@codyswann/lisa 4.74.9 → 4.75.1

package/plugins/lisa-expo-devin/skills/reduce-complexity/references/refactoring-patterns.md

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+# Refactoring Patterns
+
+This reference provides complete before/after examples for common complexity refactoring scenarios.
+
+## Pattern 1: Flatten Nested Conditionals
+
+### Problem
+
+Nested conditional rendering creates exponential complexity:
+
+```tsx
+// Complexity: 6+ (each && and ternary adds complexity, nesting multiplies)
+const BadView = ({ isLoading, hasError, data, isEmpty }: Props) => (
+  <Box>
+    {isLoading ? (
+      <Spinner />
+    ) : hasError ? (
+      <ErrorState />
+    ) : isEmpty ? (
+      <EmptyState />
+    ) : (
+      <Box>
+        {data.sections.map(section => (
+          <Box key={section.id}>
+            {section.isExpanded ? (
+              <ExpandedContent items={section.items} />
+            ) : (
+              <CollapsedHeader title={section.title} />
+            )}
+          </Box>
+        ))}
+      </Box>
+    )}
+  </Box>
+);
+```
+
+### Solution: Pre-compute State + Flatten
+
+```tsx
+// Container
+type ViewState = "loading" | "error" | "empty" | "ready";
+
+const ContainerComponent = () => {
+  const { data, loading, error } = useQuery();
+
+  const viewState = useMemo((): ViewState => {
+    if (loading) return "loading";
+    if (error) return "error";
+    if (!data?.sections?.length) return "empty";
+    return "ready";
+  }, [loading, error, data?.sections?.length]);
+
+  const sections = useMemo(() => data?.sections ?? [], [data?.sections]);
+
+  return <ViewComponent viewState={viewState} sections={sections} />;
+};
+
+// View - Complexity reduced to ~3
+const ViewComponent = ({ viewState, sections }: Props) => (
+  <Box>
+    {viewState === "loading" && <Spinner />}
+    {viewState === "error" && <ErrorState />}
+    {viewState === "empty" && <EmptyState />}
+    {viewState === "ready" && <SectionList sections={sections} />}
+  </Box>
+);
+```
+
+## Pattern 2: Extract Repeated Map Patterns
+
+### Problem
+
+Same rendering pattern repeated with different data:
+
+```tsx
+// Complexity: 20+ (each map, conditional, and ternary adds up)
+const FilterModalView = ({ filters, positions, tags, statuses }: Props) => (
+  <Box>
+    {/* Positions - Pattern A */}
+    {positions.length > 0 && (
+      <VStack>
+        <Text>Positions</Text>
+        <HStack>
+          {positions.map(p => (
+            <Chip
+              key={p}
+              label={p}
+              selected={filters.positions.includes(p)}
+              onPress={() => onToggle("position", p)}
+            />
+          ))}
+        </HStack>
+      </VStack>
+    )}
+
+    {/* Tags - Pattern A (repeated) */}
+    {tags.length > 0 && (
+      <VStack>
+        <Text>Tags</Text>
+        <HStack>
+          {tags.map(t => (
+            <Chip
+              key={t.id}
+              label={t.name}
+              selected={filters.tags.includes(t.id)}
+              onPress={() => onToggle("tag", t.id)}
+            />
+          ))}
+        </HStack>
+      </VStack>
+    )}
+
+    {/* Statuses - Pattern A (repeated again) */}
+    {statuses.length > 0 && (
+      <VStack>
+        <Text>Status</Text>
+        <HStack>
+          {statuses.map(s => (
+            <Chip
+              key={s}
+              label={s}
+              selected={filters.statuses.includes(s)}
+              onPress={() => onToggle("status", s)}
+            />
+          ))}
+        </HStack>
+      </VStack>
+    )}
+  </Box>
+);
+```
+
+### Solution: Extract Reusable Component
+
+```tsx
+// New component: FilterSection/FilterSectionContainer.tsx
