@babylonjs/lite 1.9.0 → 1.10.0

package/lib/sprite/sprite-2d.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"sprite-2d.js","sources":["../../../src/sprite/sprite-2d.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * `Sprite2DLayer` — pixel-coordinate sprite layer. Pure-data interface +\n * standalone Index API for add / update / remove / setFrame. The layer is\n * owned by a `SpriteRenderer` (pure-2D / HUD `depth: \"none\"` path) or by a\n * scene renderable added through `addDepthHostedSpriteLayer`\n * (`depth: \"test\" | \"test-write\"`).\n *\n * The Index API stays the storage foundation. The optional Handle API lives in\n * `sprite-2d-handle.ts` and lazily installs hooks only when handles are used.\n */\nimport { F32 } from \"../engine/typed-arrays.js\";\nimport type { SpriteAtlas } from \"./shared/sprite-atlas.js\";\nimport { resolveSpriteFrame } from \"./shared/sprite-atlas.js\";\nimport type { Sprite2DCustomShader } from \"./sprite-custom-shader.js\";\nimport { _getSpriteFxHook } from \"./sprite-fx-hook.js\";\nimport type { SpriteBlendDescriptor } from \"./sprite-blend.js\";\nimport { spriteBlendAlpha } from \"./sprite-blend.js\";\n\n/**\n * Output blend mode for a sprite layer — a pure-data descriptor value. Import one of\n * `spriteBlendAlpha` (default), `spriteBlendPremultiplied`, or `spriteBlendAdditive` and pass\n * it as `Sprite2DLayerOptions.blendMode`. (Type alias of {@link SpriteBlendDescriptor}.)\n */\nexport type SpriteBlendMode = SpriteBlendDescriptor;\n\n/** Depth participation. `\"none\"` uses `SpriteRenderer`; depth-enabled modes use `addToScene`. */\nexport type Sprite2DDepthMode = \"none\" | \"test\" | \"test-write\";\n\n/** Per-layer 2D camera (pan / zoom / rotation). Identity = pixel-perfect HUD. */\nexport interface Sprite2DView {\n    positionPx: [number, number];\n    zoom: number;\n    rotation: number;\n}\n\n/** Options accepted by `createSprite2DLayer`. */\nexport interface Sprite2DLayerOptions {\n    capacity?: number;\n    blendMode?: SpriteBlendMode;\n    opacity?: number;\n    visible?: boolean;\n    order?: number;\n    view?: Partial<Sprite2DView>;\n    depth?: Sprite2DDepthMode;\n    /**\n     * Layer-wide rotation / scaling pivot in normalised sprite-local space\n     * (`[0,0]` = top-left, `[0.5, 0.5]` = center, `[1,1]` = bottom-right).\n     * The pivot point of every sprite in the layer lands at its `positionPx`\n     * and is the center of `rotation`. Defaults to `[0.5, 0.5]` (center) to\n     * match Babylon.js sprite behavior. Per-sprite / per-frame pivot is a\n     * future PR — most 2D HUD layers want one uniform pivot anyway.\n     */\n    pivot?: [number, number];\n    /**\n     * Opt-in per-layer custom fragment shader (see `createSprite2DCustomShader`). Works on both\n     * pure-2D (`depth: \"none\"`) layers drawn by a `SpriteRenderer` and depth-hosted\n     * (`depth: \"test\" | \"test-write\"`) layers. Drives procedural effects (animated sky, clouds,\n     * water / heat shimmer, twinkle, vignette) from a built-in `fx.time` clock plus an optional\n     * `fx.params` vec4 set via `setSprite2DShaderParams`.\n     */\n    customShader?: Sprite2DCustomShader;\n    /**\n     * Default NDC depth (`0` = near, `1` = far) for sprites added to this layer when their\n     * `Sprite2DProps.z` is omitted. Only meaningful for `depth: \"test\" | \"test-write\"` layers\n     * (depth-hosted sprites added to a `SceneContext` via `addDepthHostedSpriteLayer`).\n     *\n     * Depth-hosted layers store one Z per sprite (slot [13] of their 14-float instance buffer),\n     * so a single layer can mix sprites at different depths — e.g. one in front of a box, one\n     * behind it. Pure-2D layers (`depth: \"none\"`) use the 13-float HUD layout and carry no Z slot.\n     * Defaults to `0.5`. Mutating `layer.layerZ` after sprites have been added does **not**\n     * retroactively change them; it only affects sprites added afterwards. To move an existing\n     * depth-hosted sprite, call `updateSprite2DIndex(layer, idx, { z: … })`.\n     */\n    layerZ?: number;\n}\n\n/** A `Sprite2DLayer` — pure data, no methods. */\nexport interface Sprite2DLayer {\n    /** @internal */\n    readonly _entityType: \"sprite-2d-layer\";\n    readonly atlas: SpriteAtlas;\n    readonly depth: Sprite2DDepthMode;\n    readonly blendMode: SpriteBlendMode;\n    opacity: number;\n    visible: boolean;\n    order: number;\n    view: Sprite2DView;\n    /** Layer-wide pivot in normalised sprite-local space; see `Sprite2DLayerOptions.pivot`. */\n    pivot: [number, number];\n    /**\n     * Opt-in custom fragment shader for this layer; see `Sprite2DLayerOptions.customShader`.\n     * **Absent** (not `null`) on plain layers — never default-initialized, so the always-loaded\n     * path carries zero custom-shader bytes (see `sprite-fx-hook.ts`). Present only when the\n     * layer was created with a `customShader`.\n     */\n    readonly customShader?: Sprite2DCustomShader;\n    /**\n     * User `fx.params` vec4 fed to a custom shader each frame; mutate via `setSprite2DShaderParams`.\n     * **Absent** on plain layers (only allocated for custom-shader layers, or lazily by the setter).\n     */\n    shaderParams?: [number, number, number, number];\n    /**\n     * @internal Opt-in per-sprite UV-scroll vertex attribute (`uvOffset.xy` at `@location(7)`);\n     * enabled via {@link setSprite2DUvOffset}. **Absent** (`undefined`) on plain layers — never\n     * default-initialized, so the always-loaded path and every non-scroll sprite scene keep the\n     * narrow layout and base shader. The first `setSprite2DUvOffset` call widens the instance stride\n     * by two floats and stashes the precomputed attribute here, so the always-loaded pipeline just\n     * *consumes* it as data (`instanceAttributes.push(layer._uvScrollAttr)`) — the attribute-building\n     * code lives entirely in the opt-in `sprite-2d-uvscroll.ts`. Presence also serves as the\n     * \"is wide\" flag (drives the shader permutation key + the prologue `+ in.iUvOffset`).\n     */\n    _uvScrollAttr?: GPUVertexAttribute;\n    /**\n     * @internal Opt-in coverage-gamma value (glyph \"stem darkening\"); set only via\n     * {@link setSprite2DCoverageGamma}. **Absent** (`undefined`, treated as `1` = no-op) on plain\n     * layers — never default-initialized, so the always-loaded path keeps the base shader and\n     * non-gamma scenes ship zero gamma bytes. A value `!= null && !== 1` activates the gamma shader\n     * permutation (the per-fragment `pow`) and is read each frame into the layer UBO; it stays\n     * live-mutable through the setter. Internal so callers can't write a value that the always-loaded\n     * path would silently ignore — enabling is exclusively the setter's job.\n     */\n    _coverageGamma?: number;\n    /** Default NDC depth for newly added sprites; see `Sprite2DLayerOptions.layerZ`. */\n    layerZ: number;\n    readonly count: number;\n\n    /** @internal Capacity of the per-instance buffer (in sprites). */\n    _capacity: number;\n    /** @internal Per-instance stride in floats; 13 for pure-2D, 14 for depth-hosted. */\n    readonly _instanceFloatsPerSprite: number;\n    /** @internal Per-instance stride in bytes; 52 for pure-2D, 56 for depth-hosted. */\n    readonly _instanceStrideBytes: number;\n    /** @internal Per-instance CPU staging buffer; layout = `_instanceFloatsPerSprite` per sprite. */\n    _instanceData: Float32Array;\n    /**\n     * @internal CPU-only side buffer holding the **true** (un-hidden) size of every sprite,\n     * laid out as `[w0, h0, w1, h1, …]` (`SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE` = 2 floats per sprite).\n     *\n     * **Invariant:** this buffer always holds the sprite's real size, regardless of visibility.\n     * It exists because `visible: false` is implemented by zeroing the GPU-side size slots\n     * (degenerate quad → free rasterizer cull) — a free hide on the GPU at the cost of 8 B per\n     * sprite on the CPU. Without this shadow, a `visible: true` patch that omits `sizePx`\n     * would have no way to recover the original size. Grown in lockstep with `_instanceData`.\n     */\n    _savedSize: Float32Array;\n    /** @internal Bumped on any structural / per-instance edit; renderer compares. */\n    _version: number;\n    /** @internal Min dirty index inclusive (for partial uploads). */\n    _dirtyMin: number;\n    /** @internal Max dirty index exclusive. */\n    _dirtyMax: number;\n    /** @internal Optional hooks installed by the opt-in handle module. */\n    _handleHooks?: Sprite2DIndexHandleHooks;\n}\n\n/** @internal Lazy hooks used by the opt-in Handle API to track swap-removes. */\nexport interface Sprite2DIndexHandleHooks {\n    readonly removeIndex: (index: number, last: number) => void;\n    readonly clear: () => void;\n}\n\n/** Per-sprite init record passed to `addSprite2DIndex` / `updateSprite2DIndex`. */\nexport interface Sprite2DProps {\n    positionPx: [number, number];\n    sizePx?: [number, number];\n    frame?: number;\n    rotation?: number;\n    color?: [number, number, number, number];\n    flipX?: boolean;\n    flipY?: boolean;\n    visible?: boolean;\n    /** Reserved for picking. Accepted but unused today. */\n    pickable?: boolean;\n    /** Reserved for clip animation. Accepted but unused today. */\n    clip?: unknown;\n    /**\n     * Per-sprite NDC depth (`0` = near, `1` = far). Only stored and consumed by depth-hosted\n     * layers (`depth: \"test\" | \"test-write\"`); pure-2D HUD layers use a 13-float layout and\n     * do not allocate a Z slot. When omitted on add for a depth-hosted layer, defaults to the\n     * **owning layer's** `layerZ` at the moment of insertion. When omitted on update, the\n     * sprite's existing Z is preserved. Mutate freely — the next binding update will re-upload\n     * only the dirty range.\n     */\n    z?: number;\n}\n\n/**\n * Pure-2D per-instance vertex layout (13 floats = 52 bytes, `depth: \"none\"`):\n * ```\n *   [0..1]  positionPx.xy   (float32x2 @ offset  0)\n *   [2..3]  sizePx.xy       (float32x2 @ offset  8)\n *   [4..5]  uvMin.xy        (float32x2 @ offset 16)\n *   [6..7]  uvMax.xy        (float32x2 @ offset 24)\n *   [8]     rotation        (float32   @ offset 32)\n *   [9..12] colorRGBA       (float32x4 @ offset 36)\n * ```\n *\n * Depth-hosted layers (`depth: \"test\" | \"test-write\"`) extend this to 14 floats = 56 bytes:\n * ```\n *   [13]    z (NDC depth)   (float32   @ offset 52, consumed only by depth-hosted pipelines)\n * ```\n *\n * The opt-in per-sprite UV-scroll feature (`setSprite2DUvOffset`, see `sprite-2d-uvscroll.ts`)\n * appends two more floats (`uvOffset.xy`) *after* the base layout, orthogonally to depth:\n * ```\n *   pure-2D + uvScroll  (15 floats = 60 bytes):  [13..14] uvOffset.xy (float32x2 @ offset 52)\n *   depth   + uvScroll  (16 floats = 64 bytes):  [14..15] uvOffset.xy (float32x2 @ offset 56)\n * ```\n * The depth Z stays at slot [13]; uvOffset is appended after it. Non-scroll layers carry no\n * uvOffset slot and ship none of the widening (the wide layout lives entirely in the opt-in module).\n *\n * Visibility (`visible: false`) is implemented by zeroing slots [2..3]; the sprite's true\n * size lives in `layer._savedSize` so a later `visible: true` (without re-supplying\n * `sizePx`) can restore it. See `_savedSize` for the invariant.\n */\nexport const PURE_2D_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE = 13;\nexport const DEPTH_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE = 14;\n/** @internal Pure-2D per-sprite stride in bytes. */\nexport const PURE_2D_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES = PURE_2D_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE * 4;\n/** @internal Depth-hosted per-sprite stride in bytes. */\nexport const DEPTH_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES = DEPTH_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE * 4;\n/** @internal Per-sprite stride (in floats) of the `_savedSize` shadow buffer: `[w, h]`. */\nexport const SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE = 2;\n\nconst DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 16;\n\n/** Create a new (empty) `Sprite2DLayer` backed by `atlas`. */\nexport function createSprite2DLayer(atlas: SpriteAtlas, opts: Sprite2DLayerOptions = {}): Sprite2DLayer {\n    const depth = opts.depth ?? \"none\";\n    const blendMode = opts.blendMode ?? spriteBlendAlpha;\n\n    const capacity = Math.max(1, opts.capacity ?? DEFAULT_CAPACITY);\n    const view: Sprite2DView = {\n        positionPx: [opts.view?.positionPx?.[0] ?? 0, opts.view?.positionPx?.[1] ?? 0],\n        zoom: opts.view?.zoom ?? 1,\n        rotation: opts.view?.rotation ?? 0,\n    };\n\n    const instanceFloatsPerSprite = depth === \"none\" ? PURE_2D_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE : DEPTH_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE;\n    const instanceStrideBytes = instanceFloatsPerSprite * 4;\n    const instanceData = new F32(capacity * instanceFloatsPerSprite);\n    const layer: Sprite2DLayer = {\n        _entityType: \"sprite-2d-layer\",\n        atlas,\n        depth,\n        blendMode,\n        opacity: opts.opacity ?? 