] !== undefined;
 
 	}
 
-	if ( buffer === BUFFER_EMISSIVE ) {
+	/**
+	 * Returns the output node for the given name.
+	 *
+	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
+	 * @return {Node} The output node.
+	 */
+	get( name ) {
 
-		return emissive;
+		return this.outputNodes[ name ];
 
 	}
 
-	return diffuseColor.rgb;
+	/**
+	 * Merges the outputs of the given MRT node with the outputs of this node.
+	 *
+	 * @param {MRTNode} mrtNode - The MRT to merge.
+	 * @return {MRTNode} A new MRT node with merged outputs..
+	 */
+	merge( mrtNode ) {
+
+		const outputs = { ...this.outputNodes, ...mrtNode.outputNodes };
+		const blendModes = { ...this.blendModes, ...mrtNode.blendModes };
+		const clearColors = { ...this.clearColors, ...mrtNode.clearColors };
+
+		const mrtTarget = mrt( outputs );
+		mrtTarget.blendModes = blendModes;
+		mrtTarget.clearColors = clearColors;
+
+		return mrtTarget;
+
+	}
+
+	setup( builder ) {
+
+		const outputNodes = this.outputNodes;
+		const mrt = builder.renderer.getRenderTarget();
+
+		const members = [];
+
+		const textures = mrt.textures;
+
+		for ( const name in outputNodes ) {
+
+			const index = getTextureIndex( textures, name );
+
+			// Ignore if the output exists in the MRT but has never been used.
+			if ( index === -1 ) continue;
+
+			const type = builder.getOutputType( index );
+
+			members[ index ] = outputNodes[ name ].convert( type );
+
+		}
+
+		this.members = members;
+
+		return super.setup( builder );
+
+	}
 
 }
 
 /**
- * Replaces the shaded color with the selected buffer. Alpha stays the material's coverage
- * so masked and transparent surfaces keep their shape.
+ * TSL function for creating a MRT node.
  *
- * @param {string} buffer - `renderer.debug.buffer`.
- * @return {Node<vec4>} The buffer color.
+ * @tsl
+ * @function
+ * @param {Object<string, Node>} outputNodes - The MRT outputs.
+ * @returns {MRTNode}
  */
-function bufferVisualizationOutput( buffer ) {
-
-	return vec4( bufferVisualizationColor( buffer ), diffuseColor.a );
-
-}
+const mrt = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( MRTNode );
 
 // WITH_GENESYS
 // Lighting only and detail lighting. Both replace the shaded albedo with a flat gray.
@@ -22210,11 +22818,12 @@ const lightingOnlyNormal = /*@__PURE__*/ Fn( ( builder ) => {
  * Lit materials become a dielectric gray. Unlit materials become flat gray.
  *
  * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
+ * @param {NodeMaterial} material - The node material being set up. `builder.material` can be the
+ * source material of a converted one, such as a glTF `MeshStandardMaterial`.
  * @param {string} view - `renderer.debug.view`.
  */
-function applyLightingDebug( builder, view ) {
+function applyLightingDebug( builder, material, view ) {
 
-	const material = builder.material;
 	const gray = vec3( LIGHTING_ONLY_BRIGHTNESS );
 
 	diffuseColor.rgb.assign( gray );
@@ -22333,10 +22942,11 @@ function writeDrawCallColor( color, object, material ) {
  * The color is an object uniform, so meshes that share a material still differ.
  *
  * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
+ * @param {NodeMaterial} material - The node material being set up. `builder.material` can be the
+ * source material of a converted one, such as a glTF `MeshStandardMaterial`.
  */
-function applyDrawCallDebug( builder ) {
+function applyDrawCallDebug( builder, material ) {
 
-	const material = builder.material;
 	const colorNode = uniform( new Color() ).onObjectUpdate( ( { object, material: drawnMaterial }, self ) => {
 
 		if ( object === null || drawnMaterial === null ) return;
@@ -22373,6 +22983,321 @@ function applyDrawCallDebug( builder ) {
 
