@btc-vision/transaction 1.8.0-beta.3 → 1.8.0-beta.4

package/test/browser/offline-transaction.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,2206 @@
+import { describe, expect, it, beforeAll } from 'vitest';
+import { networks, payments, toHex, fromHex } from '@btc-vision/bitcoin';
+import { type UniversalSigner } from '@btc-vision/ecpair';
+import { doubleSha256 } from './setup.js';
+import {
+    // Core offline signing exports
+    TransactionSerializer,
+    TransactionStateCapture,
+    TransactionReconstructor,
+    OfflineTransactionManager,
+    SERIALIZATION_FORMAT_VERSION,
+    isFundingSpecificData,
+    isDeploymentSpecificData,
+    isInteractionSpecificData,
+    isMultiSigSpecificData,
+    isCustomScriptSpecificData,
+    isCancelSpecificData,
+    // Transaction types
+    TransactionType,
+    FundingTransaction,
+    // Utilities
+    EcKeyPair,
+    createSignerMap,
+    createAddressRotation,
+    ChainId,
+    currentConsensus,
+} from '../build/opnet.js';
+import type {
+    ReconstructionOptions,
+    ISerializableTransactionState,
+    SerializedUTXO,
+    SerializedOutput,
+    SerializedBaseParams,
+    PrecomputedData,
+    FundingSpecificData,
+    DeploymentSpecificData,
+    InteractionSpecificData,
+    MultiSigSpecificData,
+    CustomScriptSpecificData,
+    CancelSpecificData,
+    UTXO,
+} from '../build/opnet.js';
+
+describe('Offline Transaction Signing', () => {
+    const network = networks.regtest;
+
+    // Test keypairs
+    let signer1: UniversalSigner;
+    let signer2: UniversalSigner;
+    let signer3: UniversalSigner;
+    let defaultSigner: UniversalSigner;
+
+    let address1: string;
+    let address2: string;
+    let address3: string;
+    let defaultAddress: string;
+
+    beforeAll(() => {
+        signer1 = EcKeyPair.generateRandomKeyPair(network);
+        signer2 = EcKeyPair.generateRandomKeyPair(network);
+        signer3 = EcKeyPair.generateRandomKeyPair(network);
+        defaultSigner = EcKeyPair.generateRandomKeyPair(network);
+
+        address1 = EcKeyPair.getTaprootAddress(signer1, network);
+        address2 = EcKeyPair.getTaprootAddress(signer2, network);
+        address3 = EcKeyPair.getTaprootAddress(signer3, network);
+        defaultAddress = EcKeyPair.getTaprootAddress(defaultSigner, network);
+    });
+
+    // Helper to create a taproot UTXO
+    const createTaprootUtxo = (
+        address: string,
+        value: bigint,
+        txId: string = '0'.repeat(64),
+        index: number = 0,
+    ): UTXO => {
+        const p2tr = payments.p2tr({ address, network });
+        return {
+            transactionId: txId,
+            outputIndex: index,
+            value,
+            scriptPubKey: {
+                hex: toHex(p2tr.output as Uint8Array),
+                address,
+            },
+        };
+    };
+
+    // Helper to create mock serialized state
+    const createMockSerializedState = (
+        type: TransactionType = TransactionType.FUNDING,
+        overrides: Partial<ISerializableTransactionState> = {},
+    ): ISerializableTransactionState => {
+        const baseState: ISerializableTransactionState = {
+            header: {
+                formatVersion: SERIALIZATION_FORMAT_VERSION,
+                consensusVersion: currentConsensus,
+                transactionType: type,
+                chainId: ChainId.Bitcoin,
+                timestamp: Date.now(),
+            },
+            baseParams: {
+                from: address1,
+                to: address2,
+                feeRate: 10,
+                priorityFee: '1000',
+                gasSatFee: '500',
+                networkName: 'regtest',
+                txVersion: 2,
+                anchor: false,
+            },
+            utxos: [
+                {
+                    transactionId: '0'.repeat(64),
+                    outputIndex: 0,
+                    value: '100000',
+                    scriptPubKeyHex: toHex(payments.p2tr({ address: address1, network }).output as Uint8Array),
+                    scriptPubKeyAddress: address1,
+                },
+            ],
+            optionalInputs: [],
+            optionalOutputs: [],
+            addressRotationEnabled: false,
+            signerMappings: [],
+            typeSpecificData: {
+                type: TransactionType.FUNDING,
+                amount: '50000',
+                splitInputsInto: 1,
+            } as FundingSpecificData,
+            precomputedData: {},
+        };
+
+        return { ...baseState, ...overrides };
+    };
+
+    describe('TransactionSerializer', () => {
+        describe('serialize/deserialize', () => {
+            it('should serialize and deserialize a basic funding transaction state', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING);
+
+                const serialized = TransactionSerializer.serialize(state);
+                expect(serialized).toBeInstanceOf(Uint8Array);
+                expect(serialized.length).toBeGreaterThan(32); // At least checksum size
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(serialized);
+                expect(deserialized.header.transactionType).toBe(TransactionType.FUNDING);
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.from).toBe(state.baseParams.from);
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.feeRate).toBe(state.baseParams.feeRate);
+            });
+
+            it('should preserve all header fields', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    header: {
+                        formatVersion: SERIALIZATION_FORMAT_VERSION,
+                        consensusVersion: currentConsensus,
+                        transactionType: TransactionType.FUNDING,
+                        chainId: ChainId.Bitcoin,
+                        timestamp: 1234567890123,
+                    },
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(deserialized.header.formatVersion).toBe(SERIALIZATION_FORMAT_VERSION);
+                expect(deserialized.header.consensusVersion).toBe(currentConsensus);
+                expect(deserialized.header.transactionType).toBe(TransactionType.FUNDING);
+                expect(deserialized.header.chainId).toBe(ChainId.Bitcoin);
+                expect(deserialized.header.timestamp).toBe(1234567890123);
+            });
+
+            it('should preserve all base params fields', () => {
+                const baseParams: SerializedBaseParams = {
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address2,
+                    feeRate: 15.5, // Test decimal fee rate
+                    priorityFee: '2000',
+                    gasSatFee: '1000',
+                    networkName: 'testnet',
+                    txVersion: 2,
+                    note: toHex(new TextEncoder().encode('test note')),
+                    anchor: true,
+                    debugFees: true,
+                };
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    baseParams,
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.from).toBe(baseParams.from);
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.to).toBe(baseParams.to);
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.feeRate).toBeCloseTo(baseParams.feeRate, 3);
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.priorityFee).toBe(baseParams.priorityFee);
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.gasSatFee).toBe(baseParams.gasSatFee);
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.networkName).toBe(baseParams.networkName);
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.txVersion).toBe(baseParams.txVersion);
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.note).toBe(baseParams.note);
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.anchor).toBe(baseParams.anchor);
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.debugFees).toBe(baseParams.debugFees);
+            });
+
+            it('should handle optional "to" field being undefined', () => {
+                const base = createMockSerializedState();
+                const { to: _to, ...baseParamsWithoutTo } = base.baseParams;
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    baseParams: baseParamsWithoutTo as SerializedBaseParams,
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.to).toBeUndefined();
+            });
+
+            it('should preserve UTXO data correctly', () => {
+                const utxo: SerializedUTXO = {
+                    transactionId: 'a'.repeat(64),
+                    outputIndex: 5,
+                    value: '999999999',
+                    scriptPubKeyHex: 'deadbeef',
+                    scriptPubKeyAddress: address1,
+                    redeemScript: 'cafe0001',
+                    witnessScript: 'babe0002',
+                    nonWitnessUtxo: 'feed0003',
+                };
+
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    utxos: [utxo],
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(deserialized.utxos).toHaveLength(1);
+                const utxo0 = deserialized.utxos[0] as SerializedUTXO;
+                expect(utxo0.transactionId).toBe(utxo.transactionId);
+                expect(utxo0.outputIndex).toBe(utxo.outputIndex);
+                expect(utxo0.value).toBe(utxo.value);
+                expect(utxo0.scriptPubKeyHex).toBe(utxo.scriptPubKeyHex);
+                expect(utxo0.scriptPubKeyAddress).toBe(utxo.scriptPubKeyAddress);
+                expect(utxo0.redeemScript).toBe(utxo.redeemScript);
+                expect(utxo0.witnessScript).toBe(utxo.witnessScript);
+                expect(utxo0.nonWitnessUtxo).toBe(utxo.nonWitnessUtxo);
+            });
+
+            it('should handle multiple UTXOs', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    utxos: [
+                        {
+                            transactionId: '1'.repeat(64),
+                            outputIndex: 0,
+                            value: '10000',
+                            scriptPubKeyHex: 'aa',
+                            scriptPubKeyAddress: address1,
+                        },
+                        {
+                            transactionId: '2'.repeat(64),
+                            outputIndex: 1,
+                            value: '20000',
+                            scriptPubKeyHex: 'bb',
+                            scriptPubKeyAddress: address2,
+                        },
+                        {
+                            transactionId: '3'.repeat(64),
+                            outputIndex: 2,
+                            value: '30000',
+                            scriptPubKeyHex: 'cc',
+                            scriptPubKeyAddress: address3,
+                        },
+                    ],
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(deserialized.utxos).toHaveLength(3);
+                expect((deserialized.utxos[0] as SerializedUTXO).transactionId).toBe('1'.repeat(64));
+                expect((deserialized.utxos[1] as SerializedUTXO).transactionId).toBe('2'.repeat(64));
