@cj-tech-master/excelts 9.4.2 → 9.5.0

package/dist/esm/modules/excel/utils/ooxml-validator/check-chart.js

@@ -0,0 +1,2125 @@
+/**
+ * Chart / chartEx internal structure check.
+ *
+ * Classic charts (`xl/charts/chartN.xml`) must contain both `c:chart` and
+ * `c:plotArea`. ChartEx charts must contain `cx:chart`, `cx:plotArea`
+ * and at least one `cx:series`; series must carry `layoutId` and their
+ * `dataId`/`axisId` back-references must resolve inside the chart.
+ * `cx:externalData` nodes must refer to a declared relationship.
+ *
+ * In addition we catch five chartEx schema-violation patterns that
+ * cause Excel 2016+ to drop the whole chartEx part with "Removed Part:
+ * /xl/drawings/drawingN.xml (Drawing shape)":
+ *
+ *   - `<cx:series>` with more than one `<cx:dataId>` child
+ *     (`CT_Series/dataId` has `maxOccurs="1"`; multi-dim series must
+ *     use a single `<cx:data>` wrapper with multiple strDim/numDim).
+ *   - `<cx:axisId>N</cx:axisId>`, `<cx:dataId>N</cx:dataId>`,
+ *     `<cx:binCount>N</cx:binCount>`, `<cx:binSize>N</cx:binSize>`
+ *     emitted as text content instead of `val="N"` attribute. The
+ *     underlying types are `CT_UnsignedInteger`/`CT_Double`, which
+ *     Excel's strict loader only accepts via the attribute form.
+ *   - `<cx:auto/>` element anywhere in the chartEx. Auto binning is
+ *     expressed by the ABSENCE of `binSize`/`binCount`, not a
+ *     dedicated `<cx:auto/>` tag. The tag is schema-invalid.
+ *   - `<cx:paretoLine>` child of `<cx:layoutPr>`. Not in the
+ *     CT_SeriesLayoutProperties schema. A real pareto chart adds a
+ *     second series with `layoutId="paretoLine"`.
+ *   - `<cx:title>` with a direct `<cx:layout>` child. Title layout
+ *     belongs in `extLst`-based extensions.
+ */
+import { attrByLocalName, collectDescendantsLocal, findChildLocal, findChildrenLocal, hasDescendantLocal, localName, matchesLocal } from "./xml-utils.js";
+const CHART_PATH_RE = /^xl\/charts\/chart\d+\.xml$/;
+const CHARTEX_PATH_RE = /^xl\/charts\/chartEx\d+\.xml$/;
+export function checkChart(ctx) {
+    for (const [path, entry] of ctx.files()) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (entry.type === "directory") {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (CHART_PATH_RE.test(path)) {
+            checkClassicChart(ctx, path);
+        }
+        else if (CHARTEX_PATH_RE.test(path)) {
+            checkChartEx(ctx, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+function checkClassicChart(ctx, path) {
+    const dom = ctx.readDom(path);
+    if (!dom) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const root = dom.root;
+    if (!hasDescendantLocal(root, "chart")) {
+        ctx.reporter.error("chart-missing-chart", `${path}: missing c:chart`, path);
+    }
+    if (!hasDescendantLocal(root, "plotArea")) {
+        ctx.reporter.error("chart-missing-plotArea", `${path}: missing c:plotArea`, path);
+    }
+    // Schema-conformance pass: verifies child-element order, required
+    // child counts, enumerated attribute values and numeric ranges
+    // against ECMA-376 Part 1 §21.2.x / Microsoft OpenXML SDK
+    // ChildElementInfo. See the tables below.
+    checkClassicChartSchema(ctx, path, root);
+}
+const CT_CHART_TYPE_TAGS = [
+    "areaChart",
+    "area3DChart",
+    "lineChart",
+    "line3DChart",
+    "stockChart",
+    "radarChart",
+    "scatterChart",
+    "pieChart",
+    "pie3DChart",
+    "doughnutChart",
+    "barChart",
+    "bar3DChart",
+    "ofPieChart",
+    "surfaceChart",
+    "surface3DChart",
+    "bubbleChart"
+];
+const CT_AXIS_TAGS = ["catAx", "valAx", "dateAx", "serAx"];
+const CLASSIC_ORDER_RULES = [
+    // CT_ChartSpace (§21.2.2.29)
+    {
+        parent: "chartSpace",
+        order: [
+            "lang",
+            "roundedCorners",
+            "style",
+            "clrMapOvr",
+            "pivotSource",
+            "protection",
+            "chart",
+            "spPr",
+            "txPr",
+            "externalData",
+            "printSettings",
+            "userShapes",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_Chart (§21.2.2.27)
+    {
+        parent: "chart",
+        order: [
+            "title",
+            "autoTitleDeleted",
+            "pivotFmts",
+            "view3D",
+            "floor",
+            "sideWall",
+            "backWall",
+            "plotArea",
+            "legend",
+            "plotVisOnly",
+            "dispBlanksAs",
+            "showDLblsOverMax",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_PlotArea (§21.2.2.145). Two `<xsd:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">`
+    // groups — chart-type elements and axis elements — collapse into
+    // bucket placeholders.
+    {
+        parent: "plotArea",
+        order: ["layout", "__CHART_TYPES__", "__AXES__", "dTable", "spPr", "extLst"],
+        choiceGroups: [CT_CHART_TYPE_TAGS, CT_AXIS_TAGS]
+    },
+    // CT_DLbls (§21.2.2.49) — the biggest historical offender.
+    // Separator MUST come before showLeaderLines / leaderLines.
+    {
+        parent: "dLbls",
+        order: [
+            "dLbl",
+            "delete",
+            "numFmt",
+            "spPr",
+            "txPr",
+            "dLblPos",
+            "showLegendKey",
+            "showVal",
+            "showCatName",
+            "showSerName",
+            "showPercent",
+            "showBubbleSize",
+            "separator",
+            "showLeaderLines",
+            "leaderLines",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_DLbl (§21.2.2.47). The `delete` branch is mutually exclusive
+    // with the display-flag branch but we allow the tag here for
+    // ordering purposes; the choice violation is caught separately by
+    // `checkClassicDLblChoice` below.
+    {
+        parent: "dLbl",
+        order: [
+            "idx",
+            "delete",
+            "layout",
+            "tx",
+            "numFmt",
+            "spPr",
+            "txPr",
+            "dLblPos",
+            "showLegendKey",
+            "showVal",
+            "showCatName",
+            "showSerName",
+            "showPercent",
+            "showBubbleSize",
+            "separator",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_Scaling (§21.2.2.195). `max` precedes `min`.
+    { parent: "scaling", order: ["logBase", "orientation", "max", "min", "extLst"] },
+    // CT_CatAx (§21.2.2.25)
+    {
+        parent: "catAx",
+        order: [
+            "axId",
+            "scaling",
+            "delete",
+            "axPos",
+            "majorGridlines",
+            "minorGridlines",
+            "title",
+            "numFmt",
+            "majorTickMark",
+            "minorTickMark",
+            "tickLblPos",
+            "spPr",
+            "txPr",
+            "crossAx",
+            "crosses",
+            "crossesAt",
+            "auto",
+            "lblAlgn",
+            "lblOffset",
+            "tickLblSkip",
+            "tickMarkSkip",
+            "noMultiLvlLbl",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_ValAx (§21.2.2.226)
+    {
+        parent: "valAx",
+        order: [
+            "axId",
+            "scaling",
+            "delete",
+            "axPos",
+            "majorGridlines",
+            "minorGridlines",
+            "title",
+            "numFmt",
+            "majorTickMark",
+            "minorTickMark",
+            "tickLblPos",
+            "spPr",
+            "txPr",
+            "crossAx",
+            "crosses",
+            "crossesAt",
+            "crossBetween",
+            "majorUnit",
+            "minorUnit",
+            "dispUnits",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_DateAx (§21.2.2.39)
+    {
+        parent: "dateAx",
+        order: [
+            "axId",
+            "scaling",
+            "delete",
+            "axPos",
+            "majorGridlines",
+            "minorGridlines",
+            "title",
+            "numFmt",
+            "majorTickMark",
+            "minorTickMark",
+            "tickLblPos",
+            "spPr",
+            "txPr",
+            "crossAx",
+            "crosses",
+            "crossesAt",
+            "auto",
+            "lblOffset",
+            "baseTimeUnit",
+            "majorUnit",
+            "majorTimeUnit",
+            "minorUnit",
+            "minorTimeUnit",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_SerAx (§21.2.2.175)
+    {
+        parent: "serAx",
+        order: [
+            "axId",
+            "scaling",
+            "delete",
+            "axPos",
+            "majorGridlines",
+            "minorGridlines",
+            "title",
+            "numFmt",
+            "majorTickMark",
+            "minorTickMark",
+            "tickLblPos",
+            "spPr",
+            "txPr",
+            "crossAx",
+            "crosses",
+            "crossesAt",
+            "tickLblSkip",
+            "tickMarkSkip",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_Trendline (§21.2.2.211)
+    {
+        parent: "trendline",
+        order: [
+            "name",
+            "spPr",
+            "trendlineType",
+            "order",
+            "period",
+            "forward",
+            "backward",
+            "intercept",
+            "dispRSqr",
+            "dispEq",
+            "trendlineLbl",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_ErrBars (§21.2.2.55)
+    {
+        parent: "errBars",
+        order: [
+            "errDir",
+            "errBarType",
+            "errValType",
+            "noEndCap",
+            "plus",
+            "minus",
+            "val",
+            "spPr",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_View3D (§21.2.2.228)
+    {
+        parent: "view3D",
+        order: ["rotX", "hPercent", "rotY", "depthPercent", "rAngAx", "perspective", "extLst"]
+    },
+    // CT_Legend (§21.2.2.93)
+    {
+        parent: "legend",
+        order: ["legendPos", "legendEntry", "layout", "overlay", "spPr", "txPr", "extLst"]
+    },
+    // CT_Title (§21.2.2.210)
+    { parent: "title", order: ["tx", "layout", "overlay", "spPr", "txPr", "extLst"] },
+    // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Chart-type elements (§21.2.2.4 — §21.2.2.198). Each plotArea
+    // child must list its children in the canonical sequence. Excel
+    // tolerates many mis-orderings but LibreOffice strict mode
+    // rejects them; third-party OOXML validators (Microsoft's SDK,
+    // Calligra, xmllint + XSD) refuse too.
