@fimbul-works/vec 1.0.3 → 2.0.0

package/dist/cjs/vec3.js

@@ -0,0 +1,1045 @@
+"use strict";
+/**
+ * Documentation for 3D Vector class.
+ * @module Vec3
+ */
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.Vec3 = void 0;
+const { sin, cos, acos, atan2, sqrt, abs } = Math;
+/**
+ * Represents a 3D vector with various operations.
+ */
+class Vec3 {
+    #magnitude = 0;
+    #prevXYZ = new Float64Array([0, 0, 0]);
+    #xyz = new Float64Array(3);
+    /**
+     * Computes and updates the magnitude of the vector.
+     * @private
+     * @param {number} x - The x-component of the vector.
+     * @param {number} y - The y-component of the vector.
+     * @param {number} z - The z-component of the vector.
+     * @returns {void}
+     */
+    #computeMagnitude(x = this.#xyz[0], y = this.#xyz[1], z = this.#xyz[2]) {
+        if (x !== this.#prevXYZ[0] || y !== this.#prevXYZ[1] || z !== this.#prevXYZ[2]) {
+            this.#magnitude = sqrt(x ** 2 + y ** 2 + z ** 2);
+            this.#prevXYZ[0] = x;
+            this.#prevXYZ[1] = y;
+            this.#prevXYZ[2] = z;
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Creates a new Vec3 instance.
+     * @param {number} x - The x-coordinate of the vector.
+     * @param {number} y - The y-coordinate of the vector.
+     * @param {number} z - The z-coordinate of the vector.
+     */
+    constructor(x = 0, y = 0, z = 0) {
+        this.#xyz[0] = x;
+        this.#xyz[1] = y;
+        this.#xyz[2] = z;
+        this.#computeMagnitude(x, y, z);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Adds two vectors.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The first vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} w - The second vector.
+     * @returns {Vec3} A new Vec3 instance representing the sum.
+     */
+    static add(v, w) {
+        return new Vec3(v.#xyz[0] + w.#xyz[0], v.#xyz[1] + w.#xyz[1], v.#xyz[2] + w.#xyz[2]);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Subtracts one vector from another.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The vector to subtract from.
+     * @param {Vec3} w - The vector to subtract.
+     * @returns {Vec3} A new Vec3 instance representing the difference.
+     */
+    static subtract(v, w) {
+        return new Vec3(v.#xyz[0] - w.#xyz[0], v.#xyz[1] - w.#xyz[1], v.#xyz[2] - w.#xyz[2]);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Multiplies one vector with another.
+     * @param v - The first vector.
+     * @param w - The second vector.
+     * @returns A new Vec3 instance representing the multiplied value.
+     */
+    static multiply(v, w) {
+        return new Vec3(v.x * w.x, v.y * w.y, v.z * w.z);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Divides one vector with another.
+     * @param v - Divident.
+     * @param w - Divisor.
+     * @returns A new Vec3 instance representing the divided value.
+     */
+    static divide(v, w) {
+        return new Vec3(w.x === 0 ? Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY : v.x / w.x, w.y === 0 ? Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY : v.y / w.y, v.z === 0 ? Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY : v.z / w.z);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the angle between two vectors.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The first vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} w - The second vector.
+     * @returns {number} The angle between the vectors in radians.
+     */
+    static angleBetween(v, w) {
+        return acos((v.#xyz[0] * w.#xyz[0] + v.#xyz[1] * w.#xyz[1] + v.#xyz[2] * w.#xyz[2]) / (v.#magnitude * w.#magnitude));
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the cross product of two vectors.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The first vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} w - The second vector.
+     * @returns {Vec3} The cross product of the two vectors.
+     */
+    static cross(v, w) {
+        const vX = v.#xyz[0];
+        const vY = v.#xyz[1];
+        const vZ = v.#xyz[2];
+        const wX = w.#xyz[0];
+        const wY = w.#xyz[1];
+        const wZ = w.#xyz[2];
+        return new Vec3(vY * wZ - vZ * wY, vZ * wX - vX * wZ, vX * wY - vY * wX);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Reflects a vector across a normal vector.
+     * The normal vector should be normalized (unit length).
+     * @param v - The vector to reflect.
+     * @param normal - The normal vector to reflect across (must be normalized).
+     * @returns A new Vec3 instance representing the reflected vector.