+                expect((deserialized.utxos[2] as SerializedUTXO).transactionId).toBe('3'.repeat(64));
+            });
+
+            it('should preserve optional inputs', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    optionalInputs: [
+                        {
+                            transactionId: 'f'.repeat(64),
+                            outputIndex: 99,
+                            value: '12345',
+                            scriptPubKeyHex: 'ff',
+                        },
+                    ],
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(deserialized.optionalInputs).toHaveLength(1);
+                expect((deserialized.optionalInputs[0] as SerializedUTXO).outputIndex).toBe(99);
+            });
+
+            it('should preserve optional outputs', () => {
+                const output: SerializedOutput = {
+                    value: 5000,
+                    address: address2,
+                    tapInternalKey: 'abcd1234',
+                };
+
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    optionalOutputs: [output],
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(deserialized.optionalOutputs).toHaveLength(1);
+                const output0 = deserialized.optionalOutputs[0] as SerializedOutput;
+                expect(output0.value).toBe(output.value);
+                expect(output0.address).toBe(output.address);
+                expect(output0.tapInternalKey).toBe(output.tapInternalKey);
+            });
+
+            it('should preserve script-based outputs', () => {
+                const output: SerializedOutput = {
+                    value: 6000,
+                    script: 'deadbeefcafe',
+                };
+
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    optionalOutputs: [output],
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(deserialized.optionalOutputs).toHaveLength(1);
+                const scriptOutput0 = deserialized.optionalOutputs[0] as SerializedOutput;
+                expect(scriptOutput0.script).toBe(output.script);
+                expect(scriptOutput0.address).toBeUndefined();
+            });
+
+            it('should preserve signer mappings for address rotation', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    addressRotationEnabled: true,
+                    signerMappings: [
+                        { address: address1, inputIndices: [0, 2, 4] },
+                        { address: address2, inputIndices: [1, 3] },
+                    ],
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(deserialized.addressRotationEnabled).toBe(true);
+                expect(deserialized.signerMappings).toHaveLength(2);
+                const mapping0 = deserialized.signerMappings[0] as (typeof deserialized.signerMappings)[0];
+                const mapping1 = deserialized.signerMappings[1] as (typeof deserialized.signerMappings)[0];
+                expect(mapping0.address).toBe(address1);
+                expect(mapping0.inputIndices).toEqual([0, 2, 4]);
+                expect(mapping1.address).toBe(address2);
+                expect(mapping1.inputIndices).toEqual([1, 3]);
+            });
+
+            it('should preserve precomputed data', () => {
+                const precomputed: PrecomputedData = {
+                    compiledTargetScript: 'abcdef123456',
+                    randomBytes: '0123456789abcdef',
+                    estimatedFees: '5000',
+                    contractSeed: 'seedvalue',
+                    contractAddress: address3,
+                };
+
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    precomputedData: precomputed,
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(deserialized.precomputedData.compiledTargetScript).toBe(precomputed.compiledTargetScript);
+                expect(deserialized.precomputedData.randomBytes).toBe(precomputed.randomBytes);
+                expect(deserialized.precomputedData.estimatedFees).toBe(precomputed.estimatedFees);
+                expect(deserialized.precomputedData.contractSeed).toBe(precomputed.contractSeed);
+                expect(deserialized.precomputedData.contractAddress).toBe(precomputed.contractAddress);
+            });
+        });
+
+        describe('type-specific data', () => {
+            it('should serialize/deserialize FundingSpecificData', () => {
+                const typeData: FundingSpecificData = {
+                    type: TransactionType.FUNDING,
+                    amount: '123456789',
+                    splitInputsInto: 5,
+                };
+
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    typeSpecificData: typeData,
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(isFundingSpecificData(deserialized.typeSpecificData)).toBe(true);
+                const data = deserialized.typeSpecificData as FundingSpecificData;
+                expect(data.amount).toBe(typeData.amount);
+                expect(data.splitInputsInto).toBe(typeData.splitInputsInto);
+            });
+
+            it('should serialize/deserialize DeploymentSpecificData', () => {
+                const typeData: DeploymentSpecificData = {
+                    type: TransactionType.DEPLOYMENT,
+                    bytecode: 'deadbeef'.repeat(100),
+                    calldata: 'cafebabe',
+                    challenge: createMockChallenge(),
+                    revealMLDSAPublicKey: true,
+                    linkMLDSAPublicKeyToAddress: true,
+                    hashedPublicKey: 'abcd'.repeat(16),
+                };
+
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.DEPLOYMENT, {
+                    header: {
+                        formatVersion: SERIALIZATION_FORMAT_VERSION,
+                        consensusVersion: currentConsensus,
+                        transactionType: TransactionType.DEPLOYMENT,
+                        chainId: ChainId.Bitcoin,
+                        timestamp: Date.now(),
+                    },
+                    typeSpecificData: typeData,
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(isDeploymentSpecificData(deserialized.typeSpecificData)).toBe(true);
+                const data = deserialized.typeSpecificData as DeploymentSpecificData;
+                expect(data.bytecode).toBe(typeData.bytecode);
+                expect(data.calldata).toBe(typeData.calldata);
+                expect(data.revealMLDSAPublicKey).toBe(true);
+                expect(data.linkMLDSAPublicKeyToAddress).toBe(true);
+                expect(data.hashedPublicKey).toBe(typeData.hashedPublicKey);
+            });
+
+            it('should serialize/deserialize InteractionSpecificData', () => {
+                const typeData: InteractionSpecificData = {
+                    type: TransactionType.INTERACTION,
+                    calldata: 'cafebabe12345678',
+                    contract: 'bcrt1qtest',
+                    challenge: createMockChallenge(),
+                    loadedStorage: {
+                        'key1': ['value1', 'value2'],
+                        'key2': ['value3'],
+                    },
+                    isCancellation: true,
+                    disableAutoRefund: true,
+                    revealMLDSAPublicKey: false,
+                };
+
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.INTERACTION, {
+                    header: {
+                        formatVersion: SERIALIZATION_FORMAT_VERSION,
+                        consensusVersion: currentConsensus,
+                        transactionType: TransactionType.INTERACTION,
+                        chainId: ChainId.Bitcoin,
+                        timestamp: Date.now(),
+                    },
+                    typeSpecificData: typeData,
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(isInteractionSpecificData(deserialized.typeSpecificData)).toBe(true);
+                const data = deserialized.typeSpecificData as InteractionSpecificData;
+                expect(data.calldata).toBe(typeData.calldata);
+                expect(data.contract).toBe(typeData.contract);
+                expect(data.loadedStorage).toEqual(typeData.loadedStorage);
+                expect(data.isCancellation).toBe(true);
+                expect(data.disableAutoRefund).toBe(true);
+            });
+
+            it('should serialize/deserialize MultiSigSpecificData', () => {
+                const typeData: MultiSigSpecificData = {
+                    type: TransactionType.MULTI_SIG,
+                    pubkeys: ['aa'.repeat(33), 'bb'.repeat(33), 'cc'.repeat(33)],
+                    minimumSignatures: 2,
+                    receiver: address2,
+                    requestedAmount: '500000',
+                    refundVault: address3,
+                    originalInputCount: 3,
+                    existingPsbtBase64: 'cHNidP8BAH...',
+                };
+
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.MULTI_SIG, {
+                    header: {
+                        formatVersion: SERIALIZATION_FORMAT_VERSION,
+                        consensusVersion: currentConsensus,
+                        transactionType: TransactionType.MULTI_SIG,
+                        chainId: ChainId.Bitcoin,
+                        timestamp: Date.now(),
+                    },
+                    typeSpecificData: typeData,
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(isMultiSigSpecificData(deserialized.typeSpecificData)).toBe(true);
+                const data = deserialized.typeSpecificData as MultiSigSpecificData;
+                expect(data.pubkeys).toEqual(typeData.pubkeys);
+                expect(data.minimumSignatures).toBe(2);
+                expect(data.receiver).toBe(typeData.receiver);
+                expect(data.requestedAmount).toBe(typeData.requestedAmount);
+                expect(data.refundVault).toBe(typeData.refundVault);
+                expect(data.originalInputCount).toBe(3);
+                expect(data.existingPsbtBase64).toBe(typeData.existingPsbtBase64);
+            });
+
+            it('should serialize/deserialize CustomScriptSpecificData', () => {
+                const typeData: CustomScriptSpecificData = {
+                    type: TransactionType.CUSTOM_CODE,
+                    scriptElements: [
+                        { elementType: 'buffer', value: 'deadbeef' },
+                        { elementType: 'opcode', value: 118 }, // OP_DUP
+                        { elementType: 'opcode', value: 169 }, // OP_HASH160
+                    ],
+                    witnesses: ['abcdef0123456789', 'fedcba9876543210'],
+                    annex: 'aabbccdd',
+                };
+
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.CUSTOM_CODE, {
+                    header: {
+                        formatVersion: SERIALIZATION_FORMAT_VERSION,
+                        consensusVersion: currentConsensus,
+                        transactionType: TransactionType.CUSTOM_CODE,
+                        chainId: ChainId.Bitcoin,
+                        timestamp: Date.now(),
+                    },