1,\n        visible: opts.visible ?? true,\n        order: opts.order ?? 0,\n        view,\n        pivot: [opts.pivot?.[0] ?? 0.5, opts.pivot?.[1] ?? 0.5],\n        layerZ: opts.layerZ ?? 0.5,\n        count: 0,\n        _capacity: capacity,\n        _instanceFloatsPerSprite: instanceFloatsPerSprite,\n        _instanceStrideBytes: instanceStrideBytes,\n        _instanceData: instanceData,\n        _savedSize: new F32(capacity * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE),\n        _version: 0,\n        _dirtyMin: 0,\n        _dirtyMax: 0,\n    };\n    // Zero-default-init discipline: the base layer never names `customShader` / `shaderParams`.\n    // When (and only when) a custom shader was supplied, the registered hook copies it on — the\n    // impl lives in the tree-shaken `sprite-custom-shader` module, so plain scenes ship none of it.\n    _getSpriteFxHook()?.initLayer(layer, opts);\n    return layer;\n}\n\n/**\n * Set the user `fx.params` vec4 fed to this layer's custom shader (`createSprite2DCustomShader`)\n * each frame. No visual effect unless the layer was created with a `customShader`. Read in WGSL\n * as `fx.params`. Mutates in place; the renderer re-uploads the small FX UBO next frame.\n */\nexport function setSprite2DShaderParams(layer: Sprite2DLayer, params: readonly [number, number, number, number]): void {\n    // Lazy-allocate: the base layer never names `shaderParams` (the custom-shader hook sets it only\n    // when `opts.customShader` is present), so a plain layer keeps the field off the always-loaded path.\n    const target = (layer.shaderParams ??= [0, 0, 0, 0]);\n    target[0] = params[0];\n    target[1] = params[1];\n    target[2] = params[2];\n    target[3] = params[3];\n}\n\nfunction growCapacity(layer: Sprite2DLayer, minCapacity: number): void {\n    let cap = layer._capacity;\n    while (cap < minCapacity) {\n        cap *= 2;\n    }\n    const next = new F32(cap * layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite);\n    next.set(layer._instanceData);\n    layer._instanceData = next;\n    const nextSaved = new F32(cap * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE);\n    nextSaved.set(layer._savedSize);\n    layer._savedSize = nextSaved;\n    layer._capacity = cap;\n}\n\nfunction setSprite2DCount(layer: Sprite2DLayer, count: number): void {\n    (layer as { count: number }).count = count;\n}\n\n/**\n * Write one sprite's instance data into `layer._instanceData[base..base+layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite]`.\n *\n * Two call sites with different shapes:\n *   - **add**: `prev === null`. `props` is a full `Sprite2DProps` (positionPx required).\n *               Unspecified fields take their documented defaults (size=frame.sourceSizePx or 0,\n *               UVs=[0,0,1,1], rotation=0, color=opaque white, visible=true).\n *   - **update**: `prev` is the existing per-layer instance slice. Unspecified fields are preserved.\n *\n * Resolution rules (per field): `props` value if given, else (on add) the default, else `prev`.\n * `frame` is a higher-level intent: when supplied it stomps the four UV slots from the atlas\n * (then `flipX`/`flipY` swap them). It does **not** by itself imply a size change — `sizePx`\n * remains independent — but on add, a missing `sizePx` falls back to `frame.sourceSizePx`.\n *\n * **Visibility model (the part that needs explaining):**\n *   - `_savedSize[slot]` always stores the sprite's *true* size (unaffected by visibility).\n *   - `data[base+2..+3]` (the GPU-visible size) is `_savedSize` when visible, else `(0, 0)`.\n *   - We detect previous visibility by checking `prev[2]==0 && prev[3]==0` (only hidden sprites\n *     have zeroed GPU size). The CPU shadow gives us back the true size for free.\n */\nfunction writeInstance(layer: Sprite2DLayer, slotIndex: number, props: Partial<Sprite2DProps>, prev: Float32Array | null): void {\n    const data = layer._instanceData;\n    const base = slotIndex * layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite;\n    const savedBase = slotIndex * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE; // [w, h] per sprite\n    const isAdd = prev === null;\n\n    // Optional frame lookup (used for UV stomp + size default on add).\n    const frame = props.frame !== undefined ? layer.atlas.frames[resolveSpriteFrame(layer.atlas, props.frame)]! : null;\n\n    // ── Position (required on add; preserved on update if omitted) ──────────────────────\n    const posX = props.positionPx ? props.positionPx[0] : prev![0]!;\n    const posY = props.positionPx ? props.positionPx[1] : prev![1]!;\n\n    // ── True size (props.sizePx → frame default → previous true size) ───────────────────\n    // The shadow buffer makes \"previous true size\" cheap and unambiguous regardless of visibility.\n    let trueW: number;\n    let trueH: number;\n    if (props.sizePx) {\n        trueW = props.sizePx[0];\n        trueH = props.sizePx[1];\n    } else if (frame) {\n        trueW = frame.sourceSizePx[0];\n        trueH = frame.sourceSizePx[1];\n    } else if (isAdd) {\n        trueW = 0;\n        trueH = 0;\n    } else {\n        trueW = layer._savedSize[savedBase]!;\n        trueH = layer._savedSize[savedBase + 1]!;\n    }\n    layer._savedSize[savedBase] = trueW;\n    layer._savedSize[savedBase + 1] = trueH;\n\n    // ── Visibility (props.visible → preserved → default true on add) ────────────────────\n    let visible: boolean;\n    if (props.visible !== undefined) {\n        visible = props.visible;\n    } else if (isAdd) {\n        visible = true;\n    } else {\n        // Previous sprite was hidden iff its GPU size was zeroed.\n        visible = prev![2]! !== 0 || prev![3]! !== 0;\n    }\n\n    // ── UVs (frame stomps; else preserved; else default [0,0,1,1] on add) ───────────────\n    // flipX/flipY apply on top, by swapping the U/V endpoints.\n    let uMin: number;\n    let vMin: number;\n    let uMax: number;\n    let vMax: number;\n    if (frame) {\n        uMin = frame.uvMin[0];\n        vMin = frame.uvMin[1];\n        uMax = frame.uvMax[0];\n        vMax = frame.uvMax[1];\n    } else if (isAdd) {\n        uMin = 0;\n        vMin = 0;\n        uMax = 1;\n        vMax = 1;\n    } else {\n        uMin = prev![4]!;\n        vMin = prev![5]!;\n        uMax = prev![6]!;\n        vMax = prev![7]!;\n    }\n    if (props.flipX === true) {\n        const t = uMin;\n        uMin = uMax;\n        uMax = t;\n    }\n    if (props.flipY === true) {\n        const t = vMin;\n        vMin = vMax;\n        vMax = t;\n    }\n\n    // ── Rotation ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n    const rotation = props.rotation ?? (prev ? prev[8]! : 0);\n\n    // ── Per-instance Z (depth-hosted only) ──────────────────────────────────────────────\n    // Pure-2D layers intentionally have no slot [13]; `z` is accepted by the public API but\n    // not allocated, uploaded, declared, or fetched by HUD pipelines.\n    const hasDepthSlot = layer.depth !== \"none\";\n    const z = hasDepthSlot ? (props.z ?? (prev ? prev[13]! : layer.layerZ)) : 0;\n\n    // ── Write the float slots ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n    data[base + 0] = posX;\n    data[base + 1] = posY;\n    data[base + 2] = visible ? trueW : 0;\n    data[base + 3] = visible ? trueH : 0;\n    data[base + 4] = uMin;\n    data[base + 5] = vMin;\n    data[base + 6] = uMax;\n    data[base + 7] = vMax;\n    data[base + 8] = rotation;\n\n    // ── Color (float32x4 to match Babylon.js SpriteRenderer's color precision) ─────────\n    if (props.color) {\n        data[base + 9] = props.color[0];\n        data[base + 10] = props.color[1];\n        data[base + 11] = props.color[2];\n        data[base + 12] = props.color[3];\n    } else if (isAdd) {\n        data[base + 9] = 1;\n        data[base + 10] = 1;\n        data[base + 11] = 1;\n        data[base + 12] = 1;\n    }\n    // else: previous color floats are already in place — nothing to write.\n\n    // ── Per-instance Z (slot [13], depth-hosted layout only) ───────────────────────────\n    if (hasDepthSlot) {\n        data[base + 13] = z;\n    }\n    // Per-sprite uvOffset (wide layout) is written only via the opt-in `setSprite2DUvOffset`\n    // (see `sprite-2d-uvscroll.ts`); `writeInstance` touches only base slots, so a wide layer's\n    // uvOffset floats are preserved across add / update.\n}\n\nfunction markDirty(layer: Sprite2DLayer, lo: number, hi: number): void {\n    if (layer._dirtyMin >= layer._dirtyMax) {\n        layer._dirtyMin = lo;\n        layer._dirtyMax = hi;\n    } else {\n        if (lo < layer._dirtyMin) {\n            layer._dirtyMin = lo;\n        }\n        if (hi > layer._dirtyMax) {\n            layer._dirtyMax = hi;\n        }\n    }\n    layer._version = (layer._version + 1) | 0;\n}\n\n/** @internal Mark a dirty sprite range + bump version. Exposed for the opt-in uvScroll module. */\nexport function _markSprite2DDirty(layer: Sprite2DLayer, lo: number, hi: number): void {\n    markDirty(layer, lo, hi);\n}\n\n/** Add one sprite. Returns its index. Grows capacity as needed. */\nexport function addSprite2DIndex(layer: Sprite2DLayer, props: Sprite2DProps): number {\n    if (props.positionPx === undefined) {\n        throw new Error(\"addSprite2DIndex: positionPx required.\");\n    }\n    const idx = layer.count;\n    if (idx >= layer._capacity) {\n        growCapacity(layer, idx + 1);\n    }\n    writeInstance(layer, idx, props, null);\n    setSprite2DCount(layer, layer.count + 1);\n    markDirty(layer, idx, idx + 1);\n    return idx;\n}\n\n/** Patch one sprite. Unspecified fields are preserved. */\nexport function updateSprite2DIndex(layer: Sprite2DLayer, index: number, patch: Partial<Sprite2DProps>): void {\n    if (index < 0 || index >= layer.count) {\n        throw new Error(`updateSprite2DIndex: index ${index} out of range [0, ${layer.count})`);\n    }\n    const base = index * layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite;\n    const prev = layer._instanceData.subarray(base, base + layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite);\n    writeInstance(layer, index, patch, prev);\n    markDirty(layer, index, index + 1);\n}\n\n/** Swap-remove a sprite. The last sprite (if any) takes its slot. */\nexport function removeSprite2DIndex(layer: Sprite2DLayer, index: number): void {\n    if (index < 0 || index >= layer.count) {\n        throw new Error(`removeSprite2DIndex: index ${index} out of range [0, ${layer.count})`);\n    }\n    const last = layer.count - 1;\n    layer._handleHooks?.removeIndex(index, last);\n    if (index !== last) {\n        layer._instanceData.copyWithin(index * layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite, last * layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite, (last + 1) * layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite);\n        // Carry the swapped sprite's saved-size shadow with it (`[w, h]` per sprite).\n        layer._savedSize.copyWithin(index * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE, last * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE, (last + 1) * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE);\n    }\n    // Clear the now-unused tail saved-size slot so a future re-add starts clean.\n    layer._savedSize[last * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE] = 0;\n    layer._savedSize[last * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE + 1] = 0;\n    setSprite2DCount(layer, last);\n    markDirty(layer, index, index + 1);\n}\n\n/** Clear all sprites from a layer while preserving allocated capacity. */\nexport function clearSprite2DLayer(layer: Sprite2DLayer): void {\n    const count = layer.count;\n    layer._dirtyMin = 0;\n    layer._dirtyMax = 0;\n    layer._handleHooks?.clear();\n    if (count === 0) {\n        return;\n    }\n    layer._savedSize.fill(0, 0, count * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE);\n    setSprite2DCount(layer, 0);\n    layer._version = (layer._version + 1) | 0;\n}\n\n/**\n * Update only the frame UVs for one sprite.\n *\n * The sprite keeps its explicit `sizePx`/saved size. 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+{"version":3,"file":"sprite-2d.js","sources":["../../../src/sprite/sprite-2d.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * `Sprite2DLayer` — pixel-coordinate sprite layer. Pure-data interface +\n * standalone Index API for add / update / remove / setFrame. The layer is\n * owned by a `SpriteRenderer` (pure-2D / HUD `depth: \"none\"` path) or by a\n * scene renderable added through `addDepthHostedSpriteLayer`\n * (`depth: \"test\" | \"test-write\"`).\n *\n * The Index API stays the storage foundation. The optional Handle API lives in\n * `sprite-2d-handle.ts` and lazily installs hooks only when handles are used.