+interface FilterSectionProps {
+  readonly title: string;
+  readonly items: readonly { id: string; label: string }[];
+  readonly selectedIds: readonly string[];
+  readonly onToggle: (id: string) => void;
+}
+
+const FilterSectionContainer = ({
+  title,
+  items,
+  selectedIds,
+  onToggle,
+}: FilterSectionProps) => {
+  const itemsWithSelection = useMemo(
+    () =>
+      items.map(item => ({
+        ...item,
+        isSelected: selectedIds.includes(item.id),
+      })),
+    [items, selectedIds]
+  );
+
+  const handleToggle = useCallback(
+    (id: string) => () => onToggle(id),
+    [onToggle]
+  );
+
+  if (items.length === 0) return null;
+
+  return (
+    <FilterSectionView
+      title={title}
+      items={itemsWithSelection}
+      onToggle={handleToggle}
+    />
+  );
+};
+
+// FilterSection/FilterSectionView.tsx
+const FilterSectionView = ({ title, items, onToggle }: ViewProps) => (
+  <VStack>
+    <Text>{title}</Text>
+    <HStack>
+      {items.map(({ id, label, isSelected }) => (
+        <Chip
+          key={id}
+          label={label}
+          selected={isSelected}
+          onPress={onToggle(id)}
+        />
+      ))}
+    </HStack>
+  </VStack>
+);
+
+FilterSectionView.displayName = "FilterSectionView";
+export default memo(FilterSectionView);
+
+// Updated parent - Complexity: ~3
+const FilterModalView = ({ positionItems, tagItems, statusItems }: Props) => (
+  <Box>
+    <FilterSection
+      title="Positions"
+      items={positionItems}
+      selectedIds={filters.positions}
+      onToggle={onPositionToggle}
+    />
+    <FilterSection
+      title="Tags"
+      items={tagItems}
+      selectedIds={filters.tags}
+      onToggle={onTagToggle}
+    />
+    <FilterSection
+      title="Status"
+      items={statusItems}
+      selectedIds={filters.statuses}
+      onToggle={onStatusToggle}
+    />
+  </Box>
+);
+```
+
+## Pattern 3: Simplify Conditional Styles
+
+### Problem
+
+Repeated conditional checks for styling:
+
+```tsx
+// Complexity: 12+ (each includes() and ternary)
+const ChipView = ({ item, selectedItems, colors }: Props) => (
+  <Pressable
+    style={{
+      backgroundColor: selectedItems.includes(item.id)
+        ? colors.primary
+        : colors.cardBackground,
+      borderColor: selectedItems.includes(item.id)
+        ? colors.primary
+        : colors.border,
+      borderWidth: 1,
+      paddingHorizontal: 10,
+      paddingVertical: 5,
+      borderRadius: 6,
+    }}
+  >
+    <Text
+      style={{
+        color: selectedItems.includes(item.id)
+          ? "#FFFFFF"
+          : colors.textSecondary,
+        fontWeight: selectedItems.includes(item.id) ? "600" : "400",
+      }}
+    >
+      {item.label}
+    </Text>
+  </Pressable>
+);
+```
+
+### Solution: Pre-compute and Use Style Objects
+
+```tsx
+// Container - compute selection state once
+const ChipListContainer = ({ items, selectedIds }: Props) => {
+  const itemsWithState = useMemo(
+    () =>
+      items.map(item => ({
+        ...item,
+        isSelected: selectedIds.includes(item.id),
+      })),
+    [items, selectedIds]
+  );
+
+  return <ChipListView items={itemsWithState} />;
+};
+
+// View - use pre-computed isSelected
+const ChipView = ({ item, isSelected, colors }: Props) => (
+  <Pressable
+    style={isSelected ? styles.selected(colors) : styles.default(colors)}
+  >
+    <Text style={isSelected ? styles.selectedText : styles.defaultText(colors)}>
+      {item.label}
+    </Text>
+  </Pressable>
+);
+
+// Style helpers (defined outside component)
+const styles = {
+  selected: (colors: Colors) => ({
+    backgroundColor: colors.primary,