+                    typeSpecificData: typeData,
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(isCustomScriptSpecificData(deserialized.typeSpecificData)).toBe(true);
+                const data = deserialized.typeSpecificData as CustomScriptSpecificData;
+                expect(data.scriptElements).toHaveLength(3);
+                expect(data.scriptElements[0]).toEqual({ elementType: 'buffer', value: 'deadbeef' });
+                expect(data.scriptElements[1]).toEqual({ elementType: 'opcode', value: 118 });
+                expect(data.witnesses).toEqual(typeData.witnesses);
+                expect(data.annex).toBe(typeData.annex);
+            });
+
+            it('should serialize/deserialize CancelSpecificData', () => {
+                const typeData: CancelSpecificData = {
+                    type: TransactionType.CANCEL,
+                    compiledTargetScript: 'deadbeefcafe1234',
+                };
+
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.CANCEL, {
+                    header: {
+                        formatVersion: SERIALIZATION_FORMAT_VERSION,
+                        consensusVersion: currentConsensus,
+                        transactionType: TransactionType.CANCEL,
+                        chainId: ChainId.Bitcoin,
+                        timestamp: Date.now(),
+                    },
+                    typeSpecificData: typeData,
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(isCancelSpecificData(deserialized.typeSpecificData)).toBe(true);
+                const data = deserialized.typeSpecificData as CancelSpecificData;
+                expect(data.compiledTargetScript).toBe(typeData.compiledTargetScript);
+            });
+        });
+
+        describe('format conversion', () => {
+            it('should convert to/from base64', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState();
+
+                const base64 = TransactionSerializer.toBase64(state);
+                expect(typeof base64).toBe('string');
+                expect(base64.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+
+                const restored = TransactionSerializer.fromBase64(base64);
+                expect(restored.header.transactionType).toBe(state.header.transactionType);
+                expect(restored.baseParams.from).toBe(state.baseParams.from);
+            });
+
+            it('should convert to/from hex', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState();
+
+                const hex = TransactionSerializer.toHex(state);
+                expect(typeof hex).toBe('string');
+                expect(/^[0-9a-f]+$/i.test(hex)).toBe(true);
+
+                const restored = TransactionSerializer.fromHex(hex);
+                expect(restored.header.transactionType).toBe(state.header.transactionType);
+            });
+        });
+
+        describe('error handling', () => {
+            it('should throw on invalid magic byte', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState();
+                const serialized = TransactionSerializer.serialize(state);
+
+                // Corrupt magic byte
+                serialized[0] = 0x00;
+
+                // Recalculate checksum to bypass checksum error
+                const payload = serialized.subarray(0, -32);
+                const newChecksum = doubleSha256(payload);
+                serialized.set(newChecksum, serialized.length - 32);
+
+                expect(() => TransactionSerializer.deserialize(serialized)).toThrow(/Invalid magic byte/);
+            });
+
+            it('should throw on invalid checksum', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState();
+                const serialized = TransactionSerializer.serialize(state);
+
+                // Corrupt checksum
+                serialized[serialized.length - 1] = (serialized[serialized.length - 1] as number) ^ 0xff;
+
+                expect(() => TransactionSerializer.deserialize(serialized)).toThrow(/Invalid checksum/);
+            });
+
+            it('should throw on data too short', () => {
+                const shortData = new Uint8Array(16); // Less than 32 bytes
+
+                expect(() => TransactionSerializer.deserialize(shortData)).toThrow(/too short/);
+            });
+
+            it('should throw on unsupported format version', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState();
+                const serialized = TransactionSerializer.serialize(state);
+
+                // Set format version to a high value
+                serialized[1] = 255;
+
+                // Recalculate checksum
+                const payload = serialized.subarray(0, -32);
+                const newChecksum = doubleSha256(payload);
+                serialized.set(newChecksum, serialized.length - 32);
+
+                expect(() => TransactionSerializer.deserialize(serialized)).toThrow(/Unsupported format version/);
+            });
+        });
+
+        describe('network serialization', () => {
+            it('should serialize mainnet correctly', () => {
+                const base = createMockSerializedState();
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    baseParams: { ...base.baseParams, networkName: 'mainnet' },
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.networkName).toBe('mainnet');
+            });
+
+            it('should serialize testnet correctly', () => {
+                const base = createMockSerializedState();
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    baseParams: { ...base.baseParams, networkName: 'testnet' },
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.networkName).toBe('testnet');
+            });
+
+            it('should serialize regtest correctly', () => {
+                const base = createMockSerializedState();
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    baseParams: { ...base.baseParams, networkName: 'regtest' },
+                });
+
+                const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                    TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+                );
+
+                expect(deserialized.baseParams.networkName).toBe('regtest');
+            });
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('TransactionStateCapture', () => {
+        describe('fromFunding', () => {
+            it('should capture state from funding transaction parameters', () => {
+                const params = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    mldsaSigner: null,
+                    network,
+                    utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address1, 100000n)],
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address2,
+                    feeRate: 10,
+                    priorityFee: 1000n,
+                    gasSatFee: 500n,
+                    amount: 50000n,
+                    splitInputsInto: 2,
+                };
+
+                const state = TransactionStateCapture.fromFunding(params);
+
+                expect(state.header.transactionType).toBe(TransactionType.FUNDING);
+                expect(state.baseParams.from).toBe(address1);
+                expect(state.baseParams.to).toBe(address2);
+                expect(state.baseParams.feeRate).toBe(10);
+                expect(state.utxos).toHaveLength(1);
+                expect(isFundingSpecificData(state.typeSpecificData)).toBe(true);
+                const data = state.typeSpecificData as FundingSpecificData;
+                expect(data.amount).toBe('50000');
+                expect(data.splitInputsInto).toBe(2);
+            });
+
+            it('should capture precomputed data', () => {
+                const params = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    mldsaSigner: null,
+                    network,
+                    utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address1, 100000n)],
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address2,
+                    feeRate: 10,
+                    priorityFee: 1000n,
+                    gasSatFee: 500n,
+                    amount: 50000n,
+                };
+
+                const precomputed = {
+                    estimatedFees: '2000',
+                };
+
+                const state = TransactionStateCapture.fromFunding(params, precomputed);
+
+                expect(state.precomputedData.estimatedFees).toBe('2000');
+            });
+
+            it('should handle address rotation configuration', () => {
+                const signerMap = createSignerMap([
+                    [address1, signer1],
+                    [address2, signer2],
+                ]);
+
+                const params = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    mldsaSigner: null,
+                    network,
+                    utxos: [
+                        createTaprootUtxo(address1, 50000n, '1'.repeat(64), 0),
+                        createTaprootUtxo(address2, 50000n, '2'.repeat(64), 0),
+                    ],
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address3,
+                    feeRate: 10,
+                    priorityFee: 1000n,
+                    gasSatFee: 500n,
+                    amount: 80000n,
+                    addressRotation: createAddressRotation(signerMap),
+                };
+
+                const state = TransactionStateCapture.fromFunding(params);
+
+                expect(state.addressRotationEnabled).toBe(true);
+                expect(state.signerMappings).toHaveLength(2);
+            });
+        });
+
+        describe('UTXO serialization', () => {
+            it('should serialize UTXO with all optional fields', () => {
+                const utxo: UTXO = {
+                    transactionId: 'a'.repeat(64),
+                    outputIndex: 5,
+                    value: 999999n,
+                    scriptPubKey: {
+                        hex: 'deadbeef',
+                        address: address1,
+                    },
+                    redeemScript: fromHex('cafe'),
+                    witnessScript: fromHex('babe'),
+                    nonWitnessUtxo: fromHex('feed'),
+                };
+
+                const params = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    mldsaSigner: null,
+                    network,
+                    utxos: [utxo],
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address2,
+                    feeRate: 10,
+                    priorityFee: 1000n,
+                    gasSatFee: 500n,
+                    amount: 50000n,
+                };
+
+                const state = TransactionStateCapture.fromFunding(params);
+
+                const stateUtxo0 = state.utxos[0] as SerializedUTXO;
+                expect(stateUtxo0.transactionId).toBe(utxo.transactionId);
+                expect(stateUtxo0.redeemScript).toBe('cafe');
+                expect(stateUtxo0.witnessScript).toBe('babe');
+                expect(stateUtxo0.nonWitnessUtxo).toBe('feed');
+            });
+
+            it('should handle UTXOs with string scripts', () => {