+    // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // CT_AreaChart (§21.2.2.5)
+    {
+        parent: "areaChart",
+        order: ["grouping", "varyColors", "ser", "dLbls", "dropLines", "axId", "extLst"]
+    },
+    // CT_Area3DChart (§21.2.2.4)
+    {
+        parent: "area3DChart",
+        order: ["grouping", "varyColors", "ser", "dLbls", "dropLines", "gapDepth", "axId", "extLst"]
+    },
+    // CT_BarChart (§21.2.2.16)
+    {
+        parent: "barChart",
+        order: [
+            "barDir",
+            "grouping",
+            "varyColors",
+            "ser",
+            "dLbls",
+            "gapWidth",
+            "overlap",
+            "serLines",
+            "axId",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_Bar3DChart (§21.2.2.15)
+    {
+        parent: "bar3DChart",
+        order: [
+            "barDir",
+            "grouping",
+            "varyColors",
+            "ser",
+            "dLbls",
+            "gapWidth",
+            "gapDepth",
+            "shape",
+            "axId",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_LineChart (§21.2.2.97)
+    {
+        parent: "lineChart",
+        order: [
+            "grouping",
+            "varyColors",
+            "ser",
+            "dLbls",
+            "dropLines",
+            "hiLowLines",
+            "upDownBars",
+            "marker",
+            "smooth",
+            "axId",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_Line3DChart (§21.2.2.96)
+    {
+        parent: "line3DChart",
+        order: ["grouping", "varyColors", "ser", "dLbls", "dropLines", "gapDepth", "axId", "extLst"]
+    },
+    // CT_PieChart (§21.2.2.141)
+    { parent: "pieChart", order: ["varyColors", "ser", "dLbls", "firstSliceAng", "extLst"] },
+    // CT_Pie3DChart (§21.2.2.140) — no firstSliceAng, no holeSize.
+    { parent: "pie3DChart", order: ["varyColors", "ser", "dLbls", "extLst"] },
+    // CT_DoughnutChart (§21.2.2.50)
+    {
+        parent: "doughnutChart",
+        order: ["varyColors", "ser", "dLbls", "firstSliceAng", "holeSize", "extLst"]
+    },
+    // CT_OfPieChart (§21.2.2.126)
+    {
+        parent: "ofPieChart",
+        order: [
+            "ofPieType",
+            "varyColors",
+            "ser",
+            "dLbls",
+            "gapWidth",
+            "splitType",
+            "splitPos",
+            "custSplit",
+            "secondPieSize",
+            "serLines",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_ScatterChart (§21.2.2.161)
+    {
+        parent: "scatterChart",
+        order: ["scatterStyle", "varyColors", "ser", "dLbls", "axId", "extLst"]
+    },
+    // CT_BubbleChart (§21.2.2.20)
+    {
+        parent: "bubbleChart",
+        order: [
+            "varyColors",
+            "ser",
+            "dLbls",
+            "bubble3D",
+            "bubbleScale",
+            "showNegBubbles",
+            "sizeRepresents",
+            "axId",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_RadarChart (§21.2.2.153)
+    {
+        parent: "radarChart",
+        order: ["radarStyle", "varyColors", "ser", "dLbls", "axId", "extLst"]
+    },
+    // CT_StockChart (§21.2.2.198)
+    {
+        parent: "stockChart",
+        order: ["ser", "dLbls", "dropLines", "hiLowLines", "upDownBars", "axId", "extLst"]
+    },
+    // CT_SurfaceChart (§21.2.2.193) / CT_Surface3DChart
+    { parent: "surfaceChart", order: ["wireframe", "ser", "bandFmts", "axId", "extLst"] },
+    { parent: "surface3DChart", order: ["wireframe", "ser", "bandFmts", "axId", "extLst"] },
+    // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Auxiliary complex types (§21.2.2.x). Sequences that appear
+    // throughout the chart graph — getting them out of order is a
+    // common bug source (and historically Excel tolerates it while
+    // LibreOffice strict refuses the file).
+    // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // CT_DPt (§21.2.2.52)
+    {
+        parent: "dPt",
+        order: [
+            "idx",
+            "invertIfNegative",
+            "marker",
+            "bubble3D",
+            "explosion",
+            "spPr",
+            "pictureOptions",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_Marker (§21.2.2.106)
+    { parent: "marker", order: ["symbol", "size", "spPr", "extLst"] },
+    // CT_UpDownBars (§21.2.2.218)
+    { parent: "upDownBars", order: ["gapWidth", "upBars", "downBars", "extLst"] },
+    // CT_NumRef / CT_StrRef / CT_MultiLvlStrRef (§21.2.2.121 / .189 / .113)
+    { parent: "numRef", order: ["f", "numCache", "extLst"] },
+    { parent: "strRef", order: ["f", "strCache", "extLst"] },
+    { parent: "multiLvlStrRef", order: ["f", "multiLvlStrCache", "extLst"] },
+    // CT_NumData / CT_StrData (§21.2.2.122 / .188)
+    { parent: "numCache", order: ["formatCode", "ptCount", "pt", "extLst"] },
+    { parent: "strCache", order: ["ptCount", "pt", "extLst"] },
+    { parent: "multiLvlStrCache", order: ["ptCount", "lvl", "extLst"] },
+    // CT_NumLit / CT_StrLit
+    { parent: "numLit", order: ["formatCode", "ptCount", "pt", "extLst"] },
+    { parent: "strLit", order: ["ptCount", "pt", "extLst"] },
+    // CT_Pt (§21.2.2.146): v element; idx is an attribute.
+    { parent: "pt", order: ["v"] },
+    // CT_Layout (§21.2.2.88) / CT_ManualLayout (§21.2.2.105)
+    { parent: "layout", order: ["manualLayout", "extLst"] },
+    {
+        parent: "manualLayout",
+        order: ["layoutTarget", "xMode", "yMode", "wMode", "hMode", "x", "y", "w", "h", "extLst"]
+    },
+    // CT_DTable (§21.2.2.54)
+    {
+        parent: "dTable",
+        order: ["showHorzBorder", "showVertBorder", "showOutline", "showKeys", "spPr", "txPr", "extLst"]
+    },
+    // CT_BandFormats (§21.2.2.12) / CT_BandFormat (§21.2.2.11)
+    { parent: "bandFmts", order: ["bandFmt"] },
+    { parent: "bandFmt", order: ["idx", "spPr"] },
+    // CT_TrendlineLbl (§21.2.2.212) — layout? tx? numFmt? spPr? txPr? extLst?
+    {
+        parent: "trendlineLbl",
+        order: ["layout", "tx", "numFmt", "spPr", "txPr", "extLst"]
+    },
+    // CT_PictureOptions (§21.2.2.144)
+    {
+        parent: "pictureOptions",
+        order: ["applyToFront", "applyToSides", "applyToEnd", "pictureFormat", "pictureStackUnit"]
+    }
+];
+const SERIES_ORDER_RULES = [
+    // CT_BarSer (§21.2.2.17)
+    {
+        chartTypes: ["barChart", "bar3DChart"],
+        order: [
+            "idx",
+            "order",
+            "tx",
+            "spPr",
+            "invertIfNegative",
+            "pictureOptions",
+            "dPt",
+            "dLbls",
+            "trendline",
+            "errBars",
+            "cat",
+            "val",
+            "shape",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_LineSer (§21.2.2.99) — line3D uses same structure.
+    {
+        chartTypes: ["lineChart", "line3DChart", "stockChart"],
+        order: [
+            "idx",
+            "order",
+            "tx",
+            "spPr",
+            "marker",
+            "dPt",
+            "dLbls",
+            "trendline",
+            "errBars",
+            "cat",
+            "val",
+            "smooth",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_PieSer (§21.2.2.149) — pie / pie3D / doughnut / ofPie share.
+    {
+        chartTypes: ["pieChart", "pie3DChart", "doughnutChart", "ofPieChart"],
+        order: ["idx", "order", "tx", "spPr", "explosion", "dPt", "dLbls", "cat", "val", "extLst"]
+    },
+    // CT_AreaSer (§21.2.2.3)
+    {
+        chartTypes: ["areaChart", "area3DChart"],
+        order: [
+            "idx",
+            "order",
+            "tx",
+            "spPr",
+            "pictureOptions",
+            "dPt",
+            "dLbls",
+            "trendline",
+            "errBars",
+            "cat",
+            "val",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_ScatterSer (§21.2.2.167)
+    {
+        chartTypes: ["scatterChart"],
+        order: [
+            "idx",
+            "order",
+            "tx",
+            "spPr",
+            "marker",
+            "dPt",
+            "dLbls",
+            "trendline",
+            "errBars",
+            "xVal",
+            "yVal",
+            "smooth",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_BubbleSer (§21.2.2.19)
+    {
+        chartTypes: ["bubbleChart"],
+        order: [
+            "idx",
+            "order",
+            "tx",
+            "spPr",
+            "invertIfNegative",
+            "dPt",
+            "dLbls",
+            "trendline",
+            "errBars",
+            "xVal",
+            "yVal",
+            "bubbleSize",
+            "bubble3D",
+            "extLst"
+        ]
+    },
+    // CT_RadarSer (§21.2.2.153)
+    {
+        chartTypes: ["radarChart"],
+        order: ["idx", "order", "tx", "spPr", "marker", "dPt", "dLbls", "cat", "val", "extLst"]
+    },
+    // CT_SurfaceSer (§21.2.2.191)
+    {
+        chartTypes: ["surfaceChart", "surface3DChart"],
+        order: ["idx", "order", "tx", "spPr", "cat", "val", "extLst"]
+    }
+];
+const CLASSIC_REQUIRED_CHILDREN = [
+    // Chart types that plot against a Cartesian coordinate system
+    // reference their axes by `c:axId`. 2-D variants need exactly two
+    // axis references, 3-D variants need three (X / Y / Z / series).