\n */\nimport { F32 } from \"../engine/typed-arrays.js\";\nimport type { SpriteAtlas } from \"./shared/sprite-atlas.js\";\nimport { resolveSpriteFrame } from \"./shared/sprite-atlas.js\";\nimport type { Sprite2DCustomShader } from \"./sprite-custom-shader.js\";\nimport { _getSpriteFxHook } from \"./sprite-fx-hook.js\";\nimport type { SpriteBlendDescriptor } from \"./sprite-blend.js\";\nimport { spriteBlendAlpha } from \"./sprite-blend.js\";\n\n/**\n * Output blend mode for a sprite layer — a pure-data descriptor value. Import one of\n * `spriteBlendAlpha` (default), `spriteBlendPremultiplied`, or `spriteBlendAdditive` and pass\n * it as `Sprite2DLayerOptions.blendMode`. (Type alias of {@link SpriteBlendDescriptor}.)\n */\nexport type SpriteBlendMode = SpriteBlendDescriptor;\n\n/** Depth participation. `\"none\"` uses `SpriteRenderer`; depth-enabled modes use `addToScene`. */\nexport type Sprite2DDepthMode = \"none\" | \"test\" | \"test-write\";\n\n/** Per-layer 2D camera (pan / zoom / rotation). Identity = pixel-perfect HUD. */\nexport interface Sprite2DView {\n    positionPx: [number, number];\n    zoom: number;\n    rotation: number;\n}\n\n/** Options accepted by `createSprite2DLayer`. */\nexport interface Sprite2DLayerOptions {\n    capacity?: number;\n    blendMode?: SpriteBlendMode;\n    opacity?: number;\n    visible?: boolean;\n    order?: number;\n    view?: Partial<Sprite2DView>;\n    depth?: Sprite2DDepthMode;\n    /**\n     * Layer-wide rotation / scaling pivot in normalised sprite-local space\n     * (`[0,0]` = top-left, `[0.5, 0.5]` = center, `[1,1]` = bottom-right).\n     * The pivot point of every sprite in the layer lands at its `positionPx`\n     * and is the center of `rotation`. Defaults to `[0.5, 0.5]` (center) to\n     * match Babylon.js sprite behavior. Per-sprite / per-frame pivot is a\n     * future PR — most 2D HUD layers want one uniform pivot anyway.\n     */\n    pivot?: [number, number];\n    /**\n     * Opt-in per-layer custom fragment shader (see `createSprite2DCustomShader`). Works on both\n     * pure-2D (`depth: \"none\"`) layers drawn by a `SpriteRenderer` and depth-hosted\n     * (`depth: \"test\" | \"test-write\"`) layers. Drives procedural effects (animated sky, clouds,\n     * water / heat shimmer, twinkle, vignette) from a built-in `fx.time` clock plus an optional\n     * `fx.params` vec4 set via `setSprite2DShaderParams`.\n     */\n    customShader?: Sprite2DCustomShader;\n    /**\n     * Default NDC depth (`0` = near, `1` = far) for sprites added to this layer when their\n     * `Sprite2DProps.z` is omitted. Only meaningful for `depth: \"test\" | \"test-write\"` layers\n     * (depth-hosted sprites added to a `SceneContext` via `addDepthHostedSpriteLayer`).\n     *\n     * Depth-hosted layers store one Z per sprite (slot [13] of their 14-float instance buffer),\n     * so a single layer can mix sprites at different depths — e.g. one in front of a box, one\n     * behind it. Pure-2D layers (`depth: \"none\"`) use the 13-float HUD layout and carry no Z slot.\n     * Defaults to `0.5`. Mutating `layer.layerZ` after sprites have been added does **not**\n     * retroactively change them; it only affects sprites added afterwards. To move an existing\n     * depth-hosted sprite, call `updateSprite2DIndex(layer, idx, { z: … })`.\n     */\n    layerZ?: number;\n}\n\n/** A `Sprite2DLayer` — pure data, no methods. */\nexport interface Sprite2DLayer {\n    /** @internal */\n    readonly _entityType: \"sprite-2d-layer\";\n    readonly atlas: SpriteAtlas;\n    readonly depth: Sprite2DDepthMode;\n    readonly blendMode: SpriteBlendMode;\n    opacity: number;\n    visible: boolean;\n    order: number;\n    view: Sprite2DView;\n    /** Layer-wide pivot in normalised sprite-local space; see `Sprite2DLayerOptions.pivot`. */\n    pivot: [number, number];\n    /**\n     * Opt-in custom fragment shader for this layer; see `Sprite2DLayerOptions.customShader`.\n     * **Absent** (not `null`) on plain layers — never default-initialized, so the always-loaded\n     * path carries zero custom-shader bytes (see `sprite-fx-hook.ts`). Present only when the\n     * layer was created with a `customShader`.\n     */\n    readonly customShader?: Sprite2DCustomShader;\n    /**\n     * User `fx.params` vec4 fed to a custom shader each frame; mutate via `setSprite2DShaderParams`.\n     * **Absent** on plain layers (only allocated for custom-shader layers, or lazily by the setter).\n     */\n    shaderParams?: [number, number, number, number];\n    /**\n     * @internal Opt-in per-sprite UV-scroll vertex attribute (`uvOffset.xy` at `@location(7)`);\n     * enabled via {@link setSprite2DUvOffset}. **Absent** (`undefined`) on plain layers — never\n     * default-initialized, so the always-loaded path and every non-scroll sprite scene keep the\n     * narrow layout and base shader. The first `setSprite2DUvOffset` call widens the instance stride\n     * by two floats and stashes the precomputed attribute here, so the always-loaded pipeline just\n     * *consumes* it as data (`instanceAttributes.push(layer._uvScrollAttr)`) — the attribute-building\n     * code lives entirely in the opt-in `sprite-2d-uvscroll.ts`. Presence also serves as the\n     * \"is wide\" flag (drives the shader permutation key + the prologue `+ in.iUvOffset`).\n     */\n    _uvScrollAttr?: GPUVertexAttribute;\n    /**\n     * @internal Opt-in coverage-gamma value (glyph \"stem darkening\"); set only via\n     * {@link setSprite2DCoverageGamma}. **Absent** (`undefined`, treated as `1` = no-op) on plain\n     * layers — never default-initialized, so the always-loaded path keeps the base shader and\n     * non-gamma scenes ship zero gamma bytes. A value `!= null && !== 1` activates the gamma shader\n     * permutation (the per-fragment `pow`) and is read each frame into the layer UBO; it stays\n     * live-mutable through the setter. Internal so callers can't write a value that the always-loaded\n     * path would silently ignore — enabling is exclusively the setter's job.\n     */\n    _coverageGamma?: number;\n    /** Default NDC depth for newly added sprites; see `Sprite2DLayerOptions.layerZ`. */\n    layerZ: number;\n    readonly count: number;\n\n    /** @internal Capacity of the per-instance buffer (in sprites). */\n    _capacity: number;\n    /** @internal Per-instance stride in floats; 13 for pure-2D, 14 for depth-hosted. */\n    readonly _instanceFloatsPerSprite: number;\n    /** @internal Per-instance stride in bytes; 52 for pure-2D, 56 for depth-hosted. */\n    readonly _instanceStrideBytes: number;\n    /** @internal Per-instance CPU staging buffer; layout = `_instanceFloatsPerSprite` per sprite. */\n    _instanceData: Float32Array;\n    /**\n     * @internal CPU-only side buffer holding the **true** (un-hidden) size of every sprite,\n     * laid out as `[w0, h0, w1, h1, …]` (`SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE` = 2 floats per sprite).\n     *\n     * **Invariant:** this buffer always holds the sprite's real size, regardless of visibility.\n     * It exists because `visible: false` is implemented by zeroing the GPU-side size slots\n     * (degenerate quad → free rasterizer cull) — a free hide on the GPU at the cost of 8 B per\n     * sprite on the CPU. Without this shadow, a `visible: true` patch that omits `sizePx`\n     * would have no way to recover the original size. Grown in lockstep with `_instanceData`.\n     */\n    _savedSize: Float32Array;\n    /** @internal Bumped on any structural / per-instance edit; renderer compares. */\n    _version: number;\n    /** @internal Min dirty index inclusive (for partial uploads). */\n    _dirtyMin: number;\n    /** @internal Max dirty index exclusive. */\n    _dirtyMax: number;\n    /** @internal Optional hooks installed by the opt-in handle module. */\n    _handleHooks?: Sprite2DIndexHandleHooks;\n}\n\n/** @internal Lazy hooks used by the opt-in Handle API to track swap-removes. */\nexport interface Sprite2DIndexHandleHooks {\n    readonly removeIndex: (index: number, last: number) => void;\n    readonly clear: () => void;\n}\n\n/** Per-sprite init record passed to `addSprite2DIndex` / `updateSprite2DIndex`. */\nexport interface Sprite2DProps {\n    positionPx: [number, number];\n    sizePx?: [number, number];\n    frame?: number;\n    rotation?: number;\n    color?: [number, number, number, number];\n    flipX?: boolean;\n    flipY?: boolean;\n    visible?: boolean;\n    /** Reserved for clip animation. Accepted but unused today. */\n    clip?: unknown;\n    /**\n     * Per-sprite NDC depth (`0` = near, `1` = far). Only stored and consumed by depth-hosted\n     * layers (`depth: \"test\" | \"test-write\"`); pure-2D HUD layers use a 13-float layout and\n     * do not allocate a Z slot. When omitted on add for a depth-hosted layer, defaults to the\n     * **owning layer's** `layerZ` at the moment of insertion. When omitted on update, the\n     * sprite's existing Z is preserved. Mutate freely — the next binding update will re-upload\n     * only the dirty range.\n     */\n    z?: number;\n}\n\n/**\n * Pure-2D per-instance vertex layout (13 floats = 52 bytes, `depth: \"none\"`):\n * ```\n *   [0..1]  positionPx.xy   (float32x2 @ offset  0)\n *   [2..3]  sizePx.xy       (float32x2 @ offset  8)\n *   [4..5]  uvMin.xy        (float32x2 @ offset 16)\n *   [6..7]  uvMax.xy        (float32x2 @ offset 24)\n *   [8]     rotation        (float32   @ offset 32)\n *   [9..12] colorRGBA       (float32x4 @ offset 36)\n * ```\n *\n * Depth-hosted layers (`depth: \"test\" | \"test-write\"`) extend this to 14 floats = 56 bytes:\n * ```\n *   [13]    z (NDC depth)   (float32   @ offset 52, consumed only by depth-hosted pipelines)\n * ```\n *\n * The opt-in per-sprite UV-scroll feature (`setSprite2DUvOffset`, see `sprite-2d-uvscroll.ts`)\n * appends two more floats (`uvOffset.xy`) *after* the base layout, orthogonally to depth:\n * ```\n *   pure-2D + uvScroll  (15 floats = 60 bytes):  [13..14] uvOffset.xy (float32x2 @ offset 52)\n *   depth   + uvScroll  (16 floats = 64 bytes):  [14..15] uvOffset.xy (float32x2 @ offset 56)\n * ```\n * The depth Z stays at slot [13]; uvOffset is appended after it. Non-scroll layers carry no\n * uvOffset slot and ship none of the widening (the wide layout lives entirely in the opt-in module).\n *\n * Visibility (`visible: false`) is implemented by zeroing slots [2..3]; the sprite's true\n * size lives in `layer._savedSize` so a later `visible: true` (without re-supplying\n * `sizePx`) can restore it. See `_savedSize` for the invariant.\n */\nexport const PURE_2D_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE = 13;\nexport const DEPTH_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE = 14;\n/** @internal Pure-2D per-sprite stride in bytes. */\nexport const PURE_2D_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES = PURE_2D_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE * 4;\n/** @internal Depth-hosted per-sprite stride in bytes. */\nexport const DEPTH_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES = DEPTH_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE * 4;\n/** @internal Per-sprite stride (in floats) of the `_savedSize` shadow buffer: `[w, h]`. */\nexport const SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE = 2;\n\nconst DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 16;\n\n/** Create a new (empty) `Sprite2DLayer` backed by `atlas`. */\nexport function createSprite2DLayer(atlas: SpriteAtlas, opts: Sprite2DLayerOptions = {}): Sprite2DLayer {\n    const depth = opts.depth ?? \"none\";\n    const blendMode = opts.blendMode ?? spriteBlendAlpha;\n\n    const capacity = Math.max(1, opts.capacity ?? DEFAULT_CAPACITY);\n    const view: Sprite2DView = {\n        positionPx: [opts.view?.positionPx?.[0] ?? 0, opts.view?.positionPx?.[1] ?? 0],\n        zoom: opts.view?.zoom ?? 1,\n        rotation: opts.view?.rotation ?? 0,\n    };\n\n    const instanceFloatsPerSprite = depth === \"none\" ? PURE_2D_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE : DEPTH_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE;\n    const instanceStrideBytes = instanceFloatsPerSprite * 4;\n    const instanceData = new F32(capacity * instanceFloatsPerSprite);\n    const layer: Sprite2DLayer = {\n        _entityType: \"sprite-2d-layer\",\n        atlas,\n        depth,\n        blendMode,\n        opacity: opts.opacity ?? 1,\n        visible: opts.visible ?? true,\n        order: opts.order ?? 0,\n        view,\n        pivot: [opts.pivot?.[0] ?? 0.5, opts.pivot?.[1] ?? 0.5],\n        layerZ: opts.layerZ ?? 0.5,\n        count: 0,\n        _capacity: capacity,\n        _instanceFloatsPerSprite: instanceFloatsPerSprite,\n        _instanceStrideBytes: instanceStrideBytes,\n        _instanceData: instanceData,\n        _savedSize: new F32(capacity * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE),\n        _version: 0,\n        _dirtyMin: 0,\n        _dirtyMax: 0,\n    };\n    // Zero-default-init discipline: the base layer never names `customShader` / `shaderParams`.