+                const utxo: UTXO = {
+                    transactionId: 'b'.repeat(64),
+                    outputIndex: 0,
+                    value: 10000n,
+                    scriptPubKey: {
+                        hex: 'aabbcc',
+                        address: address1,
+                    },
+                    redeemScript: 'ddeeff', // String instead of Buffer
+                };
+
+                const params = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    mldsaSigner: null,
+                    network,
+                    utxos: [utxo],
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address2,
+                    feeRate: 10,
+                    priorityFee: 1000n,
+                    gasSatFee: 500n,
+                    amount: 5000n,
+                };
+
+                const state = TransactionStateCapture.fromFunding(params);
+
+                expect((state.utxos[0] as SerializedUTXO).redeemScript).toBe('ddeeff');
+            });
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('TransactionReconstructor', () => {
+        describe('reconstruct', () => {
+            it('should reconstruct a funding transaction', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING);
+
+                const options: ReconstructionOptions = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                };
+
+                const builder = TransactionReconstructor.reconstruct(state, options);
+
+                expect(builder).toBeInstanceOf(FundingTransaction);
+                expect(builder.type).toBe(TransactionType.FUNDING);
+            });
+
+            it('should apply fee rate override', () => {
+                const base = createMockSerializedState();
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    baseParams: { ...base.baseParams, feeRate: 10 },
+                });
+
+                const options: ReconstructionOptions = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    newFeeRate: 50,
+                };
+
+                const builder = TransactionReconstructor.reconstruct(state, options);
+
+                // The builder should have the new fee rate
+                expect(builder).toBeDefined();
+            });
+
+            it('should apply priority fee override', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING);
+
+                const options: ReconstructionOptions = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    newPriorityFee: 5000n,
+                };
+
+                const builder = TransactionReconstructor.reconstruct(state, options);
+                expect(builder).toBeDefined();
+            });
+
+            it('should apply gas sat fee override', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING);
+
+                const options: ReconstructionOptions = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    newGasSatFee: 2000n,
+                };
+
+                const builder = TransactionReconstructor.reconstruct(state, options);
+                expect(builder).toBeDefined();
+            });
+
+            it('should throw when address rotation enabled but no signerMap provided', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    addressRotationEnabled: true,
+                });
+
+                const options: ReconstructionOptions = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    // No signerMap provided
+                };
+
+                expect(() => TransactionReconstructor.reconstruct(state, options)).toThrow(
+                    /signerMap/,
+                );
+            });
+
+            it('should reconstruct with address rotation when signerMap provided', () => {
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    addressRotationEnabled: true,
+                    signerMappings: [{ address: address1, inputIndices: [0] }],
+                });
+
+                const signerMap = createSignerMap([[address1, signer1]]);
+
+                const options: ReconstructionOptions = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    signerMap,
+                };
+
+                const builder = TransactionReconstructor.reconstruct(state, options);
+                expect(builder).toBeDefined();
+            });
+        });
+
+        describe('network conversion', () => {
+            it('should convert mainnet name to network', () => {
+                const base = createMockSerializedState();
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    baseParams: { ...base.baseParams, networkName: 'mainnet' },
+                });
+
+                const options: ReconstructionOptions = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                };
+
+                const builder = TransactionReconstructor.reconstruct(state, options);
+                expect(builder).toBeDefined();
+            });
+
+            it('should convert testnet name to network', () => {
+                const base = createMockSerializedState();
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    baseParams: { ...base.baseParams, networkName: 'testnet' },
+                });
+
+                const options: ReconstructionOptions = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                };
+
+                const builder = TransactionReconstructor.reconstruct(state, options);
+                expect(builder).toBeDefined();
+            });
+
+            it('should convert regtest name to network', () => {
+                const base = createMockSerializedState();
+                const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                    baseParams: { ...base.baseParams, networkName: 'regtest' },
+                });
+
+                const options: ReconstructionOptions = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                };
+
+                const builder = TransactionReconstructor.reconstruct(state, options);
+                expect(builder).toBeDefined();
+            });
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('OfflineTransactionManager', () => {
+        describe('exportFunding', () => {
+            it('should export funding transaction to base64', () => {
+                const params = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    mldsaSigner: null,
+                    network,
+                    utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address1, 100000n)],
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address2,
+                    feeRate: 10,
+                    priorityFee: 1000n,
+                    gasSatFee: 500n,
+                    amount: 50000n,
+                };
+
+                const exported = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+                expect(typeof exported).toBe('string');
+                expect(exported.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+
+                // Should be valid base64
+                expect(() => atob(exported)).not.toThrow();
+            });
+        });
+
+        describe('importForSigning', () => {
+            it('should import serialized state and create builder', () => {
+                const params = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    mldsaSigner: null,
+                    network,
+                    utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address1, 100000n)],
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address2,
+                    feeRate: 10,
+                    priorityFee: 1000n,
+                    gasSatFee: 500n,
+                    amount: 50000n,
+                };
+
+                const exported = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+                const builder = OfflineTransactionManager.importForSigning(exported, {
+                    signer: signer1,
+                });
+
+                expect(builder).toBeInstanceOf(FundingTransaction);
+            });
+        });
+
+        describe('inspect', () => {
+            it('should return parsed state for inspection', () => {
+                const params = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    mldsaSigner: null,
+                    network,
+                    utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address1, 100000n)],
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address2,
+                    feeRate: 15,
+                    priorityFee: 1000n,
+                    gasSatFee: 500n,
+                    amount: 50000n,
+                };
+
+                const exported = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+                const inspected = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(exported);
+
+                expect(inspected.header.transactionType).toBe(TransactionType.FUNDING);
+                expect(inspected.baseParams.from).toBe(address1);
+                expect(inspected.baseParams.to).toBe(address2);
+                expect(inspected.baseParams.feeRate).toBeCloseTo(15, 3);
+            });
+        });
+
+        describe('validate', () => {
+            it('should return true for valid serialized state', () => {
+                const params = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    mldsaSigner: null,
+                    network,
+                    utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address1, 100000n)],
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address2,
+                    feeRate: 10,
+                    priorityFee: 1000n,
+                    gasSatFee: 500n,
+                    amount: 50000n,
+                };
+
+                const exported = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+                expect(OfflineTransactionManager.validate(exported)).toBe(true);
+            });
+
+            it('should return false for invalid serialized state', () => {
+                expect(OfflineTransactionManager.validate('invalid base64!')).toBe(false);
+                expect(OfflineTransactionManager.validate('')).toBe(false);
+                expect(OfflineTransactionManager.validate('YWJj')).toBe(false); // Valid base64 but invalid data
+            });
+        });
+
+        describe('getType', () => {
+            it('should return transaction type from serialized state', () => {
+                const params = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    mldsaSigner: null,
+                    network,
+                    utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address1, 100000n)],
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address2,
+                    feeRate: 10,
+                    priorityFee: 1000n,
+                    gasSatFee: 500n,
+                    amount: 50000n,
+                };
+
+                const exported = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+                const type = OfflineTransactionManager.getType(exported);
+
+                expect(type).toBe(TransactionType.FUNDING);
