@draht/tui 2026.3.2-2

package/dist/tui.js

@@ -0,0 +1,955 @@
+/**
+ * Minimal TUI implementation with differential rendering
+ */
+import * as fs from "node:fs";
+import * as os from "node:os";
+import * as path from "node:path";
+import { isKeyRelease, matchesKey } from "./keys.js";
+import { getCapabilities, isImageLine, setCellDimensions } from "./terminal-image.js";
+import { extractSegments, sliceByColumn, sliceWithWidth, visibleWidth } from "./utils.js";
+/** Type guard to check if a component implements Focusable */
+export function isFocusable(component) {
+    return component !== null && "focused" in component;
+}
+/**
+ * Cursor position marker - APC (Application Program Command) sequence.
+ * This is a zero-width escape sequence that terminals ignore.
+ * Components emit this at the cursor position when focused.
+ * TUI finds and strips this marker, then positions the hardware cursor there.
+ */
+export const CURSOR_MARKER = "\x1b_pi:c\x07";
+export { visibleWidth };
+/** Parse a SizeValue into absolute value given a reference size */
+function parseSizeValue(value, referenceSize) {
+    if (value === undefined)
+        return undefined;
+    if (typeof value === "number")
+        return value;
+    // Parse percentage string like "50%"
+    const match = value.match(/^(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)%$/);
+    if (match) {
+        return Math.floor((referenceSize * parseFloat(match[1])) / 100);
+    }
+    return undefined;
+}
+/**
+ * Container - a component that contains other components
+ */
+export class Container {
+    children = [];
+    addChild(component) {
+        this.children.push(component);
+    }
+    removeChild(component) {
+        const index = this.children.indexOf(component);
+        if (index !== -1) {
+            this.children.splice(index, 1);
+        }
+    }
+    clear() {
+        this.children = [];
+    }
+    invalidate() {
+        for (const child of this.children) {
+            child.invalidate?.();
+        }
+    }
+    render(width) {
+        const lines = [];
+        for (const child of this.children) {
+            lines.push(...child.render(width));
+        }
+        return lines;
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * TUI - Main class for managing terminal UI with differential rendering
+ */
+export class TUI extends Container {
+    terminal;
+    previousLines = [];
+    previousWidth = 0;
+    focusedComponent = null;
+    inputListeners = new Set();
+    /** Global callback for debug key (Shift+Ctrl+D). Called before input is forwarded to focused component. */
+    onDebug;
+    renderRequested = false;
+    cursorRow = 0; // Logical cursor row (end of rendered content)
+    hardwareCursorRow = 0; // Actual terminal cursor row (may differ due to IME positioning)
+    inputBuffer = ""; // Buffer for parsing terminal responses
+    cellSizeQueryPending = false;
+    showHardwareCursor = process.env.PI_HARDWARE_CURSOR === "1";
+    clearOnShrink = process.env.PI_CLEAR_ON_SHRINK === "1"; // Clear empty rows when content shrinks (default: off)
+    maxLinesRendered = 0; // Track terminal's working area (max lines ever rendered)
+    previousViewportTop = 0; // Track previous viewport top for resize-aware cursor moves
+    fullRedrawCount = 0;
+    stopped = false;
+    // Overlay stack for modal components rendered on top of base content
+    overlayStack = [];
+    constructor(terminal, showHardwareCursor) {
+        super();
+        this.terminal = terminal;
+        if (showHardwareCursor !== undefined) {
+            this.showHardwareCursor = showHardwareCursor;
+        }
+    }
+    get fullRedraws() {
+        return this.fullRedrawCount;
+    }
+    getShowHardwareCursor() {
+        return this.showHardwareCursor;
+    }
+    setShowHardwareCursor(enabled) {
+        if (this.showHardwareCursor === enabled)
+            return;
+        this.showHardwareCursor = enabled;
+        if (!enabled) {
+            this.terminal.hideCursor();
+        }
+        this.requestRender();
+    }
+    getClearOnShrink() {
+        return this.clearOnShrink;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Set whether to trigger full re-render when content shrinks.
+     * When true (default), empty rows are cleared when content shrinks.
+     * When false, empty rows remain (reduces redraws on slower terminals).
+     */
+    setClearOnShrink(enabled) {
+        this.clearOnShrink = enabled;
+    }
+    setFocus(component) {
+        // Clear focused flag on old component
+        if (isFocusable(this.focusedComponent)) {
+            this.focusedComponent.focused = false;
+        }
+        this.focusedComponent = component;
+        // Set focused flag on new component
+        if (isFocusable(component)) {
+            component.focused = true;
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Show an overlay component with configurable positioning and sizing.
+     * Returns a handle to control the overlay's visibility.