\n    // When (and only when) a custom shader was supplied, the registered hook copies it on — the\n    // impl lives in the tree-shaken `sprite-custom-shader` module, so plain scenes ship none of it.\n    _getSpriteFxHook()?.initLayer(layer, opts);\n    return layer;\n}\n\n/**\n * Set the user `fx.params` vec4 fed to this layer's custom shader (`createSprite2DCustomShader`)\n * each frame. No visual effect unless the layer was created with a `customShader`. Read in WGSL\n * as `fx.params`. Mutates in place; the renderer re-uploads the small FX UBO next frame.\n */\nexport function setSprite2DShaderParams(layer: Sprite2DLayer, params: readonly [number, number, number, number]): void {\n    // Lazy-allocate: the base layer never names `shaderParams` (the custom-shader hook sets it only\n    // when `opts.customShader` is present), so a plain layer keeps the field off the always-loaded path.\n    const target = (layer.shaderParams ??= [0, 0, 0, 0]);\n    target[0] = params[0];\n    target[1] = params[1];\n    target[2] = params[2];\n    target[3] = params[3];\n}\n\nfunction growCapacity(layer: Sprite2DLayer, minCapacity: number): void {\n    let cap = layer._capacity;\n    while (cap < minCapacity) {\n        cap *= 2;\n    }\n    const next = new F32(cap * layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite);\n    next.set(layer._instanceData);\n    layer._instanceData = next;\n    const nextSaved = new F32(cap * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE);\n    nextSaved.set(layer._savedSize);\n    layer._savedSize = nextSaved;\n    layer._capacity = cap;\n}\n\nfunction setSprite2DCount(layer: Sprite2DLayer, count: number): void {\n    (layer as { count: number }).count = count;\n}\n\n/**\n * Write one sprite's instance data into `layer._instanceData[base..base+layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite]`.\n *\n * Two call sites with different shapes:\n *   - **add**: `prev === null`. `props` is a full `Sprite2DProps` (positionPx required).\n *               Unspecified fields take their documented defaults (size=frame.sourceSizePx or 0,\n *               UVs=[0,0,1,1], rotation=0, color=opaque white, visible=true).\n *   - **update**: `prev` is the existing per-layer instance slice. Unspecified fields are preserved.\n *\n * Resolution rules (per field): `props` value if given, else (on add) the default, else `prev`.\n * `frame` is a higher-level intent: when supplied it stomps the four UV slots from the atlas\n * (then `flipX`/`flipY` swap them). It does **not** by itself imply a size change — `sizePx`\n * remains independent — but on add, a missing `sizePx` falls back to `frame.sourceSizePx`.\n *\n * **Visibility model (the part that needs explaining):**\n *   - `_savedSize[slot]` always stores the sprite's *true* size (unaffected by visibility).\n *   - `data[base+2..+3]` (the GPU-visible size) is `_savedSize` when visible, else `(0, 0)`.\n *   - We detect previous visibility by checking `prev[2]==0 && prev[3]==0` (only hidden sprites\n *     have zeroed GPU size). The CPU shadow gives us back the true size for free.\n */\nfunction writeInstance(layer: Sprite2DLayer, slotIndex: number, props: Partial<Sprite2DProps>, prev: Float32Array | null): void {\n    const data = layer._instanceData;\n    const base = slotIndex * layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite;\n    const savedBase = slotIndex * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE; // [w, h] per sprite\n    const isAdd = prev === null;\n\n    // Optional frame lookup (used for UV stomp + size default on add).\n    const frame = props.frame !== undefined ? layer.atlas.frames[resolveSpriteFrame(layer.atlas, props.frame)]! : null;\n\n    // ── Position (required on add; preserved on update if omitted) ──────────────────────\n    const posX = props.positionPx ? props.positionPx[0] : prev![0]!;\n    const posY = props.positionPx ? props.positionPx[1] : prev![1]!;\n\n    // ── True size (props.sizePx → frame default → previous true size) ───────────────────\n    // The shadow buffer makes \"previous true size\" cheap and unambiguous regardless of visibility.\n    let trueW: number;\n    let trueH: number;\n    if (props.sizePx) {\n        trueW = props.sizePx[0];\n        trueH = props.sizePx[1];\n    } else if (frame) {\n        trueW = frame.sourceSizePx[0];\n        trueH = frame.sourceSizePx[1];\n    } else if (isAdd) {\n        trueW = 0;\n        trueH = 0;\n    } else {\n        trueW = layer._savedSize[savedBase]!;\n        trueH = layer._savedSize[savedBase + 1]!;\n    }\n    layer._savedSize[savedBase] = trueW;\n    layer._savedSize[savedBase + 1] = trueH;\n\n    // ── Visibility (props.visible → preserved → default true on add) ────────────────────\n    let visible: boolean;\n    if (props.visible !== undefined) {\n        visible = props.visible;\n    } else if (isAdd) {\n        visible = true;\n    } else {\n        // Previous sprite was hidden iff its GPU size was zeroed.\n        visible = prev![2]! !== 0 || prev![3]! !== 0;\n    }\n\n    // ── UVs (frame stomps; else preserved; else default [0,0,1,1] on add) ───────────────\n    // flipX/flipY apply on top, by swapping the U/V endpoints.\n    let uMin: number;\n    let vMin: number;\n    let uMax: number;\n    let vMax: number;\n    if (frame) {\n        uMin = frame.uvMin[0];\n        vMin = frame.uvMin[1];\n        uMax = frame.uvMax[0];\n        vMax = frame.uvMax[1];\n    } else if (isAdd) {\n        uMin = 0;\n        vMin = 0;\n        uMax = 1;\n        vMax = 1;\n    } else {\n        uMin = prev![4]!;\n        vMin = prev![5]!;\n        uMax = prev![6]!;\n        vMax = prev![7]!;\n    }\n    if (props.flipX === true) {\n        const t = uMin;\n        uMin = uMax;\n        uMax = t;\n    }\n    if (props.flipY === true) {\n        const t = vMin;\n        vMin = vMax;\n        vMax = t;\n    }\n\n    // ── Rotation ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n    const rotation = props.rotation ?? (prev ? prev[8]! : 0);\n\n    // ── Per-instance Z (depth-hosted only) ──────────────────────────────────────────────\n    // Pure-2D layers intentionally have no slot [13]; `z` is accepted by the public API but\n    // not allocated, uploaded, declared, or fetched by HUD pipelines.\n    const hasDepthSlot = layer.depth !== \"none\";\n    const z = hasDepthSlot ? (props.z ?? (prev ? prev[13]! : layer.layerZ)) : 0;\n\n    // ── Write the float slots ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n    data[base + 0] = posX;\n    data[base + 1] = posY;\n    data[base + 2] = visible ? trueW : 0;\n    data[base + 3] = visible ? trueH : 0;\n    data[base + 4] = uMin;\n    data[base + 5] = vMin;\n    data[base + 6] = uMax;\n    data[base + 7] = vMax;\n    data[base + 8] = rotation;\n\n    // ── Color (float32x4 to match Babylon.js SpriteRenderer's color precision) ─────────\n    if (props.color) {\n        data[base + 9] = props.color[0];\n        data[base + 10] = props.color[1];\n        data[base + 11] = props.color[2];\n        data[base + 12] = props.color[3];\n    } else if (isAdd) {\n        data[base + 9] = 1;\n        data[base + 10] = 1;\n        data[base + 11] = 1;\n        data[base + 12] = 1;\n    }\n    // else: previous color floats are already in place — nothing to write.\n\n    // ── Per-instance Z (slot [13], depth-hosted layout only) ───────────────────────────\n    if (hasDepthSlot) {\n        data[base + 13] = z;\n    }\n    // Per-sprite uvOffset (wide layout) is written only via the opt-in `setSprite2DUvOffset`\n    // (see `sprite-2d-uvscroll.ts`); `writeInstance` touches only base slots, so a wide layer's\n    // uvOffset floats are preserved across add / update.\n}\n\nfunction markDirty(layer: Sprite2DLayer, lo: number, hi: number): void {\n    if (layer._dirtyMin >= layer._dirtyMax) {\n        layer._dirtyMin = lo;\n        layer._dirtyMax = hi;\n    } else {\n        if (lo < layer._dirtyMin) {\n            layer._dirtyMin = lo;\n        }\n        if (hi > layer._dirtyMax) {\n            layer._dirtyMax = hi;\n        }\n    }\n    layer._version = (layer._version + 1) | 0;\n}\n\n/** @internal Mark a dirty sprite range + bump version. Exposed for the opt-in uvScroll module. */\nexport function _markSprite2DDirty(layer: Sprite2DLayer, lo: number, hi: number): void {\n    markDirty(layer, lo, hi);\n}\n\n/** Add one sprite. Returns its index. Grows capacity as needed. */\nexport function addSprite2DIndex(layer: Sprite2DLayer, props: Sprite2DProps): number {\n    if (props.positionPx === undefined) {\n        throw new Error(\"addSprite2DIndex: positionPx required.\");\n    }\n    const idx = layer.count;\n    if (idx >= layer._capacity) {\n        growCapacity(layer, idx + 1);\n    }\n    writeInstance(layer, idx, props, null);\n    setSprite2DCount(layer, layer.count + 1);\n    markDirty(layer, idx, idx + 1);\n    return idx;\n}\n\n/** Patch one sprite. Unspecified fields are preserved. */\nexport function updateSprite2DIndex(layer: Sprite2DLayer, index: number, patch: Partial<Sprite2DProps>): void {\n    if (index < 0 || index >= layer.count) {\n        throw new Error(`updateSprite2DIndex: index ${index} out of range [0, ${layer.count})`);\n    }\n    const base = index * layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite;\n    const prev = layer._instanceData.subarray(base, base + layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite);\n    writeInstance(layer, index, patch, prev);\n    markDirty(layer, index, index + 1);\n}\n\n/** Swap-remove a sprite. The last sprite (if any) takes its slot. */\nexport function removeSprite2DIndex(layer: Sprite2DLayer, index: number): void {\n    if (index < 0 || index >= layer.count) {\n        throw new Error(`removeSprite2DIndex: index ${index} out of range [0, ${layer.count})`);\n    }\n    const last = layer.count - 1;\n    layer._handleHooks?.removeIndex(index, last);\n    if (index !== last) {\n        layer._instanceData.copyWithin(index * layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite, last * layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite, (last + 1) * layer._instanceFloatsPerSprite);\n        // Carry the swapped sprite's saved-size shadow with it (`[w, h]` per sprite).\n        layer._savedSize.copyWithin(index * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE, last * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE, (last + 1) * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE);\n    }\n    // Clear the now-unused tail saved-size slot so a future re-add starts clean.\n    layer._savedSize[last * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE] = 0;\n    layer._savedSize[last * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE + 1] = 0;\n    setSprite2DCount(layer, last);\n    markDirty(layer, index, index + 1);\n}\n\n/** Clear all sprites from a layer while preserving allocated capacity. */\nexport function clearSprite2DLayer(layer: Sprite2DLayer): void {\n    const count = layer.count;\n    layer._dirtyMin = 0;\n    layer._dirtyMax = 0;\n    layer._handleHooks?.clear();\n    if (count === 0) {\n        return;\n    }\n    layer._savedSize.fill(0, 0, count * SAVED_SIZE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE);\n    setSprite2DCount(layer, 0);\n    layer._version = (layer._version + 1) | 0;\n}\n\n/**\n * Update only the frame UVs for one sprite.\n *\n * The sprite keeps its explicit `sizePx`/saved size. 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package/lib/sprite/sprite-pipeline.js

@@ -81,6 +81,23 @@ function createSpritePipelineCache() {
 function resetSpritePipelineCache(cache) {
   cache._devices = /* @__PURE__ */ new WeakMap();
 }
+let _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache = null;
+let _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCacheRefs = 0;
+function acquireSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache() {
+  _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache ??= createSpritePipelineCache();
+  _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCacheRefs++;
+  return _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache;
+}
+function releaseSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache() {
+  if (_sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCacheRefs === 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+  _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCacheRefs--;
+  if (_sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCacheRefs === 0 && _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache) {
+    resetSpritePipelineCache(_sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache);
+    _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache = null;
+  }
+}
 function getSpritePipelineCacheSize(cache, device) {
   return cache._devices.get(device)?._pipelines.size ?? 0;
 }
@@ -312,5 +329,5 @@ function writeSpriteLayerUboIfDirty(device, uniformBuffer, scratchUbo, lastUbo,
   return true;
 }
 