+            });
+        });
+
+        describe('toHex/fromHex', () => {
+            it('should convert between base64 and hex formats', () => {
+                const params = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    mldsaSigner: null,
+                    network,
+                    utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address1, 100000n)],
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address2,
+                    feeRate: 10,
+                    priorityFee: 1000n,
+                    gasSatFee: 500n,
+                    amount: 50000n,
+                };
+
+                const base64 = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+                const hex = OfflineTransactionManager.toHex(base64);
+
+                expect(/^[0-9a-f]+$/i.test(hex)).toBe(true);
+
+                const backToBase64 = OfflineTransactionManager.fromHex(hex);
+
+                // Both should deserialize to the same state
+                const state1 = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(base64);
+                const state2 = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(backToBase64);
+
+                expect(state1.baseParams.from).toBe(state2.baseParams.from);
+                expect(state1.baseParams.to).toBe(state2.baseParams.to);
+            });
+        });
+
+        describe('full workflow', () => {
+            it('should complete export -> import -> reconstruct workflow', () => {
+                // Phase 1: Export
+                const params = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    mldsaSigner: null,
+                    network,
+                    utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address1, 100000n)],
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address2,
+                    feeRate: 10,
+                    priorityFee: 1000n,
+                    gasSatFee: 500n,
+                    amount: 50000n,
+                };
+
+                const exported = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+                // Validate
+                expect(OfflineTransactionManager.validate(exported)).toBe(true);
+
+                // Inspect
+                const inspected = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(exported);
+                expect(inspected.header.transactionType).toBe(TransactionType.FUNDING);
+
+                // Phase 2: Import with different signer
+                const builder = OfflineTransactionManager.importForSigning(exported, {
+                    signer: signer1,
+                });
+
+                expect(builder).toBeDefined();
+                expect(builder.type).toBe(TransactionType.FUNDING);
+            });
+
+            it('should support fee bumping workflow', () => {
+                const params = {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    mldsaSigner: null,
+                    network,
+                    utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address1, 100000n)],
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address2,
+                    feeRate: 10,
+                    priorityFee: 1000n,
+                    gasSatFee: 500n,
+                    amount: 50000n,
+                };
+
+                const exported = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+                // Rebuild with higher fee
+                const bumpedState = OfflineTransactionManager.rebuildWithNewFees(
+                    exported,
+                    50, // New fee rate
+                );
+
+                // Verify the new state has updated fee
+                const inspected = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(bumpedState);
+                expect(inspected.baseParams.feeRate).toBeCloseTo(50, 3);
+            });
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('Type Guards', () => {
+        it('isFundingSpecificData should correctly identify funding data', () => {
+            const fundingData: FundingSpecificData = {
+                type: TransactionType.FUNDING,
+                amount: '1000',
+                splitInputsInto: 1,
+            };
+
+            expect(isFundingSpecificData(fundingData)).toBe(true);
+
+            const otherData: CancelSpecificData = {
+                type: TransactionType.CANCEL,
+                compiledTargetScript: 'ab0c',
+            };
+
+            expect(isFundingSpecificData(otherData)).toBe(false);
+        });
+
+        it('isDeploymentSpecificData should correctly identify deployment data', () => {
+            const deploymentData: DeploymentSpecificData = {
+                type: TransactionType.DEPLOYMENT,
+                bytecode: 'ab0c',
+                challenge: createMockChallenge(),
+            };
+
+            expect(isDeploymentSpecificData(deploymentData)).toBe(true);
+
+            const nonDeploymentData: FundingSpecificData = {
+                type: TransactionType.FUNDING,
+                amount: '0',
+                splitInputsInto: 1,
+            };
+            expect(isDeploymentSpecificData(nonDeploymentData)).toBe(false);
+        });
+
+        it('isInteractionSpecificData should correctly identify interaction data', () => {
+            const interactionData: InteractionSpecificData = {
+                type: TransactionType.INTERACTION,
+                calldata: 'ab0c',
+                challenge: createMockChallenge(),
+            };
+
+            expect(isInteractionSpecificData(interactionData)).toBe(true);
+
+            const nonInteractionData: FundingSpecificData = {
+                type: TransactionType.FUNDING,
+                amount: '0',
+                splitInputsInto: 1,
+            };
+            expect(isInteractionSpecificData(nonInteractionData)).toBe(false);
+        });
+
+        it('isMultiSigSpecificData should correctly identify multisig data', () => {
+            const multiSigData: MultiSigSpecificData = {
+                type: TransactionType.MULTI_SIG,
+                pubkeys: [],
+                minimumSignatures: 2,
+                receiver: 'addr',
+                requestedAmount: '1000',
+                refundVault: 'vault',
+                originalInputCount: 1,
+            };
+
+            expect(isMultiSigSpecificData(multiSigData)).toBe(true);
+
+            const nonMultiSigData: FundingSpecificData = {
+                type: TransactionType.FUNDING,
+                amount: '0',
+                splitInputsInto: 1,
+            };
+            expect(isMultiSigSpecificData(nonMultiSigData)).toBe(false);
+        });
+
+        it('isCustomScriptSpecificData should correctly identify custom script data', () => {
+            const customData: CustomScriptSpecificData = {
+                type: TransactionType.CUSTOM_CODE,
+                scriptElements: [],
+                witnesses: [],
+            };
+
+            expect(isCustomScriptSpecificData(customData)).toBe(true);
+
+            const nonCustomData: FundingSpecificData = {
+                type: TransactionType.FUNDING,
+                amount: '0',
+                splitInputsInto: 1,
+            };
+            expect(isCustomScriptSpecificData(nonCustomData)).toBe(false);
+        });
+
+        it('isCancelSpecificData should correctly identify cancel data', () => {
+            const cancelData: CancelSpecificData = {
+                type: TransactionType.CANCEL,
+                compiledTargetScript: 'ab0c',
+            };
+
+            expect(isCancelSpecificData(cancelData)).toBe(true);
+
+            const nonCancelData: FundingSpecificData = {
+                type: TransactionType.FUNDING,
+                amount: '0',
+                splitInputsInto: 1,
+            };
+            expect(isCancelSpecificData(nonCancelData)).toBe(false);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('Edge Cases', () => {
+        it('should handle empty UTXOs array', () => {
+            const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                utxos: [],
+            });
+
+            const serialized = TransactionSerializer.serialize(state);
+            const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(serialized);
+
+            expect(deserialized.utxos).toHaveLength(0);
+        });
+
+        it('should handle very large values', () => {
+            const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                utxos: [
+                    {
+                        transactionId: '0'.repeat(64),
+                        outputIndex: 0,
+                        value: '9999999999999999', // Large value
+                        scriptPubKeyHex: 'aa',
+                    },
+                ],
+            });
+
+            const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+            );
+
+            expect((deserialized.utxos[0] as SerializedUTXO).value).toBe('9999999999999999');
+        });
+
+        it('should handle empty strings', () => {
+            const base = createMockSerializedState();
+            const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                baseParams: { ...base.baseParams, from: '', to: '' },
+            });
+
+            const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+            );
+
+            expect(deserialized.baseParams.from).toBe('');
+        });
+
+        it('should handle special characters in note', () => {
+            const base = createMockSerializedState();
+            const specialNote = toHex(new TextEncoder().encode('Hello\x00World\n\t\r'));
+            const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                baseParams: { ...base.baseParams, note: specialNote },
+            });
+
+            const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+            );
+
+            expect(deserialized.baseParams.note).toBe(specialNote);
+        });
+
+        it('should handle zero fee rate', () => {
+            const base = createMockSerializedState();
+            const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                baseParams: { ...base.baseParams, feeRate: 0 },
+            });
+
+            const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+            );
+
+            expect(deserialized.baseParams.feeRate).toBe(0);
+        });
+
+        it('should handle maximum input indices in signer mappings', () => {
+            const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.FUNDING, {
+                addressRotationEnabled: true,
+                signerMappings: [
+                    { address: address1, inputIndices: Array.from({ length: 100 }, (_, i) => i) },
+                ],
+            });
+
+            const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+            );
+
+            expect((deserialized.signerMappings[0] as (typeof deserialized.signerMappings)[0]).inputIndices).toHaveLength(100);
+        });
+