+     */
+    showOverlay(component, options) {
+        const entry = { component, options, preFocus: this.focusedComponent, hidden: false };
+        this.overlayStack.push(entry);
+        // Only focus if overlay is actually visible
+        if (this.isOverlayVisible(entry)) {
+            this.setFocus(component);
+        }
+        this.terminal.hideCursor();
+        this.requestRender();
+        // Return handle for controlling this overlay
+        return {
+            hide: () => {
+                const index = this.overlayStack.indexOf(entry);
+                if (index !== -1) {
+                    this.overlayStack.splice(index, 1);
+                    // Restore focus if this overlay had focus
+                    if (this.focusedComponent === component) {
+                        const topVisible = this.getTopmostVisibleOverlay();
+                        this.setFocus(topVisible?.component ?? entry.preFocus);
+                    }
+                    if (this.overlayStack.length === 0)
+                        this.terminal.hideCursor();
+                    this.requestRender();
+                }
+            },
+            setHidden: (hidden) => {
+                if (entry.hidden === hidden)
+                    return;
+                entry.hidden = hidden;
+                // Update focus when hiding/showing
+                if (hidden) {
+                    // If this overlay had focus, move focus to next visible or preFocus
+                    if (this.focusedComponent === component) {
+                        const topVisible = this.getTopmostVisibleOverlay();
+                        this.setFocus(topVisible?.component ?? entry.preFocus);
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    // Restore focus to this overlay when showing (if it's actually visible)
+                    if (this.isOverlayVisible(entry)) {
+                        this.setFocus(component);
+                    }
+                }
+                this.requestRender();
+            },
+            isHidden: () => entry.hidden,
+        };
+    }
+    /** Hide the topmost overlay and restore previous focus. */
+    hideOverlay() {
+        const overlay = this.overlayStack.pop();
+        if (!overlay)
+            return;
+        // Find topmost visible overlay, or fall back to preFocus
+        const topVisible = this.getTopmostVisibleOverlay();
+        this.setFocus(topVisible?.component ?? overlay.preFocus);
+        if (this.overlayStack.length === 0)
+            this.terminal.hideCursor();
+        this.requestRender();
+    }
+    /** Check if there are any visible overlays */
+    hasOverlay() {
+        return this.overlayStack.some((o) => this.isOverlayVisible(o));
+    }
+    /** Check if an overlay entry is currently visible */
+    isOverlayVisible(entry) {
+        if (entry.hidden)
+            return false;
+        if (entry.options?.visible) {
+            return entry.options.visible(this.terminal.columns, this.terminal.rows);
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    /** Find the topmost visible overlay, if any */
+    getTopmostVisibleOverlay() {
+        for (let i = this.overlayStack.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+            if (this.isOverlayVisible(this.overlayStack[i])) {
+                return this.overlayStack[i];
+            }
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    invalidate() {
+        super.invalidate();
+        for (const overlay of this.overlayStack)
+            overlay.component.invalidate?.();
+    }
+    start() {
+        this.stopped = false;
+        this.terminal.start((data) => this.handleInput(data), () => this.requestRender());
+        this.terminal.hideCursor();
+        this.queryCellSize();
+        this.requestRender();
+    }
+    addInputListener(listener) {
+        this.inputListeners.add(listener);
+        return () => {
+            this.inputListeners.delete(listener);
+        };
+    }
+    removeInputListener(listener) {
+        this.inputListeners.delete(listener);
+    }
+    queryCellSize() {
+        // Only query if terminal supports images (cell size is only used for image rendering)
+        if (!getCapabilities().images) {
+            return;
+        }
+        // Query terminal for cell size in pixels: CSI 16 t
+        // Response format: CSI 6 ; height ; width t
+        this.cellSizeQueryPending = true;
+        this.terminal.write("\x1b[16t");
+    }
+    stop() {
+        this.stopped = true;
+        // Move cursor to the end of the content to prevent overwriting/artifacts on exit
+        if (this.previousLines.length > 0) {
+            const targetRow = this.previousLines.length; // Line after the last content
+            const lineDiff = targetRow - this.hardwareCursorRow;
+            if (lineDiff > 0) {
+                this.terminal.write(`\x1b[${lineDiff}B`);
+            }
+            else if (lineDiff < 0) {
+                this.terminal.write(`\x1b[${-lineDiff}A`);