+     */
+    static reflect(v, normal) {
+        // R = V - 2(V·N)N
+        const dot = v.#xyz[0] * normal.#xyz[0] + v.#xyz[1] * normal.#xyz[1] + v.#xyz[2] * normal.#xyz[2];
+        return new Vec3(v.#xyz[0] - 2 * dot * normal.#xyz[0], v.#xyz[1] - 2 * dot * normal.#xyz[1], v.#xyz[2] - 2 * dot * normal.#xyz[2]);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the Euclidean distance between two vectors.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The first vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} w - The second vector.
+     * @returns {number} The distance between the vectors.
+     */
+    static distance(v, w) {
+        return sqrt((v.#xyz[0] - w.#xyz[0]) ** 2 + (v.#xyz[1] - w.#xyz[1]) ** 2 + (v.#xyz[2] - w.#xyz[2]) ** 2);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the Chebyshev distance between two vectors.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The first vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} w - The second vector.
+     * @returns {number} The Chebyshev distance between the vectors.
+     */
+    static distanceChebyshev(v, w) {
+        const absX = abs(v.#xyz[0] - w.#xyz[0]);
+        const absY = abs(v.#xyz[1] - w.#xyz[1]);
+        const absZ = abs(v.#xyz[2] - w.#xyz[2]);
+        return absX >= absY && absX >= absZ ? absX : absY >= absZ ? absY : absZ;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the Manhattan distance between two vectors.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The first vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} w - The second vector.
+     * @returns {number} The Manhattan distance between the vectors.
+     */
+    static distanceManhattan(v, w) {
+        return abs(v.#xyz[0] - w.#xyz[0]) + abs(v.#xyz[1] - w.#xyz[1]) + abs(v.#xyz[2] - w.#xyz[2]);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the Minkowski distance between two vectors.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The first vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} w - The second vector.
+     * @param {number} p - The order of the Minkowski distance.
+     * @returns {number} The Minkowski distance between the vectors.
+     */
+    static distanceMinkowski(v, w, p) {
+        return ((abs(v.#xyz[0] - w.#xyz[0]) ** p + abs(v.#xyz[1] - w.#xyz[1]) ** p + abs(v.#xyz[2] - w.#xyz[2]) ** p) ** (1 / p));
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the squared Euclidean distance between two vectors.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The first vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} w - The second vector.
+     * @returns {number} The squared distance between the vectors.
+     */
+    static distanceSq(v, w) {
+        return (v.#xyz[0] - w.#xyz[0]) ** 2 + (v.#xyz[1] - w.#xyz[1]) ** 2 + (v.#xyz[2] - w.#xyz[2]) ** 2;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the dot product of two vectors.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The first vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} w - The second vector.
+     * @returns {number} The dot product of the two vectors.
+     */
+    static dot(v, w) {
+        return v.#xyz[0] * w.#xyz[0] + v.#xyz[1] * w.#xyz[1] + v.#xyz[2] * w.#xyz[2];
+    }
+    /**
+     * Creates a Vec3 from cylindrical coordinates.
+     * @param {number} r - Radial distance from the z-axis
+     * @param {number} phi - Azimuthal angle in the x-y plane from the x-axis
+     * @param {number} z - Height above the x-y plane
+     * @returns {Vec3} New Vec3 instance
+     */
+    static fromCylindricalCoords(r, phi, z) {
+        return new Vec3(r * cos(phi), r * sin(phi), z);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Creates a Vec3 from spherical coordinates.
+     * @param {number} r - Radial distance from origin
+     * @param {number} theta - Polar angle from the z-axis
+     * @param {number} phi - Azimuthal angle in the x-y plane from the x-axis
+     * @returns {Vec3} New Vec3 instance
+     */
+    static fromSphericalCoords(r, theta, phi) {
+        return new Vec3(r * sin(theta) * cos(phi), r * sin(theta) * sin(phi), r * cos(theta));
+    }
+    /**
+     * Creates an immutable Vec3-like object.
+     * @param {number} x - The x-coordinate of the vector.
+     * @param {number} y - The y-coordinate of the vector.
+     * @param {number} z - The z-coordinate of the vector.
+     * @returns {Readonly<{ x: number; y: number; z: number; xyz: readonly number[]; r: number; g: number; b: number; rgb: readonly number[]; magnitude: number; magnitudeSq: number; angleX: number; angleY: number; angleZ: number; isInfinite: boolean; isNaN: boolean; isZero: boolean }>} An immutable object with Vec3-like properties.