-export { LAYER_UBO_BYTES, LAYER_UBO_FLOATS, SHARED_SPRITE_INDEX_DATA, buildSpriteLayerUbo, createSpriteInstanceBuffer, createSpriteLayerBindGroup, createSpritePipelineCache, ensureSpriteInstanceBuffer, getOrCreateSpritePipeline, getSpritePipelineCacheSize, makeSpritePrologueWgsl, resetSpritePipelineCache, uploadSpriteInstances, writeSpriteLayerUboIfDirty };
+export { LAYER_UBO_BYTES, LAYER_UBO_FLOATS, SHARED_SPRITE_INDEX_DATA, acquireSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache, buildSpriteLayerUbo, createSpriteInstanceBuffer, createSpriteLayerBindGroup, createSpritePipelineCache, ensureSpriteInstanceBuffer, getOrCreateSpritePipeline, getSpritePipelineCacheSize, makeSpritePrologueWgsl, releaseSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache, resetSpritePipelineCache, uploadSpriteInstances, writeSpriteLayerUboIfDirty };
 //# sourceMappingURL=sprite-pipeline.js.map

package/lib/sprite/sprite-pipeline.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"sprite-pipeline.js","sources":["../../../src/sprite/sprite-pipeline.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/** Internal sprite pipeline helpers: owns WGSL, bind-group schema, pipeline construction, and bind-group creation. */\nimport { U16 } from \"../engine/typed-arrays.js\";\nimport { BU, SS, CW } from \"../engine/gpu-flags.js\";\nimport type { EngineContext } from \"../engine/engine.js\";\nimport type { Sprite2DLayer, SpriteBlendMode } from \"./sprite-2d.js\";\nimport type { SpriteLayerFx } from \"./custom-shader-core.js\";\nimport { _getSpriteFxHook } from \"./sprite-fx-hook.js\";\nimport { _getSpriteCoverageGammaHook } from \"./sprite-coverage-gamma-hook.js\";\nimport { DEPTH_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES, PURE_2D_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES } from \"./sprite-2d.js\";\n\n/** @internal */\nexport interface SpritePipelineDeviceCache {\n    /** @internal Shader modules keyed by `${hasDepth}:${uvScroll}` permutation. */\n    _shaderModules: Map<string, GPUShaderModule>;\n    /** @internal */\n    _pipelines: Map<string, GPURenderPipeline>;\n}\n\n/** @internal */\nexport interface SpritePipelineCache {\n    /** @internal */\n    _devices: WeakMap<GPUDevice, SpritePipelineDeviceCache>;\n}\n\nconst SPRITE_POSITION_OFFSET_BYTES = 0;\nconst SPRITE_SIZE_OFFSET_BYTES = 8;\nconst SPRITE_UV_MIN_OFFSET_BYTES = 16;\nconst SPRITE_UV_MAX_OFFSET_BYTES = 24;\nconst SPRITE_ROTATION_OFFSET_BYTES = 32;\nconst SPRITE_COLOR_OFFSET_BYTES = 36;\nconst SPRITE_DEPTH_OFFSET_BYTES = 52;\n\nfunction makeSpriteWgsl(hasDepth: boolean, spriteGroupIndex: 0 | 1, uvScroll: boolean): string {\n    return `${makeSpritePrologueWgsl(hasDepth, spriteGroupIndex, uvScroll)}\n@fragment\nfn fs(in: O) -> @location(0) vec4f {\nlet s = textureSample(atlasTex, atlasSamp, in.uv);\nreturn s * in.tint * L.opacityMul;\n}`;\n}\n\n/**\n * Shared WGSL prologue for the sprite shader: the `Layer` UBO, atlas texture + sampler\n * bindings, instance-attribute `VIn` / interpolant `VOut` structs, and the `vs` vertex stage.\n * The default sprite shader appends a trivial textured fragment; the opt-in custom-shader\n * module (`createSprite2DCustomShader`) appends any extra-texture bindings, a `SpriteFx` UBO at\n * `@binding(3 + 2 * extraTextures.length)`, and the user's raw fragment body. Exposed so both\n * paths share one source of truth.\n */\nexport function makeSpritePrologueWgsl(hasDepth: boolean, spriteGroupIndex: 0 | 1, uvScroll = false): string {\n    const group = `@group(${spriteGroupIndex})`;\n    const zAttribute = hasDepth ? `,\\n@location(6) z: f32` : \"\";\n    const uvOffsetAttribute = uvScroll ? `,\\n@location(7) o: vec2f` : \"\";\n    const zPosition = hasDepth ? \"1 - in.z\" : \"0\";\n    return `struct Lr {\nviewPos: vec2f,\nviewScale: f32,\nviewRot: f32,\nscreenSize: vec2f,\npivot: vec2f,\nopacityMul: vec4f,\naa: vec4f,\n};\n${group} @binding(0) var<uniform> L: Lr;\n${group} @binding(1) var atlasTex: texture_2d<f32>;\n${group} @binding(2) var atlasSamp: sampler;\nstruct I {\n@builtin(vertex_index) vid: u32,\n@location(0) p: vec2f,\n@location(1) s: vec2f,\n@location(2) a: vec2f,\n@location(3) b: vec2f,\n@location(4) r: f32,\n@location(5) c: vec4f${zAttribute}${uvOffsetAttribute}\n};\nstruct O {\n@builtin(position) p: vec4f,\n@location(0) uv: vec2f,\n@location(1) tint: vec4f,\n};\n@vertex\nfn vs(in: I) -> O {\nvar q = array<vec2f, 4>(vec2f(0, 0), vec2f(1, 0), vec2f(1, 1), vec2f(0, 1));\nlet c = q[in.vid];\nlet l = (c - L.pivot) * in.s;\nlet cr = cos(in.r);\nlet sr = sin(in.r);\nlet r = vec2f(l.x * cr - l.y * sr, l.x * sr + l.y * cr);\nlet p = in.p + r - L.viewPos;\nlet lc = cos(L.viewRot);\nlet ls = sin(L.viewRot);\nlet v = vec2f(p.x * lc - p.y * ls, p.x * ls + p.y * lc) * L.viewScale;\nlet n = vec2f(v.x / L.screenSize.x * 2 - 1, 1 - v.y / L.screenSize.y * 2);\nlet uv = mix(in.a, in.b, c)${uvScroll ? \" + in.o\" : \"\"};\nvar out: O;\nout.p = vec4f(n, ${zPosition}, 1);\nout.uv = uv;\nout.tint = in.c;\nreturn out;\n}`;\n}\n\nexport function createSpritePipelineCache(): SpritePipelineCache {\n    return {\n        _devices: new WeakMap(),\n    };\n}\n\nexport function resetSpritePipelineCache(cache: SpritePipelineCache): void {\n    cache._devices = new WeakMap();\n}\n\nexport function getSpritePipelineCacheSize(cache: SpritePipelineCache, device: GPUDevice): number {\n    return cache._devices.get(device)?._pipelines.size ?? 0;\n}\n\nexport function getOrCreateSpritePipeline(\n    engine: EngineContext,\n    cache: SpritePipelineCache,\n    format: GPUTextureFormat,\n    sampleCount: 1 | 4,\n    blendMode: SpriteBlendMode,\n    hasDepth: boolean,\n    depthWrite = false,\n    depthStencilFormat?: GPUTextureFormat,\n    sceneBindGroupLayout?: GPUBindGroupLayout,\n    layer?: Sprite2DLayer\n): GPURenderPipeline {\n    const deviceCache = getSpritePipelineDeviceCache(engine, cache);\n    const resolvedDepthStencilFormat = normalizeDepthStencilFormat(hasDepth, depthStencilFormat);\n    const key = spritePipelineKey(format, sampleCount, blendMode, hasDepth, depthWrite, resolvedDepthStencilFormat, layer);\n    const cached = deviceCache._pipelines.get(key);\n    if (cached) {\n        return cached;\n    }\n\n    const pipeline = buildSpritePipeline(engine, deviceCache, format, sampleCount, blendMode, hasDepth, depthWrite, resolvedDepthStencilFormat, sceneBindGroupLayout, layer);\n    deviceCache._pipelines.set(key, pipeline);\n    return pipeline;\n}\n\nexport function createSpriteLayerBindGroup(\n    engine: EngineContext,\n    pipeline: GPURenderPipeline,\n    spriteBindGroupIndex: 0 | 1,\n    layer: Sprite2DLayer,\n    uniformBuffer: GPUBuffer,\n    fx?: SpriteLayerFx | null\n): GPUBindGroup {\n    const tex = layer.atlas.texture;\n    const entries: GPUBindGroupEntry[] = [\n        { binding: 0, resource: { buffer: uniformBuffer } },\n        { binding: 1, resource: tex.view },\n        { binding: 2, resource: tex.sampler },\n    ];\n    if (fx) {\n        for (const entry of _getSpriteFxHook()!.bindEntries(fx, 3)) {\n            entries.push(entry);\n        }\n    }\n    return engine._device.createBindGroup({\n        layout: pipeline.getBindGroupLayout(spriteBindGroupIndex),\n        entries,\n    });\n}\n\nfunction getSpritePipelineDeviceCache(engine: EngineContext, cache: SpritePipelineCache): SpritePipelineDeviceCache {\n    let deviceCache = cache._devices.get(engine._device);\n    if (!deviceCache) {\n        deviceCache = {\n            _shaderModules: new Map(),\n            _pipelines: new Map(),\n        };\n        cache._devices.set(engine._device, deviceCache);\n    }\n    return deviceCache;\n}\n\nfunction normalizeDepthStencilFormat(hasDepth: boolean, depthStencilFormat?: GPUTextureFormat): GPUTextureFormat | null {\n    if (!hasDepth) {\n        return null;\n    }\n    if (!depthStencilFormat) {\n        throw new Error(\"Sprite pipeline: depth-enabled pipelines require a depth-stencil format.\");\n    }\n    return depthStencilFormat;\n}\n\nfunction spritePipelineKey(\n    format: GPUTextureFormat,\n    sampleCount: number,\n    blendMode: SpriteBlendMode,\n    hasDepth: boolean,\n    depthWrite: boolean,\n    depthStencilFormat: GPUTextureFormat | null,\n    layer?: Sprite2DLayer\n): string {\n    const customKey = layer ? (_getSpriteFxHook()?.pipelineKeyPart(layer) ?? \"\") : \"\";\n    const uvKey = layer?._uvScrollAttr ? \"1\" : \"0\";\n    const cgKey = layer ? (_getSpriteCoverageGammaHook()?.pipelineKeyPart(layer) ?? \"0\") : \"0\";\n    return `${format}:${sampleCount}:${blendMode._key}:${hasDepth ? 1 : 0}:${depthWrite ? 1 : 0}:${depthStencilFormat ?? \"-\"}:cs${customKey}:uv${uvKey}:cg${cgKey}`;\n}\n\nfunction getShaderModule(engine: EngineContext, cache: SpritePipelineDeviceCache, hasDepth: boolean, layer?: Sprite2DLayer): GPUShaderModule {\n    const customModule = layer ? _getSpriteFxHook()?.shaderModule(engine, hasDepth, layer) : null;\n    if (customModule) {\n        return customModule;\n    }\n    const gammaModule = layer ? _getSpriteCoverageGammaHook()?.shaderModule(engine, hasDepth, layer) : null;\n    if (gammaModule) {\n        return gammaModule;\n    }\n    const uvScroll = layer?._uvScrollAttr != null;\n    const key = `${hasDepth ? 1 : 0}:${uvScroll ? 1 : 0}`;\n    let module = cache._shaderModules.get(key);\n    if (!module) {\n        module = engine._device.createShaderModule({\n            code: makeSpriteWgsl(hasDepth, hasDepth ? 1 : 0, uvScroll),\n        });\n        cache._shaderModules.set(key, module);\n    }\n    return module;\n}\n\nfunction buildSpritePipeline(\n    engine: EngineContext,\n    cache: SpritePipelineDeviceCache,\n    format: GPUTextureFormat,\n    sampleCount: 1 | 4,\n    blendMode: SpriteBlendMode,\n    hasDepth: boolean,\n    depthWrite: boolean,\n    depthStencilFormat: GPUTextureFormat | null,\n    sceneBindGroupLayout?: GPUBindGroupLayout,\n    layer?: Sprite2DLayer\n): GPURenderPipeline {\n    const device = engine._device;\n    const layoutEntries: GPUBindGroupLayoutEntry[] = [\n        { binding: 0, visibility: SS.VERTEX | SS.FRAGMENT, buffer: { type: \"uniform\" } },\n        { binding: 1, visibility: SS.FRAGMENT, texture: { sampleType: \"float\" } },\n        { binding: 2, visibility: SS.FRAGMENT, sampler: { type: \"filtering\" } },\n    ];\n    const extraLayoutEntries = layer ? _getSpriteFxHook()?.layoutEntries(layer, 3) : null;\n    if (extraLayoutEntries) {\n        for (const entry of extraLayoutEntries) {\n            layoutEntries.push(entry);\n        }\n    }\n    const bindGroupLayout = device.createBindGroupLayout({ entries: layoutEntries });\n    const module = getShaderModule(engine, cache, hasDepth, layer);\n    if (hasDepth && !sceneBindGroupLayout) {\n        throw new Error(\"Sprite pipeline: depth-enabled pipelines require a scene bind-group layout.\");\n    }\n    const bindGroupLayouts = hasDepth ? [sceneBindGroupLayout!, bindGroupLayout] : [bindGroupLayout];\n    const instanceAttributes: GPUVertexAttribute[] = [\n        { shaderLocation: 0, offset: SPRITE_POSITION_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x2\" },\n        { shaderLocation: 1, offset: SPRITE_SIZE_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x2\" },\n        { shaderLocation: 2, offset: SPRITE_UV_MIN_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x2\" },\n        { shaderLocation: 3, offset: SPRITE_UV_MAX_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x2\" },\n        { shaderLocation: 4, offset: SPRITE_ROTATION_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32\" },\n        { shaderLocation: 5, offset: SPRITE_COLOR_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x4\" },\n    ];\n    if (hasDepth) {\n        instanceAttributes.push({ shaderLocation: 6, offset: SPRITE_DEPTH_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32\" });\n    }\n    // uvScroll (opt-in via setSprite2DUvOffset) appends a `uvOffset.xy` attribute after the base\n    // layout, like `hasDepth` appends `@location(6)`. The attribute is precomputed by the opt-in\n    // module and stashed on the layer as plain data — so the always-loaded path ships none of the\n    // attribute-building, just this data consume. The widened stride is likewise already on the layer.\n    if (layer?._uvScrollAttr) {\n        instanceAttributes.push(layer._uvScrollAttr);\n    }\n    const arrayStride = layer?._instanceStrideBytes ?? (hasDepth ? DEPTH_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES : PURE_2D_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES);\n    const descriptor: GPURenderPipelineDescriptor = {\n        layout: device.createPipelineLayout({ bindGroupLayouts }),\n        vertex: {\n            module,\n            entryPoint: \"vs\",\n            buffers: [\n                {\n                    arrayStride: arrayStride,\n                    stepMode: \"instance\",\n                    attributes: instanceAttributes,\n                },\n            ],\n        },\n        fragment: {\n            module,\n            entryPoint: \"fs\",\n            targets: [{ format, blend: blendMode._descriptor, writeMask: CW.ALL }],\n        },\n        primitive: { topology: \"triangle-list\", cullMode: \"none\" },\n        multisample: { count: sampleCount },\n    };\n    if (hasDepth) {\n        descriptor.depthStencil = {\n            format: depthStencilFormat!,\n            depthCompare: \"greater-equal\",\n            depthWriteEnabled: depthWrite,\n        };\n    }\n    return device.createRenderPipeline(descriptor);\n}\n\n// ─── Per-layer GPU sync helpers ────────────────────────────────────────────\n// Shared by `sprite-renderer.ts` (multi-layer pure-2D pass) and\n// `sprite-renderable.ts` (single-layer depth-hosted scene `Renderable`).