+    { parent: "barChart", child: "axId", min: 2, max: 2 },
+    { parent: "barChart", child: "barDir", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "bar3DChart", child: "axId", min: 3, max: 3 },
+    { parent: "bar3DChart", child: "barDir", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "lineChart", child: "axId", min: 2, max: 2 },
+    { parent: "lineChart", child: "grouping", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "line3DChart", child: "axId", min: 3, max: 3 },
+    { parent: "line3DChart", child: "grouping", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "areaChart", child: "axId", min: 2, max: 2 },
+    { parent: "area3DChart", child: "axId", min: 3, max: 3 },
+    { parent: "scatterChart", child: "axId", min: 2, max: 2 },
+    { parent: "scatterChart", child: "scatterStyle", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "bubbleChart", child: "axId", min: 2, max: 2 },
+    { parent: "radarChart", child: "axId", min: 2, max: 2 },
+    { parent: "radarChart", child: "radarStyle", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "stockChart", child: "axId", min: 2, max: 2 },
+    { parent: "surfaceChart", child: "axId", min: 3, max: 3 },
+    { parent: "surface3DChart", child: "axId", min: 3, max: 3 },
+    { parent: "ofPieChart", child: "ofPieType", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    // Axes require axId / scaling / axPos / crossAx.
+    { parent: "catAx", child: "axId", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "catAx", child: "scaling", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "catAx", child: "axPos", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "catAx", child: "crossAx", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "valAx", child: "axId", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "valAx", child: "scaling", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "valAx", child: "axPos", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "valAx", child: "crossAx", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "dateAx", child: "axId", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "dateAx", child: "scaling", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "dateAx", child: "axPos", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "dateAx", child: "crossAx", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "serAx", child: "axId", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "serAx", child: "scaling", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "serAx", child: "axPos", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "serAx", child: "crossAx", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    // Every series carries idx + order.
+    { parent: "ser", child: "idx", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "ser", child: "order", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    // Trendline / errBars / dPt / dLbl header attributes.
+    { parent: "trendline", child: "trendlineType", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "errBars", child: "errBarType", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "errBars", child: "errValType", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "dPt", child: "idx", min: 1, max: 1 },
+    { parent: "dLbl", child: "idx", min: 1, max: 1 }
+];
+const CLASSIC_ENUM_RULES = [
+    { element: "barDir", attr: "val", allowed: ["bar", "col"] },
+    {
+        element: "grouping",
+        attr: "val",
+        allowed: ["standard", "stacked", "percentStacked", "clustered"]
+    },
+    { element: "orientation", attr: "val", allowed: ["minMax", "maxMin"] },
+    { element: "ofPieType", attr: "val", allowed: ["pie", "bar"] },
+    {
+        element: "dLblPos",
+        attr: "val",
+        allowed: ["b", "bestFit", "ctr", "inBase", "inEnd", "l", "outEnd", "r", "t"]
+    },
+    { element: "legendPos", attr: "val", allowed: ["b", "l", "r", "t", "tr"] },
+    {
+        element: "scatterStyle",
+        attr: "val",
+        allowed: ["none", "line", "lineMarker", "marker", "smooth", "smoothMarker"]
+    },
+    { element: "radarStyle", attr: "val", allowed: ["standard", "marker", "filled"] },
+    { element: "dispBlanksAs", attr: "val", allowed: ["span", "gap", "zero"] },
+    { element: "splitType", attr: "val", allowed: ["auto", "cust", "percent", "pos", "val"] },
+    {
+        element: "shape",
+        attr: "val",
+        allowed: ["cone", "coneToMax", "box", "cylinder", "pyramid", "pyramidToMax"]
+    },
+    { element: "crosses", attr: "val", allowed: ["autoZero", "min", "max"] },
+    { element: "crossBetween", attr: "val", allowed: ["between", "midCat"] },
+    { element: "lblAlgn", attr: "val", allowed: ["ctr", "l", "r"] },
+    { element: "axPos", attr: "val", allowed: ["b", "l", "r", "t"] },
+    { element: "majorTickMark", attr: "val", allowed: ["cross", "in", "none", "out"] },
+    { element: "minorTickMark", attr: "val", allowed: ["cross", "in", "none", "out"] },
+    { element: "tickLblPos", attr: "val", allowed: ["high", "low", "nextTo", "none"] },
+    { element: "baseTimeUnit", attr: "val", allowed: ["days", "months", "years"] },
+    { element: "majorTimeUnit", attr: "val", allowed: ["days", "months", "years"] },
+    { element: "minorTimeUnit", attr: "val", allowed: ["days", "months", "years"] },
+    {
+        element: "trendlineType",
+        attr: "val",
+        allowed: ["exp", "linear", "log", "movingAvg", "poly", "power"]
+    },
+    { element: "errDir", attr: "val", allowed: ["x", "y"] },
+    { element: "errBarType", attr: "val", allowed: ["both", "minus", "plus"] },
+    {
+        element: "errValType",
+        attr: "val",
+        allowed: ["cust", "fixedVal", "percentage", "stdDev", "stdErr"]
+    },
+    {
+        element: "symbol",
+        attr: "val",
+        allowed: [
+            "auto",
+            "circle",
+            "dash",
+            "diamond",
+            "dot",
+            "none",
+            "picture",
+            "plus",
+            "square",
+            "star",
+            "triangle",
+            "x"
+        ]
+    },
+    { element: "sizeRepresents", attr: "val", allowed: ["area", "w"] },
+    // DrawingML theme-palette slots — `<a:schemeClr val>` must be one
+    // of the 17 canonical slot names per ECMA-376 §20.1.10.54
+    // (`ST_SchemeColorVal`). Typos here either inherit Excel's
+    // "Accent 1" default or strip the fill entirely depending on
+    // build.
+    {
+        element: "schemeClr",
+        attr: "val",
+        allowed: [
+            "bg1",
+            "bg2",
+            "tx1",
+            "tx2",
+            "accent1",
+            "accent2",
+            "accent3",
+            "accent4",
+            "accent5",
+            "accent6",
+            "hlink",
+            "folHlink",
+            "phClr",
+            "dk1",
+            "dk2",
+            "lt1",
+            "lt2"
+        ]
+    }
+];
+const CLASSIC_RANGE_RULES = [
+    { element: "holeSize", attr: "val", min: 10, max: 90 },
+    { element: "firstSliceAng", attr: "val", min: 0, max: 360 },
+    { element: "overlap", attr: "val", min: -100, max: 100 },
+    { element: "gapWidth", attr: "val", min: 0, max: 500 },
+    { element: "gapDepth", attr: "val", min: 0, max: 500 },
+    { element: "rotX", attr: "val", min: -90, max: 90 },
+    { element: "rotY", attr: "val", min: 0, max: 360 },
+    { element: "perspective", attr: "val", min: 0, max: 240 },
+    { element: "hPercent", attr: "val", min: 5, max: 500 },
+    { element: "depthPercent", attr: "val", min: 20, max: 2000 },
+    { element: "bubbleScale", attr: "val", min: 0, max: 300 },
+    { element: "secondPieSize", attr: "val", min: 5, max: 200 },
+    // Axis units must be strictly positive. `Number.EPSILON` is a
+    // close-to-zero sentinel that rejects 0 and negatives while
+    // permitting the smallest finite positive a double can express.
+    { element: "majorUnit", attr: "val", min: Number.EPSILON, max: Number.MAX_VALUE },
+    { element: "minorUnit", attr: "val", min: Number.EPSILON, max: Number.MAX_VALUE },
+    // Tick-label / tick-mark skip: 1 = every tick, so >= 1 per schema
+    // (CT_Skip uses `xsd:unsignedInt` with a required minimum of 1).
+    { element: "tickLblSkip", attr: "val", min: 1, max: Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER },
+    { element: "tickMarkSkip", attr: "val", min: 1, max: Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER },
+    // DrawingML `<a:alpha val>` is CT_PositiveFixedPercentage
+    // (0 to 100000 representing 0% to 100%).
+    { element: "alpha", attr: "val", min: 0, max: 100000 }
+];
+function checkClassicChartSchema(ctx, path, root) {
+    checkClassicChildOrder(ctx, path, root);
+    checkClassicRequiredChildren(ctx, path, root);
+    checkClassicEnumValues(ctx, path, root);
+    checkClassicNumericRanges(ctx, path, root);
+    checkClassicDLblChoice(ctx, path, root);
+    checkContextAwareChartRules(ctx, path, root);
+    checkDataReferenceStructure(ctx, path, root);
+    checkSeriesChildOrder(ctx, path, root);
+    checkAxIdResolution(ctx, path, root);
+    checkErrBarsConditionalChildren(ctx, path, root);
+    checkTxChoice(ctx, path, root);
+    checkSeriesChildWhitelist(ctx, path, root);
+    checkSrgbClrFormat(ctx, path, root);
+    checkNumFmtFormatCode(ctx, path, root);
+    checkRichStructure(ctx, path, root);
+    // Cross-part reference checks — these reach into `xl/theme/theme1.xml`
+    // and `xl/workbook.xml` via ctx.readDom (cached).
+    checkThemeSchemeColorSlots(ctx, path, root);
+    checkFormulaSyntax(ctx, path, root);
+    checkDefinedNameResolution(ctx, path, root);
+}
+function checkClassicChildOrder(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const rule of CLASSIC_ORDER_RULES) {
+        for (const parent of collectDescendantsLocal(root, rule.parent)) {
+            if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+                return;
+            }
+            const children = parent.children.filter(c => c.type === "element");
+            const rankOf = (tag) => {
+                if (rule.choiceGroups) {
+                    for (let i = 0; i < rule.choiceGroups.length; i++) {
+                        if (rule.choiceGroups[i].includes(tag)) {
+                            // Every tag in the same choice group maps to the same
+                            // virtual bucket ("__CHART_TYPES__" / "__AXES__") so
+                            // they compare equal in sibling-order checks.