+     */
+    static immutable(x = 0, y = 0, z = 0) {
+        const data = new Float64Array(10);
+        data[0] = x;
+        data[1] = y;
+        data[2] = z;
+        const xySqSum = x ** 2 + y ** 2;
+        data[4] = atan2(sqrt(y ** 2 + z ** 2), x);
+        data[5] = atan2(sqrt(z ** 2 + x ** 2), y);
+        data[6] = atan2(sqrt(xySqSum), z);
+        const magnitudeSq = xySqSum + z ** 2;
+        data[8] = sqrt(magnitudeSq);
+        data[9] = magnitudeSq;
+        const isInfinite = x === +Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY ||
+            x === Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY ||
+            y === +Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY ||
+            y === Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY ||
+            z === +Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY ||
+            z === Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
+        const _isNaN = Number.isNaN(x) && Number.isNaN(y) && Number.isNaN(z);
+        const isZero = x === 0 && y === 0 && z === 0;
+        const xyz = Object.freeze([...data.slice(0, 3)]);
+        return {
+            get x() {
+                return data[0];
+            },
+            get y() {
+                return data[1];
+            },
+            get z() {
+                return data[2];
+            },
+            get xyz() {
+                return xyz;
+            },
+            get r() {
+                return data[0];
+            },
+            get g() {
+                return data[1];
+            },
+            get b() {
+                return data[2];
+            },
+            get rgb() {
+                return xyz;
+            },
+            get magnitude() {
+                return data[8];
+            },
+            get magnitudeSq() {
+                return data[10];
+            },
+            get angleX() {
+                return data[4];
+            },
+            get angleY() {
+                return data[5];
+            },
+            get angleZ() {
+                return data[6];
+            },
+            get isInfinite() {
+                return isInfinite;
+            },
+            get isNaN() {
+                return _isNaN;
+            },
+            get isZero() {
+                return isZero;
+            },
+        };
+    }
+    /**
+     * Checks if a vector has infinite components.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The vector to check.
+     * @returns {boolean} True if the vector has infinite components, false otherwise.
+     */
+    static isInfinite(v) {
+        const x = v.#xyz[0];
+        const y = v.#xyz[1];
+        const z = v.#xyz[2];
+        return (x === +Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY ||
+            x === Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY ||
+            y === +Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY ||
+            y === Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY ||
+            z === +Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY ||
+            z === Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Checks if a vector has NaN components.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The vector to check.
+     * @returns {boolean} True if the vector has NaN components, false otherwise.
+     */
+    static isNaN(v) {
+        return Number.isNaN(v.#xyz[0]) || Number.isNaN(v.#xyz[1]) || Number.isNaN(v.#xyz[2]);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Checks if a vector is zero.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The vector to check.
+     * @returns {boolean} True if the vector is zero, false otherwise.
+     */
+    static isZero(v) {
+        return v.#xyz[0] === 0 && v.#xyz[1] === 0 && v.#xyz[2] === 0;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Performs linear interpolation between two vectors.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The first vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} w - The second vector.
+     * @param {number} t - The interpolation parameter (0 to 1).
+     * @returns {Vec3} A new Vec3 instance representing the interpolated vector.
+     */
+    static lerp(v, w, t) {
+        if (t > 1)
+            t = 1;
+        else if (t < 0)
+            t = 0;
+        const vX = v.#xyz[0];
+        const vY = v.#xyz[1];
+        const vZ = v.#xyz[2];
+        return new Vec3(vX + (w.#xyz[0] - vX) * t, vY + (w.#xyz[1] - vY) * t, vZ + (w.#xyz[2] - vZ) * t);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Negates a vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The vector to negate.
+     * @returns {Vec3} A new Vec3 instance representing the negated vector.
+     */
+    static negate(v) {
+        return new Vec3(-v.#xyz[0], -v.#xyz[1], -v.#xyz[2]);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Normalizes a vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The vector to normalize.
+     * @returns {Vec3} A new Vec3 instance representing the normalized vector.
+     */
+    static normalize(v) {
+        const m = v.#magnitude;
+        return new Vec3(v.#xyz[0] / m, v.#xyz[1] / m, v.#xyz[2] / m);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Projects one vector onto another.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The vector to project.
+     * @param {Vec3} w - The vector to project onto.
+     * @returns {Vec3} A new Vec3 instance representing the projected vector.