+            }
+            this.terminal.write("\r\n");
+        }
+        this.terminal.showCursor();
+        this.terminal.stop();
+    }
+    requestRender(force = false) {
+        if (force) {
+            this.previousLines = [];
+            this.previousWidth = -1; // -1 triggers widthChanged, forcing a full clear
+            this.cursorRow = 0;
+            this.hardwareCursorRow = 0;
+            this.maxLinesRendered = 0;
+            this.previousViewportTop = 0;
+        }
+        if (this.renderRequested)
+            return;
+        this.renderRequested = true;
+        process.nextTick(() => {
+            this.renderRequested = false;
+            this.doRender();
+        });
+    }
+    handleInput(data) {
+        if (this.inputListeners.size > 0) {
+            let current = data;
+            for (const listener of this.inputListeners) {
+                const result = listener(current);
+                if (result?.consume) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                if (result?.data !== undefined) {
+                    current = result.data;
+                }
+            }
+            if (current.length === 0) {
+                return;
+            }
+            data = current;
+        }
+        // If we're waiting for cell size response, buffer input and parse
+        if (this.cellSizeQueryPending) {
+            this.inputBuffer += data;
+            const filtered = this.parseCellSizeResponse();
+            if (filtered.length === 0)
+                return;
+            data = filtered;
+        }
+        // Global debug key handler (Shift+Ctrl+D)
+        if (matchesKey(data, "shift+ctrl+d") && this.onDebug) {
+            this.onDebug();
+            return;
+        }
+        // If focused component is an overlay, verify it's still visible
+        // (visibility can change due to terminal resize or visible() callback)
+        const focusedOverlay = this.overlayStack.find((o) => o.component === this.focusedComponent);
+        if (focusedOverlay && !this.isOverlayVisible(focusedOverlay)) {
+            // Focused overlay is no longer visible, redirect to topmost visible overlay
+            const topVisible = this.getTopmostVisibleOverlay();
+            if (topVisible) {
+                this.setFocus(topVisible.component);
+            }
+            else {
+                // No visible overlays, restore to preFocus
+                this.setFocus(focusedOverlay.preFocus);
+            }
+        }
+        // Pass input to focused component (including Ctrl+C)
+        // The focused component can decide how to handle Ctrl+C
+        if (this.focusedComponent?.handleInput) {
+            // Filter out key release events unless component opts in
+            if (isKeyRelease(data) && !this.focusedComponent.wantsKeyRelease) {
+                return;
+            }
+            this.focusedComponent.handleInput(data);
+            this.requestRender();
+        }
+    }
+    parseCellSizeResponse() {
+        // Response format: ESC [ 6 ; height ; width t
+        // Match the response pattern
+        const responsePattern = /\x1b\[6;(\d+);(\d+)t/;
+        const match = this.inputBuffer.match(responsePattern);
+        if (match) {
+            const heightPx = parseInt(match[1], 10);
+            const widthPx = parseInt(match[2], 10);
+            if (heightPx > 0 && widthPx > 0) {
+                setCellDimensions({ widthPx, heightPx });
+                // Invalidate all components so images re-render with correct dimensions
+                this.invalidate();
+                this.requestRender();
+            }
+            // Remove the response from buffer
+            this.inputBuffer = this.inputBuffer.replace(responsePattern, "");
+            this.cellSizeQueryPending = false;
+        }
+        // Check if we have a partial cell size response starting (wait for more data)
+        // Patterns that could be incomplete cell size response: \x1b, \x1b[, \x1b[6, \x1b[6;...(no t yet)
+        const partialCellSizePattern = /\x1b(\[6?;?[\d;]*)?$/;
+        if (partialCellSizePattern.test(this.inputBuffer)) {
+            // Check if it's actually a complete different escape sequence (ends with a letter)
+            // Cell size response ends with 't', Kitty keyboard ends with 'u', arrows end with A-D, etc.
+            const lastChar = this.inputBuffer[this.inputBuffer.length - 1];
+            if (!/[a-zA-Z~]/.test(lastChar)) {
+                // Doesn't end with a terminator, might be incomplete - wait for more
+                return "";
+            }
+        }
+        // No cell size response found, return buffered data as user input
+        const result = this.inputBuffer;
+        this.inputBuffer = "";
+        this.cellSizeQueryPending = false; // Give up waiting
+        return result;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Resolve overlay layout from options.
+     * Returns { width, row, col, maxHeight } for rendering.