+                            return rule.order.indexOf(`__${i === 0 ? "CHART_TYPES" : "AXES"}__`);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                return rule.order.indexOf(tag);
+            };
+            let lastRank = -1;
+            let lastTag = "";
+            for (const child of children) {
+                const name = localName(child.name);
+                const rank = rankOf(name);
+                if (rank < 0) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (rank < lastRank) {
+                    ctx.reporter.error("chart-child-out-of-order", `${path}: <c:${rule.parent}> child <c:${name}> appears after <c:${lastTag}> — ECMA-376 requires it before per CT_${capitalise(rule.parent)}.`, path);
+                }
+                if (rank >= lastRank) {
+                    lastRank = rank;
+                    lastTag = name;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+function checkClassicRequiredChildren(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const rule of CLASSIC_REQUIRED_CHILDREN) {
+        for (const parent of collectDescendantsLocal(root, rule.parent)) {
+            if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+                return;
+            }
+            const n = findChildrenLocal(parent, rule.child).length;
+            if (n < rule.min) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-missing-required-child", `${path}: <c:${rule.parent}> has ${n} <c:${rule.child}> child(ren); schema requires at least ${rule.min}.`, path);
+            }
+            if (rule.max !== undefined && n > rule.max) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-wrong-child-count", `${path}: <c:${rule.parent}> has ${n} <c:${rule.child}> child(ren); schema permits at most ${rule.max}.`, path);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+function checkClassicEnumValues(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const rule of CLASSIC_ENUM_RULES) {
+        for (const el of collectDescendantsLocal(root, rule.element)) {
+            if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+                return;
+            }
+            const val = attrByLocalName(el, rule.attr);
+            if (val === undefined) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (!rule.allowed.includes(val)) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-invalid-enum-value", `${path}: <c:${rule.element} ${rule.attr}="${val}"> — ${val} is not in {${rule.allowed.join(", ")}}.`, path);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+function checkClassicNumericRanges(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const rule of CLASSIC_RANGE_RULES) {
+        for (const el of collectDescendantsLocal(root, rule.element)) {
+            if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+                return;
+            }
+            const raw = attrByLocalName(el, rule.attr);
+            if (raw === undefined) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const num = parseFloat(raw);
+            if (!Number.isFinite(num)) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-value-out-of-range", `${path}: <c:${rule.element} ${rule.attr}="${raw}"> is not a finite number.`, path);
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (num < rule.min || num > rule.max) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-value-out-of-range", `${path}: <c:${rule.element} ${rule.attr}="${num}"> outside [${rule.min}, ${rule.max}].`, path);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * `CT_DLbl` is `idx, choice(delete | (layout, tx, numFmt, spPr,
+ * txPr, dLblPos, show*..., separator)), extLst?`. The two choice
+ * branches are mutually exclusive — emitting `delete` alongside
+ * any display-flag child is a schema violation that Excel's
+ * loader has been observed to handle inconsistently (some builds
+ * strip the label wholesale, others silently drop `delete`).
+ */
+function checkClassicDLblChoice(ctx, path, root) {
+    const displayBranchTags = new Set([
+        "layout",
+        "tx",
+        "numFmt",
+        "spPr",
+        "txPr",
+        "dLblPos",
+        "showLegendKey",
+        "showVal",
+        "showCatName",
+        "showSerName",
+        "showPercent",
+        "showBubbleSize",
+        "separator"
+    ]);
+    for (const dLbl of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "dLbl")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const hasDelete = findChildLocal(dLbl, "delete") !== undefined;
+        if (!hasDelete) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        const conflictingChild = dLbl.children.find(c => c.type === "element" && displayBranchTags.has(localName(c.name)));
+        if (conflictingChild) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chart-child-out-of-order", `${path}: <c:dLbl> has both <c:delete> and <c:${localName(conflictingChild.name)}>; CT_DLbl's choice group requires one branch or the other, never both.`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+function capitalise(s) {
+    return s.length === 0 ? s : s.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + s.slice(1);
+}
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Context-aware rules — chart-type-specific restrictions that the
+// generic schema tables above cannot express. Each rule scopes itself
+// to one or more `c:*Chart` parents so the same child element gets
+// validated differently based on where it lives.
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+ * Per-chart-type `c:dLblPos` allow-list. Although ECMA-376 `ST_DLblPos`
+ * permits all nine values globally, Excel's reader applies a stricter
+ * per-context filter that mirrors the "Label Position" picker in the
+ * Format Data Labels panel. Emitting a value outside the allow-list
+ * triggers "Repaired Records: Drawing" on open, and — for doughnut —
+ * causes the entire `drawing*.xml` part to be stripped.
+ *
+ * - `doughnut`: Excel's UI exposes no position choices at all; any
+ *   `c:dLblPos` in a doughnut chart's `c:dLbls` causes the drawing
+ *   part to be removed on open.
+ * - `bar` / `bar3D`: only the four "in/out/base/centre" positions.
+ *   `inBase` is unique to bar and anchors the label to the axis end.
+ * - `line`, `line3D`, `scatter`, `bubble`, `radar`, `stock`: only the
+ *   five cartesian positions (centre, above, below, left, right).
+ * - `pie`, `pie3D`, `ofPie`: the pie label set — bestFit is Excel's
+ *   default and the only value that lets Excel place labels with
+ *   automatic leader lines.
+ * - `area`, `area3D`: Excel only accepts `ctr` for area fills.
+ * - `surface`, `surface3D`: data labels are forbidden entirely (see
+ *   `FORBIDDEN_CHILDREN_BY_CHART_TYPE` below).
+ */
+const VALID_DLBL_POSITIONS_BY_CHART_TYPE = {
+    barChart: new Set(["ctr", "inBase", "inEnd", "outEnd"]),
+    bar3DChart: new Set(["ctr", "inBase", "inEnd", "outEnd"]),
+    lineChart: new Set(["ctr", "l", "r", "t", "b"]),
+    line3DChart: new Set(["ctr", "l", "r", "t", "b"]),
+    scatterChart: new Set(["ctr", "l", "r", "t", "b"]),
+    bubbleChart: new Set(["ctr", "l", "r", "t", "b"]),
+    radarChart: new Set(["ctr", "l", "r", "t", "b"]),
+    stockChart: new Set(["ctr", "l", "r", "t", "b"]),
+    pieChart: new Set(["bestFit", "ctr", "inEnd", "outEnd"]),
+    pie3DChart: new Set(["bestFit", "ctr", "inEnd", "outEnd"]),
+    ofPieChart: new Set(["bestFit", "ctr", "inEnd", "outEnd"]),
+    doughnutChart: new Set(),
+    areaChart: new Set(["ctr"]),
+    area3DChart: new Set(["ctr"])
+};
+/**
+ * `c:trendline` and `c:errBars` are forbidden inside pie-family
+ * series (`CT_PieSer` has neither slot per schema). They are also
+ * forbidden on surface series. Emitting one produces a series Excel
+ * refuses to render. `c:dataLabels` is forbidden on surface series.
+ */
+const FORBIDDEN_CHILDREN_BY_CHART_TYPE = {
+    pieChart: new Set(["trendline", "errBars"]),
+    pie3DChart: new Set(["trendline", "errBars"]),
+    doughnutChart: new Set(["trendline", "errBars"]),
+    ofPieChart: new Set(["trendline", "errBars"]),
+    surfaceChart: new Set(["trendline", "errBars", "dLbls", "marker"]),
+    surface3DChart: new Set(["trendline", "errBars", "dLbls", "marker"])
+};
+/**
+ * `c:errBars` maxOccurs per series, per parent chart type.
+ *
+ * Scatter and bubble series use `CT_ScatterSer` / `CT_BubbleSer` whose
+ * `errBars` element has `maxOccurs="2"` — one for direction `x`, one
+ * for direction `y`. Every other series type caps at 1. Two entries
+ * with the same `c:errDir` inside the same series are a schema
+ * violation; Excel silently drops the duplicate (first one wins).
+ */
+const ERRBARS_MAX_BY_CHART_TYPE = {
+    scatterChart: 2,
+    bubbleChart: 2,
+    barChart: 1,
+    bar3DChart: 1,
+    lineChart: 1,
+    line3DChart: 1,
+    areaChart: 1,
+    area3DChart: 1,
+    radarChart: 1,
+    stockChart: 1
+};
+/**
+ * Required series count per chart type. `stockChart` needs 3 or 4
+ * series (HLC or OHLC); everything else needs at least 1.
+ */
+const SERIES_COUNT_BY_CHART_TYPE = {
+    barChart: { min: 1 },
+    bar3DChart: { min: 1 },
+    lineChart: { min: 1 },
+    line3DChart: { min: 1 },
+    areaChart: { min: 1 },
+    area3DChart: { min: 1 },
+    scatterChart: { min: 1 },
+    bubbleChart: { min: 1 },
+    radarChart: { min: 1 },
+    pieChart: { min: 1 },
+    pie3DChart: { min: 1 },
+    doughnutChart: { min: 1 },
+    ofPieChart: { min: 1 },
+    surfaceChart: { min: 1 },
+    surface3DChart: { min: 1 },
+    stockChart: { min: 3, max: 4 }
+};
+/**
+ * Walk each chart-type group in the plot area and apply the
+ * context-sensitive rules above:
+ *   - `c:dLblPos` value matches the allow-list for this type.
+ *   - `c:trendline` / `c:errBars` not present when forbidden.
+ *   - `c:errBars` cardinality + `c:errDir` uniqueness.
+ *   - Series count within the schema-permitted range.
+ *   - Series `c:idx` / `c:order` values unique inside the group.
+ */
+function checkContextAwareChartRules(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const chartType of Object.keys(VALID_DLBL_POSITIONS_BY_CHART_TYPE)) {
+        for (const group of collectDescendantsLocal(root, chartType)) {
+            if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+                return;
+            }
+            checkDLblPosForChartType(ctx, path, group, chartType);
+            checkForbiddenSeriesChildren(ctx, path, group, chartType);
+            checkErrBarsCardinality(ctx, path, group, chartType);
+            checkSeriesIdxOrderUnique(ctx, path, group, chartType);
+            checkSeriesCount(ctx, path, group, chartType);
+        }
+    }
+    // Surface / surface3D only participate in series-count + forbidden-
+    // children checks — no dLblPos allow-list because Excel rejects
+    // data labels on them wholesale.