+     */
+    static project(v, w) {
+        const vM = v.#magnitude;
+        const wM = w.#magnitude;
+        const wX = w.#xyz[0];
+        const wY = w.#xyz[1];
+        const wZ = w.#xyz[2];
+        const f = vM * cos(acos((v.#xyz[0] * wX + v.#xyz[1] * wY + v.#xyz[2] * wZ) / (vM * wM)));
+        return new Vec3((wX / wM) * f, (wY / wM) * f, (wZ / wM) * f);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Creates a random unit vector.
+     * @param {() => number} random - A function that returns a random number between 0 and 1.
+     * @returns {Vec3} A new Vec3 instance representing a random unit vector.
+     */
+    static random(random = Math.random) {
+        return Vec3.fromSphericalCoords(Math.acos(2 * random() - 1), random() * Math.PI * 2, 1);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Checks if two vectors are equal.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The first vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} w - The second vector.
+     * @returns {boolean} True if the vectors are equal, false otherwise.
+     */
+    static satisfyEquality(v, w) {
+        return v.#xyz[0] === w.#xyz[0] && v.#xyz[1] === w.#xyz[1] && v.#xyz[2] === w.#xyz[2];
+    }
+    /**
+     * Checks if two vectors are opposite.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The first vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} w - The second vector.
+     * @returns {boolean} True if the vectors are opposite, false otherwise.
+     */
+    static satisfyOpposition(v, w) {
+        return v.#xyz[0] === -w.#xyz[0] && v.#xyz[1] === -w.#xyz[1] && v.#xyz[2] === -w.#xyz[2];
+    }
+    /**
+     * Compares a vector with another vector using an epsilon value for floating-point comparison.
+     * @param v - The first vector.
+     * @param w - The second vector.
+     * @param epsilon - The maximum difference between components to consider them equal.
+     * @returns True if the vectors are equal within epsilon, false otherwise.
+     */
+    static equals(v, w, epsilon = Number.EPSILON) {
+        return (abs(v.#xyz[0] - w.#xyz[0]) <= epsilon &&
+            abs(v.#xyz[1] - w.#xyz[1]) <= epsilon &&
+            abs(v.#xyz[2] - w.#xyz[2]) <= epsilon);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Scales a vector by a scalar value.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The vector to scale.
+     * @param {number} c - The scalar value.
+     * @returns {Vec3} A new Vec3 instance representing the scaled vector.
+     */
+    static scale(v, c) {
+        return new Vec3(v.#xyz[0] * c, v.#xyz[1] * c, v.#xyz[2] * c);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Creates a zero vector.
+     * @returns {Vec3} A new Vec3 instance representing a zero vector.
+     */
+    static zero() {
+        return new Vec3();
+    }
+    /**
+     * Creates a vector with all components set to 1.0.
+     * @returns A new Vec3 instance representing a vector with all components set to 1.0.
+     */
+    static one() {
+        return new Vec3(1, 1, 1);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Creates a Vec3 from an array.
+     * @param {[number, number, number] | number[]} arr - An array containing the x, y, and z coordinates.
+     * @returns {Vec3} A new Vec3 instance.
+     */
+    static fromArray(arr) {
+        return new Vec3(arr[0] ?? 0, arr[1] ?? 0, arr[2] ?? 0);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Creates a Vec3 from an object with x, y and z properties.
+     * @param {{ x: number; y: number; z: number }} obj - An object with x, y, and z properties.
+     * @returns {Vec3} A new Vec3 instance.
+     */
+    static fromObject(obj) {
+        return new Vec3(obj.x, obj.y, obj.z);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Creates a Vec3 instance from a JSON-parsed object.
+     * @param json - The JSON-parsed object containing x and y properties.
+     * @returns A new Vec3 instance.
+     */
+    static fromJSON(json) {
+        return Vec3.fromObject(json);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Gets the x-component of the vector.
+     * @returns {number} The x-component.
+     */
+    get x() {
+        return this.#xyz[0];
+    }
+    /**
+     * Sets the x-component of the vector.
+     * @param {number} x - The new x-component.
+     * @returns {void}
+     */
+    set x(x) {
+        this.#xyz[0] = x;
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+    }
+    /**
+     * Gets the y-component of the vector.
+     * @returns {number} The y-component.
+     */
+    get y() {
+        return this.#xyz[1];
+    }
+    /**
+     * Sets the y-component of the vector.
+     * @param {number} y - The new y-component.
+     * @returns {void}
+     */
+    set y(y) {
+        this.#xyz[1] = y;
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+    }
+    /**
+     * Gets the z-component of the vector.
+     * @returns {number} The z-component.