+     */
+    resolveOverlayLayout(options, overlayHeight, termWidth, termHeight) {
+        const opt = options ?? {};
+        // Parse margin (clamp to non-negative)
+        const margin = typeof opt.margin === "number"
+            ? { top: opt.margin, right: opt.margin, bottom: opt.margin, left: opt.margin }
+            : (opt.margin ?? {});
+        const marginTop = Math.max(0, margin.top ?? 0);
+        const marginRight = Math.max(0, margin.right ?? 0);
+        const marginBottom = Math.max(0, margin.bottom ?? 0);
+        const marginLeft = Math.max(0, margin.left ?? 0);
+        // Available space after margins
+        const availWidth = Math.max(1, termWidth - marginLeft - marginRight);
+        const availHeight = Math.max(1, termHeight - marginTop - marginBottom);
+        // === Resolve width ===
+        let width = parseSizeValue(opt.width, termWidth) ?? Math.min(80, availWidth);
+        // Apply minWidth
+        if (opt.minWidth !== undefined) {
+            width = Math.max(width, opt.minWidth);
+        }
+        // Clamp to available space
+        width = Math.max(1, Math.min(width, availWidth));
+        // === Resolve maxHeight ===
+        let maxHeight = parseSizeValue(opt.maxHeight, termHeight);
+        // Clamp to available space
+        if (maxHeight !== undefined) {
+            maxHeight = Math.max(1, Math.min(maxHeight, availHeight));
+        }
+        // Effective overlay height (may be clamped by maxHeight)
+        const effectiveHeight = maxHeight !== undefined ? Math.min(overlayHeight, maxHeight) : overlayHeight;
+        // === Resolve position ===
+        let row;
+        let col;
+        if (opt.row !== undefined) {
+            if (typeof opt.row === "string") {
+                // Percentage: 0% = top, 100% = bottom (overlay stays within bounds)
+                const match = opt.row.match(/^(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)%$/);
+                if (match) {
+                    const maxRow = Math.max(0, availHeight - effectiveHeight);
+                    const percent = parseFloat(match[1]) / 100;
+                    row = marginTop + Math.floor(maxRow * percent);
+                }
+                else {
+                    // Invalid format, fall back to center
+                    row = this.resolveAnchorRow("center", effectiveHeight, availHeight, marginTop);
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                // Absolute row position
+                row = opt.row;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            // Anchor-based (default: center)
+            const anchor = opt.anchor ?? "center";
+            row = this.resolveAnchorRow(anchor, effectiveHeight, availHeight, marginTop);
+        }
+        if (opt.col !== undefined) {
+            if (typeof opt.col === "string") {
+                // Percentage: 0% = left, 100% = right (overlay stays within bounds)
+                const match = opt.col.match(/^(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)%$/);
+                if (match) {
+                    const maxCol = Math.max(0, availWidth - width);
+                    const percent = parseFloat(match[1]) / 100;
+                    col = marginLeft + Math.floor(maxCol * percent);
+                }
+                else {
+                    // Invalid format, fall back to center
+                    col = this.resolveAnchorCol("center", width, availWidth, marginLeft);
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                // Absolute column position
+                col = opt.col;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            // Anchor-based (default: center)
+            const anchor = opt.anchor ?? "center";
+            col = this.resolveAnchorCol(anchor, width, availWidth, marginLeft);
+        }
+        // Apply offsets
+        if (opt.offsetY !== undefined)
+            row += opt.offsetY;
+        if (opt.offsetX !== undefined)
+            col += opt.offsetX;
+        // Clamp to terminal bounds (respecting margins)
+        row = Math.max(marginTop, Math.min(row, termHeight - marginBottom - effectiveHeight));
+        col = Math.max(marginLeft, Math.min(col, termWidth - marginRight - width));
+        return { width, row, col, maxHeight };
+    }
+    resolveAnchorRow(anchor, height, availHeight, marginTop) {
+        switch (anchor) {
+            case "top-left":
+            case "top-center":
+            case "top-right":
+                return marginTop;
+            case "bottom-left":
+            case "bottom-center":
+            case "bottom-right":
+                return marginTop + availHeight - height;
+            case "left-center":
+            case "center":
+            case "right-center":
+                return marginTop + Math.floor((availHeight - height) / 2);
+        }
+    }
+    resolveAnchorCol(anchor, width, availWidth, marginLeft) {
+        switch (anchor) {
+            case "top-left":
+            case "left-center":
+            case "bottom-left":
+                return marginLeft;
+            case "top-right":
+            case "right-center":
+            case "bottom-right":
+                return marginLeft + availWidth - width;
+            case "top-center":
+            case "center":
+            case "bottom-center":
+                return marginLeft + Math.floor((availWidth - width) / 2);
+        }
+    }
+    /** Composite all overlays into content lines (in stack order, later = on top). */
+    compositeOverlays(lines, termWidth, termHeight) {
+        if (this.overlayStack.length === 0)
+            return lines;
+        const result = [...lines];
+        // Pre-render all visible overlays and calculate positions
+        const rendered = [];
+        let minLinesNeeded = result.length;
+        for (const entry of this.overlayStack) {
+            // Skip invisible overlays (hidden or visible() returns false)
+            if (!this.isOverlayVisible(entry))
+                continue;
+            const { component, options } = entry;
+            // Get layout with height=0 first to determine width and maxHeight
+            // (width and maxHeight don't depend on overlay height)
+            const { width, maxHeight } = this.resolveOverlayLayout(options, 0, termWidth, termHeight);
+            // Render component at calculated width
+            let overlayLines = component.render(width);
+            // Apply maxHeight if specified
+            if (maxHeight !== undefined && overlayLines.length > maxHeight) {
+                overlayLines = overlayLines.slice(0, maxHeight);
+            }
+            // Get final row/col with actual overlay height
+            const { row, col } = this.resolveOverlayLayout(options, overlayLines.length, termWidth, termHeight);
+            rendered.push({ overlayLines, row, col, w: width });
+            minLinesNeeded = Math.max(minLinesNeeded, row + overlayLines.length);
+        }
+        // Ensure result covers the terminal working area to keep overlay positioning stable across resizes.