 }
 
+// WITH_GENESYS
+// Front/back face. Both windings are drawn. The side facing the camera uses one color, the other side another.
+// !WITH_GENESYS
+
+
+/**
+ * Front/back face. Culling is off. A fragment whose winding faces the camera is one color.
+ * The opposite winding is another. Depth still hides a face behind the shell.
+ *
+ * @type {string}
+ */
+const DEBUG_VIEW_FRONT_BACK_FACE = 'frontBackFace';
+
+/**
+ * Rasterizer front face, ignoring the material side shortcut in {@link frontFacing}.
+ * `BackSide` materials otherwise report every fragment as back facing.
+ */
+let GeometricFrontFacingNode$1 = class GeometricFrontFacingNode extends Node {
+
+	static get type() {
+
+		return 'GeometricFrontFacingNode';
+
+	}
+
+	constructor() {
+
+		super( 'bool' );
+
+	}
+
+	generate( builder ) {
+
+		if ( builder.shaderStage !== 'fragment' ) return 'true';
+
+		return builder.getFrontFacing();
+
+	}
+
+};
+
+const geometricFrontFacing$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( GeometricFrontFacingNode$1 );
+
+const FRONT_COLOR$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ vec3( 0.72, 0.70, 0.66 );
+const BACK_COLOR$1 = /*@__PURE__*/ vec3( 0.25, 0.45, 0.85 );
+
+/**
+ * Replaces albedo with the front or back color after the material has written its channels.
+ * Lit materials become a matte dielectric. Unlit materials become flat.
+ *
+ * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
+ * @param {NodeMaterial} material - The node material being set up.
+ */
+function applyFrontBackFaceDebug( builder, material ) {
+
+	const colorNode = select( geometricFrontFacing$1, FRONT_COLOR$1, BACK_COLOR$1 );
+
+	diffuseColor.rgb.assign( colorNode );
+
+	if ( material.lights !== true ) return;
+
+	metalness.assign( float( 0 ) );
+	diffuseContribution.assign( colorNode );
+	roughness.assign( float( 1 ) );
+	specularColor.assign( vec3( 0 ) );
+	specularColorBlended.assign( vec3( 0 ) );
+	specularF90.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	builder.context.ambientOcclusion = null;
+
+	if ( material.useClearcoat === true ) clearcoat.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useSheen === true ) sheen.assign( vec3( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useIridescence === true ) iridescence.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useAnisotropy === true ) anisotropy.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useTransmission === true ) transmission.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useRetroreflection === true ) retroreflectivity.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+}
+
+// WITH_GENESYS
+// Shadow casters. Green when the object casts a shadow, gray when it does not.
+// !WITH_GENESYS
+
+
+/**
+ * Shadow casters. A mesh that casts shadows is green. One that does not is gray.
+ * The color is lit, so form stays readable.
+ *
+ * Matches Unreal's simplified shadow-caster view (`GetCachedShadowCasterColorSimplified`):
+ * green `(0, 1, 0)` casts, gray `(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)` does not. Contact-shadow yellow is omitted;
+ * Three.js has no per-object contact-shadow flag.
+ *
+ * @type {string}
+ */
+const DEBUG_VIEW_SHADOW_CASTER = 'shadowCaster';
+
+const CASTS_COLOR = new Color( 0, 1, 0 );
+const NONE_COLOR = new Color( 0.5, 0.5, 0.5 );
+
+/**
+ * Replaces albedo with the caster color after the material has written its channels.
+ * Lit materials become a matte dielectric. Unlit materials become flat.
+ * The color is an object uniform, so meshes that share a material still differ.
+ *
+ * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
+ * @param {NodeMaterial} material - The node material being set up. `builder.material` can be the
+ * source material of a converted one, such as a glTF `MeshStandardMaterial`.
+ */
+function applyShadowCasterDebug( builder, material ) {
+
+	const colorNode = uniform( new Color() ).onObjectUpdate( ( { object }, self ) => {
+
+		if ( object === null ) return;
+
+		return self.value.copy( object.castShadow === true ? CASTS_COLOR : NONE_COLOR );
+
+	} );
+
+	diffuseColor.rgb.assign( colorNode );
+
+	if ( material.lights !== true ) return;
+
+	metalness.assign( float( 0 ) );
+	diffuseContribution.assign( colorNode );
+	roughness.assign( float( 1 ) );
+	specularColor.assign( vec3( 0 ) );
+	specularColorBlended.assign( vec3( 0 ) );
+	specularF90.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	builder.context.ambientOcclusion = null;
+
+	if ( material.useClearcoat === true ) clearcoat.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useSheen === true ) sheen.assign( vec3( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useIridescence === true ) iridescence.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useAnisotropy === true ) anisotropy.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useTransmission === true ) transmission.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useRetroreflection === true ) retroreflectivity.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+}
+
+// WITH_GENESYS
+// Double sided. Gray is a single-sided surface or the front of a double-sided one.
+// Blue is a double-sided back face you can see. Red is a double-sided back face hidden behind the front.
+// !WITH_GENESYS
+
+
+/**
+ * Double sided. A single-sided material is gray. A double-sided front face is gray.
+ * A double-sided back face that is the nearest surface is blue. A later pass paints
+ * a hidden double-sided back face red over the front.
+ *
+ * @type {string}
+ */
+const DEBUG_VIEW_DOUBLE_SIDE = 'doubleSide';
+
+/**
+ * Rasterizer front face, ignoring the material side shortcut in {@link frontFacing}.
+ */
+class GeometricFrontFacingNode extends Node {
+
+	static get type() {
+
+		return 'GeometricFrontFacingNode';
+
+	}
+
+	constructor() {
+
+		super( 'bool' );
+
+	}
+
+	generate( builder ) {
+
+		if ( builder.shaderStage !== 'fragment' ) return 'true';
+
+		return builder.getFrontFacing();
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+const geometricFrontFacing = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeImmutable( GeometricFrontFacingNode );
+
+const hideCache = new WeakMap();
+
+/**
+ * A flat card or wall has normals that all point the same way, so its back face is the same
+ * surface. A box or a closed shell has normals that face each other, so one side can hide the other.
+ *
+ * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry - The mesh geometry.
+ * @return {boolean} `true` when some normals oppose the first one.
+ */
+function meshCanHideOwnBack( geometry ) {
+
+	const normal = geometry.getAttribute( 'normal' );
+	const cached = hideCache.get( geometry );
+
+	if ( cached !== undefined && cached.version === geometry.version ) return cached.hides;
+
+	let hides = false;
+
+	if ( normal !== undefined && normal.count > 1 ) {
+
+		const ax = normal.getX( 0 );
+		const ay = normal.getY( 0 );
+		const az = normal.getZ( 0 );
+		const step = Math.max( 1, Math.floor( normal.count / 64 ) );
+
+		for ( let i = step; i < normal.count; i += step ) {
+
+			if ( ax * normal.getX( i ) + ay * normal.getY( i ) + az * normal.getZ( i ) < 0.25 ) {
+
+				hides = true;
+				break;
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	hideCache.set( geometry, { version: geometry.version, hides } );
+
+	return hides;
+
+}
+
+const FRONT_COLOR = /*@__PURE__*/ vec3( 0.5, 0.5, 0.5 );
+const BACK_COLOR = /*@__PURE__*/ vec3( 0.25, 0.45, 0.85 );
+const HIDDEN_COLOR = /*@__PURE__*/ vec3( 0.85, 0.12, 0.1 );
+
+/**
+ * Makes a lit material a matte dielectric in the debug color. An unlit material stays flat.
+ *
+ * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
+ * @param {NodeMaterial} material - The node material being set up.
+ * @param {Node} colorNode - The albedo written for this fragment.
+ */
+function assignLitColor( builder, material, colorNode ) {
+
+	diffuseColor.rgb.assign( colorNode );
+
+	if ( material.lights !== true ) return;
+
+	metalness.assign( float( 0 ) );
+	diffuseContribution.assign( colorNode );
+	roughness.assign( float( 1 ) );
+	specularColor.assign( vec3( 0 ) );
+	specularColorBlended.assign( vec3( 0 ) );
+	specularF90.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	builder.context.ambientOcclusion = null;
+
+	if ( material.useClearcoat === true ) clearcoat.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useSheen === true ) sheen.assign( vec3( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useIridescence === true ) iridescence.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useAnisotropy === true ) anisotropy.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useTransmission === true ) transmission.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+	if ( material.useRetroreflection === true ) retroreflectivity.assign( float( 0 ) );
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * Replaces albedo after the material has written its channels.
+ * The hidden pass forces red. The first pass uses gray, or blue on a visible double-sided back face.
+ *
+ * @param {NodeBuilder} builder - The current node builder.
+ * @param {NodeMaterial} material - The node material being set up. `builder.material` can be the
+ * source material of a converted one, such as a glTF `MeshStandardMaterial`.
+ */
+function applyDoubleSideDebug( builder, material ) {
+
+	const hidden = builder.renderer.debug.doubleSideHidden === true;
+	const visibleBack = builder.renderer.debug.doubleSideBack === true;
+	const doubleSided = material.side === DoubleSide;
+	const colorNode = hidden ? HIDDEN_COLOR : ( visibleBack ? BACK_COLOR : ( doubleSided ? select( geometricFrontFacing, FRONT_COLOR, BACK_COLOR ) : FRONT_COLOR ) );
+
+	assignLitColor( builder, material, colorNode );
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * Replaces the color a material writes with a debug output. With MRT, only the `output`
+ * attachment is replaced so the other attachments keep their members. Converting the
+ * whole MRT struct to a color leaves WGSL with an empty output struct.
+ *
+ * @param {Node} resultNode - The material's fragment result, possibly an MRT node.
+ * @param {function(Node): Node} createOutput - Builds the debug color from the shaded color.
+ * @return {Node} The fragment result with the debug color in place.
+ */
+function replaceColorOutput( resultNode, createOutput ) {
+
+	if ( resultNode.isMRTNode !== true ) return createOutput( resultNode );
+
+	if ( resultNode.has( 'output' ) !== true ) return resultNode;
+
+	return resultNode.merge( mrt( { output: createOutput( resultNode.get( 'output' ) ) } ) );
+
+}
 // !WITH_GENESYS
 
 /**
@@ -22891,11 +23816,23 @@ class NodeMaterial extends Material {
 			// for detail lighting and can be replaced for lighting only.
 			if ( ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_LIGHTING_ONLY || renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_DETAIL_LIGHTING ) && this.isShadowPassMaterial !== true ) {
 
-				applyLightingDebug( builder, renderer.debug.view );
+				applyLightingDebug( builder, this, renderer.debug.view );
 
 			} else if ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_DRAW_CALL && this.isShadowPassMaterial !== true ) {
 
-				applyDrawCallDebug( builder );
+				applyDrawCallDebug( builder, this );
+
+			} else if ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_FRONT_BACK_FACE && this.isShadowPassMaterial !== true ) {
+
+				applyFrontBackFaceDebug( builder, this );
+
+			} else if ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADOW_CASTER && this.isShadowPassMaterial !== true ) {
+
+				applyShadowCasterDebug( builder, this );
+
+			} else if ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_DOUBLE_SIDE && this.isShadowPassMaterial !== true ) {
+
+				applyDoubleSideDebug( builder, this );
 
 			}
 			// !WITH_GENESYS
@@ -22970,27 +23907,32 @@ class NodeMaterial extends Material {
 		}
 
 		// WITH_GENESYS
-		// The screen output pass colorizes the accumulated ratio. Wrapping that pass
-		// would replace the heatmap with this material's own constant cost.
-		if ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY && this.isShadowPassMaterial !== true && renderer.isOutputTarget !== true ) {
+		// The screen output pass colorizes the accumulated ratio. Wrapping that pass, or a
+		// post-processing quad that copies the scene target, would replace the heatmap with
+		// that quad's own constant cost.
+		if ( debugDrawAccumulates( renderer, this, builder.object ) ) {
+
+			if ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY ) {
+
+				builder.shaderComplexityBase = this.getShaderComplexity();
+				resultNode = replaceColorOutput( resultNode, shaderComplexityOutput );
 
-			builder.shaderComplexityBase = this.getShaderComplexity();
-			resultNode = shaderComplexityOutput( resultNode );
+			} else if ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_AND_OVERDRAW ) {
 
-		} else if ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_AND_QUADS && this.isShadowPassMaterial !== true && renderer.isOutputTarget !== true ) {
+				builder.shaderComplexityBase = this.getShaderComplexity();
+				resultNode = replaceColorOutput( resultNode, shaderComplexityAndOverdrawOutput );
 
-			builder.shaderComplexityBase = this.getShaderComplexity();
-			resultNode = shaderComplexityAndQuadsOutput( resultNode );
+			} else {
 
-		} else if ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_QUAD_OVERDRAW && this.isShadowPassMaterial !== true && renderer.isOutputTarget !== true ) {
+				resultNode = replaceColorOutput( resultNode, quadOverdrawOutput );
 
-			resultNode = quadOverdrawOutput( resultNode );
+			}
 
 		} else if ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_BUFFER && this.isShadowPassMaterial !== true && this.fragmentNode === null ) {
 
 			// The fullscreen output pass sets fragmentNode. Scene materials do not, including
 			// when the scene is drawn straight to the canvas.
-			resultNode = bufferVisualizationOutput( renderer.debug.buffer );
+			resultNode = replaceColorOutput( resultNode, () => bufferVisualizationOutput( renderer.debug.buffer ) );
 
 		}
 		// !WITH_GENESYS
@@ -23350,7 +24292,7 @@ class NodeMaterial extends Material {
 	setupNormal( builder ) {
 