\n// The two consumers have different lifecycles (renderer caches a `LayerGpu`\n// per layer; renderable owns one `Sprite2DLayer`) but the per-frame work —\n// \"grow instance buffer if needed\", \"upload dirty instance range\",\n// \"build the 12-float UBO\", \"writeBuffer only if changed\" — is identical.\n\n/** Per-layer UBO size in bytes. 16 floats; struct alignment forced to 16 by `vec4<f32>` fields. */\nexport const LAYER_UBO_BYTES = 64;\n/** Number of floats in the per-layer UBO scratch / lastUbo arrays. */\nexport const LAYER_UBO_FLOATS = LAYER_UBO_BYTES / 4;\n\n/** Shared two-triangle quad index buffer source (4 corners → 6 indices). */\nexport const SHARED_SPRITE_INDEX_DATA: Readonly<Uint16Array> = new U16([0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3]);\n\n/** Allocate a per-layer instance vertex buffer sized for `capacity` sprites. */\nexport function createSpriteInstanceBuffer(device: GPUDevice, layer: Sprite2DLayer, label?: string): GPUBuffer {\n    return device.createBuffer({\n        size: layer._capacity * layer._instanceStrideBytes,\n        usage: BU.VERTEX | BU.COPY_DST,\n        label,\n    });\n}\n\n/**\n * Reallocate the instance buffer if it can no longer hold `layer._capacity` sprites at the layer's\n * current per-sprite stride. The comparison is **byte-based** (`currentBuffer.size` vs the required\n * byte size) so it triggers both on capacity growth *and* on a stride change — e.g. when the opt-in\n * `setSprite2DUvOffset` widens a previously narrow layer in place. Returns the (possibly new) buffer\n * plus a `reallocated` flag the caller uses to invalidate per-buffer caches (render bundles, etc).\n */\nexport function ensureSpriteInstanceBuffer(\n    device: GPUDevice,\n    layer: Sprite2DLayer,\n    currentBuffer: GPUBuffer,\n    currentCapacity: number,\n    label?: string\n): { buffer: GPUBuffer; capacity: number; reallocated: boolean } {\n    const neededBytes = layer._capacity * layer._instanceStrideBytes;\n    if (currentBuffer.size >= neededBytes) {\n        return { buffer: currentBuffer, capacity: currentCapacity, reallocated: false };\n    }\n    currentBuffer.destroy();\n    return {\n        buffer: createSpriteInstanceBuffer(device, layer, label),\n        capacity: layer._capacity,\n        reallocated: true,\n    };\n}\n\n/**\n * Sync per-instance vertex data to `instanceBuffer`. Returns the new `uploadedVersion`\n * the caller should store. No-op if `layer._version` hasn't advanced or the layer is\n * empty. On first sight (`uploadedVersion === -1`) uploads `[0, count)`; on subsequent\n * edits uploads only `[_dirtyMin, min(_dirtyMax, count))`. Resets the dirty range.\n */\nexport function uploadSpriteInstances(device: GPUDevice, layer: Sprite2DLayer, instanceBuffer: GPUBuffer, uploadedVersion: number): number {\n    if (uploadedVersion === layer._version) {\n        return uploadedVersion;\n    }\n    if (layer.count === 0) {\n        layer._dirtyMin = 0;\n        layer._dirtyMax = 0;\n        return layer._version;\n    }\n    let lo: number;\n    let hi: number;\n    if (uploadedVersion === -1) {\n        lo = 0;\n        hi = layer.count;\n    } else {\n        lo = layer._dirtyMin;\n        hi = Math.min(layer._dirtyMax, layer.count);\n    }\n    if (hi > lo) {\n        const offsetBytes = lo * layer._instanceStrideBytes;\n        const bytes = (hi - lo) * layer._instanceStrideBytes;\n        device.queue.writeBuffer(instanceBuffer, offsetBytes, layer._instanceData.buffer, layer._instanceData.byteOffset + offsetBytes, bytes);\n    }\n    layer._dirtyMin = 0;\n    layer._dirtyMax = 0;\n    return layer._version;\n}\n\n/**\n * Fill `ubo` (16 floats) with the per-layer UBO contents from `layer` at the given\n * render-target dims. Layout matches the WGSL `Layer` struct (64 bytes total):\n *   [0..1]  viewPos.xy   [2] viewScale   [3] viewRot\n *   [4..5]  screenSize.xy   [6..7] pivot.xy\n *   [8..11] opacityMul.rgba (pre-shaped per blend mode)\n *   [12]    1/coverageGamma (coverage-gamma layers only)   [13..15] reserved\n *\n * Depth-hosted layers keep per-sprite NDC depth on the per-instance vertex buffer\n * (slot [13] of `Sprite2DLayer._instanceData`), not in this UBO — a single\n * depth-hosted layer can mix sprites at different depths. Pure-2D layers have no\n * Z slot.\n *\n * Premultiplied sources need RGB *and* A scaled by opacity for a correct fade;\n * straight-alpha needs only A scaled (the blend stage already uses src.a as factor).\n */\nexport function buildSpriteLayerUbo(layer: Sprite2DLayer, screenWidth: number, screenHeight: number, ubo: Float32Array): void {\n    ubo[0] = layer.view.positionPx[0];\n    ubo[1] = layer.view.positionPx[1];\n    ubo[2] = layer.view.zoom;\n    ubo[3] = layer.view.rotation;\n    ubo[4] = screenWidth;\n    ubo[5] = screenHeight;\n    ubo[6] = layer.pivot[0];\n    ubo[7] = layer.pivot[1];\n    const op = layer.opacity;\n    if (layer.blendMode._premultipliedOpacity) {\n        ubo[8] = op;\n        ubo[9] = op;\n        ubo[10] = op;\n        ubo[11] = op;\n    } else {\n        ubo[8] = 1;\n        ubo[9] = 1;\n        ubo[10] = 1;\n        ubo[11] = op;\n    }\n    // Coverage gamma (opt-in via setSprite2DCoverageGamma): the hook writes aa.x = 1/coverageGamma\n    // for gamma layers and 0 otherwise. Absent when no gamma layer exists, so non-gamma scenes ship\n    // no gamma bytes here; aa.yzw stay 0 (scratch UBO is zero-initialized and reused).\n    _getSpriteCoverageGammaHook()?.writeUbo(layer, ubo);\n}\n\n/**\n * Compare `scratchUbo` to `lastUbo` (LAYER_UBO_FLOATS each) and `writeBuffer` only if they\n * differ. On first call (`alreadyUploaded === false`) forces an unconditional write\n * so `lastUbo` becomes real. Returns the new `alreadyUploaded` value (always `true`\n * after the first call regardless of whether bytes changed).\n */\nexport function writeSpriteLayerUboIfDirty(device: GPUDevice, uniformBuffer: GPUBuffer, scratchUbo: Float32Array, lastUbo: Float32Array, alreadyUploaded: boolean): boolean {\n    let dirty = !alreadyUploaded;\n    if (!dirty) {\n        for (let i = 0; i < LAYER_UBO_FLOATS; i++) {\n            if (lastUbo[i] !== scratchUbo[i]) {\n                dirty = true;\n                break;\n            }\n        }\n    }\n    if (dirty) {\n        device.queue.writeBuffer(uniformBuffer, 0, scratchUbo.buffer, scratchUbo.byteOffset, LAYER_UBO_BYTES);\n        lastUbo.set(scratchUbo);\n    }\n    return 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+{"version":3,"file":"sprite-pipeline.js","sources":["../../../src/sprite/sprite-pipeline.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/** Internal sprite pipeline helpers: owns WGSL, bind-group schema, pipeline construction, and bind-group creation. */\nimport { U16 } from \"../engine/typed-arrays.js\";\nimport { BU, SS, CW } from \"../engine/gpu-flags.js\";\nimport type { EngineContext } from \"../engine/engine.js\";\nimport type { Sprite2DLayer, SpriteBlendMode } from \"./sprite-2d.js\";\nimport type { SpriteLayerFx } from \"./custom-shader-core.js\";\nimport { _getSpriteFxHook } from \"./sprite-fx-hook.js\";\nimport { _getSpriteCoverageGammaHook } from \"./sprite-coverage-gamma-hook.js\";\nimport { DEPTH_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES, PURE_2D_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES } from \"./sprite-2d.js\";\n\n/** @internal */\nexport interface SpritePipelineDeviceCache {\n    /** @internal Shader modules keyed by `${hasDepth}:${uvScroll}` permutation. */\n    _shaderModules: Map<string, GPUShaderModule>;\n    /** @internal */\n    _pipelines: Map<string, GPURenderPipeline>;\n}\n\n/** @internal */\nexport interface SpritePipelineCache {\n    /** @internal */\n    _devices: WeakMap<GPUDevice, SpritePipelineDeviceCache>;\n}\n\nconst SPRITE_POSITION_OFFSET_BYTES = 0;\nconst SPRITE_SIZE_OFFSET_BYTES = 8;\nconst SPRITE_UV_MIN_OFFSET_BYTES = 16;\nconst SPRITE_UV_MAX_OFFSET_BYTES = 24;\nconst SPRITE_ROTATION_OFFSET_BYTES = 32;\nconst SPRITE_COLOR_OFFSET_BYTES = 36;\nconst SPRITE_DEPTH_OFFSET_BYTES = 52;\n\nfunction makeSpriteWgsl(hasDepth: boolean, spriteGroupIndex: 0 | 1, uvScroll: boolean): string {\n    return `${makeSpritePrologueWgsl(hasDepth, spriteGroupIndex, uvScroll)}\n@fragment\nfn fs(in: O) -> @location(0) vec4f {\nlet s = textureSample(atlasTex, atlasSamp, in.uv);\nreturn s * in.tint * L.opacityMul;\n}`;\n}\n\n/**\n * Shared WGSL prologue for the sprite shader: the `Layer` UBO, atlas texture + sampler\n * bindings, instance-attribute `VIn` / interpolant `VOut` structs, and the `vs` vertex stage.\n * The default sprite shader appends a trivial textured fragment; the opt-in custom-shader\n * module (`createSprite2DCustomShader`) appends any extra-texture bindings, a `SpriteFx` UBO at\n * `@binding(3 + 2 * extraTextures.length)`, and the user's raw fragment body. Exposed so both\n * paths share one source of truth.\n */\nexport function makeSpritePrologueWgsl(hasDepth: boolean, spriteGroupIndex: 0 | 1, uvScroll = false): string {\n    const group = `@group(${spriteGroupIndex})`;\n    const zAttribute = hasDepth ? `,\\n@location(6) z: f32` : \"\";\n    const uvOffsetAttribute = uvScroll ? `,\\n@location(7) o: vec2f` : \"\";\n    const zPosition = hasDepth ? \"1 - in.z\" : \"0\";\n    return `struct Lr {\nviewPos: vec2f,\nviewScale: f32,\nviewRot: f32,\nscreenSize: vec2f,\npivot: vec2f,\nopacityMul: vec4f,\naa: vec4f,\n};\n${group} @binding(0) var<uniform> L: Lr;\n${group} @binding(1) var atlasTex: texture_2d<f32>;\n${group} @binding(2) var atlasSamp: sampler;\nstruct I {\n@builtin(vertex_index) vid: u32,\n@location(0) p: vec2f,\n@location(1) s: vec2f,\n@location(2) a: vec2f,\n@location(3) b: vec2f,\n@location(4) r: f32,\n@location(5) c: vec4f${zAttribute}${uvOffsetAttribute}\n};\nstruct O {\n@builtin(position) p: vec4f,\n@location(0) uv: vec2f,\n@location(1) tint: vec4f,\n};\n@vertex\nfn vs(in: I) -> O {\nvar q = array<vec2f, 4>(vec2f(0, 0), vec2f(1, 0), vec2f(1, 1), vec2f(0, 1));\nlet c = q[in.vid];\nlet l = (c - L.pivot) * in.s;\nlet cr = cos(in.r);\nlet sr = sin(in.r);\nlet r = vec2f(l.x * cr - l.y * sr, l.x * sr + l.y * cr);\nlet p = in.p + r - L.viewPos;\nlet lc = cos(L.viewRot);\nlet ls = sin(L.viewRot);\nlet v = vec2f(p.x * lc - p.y * ls, p.x * ls + p.y * lc) * L.viewScale;\nlet n = vec2f(v.x / L.screenSize.x * 2 - 1, 1 - v.y / L.screenSize.y * 2);\nlet uv = mix(in.a, in.b, c)${uvScroll ? \" + in.o\" : \"\"};\nvar out: O;\nout.p = vec4f(n, ${zPosition}, 1);\nout.uv = uv;\nout.tint = in.c;\nreturn out;\n}`;\n}\n\nexport function createSpritePipelineCache(): SpritePipelineCache {\n    return {\n        _devices: new WeakMap(),\n    };\n}\n\nexport function resetSpritePipelineCache(cache: SpritePipelineCache): void {\n    cache._devices = new WeakMap();\n}\n\n// Process-wide sprite pipeline cache shared by every `SpriteRenderer` (the HUD /\n// pure-2D path). Compiled `GPUShaderModule`s + `GPURenderPipeline`s are keyed by\n// `GPUDevice` inside the cache, so instances on the same device dedupe pipelines,\n// and destroy→recreate of a renderer for the same canvas pays no recompile.\n// Lazy-init on first acquire (per GUIDANCE §4 — module-level `null` initializer +\n// helper, never a top-level `new WeakMap()`), refcounted so the cache is released\n// exactly when the last `SpriteRenderer` is disposed. The billboard/depth\n// (`buildSpriteRenderable`) path keeps its own shared cache; the two are disjoint\n// by construction (different pipeline keys) and could be unified in a follow-up.\nlet _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache: SpritePipelineCache | null = null;\nlet _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCacheRefs = 0;\n\n/** @internal Acquire (refcount++) the process-wide SpriteRenderer pipeline cache. */\nexport function acquireSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache(): SpritePipelineCache {\n    _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache ??= createSpritePipelineCache();\n    _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCacheRefs++;\n    return _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache;\n}\n\n/** @internal Release (refcount--) the process-wide SpriteRenderer pipeline cache.