+        // maxLinesRendered can exceed current content length after a shrink; pad to keep viewportStart consistent.
+        const workingHeight = Math.max(this.maxLinesRendered, minLinesNeeded);
+        // Extend result with empty lines if content is too short for overlay placement or working area
+        while (result.length < workingHeight) {
+            result.push("");
+        }
+        const viewportStart = Math.max(0, workingHeight - termHeight);
+        // Track which lines were modified for final verification
+        const modifiedLines = new Set();
+        // Composite each overlay
+        for (const { overlayLines, row, col, w } of rendered) {
+            for (let i = 0; i < overlayLines.length; i++) {
+                const idx = viewportStart + row + i;
+                if (idx >= 0 && idx < result.length) {
+                    // Defensive: truncate overlay line to declared width before compositing
+                    // (components should already respect width, but this ensures it)
+                    const truncatedOverlayLine = visibleWidth(overlayLines[i]) > w ? sliceByColumn(overlayLines[i], 0, w, true) : overlayLines[i];
+                    result[idx] = this.compositeLineAt(result[idx], truncatedOverlayLine, col, w, termWidth);
+                    modifiedLines.add(idx);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // Final verification: ensure no composited line exceeds terminal width
+        // This is a belt-and-suspenders safeguard - compositeLineAt should already
+        // guarantee this, but we verify here to prevent crashes from any edge cases
+        // Only check lines that were actually modified (optimization)
+        for (const idx of modifiedLines) {
+            const lineWidth = visibleWidth(result[idx]);
+            if (lineWidth > termWidth) {
+                result[idx] = sliceByColumn(result[idx], 0, termWidth, true);
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+    static SEGMENT_RESET = "\x1b[0m\x1b]8;;\x07";
+    applyLineResets(lines) {
+        const reset = TUI.SEGMENT_RESET;
+        for (let i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
+            const line = lines[i];
+            if (!isImageLine(line)) {
+                lines[i] = line + reset;
+            }
+        }
+        return lines;
+    }
+    /** Splice overlay content into a base line at a specific column. Single-pass optimized. */
+    compositeLineAt(baseLine, overlayLine, startCol, overlayWidth, totalWidth) {
+        if (isImageLine(baseLine))
+            return baseLine;
+        // Single pass through baseLine extracts both before and after segments
+        const afterStart = startCol + overlayWidth;
+        const base = extractSegments(baseLine, startCol, afterStart, totalWidth - afterStart, true);
+        // Extract overlay with width tracking (strict=true to exclude wide chars at boundary)
+        const overlay = sliceWithWidth(overlayLine, 0, overlayWidth, true);
+        // Pad segments to target widths
+        const beforePad = Math.max(0, startCol - base.beforeWidth);
+        const overlayPad = Math.max(0, overlayWidth - overlay.width);
+        const actualBeforeWidth = Math.max(startCol, base.beforeWidth);
+        const actualOverlayWidth = Math.max(overlayWidth, overlay.width);
+        const afterTarget = Math.max(0, totalWidth - actualBeforeWidth - actualOverlayWidth);
+        const afterPad = Math.max(0, afterTarget - base.afterWidth);
+        // Compose result
+        const r = TUI.SEGMENT_RESET;
+        const result = base.before +
+            " ".repeat(beforePad) +
+            r +
+            overlay.text +
+            " ".repeat(overlayPad) +
+            r +
+            base.after +
+            " ".repeat(afterPad);
+        // CRITICAL: Always verify and truncate to terminal width.
+        // This is the final safeguard against width overflow which would crash the TUI.
+        // Width tracking can drift from actual visible width due to:
+        // - Complex ANSI/OSC sequences (hyperlinks, colors)
+        // - Wide characters at segment boundaries
+        // - Edge cases in segment extraction
+        const resultWidth = visibleWidth(result);
+        if (resultWidth <= totalWidth) {
+            return result;
+        }
+        // Truncate with strict=true to ensure we don't exceed totalWidth
+        return sliceByColumn(result, 0, totalWidth, true);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Find and extract cursor position from rendered lines.
+     * Searches for CURSOR_MARKER, calculates its position, and strips it from the output.
+     * Only scans the bottom terminal height lines (visible viewport).