 		// WITH_GENESYS
-		if ( ( builder.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_LIGHTING_ONLY || builder.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_DRAW_CALL ) && this.isShadowPassMaterial !== true && this.fragmentNode === null ) {
+		if ( ( builder.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_LIGHTING_ONLY || builder.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_DRAW_CALL || builder.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_FRONT_BACK_FACE || builder.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADOW_CASTER || builder.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_DOUBLE_SIDE ) && this.isShadowPassMaterial !== true && this.fragmentNode === null ) {
 
 			return lightingOnlyNormal();
 
@@ -23555,7 +24497,7 @@ class NodeMaterial extends Material {
 			// WITH_GENESYS
 			// Lighting only and draw call substitute a plain lit material, so emissive is dropped.
 			// Detail lighting keeps it.
-			if ( ( builder.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_LIGHTING_ONLY || builder.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_DRAW_CALL ) && this.isShadowPassMaterial !== true ) {
+			if ( ( builder.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_LIGHTING_ONLY || builder.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_DRAW_CALL || builder.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_FRONT_BACK_FACE || builder.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADOW_CASTER || builder.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_DOUBLE_SIDE ) && this.isShadowPassMaterial !== true ) {
 
 				return outgoingLightNode;
 
@@ -32466,7 +33408,7 @@ class RenderObject {
 
 		// WITH_GENESYS
 		// hash() xors each argument as a number, so a view name has to be hashed first.
-		cacheKey = hash$1( cacheKey, hashString( this.renderer.debug.view ), hashString( this.renderer.debug.buffer ), this.renderer.debug.shaderComplexityBudget, this.renderer.debug.quadOverdrawBudget );
+		cacheKey = hash$1( cacheKey, hashString( this.renderer.debug.view ), hashString( this.renderer.debug.buffer ), this.renderer.debug.shaderComplexityBudget, this.renderer.debug.quadOverdrawBudget, this.renderer.debug.doubleSideHidden === true ? 1 : 0, this.renderer.debug.doubleSideBack === true ? 1 : 0 );
 		// !WITH_GENESYS
 
 		return cacheKey;
@@ -36857,130 +37799,47 @@ class Textures extends DataMap {
 
 			this.info.destroyTexture( texture );
 
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	// WITH_GENESYS
-	/**
-	 * Frees internal resources. Destroys every tracked render target and
-	 * texture so the `'dispose'` listeners installed by {@link updateTexture}
-	 * and {@link updateRenderTarget} are removed; without this, listeners on
-	 * shared textures (PMREM, environment maps, etc.) would retain this
-	 * `Textures` instance (and its renderer) across renderer teardown.
-	 *
-	 * @override
-	 */
-	dispose() {
-
-		// Snapshot first: `_destroy*` mutates the sets.
-		const renderTargets = Array.from( this._renderTargets );
-		this._renderTargets.clear();
-
-		for ( const renderTarget of renderTargets ) {
-
-			this._destroyRenderTarget( renderTarget );
-
-		}
-
-		const textures = Array.from( this._textures );
-		this._textures.clear();
-
-		for ( const texture of textures ) {
-
-			this._destroyTexture( texture );
-
-		}
-
-		this._htmlTextures.clear();
-
-		super.dispose();
-
-	}
-	// !WITH_GENESYS
-
-}
-
-/**
- * A four-component version of {@link Color} which is internally
- * used by the renderer to represents clear color with alpha as
- * one object.
- *
- * @private
- * @augments Color
- */
-class Color4 extends Color {
-
-	/**
-	 * Constructs a new four-component color.
-	 * You can also pass a single THREE.Color, hex or
-	 * string argument to this constructor.
-	 *
-	 * @param {number|string} [r=1] - The red value.
-	 * @param {number} [g=1] - The green value.
-	 * @param {number} [b=1] - The blue value.
-	 * @param {number} [a=1] - The alpha value.
-	 */
-	constructor( r, g, b, a = 1 ) {
-
-		super( r, g, b );
-
-		this.a = a;
+		}
 
 	}
 
+	// WITH_GENESYS
 	/**
-	 * Overwrites the default to honor alpha.
-	 * You can also pass a single THREE.Color, hex or
-	 * string argument to this method.
+	 * Frees internal resources. Destroys every tracked render target and
+	 * texture so the `'dispose'` listeners installed by {@link updateTexture}
+	 * and {@link updateRenderTarget} are removed; without this, listeners on
+	 * shared textures (PMREM, environment maps, etc.) would retain this
+	 * `Textures` instance (and its renderer) across renderer teardown.
 	 *
-	 * @param {number|string|Color} r - The red value.
-	 * @param {number} [g] - The green value.
-	 * @param {number} [b] - The blue value.
-	 * @param {number} [a=1] - The alpha value.
-	 * @return {Color4} A reference to this object.
+	 * @override
 	 */
-	set( r, g, b, a = 1 ) {
-
-		this.a = a;
-
-		return super.set( r, g, b );
+	dispose() {
 
-	}
+		// Snapshot first: `_destroy*` mutates the sets.
+		const renderTargets = Array.from( this._renderTargets );
+		this._renderTargets.clear();
 
-	/**
-	 * Overwrites the default to honor alpha.
-	 *
-	 * @param {Color4} color - The color to copy.
-	 * @return {Color4} A reference to this object.
-	 */
-	copy( color ) {
+		for ( const renderTarget of renderTargets ) {
 
-		if ( color.a !== undefined ) this.a = color.a;
+			this._destroyRenderTarget( renderTarget );
 
-		return super.copy( color );
+		}
 
-	}
+		const textures = Array.from( this._textures );
+		this._textures.clear();
 
-	/**
-	 * Overwrites the default to honor alpha.
-	 *
-	 * @return {Color4} The cloned color.
-	 */
-	clone() {
+		for ( const texture of textures ) {
 
-		return new this.constructor( this.r, this.g, this.b, this.a );
+			this._destroyTexture( texture );
 
-	}
+		}
 
-	*[ Symbol.iterator ]() {
+		this._htmlTextures.clear();
 
-		yield this.r;
-		yield this.g;
-		yield this.b;
-		yield this.a;
+		super.dispose();
 
 	}
+	// !WITH_GENESYS
 
 }
 
@@ -37608,652 +38467,124 @@ class StackNode extends Node {
 				const stages = builder.getDataFromNode( node, 'any' ).stages;
 				const parents = stages && stages[ builder.shaderStage ];
 