\n *  Clears the cache (dropping cache-held pipeline/shader refs) when the last user\n *  is disposed. Safe to over-call; refcount floors at 0. */\nexport function releaseSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache(): void {\n    if (_sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCacheRefs === 0) {\n        return;\n    }\n    _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCacheRefs--;\n    if (_sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCacheRefs === 0 && _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache) {\n        resetSpritePipelineCache(_sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache);\n        _sharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache = null;\n    }\n}\n\nexport function getSpritePipelineCacheSize(cache: SpritePipelineCache, device: GPUDevice): number {\n    return cache._devices.get(device)?._pipelines.size ?? 0;\n}\n\nexport function getOrCreateSpritePipeline(\n    engine: EngineContext,\n    cache: SpritePipelineCache,\n    format: GPUTextureFormat,\n    sampleCount: 1 | 4,\n    blendMode: SpriteBlendMode,\n    hasDepth: boolean,\n    depthWrite = false,\n    depthStencilFormat?: GPUTextureFormat,\n    sceneBindGroupLayout?: GPUBindGroupLayout,\n    layer?: Sprite2DLayer\n): GPURenderPipeline {\n    const deviceCache = getSpritePipelineDeviceCache(engine, cache);\n    const resolvedDepthStencilFormat = normalizeDepthStencilFormat(hasDepth, depthStencilFormat);\n    const key = spritePipelineKey(format, sampleCount, blendMode, hasDepth, depthWrite, resolvedDepthStencilFormat, layer);\n    const cached = deviceCache._pipelines.get(key);\n    if (cached) {\n        return cached;\n    }\n\n    const pipeline = buildSpritePipeline(engine, deviceCache, format, sampleCount, blendMode, hasDepth, depthWrite, resolvedDepthStencilFormat, sceneBindGroupLayout, layer);\n    deviceCache._pipelines.set(key, pipeline);\n    return pipeline;\n}\n\nexport function createSpriteLayerBindGroup(\n    engine: EngineContext,\n    pipeline: GPURenderPipeline,\n    spriteBindGroupIndex: 0 | 1,\n    layer: Sprite2DLayer,\n    uniformBuffer: GPUBuffer,\n    fx?: SpriteLayerFx | null\n): GPUBindGroup {\n    const tex = layer.atlas.texture;\n    const entries: GPUBindGroupEntry[] = [\n        { binding: 0, resource: { buffer: uniformBuffer } },\n        { binding: 1, resource: tex.view },\n        { binding: 2, resource: tex.sampler },\n    ];\n    if (fx) {\n        for (const entry of _getSpriteFxHook()!.bindEntries(fx, 3)) {\n            entries.push(entry);\n        }\n    }\n    return engine._device.createBindGroup({\n        layout: pipeline.getBindGroupLayout(spriteBindGroupIndex),\n        entries,\n    });\n}\n\nfunction getSpritePipelineDeviceCache(engine: EngineContext, cache: SpritePipelineCache): SpritePipelineDeviceCache {\n    let deviceCache = cache._devices.get(engine._device);\n    if (!deviceCache) {\n        deviceCache = {\n            _shaderModules: new Map(),\n            _pipelines: new Map(),\n        };\n        cache._devices.set(engine._device, deviceCache);\n    }\n    return deviceCache;\n}\n\nfunction normalizeDepthStencilFormat(hasDepth: boolean, depthStencilFormat?: GPUTextureFormat): GPUTextureFormat | null {\n    if (!hasDepth) {\n        return null;\n    }\n    if (!depthStencilFormat) {\n        throw new Error(\"Sprite pipeline: depth-enabled pipelines require a depth-stencil format.\");\n    }\n    return depthStencilFormat;\n}\n\nfunction spritePipelineKey(\n    format: GPUTextureFormat,\n    sampleCount: number,\n    blendMode: SpriteBlendMode,\n    hasDepth: boolean,\n    depthWrite: boolean,\n    depthStencilFormat: GPUTextureFormat | null,\n    layer?: Sprite2DLayer\n): string {\n    const customKey = layer ? (_getSpriteFxHook()?.pipelineKeyPart(layer) ?? \"\") : \"\";\n    const uvKey = layer?._uvScrollAttr ? \"1\" : \"0\";\n    const cgKey = layer ? (_getSpriteCoverageGammaHook()?.pipelineKeyPart(layer) ?? \"0\") : \"0\";\n    return `${format}:${sampleCount}:${blendMode._key}:${hasDepth ? 1 : 0}:${depthWrite ? 1 : 0}:${depthStencilFormat ?? \"-\"}:cs${customKey}:uv${uvKey}:cg${cgKey}`;\n}\n\nfunction getShaderModule(engine: EngineContext, cache: SpritePipelineDeviceCache, hasDepth: boolean, layer?: Sprite2DLayer): GPUShaderModule {\n    const customModule = layer ? _getSpriteFxHook()?.shaderModule(engine, hasDepth, layer) : null;\n    if (customModule) {\n        return customModule;\n    }\n    const gammaModule = layer ? _getSpriteCoverageGammaHook()?.shaderModule(engine, hasDepth, layer) : null;\n    if (gammaModule) {\n        return gammaModule;\n    }\n    const uvScroll = layer?._uvScrollAttr != null;\n    const key = `${hasDepth ? 1 : 0}:${uvScroll ? 1 : 0}`;\n    let module = cache._shaderModules.get(key);\n    if (!module) {\n        module = engine._device.createShaderModule({\n            code: makeSpriteWgsl(hasDepth, hasDepth ? 1 : 0, uvScroll),\n        });\n        cache._shaderModules.set(key, module);\n    }\n    return module;\n}\n\nfunction buildSpritePipeline(\n    engine: EngineContext,\n    cache: SpritePipelineDeviceCache,\n    format: GPUTextureFormat,\n    sampleCount: 1 | 4,\n    blendMode: SpriteBlendMode,\n    hasDepth: boolean,\n    depthWrite: boolean,\n    depthStencilFormat: GPUTextureFormat | null,\n    sceneBindGroupLayout?: GPUBindGroupLayout,\n    layer?: Sprite2DLayer\n): GPURenderPipeline {\n    const device = engine._device;\n    const layoutEntries: GPUBindGroupLayoutEntry[] = [\n        { binding: 0, visibility: SS.VERTEX | SS.FRAGMENT, buffer: { type: \"uniform\" } },\n        { binding: 1, visibility: SS.FRAGMENT, texture: { sampleType: \"float\" } },\n        { binding: 2, visibility: SS.FRAGMENT, sampler: { type: \"filtering\" } },\n    ];\n    const extraLayoutEntries = layer ? _getSpriteFxHook()?.layoutEntries(layer, 3) : null;\n    if (extraLayoutEntries) {\n        for (const entry of extraLayoutEntries) {\n            layoutEntries.push(entry);\n        }\n    }\n    const bindGroupLayout = device.createBindGroupLayout({ entries: layoutEntries });\n    const module = getShaderModule(engine, cache, hasDepth, layer);\n    if (hasDepth && !sceneBindGroupLayout) {\n        throw new Error(\"Sprite pipeline: depth-enabled pipelines require a scene bind-group layout.\");\n    }\n    const bindGroupLayouts = hasDepth ? [sceneBindGroupLayout!, bindGroupLayout] : [bindGroupLayout];\n    const instanceAttributes: GPUVertexAttribute[] = [\n        { shaderLocation: 0, offset: SPRITE_POSITION_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x2\" },\n        { shaderLocation: 1, offset: SPRITE_SIZE_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x2\" },\n        { shaderLocation: 2, offset: SPRITE_UV_MIN_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x2\" },\n        { shaderLocation: 3, offset: SPRITE_UV_MAX_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x2\" },\n        { shaderLocation: 4, offset: SPRITE_ROTATION_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32\" },\n        { shaderLocation: 5, offset: SPRITE_COLOR_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x4\" },\n    ];\n    if (hasDepth) {\n        instanceAttributes.push({ shaderLocation: 6, offset: SPRITE_DEPTH_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32\" });\n    }\n    // uvScroll (opt-in via setSprite2DUvOffset) appends a `uvOffset.xy` attribute after the base\n    // layout, like `hasDepth` appends `@location(6)`. The attribute is precomputed by the opt-in\n    // module and stashed on the layer as plain data — so the always-loaded path ships none of the\n    // attribute-building, just this data consume. The widened stride is likewise already on the layer.\n    if (layer?._uvScrollAttr) {\n        instanceAttributes.push(layer._uvScrollAttr);\n    }\n    const arrayStride = layer?._instanceStrideBytes ?? (hasDepth ? DEPTH_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES : PURE_2D_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES);\n    const descriptor: GPURenderPipelineDescriptor = {\n        layout: device.createPipelineLayout({ bindGroupLayouts }),\n        vertex: {\n            module,\n            entryPoint: \"vs\",\n            buffers: [\n                {\n                    arrayStride: arrayStride,\n                    stepMode: \"instance\",\n                    attributes: instanceAttributes,\n                },\n            ],\n        },\n        fragment: {\n            module,\n            entryPoint: \"fs\",\n            targets: [{ format, blend: blendMode._descriptor, writeMask: CW.ALL }],\n        },\n        primitive: { topology: \"triangle-list\", cullMode: \"none\" },\n        multisample: { count: sampleCount },\n    };\n    if (hasDepth) {\n        descriptor.depthStencil = {\n            format: depthStencilFormat!,\n            depthCompare: \"greater-equal\",\n            depthWriteEnabled: depthWrite,\n        };\n    }\n    return device.createRenderPipeline(descriptor);\n}\n\n// ─── Per-layer GPU sync helpers ────────────────────────────────────────────\n// Shared by `sprite-renderer.ts` (multi-layer pure-2D pass) and\n// `sprite-renderable.ts` (single-layer depth-hosted scene `Renderable`).\n// The two consumers have different lifecycles (renderer caches a `LayerGpu`\n// per layer; renderable owns one `Sprite2DLayer`) but the per-frame work —\n// \"grow instance buffer if needed\", \"upload dirty instance range\",\n// \"build the 12-float UBO\", \"writeBuffer only if changed\" — is identical.\n\n/** Per-layer UBO size in bytes. 16 floats; struct alignment forced to 16 by `vec4<f32>` fields. */\nexport const LAYER_UBO_BYTES = 64;\n/** Number of floats in the per-layer UBO scratch / lastUbo arrays. */\nexport const LAYER_UBO_FLOATS = LAYER_UBO_BYTES / 4;\n\n/** Shared two-triangle quad index buffer source (4 corners → 6 indices). */\nexport const SHARED_SPRITE_INDEX_DATA: Readonly<Uint16Array> = new U16([0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3]);\n\n/** Allocate a per-layer instance vertex buffer sized for `capacity` sprites. */\nexport function createSpriteInstanceBuffer(device: GPUDevice, layer: Sprite2DLayer, label?: string): GPUBuffer {\n    return device.createBuffer({\n        size: layer._capacity * layer._instanceStrideBytes,\n        usage: BU.VERTEX | BU.COPY_DST,\n        label,\n    });\n}\n\n/**\n * Reallocate the instance buffer if it can no longer hold `layer._capacity` sprites at the layer's\n * current per-sprite stride. The comparison is **byte-based** (`currentBuffer.size` vs the required\n * byte size) so it triggers both on capacity growth *and* on a stride change — e.g. when the opt-in\n * `setSprite2DUvOffset` widens a previously narrow layer in place. Returns the (possibly new) buffer\n * plus a `reallocated` flag the caller uses to invalidate per-buffer caches (render bundles, etc).\n */\nexport function ensureSpriteInstanceBuffer(\n    device: GPUDevice,\n    layer: Sprite2DLayer,\n    currentBuffer: GPUBuffer,\n    currentCapacity: number,\n    label?: string\n): { buffer: GPUBuffer; capacity: number; reallocated: boolean } {\n    const neededBytes = layer._capacity * layer._instanceStrideBytes;\n    if (currentBuffer.size >= neededBytes) {\n        return { buffer: currentBuffer, capacity: currentCapacity, reallocated: false };\n    }\n    currentBuffer.destroy();\n    return {\n        buffer: createSpriteInstanceBuffer(device, layer, label),\n        capacity: layer._capacity,\n        reallocated: true,\n    };\n}\n\n/**\n * Sync per-instance vertex data to `instanceBuffer`. Returns the new `uploadedVersion`\n * the caller should store. No-op if `layer._version` hasn't advanced or the layer is\n * empty. On first sight (`uploadedVersion === -1`) uploads `[0, count)`; on subsequent\n * edits uploads only `[_dirtyMin, min(_dirtyMax, count))`. Resets the dirty range.\n */\nexport function uploadSpriteInstances(device: GPUDevice, layer: Sprite2DLayer, instanceBuffer: GPUBuffer, uploadedVersion: number): number {\n    if (uploadedVersion === layer._version) {\n        return uploadedVersion;\n    }\n    if (layer.count === 0) {\n        layer._dirtyMin = 0;\n        layer._dirtyMax = 0;\n        return layer._version;\n    }\n    let lo: number;\n    let hi: number;\n    if (uploadedVersion === -1) {\n        lo = 0;\n        hi = layer.count;\n    } else {\n        lo = layer._dirtyMin;\n        hi = Math.min(layer._dirtyMax, layer.count);\n    }\n    if (hi > lo) {\n        const offsetBytes = lo * layer._instanceStrideBytes;\n        const bytes = (hi - lo) * layer._instanceStrideBytes;\n        device.queue.writeBuffer(instanceBuffer, offsetBytes, layer._instanceData.buffer, layer._instanceData.byteOffset + offsetBytes, bytes);\n    }\n    layer._dirtyMin = 0;\n    layer._dirtyMax = 0;\n    return layer._version;\n}\n\n/**\n * Fill `ubo` (16 floats) with the per-layer UBO contents from `layer` at the given\n * render-target dims. Layout matches the WGSL `Layer` struct (64 bytes total):\n *   [0..1]  viewPos.xy   [2] viewScale   [3] viewRot\n *   [4..5]  screenSize.xy   [6..7] pivot.xy\n *   [8..11] opacityMul.rgba (pre-shaped per blend mode)\n *   [12]    1/coverageGamma (coverage-gamma layers only)   [13..15] reserved\n *\n * Depth-hosted layers keep per-sprite NDC depth on the per-instance vertex buffer\n * (slot [13] of `Sprite2DLayer._instanceData`), not in this UBO — a single\n * depth-hosted layer can mix sprites at different depths. Pure-2D layers have no\n * Z slot.