+     */
+    get z() {
+        return this.#xyz[2];
+    }
+    /**
+     * Sets the z-component of the vector.
+     * @param {number} z - The new z-component.
+     * @returns {void}
+     */
+    set z(z) {
+        this.#xyz[2] = z;
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+    }
+    /**
+     * Gets a copy of the vector's components as an array.
+     * @returns {[number, number, number]} An array containing the x, y and z components of the vector.
+     */
+    get xyz() {
+        return Array.from(this.#xyz.slice());
+    }
+    /**
+     * Sets all components of the vector at once.
+     * @param {[number, number, number]} xyz - An array containing the new x, y and z components.
+     * @returns {void}
+     */
+    set xyz(xyz) {
+        this.#xyz[0] = xyz[0];
+        this.#xyz[1] = xyz[1];
+        this.#xyz[2] = xyz[2];
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+    }
+    /**
+     * Gets the Red-component of a Color.
+     * @returns {number} The Red-component.
+     */
+    get r() {
+        return this.x;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Sets the Red-component of a Color.
+     * @param {number} r - The new Red-component.
+     * @returns {void}
+     */
+    set r(r) {
+        this.x = r;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Gets the Green-component of a Color.
+     * @returns {number} The Green-component.
+     */
+    get g() {
+        return this.y;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Sets the Green-component of the Color.
+     * @param {number} g - The new Green-component.
+     * @returns {void}
+     */
+    set g(g) {
+        this.y = g;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Gets the Blue-component of the color.
+     * @returns {number} The Blue-component.
+     */
+    get b() {
+        return this.z;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Sets the Blue-component of the Color.
+     * @param {number} b - The new Blue-component.
+     * @returns {void}
+     */
+    set b(b) {
+        this.z = b;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Gets a copy of the vector's components as an array.
+     * @returns {[number, number, number]} An array containing the x, y and z components of the vector.
+     */
+    get rgb() {
+        return this.xyz;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Sets all components of the Color at once.
+     * @param {[number, number, number]} rgb - An array containing the new Red, Green and Blue components.
+     * @returns {void}
+     */
+    set rgb(rgb) {
+        this.xyz = rgb;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Gets the angle between the vector and the positive x-axis in radians.
+     * @returns The angle in radians, always in the range [0, 2π).
+     */
+    get angleX() {
+        return atan2(sqrt(this.#xyz[1] ** 2 + this.#xyz[2] ** 2), this.#xyz[0]);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Gets the angle between the vector and the positive y-axis in radians.
+     * @returns The angle in radians, always in the range [0, 2π).
+     */
+    get angleY() {
+        return atan2(sqrt(this.#xyz[2] ** 2 + this.#xyz[0] ** 2), this.#xyz[1]);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Gets the angle between the vector and the positive z-axis in radians.
+     * @returns The angle in radians, always in the range [0, 2π).
+     */
+    get angleZ() {
+        return atan2(sqrt(this.#xyz[0] ** 2 + this.#xyz[1] ** 2), this.#xyz[2]);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Sets the magnitude (length) of the vector, maintaining its direction.
+     * @param m - The new magnitude.
+     */
+    get magnitude() {
+        return this.#magnitude;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Gets the squared magnitude of the vector.
+     * This is faster to compute than the actual magnitude and is useful for comparisons.
+     * @returns The squared magnitude of the vector.
+     */
+    get magnitudeSq() {
+        return this.#magnitude ** 2;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Sets the magnitude (length) of the vector, maintaining its direction.
+     * @param m - The new magnitude.
+     */
+    set magnitude(m) {
+        const M = this.#magnitude;
+        this.#xyz[0] = (this.#xyz[0] / M) * m;
+        this.#xyz[1] = (this.#xyz[1] / M) * m;
+        this.#xyz[2] = (this.#xyz[2] / M) * m;
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+    }
+    /**
+     * Adds another vector to this vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The vector to add.
+     * @returns {this} This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    add(v) {
+        this.#xyz[0] += v.#xyz[0];
+        this.#xyz[1] += v.#xyz[1];
+        this.#xyz[2] += v.#xyz[2];
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Subtracts another vector from this vector.
+     * @param v - The vector to subtract.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    subtract(v) {
+        this.#xyz[0] -= v.#xyz[0];
+        this.#xyz[1] -= v.#xyz[1];
+        this.#xyz[2] -= v.#xyz[2];
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Multiplies this vector with another vector.