+    for (const chartType of ["surfaceChart", "surface3DChart"]) {
+        for (const group of collectDescendantsLocal(root, chartType)) {
+            if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+                return;
+            }
+            checkForbiddenSeriesChildren(ctx, path, group, chartType);
+            checkSeriesCount(ctx, path, group, chartType);
+            checkSeriesIdxOrderUnique(ctx, path, group, chartType);
+        }
+    }
+}
+function checkDLblPosForChartType(ctx, path, group, chartType) {
+    const allowed = VALID_DLBL_POSITIONS_BY_CHART_TYPE[chartType];
+    if (!allowed) {
+        return;
+    }
+    for (const pos of collectDescendantsLocal(group, "dLblPos")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const val = attrByLocalName(pos, "val");
+        if (val === undefined) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!allowed.has(val)) {
+            const allowedList = allowed.size === 0
+                ? "(none — this chart type does not accept c:dLblPos)"
+                : [...allowed].sort().join(", ");
+            ctx.reporter.error("chart-invalid-enum-value", `${path}: <c:dLblPos val="${val}"> inside <c:${chartType}> — Excel only accepts {${allowedList}} for this chart type.`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+function checkForbiddenSeriesChildren(ctx, path, group, chartType) {
+    const forbidden = FORBIDDEN_CHILDREN_BY_CHART_TYPE[chartType];
+    if (!forbidden || forbidden.size === 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+    for (const series of findChildrenLocal(group, "ser")) {
+        for (const child of series.children) {
+            if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+                return;
+            }
+            if (child.type !== "element") {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const name = localName(child.name);
+            if (forbidden.has(name)) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-forbidden-child", `${path}: <c:ser> inside <c:${chartType}> contains <c:${name}>, which is not allowed for this chart type per ECMA-376.`, path);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // Surface charts forbid dLbls at the GROUP level too.
+    if (forbidden.has("dLbls")) {
+        for (const dLbls of findChildrenLocal(group, "dLbls")) {
+            if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+                return;
+            }
+            void dLbls;
+            ctx.reporter.error("chart-forbidden-child", `${path}: <c:${chartType}> contains group-level <c:dLbls>, which is not allowed for this chart type.`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+function checkErrBarsCardinality(ctx, path, group, chartType) {
+    const max = ERRBARS_MAX_BY_CHART_TYPE[chartType];
+    if (max === undefined) {
+        return;
+    }
+    for (const series of findChildrenLocal(group, "ser")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const errBars = findChildrenLocal(series, "errBars");
+        if (errBars.length > max) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chart-wrong-child-count", `${path}: <c:ser> inside <c:${chartType}> has ${errBars.length} <c:errBars> children; schema permits at most ${max}.`, path);
+        }
+        // When maxOccurs=2 (scatter/bubble), the two entries must carry
+        // distinct `c:errDir` values.
+        if (errBars.length === 2) {
+            const dirs = errBars.map(eb => {
+                const dirEl = findChildLocal(eb, "errDir");
+                return dirEl ? attrByLocalName(dirEl, "val") : undefined;
+            });
+            if (dirs[0] !== undefined && dirs[1] !== undefined && dirs[0] === dirs[1]) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-duplicate-errBars-direction", `${path}: <c:ser> inside <c:${chartType}> has two <c:errBars> with the same <c:errDir val="${dirs[0]}"> — schema requires distinct directions (x + y).`, path);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+function checkSeriesIdxOrderUnique(ctx, path, group, chartType) {
+    const series = findChildrenLocal(group, "ser");
+    const seenIdx = new Set();
+    const seenOrder = new Set();
+    for (const s of series) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const idxEl = findChildLocal(s, "idx");
+        const orderEl = findChildLocal(s, "order");
+        const idx = idxEl ? attrByLocalName(idxEl, "val") : undefined;
+        const order = orderEl ? attrByLocalName(orderEl, "val") : undefined;
+        if (idx !== undefined) {
+            if (seenIdx.has(idx)) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-duplicate-series-idx", `${path}: <c:${chartType}> has two <c:ser> entries with <c:idx val="${idx}">; idx must be unique within a chart-type group.`, path);
+            }
+            seenIdx.add(idx);
+        }
+        if (order !== undefined) {
+            if (seenOrder.has(order)) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-duplicate-series-order", `${path}: <c:${chartType}> has two <c:ser> entries with <c:order val="${order}">; order must be unique within a chart-type group.`, path);
+            }
+            seenOrder.add(order);
+        }
+    }
+}
+function checkSeriesCount(ctx, path, group, chartType) {
+    const bounds = SERIES_COUNT_BY_CHART_TYPE[chartType];
+    if (!bounds) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const count = findChildrenLocal(group, "ser").length;
+    if (count < bounds.min) {
+        ctx.reporter.error("chart-missing-required-child", `${path}: <c:${chartType}> has ${count} <c:ser> children; schema requires at least ${bounds.min}${bounds.max !== undefined ? ` (and at most ${bounds.max})` : ""}.`, path);
+    }
+    if (bounds.max !== undefined && count > bounds.max) {
+        ctx.reporter.error("chart-wrong-child-count", `${path}: <c:${chartType}> has ${count} <c:ser> children; schema permits at most ${bounds.max}.`, path);
+    }
+}
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Data-reference structural checks — `c:numRef` / `c:strRef` /
+// `c:multiLvlStrRef` require `c:f`; their caches require `c:ptCount`;
+// every `c:pt` inside a cache needs `@idx` and a `c:v` child; `c:pt
+// idx` must stay inside the declared cache range.
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+const REF_ELEMENTS = ["numRef", "strRef", "multiLvlStrRef"];
+const LIT_ELEMENTS = ["numLit", "strLit"];
+const CACHE_ELEMENTS = ["numCache", "strCache", "multiLvlStrCache"];
+function checkDataReferenceStructure(ctx, path, root) {
+    // `c:numRef`, `c:strRef`, `c:multiLvlStrRef` must carry `c:f`.
+    for (const refName of REF_ELEMENTS) {
+        for (const ref of collectDescendantsLocal(root, refName)) {
+            if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+                return;
+            }
+            if (!findChildLocal(ref, "f")) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-missing-required-child", `${path}: <c:${refName}> is missing the required <c:f> formula child.`, path);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // `c:numLit` / `c:strLit` should carry `c:ptCount`.
+    for (const litName of LIT_ELEMENTS) {
+        for (const lit of collectDescendantsLocal(root, litName)) {
+            if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+                return;
+            }
+            if (!findChildLocal(lit, "ptCount")) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-missing-required-child", `${path}: <c:${litName}> is missing the required <c:ptCount> child.`, path);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // Caches + `c:pt` integrity.
+    for (const cacheName of CACHE_ELEMENTS) {
+        for (const cache of collectDescendantsLocal(root, cacheName)) {
+            if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+                return;
+            }
+            const ptCountEl = findChildLocal(cache, "ptCount");
+            const ptCountVal = ptCountEl ? parseInt(attrByLocalName(ptCountEl, "val") ?? "", 10) : NaN;
+            const points = findChildrenLocal(cache, "pt");
+            for (const pt of points) {
+                const idxRaw = attrByLocalName(pt, "idx");
+                if (idxRaw === undefined) {
+                    ctx.reporter.error("chart-missing-required-child", `${path}: <c:pt> inside <c:${cacheName}> is missing the required idx attribute.`, path);
+                    continue;
+                }
+                const idx = parseInt(idxRaw, 10);
+                if (Number.isFinite(ptCountVal) && (idx < 0 || idx >= ptCountVal)) {
+                    ctx.reporter.error("chart-pt-idx-out-of-range", `${path}: <c:pt idx="${idx}"> outside declared range [0, ${ptCountVal - 1}] (from <c:ptCount val="${ptCountVal}">).`, path);
+                }
+                // `numCache` / `strCache` points need a `c:v` child carrying
+                // the cached value.
+                if (cacheName !== "multiLvlStrCache" && !findChildLocal(pt, "v")) {
+                    ctx.reporter.error("chart-missing-required-child", `${path}: <c:pt idx="${idx}"> inside <c:${cacheName}> is missing the required <c:v> value child.`, path);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// End of classic chart schema conformance
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+function checkChartEx(ctx, path) {
+    const dom = ctx.readDom(path);
+    if (!dom) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const root = dom.root;
+    if (!hasDescendantLocal(root, "chart")) {
+        ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-missing-chart", `${path}: missing cx:chart`, path);
+    }
+    if (!hasDescendantLocal(root, "plotArea")) {
+        ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-missing-plotArea", `${path}: missing cx:plotArea`, path);
+    }
+    const seriesList = collectDescendantsLocal(root, "series");
+    if (seriesList.length === 0) {
+        ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-missing-series", `${path}: missing cx:series`, path);
+        return;
+    }
+    const dataIds = new Set(collectDescendantsLocal(root, "data")
+        .map(el => parseInt(attrByLocalName(el, "id") ?? "", 10))
+        .filter(Number.isFinite));
+    const axisIds = new Set(collectDescendantsLocal(root, "axis")
+        .map(el => parseInt(attrByLocalName(el, "id") ?? "", 10))
+        .filter(Number.isFinite));
+    for (const series of seriesList) {
+        if (!attrByLocalName(series, "layoutId")) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-series-missing-layoutId", `${path}: cx:series missing layoutId`, path);
+        }
+        const dataIdChildren = findChildrenLocal(series, "dataId");
+        // Schema cardinality: `CT_Series/dataId` has `maxOccurs="1"`.
+        // Multi-dimensional series (box-whisker, sunburst, treemap) must
+        // point at a single `<cx:data>` entry that holds every strDim /
+        // numDim they need; emitting multiple dataIds tells Excel the
+        // series references multiple data entries which is the "Removed
+        // Part: drawingN.xml" trigger.
+        if (dataIdChildren.length > 1) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-series-too-many-dataId", `${path}: cx:series has ${dataIdChildren.length} <cx:dataId> children; schema permits at most 1. ` +
+                `Consolidate the referenced <cx:data> entries into a single entry.`, path);
+        }
+        for (const dataId of dataIdChildren) {
+            const id = parseInt(attrByLocalName(dataId, "val") ?? "", 10);
+            if (!dataIds.has(id)) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-series-missing-data-id", `${path}: cx:series references missing cx:data id ${attrByLocalName(dataId, "val")}`, path);
+            }
+        }
+        for (const axisId of findChildrenLocal(series, "axisId")) {
+            const id = parseInt(attrByLocalName(axisId, "val") ?? "", 10);
+            if (!axisIds.has(id)) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-series-missing-axis-id", `${path}: cx:series references missing cx:axis id ${attrByLocalName(axisId, "val")}`, path);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // externalData (e.g. cx:externalData r:id="...") must resolve in the chart's rels.