+    borderColor: colors.primary,
+    borderWidth: 1,
+    paddingHorizontal: 10,
+    paddingVertical: 5,
+    borderRadius: 6,
+  }),
+  default: (colors: Colors) => ({
+    backgroundColor: colors.cardBackground,
+    borderColor: colors.border,
+    borderWidth: 1,
+    paddingHorizontal: 10,
+    paddingVertical: 5,
+    borderRadius: 6,
+  }),
+  selectedText: {
+    color: "#FFFFFF",
+    fontWeight: "600" as const,
+  },
+  defaultText: (colors: Colors) => ({
+    color: colors.textSecondary,
+    fontWeight: "400" as const,
+  }),
+};
+```
+
+## Pattern 4: Replace Switch with Object Mapping
+
+### Problem
+
+Large switch statements or if-else chains:
+
+```tsx
+// Complexity: 8+ (each case adds complexity)
+const getStatusIcon = (status: string) => {
+  switch (status) {
+    case "active":
+      return <CheckCircle color="green" />;
+    case "pending":
+      return <Clock color="yellow" />;
+    case "inactive":
+      return <XCircle color="gray" />;
+    case "error":
+      return <AlertCircle color="red" />;
+    default:
+      return <HelpCircle color="gray" />;
+  }
+};
+
+const StatusView = ({ status }: Props) => <Box>{getStatusIcon(status)}</Box>;
+```
+
+### Solution: Object Mapping
+
+```tsx
+// Define mapping outside component (no complexity cost)
+const STATUS_ICONS: Record<string, ReactNode> = {
+  active: <CheckCircle color="green" />,
+  pending: <Clock color="yellow" />,
+  inactive: <XCircle color="gray" />,
+  error: <AlertCircle color="red" />,
+};
+
+const DEFAULT_ICON = <HelpCircle color="gray" />;
+
+// View - Complexity: 1
+const StatusView = ({ status }: Props) => (
+  <Box>{STATUS_ICONS[status] ?? DEFAULT_ICON}</Box>
+);
+```
+
+## Pattern 5: Extract Complex Render Sections
+
+### Problem
+
+Long View with multiple distinct sections:
+
+```tsx
+// Complexity: 25+ (multiple conditionals, maps, nested structures)
+const DashboardView = ({ user, stats, notifications, activities }: Props) => (
+  <Box>
+    {/* Header section - 5 lines */}
+    <HStack>
+      <Avatar source={user.avatar} />
+      <VStack>
+        <Text>{user.name}</Text>
+        <Text>{user.role}</Text>
+      </VStack>
+      {user.isAdmin && <AdminBadge />}
+    </HStack>
+
+    {/* Stats section - 15 lines */}
+    <HStack>
+      {stats.map(stat => (
+        <Box key={stat.id}>
+          <Text>{stat.value}</Text>
+          <Text>{stat.label}</Text>
+          {stat.trend > 0 ? <TrendUp /> : <TrendDown />}
+        </Box>
+      ))}
+    </HStack>
+
+    {/* Notifications section - 20 lines */}
+    {notifications.length > 0 && (
+      <VStack>
+        <Text>Notifications ({notifications.length})</Text>
+        {notifications.slice(0, 5).map(n => (
+          <NotificationItem key={n.id} notification={n} />
+        ))}
+        {notifications.length > 5 && (
+          <Text>+{notifications.length - 5} more</Text>
+        )}
+      </VStack>
+    )}
+
+    {/* Activities section - 15 lines */}
+    <VStack>
+      {activities.map(activity => (
+        <ActivityRow key={activity.id} activity={activity} />
+      ))}
+    </VStack>
+  </Box>
+);
+```
+
+### Solution: Extract Helper Functions
+
+```tsx
+/**
+ * Renders the user header section.
+ * @param props - Section properties
+ * @param props.user - User data object
+ */
+function renderHeader(props: { readonly user: User }) {
+  const { user } = props;
+  return (
+    <HStack>
+      <Avatar source={user.avatar} />
+      <VStack>
+        <Text>{user.name}</Text>
+        <Text>{user.role}</Text>
+      </VStack>
+      {user.isAdmin && <AdminBadge />}
+    </HStack>
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Renders the stats row section.