+     * @param v - The vector to multiply with.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    multiply(v) {
+        this.#xyz[0] *= v.#xyz[0];
+        this.#xyz[1] *= v.#xyz[1];
+        this.#xyz[2] *= v.#xyz[2];
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Divides this vector with another vector.
+     * @param v - The vector to divide with.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    divide(v) {
+        this.#xyz[0] = v.#xyz[0] === 0 ? Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY : this.#xyz[0] / v.#xyz[0];
+        this.#xyz[1] = v.#xyz[1] === 0 ? Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY : this.#xyz[1] / v.#xyz[1];
+        this.#xyz[2] = v.#xyz[2] === 0 ? Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY : this.#xyz[2] / v.#xyz[2];
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the angle between this vector and another vector.
+     * @param v - The other vector.
+     * @returns The angle between the vectors in radians.
+     */
+    angleBetween(v) {
+        return acos((this.#xyz[0] * v.#xyz[0] + this.#xyz[1] * v.#xyz[1] + this.#xyz[2] * v.#xyz[2]) /
+            (this.#magnitude * v.#magnitude));
+    }
+    /**
+     * Clamps the magnitude of this vector between a minimum and maximum value.
+     * @param min - The minimum magnitude.
+     * @param max - The maximum magnitude.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    clamp(min, max) {
+        const m = this.#magnitude;
+        if (m > max) {
+            this.#xyz[0] = (this.#xyz[0] / m) * max;
+            this.#xyz[1] = (this.#xyz[1] / m) * max;
+            this.#xyz[2] = (this.#xyz[2] / m) * max;
+            this.#computeMagnitude();
+        }
+        else if (m < min) {
+            this.#xyz[0] = (this.#xyz[0] / m) * min;
+            this.#xyz[1] = (this.#xyz[1] / m) * min;
+            this.#xyz[2] = (this.#xyz[2] / m) * min;
+            this.#computeMagnitude();
+        }
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Creates a copy of this vector.
+     * @returns {Vec3} A new Vec3 instance with the same components.
+     */
+    clone() {
+        return new Vec3(this.#xyz[0], this.#xyz[1], this.#xyz[2]);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Copies the components of another vector to this vector.
+     * @param v - The vector to copy from.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    copy(v) {
+        this.#xyz[0] = v.#xyz[0];
+        this.#xyz[1] = v.#xyz[1];
+        this.#xyz[2] = v.#xyz[2];
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the dot product of this vector with another vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The other vector.
+     * @returns {number} The dot product of the vectors.
+     */
+    dot(v) {
+        return this.#xyz[0] * v.#xyz[0] + this.#xyz[1] * v.#xyz[1] + this.#xyz[2] * v.#xyz[2];
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates cross product between this vector and another vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The other vector.
+     * @returns {this} This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    cross(v) {
+        const x = this.#xyz[0];
+        const y = this.#xyz[1];
+        const z = this.#xyz[2];
+        const vX = v.#xyz[0];
+        const vY = v.#xyz[1];
+        const vZ = v.#xyz[2];
+        this.#xyz[0] = y * vZ - z * vY;
+        this.#xyz[1] = z * vX - x * vZ;
+        this.#xyz[2] = x * vY - y * vX;
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Reflects this vector across a normal vector.
+     * The normal vector should be normalized (unit length).
+     * @param normal - The normal vector to reflect across (must be normalized).
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    reflect(normal) {
+        const dot = this.#xyz[0] * normal.#xyz[0] + this.#xyz[1] * normal.#xyz[1] + this.#xyz[2] * normal.#xyz[2];
+        this.#xyz[0] -= 2 * dot * normal.#xyz[0];
+        this.#xyz[1] -= 2 * dot * normal.#xyz[1];
+        this.#xyz[2] -= 2 * dot * normal.#xyz[2];
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the distance between this vector and another vector.
+     * @param v - The other vector.
+     * @returns The distance between the vectors.
+     */
+    distance(v) {
+        return sqrt((this.#xyz[0] - v.#xyz[0]) ** 2 + (this.#xyz[1] - v.#xyz[1]) ** 2 + (this.#xyz[2] - v.#xyz[2]) ** 2);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the Chebyshev distance between vector and another vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The other vector.
+     * @returns {number} The Chebyshev distance between the vectors.