-				if ( node.isVarNode && parents && parents.length === 1 && parents[ 0 ] && parents[ 0 ].isStackNode ) {
-
-					continue; // skip var nodes that are only used in .toVarying()
-
-				}
-
-				node.build( builder, 'void' );
-
-			}
-
-			this._currentNode = previousNode;
-
-		}
-
-		//
-
-		let result;
-
-		if ( this.outputNode ) {
-
-			const buildResult = this.outputNode.build( builder, ...params );
-
-			if ( builder.buildStage !== 'generate' || this.outputNode.getNodeType( builder ) !== 'void' ) {
-
-				result = buildResult;
-
-			}
-
-		} else {
-
-			result = super.build( builder, ...params );
-
-		}
-
-		setCurrentStack( previousStack );
-
-		builder.removeActiveStack( this );
-
-		return result;
-
-	}
-
-}
-
-/**
- * TSL function for creating a stack node.
- *
- * @tsl
- * @function
- * @param {?StackNode} [parent=null] - The parent stack node.
- * @returns {StackNode}
- */
-const stack = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( StackNode ).setParameterLength( 0, 1 );
-
-/**
- * Generates a layout for struct members.
- * This function takes an object representing struct members and returns an array of member layouts.
- * Each member layout includes the member's name, type, and whether it is atomic.
- *
- * @param {Object.<string, string|Object>} members - An object where keys are member names and values are either types (as strings) or objects with type and atomic properties.
- * @returns {Array.<{name: string, type: string, atomic: boolean}>} An array of member layouts.
- */
-function getMembersLayout( members ) {
-
-	return Object.entries( members ).map( ( [ name, value ] ) => {
-
-		if ( typeof value === 'string' ) {
-
-			return { name, type: value, atomic: false };
-
-		}
-
-		return { name, type: value.type, atomic: value.atomic || false };
-
-	} );
-
-}
-
-/**
- * Represents a struct type node in the node-based system.
- * This class is used to define and manage the layout and types of struct members.
- * It extends the base Node class and provides methods to get the length of the struct,
- * retrieve member types, and generate the struct type for a builder.
- *
- * @augments Node
- */
-class StructTypeNode extends Node {
-
-	static get type() {
-
-		return 'StructTypeNode';
-
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Creates an instance of StructTypeNode.
-	 *
-	 * @param {Object} membersLayout - The layout of the members for the struct.
-	 * @param {?string} [name=null] - The optional name of the struct.
-	 */
-	constructor( membersLayout, name = null ) {
-
-		super( 'struct' );
-
-		/**
-		 * The layout of the members for the struct
-		 *
-		 * @type {Array.<{name: string, type: string, atomic: boolean}>}
-		 */
-		this.membersLayout = getMembersLayout( membersLayout );
-
-		/**
-		 * The name of the struct.
-		 *
-		 * @type {?string}
-		 * @default null
-		 */
-		this.name = name;
-
-		/**
-		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
-		 *
-		 * @type {boolean}
-		 * @readonly
-		 * @default true
-		 */
-		this.isStructTypeNode = true;
-
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the length of the struct in 4-byte elements (e.g. float or int components).
-	 * The length is calculated by summing the lengths of the struct's members, accounting for memory alignment.
-	 * To get the size in bytes, multiply the returned value by 4.
-	 *
-	 * @returns {number} The length of the struct in 4-byte elements.
-	 */
-	getLength() {
-
-		let maxAlignment = 1; // maximum alignment value in this struct
-		let offset = 0; // global buffer offset in 4 byte elements
-
-		for ( const member of this.membersLayout ) {
-
-			const type = member.type;
-
-			const itemSize = getMemoryLengthFromType( type );
-			const alignment = getAlignmentFromType( type );
-			maxAlignment = Math.max( maxAlignment, alignment );
-
-			const chunkOffset = offset % maxAlignment; // offset in the current chunk of maxAlignment elements
-			const overhang = chunkOffset % alignment; // distance from the last aligned offset
-			if ( overhang !== 0 ) {
-
-				offset += alignment - overhang; // move to next aligned offset
-
-			}
-
-			offset += itemSize;
-
-		}
-
-		return ( Math.ceil( offset / maxAlignment ) * maxAlignment ); // ensure length is a multiple of maxAlignment
-
-	}
-
-	getMemberType( builder, name ) {
-
-		const member = this.membersLayout.find( m => m.name === name );
-
-		return member ? member.type : 'void';
-
-	}
-
-	generateNodeType( builder ) {
-
-		const structType = builder.getStructTypeFromNode( this, this.membersLayout, this.name );
-
-		return structType.name;
-
-	}
-
-	setup( builder ) {
-
-		builder.getStructTypeFromNode( this, this.membersLayout, this.name );
-		builder.addInclude( this );
-
-	}
-
-	generate( builder ) {
-
-		return this.getNodeType( builder );
-
-	}
-
-}
-
-/**
- * StructNode allows to create custom structures with multiple members.
- * This can also be used to define structures in attribute and uniform data.
- *
- * ```js
- * // Define a custom struct
- * const BoundingBox = struct( { min: 'vec3', max: 'vec3' } );
- *
- * // Create a new instance of the struct
- * const bb = BoundingBox( vec3( 0 ), vec3( 1 ) ); // style 1
- * const bb = BoundingBox( { min: vec3( 0 ), max: vec3( 1 ) } ); // style 2
- *
- * // Access the struct members
- * const min = bb.get( 'min' );
- *
- * // Assign a new value to a member
- * min.assign( vec3() );
- * ```
- * @augments Node
- */
-class StructNode extends Node {
-
-	static get type() {
-
-		return 'StructNode';
-
-	}
-
-	constructor( structTypeNode, values ) {
-
-		super( 'vec3' );
-
-		this.structTypeNode = structTypeNode;
-		this.values = values;
-
-		this.isStructNode = true;
-
-	}
-
-	generateNodeType( builder ) {
-
-		return this.structTypeNode.getNodeType( builder );
-
-	}
-
-	getMemberType( builder, name ) {
-
-		return this.structTypeNode.getMemberType( builder, name );
-
-	}
-
-	_getChildren() {
-
-		// Ensure struct type is the last child for correct code generation order
-
-		const children = super._getChildren();
-
-		const structTypeProperty = children.find( child => child.childNode === this.structTypeNode );
-
-		children.splice( children.indexOf( structTypeProperty ), 1 );
-		children.push( structTypeProperty );
-
-		return children;
-
-	}
-
-	generate( builder ) {
-
-		const nodeVar = builder.getVarFromNode( this );
-		const structType = nodeVar.type;
-		const propertyName = builder.getPropertyName( nodeVar );
-
-		builder.addLineFlowCode( `${ propertyName } = ${ builder.generateStruct( structType, this.structTypeNode.membersLayout, this.values ) }`, this );
-
-		return nodeVar.name;
-
-	}
-
-}
-
-/**
- * TSL function for creating a struct node.
- *
- * @tsl
- * @function
- * @param {Object} membersLayout - The layout of the struct members.
- * @param {?string} [name=null] - The name of the struct.
- * @returns {Function} The struct function.
- */
-const struct = ( membersLayout, name = null ) => {
-
-	const structType = new StructTypeNode( membersLayout, name );
-
-	const struct = ( ...params ) => {
-
-		let values = null;
-
-		if ( params.length > 0 ) {
-
-			if ( isArrayAsParameter( params ) ) {
-
-				values = {};
-
-				const names = Object.keys( membersLayout );
-
-				for ( let i = 0; i < params.length; i ++ ) {
-
-					values[ names[ i ] ] = nodeObject( params[ i ] );
-
-				}
-
-			} else {
-
-				values = params[ 0 ];
-
-			}
-
-		}
-
-		return new StructNode( structType, values );
-
-	};
-
-	return nodeProxyConstructor( struct, structType );
-
-};
-
-/**
- * This node can be used to define multiple outputs in a shader programs.
- *
- * @augments Node
- */
-class OutputStructNode extends Node {
-
-	static get type() {
-
-		return 'OutputStructNode';
-
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Constructs a new output struct node. The constructor can be invoked with an
-	 * arbitrary number of nodes representing the members.
-	 *
-	 * @param {...Node} members - A parameter list of nodes.
-	 */
-	constructor( ...members ) {
-
-		super();
-
-		/**
-		 * An array of nodes which defines the output.
-		 *
-		 * @type {Array<Node>}
-		 */
-		this.members = members;
-
-		/**
-		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
-		 *
-		 * @type {boolean}
-		 * @readonly
-		 * @default true
-		 */
-		this.isOutputStructNode = true;
-
-	}
-
-	generateNodeType( /*builder*/ ) {
-
-		return 'OutputType';
-
-	}
-
-	generate( builder ) {
-
-		const nodeData = builder.getDataFromNode( this );
-
-		if ( nodeData.membersLayout === undefined ) {
-
-			const members = this.members;
-			const membersLayout = [];
-
-			for ( let i = 0; i < members.length; i ++ ) {
-
-				const name = 'm' + i;
-				const type = members[ i ].getNodeType( builder );
-
-				membersLayout.push( { name, type, index: i } );
-
-			}
-
-			nodeData.membersLayout = membersLayout;
-			nodeData.structType = builder.getOutputStructTypeFromNode( this, nodeData.membersLayout );
-
-		}
-
-		//
-
-		const propertyName = builder.getOutputStructName();
-		const members = this.members;
-
-		const structPrefix = propertyName !== '' ? propertyName + '.' : '';
-
-		for ( let i = 0; i < members.length; i ++ ) {
-
-			const snippet = members[ i ].build( builder, nodeData.membersLayout[ i ].type );
-
-			builder.addLineFlowCode( `${ structPrefix }m${ i } = ${ snippet }`, this );
-
-		}
-
-		return propertyName;
-
-	}
-
-}
-
-/**
- * TSL function for creating an output struct node.
- *
- * @tsl
- * @function
- * @param {...Node} members - A parameter list of nodes.
- * @returns {OutputStructNode}
- */
-const outputStruct = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( OutputStructNode );
-
-/**
- * Represents blending configuration.
- *
- * This class encapsulates all blending-related properties that control how
- * a material's colors are combined with the colors already in the frame buffer.
- */
-class BlendMode {
-
-	/**
-	 * Constructs a new blending configuration.
-	 *
-	 * @param {(NoBlending|NormalBlending|AdditiveBlending|SubtractiveBlending|MultiplyBlending|CustomBlending|MaterialBlending)} [blending=NormalBlending] - The blending mode.
-	 */
-	constructor( blending = NormalBlending ) {
-
-		/**
-		 * Defines the blending type.
-		 *
-		 * It must be set to `CustomBlending` if custom blending properties like
-		 * {@link BlendMode#blendSrc}, {@link BlendMode#blendDst} or {@link BlendMode#blendEquation}
-		 * should have any effect.
-		 *
-		 * @type {(NoBlending|NormalBlending|AdditiveBlending|SubtractiveBlending|MultiplyBlending|CustomBlending|MaterialBlending)}
-		 * @default NormalBlending
-		 */
-		this.blending = blending;
+				if ( node.isVarNode && parents && parents.length === 1 && parents[ 0 ] && parents[ 0 ].isStackNode ) {
 