+ * @param props - Section properties
+ * @param props.stats - Array of stat objects
+ */
+function renderStats(props: { readonly stats: readonly Stat[] }) {
+  const { stats } = props;
+  return (
+    <HStack>
+      {stats.map(stat => (
+        <Box key={stat.id}>
+          <Text>{stat.value}</Text>
+          <Text>{stat.label}</Text>
+          {stat.trend > 0 ? <TrendUp /> : <TrendDown />}
+        </Box>
+      ))}
+    </HStack>
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Renders the notifications section.
+ * @param props - Section properties
+ * @param props.notifications - Array of notification objects
+ * @param props.maxVisible - Maximum notifications to show before truncating
+ */
+function renderNotifications(props: {
+  readonly notifications: readonly Notification[];
+  readonly maxVisible: number;
+}) {
+  const { notifications, maxVisible } = props;
+  if (notifications.length === 0) return null;
+
+  const visible = notifications.slice(0, maxVisible);
+  const remaining = notifications.length - maxVisible;
+
+  return (
+    <VStack>
+      <Text>Notifications ({notifications.length})</Text>
+      {visible.map(n => (
+        <NotificationItem key={n.id} notification={n} />
+      ))}
+      {remaining > 0 && <Text>+{remaining} more</Text>}
+    </VStack>
+  );
+}
+
+// Clean View - Complexity: ~5
+const DashboardView = ({ user, stats, notifications, activities }: Props) => (
+  <Box>
+    {renderHeader({ user })}
+    {renderStats({ stats })}
+    {renderNotifications({ notifications, maxVisible: 5 })}
+    <ActivityList activities={activities} />
+  </Box>
+);
+```
+
+## Complexity Calculation Reference
+
+Understanding how SonarJS calculates cognitive complexity:
+
+| Construct                    | Base Cost | Nesting Penalty |
+| ---------------------------- | --------- | --------------- |
+| `if` / `else if` / `else`    | +1        | +1 per level    |
+| `? :` (ternary)              | +1        | +1 per level    |
+| `&&` / `\|\|` (logical)      | +1        | +1 per level    |
+| `for` / `while` / `do-while` | +1        | +1 per level    |
+| `.map()` / `.filter()` etc.  | +1        | +1 per level    |
+| `catch`                      | +1        | +1 per level    |
+| `switch`                     | +1 total  | -               |
+| `case` (in switch)           | +1 each   | -               |
+| `break` / `continue`         | +1        | -               |
+| Nested function              | +1        | +1 per level    |
+
+### Example Calculation
+
+```tsx
+const Example = (
+  { items, filter }: Props // Base: 0
+) => (
+  <Box>
+    {items.length > 0 && ( // +1 (&&)
+      <VStack>
+        {items // +1 (map, nested in &&)
+          .filter(i => i.active) // +1 (filter, nested)
+          .map(item => (
+            <Box key={item.id}>
+              {item.isSpecial ? ( // +1 (ternary, deeply nested)
+                <SpecialItem item={item} />
+              ) : (
+                <RegularItem item={item} />
+              )}
+            </Box>
+          ))}
+      </VStack>
+    )}
+  </Box>
+);
+// Total: 4 + nesting penalties ≈ 8-10
+```
+
+## Testing After Refactoring
+
+Always verify the refactoring didn't break functionality:
+
+```bash
+# 1. Verify lint passes
+bun run lint 2>&1 | grep "cognitive-complexity"
+
+# 2. Run unit tests
+bun run test:unit --watch --testPathPattern="ComponentName"
+
+# 3. Run full test suite
+bun run test:unit
+
+# 4. Manual verification
+bun run start:dev
+# Navigate to the refactored component and test interactions
+```
+
+> **Note:** Replace `bun` with your project's package manager (`npm`, `yarn`, `pnpm`) as needed.