+    const externalDataRids = collectDescendantsLocal(root, "externalData")
+        .map(el => attrByLocalName(el, "id"))
+        .filter((id) => !!id);
+    if (externalDataRids.length > 0) {
+        const relsPath = chartRelsPath(path);
+        const rels = ctx.readRels(relsPath);
+        for (const rid of externalDataRids) {
+            if (!rels.byId.has(rid)) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-externalData-missing-rel", `${path}: cx:externalData references missing relationship ${rid}`, path);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // Schema-conformance checks: text-form violations of typed elements,
+    // invalid `<cx:auto/>` element, `<cx:paretoLine>` in layoutPr, and
+    // direct `<cx:layout>` child of `<cx:title>`.
+    checkTypedElementAttrForm(ctx, path, root);
+    checkInvalidAutoElement(ctx, path, root);
+    checkParetoLineInLayoutPr(ctx, path, root);
+    checkTitleDirectLayoutChild(ctx, path, root);
+    // Tier-2 semantic checks.
+    checkAxisPosAndType(ctx, path, root);
+    checkSeriesFDefinedName(ctx, path, root);
+    checkWaterfallSubtotals(ctx, path, root);
+}
+/**
+ * `<cx:axisId>`, `<cx:dataId>`, `<cx:binCount>`, `<cx:binSize>` and
+ * their siblings use the `val="N"` attribute form. Earlier writer
+ * revisions serialised them as text content (`<cx:axisId>2</cx:axisId>`),
+ * which Excel's strict loader rejects. Flag every occurrence so the
+ * output never regresses to the broken shape.
+ */
+const TYPED_ATTR_ONLY_ELEMENTS = ["axisId", "dataId", "binCount", "binSize"];
+function checkTypedElementAttrForm(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const name of TYPED_ATTR_ONLY_ELEMENTS) {
+        for (const el of collectDescendantsLocal(root, name)) {
+            if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+                return;
+            }
+            const val = attrByLocalName(el, "val");
+            const text = directTextContent(el).trim();
+            // Missing `val` AND present non-empty text = the broken text-form.
+            if (val === undefined && text.length > 0) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-typed-element-text-form", `${path}: <cx:${name}>${text}</cx:${name}> uses text-content form; schema requires val="${text}" attribute.`, path);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * `<cx:auto/>` is NOT a valid element — auto binning is expressed by
+ * the absence of both `binSize` and `binCount` inside `<cx:binning>`.
+ * A literal `<cx:auto/>` tag anywhere in the chartEx makes Excel drop
+ * the part on load.
+ */
+function checkInvalidAutoElement(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const _el of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "auto")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-invalid-auto-element", `${path}: <cx:auto/> element is not in the chartEx schema. ` +
+            `Auto binning is expressed by omitting both <cx:binSize> and <cx:binCount>.`, path);
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * `<cx:paretoLine>` is not a child of `<cx:layoutPr>` in the schema.
+ * A real pareto chart expresses the line as a second `<cx:series>` with
+ * `layoutId="paretoLine"`. The mis-placed child made earlier Excel
+ * builds reject the chartEx.
+ */
+function checkParetoLineInLayoutPr(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const lp of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "layoutPr")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const pl = findChildLocal(lp, "paretoLine");
+        if (pl) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-paretoLine-in-layoutPr", `${path}: <cx:paretoLine> is not a valid child of <cx:layoutPr>. ` +
+                `Add a second <cx:series layoutId="paretoLine"/> instead.`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * `<cx:title><cx:layout/></cx:title>` is schema-invalid. Title layout
+ * lives in `extLst`-based extensions or (in some clients) `<cx:offset>`
+ * — never as a direct `<cx:layout>` child.
+ */
+function checkTitleDirectLayoutChild(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const title of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "title")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const layout = findChildLocal(title, "layout");
+        if (layout) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-title-direct-layout", `${path}: <cx:title> has a direct <cx:layout> child. Title layout ` +
+                `information belongs in extLst-based extensions.`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Concatenate direct text/cdata children of an element, ignoring any
+ * nested elements. Useful for "typed element with stray text content"
+ * detection where a nested element's text should NOT count as the
+ * offending text form.
+ */
+function directTextContent(el) {
+    let out = "";
+    for (const child of el.children) {
+        if (child.type === "text" || child.type === "cdata") {
+            out += child.value;
+        }
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Tier-2 semantic checks
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+ * `<cx:axis>` must declare its axis role — either via a structural
+ * `<cx:catScaling>` / `<cx:valScaling>` CHILD element (the form Excel
+ * itself emits; the role is inferred from which scaling child is
+ * present) OR via legacy `pos` / `type` attributes. When NONE of
+ * these are present, Excel's loader cannot disambiguate the axis
+ * role and drops the whole `<cx:chartSpace>` on open, cascading
+ * into "Removed Part: /xl/charts/chartExN.xml".
+ *
+ * Verified against Excel 2021's own output (`tmp/aaaaa.xlsx`,
+ * `tmp/ttttt.xlsx`): every `<cx:axis>` it emits omits the
+ * `pos` / `type` attributes and relies on the scaling child.
+ */
+function checkAxisPosAndType(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const axis of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "axis")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const pos = attrByLocalName(axis, "pos");
+        const type = attrByLocalName(axis, "type");
+        const id = attrByLocalName(axis, "id") ?? "?";
+        // Accept either legacy attribute form OR the schema-native
+        // `<cx:catScaling>` / `<cx:valScaling>` child.
+        const hasCatScaling = axis.children.some(c => c.type === "element" && matchesLocal(c.name, "catScaling"));
+        const hasValScaling = axis.children.some(c => c.type === "element" && matchesLocal(c.name, "valScaling"));
+        if (pos === undefined && type === undefined && !hasCatScaling && !hasValScaling) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-axis-missing-pos-and-type", `${path}: <cx:axis id="${id}"> has no role marker — emit either a ` +
+                `<cx:catScaling>/<cx:valScaling> child (preferred, matches Excel) ` +
+                `or a pos/type attribute. Excel's loader drops the chartEx otherwise.`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * `<cx:f>` formulas must point at hidden defined names (the
+ * `_xlchart.v1.0`, `_xlchart.v1.1`, … convention Excel itself uses),
+ * NOT directly at worksheet ranges. A bare `<cx:f>Sheet1!$A$1:$A$3</cx:f>`
+ * is rejected on open with "Removed Part: /xl/drawings/drawingN.xml".
+ *
+ * Detection heuristic: a formula body that contains `!$` or `!` followed
+ * by absolute cell references is a direct sheet reference. Defined-name
+ * references are bare identifiers like `_xlchart.v1.0` (no `!`).
+ */
+function checkSeriesFDefinedName(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const f of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "f")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const formula = directTextContent(f).trim();
+        if (formula === "") {
+            continue;
+        }
+        // Heuristic for a direct sheet-qualified range:
+        //   - Contains "!" (sheet qualifier), AND
+        //   - Does NOT start with `_xl` or other defined-name prefix.
+        if (!formula.includes("!")) {
+            continue; // bare defined name like `_xlchart.v1.0`
+        }
+        if (formula.startsWith("_xlchart.") || formula.startsWith("_xlfn.")) {
+            continue; // defined-name-qualified alias
+        }
+        // Looks like `Sheet1!$A$1:$A$3` or `'Some Name'!$A$1`.
+        ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-f-uses-direct-range-not-defined-name", `${path}: <cx:f>${formula}</cx:f> points at a worksheet range directly. ` +
+            `ChartEx requires an indirection through hidden defined names ` +
+            `(e.g. _xlchart.v1.0) — otherwise Excel 2016+ drops the chartEx part on load.`, path);
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Waterfall charts must have `layoutPr.subtotals` on their series —
+ * even empty `<cx:subtotals/>` is meaningful: it marks the plot as
+ * subtotals-aware. Without it Excel falls back to generic series
+ * rendering and has been observed to reject the chartEx as malformed
+ * at load time.
+ */
+function checkWaterfallSubtotals(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const series of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "series")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const layoutId = attrByLocalName(series, "layoutId");
+        if (layoutId !== "waterfall") {
+            continue;
+        }
+        const layoutPr = findChildLocal(series, "layoutPr");
+        const hasSubtotals = !!layoutPr && findChildLocal(layoutPr, "subtotals") !== undefined;
+        if (!hasSubtotals) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chartEx-waterfall-missing-subtotals", `${path}: waterfall series has no <cx:layoutPr><cx:subtotals/> marker. ` +
+                `Emit the element (even empty) so Excel renders the series as ` +
+                `waterfall-aware instead of rejecting the chartEx.`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Series child order — context-aware, since `c:ser` has a different
+// content model under each chart-type element (CT_BarSer, CT_LineSer,
+// CT_PieSer, CT_AreaSer, CT_ScatterSer, CT_BubbleSer, CT_RadarSer,
+// CT_SurfaceSer). See {@link SERIES_ORDER_RULES} for the table.
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+function checkSeriesChildOrder(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const rule of SERIES_ORDER_RULES) {
+        for (const chartType of rule.chartTypes) {
+            for (const group of collectDescendantsLocal(root, chartType)) {
+                for (const series of findChildrenLocal(group, "ser")) {
+                    if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    const children = series.children.filter(c => c.type === "element");
+                    let lastRank = -1;
+                    let lastTag = "";
+                    for (const child of children) {
+                        const name = localName(child.name);
+                        const rank = rule.order.indexOf(name);
+                        if (rank < 0) {
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                        if (rank < lastRank) {
+                            ctx.reporter.error("chart-child-out-of-order", `${path}: <c:ser> inside <c:${chartType}> has <c:${name}> after <c:${lastTag}>; CT_${seriesTypeNameFor(chartType)}Ser requires <c:${name}> earlier in the sequence.`, path);
+                        }
+                        if (rank >= lastRank) {
+                            lastRank = rank;
+                            lastTag = name;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+/** Map a chart-type tag to the series content-type short name. */
+function seriesTypeNameFor(chartType) {
+    if (chartType.startsWith("bar")) {
+        return "Bar";
+    }
+    if (chartType.startsWith("line") || chartType === "stockChart") {
+        return "Line";
+    }
+    if (chartType.startsWith("pie") || chartType === "doughnutChart" || chartType === "ofPieChart") {
+        return "Pie";
+    }
+    if (chartType.startsWith("area")) {
+        return "Area";
+    }
+    if (chartType === "scatterChart") {
+        return "Scatter";
+    }
+    if (chartType === "bubbleChart") {
+        return "Bubble";
+    }
+    if (chartType === "radarChart") {
+        return "Radar";
+    }
+    if (chartType.startsWith("surface")) {
+        return "Surface";
+    }
+    return chartType;
+}
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// axId cross-reference resolution — every `c:axId` inside a chart-type
+// element must match one of the axis `c:axId` values in the enclosing
+// plot area; every axis `c:crossAx` must reference another axis in
+// the same plot area. Unresolved references are schema-valid (they
+// parse) but produce charts Excel renders with phantom / missing
+// axes — a common symptom when combo charts are hand-edited.