-		/**
-		 * Defines the blending source factor.
-		 *
-		 * This determines how the source (incoming) fragment color is factored before being added
-		 * to the destination (existing) fragment color in the frame buffer.
-		 *
-		 * @type {(ZeroFactor|OneFactor|SrcColorFactor|OneMinusSrcColorFactor|SrcAlphaFactor|OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor|DstAlphaFactor|OneMinusDstAlphaFactor|DstColorFactor|OneMinusDstColorFactor|SrcAlphaSaturateFactor|ConstantColorFactor|OneMinusConstantColorFactor|ConstantAlphaFactor|OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor)}
-		 * @default SrcAlphaFactor
-		 */
-		this.blendSrc = SrcAlphaFactor;
+					continue; // skip var nodes that are only used in .toVarying()
 
-		/**
-		 * Defines the blending destination factor.
-		 *
-		 * This determines how the destination (existing) fragment color in the frame buffer
-		 * is factored before being combined with the source (incoming) fragment color.
-		 *
-		 * @type {(ZeroFactor|OneFactor|SrcColorFactor|OneMinusSrcColorFactor|SrcAlphaFactor|OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor|DstAlphaFactor|OneMinusDstAlphaFactor|DstColorFactor|OneMinusDstColorFactor|SrcAlphaSaturateFactor|ConstantColorFactor|OneMinusConstantColorFactor|ConstantAlphaFactor|OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor)}
-		 * @default OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor
-		 */
-		this.blendDst = OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor;
+				}
 
-		/**
-		 * Defines the blending equation.
-		 *
-		 * This determines how the source and destination colors are combined.
-		 *
-		 * @type {(AddEquation|SubtractEquation|ReverseSubtractEquation|MinEquation|MaxEquation)}
-		 * @default AddEquation
-		 */
-		this.blendEquation = AddEquation;
+				node.build( builder, 'void' );
 
-		/**
-		 * Defines the blending source alpha factor.
-		 *
-		 * When set, this allows separate control of the alpha channel's source blending factor.
-		 * If `null`, {@link BlendMode#blendSrc} is used for the alpha channel as well.
-		 *
-		 * @type {?(ZeroFactor|OneFactor|SrcColorFactor|OneMinusSrcColorFactor|SrcAlphaFactor|OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor|DstAlphaFactor|OneMinusDstAlphaFactor|DstColorFactor|OneMinusDstColorFactor|SrcAlphaSaturateFactor|ConstantColorFactor|OneMinusConstantColorFactor|ConstantAlphaFactor|OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor)}
-		 * @default null
-		 */
-		this.blendSrcAlpha = null;
+			}
 
-		/**
-		 * Defines the blending destination alpha factor.
-		 *
-		 * When set, this allows separate control of the alpha channel's destination blending factor.
-		 * If `null`, {@link BlendMode#blendDst} is used for the alpha channel as well.
-		 *
-		 * @type {?(ZeroFactor|OneFactor|SrcColorFactor|OneMinusSrcColorFactor|SrcAlphaFactor|OneMinusSrcAlphaFactor|DstAlphaFactor|OneMinusDstAlphaFactor|DstColorFactor|OneMinusDstColorFactor|SrcAlphaSaturateFactor|ConstantColorFactor|OneMinusConstantColorFactor|ConstantAlphaFactor|OneMinusConstantAlphaFactor)}
-		 * @default null
-		 */
-		this.blendDstAlpha = null;
+			this._currentNode = previousNode;
 
-		/**
-		 * Defines the blending equation of the alpha channel.
-		 *
-		 * When set, this allows separate control of the alpha channel's blending equation.
-		 * If `null`, {@link BlendMode#blendEquation} is used for the alpha channel as well.
-		 *
-		 * @type {?(AddEquation|SubtractEquation|ReverseSubtractEquation|MinEquation|MaxEquation)}
-		 * @default null
-		 */
-		this.blendEquationAlpha = null;
+		}
 
-		/**
-		 * Defines whether to premultiply the alpha (transparency) value.
-		 *
-		 * If `true`, the RGB color of the texture or material is multiplied by its alpha value.
-		 * This is useful for transparent textures/materials where the color data
-		 * should already include the transparency information.
-		 *
-		 * @type {boolean}
-		 * @default false
-		 */
-		this.premultiplyAlpha = false;
+		//
 
-	}
+		let result;
 
-	/**
-	 * Copies the blending properties from the given source to this instance.
-	 *
-	 * @param {BlendMode} source - The blending configuration to copy from.
-	 * @return {BlendMode} A reference to this instance.
-	 */
-	copy( source ) {
+		if ( this.outputNode ) {
 
-		this.blending = source.blending;
-		this.blendSrc = source.blendSrc;
-		this.blendDst = source.blendDst;
-		this.blendEquation = source.blendEquation;
-		this.blendSrcAlpha = source.blendSrcAlpha;
-		this.blendDstAlpha = source.blendDstAlpha;
-		this.blendEquationAlpha = source.blendEquationAlpha;
-		this.premultiplyAlpha = source.premultiplyAlpha;
+			const buildResult = this.outputNode.build( builder, ...params );
 
-		return this;
+			if ( builder.buildStage !== 'generate' || this.outputNode.getNodeType( builder ) !== 'void' ) {
 
-	}
+				result = buildResult;
 
-	/**
-	 * Returns a clone of this blending configuration.
-	 *
-	 * @return {BlendMode} A new Blending instance with the same properties.
-	 */
-	clone() {
+			}
 
-		return new this.constructor().copy( this );
+		} else {
+
+			result = super.build( builder, ...params );
+
+		}
+
+		setCurrentStack( previousStack );
+
+		builder.removeActiveStack( this );
+
+		return result;
 
 	}
 
 }
 
-// Predefined blend modes for MRT nodes.
-const _noBlending = /**@__PURE__*/ new BlendMode( NoBlending );
-const _materialBlending = /**@__PURE__*/ new BlendMode( MaterialBlending );
+/**
+ * TSL function for creating a stack node.
+ *
+ * @tsl
+ * @function
+ * @param {?StackNode} [parent=null] - The parent stack node.
+ * @returns {StackNode}
+ */
+const stack = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( StackNode ).setParameterLength( 0, 1 );
 
 /**
- * Returns the MRT texture index for the given name.
+ * Generates a layout for struct members.
+ * This function takes an object representing struct members and returns an array of member layouts.
+ * Each member layout includes the member's name, type, and whether it is atomic.
  *
- * @param {Array<Texture>} textures - The textures of a MRT-configured render target.
- * @param {string} name - The name of the MRT texture which index is requested.
- * @return {number} The texture index.
+ * @param {Object.<string, string|Object>} members - An object where keys are member names and values are either types (as strings) or objects with type and atomic properties.
+ * @returns {Array.<{name: string, type: string, atomic: boolean}>} An array of member layouts.
  */
-function getTextureIndex( textures, name ) {
+function getMembersLayout( members ) {
 
-	for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {
+	return Object.entries( members ).map( ( [ name, value ] ) => {
 
-		if ( textures[ i ].name === name ) {
+		if ( typeof value === 'string' ) {
 
-			return i;
+			return { name, type: value, atomic: false };
 
 		}
 
-	}
+		return { name, type: value.type, atomic: value.atomic || false };
 
-	return -1;
+	} );
 
 }
 
 /**
- * This node can be used setup a MRT context for rendering. A typical MRT setup for
- * post-processing is shown below:
- * ```js
- * const mrtNode = mrt( {
- *   output: output,
- *   normal: normalView
- * } ) ;
- * ```
- * The MRT output is defined as a dictionary.
+ * Represents a struct type node in the node-based system.
+ * This class is used to define and manage the layout and types of struct members.
+ * It extends the base Node class and provides methods to get the length of the struct,
+ * retrieve member types, and generate the struct type for a builder.
  *
- * @augments OutputStructNode
+ * @augments Node
  */
-class MRTNode extends OutputStructNode {
+class StructTypeNode extends Node {
 
 	static get type() {
 
-		return 'MRTNode';
+		return 'StructTypeNode';
 
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Constructs a new output struct node.
+	 * Creates an instance of StructTypeNode.
 	 *
-	 * @param {Object<string, Node>} outputNodes - The MRT outputs.
+	 * @param {Object} membersLayout - The layout of the members for the struct.
+	 * @param {?string} [name=null] - The optional name of the struct.
 	 */
-	constructor( outputNodes ) {
-
-		super();
+	constructor( membersLayout, name = null ) {
 
-		/**
-		 * A dictionary representing the MRT outputs. The key
-		 * is the name of the output, the value the node which produces
-		 * the output result.
-		 *
-		 * @type {Object<string, Node>}
-		 */
-		this.outputNodes = outputNodes;
+		super( 'struct' );
 