+     * @param lines - Rendered lines to search
+     * @param height - Terminal height (visible viewport size)
+     * @returns Cursor position { row, col } or null if no marker found
+     */
+    extractCursorPosition(lines, height) {
+        // Only scan the bottom `height` lines (visible viewport)
+        const viewportTop = Math.max(0, lines.length - height);
+        for (let row = lines.length - 1; row >= viewportTop; row--) {
+            const line = lines[row];
+            const markerIndex = line.indexOf(CURSOR_MARKER);
+            if (markerIndex !== -1) {
+                // Calculate visual column (width of text before marker)
+                const beforeMarker = line.slice(0, markerIndex);
+                const col = visibleWidth(beforeMarker);
+                // Strip marker from the line
+                lines[row] = line.slice(0, markerIndex) + line.slice(markerIndex + CURSOR_MARKER.length);
+                return { row, col };
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+    doRender() {
+        if (this.stopped)
+            return;
+        const width = this.terminal.columns;
+        const height = this.terminal.rows;
+        let viewportTop = Math.max(0, this.maxLinesRendered - height);
+        let prevViewportTop = this.previousViewportTop;
+        let hardwareCursorRow = this.hardwareCursorRow;
+        const computeLineDiff = (targetRow) => {
+            const currentScreenRow = hardwareCursorRow - prevViewportTop;
+            const targetScreenRow = targetRow - viewportTop;
+            return targetScreenRow - currentScreenRow;
+        };
+        // Render all components to get new lines
+        let newLines = this.render(width);
+        // Composite overlays into the rendered lines (before differential compare)
+        if (this.overlayStack.length > 0) {
+            newLines = this.compositeOverlays(newLines, width, height);
+        }
+        // Extract cursor position before applying line resets (marker must be found first)
+        const cursorPos = this.extractCursorPosition(newLines, height);
+        newLines = this.applyLineResets(newLines);
+        // Width changed - need full re-render (line wrapping changes)
+        const widthChanged = this.previousWidth !== 0 && this.previousWidth !== width;
+        // Helper to clear scrollback and viewport and render all new lines
+        const fullRender = (clear) => {
+            this.fullRedrawCount += 1;
+            let buffer = "\x1b[?2026h"; // Begin synchronized output
+            if (clear)
+                buffer += "\x1b[3J\x1b[2J\x1b[H"; // Clear scrollback, screen, and home
+            for (let i = 0; i < newLines.length; i++) {
+                if (i > 0)
+                    buffer += "\r\n";
+                buffer += newLines[i];
+            }
+            buffer += "\x1b[?2026l"; // End synchronized output
+            this.terminal.write(buffer);
+            this.cursorRow = Math.max(0, newLines.length - 1);
+            this.hardwareCursorRow = this.cursorRow;
+            // Reset max lines when clearing, otherwise track growth
+            if (clear) {
+                this.maxLinesRendered = newLines.length;
+            }
+            else {
+                this.maxLinesRendered = Math.max(this.maxLinesRendered, newLines.length);
+            }
+            this.previousViewportTop = Math.max(0, this.maxLinesRendered - height);
+            this.positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos, newLines.length);
+            this.previousLines = newLines;
+            this.previousWidth = width;
+        };
+        const debugRedraw = process.env.PI_DEBUG_REDRAW === "1";
+        const logRedraw = (reason) => {
+            if (!debugRedraw)
+                return;
+            const logPath = path.join(os.homedir(), ".pi", "agent", "pi-debug.log");
+            const msg = `[${new Date().toISOString()}] fullRender: ${reason} (prev=${this.previousLines.length}, new=${newLines.length}, height=${height})\n`;
+            fs.appendFileSync(logPath, msg);
+        };
+        // First render - just output everything without clearing (assumes clean screen)
+        if (this.previousLines.length === 0 && !widthChanged) {
+            logRedraw("first render");
+            fullRender(false);
+            return;
+        }
+        // Width changed - full re-render (line wrapping changes)
+        if (widthChanged) {
+            logRedraw(`width changed (${this.previousWidth} -> ${width})`);
+            fullRender(true);
+            return;
+        }
+        // Content shrunk below the working area and no overlays - re-render to clear empty rows
+        // (overlays need the padding, so only do this when no overlays are active)
+        // Configurable via setClearOnShrink() or PI_CLEAR_ON_SHRINK=0 env var
+        if (this.clearOnShrink && newLines.length < this.maxLinesRendered && this.overlayStack.length === 0) {
+            logRedraw(`clearOnShrink (maxLinesRendered=${this.maxLinesRendered})`);
+            fullRender(true);
+            return;
+        }
+        // Find first and last changed lines
+        let firstChanged = -1;
+        let lastChanged = -1;
+        const maxLines = Math.max(newLines.length, this.previousLines.length);
+        for (let i = 0; i < maxLines; i++) {
+            const oldLine = i < this.previousLines.length ? this.previousLines[i] : "";
+            const newLine = i < newLines.length ? newLines[i] : "";
+            if (oldLine !== newLine) {
+                if (firstChanged === -1) {