+     */
+    distanceChebyshev(v) {
+        const absX = abs(this.#xyz[0] - v.#xyz[0]);
+        const absY = abs(this.#xyz[1] - v.#xyz[1]);
+        const absZ = abs(this.#xyz[2] - v.#xyz[2]);
+        return absX >= absY && absX >= absZ ? absX : absY >= absZ ? absY : absZ;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the Manhattan distance between vector and another vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The other vector.
+     * @returns {number} The Manhattan distance between the vectors.
+     */
+    distanceManhattan(v) {
+        return abs(this.#xyz[0] - v.#xyz[0]) + abs(this.#xyz[1] - v.#xyz[1]) + abs(this.#xyz[2] - v.#xyz[2]);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the Minkowski distance between this vector and another vector.
+     * @param {Vec3} v - The other vector.
+     * @param {number} p - The order of the Minkowski distance.
+     * @returns {number} The Minkowski distance between the vectors.
+     */
+    distanceMinkowski(v, p) {
+        return ((abs(this.#xyz[0] - v.#xyz[0]) ** p + abs(this.#xyz[1] - v.#xyz[1]) ** p + abs(this.#xyz[2] - v.#xyz[2]) ** p) **
+            (1 / p));
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculates the squared distance between this vector and another vector.
+     * @param v - The other vector.
+     * @returns The squared distance between the vectors.
+     */
+    distanceSq(v) {
+        return (this.#xyz[0] - v.#xyz[0]) ** 2 + (this.#xyz[1] - v.#xyz[1]) ** 2 + (this.#xyz[2] - v.#xyz[2]) ** 2;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Checks if this vector has infinite components.
+     * @returns True if the vector has infinite components, false otherwise.
+     */
+    isInfinite() {
+        const x = this.#xyz[0];
+        const y = this.#xyz[1];
+        const z = this.#xyz[2];
+        return (x === +Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY ||
+            x === Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY ||
+            y === +Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY ||
+            y === Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY ||
+            z === +Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY ||
+            z === Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Checks if this vector has NaN components.
+     * @returns True if the vector has NaN components, false otherwise.
+     */
+    isNaN() {
+        return Number.isNaN(this.#xyz[0]) || Number.isNaN(this.#xyz[1]) || Number.isNaN(this.#xyz[2]);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Checks if this vector is zero.
+     * @returns True if the vector is zero, false otherwise.
+     */
+    isZero() {
+        return this.#xyz[0] === 0 && this.#xyz[1] === 0 && this.#xyz[2] === 0;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Limits the maximum magnitude of this vector.
+     * @param max - The maximum magnitude.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    limitMax(max) {
+        const m = this.#magnitude;
+        if (m > max) {
+            this.#xyz[0] = (this.#xyz[0] / m) * max;
+            this.#xyz[1] = (this.#xyz[1] / m) * max;
+            this.#xyz[2] = (this.#xyz[2] / m) * max;
+            this.#computeMagnitude();
+        }
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Limits the minimum magnitude of this vector.
+     * @param min - The minimum magnitude.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    limitMin(min) {
+        const m = this.#magnitude;
+        if (m < min) {
+            this.#xyz[0] = (this.#xyz[0] / m) * min;
+            this.#xyz[1] = (this.#xyz[1] / m) * min;
+            this.#xyz[2] = (this.#xyz[2] / m) * min;
+            this.#computeMagnitude();
+        }
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Sets this vector to point towards another vector.
+     * @param v - The vector to look at.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    lookAt(v) {
+        const m = this.#magnitude;
+        const vM = v.#magnitude;
+        this.#xyz[0] = (v.#xyz[0] / vM) * m;
+        this.#xyz[1] = (v.#xyz[1] / vM) * m;
+        this.#xyz[2] = (v.#xyz[2] / vM) * m;
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Negates this vector.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    negate() {
+        this.#xyz[0] *= -1;
+        this.#xyz[1] *= -1;
+        this.#xyz[2] *= -1;
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Normalizes this vector.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    normalize() {
+        const m = this.#magnitude;
+        this.#xyz[0] /= m;
+        this.#xyz[1] /= m;
+        this.#xyz[2] /= m;
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Projects this vector onto another vector.
+     * @param v - The vector to project onto.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    project(v) {
+        const m = this.#magnitude;
+        const vM = v.#magnitude;
+        const vX = v.#xyz[0];
+        const vY = v.#xyz[1];
+        const vZ = v.#xyz[2];
+        const f = m * cos(acos((this.#xyz[0] * vX + this.#xyz[1] * vY + this.#xyz[2] * vZ) / (m * vM)));
+        this.#xyz[0] = (vX / vM) * f;
+        this.#xyz[1] = (vY / vM) * f;
+        this.#xyz[2] = (vZ / vM) * f;
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Sets this vector to a random direction with the same magnitude.