 		/**
-		 * A dictionary storing the blend modes for each output.
+		 * The layout of the members for the struct
 		 *
-		 * @type {Object<string, BlendMode>}
+		 * @type {Array.<{name: string, type: string, atomic: boolean}>}
 		 */
-		this.blendModes = {
-			output: _materialBlending
-		};
+		this.membersLayout = getMembersLayout( membersLayout );
 
 		/**
-		 * A dictionary storing the clear colors for each output.
+		 * The name of the struct.
 		 *
-		 * @type {Object<string, Color4>}
+		 * @type {?string}
+		 * @default null
 		 */
-		this.clearColors = {};
+		this.name = name;
 
 		/**
 		 * This flag can be used for type testing.
@@ -38262,152 +38593,203 @@ class MRTNode extends OutputStructNode {
 		 * @readonly
 		 * @default true
 		 */
-		this.isMRTNode = true;
+		this.isStructTypeNode = true;
 
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Sets the blend mode for the given output name.
+	 * Returns the length of the struct in 4-byte elements (e.g. float or int components).
+	 * The length is calculated by summing the lengths of the struct's members, accounting for memory alignment.
+	 * To get the size in bytes, multiply the returned value by 4.
 	 *
-	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
-	 * @param {BlendMode} blend - The blending mode.
-	 * @return {MRTNode} The current MRT node.
+	 * @returns {number} The length of the struct in 4-byte elements.
 	 */
-	setBlendMode( name, blend ) {
+	getLength() {
 
-		this.blendModes[ name ] = blend;
+		let maxAlignment = 1; // maximum alignment value in this struct
+		let offset = 0; // global buffer offset in 4 byte elements
 
-		return this;
+		for ( const member of this.membersLayout ) {
 
-	}
+			const type = member.type;
 
-	/**
-	 * Returns the blend mode for the given output name.
-	 *
-	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
-	 * @return {BlendMode} The blend mode.
-	 */
-	getBlendMode( name ) {
+			const itemSize = getMemoryLengthFromType( type );
+			const alignment = getAlignmentFromType( type );
+			maxAlignment = Math.max( maxAlignment, alignment );
 
-		return this.blendModes[ name ] || _noBlending;
+			const chunkOffset = offset % maxAlignment; // offset in the current chunk of maxAlignment elements
+			const overhang = chunkOffset % alignment; // distance from the last aligned offset
+			if ( overhang !== 0 ) {
+
+				offset += alignment - overhang; // move to next aligned offset
+
+			}
+
+			offset += itemSize;
+
+		}
+
+		return ( Math.ceil( offset / maxAlignment ) * maxAlignment ); // ensure length is a multiple of maxAlignment
 
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * Sets the clear color for the given output name.
-	 *
-	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
-	 * @param {number|string|Color} color - The clear color.
-	 * @param {number} [alpha=1] - The clear alpha.
-	 * @return {MRTNode} The current MRT node.
-	 */
-	setClearColor( name, color, alpha = 1 ) {
+	getMemberType( builder, name ) {
 
-		const clearColor = this.clearColors[ name ] || ( this.clearColors[ name ] = new Color4() );
+		const member = this.membersLayout.find( m => m.name === name );
 
-		clearColor.set( color );
-		clearColor.a = alpha;
+		return member ? member.type : 'void';
 
-		return this;
+	}
+
+	generateNodeType( builder ) {
+
+		const structType = builder.getStructTypeFromNode( this, this.membersLayout, this.name );
+
+		return structType.name;
 
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * Returns the clear color for the given output name.
-	 *
-	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
-	 * @return {?Color4} The clear color. Returns `null` if no clear color is defined
-	 * which means the renderer's default clear policy is applied.
-	 */
-	getClearColor( name ) {
+	setup( builder ) {
 
-		return this.clearColors[ name ] || null;
+		builder.getStructTypeFromNode( this, this.membersLayout, this.name );
+		builder.addInclude( this );
 
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * Returns `true` if the MRT node has an output with the given name.
-	 *
-	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
-	 * @return {NodeBuilder} Whether the MRT node has an output for the given name or not.
-	 */
-	has( name ) {
+	generate( builder ) {
 
-		return this.outputNodes[ name ] !== undefined;
+		return this.getNodeType( builder );
 
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * Returns the output node for the given name.
-	 *
-	 * @param {string} name - The name of the output.
-	 * @return {Node} The output node.
-	 */
-	get( name ) {
+}
 
-		return this.outputNodes[ name ];
+/**
+ * StructNode allows to create custom structures with multiple members.
+ * This can also be used to define structures in attribute and uniform data.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * // Define a custom struct
+ * const BoundingBox = struct( { min: 'vec3', max: 'vec3' } );
+ *
+ * // Create a new instance of the struct
+ * const bb = BoundingBox( vec3( 0 ), vec3( 1 ) ); // style 1
+ * const bb = BoundingBox( { min: vec3( 0 ), max: vec3( 1 ) } ); // style 2
+ *
+ * // Access the struct members
+ * const min = bb.get( 'min' );
+ *
+ * // Assign a new value to a member
+ * min.assign( vec3() );
+ * ```
+ * @augments Node
+ */
+class StructNode extends Node {
+
+	static get type() {
+
+		return 'StructNode';
 
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * Merges the outputs of the given MRT node with the outputs of this node.
-	 *
-	 * @param {MRTNode} mrtNode - The MRT to merge.
-	 * @return {MRTNode} A new MRT node with merged outputs..
-	 */
-	merge( mrtNode ) {
+	constructor( structTypeNode, values ) {
 
-		const outputs = { ...this.outputNodes, ...mrtNode.outputNodes };
-		const blendModes = { ...this.blendModes, ...mrtNode.blendModes };
-		const clearColors = { ...this.clearColors, ...mrtNode.clearColors };
+		super( 'vec3' );
 
-		const mrtTarget = mrt( outputs );
-		mrtTarget.blendModes = blendModes;
-		mrtTarget.clearColors = clearColors;
+		this.structTypeNode = structTypeNode;
+		this.values = values;
 
-		return mrtTarget;
+		this.isStructNode = true;
 
 	}
 
-	setup( builder ) {
+	generateNodeType( builder ) {
 
-		const outputNodes = this.outputNodes;
-		const mrt = builder.renderer.getRenderTarget();
+		return this.structTypeNode.getNodeType( builder );
 
-		const members = [];
+	}
 
-		const textures = mrt.textures;
+	getMemberType( builder, name ) {
 
-		for ( const name in outputNodes ) {
+		return this.structTypeNode.getMemberType( builder, name );
 
-			const index = getTextureIndex( textures, name );
+	}
 
-			// Ignore if the output exists in the MRT but has never been used.
-			if ( index === -1 ) continue;
+	_getChildren() {
 
-			const type = builder.getOutputType( index );
+		// Ensure struct type is the last child for correct code generation order
 
-			members[ index ] = outputNodes[ name ].convert( type );
+		const children = super._getChildren();
 
-		}
+		const structTypeProperty = children.find( child => child.childNode === this.structTypeNode );
 
-		this.members = members;
+		children.splice( children.indexOf( structTypeProperty ), 1 );
+		children.push( structTypeProperty );
 
-		return super.setup( builder );
+		return children;
+
+	}
+
+	generate( builder ) {
+
+		const nodeVar = builder.getVarFromNode( this );
+		const structType = nodeVar.type;
+		const propertyName = builder.getPropertyName( nodeVar );
+
+		builder.addLineFlowCode( `${ propertyName } = ${ builder.generateStruct( structType, this.structTypeNode.membersLayout, this.values ) }`, this );
+
+		return nodeVar.name;
 
 	}
 
 }
 
 /**
- * TSL function for creating a MRT node.
+ * TSL function for creating a struct node.
  *
  * @tsl
  * @function
- * @param {Object<string, Node>} outputNodes - The MRT outputs.
- * @returns {MRTNode}
+ * @param {Object} membersLayout - The layout of the struct members.
+ * @param {?string} [name=null] - The name of the struct.
+ * @returns {Function} The struct function.
  */
-const mrt = /*@__PURE__*/ nodeProxy( MRTNode );
+const struct = ( membersLayout, name = null ) => {
+
+	const structType = new StructTypeNode( membersLayout, name );
+
+	const struct = ( ...params ) => {
+
+		let values = null;
+
+		if ( params.length > 0 ) {
+
+			if ( isArrayAsParameter( params ) ) {
+
+				values = {};
+
+				const names = Object.keys( membersLayout );
+
+				for ( let i = 0; i < params.length; i ++ ) {
+
+					values[ names[ i ] ] = nodeObject( params[ i ] );
+
+				}
+
+			} else {
+
+				values = params[ 0 ];
+
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		return new StructNode( structType, values );
+
+	};
+
+	return nodeProxyConstructor( struct, structType );
+
+};
 