+                    firstChanged = i;
+                }
+                lastChanged = i;
+            }
+        }
+        const appendedLines = newLines.length > this.previousLines.length;
+        if (appendedLines) {
+            if (firstChanged === -1) {
+                firstChanged = this.previousLines.length;
+            }
+            lastChanged = newLines.length - 1;
+        }
+        const appendStart = appendedLines && firstChanged === this.previousLines.length && firstChanged > 0;
+        // No changes - but still need to update hardware cursor position if it moved
+        if (firstChanged === -1) {
+            this.positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos, newLines.length);
+            this.previousViewportTop = Math.max(0, this.maxLinesRendered - height);
+            return;
+        }
+        // All changes are in deleted lines (nothing to render, just clear)
+        if (firstChanged >= newLines.length) {
+            if (this.previousLines.length > newLines.length) {
+                let buffer = "\x1b[?2026h";
+                // Move to end of new content (clamp to 0 for empty content)
+                const targetRow = Math.max(0, newLines.length - 1);
+                const lineDiff = computeLineDiff(targetRow);
+                if (lineDiff > 0)
+                    buffer += `\x1b[${lineDiff}B`;
+                else if (lineDiff < 0)
+                    buffer += `\x1b[${-lineDiff}A`;
+                buffer += "\r";
+                // Clear extra lines without scrolling
+                const extraLines = this.previousLines.length - newLines.length;
+                if (extraLines > height) {
+                    logRedraw(`extraLines > height (${extraLines} > ${height})`);
+                    fullRender(true);
+                    return;
+                }
+                if (extraLines > 0) {
+                    buffer += "\x1b[1B";
+                }
+                for (let i = 0; i < extraLines; i++) {
+                    buffer += "\r\x1b[2K";
+                    if (i < extraLines - 1)
+                        buffer += "\x1b[1B";
+                }
+                if (extraLines > 0) {
+                    buffer += `\x1b[${extraLines}A`;
+                }
+                buffer += "\x1b[?2026l";
+                this.terminal.write(buffer);
+                this.cursorRow = targetRow;
+                this.hardwareCursorRow = targetRow;
+            }
+            this.positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos, newLines.length);
+            this.previousLines = newLines;
+            this.previousWidth = width;
+            this.previousViewportTop = Math.max(0, this.maxLinesRendered - height);
+            return;
+        }
+        // Check if firstChanged is above what was previously visible
+        // Use previousLines.length (not maxLinesRendered) to avoid false positives after content shrinks
+        const previousContentViewportTop = Math.max(0, this.previousLines.length - height);
+        if (firstChanged < previousContentViewportTop) {
+            // First change is above previous viewport - need full re-render
+            logRedraw(`firstChanged < viewportTop (${firstChanged} < ${previousContentViewportTop})`);
+            fullRender(true);
+            return;
+        }
+        // Render from first changed line to end
+        // Build buffer with all updates wrapped in synchronized output
+        let buffer = "\x1b[?2026h"; // Begin synchronized output
+        const prevViewportBottom = prevViewportTop + height - 1;
+        const moveTargetRow = appendStart ? firstChanged - 1 : firstChanged;
+        if (moveTargetRow > prevViewportBottom) {
+            const currentScreenRow = Math.max(0, Math.min(height - 1, hardwareCursorRow - prevViewportTop));
+            const moveToBottom = height - 1 - currentScreenRow;
+            if (moveToBottom > 0) {
+                buffer += `\x1b[${moveToBottom}B`;
+            }
+            const scroll = moveTargetRow - prevViewportBottom;
+            buffer += "\r\n".repeat(scroll);
+            prevViewportTop += scroll;
+            viewportTop += scroll;
+            hardwareCursorRow = moveTargetRow;
+        }
+        // Move cursor to first changed line (use hardwareCursorRow for actual position)
+        const lineDiff = computeLineDiff(moveTargetRow);
+        if (lineDiff > 0) {
+            buffer += `\x1b[${lineDiff}B`; // Move down
+        }
+        else if (lineDiff < 0) {
+            buffer += `\x1b[${-lineDiff}A`; // Move up
+        }
+        buffer += appendStart ? "\r\n" : "\r"; // Move to column 0
+        // Only render changed lines (firstChanged to lastChanged), not all lines to end
+        // This reduces flicker when only a single line changes (e.g., spinner animation)
+        const renderEnd = Math.min(lastChanged, newLines.length - 1);
+        for (let i = firstChanged; i <= renderEnd; i++) {
+            if (i > firstChanged)
+                buffer += "\r\n";
+            buffer += "\x1b[2K"; // Clear current line
+            const line = newLines[i];
+            const isImage = isImageLine(line);
+            if (!isImage && visibleWidth(line) > width) {
+                // Log all lines to crash file for debugging
+                const crashLogPath = path.join(os.homedir(), ".pi", "agent", "pi-crash.log");
+                const crashData = [
+                    `Crash at ${new Date().toISOString()}`,
+                    `Terminal width: ${width}`,
+                    `Line ${i} visible width: ${visibleWidth(line)}`,