+     * @param random - A function that returns a random number between 0 and 1.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    random(random = Math.random) {
+        this.copy(Vec3.fromSphericalCoords(Math.acos(2 * random() - 1), random() * Math.PI * 2, 1));
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Rotates this vector around the X-axis.
+     * @param phi - The angle of rotation in radians.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    rotateX(phi) {
+        const cosPhi = cos(phi);
+        const sinPhi = sin(phi);
+        const y = this.#xyz[1];
+        const z = this.#xyz[2];
+        this.#xyz[1] = y * cosPhi - z * sinPhi;
+        this.#xyz[2] = y * sinPhi + z * cosPhi;
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Rotates this vector around the Y-axis.
+     * @param phi - The angle of rotation in radians.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    rotateY(phi) {
+        const cosPhi = cos(phi);
+        const sinPhi = sin(phi);
+        const x = this.#xyz[0];
+        const z = this.#xyz[2];
+        this.#xyz[0] = x * cosPhi + z * sinPhi;
+        this.#xyz[2] = x * sinPhi + z * cosPhi;
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Rotates this vector around the Z-axis.
+     * @param phi - The angle of rotation in radians.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    rotateZ(phi) {
+        const cosPhi = cos(phi);
+        const sinPhi = sin(phi);
+        const x = this.#xyz[0];
+        const y = this.#xyz[1];
+        this.#xyz[0] = x * cosPhi - y * sinPhi;
+        this.#xyz[1] = x * sinPhi + y * cosPhi;
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Checks if this vector is equal to another vector.
+     * @param v - The other vector.
+     * @returns True if the vectors are equal, false otherwise.
+     */
+    satisfyEquality(v) {
+        return this.#xyz[0] === v.#xyz[0] && this.#xyz[1] === v.#xyz[1] && this.#xyz[2] === v.#xyz[2];
+    }
+    /**
+     * Checks if this vector is opposite to another vector.
+     * @param v - The other vector.
+     * @returns True if the vectors are opposite, false otherwise.
+     */
+    satisfyOpposition(v) {
+        return this.#xyz[0] === -v.#xyz[0] && this.#xyz[1] === -v.#xyz[1] && this.#xyz[2] === -v.#xyz[2];
+    }
+    /**
+     * Compares this vector with another vector using an epsilon value for floating-point comparison.
+     * @param v - The vector to compare with.
+     * @param epsilon - The maximum difference between components to consider them equal.
+     * @returns True if the vectors are equal within epsilon, false otherwise.
+     */
+    equals(v, epsilon = Number.EPSILON) {
+        return (abs(this.#xyz[0] - v.#xyz[0]) <= epsilon &&
+            abs(this.#xyz[1] - v.#xyz[1]) <= epsilon &&
+            abs(this.#xyz[2] - v.#xyz[2]) <= epsilon);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Scales this vector by a scalar value.
+     * @param c - The scalar value.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    scale(c) {
+        this.#xyz[0] *= c;
+        this.#xyz[1] *= c;
+        this.#xyz[2] *= c;
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Sets this vector to zero.
+     * @returns This Vec3 instance for method chaining.
+     */
+    zero() {
+        this.#xyz[0] = 0;
+        this.#xyz[1] = 0;
+        this.#xyz[2] = 0;
+        this.#computeMagnitude();
+        return this;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Makes the Vec3 instance iterable.
+     * @yields The x, y and z components of the vector.
+     */
+    *[Symbol.iterator]() {
+        yield this.#xyz[0];
+        yield this.#xyz[1];
+        yield this.#xyz[2];
+    }
+    /**
+     * Returns a string representation of the vector.
+     * @returns A string in the format "Vec3(x, y, z)".
+     */
+    toString() {
+        return `Vec3(${this.#xyz[0]}, ${this.#xyz[1]}, ${this.#xyz[2]})`;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Converts the vector to a plain object.
+     * @returns An object with x, y and z properties.
+     */
+    toObject() {
+        const [x, y, z] = this.#xyz;
+        return { x, y, z };
+    }
+    /**
+     * Serializes the vector to a JSON-friendly format.
+     * @returns A JSON-friendly object representation of the vector.
+     */
+    toJSON() {
+        return this.toObject();
+    }
+}
+exports.Vec3 = Vec3;