 /**
  * This node represents an operation that reinterprets the bit representation of a value
@@ -53138,9 +53520,11 @@ class Background extends DataMap {
 		//
 
 		// WITH_GENESYS
+		// Accumulating views start from zero cost. Alpha keeps the shaded pass coverage, so an
+		// overlay pass such as a HUD stays transparent where it draws nothing when composited.
 		if ( debugViewAccumulates( renderer.debug.view ) ) {
 
-			_clearColor.set( 0, 0, 0, 1 );
+			_clearColor.set( 0, 0, 0, background !== null ? 1 : _clearColor.a );
 
 		}
 		// !WITH_GENESYS
@@ -60428,9 +60812,9 @@ class NodeManager extends DataMap {
 		}
 
 		// WITH_GENESYS
-		if ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY || renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_AND_QUADS ) {
+		if ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY || renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_AND_OVERDRAW ) {
 
-			const complexity = renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_AND_QUADS
+			const complexity = renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_AND_OVERDRAW
 				? sampled.r.mul( sampled.g ).mul( SHADER_COMPLEXITY_QUAD_COUNT_SCALE )
 				: sampled.r;
 
@@ -60438,7 +60822,7 @@ class NodeManager extends DataMap {
 
 		}
 
-		if ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_QUAD_OVERDRAW ) {
+		if ( renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_OVERDRAW ) {
 
 			return vec4( colorizeQuadOverdraw( sampled.r ), 1 ).renderOutput( NoToneMapping, renderer.currentColorSpace );
 
@@ -64403,7 +64787,7 @@ class Renderer {
 		 * @property {?Function} onNodeBuilderCreated - A callback function that is executed after a node builder has been created and before it is built.
 		 * @property {?Function} onShaderError - A callback function that is executed when a shader error happens. Only supported with WebGL 2 right now.
 		 * @property {Function} getShaderAsync - Allows the get the raw shader code for the given scene, camera and 3D object.
-		 * @property {string} view - Debug view. `shaderComplexity`, `lightingComplexity`, `quadOverdraw`, and `shaderComplexityAndQuads` replace the shaded color with a heatmap. `shaderComplexityAndQuads` multiplies the shader cost by the overdraw count. `bufferVisualization` shows one material channel. `lightingOnly` and `detailLighting` light a flat gray surface. `drawCall` lights each submitted draw with its own diffuse color.
+		 * @property {string} view - Debug view. `shaderComplexity`, `lightingComplexity`, `overdraw`, and `shaderComplexityAndOverdraw` replace the shaded color with a heatmap. `shaderComplexityAndOverdraw` multiplies the shader cost by the overdraw count. `bufferVisualization` shows one material channel. `lightingOnly` and `detailLighting` light a flat gray surface. `drawCall` lights each submitted draw with its own diffuse color. `frontBackFace` draws both windings and tints the side facing the camera. `shadowCaster` lights a mesh green when it casts shadows and gray when it does not. `doubleSide` lights a single-sided surface gray, a visible double-sided back face blue, and a hidden double-sided back face red.
 		 * @property {string} buffer - Channel drawn by `bufferVisualization`: `baseColor`, `worldNormal`, `roughness`, `metallic`, `ambientOcclusion`, or `emissive`.
 		 * @property {number} shaderComplexityBudget - Proxy budget that fills the shader-complexity ramp.
 		 * @property {number} quadOverdrawBudget - Overlapping fragments that fill the quad-overdraw ramp.
@@ -64426,6 +64810,8 @@ class Renderer {
 			buffer: DEFAULT_BUFFER,
 			shaderComplexityBudget: DEFAULT_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_BUDGET,
 			quadOverdrawBudget: DEFAULT_QUAD_OVERDRAW_BUDGET,
+			doubleSideHidden: false,
+			doubleSideBack: false,
 			// !WITH_GENESYS
 			getShaderAsync: async ( scene, camera, object ) => {
 
@@ -65646,6 +66032,10 @@ class Renderer {
 		if ( this.opaque === true && opaqueObjects.length > 0 ) this._renderObjects( opaqueObjects, camera, sceneRef, lightsNode );
 		if ( this.transparent === true && transparentObjects.length > 0 ) this._renderTransparents( transparentObjects, transparentDoublePassObjects, camera, sceneRef, lightsNode );
 
+		// WITH_GENESYS
+		this._renderDoubleSideHidden( opaqueObjects, transparentObjects, camera, sceneRef, lightsNode );
+		// !WITH_GENESYS
+
 		// finish render pass
 
 		this.backend.finishRender( renderContext );
@@ -66363,7 +66753,8 @@ class Renderer {
 
 		// WITH_GENESYS
 		// Accumulating views write a scalar into an intermediate target, then the output pass colorizes it.
-		return useToneMapping || useColorSpace || debugViewAccumulates( this.debug.view );
+		// Only screen output needs one. An off-screen target, such as a scene pass, already is the target.
+		return useToneMapping || useColorSpace || ( debugViewAccumulates( this.debug.view ) && this.isOutputTarget );
 		// !WITH_GENESYS
 		// return useToneMapping || useColorSpace;
 
@@ -66417,9 +66808,7 @@ class Renderer {
 	get currentToneMapping() {
 
 		// WITH_GENESYS
-		const view = this.debug.view;
-
-		if ( view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY || view === DEBUG_VIEW_SHADER_COMPLEXITY_AND_QUADS || view === DEBUG_VIEW_LIGHTING_COMPLEXITY || view === DEBUG_VIEW_QUAD_OVERDRAW || view === DEBUG_VIEW_BUFFER ) {
+		if ( debugViewSkipsToneMapping( this.debug.view ) ) {
 
 			return NoToneMapping;
 
@@ -67217,6 +67606,82 @@ class Renderer {
 
 	}
 
+	// WITH_GENESYS
+	/**
+	 * Paints a double-sided mesh red where its own front face is the nearest surface and the
+	 * mesh has faces pointing the other way. A different mesh in front keeps its own color.
+	 * A flat card has no opposing faces, so it stays gray or blue. A shadow pass is left alone.
+	 *
+	 * @private
+	 * @param {Array<Object>} opaqueObjects - The opaque render list.
+	 * @param {Array<Object>} transparentObjects - The transparent render list.
+	 * @param {Camera} camera - The camera.
+	 * @param {Scene} scene - The scene.
+	 * @param {LightsNode} lightsNode - The current lights node.
+	 */
+	_renderDoubleSideHidden( opaqueObjects, transparentObjects, camera, scene, lightsNode ) {
+
+		if ( this.debug.view !== DEBUG_VIEW_DOUBLE_SIDE ) return;
+
+		if ( scene.overrideMaterial !== null && scene.overrideMaterial.isShadowPassMaterial === true ) return;
+
+		const list = [];
+		const saved = new Map();
+
+		const collect = ( objects ) => {
+
+			for ( let i = 0, l = objects.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
+
+				const entry = objects[ i ];
+				const material = entry.material;
+				const geometry = entry.object.geometry;
+
+				if ( entry.object.isMesh !== true || material.side !== DoubleSide || material.isShadowPassMaterial === true ) continue;
+
+				if ( geometry === undefined || meshCanHideOwnBack( geometry ) !== true ) continue;
+
+				list.push( entry );
+
+				if ( saved.has( material ) ) continue;
+
+				saved.set( material, {
+					side: material.side,
+					depthFunc: material.depthFunc,
+					depthWrite: material.depthWrite
+				} );
+
+			}
+
+		};
+
+		collect( opaqueObjects );
+		collect( transparentObjects );
+
+		if ( list.length === 0 ) return;
+
+		for ( const material of saved.keys() ) {
+
+			material.side = FrontSide;
+			material.depthFunc = EqualDepth;
+			material.depthWrite = false;
+
+		}
+
+		this.debug.doubleSideHidden = true;
+		this._renderObjects( list, camera, scene, lightsNode, 'doubleSideHidden' );
+		this.debug.doubleSideHidden = false;
+
+		for ( const [ material, state ] of saved ) {
+
+			material.side = state.side;
+			material.depthFunc = state.depthFunc;
+			material.depthWrite = state.depthWrite;
+
+		}
+
+	}
+	// !WITH_GENESYS
+
 	/**
 	 * Renders the transparent objects from the given render lists.
 	 *
@@ -72498,7 +72963,7 @@ class WebGLState {
 
 	}
 
-	setMRTBlending( textures, mrt, material ) {
+	setMRTBlending( textures, mrt, material, object = null ) {
 
 		const gl = this.gl;
 		const drawBuffersIndexedExt = this.backend.drawBuffersIndexedExt;
@@ -72511,6 +72976,24 @@ class WebGLState {
 