+        it('should handle loaded storage with many keys', () => {
+            const loadedStorage: { [key: string]: string[] } = {};
+            for (let i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
+                loadedStorage[`key${i}`] = [`value${i}a`, `value${i}b`];
+            }
+
+            const state = createMockSerializedState(TransactionType.INTERACTION, {
+                header: {
+                    formatVersion: SERIALIZATION_FORMAT_VERSION,
+                    consensusVersion: currentConsensus,
+                    transactionType: TransactionType.INTERACTION,
+                    chainId: ChainId.Bitcoin,
+                    timestamp: Date.now(),
+                },
+                typeSpecificData: {
+                    type: TransactionType.INTERACTION,
+                    calldata: 'ab0c',
+                    challenge: createMockChallenge(),
+                    loadedStorage,
+                } as InteractionSpecificData,
+            });
+
+            const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(
+                TransactionSerializer.serialize(state),
+            );
+
+            const data = deserialized.typeSpecificData as InteractionSpecificData;
+            expect(Object.keys(data.loadedStorage || {}).length).toBe(50);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('Round-trip Tests', () => {
+        it('should preserve all data through serialize/deserialize cycle', () => {
+            const originalState: ISerializableTransactionState = {
+                header: {
+                    formatVersion: SERIALIZATION_FORMAT_VERSION,
+                    consensusVersion: currentConsensus,
+                    transactionType: TransactionType.FUNDING,
+                    chainId: ChainId.Bitcoin,
+                    timestamp: 1700000000000,
+                },
+                baseParams: {
+                    from: address1,
+                    to: address2,
+                    feeRate: 12.5,
+                    priorityFee: '1500',
+                    gasSatFee: '750',
+                    networkName: 'regtest',
+                    txVersion: 2,
+                    note: 'deadbeef',
+                    anchor: true,
+                    debugFees: true,
+                },
+                utxos: [
+                    {
+                        transactionId: 'a'.repeat(64),
+                        outputIndex: 3,
+                        value: '123456',
+                        scriptPubKeyHex: 'aa',
+                        scriptPubKeyAddress: address1,
+                        redeemScript: 'bb',
+                        witnessScript: 'cc',
+                        nonWitnessUtxo: 'dd',
+                    },
+                ],
+                optionalInputs: [
+                    {
+                        transactionId: 'b'.repeat(64),
+                        outputIndex: 1,
+                        value: '789',
+                        scriptPubKeyHex: 'ee',
+                    },
+                ],
+                optionalOutputs: [
+                    {
+                        value: 5000,
+                        address: address3,
+                        tapInternalKey: 'ff'.repeat(16),
+                    },
+                ],
+                addressRotationEnabled: true,
+                signerMappings: [
+                    { address: address1, inputIndices: [0, 1] },
+                    { address: address2, inputIndices: [2] },
+                ],
+                typeSpecificData: {
+                    type: TransactionType.FUNDING,
+                    amount: '99999',
+                    splitInputsInto: 3,
+                },
+                precomputedData: {
+                    compiledTargetScript: '1234',
+                    randomBytes: '5678',
+                    estimatedFees: '1000',
+                    contractSeed: 'seed',
+                    contractAddress: address3,
+                },
+            };
+
+            const serialized = TransactionSerializer.serialize(originalState);
+            const deserialized = TransactionSerializer.deserialize(serialized);
+
+            // Verify header
+            expect(deserialized.header.formatVersion).toBe(originalState.header.formatVersion);
+            expect(deserialized.header.consensusVersion).toBe(originalState.header.consensusVersion);
+            expect(deserialized.header.transactionType).toBe(originalState.header.transactionType);
+            expect(deserialized.header.chainId).toBe(originalState.header.chainId);
+            expect(deserialized.header.timestamp).toBe(originalState.header.timestamp);
+
+            // Verify base params
+            expect(deserialized.baseParams.from).toBe(originalState.baseParams.from);
+            expect(deserialized.baseParams.to).toBe(originalState.baseParams.to);
+            expect(deserialized.baseParams.feeRate).toBeCloseTo(originalState.baseParams.feeRate, 3);
+            expect(deserialized.baseParams.priorityFee).toBe(originalState.baseParams.priorityFee);
+            expect(deserialized.baseParams.gasSatFee).toBe(originalState.baseParams.gasSatFee);
+            expect(deserialized.baseParams.networkName).toBe(originalState.baseParams.networkName);
+            expect(deserialized.baseParams.txVersion).toBe(originalState.baseParams.txVersion);
+            expect(deserialized.baseParams.note).toBe(originalState.baseParams.note);
+            expect(deserialized.baseParams.anchor).toBe(originalState.baseParams.anchor);
+            expect(deserialized.baseParams.debugFees).toBe(originalState.baseParams.debugFees);
+
+            // Verify UTXOs
+            expect(deserialized.utxos).toEqual(originalState.utxos);
+
+            // Verify optional inputs/outputs
+            expect(deserialized.optionalInputs).toEqual(originalState.optionalInputs);
+            expect(deserialized.optionalOutputs).toEqual(originalState.optionalOutputs);
+
+            // Verify address rotation
+            expect(deserialized.addressRotationEnabled).toBe(originalState.addressRotationEnabled);
+            expect(deserialized.signerMappings).toEqual(originalState.signerMappings);
+
+            // Verify type-specific data
+            expect(deserialized.typeSpecificData).toEqual(originalState.typeSpecificData);
+
+            // Verify precomputed data
+            expect(deserialized.precomputedData).toEqual(originalState.precomputedData);
+        });
+
+        it('should preserve data through export/import/reconstruct cycle', () => {
+            const params = {
+                signer: defaultSigner,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                network,
+                utxos: [
+                    createTaprootUtxo(address1, 50000n, '1'.repeat(64), 0),
+                    createTaprootUtxo(address2, 30000n, '2'.repeat(64), 1),
+                ],
+                from: address1,
+                to: address3,
+                feeRate: 20,
+                priorityFee: 2000n,
+                gasSatFee: 1000n,
+                amount: 60000n,
+                splitInputsInto: 2,
+            };
+
+            // Export
+            const exported = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+            // Inspect
+            const inspected = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(exported);
+            expect(inspected.baseParams.feeRate).toBeCloseTo(20, 3);
+            expect(inspected.utxos).toHaveLength(2);
+
+            // Import with new signer
+            const builder = OfflineTransactionManager.importForSigning(exported, {
+                signer: signer1,
+            });
+
+            expect(builder).toBeDefined();
+            expect(builder.type).toBe(TransactionType.FUNDING);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('Actual Transaction Signing', () => {
+        it('should sign a funding transaction through full offline workflow', async () => {
+            // Phase 1: Online - Create and export transaction
+            const params = {
+                signer: defaultSigner,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                network,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 100000n, 'a'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                from: defaultAddress,
+                to: address2,
+                feeRate: 10,
+                priorityFee: 1000n,
+                gasSatFee: 500n,
+                amount: 50000n,
+            };
+
+            const exportedState = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+            // Verify export is valid
+            expect(OfflineTransactionManager.validate(exportedState)).toBe(true);
+
+            // Phase 2: Offline - Import, sign, export
+            const signedTxHex = await OfflineTransactionManager.importSignAndExport(
+                exportedState,
+                { signer: defaultSigner },
+            );
+
+            // Verify we got a valid hex transaction
+            expect(signedTxHex).toBeDefined();
+            expect(typeof signedTxHex).toBe('string');
+            expect(signedTxHex.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+            expect(/^[0-9a-f]+$/i.test(signedTxHex)).toBe(true);
+        });
+
+        it('should sign using two-step import then sign process', async () => {
+            const params = {
+                signer: signer1,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                network,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address1, 80000n, 'b'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                from: address1,
+                to: address2,
+                feeRate: 15,
+                priorityFee: 500n,
+                gasSatFee: 300n,
+                amount: 40000n,
+            };
+
+            const exportedState = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+            // Step 1: Import for signing
+            const builder = OfflineTransactionManager.importForSigning(exportedState, {
+                signer: signer1,
+            });
+
+            expect(builder).toBeDefined();
+            expect(builder.type).toBe(TransactionType.FUNDING);
+
+            // Step 2: Sign and export
+            const signedTxHex = await OfflineTransactionManager.signAndExport(builder);
+
+            expect(signedTxHex).toBeDefined();
+            expect(/^[0-9a-f]+$/i.test(signedTxHex)).toBe(true);
+        });
+
+        it('should sign with fee bumping', async () => {
+            const params = {
+                signer: signer2,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                network,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address2, 120000n, 'c'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                from: address2,
+                to: address3,
+                feeRate: 5,
+                priorityFee: 200n,
+                gasSatFee: 100n,
+                amount: 60000n,
+            };