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+const ALL_CHART_TYPE_NAMES = new Set(CT_CHART_TYPE_TAGS);
+const ALL_AXIS_NAMES = new Set(CT_AXIS_TAGS);
+function checkAxIdResolution(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const plotArea of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "plotArea")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        // Gather every axis axId declared in this plot area.
+        const axisIds = new Set();
+        for (const child of plotArea.children) {
+            if (child.type !== "element") {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const name = localName(child.name);
+            if (!ALL_AXIS_NAMES.has(name)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const axIdEl = findChildLocal(child, "axId");
+            const val = axIdEl ? attrByLocalName(axIdEl, "val") : undefined;
+            if (val !== undefined) {
+                axisIds.add(val);
+            }
+        }
+        // Chart-type groups must reference an axis that exists.
+        for (const child of plotArea.children) {
+            if (child.type !== "element") {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const name = localName(child.name);
+            if (!ALL_CHART_TYPE_NAMES.has(name)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            for (const axIdEl of findChildrenLocal(child, "axId")) {
+                const val = attrByLocalName(axIdEl, "val");
+                if (val === undefined) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (!axisIds.has(val)) {
+                    ctx.reporter.error("chart-axid-unresolved", `${path}: <c:${name}> references <c:axId val="${val}"> but no matching axis exists in the enclosing <c:plotArea>.`, path);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // Each axis's `crossAx` must resolve to another axis in the
+        // same plot area.
+        for (const child of plotArea.children) {
+            if (child.type !== "element") {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const name = localName(child.name);
+            if (!ALL_AXIS_NAMES.has(name)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const crossAxEl = findChildLocal(child, "crossAx");
+            const val = crossAxEl ? attrByLocalName(crossAxEl, "val") : undefined;
+            if (val !== undefined && !axisIds.has(val)) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-axid-unresolved", `${path}: <c:${name}> has <c:crossAx val="${val}"> but no matching axis exists in the enclosing <c:plotArea>.`, path);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// ErrBars conditional children — `c:val` is required when
+// `c:errValType` is NOT "cust", and forbidden when it IS. `c:plus`
+// and `c:minus` are required for custom error bars and forbidden
+// otherwise. stdErr allows `c:val` to be absent (Excel defaults to
+// 1) so we skip the required-child check for that type.
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+function checkErrBarsConditionalChildren(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const eb of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "errBars")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const typeEl = findChildLocal(eb, "errValType");
+        const type = typeEl ? attrByLocalName(typeEl, "val") : undefined;
+        const hasVal = findChildLocal(eb, "val") !== undefined;
+        const hasPlus = findChildLocal(eb, "plus") !== undefined;
+        const hasMinus = findChildLocal(eb, "minus") !== undefined;
+        if (type === "cust") {
+            if (!hasPlus || !hasMinus) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-missing-required-child", `${path}: <c:errBars> with <c:errValType val="cust"> requires both <c:plus> and <c:minus> children.`, path);
+            }
+            if (hasVal) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-forbidden-child", `${path}: <c:errBars> with <c:errValType val="cust"> must not contain <c:val>; use <c:plus> / <c:minus> for custom bounds.`, path);
+            }
+        }
+        else if (type === "fixedVal" || type === "percentage" || type === "stdDev") {
+            if (!hasVal) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-missing-required-child", `${path}: <c:errBars> with <c:errValType val="${type}"> requires a <c:val> child.`, path);
+            }
+            if (hasPlus || hasMinus) {
+                ctx.reporter.error("chart-forbidden-child", `${path}: <c:errBars> with <c:errValType val="${type}"> must not contain <c:plus> or <c:minus> — those belong to "cust" only.`, path);
+            }
+        }
+        // `stdErr` leaves `val` optional and disallows plus/minus — enforce
+        // the disallowed side only.
+        if (type === "stdErr" && (hasPlus || hasMinus)) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chart-forbidden-child", `${path}: <c:errBars> with <c:errValType val="stdErr"> must not contain <c:plus> or <c:minus>.`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CT_Tx / CT_SerTx choice exclusivity — `c:tx` is
+// `choice(strRef | rich)` at chart / axis / legend-entry level and
+// `choice(strRef | v)` at series level. Having more than one branch
+// is a schema violation; Excel silently keeps the first and drops
+// the rest, so the feature authors intended gets lost on save.
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+function checkTxChoice(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const tx of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "tx")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const hasStrRef = findChildLocal(tx, "strRef") !== undefined;
+        const hasRich = findChildLocal(tx, "rich") !== undefined;
+        const hasV = findChildLocal(tx, "v") !== undefined;
+        const branches = [hasStrRef, hasRich, hasV].filter(Boolean).length;
+        // Zero branches is tolerated by Excel (auto-generated title / blank
+        // series name) — we intentionally don't flag it to avoid noise on
+        // round-tripped files. More than one branch is a real schema
+        // violation.
+        if (branches > 1) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chart-child-out-of-order", `${path}: <c:tx> must contain at most one of <c:strRef>, <c:rich>, or <c:v>; found ${branches} branches.`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Series-child whitelist — every `c:ser` element may only contain
+// children declared in its per-chart-type CT_*Ser content model.
+// Elements from the global "known chart child" set that aren't
+// declared for this parent are schema violations even though the
+// tag name is otherwise valid OOXML. Catches e.g. `<c:bubbleSize>`
+// inside a `<c:barChart>` series, `<c:explosion>` inside a line
+// series, or `<c:smooth>` on a bar series.
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+ * Union of every element name that appears in at least one
+ * `SERIES_ORDER_RULES` entry. A series child inside this set that
+ * isn't in the current chart type's allow-list is a schema
+ * violation; a child outside this set is probably a vendor
+ * extension we should leave alone.
+ */
+const ALL_KNOWN_SERIES_CHILDREN = new Set(SERIES_ORDER_RULES.flatMap(r => r.order));
+function checkSeriesChildWhitelist(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const rule of SERIES_ORDER_RULES) {
+        const allowed = new Set(rule.order);
+        for (const chartType of rule.chartTypes) {
+            for (const group of collectDescendantsLocal(root, chartType)) {
+                for (const series of findChildrenLocal(group, "ser")) {
+                    if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    for (const child of series.children) {
+                        if (child.type !== "element") {
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                        const name = localName(child.name);
+                        if (!ALL_KNOWN_SERIES_CHILDREN.has(name)) {
+                            continue; // unknown tag — vendor extension, leave alone
+                        }
+                        if (!allowed.has(name)) {
+                            ctx.reporter.error("chart-forbidden-child", `${path}: <c:ser> inside <c:${chartType}> contains <c:${name}>, which is not in CT_${seriesTypeNameFor(chartType)}Ser's schema.`, path);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// `<a:srgbClr val>` — CT_SRgbColor requires a 6-hex-digit value.
+// Excel reliably ignores malformed colours; callers pay the cost of
+// a silently-grey series. Matches uppercase and lowercase hex.
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+const SRGB_HEX_RE = /^[0-9A-Fa-f]{6}$/;
+function checkSrgbClrFormat(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const el of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "srgbClr")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const val = attrByLocalName(el, "val");
+        if (val === undefined) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chart-missing-required-child", `${path}: <a:srgbClr> is missing the required val attribute.`, path);
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!SRGB_HEX_RE.test(val)) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chart-invalid-enum-value", `${path}: <a:srgbClr val="${val}"> must be a 6-digit hex colour (e.g. "4472C4").`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// `<c:numFmt formatCode>` is required by CT_NumFmt. The OOXML
+// serialiser always emits it, but round-tripped / hand-edited files
+// sometimes drop the attribute; Excel falls back to "General" and
+// loses the author's intended format.
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+function checkNumFmtFormatCode(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const el of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "numFmt")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const formatCode = attrByLocalName(el, "formatCode");
+        if (formatCode === undefined) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chart-missing-required-child", `${path}: <c:numFmt> is missing the required formatCode attribute.`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// `<c:rich>` wraps a DrawingML `CT_TextBody`: required children are
+// `<a:bodyPr>` (first, exactly 1) and `<a:p>` (1+). The list style
+// `<a:lstStyle>` is optional and goes between them. Without
+// `<a:bodyPr>` or `<a:p>` Excel renders the title / label blank.
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+function checkRichStructure(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const rich of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "rich")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const hasBodyPr = findChildLocal(rich, "bodyPr") !== undefined;
+        const paragraphs = findChildrenLocal(rich, "p").length;
+        if (!hasBodyPr) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chart-missing-required-child", `${path}: <c:rich> is missing the required <a:bodyPr> child (CT_TextBody requires it first).`, path);
+        }
+        if (paragraphs === 0) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chart-missing-required-child", `${path}: <c:rich> has no <a:p> children; CT_TextBody requires at least one paragraph.`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Cross-part references
+//
+// These checks leave the chart XML boundary and validate links
+// against sibling parts in the xlsx package:
+//   - `<a:schemeClr val>` must reference a colour slot actually
+//     declared in `xl/theme/theme1.xml`'s `<a:clrScheme>`.
+//   - `<c:f>` formula bodies must parse as a valid cell reference,
+//     range, or defined-name identifier.
+//   - `<c:f>` defined-name references must resolve against
+//     `xl/workbook.xml`'s `<definedNames>` or be a reserved
+//     Excel-internal name (`_xlnm.*`, `_xlchart.*`, `_xlfn.*`).