 		}
 
+		// WITH_GENESYS
+		// Every attachment matches the single-target path. Opaque material blending would replace a sum that should add.
+		if ( debugDrawAccumulates( this.backend.renderer, material, object ) ) {
+
+			const dst = debugDrawReplacesCost( this.backend.renderer.debug.view, material ) ? gl.ZERO : gl.ONE;
+
+			for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {
+
+				drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendEquationSeparateiOES( i, gl.FUNC_ADD, gl.FUNC_ADD );
+				drawBuffersIndexedExt.blendFuncSeparateiOES( i, gl.ONE, dst, gl.ONE, gl.ZERO );
+
+			}
+
+			return;
+
+		}
+		// !WITH_GENESYS
+
 		for ( let i = 0; i < textures.length; i ++ ) {
 
 			const texture = textures[ i ];
@@ -73133,14 +73616,22 @@ class WebGLState {
 	 * @param {Material} material - The material to configure the state for.
 	 * @param {number} frontFaceCW - Whether the front faces are counter-clockwise or not.
 	 * @param {number} hardwareClippingPlanes - The number of hardware clipping planes.
+	 * @param {?Object3D} [object=null] - The object being drawn. Used by the accumulating debug views.
 	 */
-	setMaterial( material, frontFaceCW, hardwareClippingPlanes ) {
+	setMaterial( material, frontFaceCW, hardwareClippingPlanes, object = null ) {
 
 		const { gl } = this;
 
-		material.side === DoubleSide
+		// WITH_GENESYS
+		const drawBothSides = material.side === DoubleSide || ( this.backend.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_FRONT_BACK_FACE && material.isShadowPassMaterial !== true );
+
+		drawBothSides
 			? this.disable( gl.CULL_FACE )
 			: this.enable( gl.CULL_FACE );
+		// !WITH_GENESYS
+		// material.side === DoubleSide
+		// 	? this.disable( gl.CULL_FACE )
+		// 	: this.enable( gl.CULL_FACE );
 
 		let flipSided = ( material.side === BackSide );
 		if ( frontFaceCW ) flipSided = ! flipSided;
@@ -73148,10 +73639,13 @@ class WebGLState {
 		this.setFlipSided( flipSided );
 
 		// WITH_GENESYS
-		// WebGL has no cached render pipeline. One+One is applied on each draw instead.
-		if ( debugViewAccumulates( this.backend.renderer.debug.view ) && material.isShadowPassMaterial !== true && this.backend.renderer.isOutputTarget !== true ) {
+		// WebGL has no cached render pipeline. The accumulate blend is applied on each draw instead.
+		// Alpha is replaced so it stays coverage, as in a shaded pass, for later compositing.
+		if ( debugDrawAccumulates( this.backend.renderer, material, object ) ) {
+
+			const dstFactor = debugDrawReplacesCost( this.backend.renderer.debug.view, material ) ? ZeroFactor : OneFactor;
 
-			this.setBlending( AdditiveBlending, AddEquation, OneFactor, OneFactor, AddEquation, OneFactor, OneFactor, material.blendColor, material.blendAlpha, true );
+			this.setBlending( CustomBlending, AddEquation, OneFactor, dstFactor, AddEquation, OneFactor, ZeroFactor, material.blendColor, material.blendAlpha, true );
 
 		} else if ( material.blending === NormalBlending && material.transparent === false ) {
 
@@ -77399,11 +77893,17 @@ class WebGLBackend extends Backend {
 
 		const frontFaceCW = ( object.isMesh && object.matrixWorld.determinantAffine() < 0 );
 
-		state.setMaterial( material, frontFaceCW, hardwareClippingPlanes );
+		// WITH_GENESYS
+		state.setMaterial( material, frontFaceCW, hardwareClippingPlanes, object );
+		// !WITH_GENESYS
+		// state.setMaterial( material, frontFaceCW, hardwareClippingPlanes );
 
 		if ( context.mrt !== null && context.textures !== null ) {
 
-			state.setMRTBlending( context.textures, context.mrt, material );
+			// WITH_GENESYS
+			state.setMRTBlending( context.textures, context.mrt, material, object );
+			// !WITH_GENESYS
+			// state.setMRTBlending( context.textures, context.mrt, material );
 
 		}
 
@@ -87853,18 +88353,22 @@ class WebGPUPipelineUtils {
 		}
 
 		// WITH_GENESYS
-		// Accumulate shader cost with One+One. Opaque materials normally disable blending.
-		if ( debugViewAccumulates( backend.renderer.debug.view ) && material.isShadowPassMaterial !== true && backend.renderer.isOutputTarget !== true ) {
+		// Quad overdraw and translucent shader complexity add. Opaque shader complexity replaces
+		// the stored cost, so the nearest surface wins without a depth pre-pass.
+		// Alpha is replaced so it stays coverage, as in a shaded pass, for later compositing.
+		if ( debugDrawAccumulates( backend.renderer, material, object ) ) {
+
+			const replaceCost = debugDrawReplacesCost( backend.renderer.debug.view, material );
 
 			materialBlending = {
 				color: {
 					srcFactor: GPUBlendFactor.One,
-					dstFactor: GPUBlendFactor.One,
+					dstFactor: replaceCost ? GPUBlendFactor.Zero : GPUBlendFactor.One,
 					operation: GPUBlendOperation.Add
 				},
 				alpha: {
 					srcFactor: GPUBlendFactor.One,
-					dstFactor: GPUBlendFactor.One,
+					dstFactor: GPUBlendFactor.Zero,
 					operation: GPUBlendOperation.Add
 				}
 			};
@@ -88685,7 +89189,12 @@ class WebGPUPipelineUtils {
 
 		//
 
-		descriptor.cullMode = ( material.side === DoubleSide ) ? GPUCullMode.None : GPUCullMode.Back;
+		// WITH_GENESYS
+		// Front/back face draws both windings. Depth still hides a face behind the shell.
+		const drawBothSides = material.side === DoubleSide || ( this.backend.renderer.debug.view === DEBUG_VIEW_FRONT_BACK_FACE && material.isShadowPassMaterial !== true );
+		descriptor.cullMode = drawBothSides ? GPUCullMode.None : GPUCullMode.Back;
+		// !WITH_GENESYS
+		// descriptor.cullMode = ( material.side === DoubleSide ) ? GPUCullMode.None : GPUCullMode.Back;
 
 		return descriptor;
 
@@ -92932,6 +93441,8 @@ class BundleGroup extends Group {
 
 }
 
+// !WITH_GENESYS
+
 /**
  * This module is responsible to manage the rendering pipeline setups in apps.
  * You usually create a single instance of this class and use it to define
@@ -93066,7 +93577,12 @@ class RenderPipeline {
 		const outputColorSpace = renderer.outputColorSpace;
 
 		renderer.toneMapping = NoToneMapping;
-		renderer.outputColorSpace = ColorManagement.workingColorSpace;
+
+		// WITH_GENESYS
+		// Accumulating views colorize in the renderer's output pass, which must still encode the color space.
+		if ( debugViewAccumulates( renderer.debug.view ) !== true ) renderer.outputColorSpace = ColorManagement.workingColorSpace;
+		// !WITH_GENESYS
+		// renderer.outputColorSpace = ColorManagement.workingColorSpace;
 
 		//
 
@@ -93142,19 +93658,40 @@ class RenderPipeline {
 	 */
 	_update() {
 
-		if ( this._toneMapping !== this.renderer.toneMapping ) {
+		// WITH_GENESYS
+		// Debug views drawn without tone mapping must match the direct path. An accumulating
+		// view copies the raw ratio here, and the renderer's output pass colorizes it.
+		const view = this.renderer.debug.view;
+		const toneMapping = debugViewSkipsToneMapping( view ) ? NoToneMapping : this.renderer.toneMapping;
+		const outputColorSpace = debugViewAccumulates( view ) ? ColorManagement.workingColorSpace : this.renderer.outputColorSpace;
+
+		if ( this._toneMapping !== toneMapping ) {
 
-			this._toneMapping = this.renderer.toneMapping;
+			this._toneMapping = toneMapping;
 			this.needsUpdate = true;
 
 		}
 
-		if ( this._outputColorSpace !== this.renderer.outputColorSpace ) {
+		if ( this._outputColorSpace !== outputColorSpace ) {
 
-			this._outputColorSpace = this.renderer.outputColorSpace;
+			this._outputColorSpace = outputColorSpace;
 			this.needsUpdate = true;
 
 		}
+		// !WITH_GENESYS
+		// if ( this._toneMapping !== this.renderer.toneMapping ) {
+		//
+		// 	this._toneMapping = this.renderer.toneMapping;
+		// 	this.needsUpdate = true;
+		//
+		// }
+		//
+		// if ( this._outputColorSpace !== this.renderer.outputColorSpace ) {
+		//
+		// 	this._outputColorSpace = this.renderer.outputColorSpace;
+		// 	this.needsUpdate = true;
+		//
+		// }
 
 		if ( this.needsUpdate === true ) {