+
+            const originalState = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+            // Verify original fee rate
+            const originalInspected = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(originalState);
+            expect(originalInspected.baseParams.feeRate).toBeCloseTo(5, 3);
+
+            // Bump fee to 25 sat/vB
+            const bumpedState = OfflineTransactionManager.rebuildWithNewFees(
+                originalState,
+                25,
+            );
+
+            // Verify bumped fee rate
+            const bumpedInspected = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(bumpedState);
+            expect(bumpedInspected.baseParams.feeRate).toBeCloseTo(25, 3);
+
+            // Sign the bumped transaction
+            const signedTxHex = await OfflineTransactionManager.importSignAndExport(
+                bumpedState,
+                { signer: signer2 },
+            );
+
+            expect(signedTxHex).toBeDefined();
+            expect(/^[0-9a-f]+$/i.test(signedTxHex)).toBe(true);
+        });
+
+        it('should sign with rebuildSignAndExport convenience method', async () => {
+            const params = {
+                signer: signer3,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                network,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address3, 90000n, 'd'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                from: address3,
+                to: address1,
+                feeRate: 8,
+                priorityFee: 300n,
+                gasSatFee: 150n,
+                amount: 45000n,
+            };
+
+            const originalState = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+            // Bump and sign in one call
+            const signedTxHex = await OfflineTransactionManager.rebuildSignAndExport(
+                originalState,
+                40, // New fee rate
+                { signer: signer3 },
+            );
+
+            expect(signedTxHex).toBeDefined();
+            expect(/^[0-9a-f]+$/i.test(signedTxHex)).toBe(true);
+        });
+
+        it('should sign with multiple UTXOs', async () => {
+            const params = {
+                signer: defaultSigner,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                network,
+                utxos: [
+                    createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 30000n, 'e'.repeat(64), 0),
+                    createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 40000n, 'f'.repeat(64), 1),
+                    createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 50000n, '1'.repeat(64), 2),
+                ],
+                from: defaultAddress,
+                to: address2,
+                feeRate: 12,
+                priorityFee: 600n,
+                gasSatFee: 400n,
+                amount: 100000n,
+            };
+
+            const exportedState = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+            // Verify all UTXOs are captured
+            const inspected = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(exportedState);
+            expect(inspected.utxos).toHaveLength(3);
+
+            // Sign
+            const signedTxHex = await OfflineTransactionManager.importSignAndExport(
+                exportedState,
+                { signer: defaultSigner },
+            );
+
+            expect(signedTxHex).toBeDefined();
+            expect(/^[0-9a-f]+$/i.test(signedTxHex)).toBe(true);
+        });
+
+        it('should sign with address rotation using multiple signers', async () => {
+            // For address rotation, UTXOs must use addresses that match the signers
+            // Use all UTXOs from defaultAddress with defaultSigner for simplicity
+            const signerMap = createSignerMap([
+                [defaultAddress, defaultSigner],
+            ]);
+
+            const params = {
+                signer: defaultSigner,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                network,
+                utxos: [
+                    createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 50000n, '2'.repeat(64), 0),
+                    createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 60000n, '3'.repeat(64), 1),
+                ],
+                from: defaultAddress,
+                to: address3,
+                feeRate: 10,
+                priorityFee: 500n,
+                gasSatFee: 250n,
+                amount: 80000n,
+                addressRotation: createAddressRotation(signerMap),
+            };
+
+            const exportedState = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+            // Verify address rotation is captured
+            const inspected = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(exportedState);
+            expect(inspected.addressRotationEnabled).toBe(true);
+            expect(inspected.signerMappings.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+
+            // Sign with address rotation
+            const signedTxHex = await OfflineTransactionManager.importSignAndExport(
+                exportedState,
+                {
+                    signer: defaultSigner,
+                    signerMap,
+                },
+            );
+
+            expect(signedTxHex).toBeDefined();
+            expect(/^[0-9a-f]+$/i.test(signedTxHex)).toBe(true);
+        });
+
+        it('should produce different signatures with different signers', async () => {
+            // Export state that can be signed by either signer
+            const params = {
+                signer: signer1,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                network,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address1, 100000n, '4'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                from: address1,
+                to: address2,
+                feeRate: 10,
+                priorityFee: 1000n,
+                gasSatFee: 500n,
+                amount: 50000n,
+            };
+
+            const exportedState = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+            // Sign with signer1
+            const signedTx1 = await OfflineTransactionManager.importSignAndExport(
+                exportedState,
+                { signer: signer1 },
+            );
+
+            // Sign again with signer1 (should produce same structure, potentially different due to nonce)
+            const signedTx1Again = await OfflineTransactionManager.importSignAndExport(
+                exportedState,
+                { signer: signer1 },
+            );
+
+            // Both signatures should be valid hex
+            expect(/^[0-9a-f]+$/i.test(signedTx1)).toBe(true);
+            expect(/^[0-9a-f]+$/i.test(signedTx1Again)).toBe(true);
+
+            // Transaction structure should be similar in length
+            // (exact match not guaranteed due to Schnorr signature randomness)
+            expect(Math.abs(signedTx1.length - signedTx1Again.length)).toBeLessThan(10);
+        });
+
+        it('should handle split funding transaction', async () => {
+            const params = {
+                signer: defaultSigner,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                network,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 200000n, '5'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                from: defaultAddress,
+                to: address2,
+                feeRate: 10,
+                priorityFee: 1000n,
+                gasSatFee: 500n,
+                amount: 150000n,
+                splitInputsInto: 3, // Split into 3 outputs
+            };
+
+            const exportedState = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+            // Verify split is captured
+            const inspected = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(exportedState);
+            expect(isFundingSpecificData(inspected.typeSpecificData)).toBe(true);
+            const fundingData = inspected.typeSpecificData as FundingSpecificData;
+            expect(fundingData.splitInputsInto).toBe(3);
+
+            // Sign
+            const signedTxHex = await OfflineTransactionManager.importSignAndExport(
+                exportedState,
+                { signer: defaultSigner },
+            );
+
+            expect(signedTxHex).toBeDefined();
+            expect(/^[0-9a-f]+$/i.test(signedTxHex)).toBe(true);
+        });
+
+        it('should sign after format conversion (base64 -> hex -> base64)', async () => {
+            const params = {
+                signer: signer1,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                network,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(address1, 75000n, '6'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                from: address1,
+                to: address3,
+                feeRate: 20,
+                priorityFee: 800n,
+                gasSatFee: 400n,
+                amount: 35000n,
+            };
+
+            // Export as base64
+            const base64State = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(params);
+
+            // Convert to hex
+            const hexState = OfflineTransactionManager.toHex(base64State);
+            expect(/^[0-9a-f]+$/i.test(hexState)).toBe(true);
+
+            // Convert back to base64
+            const backToBase64 = OfflineTransactionManager.fromHex(hexState);
+
+            // Both should validate
+            expect(OfflineTransactionManager.validate(base64State)).toBe(true);
+            expect(OfflineTransactionManager.validate(backToBase64)).toBe(true);
+
+            // Sign from the converted state
+            const signedTxHex = await OfflineTransactionManager.importSignAndExport(
+                backToBase64,
+                { signer: signer1 },
+            );
+
+            expect(signedTxHex).toBeDefined();
+            expect(/^[0-9a-f]+$/i.test(signedTxHex)).toBe(true);
+        });
+    });
+
+    describe('MultiSig Offline Signing', () => {
+        it('should export and validate multisig state', () => {
+            const pubkeys: Uint8Array[] = [
+                new Uint8Array(signer1.publicKey),
+                new Uint8Array(signer2.publicKey),
+                new Uint8Array(signer3.publicKey),
+            ];
+
+            const params = {
+                signer: defaultSigner,
+                network,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 100000n, 'a'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                feeRate: 10,
+                priorityFee: 0n,
+                gasSatFee: 0n,
+                pubkeys,
+                minimumSignatures: 2,
+                receiver: address1,
+                requestedAmount: 50000n,
+                refundVault: address2,
+            };
+
+            const state = OfflineTransactionManager.exportMultiSig(params);
+
+            expect(OfflineTransactionManager.validate(state)).toBe(true);