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+ * Theme's `<a:clrScheme>` declares twelve colour slots under the
+ * short names `dk1, lt1, dk2, lt2, accent1..6, hlink, folHlink`. The
+ * four workbook-facing aliases (`bg1, tx1, bg2, tx2`) resolve through
+ * `<a:clrMap>` — the default Office map is `bg1=lt1, tx1=dk1,
+ * bg2=lt2, tx2=dk2`. `phClr` is a run-time placeholder that's always
+ * valid. Anything else is theme-missing.
+ */
+const SCHEME_COLOR_ALIASES = {
+    bg1: "lt1",
+    tx1: "dk1",
+    bg2: "lt2",
+    tx2: "dk2"
+};
+function collectThemeColorSlots(ctx) {
+    const dom = ctx.readDom("xl/theme/theme1.xml");
+    if (!dom) {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    const clrScheme = findFirstDescendantLocal(dom.root, "clrScheme");
+    if (!clrScheme) {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    const slots = new Set();
+    for (const child of clrScheme.children) {
+        if (child.type === "element") {
+            slots.add(localName(child.name));
+        }
+    }
+    return slots;
+}
+function findFirstDescendantLocal(root, local) {
+    const hits = collectDescendantsLocal(root, local);
+    return hits.length > 0 ? hits[0] : undefined;
+}
+function checkThemeSchemeColorSlots(ctx, path, root) {
+    const slots = collectThemeColorSlots(ctx);
+    // Skip silently when the theme is absent or doesn't declare a
+    // `<a:clrScheme>`: either situation is flagged by the content-
+    // types / relationships checkers and we'd just produce duplicate
+    // noise here. We also skip when the slot set is empty — that
+    // would reject every `schemeClr` reference as "missing" which
+    // isn't the author's mistake.
+    if (!slots || slots.size === 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+    for (const el of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "schemeClr")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const val = attrByLocalName(el, "val");
+        if (!val) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (val === "phClr") {
+            continue; // placeholder colour — always valid at run time
+        }
+        const resolved = SCHEME_COLOR_ALIASES[val] ?? val;
+        if (!slots.has(resolved)) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chart-theme-missing-schemeClr-slot", `${path}: <a:schemeClr val="${val}"> references theme slot <a:${resolved}> which is not declared in xl/theme/theme1.xml's <a:clrScheme>.`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * `<c:f>` bodies used by classic charts come in several flavours:
+ *   - `Sheet1!$A$1[:$B$2]`     — qualified cell / range
+ *   - `'Quoted Sheet'!$A$1`    — quoted sheet with spaces / specials
+ *   - `DefinedName`            — bare defined-name identifier
+ *   - `Sheet1!LocalName`       — sheet-qualified defined name
+ *   - `TableName[ColumnName]`  — Excel structured reference
+ *   - `TableName[[#Headers],[Col]]` — structured ref with specifier
+ *   - `(f1,f2)`                — multi-range (scatter / combo)
+ *   - `SUM(A1:A10)`            — function call (rare but valid)
+ *   - `_xl*.*`                 — reserved Excel-internal prefix
+ *     (`_xlnm.Print_Area`, `_xlchart.v1.0`, `_xlfn.IFS`…)
+ *
+ * Full formula parsing would require the `@formula` tokenizer;
+ * instead we apply a structural sanity check (balanced brackets /
+ * parens / quotes, non-empty body) plus quick classification for
+ * the two common forms that route into the defined-name resolver
+ * (`bare identifier` and `Sheet!identifier`). Everything else is
+ * assumed to be a valid complex expression — false-negatives here
+ * are preferable to flagging legitimate structured references like
+ * `Transactions[Revenue]`.
+ */
+/** Cell or range reference like `A1`, `$A$1`, or `A1:B10`. */
+const A1_REF_RE = /^\$?[A-Z]+\$?\d+(?::\$?[A-Z]+\$?\d+)?$/;
+/** Unicode-aware identifier regex matching Excel defined-name rules. */
+const IDENTIFIER_RE = /^[A-Za-z_\\\u00C0-\uFFFF][A-Za-z0-9_.\\\u00C0-\uFFFF]*$/;
+/**
+ * Balanced-bracket / paren / quote check — returns `false` when
+ * the formula is syntactically broken (unclosed bracket, orphan
+ * quote, etc.). Excel silently swallows such formulas on open; the
+ * chart loses its backing data.
+ */
+function isFormulaBalanced(body) {
+    let parens = 0;
+    let brackets = 0;
+    let inQuote = false;
+    for (let i = 0; i < body.length; i++) {
+        const c = body[i];
+        if (c === "'") {
+            inQuote = !inQuote;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (inQuote) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (c === "(") {
+            parens++;
+        }
+        else if (c === ")") {
+            parens--;
+        }
+        else if (c === "[") {
+            brackets++;
+        }
+        else if (c === "]") {
+            brackets--;
+        }
+        if (parens < 0 || brackets < 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return parens === 0 && brackets === 0 && !inQuote;
+}
+function parseCFBody(raw) {
+    let body = raw.trim();
+    if (body.startsWith("=")) {
+        body = body.substring(1).trim();
+    }
+    if (body === "") {
+        return { kind: "invalid" };
+    }
+    if (!isFormulaBalanced(body)) {
+        return { kind: "invalid" };
+    }
+    // `_xl`-prefixed names are reserved: `_xlnm.*`, `_xlchart.*`,
+    // `_xlfn.*`. Always treat as valid without cross-reference.
+    if (body.startsWith("_xl")) {
+        return { kind: "special" };
+    }
+    // Expressions wrapped in parens cover multi-range references
+    // (`(Sheet1!$A$1:$A$5,Sheet1!$C$1:$C$5)` on scatter / combo charts)
+    // and function-call formulas (`SUM(A1:A10)`). The balanced-bracket
+    // check above already caught unclosed parens; the full inner
+    // grammar is out of scope for this schema check, so trust the
+    // author and skip.
+    if (body.startsWith("(")) {
+        return { kind: "special" };
+    }
+    // Bare defined-name identifier (no punctuation, no !).
+    if (IDENTIFIER_RE.test(body)) {
+        return { kind: "name", name: body };
+    }
+    // Sheet-qualified form `Sheet!xxx`. Only classify as a defined-
+    // name reference when the RHS is a pure identifier — structured
+    // refs like `Table[Col]` or cell ranges like `$A$1:$B$10` route
+    // through the generic "special" bucket so the defined-name check
+    // skips them.
+    const bangIdx = body.indexOf("!");
+    if (bangIdx >= 0) {
+        const sheet = body.substring(0, bangIdx);
+        const ref = body.substring(bangIdx + 1);
+        const sheetValid = (sheet.startsWith("'") && sheet.endsWith("'") && sheet.length >= 3) ||
+            IDENTIFIER_RE.test(sheet);
+        if (!sheetValid || ref === "") {
+            return { kind: "invalid" };
+        }
+        if (A1_REF_RE.test(ref)) {
+            return { kind: ref.includes(":") ? "range" : "cell" };
+        }
+        // Reserved `_xl*` names also appear sheet-qualified
+        // (`Sheet1!_xlchart.v1.0`). Treat them as special regardless of
+        // which side of the `!` they sit on.
+        if (ref.startsWith("_xl")) {
+            return { kind: "special" };
+        }
+        if (IDENTIFIER_RE.test(ref)) {
+            return { kind: "name", name: ref };
+        }
+        // Anything else (structured table ref, function call, complex
+        // expression) — assume valid, skip further validation.
+        return { kind: "special" };
+    }
+    // Unqualified and not a bare identifier: could be a structured
+    // reference (`Table[Col]`, `Table[#All]`) or an expression. Both
+    // legal in `<c:f>`; accept without further validation.
+    return { kind: "special" };
+}
+function extractTextContent(el) {
+    let out = "";
+    for (const child of el.children) {
+        if (child.type === "text" || child.type === "cdata") {
+            out += child.value;
+        }
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+function checkFormulaSyntax(ctx, path, root) {
+    for (const f of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "f")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const body = extractTextContent(f);
+        const parsed = parseCFBody(body);
+        if (parsed.kind === "invalid") {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chart-f-invalid-syntax", `${path}: <c:f>${body}</c:f> is not a valid cell reference, range, or defined name.`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Collect every defined-name declared in `xl/workbook.xml`, plus the
+ * well-known built-in reserved names that don't appear in the file
+ * but Excel always recognises (`_xlnm.*` family).
+ */
+function collectWorkbookDefinedNames(ctx) {
+    const names = new Set();
+    // Built-in reserved names Excel treats as always-defined.
+    names.add("_xlnm.Print_Area");
+    names.add("_xlnm.Print_Titles");
+    names.add("_xlnm.Database");
+    names.add("_xlnm.Criteria");
+    names.add("_xlnm.Extract");
+    names.add("_xlnm.Sheet_Title");
+    names.add("_xlnm._FilterDatabase");
+    names.add("_xlnm.Auto_Open");
+    names.add("_xlnm.Auto_Close");
+    const dom = ctx.readDom("xl/workbook.xml");
+    if (!dom) {
+        return names;
+    }
+    for (const dn of collectDescendantsLocal(dom.root, "definedName")) {
+        const name = attrByLocalName(dn, "name");
+        if (name) {
+            names.add(name);
+        }
+    }
+    return names;
+}
+function checkDefinedNameResolution(ctx, path, root) {
+    let names;
+    for (const f of collectDescendantsLocal(root, "f")) {
+        if (ctx.reporter.capped) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const body = extractTextContent(f);
+        const parsed = parseCFBody(body);
+        if (parsed.kind !== "name" || !parsed.name) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        // Lazily load the workbook's defined names on first need.
+        if (!names) {
+            names = collectWorkbookDefinedNames(ctx);
+        }
+        if (!names.has(parsed.name)) {
+            ctx.reporter.error("chart-f-undefined-name", `${path}: <c:f>${body}</c:f> references defined name "${parsed.name}" but no matching <definedName> exists in xl/workbook.xml.`, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+function chartRelsPath(chartPath) {
+    const slash = chartPath.lastIndexOf("/");
+    const dir = slash >= 0 ? chartPath.slice(0, slash) : "";
+    const name = slash >= 0 ? chartPath.slice(slash + 1) : chartPath;
+    return dir ? `${dir}/_rels/${name}.rels` : `_rels/${name}.rels`;
+}