+                    "",
+                    "=== All rendered lines ===",
+                    ...newLines.map((l, idx) => `[${idx}] (w=${visibleWidth(l)}) ${l}`),
+                    "",
+                ].join("\n");
+                fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(crashLogPath), { recursive: true });
+                fs.writeFileSync(crashLogPath, crashData);
+                // Clean up terminal state before throwing
+                this.stop();
+                const errorMsg = [
+                    `Rendered line ${i} exceeds terminal width (${visibleWidth(line)} > ${width}).`,
+                    "",
+                    "This is likely caused by a custom TUI component not truncating its output.",
+                    "Use visibleWidth() to measure and truncateToWidth() to truncate lines.",
+                    "",
+                    `Debug log written to: ${crashLogPath}`,
+                ].join("\n");
+                throw new Error(errorMsg);
+            }
+            buffer += line;
+        }
+        // Track where cursor ended up after rendering
+        let finalCursorRow = renderEnd;
+        // If we had more lines before, clear them and move cursor back
+        if (this.previousLines.length > newLines.length) {
+            // Move to end of new content first if we stopped before it
+            if (renderEnd < newLines.length - 1) {
+                const moveDown = newLines.length - 1 - renderEnd;
+                buffer += `\x1b[${moveDown}B`;
+                finalCursorRow = newLines.length - 1;
+            }
+            const extraLines = this.previousLines.length - newLines.length;
+            for (let i = newLines.length; i < this.previousLines.length; i++) {
+                buffer += "\r\n\x1b[2K";
+            }
+            // Move cursor back to end of new content
+            buffer += `\x1b[${extraLines}A`;
+        }
+        buffer += "\x1b[?2026l"; // End synchronized output
+        if (process.env.PI_TUI_DEBUG === "1") {
+            const debugDir = "/tmp/tui";
+            fs.mkdirSync(debugDir, { recursive: true });
+            const debugPath = path.join(debugDir, `render-${Date.now()}-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2)}.log`);
+            const debugData = [
+                `firstChanged: ${firstChanged}`,
+                `viewportTop: ${viewportTop}`,
+                `cursorRow: ${this.cursorRow}`,
+                `height: ${height}`,
+                `lineDiff: ${lineDiff}`,
+                `hardwareCursorRow: ${hardwareCursorRow}`,
+                `renderEnd: ${renderEnd}`,
+                `finalCursorRow: ${finalCursorRow}`,
+                `cursorPos: ${JSON.stringify(cursorPos)}`,
+                `newLines.length: ${newLines.length}`,
+                `previousLines.length: ${this.previousLines.length}`,
+                "",
+                "=== newLines ===",
+                JSON.stringify(newLines, null, 2),
+                "",
+                "=== previousLines ===",
+                JSON.stringify(this.previousLines, null, 2),
+                "",
+                "=== buffer ===",
+                JSON.stringify(buffer),
+            ].join("\n");
+            fs.writeFileSync(debugPath, debugData);
+        }
+        // Write entire buffer at once
+        this.terminal.write(buffer);
+        // Track cursor position for next render
+        // cursorRow tracks end of content (for viewport calculation)
+        // hardwareCursorRow tracks actual terminal cursor position (for movement)
+        this.cursorRow = Math.max(0, newLines.length - 1);
+        this.hardwareCursorRow = finalCursorRow;
+        // Track terminal's working area (grows but doesn't shrink unless cleared)
+        this.maxLinesRendered = Math.max(this.maxLinesRendered, newLines.length);
+        this.previousViewportTop = Math.max(0, this.maxLinesRendered - height);
+        // Position hardware cursor for IME
+        this.positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos, newLines.length);
+        this.previousLines = newLines;
+        this.previousWidth = width;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Position the hardware cursor for IME candidate window.
+     * @param cursorPos The cursor position extracted from rendered output, or null
+     * @param totalLines Total number of rendered lines
+     */
+    positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos, totalLines) {
+        if (!cursorPos || totalLines <= 0) {
+            this.terminal.hideCursor();
+            return;
+        }
+        // Clamp cursor position to valid range
+        const targetRow = Math.max(0, Math.min(cursorPos.row, totalLines - 1));
+        const targetCol = Math.max(0, cursorPos.col);
+        // Move cursor from current position to target
+        const rowDelta = targetRow - this.hardwareCursorRow;
+        let buffer = "";
+        if (rowDelta > 0) {
+            buffer += `\x1b[${rowDelta}B`; // Move down
+        }
+        else if (rowDelta < 0) {
+            buffer += `\x1b[${-rowDelta}A`; // Move up
+        }
+        // Move to absolute column (1-indexed)
+        buffer += `\x1b[${targetCol + 1}G`;
+        if (buffer) {
+            this.terminal.write(buffer);
+        }
+        this.hardwareCursorRow = targetRow;
+        if (this.showHardwareCursor) {
+            this.terminal.showCursor();
+        }
+        else {
+            this.terminal.hideCursor();
+        }
+    }
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=tui.js.map