+            expect(OfflineTransactionManager.getType(state)).toBe(TransactionType.MULTI_SIG);
+
+            const inspected = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(state);
+            expect(inspected.typeSpecificData.type).toBe(TransactionType.MULTI_SIG);
+        });
+
+        it('should serialize and deserialize multisig specific data', () => {
+            const pubkeys: Uint8Array[] = [
+                new Uint8Array(signer1.publicKey),
+                new Uint8Array(signer2.publicKey),
+            ];
+
+            const params = {
+                signer: defaultSigner,
+                network,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 80000n, 'b'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                feeRate: 15,
+                priorityFee: 0n,
+                gasSatFee: 0n,
+                pubkeys,
+                minimumSignatures: 2,
+                receiver: address1,
+                requestedAmount: 40000n,
+                refundVault: address2,
+            };
+
+            const state = OfflineTransactionManager.exportMultiSig(params);
+            const inspected = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(state);
+
+            expect(isMultiSigSpecificData(inspected.typeSpecificData)).toBe(true);
+
+            if (isMultiSigSpecificData(inspected.typeSpecificData)) {
+                expect(inspected.typeSpecificData.pubkeys).toHaveLength(2);
+                expect(inspected.typeSpecificData.minimumSignatures).toBe(2);
+                expect(inspected.typeSpecificData.receiver).toBe(address1);
+                expect(inspected.typeSpecificData.requestedAmount).toBe('40000');
+                expect(inspected.typeSpecificData.refundVault).toBe(address2);
+            }
+        });
+
+        it('should report no signatures initially', () => {
+            const pubkeys: Uint8Array[] = [
+                new Uint8Array(signer1.publicKey),
+                new Uint8Array(signer2.publicKey),
+            ];
+
+            const params = {
+                signer: defaultSigner,
+                network,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 100000n, 'c'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                feeRate: 10,
+                priorityFee: 0n,
+                gasSatFee: 0n,
+                pubkeys,
+                minimumSignatures: 2,
+                receiver: address1,
+                requestedAmount: 50000n,
+                refundVault: address2,
+            };
+
+            const state = OfflineTransactionManager.exportMultiSig(params);
+            const status = OfflineTransactionManager.multiSigGetSignatureStatus(state);
+
+            expect(status.required).toBe(2);
+            expect(status.collected).toBe(0);
+            expect(status.isComplete).toBe(false);
+            expect(status.signers).toHaveLength(0);
+        });
+
+        it('should return null for PSBT before signing', () => {
+            const pubkeys: Uint8Array[] = [
+                new Uint8Array(signer1.publicKey),
+                new Uint8Array(signer2.publicKey),
+            ];
+
+            const params = {
+                signer: defaultSigner,
+                network,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 100000n, 'd'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                feeRate: 10,
+                priorityFee: 0n,
+                gasSatFee: 0n,
+                pubkeys,
+                minimumSignatures: 2,
+                receiver: address1,
+                requestedAmount: 50000n,
+                refundVault: address2,
+            };
+
+            const state = OfflineTransactionManager.exportMultiSig(params);
+            const psbt = OfflineTransactionManager.multiSigGetPsbt(state);
+
+            expect(psbt).toBeNull();
+        });
+
+        it('should report signer has not signed before signing', () => {
+            const pubkeys: Uint8Array[] = [
+                new Uint8Array(signer1.publicKey),
+                new Uint8Array(signer2.publicKey),
+            ];
+
+            const params = {
+                signer: defaultSigner,
+                network,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 100000n, 'e'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                feeRate: 10,
+                priorityFee: 0n,
+                gasSatFee: 0n,
+                pubkeys,
+                minimumSignatures: 2,
+                receiver: address1,
+                requestedAmount: 50000n,
+                refundVault: address2,
+            };
+
+            const state = OfflineTransactionManager.exportMultiSig(params);
+
+            expect(OfflineTransactionManager.multiSigHasSigned(state, new Uint8Array(signer1.publicKey))).toBe(false);
+            expect(OfflineTransactionManager.multiSigHasSigned(state, new Uint8Array(signer2.publicKey))).toBe(false);
+        });
+
+        it('should throw error for non-multisig state in multisig methods', () => {
+            const fundingParams = {
+                signer: defaultSigner,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                network,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 100000n, 'f'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                from: defaultAddress,
+                to: address1,
+                feeRate: 10,
+                priorityFee: 1000n,
+                gasSatFee: 500n,
+                amount: 50000n,
+            };
+
+            const fundingState = OfflineTransactionManager.exportFunding(fundingParams);
+
+            expect(() => OfflineTransactionManager.multiSigGetSignatureStatus(fundingState))
+                .toThrow('State is not a multisig transaction');
+
+            expect(() => OfflineTransactionManager.multiSigHasSigned(fundingState, new Uint8Array(signer1.publicKey)))
+                .toThrow('State is not a multisig transaction');
+
+            expect(() => OfflineTransactionManager.multiSigGetPsbt(fundingState))
+                .toThrow('State is not a multisig transaction');
+
+            expect(() => OfflineTransactionManager.multiSigFinalize(fundingState))
+                .toThrow('State is not a multisig transaction');
+        });
+
+        it('should throw error when finalizing without signatures', () => {
+            const pubkeys: Uint8Array[] = [
+                new Uint8Array(signer1.publicKey),
+                new Uint8Array(signer2.publicKey),
+            ];
+
+            const params = {
+                signer: defaultSigner,
+                network,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 100000n, '1'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                feeRate: 10,
+                priorityFee: 0n,
+                gasSatFee: 0n,
+                pubkeys,
+                minimumSignatures: 2,
+                receiver: address1,
+                requestedAmount: 50000n,
+                refundVault: address2,
+            };
+
+            const state = OfflineTransactionManager.exportMultiSig(params);
+
+            expect(() => OfflineTransactionManager.multiSigFinalize(state))
+                .toThrow('No PSBT found in state');
+        });
+
+        it('should update PSBT in state', () => {
+            const pubkeys: Uint8Array[] = [
+                new Uint8Array(signer1.publicKey),
+                new Uint8Array(signer2.publicKey),
+            ];
+
+            const params = {
+                signer: defaultSigner,
+                network,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                utxos: [createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 100000n, '2'.repeat(64), 0)],
+                feeRate: 10,
+                priorityFee: 0n,
+                gasSatFee: 0n,
+                pubkeys,
+                minimumSignatures: 2,
+                receiver: address1,
+                requestedAmount: 50000n,
+                refundVault: address2,
+            };
+
+            const state = OfflineTransactionManager.exportMultiSig(params);
+
+            // Update with a mock PSBT
+            const mockPsbtBase64 = 'cHNidP8BAH0CAAAAAb=='; // Minimal valid base64
+            const updatedState = OfflineTransactionManager.multiSigUpdatePsbt(state, mockPsbtBase64);
+
+            const inspected = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(updatedState);
+            if (isMultiSigSpecificData(inspected.typeSpecificData)) {
+                expect(inspected.typeSpecificData.existingPsbtBase64).toBe(mockPsbtBase64);
+            }
+        });
+
+        it('should preserve multisig data through serialization round-trip', () => {
+            const pubkeys: Uint8Array[] = [
+                new Uint8Array(signer1.publicKey),
+                new Uint8Array(signer2.publicKey),
+                new Uint8Array(signer3.publicKey),
+            ];
+
+            const params = {
+                signer: defaultSigner,
+                network,
+                mldsaSigner: null,
+                utxos: [
+                    createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 50000n, '3'.repeat(64), 0),
+                    createTaprootUtxo(defaultAddress, 60000n, '4'.repeat(64), 1),
+                ],
+                feeRate: 20,
+                priorityFee: 0n,
+                gasSatFee: 0n,
+                pubkeys,
+                minimumSignatures: 2,
+                receiver: address1,
+                requestedAmount: 80000n,
+                refundVault: address2,
+            };
+
+            // Export
+            const state = OfflineTransactionManager.exportMultiSig(params);
+
+            // Convert to hex and back
+            const hexState = OfflineTransactionManager.toHex(state);
+            const backToBase64 = OfflineTransactionManager.fromHex(hexState);
+
+            // Verify data preserved
+            const original = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(state);
+            const restored = OfflineTransactionManager.inspect(backToBase64);
+
+            expect(restored.typeSpecificData).toEqual(original.typeSpecificData);
+            expect(restored.utxos).toHaveLength(2);
+        });
+    });
+});
+
+// Helper function to create mock challenge data
+function createMockChallenge() {
+    return {
+        epochNumber: '100',
+        mldsaPublicKey: '0x' + 'aa'.repeat(32),
+        legacyPublicKey: '0x' + 'bb'.repeat(33),
+        solution: '0x' + 'cc'.repeat(32),
+        salt: '0x' + 'dd'.repeat(32),
+        graffiti: '0x' + 'ee'.repeat(16),
+        difficulty: 20,
+        verification: {
+            epochHash: '0x' + '11'.repeat(32),
+            epochRoot: '0x' + '22'.repeat(32),
+            targetHash: '0x' + '33'.repeat(32),
+            targetChecksum: '0x' + '44'.repeat(32),
+            startBlock: '1000',
+            endBlock: '2000',
+            proofs: ['0x' + '55'.repeat(32), '0x' + '66'.repeat(32)],
+        },
+    };
+}