\n *\n * Premultiplied sources need RGB *and* A scaled by opacity for a correct fade;\n * straight-alpha needs only A scaled (the blend stage already uses src.a as factor).\n */\nexport function buildSpriteLayerUbo(layer: Sprite2DLayer, screenWidth: number, screenHeight: number, ubo: Float32Array): void {\n    ubo[0] = layer.view.positionPx[0];\n    ubo[1] = layer.view.positionPx[1];\n    ubo[2] = layer.view.zoom;\n    ubo[3] = layer.view.rotation;\n    ubo[4] = screenWidth;\n    ubo[5] = screenHeight;\n    ubo[6] = layer.pivot[0];\n    ubo[7] = layer.pivot[1];\n    const op = layer.opacity;\n    if (layer.blendMode._premultipliedOpacity) {\n        ubo[8] = op;\n        ubo[9] = op;\n        ubo[10] = op;\n        ubo[11] = op;\n    } else {\n        ubo[8] = 1;\n        ubo[9] = 1;\n        ubo[10] = 1;\n        ubo[11] = op;\n    }\n    // Coverage gamma (opt-in via setSprite2DCoverageGamma): the hook writes aa.x = 1/coverageGamma\n    // for gamma layers and 0 otherwise. Absent when no gamma layer exists, so non-gamma scenes ship\n    // no gamma bytes here; aa.yzw stay 0 (scratch UBO is zero-initialized and reused).\n    _getSpriteCoverageGammaHook()?.writeUbo(layer, ubo);\n}\n\n/**\n * Compare `scratchUbo` to `lastUbo` (LAYER_UBO_FLOATS each) and `writeBuffer` only if they\n * differ. On first call (`alreadyUploaded === false`) forces an unconditional write\n * so `lastUbo` becomes real. Returns the new `alreadyUploaded` value (always `true`\n * after the first call regardless of whether bytes changed).\n */\nexport function writeSpriteLayerUboIfDirty(device: GPUDevice, uniformBuffer: GPUBuffer, scratchUbo: Float32Array, lastUbo: Float32Array, alreadyUploaded: boolean): boolean {\n    let dirty = !alreadyUploaded;\n    if (!dirty) {\n        for (let i = 0; i < LAYER_UBO_FLOATS; i++) {\n            if (lastUbo[i] !== scratchUbo[i]) {\n                dirty = true;\n                break;\n            }\n        }\n    }\n    if (dirty) {\n        device.queue.writeBuffer(uniformBuffer, 0, scratchUbo.buffer, scratchUbo.byteOffset, LAYER_UBO_BYTES);\n        lastUbo.set(scratchUbo);\n    }\n    return 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package/lib/sprite/sprite-renderer.js

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { BU } from '../engine/gpu-flags.js';
 import { registerRenderingContext, unregisterRenderingContext, getRenderTargetSize } from '../engine/engine.js';
 import { createMappedBuffer, createEmptyUniformBuffer } from '../resource/gpu-buffers.js';
 import { _getSpriteFxHook } from './sprite-fx-hook.js';
-import { getOrCreateSpritePipeline, SHARED_SPRITE_INDEX_DATA, resetSpritePipelineCache, getSpritePipelineCacheSize, createSpritePipelineCache, createSpriteLayerBindGroup, createSpriteInstanceBuffer, LAYER_UBO_BYTES, ensureSpriteInstanceBuffer, uploadSpriteInstances, buildSpriteLayerUbo, writeSpriteLayerUboIfDirty } from './sprite-pipeline.js';
+import { getOrCreateSpritePipeline, SHARED_SPRITE_INDEX_DATA, releaseSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache, getSpritePipelineCacheSize, acquireSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache, createSpriteLayerBindGroup, createSpriteInstanceBuffer, LAYER_UBO_BYTES, ensureSpriteInstanceBuffer, uploadSpriteInstances, buildSpriteLayerUbo, writeSpriteLayerUboIfDirty } from './sprite-pipeline.js';
 
 const KIND = "sprite-renderer";
 function ensureLayerGpu(rr, layer) {
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ function createSpriteRenderer(surface, opts) {
     _kind: KIND,
     _surface: surface,
     _indexBuffer: indexBuffer,
-    _pipelineCache: createSpritePipelineCache(),
+    _pipelineCache: acquireSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache(),
     _layerGpu: /* @__PURE__ */ new Map(),
     _visibleBundles: [],
     _targetWidth: canvas.width,
@@ -99,8 +99,14 @@ function createSpriteRenderer(surface, opts) {
       return spriteRendererRecord(rr);
     }
   };
-  for (const layer of rr.layers) {
-    getOrCreateSpritePipeline(engine, rr._pipelineCache, surface.format, 1, layer.blendMode, false, false, void 0, void 0, layer);
+  try {
+    for (const layer of rr.layers) {
+      getOrCreateSpritePipeline(engine, rr._pipelineCache, surface.format, 1, layer.blendMode, false, false, void 0, void 0, layer);
+    }
+  } catch (err) {
+    releaseSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache();
+    indexBuffer.destroy();
+    throw err;
   }
   return rr;
 }
@@ -144,7 +150,7 @@ function spriteRendererRecord(rr) {
   assertSpriteRendererLayers(rr.layers);
   const eng = rr._surface.engine;
   const encoder = eng._currentEncoder;
-  const swapView = rr._targetView ?? eng.scRT._colorView;
+  const swapView = rr._targetView ?? rr._surface.scRT._colorView;
   const pass = encoder.beginRenderPass({
     colorAttachments: [
       {
@@ -258,7 +264,7 @@ function disposeSpriteRenderer(sr) {
   sr._visibleBundles.length = 0;
   sr._beforeUpdate.length = 0;
   sr._indexBuffer.destroy();
-  resetSpritePipelineCache(sr._pipelineCache);
+  releaseSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache();
   sr._layers.length = 0;
 }
 function _spriteRendererPipelineCacheSize(sr) {

package/lib/sprite/sprite-renderer.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"sprite-renderer.js","sources":["../../../src/sprite/sprite-renderer.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * `SpriteRenderer` — owns the shared index buffer and per-layer GPU state\n * required to draw `Sprite2DLayer`s. Implements\n * `RenderingContext` directly, so it plugs into `engine._renderingContexts`\n * the same way a `SceneContext` does.\n *\n * Scope:\n *   - Pure-2D / HUD path only — all layers must use `depth: \"none\"`.\n *   - One sprite-pipeline cache per renderer instance, keyed by format,\n *     blend mode, and sample count. The direct HUD path always uses\n *     `sampleCount=1` and `hasDepth=false`.\n *   - The renderer opens a sprite-only swapchain pass using the engine's\n *     current command encoder and swapchain view. Off-screen / HUD-to-texture\n *     rendering is deferred until there is a concrete caller.\n */\nimport { F32 } from \"../engine/typed-arrays.js\";\nimport { BU } from \"../engine/gpu-flags.js\";\nimport { registerRenderingContext, unregisterRenderingContext, getRenderTargetSize } from \"../engine/engine.js\";\nimport type { RenderingContext } from \"../engine/engine.js\";\nimport type { SurfaceContext } from \"../engine/surface.js\";\nimport { createEmptyUniformBuffer, createMappedBuffer } from \"../resource/gpu-buffers.js\";\nimport type { SpriteLayerFx } from \"./custom-shader-core.js\";\nimport { _getSpriteFxHook } from \"./sprite-fx-hook.js\";\nimport type { Sprite2DLayer } from \"./sprite-2d.js\";\nimport type { Texture2D } from \"../texture/texture-2d.js\";\nimport {\n    LAYER_UBO_BYTES,\n    SHARED_SPRITE_INDEX_DATA,\n    buildSpriteLayerUbo,\n    createSpriteInstanceBuffer,\n    createSpriteLayerBindGroup,\n    createSpritePipelineCache,\n    ensureSpriteInstanceBuffer,\n    getOrCreateSpritePipeline,\n    getSpritePipelineCacheSize,\n    resetSpritePipelineCache,\n    uploadSpriteInstances,\n    writeSpriteLayerUboIfDirty,\n} from \"./sprite-pipeline.js\";\nimport type { SpritePipelineCache } from \"./sprite-pipeline.js\";\n\n/** Tag used by the engine and by tests to identify a sprite renderer. */\nconst KIND = \"sprite-renderer\" as const;\n\n/** Options accepted by `createSpriteRenderer`. */\nexport interface SpriteRendererOptions {\n    /** Layers to draw, in registration order. The renderer also re-sorts internally each frame. */\n    layers: readonly Sprite2DLayer[];\n    /** Default true. Set false for HUD overlays so the sprite pass preserves existing scene color. */\n    clear?: boolean;\n    /** Default `{ r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, a: 1 }`. */\n    clearValue?: GPUColorDict;\n}\n\n/**\n * A `SpriteRenderer` — pure data, plugs into `engine._renderingContexts`.\n * Inherits `clearColor`, `_drawCallsPre`, `_update`, `_record` from `RenderingContext`;\n * adds only its discriminator tag and the renderer-owned layer list.\n *\n * **Lifecycle.** A `SpriteRenderer` is independent of any `SceneContext` — it is\n * registered directly on the engine, opens its own sampleCount=1 swapchain pass, and\n * must be disposed by the caller. Two patterns:\n *\n *   1. **Standalone** (no scene, or one or more renderers alongside a scene):\n *      `registerSpriteRenderer` after `createSpriteRenderer`, `disposeSpriteRenderer`\n *      on shutdown. Caller owns the lifetime end-to-end.\n *   2. **HUD-on-3D** (renderer overlaid on a scene): same `register` step,\n *      then tie disposal to the scene with\n *      `onSceneDispose(scene, () => disposeSpriteRenderer(hud))` —\n *      `disposeScene` then cleans it up automatically. Register the renderer\n *      *after* `registerScene` so it draws on top.\n *\n * Scene 52 demonstrates pattern (2). For depth-hosted sprites that should\n * sort against 3D meshes, use `addDepthHostedSpriteLayer(scene, layer)` with\n * a depth-enabled `Sprite2DLayer` instead — that route is fully owned by the scene.\n */\nexport interface SpriteRenderer extends RenderingContext {\n    /** @internal */\n    readonly _kind: typeof KIND;\n    /** Renderer-owned layer membership. Use `addSpriteRendererLayer` / `removeSpriteRendererLayer` to mutate. */\n    readonly layers: readonly Sprite2DLayer[];\n    /** @internal Mutable alias of {@link layers} — same array, used by internal helpers. */\n    _layers: Sprite2DLayer[];\n    /** @internal Surface this renderer draws into. */\n    _surface: SurfaceContext;\n    /** @internal */\n    _indexBuffer: GPUBuffer;\n    /** @internal */\n    _pipelineCache: SpritePipelineCache;\n    /** @internal */\n    _layerGpu: Map<Sprite2DLayer, LayerGpu>;\n    /** @internal Hooks run at the start of `_update`, before layer uploads. */\n    _beforeUpdate: ((deltaMs: number) => void)[];\n    /** @internal Cleanup callbacks run by `disposeSpriteRenderer`; optional integrations register here. */\n    _disposeCallbacks: (() => void)[];\n    /** @internal */\n    _visibleBundles: GPURenderBundle[];\n    /** @internal Captured each `_update`, read in `_record`. */\n    _targetWidth: number;\n    /** @internal */\n    _targetHeight: number;\n    /** @internal */\n    _disposed: boolean;\n    /** @internal Whether this pass clears the swapchain before drawing. False for HUD overlays. */\n    _clear: boolean;\n    /** @internal Offscreen color-attachment view to render into; null = the swapchain.\n     *  Set via {@link setSpriteRendererTarget} (which takes a {@link Texture2D} target)\n     *  for render-to-texture / post-process. */\n    _targetView: GPUTextureView | null;\n}\n\n/** @internal Per-layer GPU resources owned by the renderer. */\ninterface LayerGpu {\n    layer: Sprite2DLayer;\n    instanceBuffer: GPUBuffer;\n    instanceBufferCapacity: number;\n    uniformBuffer: GPUBuffer;\n    /** Built once per layer; the bind group binds the uniform buffer + atlas texture/sampler,\n     *  none of which change after construction (atlas is `readonly` on the layer; uniform\n     *  buffer is allocated once in `ensureLayerGpu`). Cleared if we ever recreate either. */\n    bindGroup: GPUBindGroup | null;\n    uploadedVersion: number;\n    /** Opaque fx attachment (`SpriteFx` UBO, scratch, elapsed time); non-null only for `customShader` layers. */\n    fx: SpriteLayerFx | null;\n    /** Cached pipeline object. Refreshed when target-defining GPU state resolves to a different pipeline. */\n    pipeline: GPURenderPipeline | null;\n    /** Snapshot of the last UBO bytes written to `uniformBuffer`. We rebuild the UBO into\n     *  `_scratchUbo` each frame, then `writeBuffer` only if the contents actually changed.\n     *  For static scenes (steady-state) this skips one `queue.writeBuffer` per layer per frame. */\n    lastUbo: Float32Array;\n    /** False until the first UBO upload. Forces an unconditional first write so `lastUbo` is real. */\n    uboUploaded: boolean;\n    /** Pre-recorded GPU command bundle: `setIndexBuffer` + `setPipeline` + `setBindGroup` +\n     *  `setVertexBuffer` + `drawIndexed`. Collected into a reused bundle array for\n     *  near-zero per-frame CPU command-recording cost (the big WebGPU win for static scenes —\n     *  see `scene-core.ts._record` for the same pattern). Invalidated when `layer.count` changes\n     *  (the `drawIndexed` instance count is baked into the bundle) or when the instance buffer is\n     *  reallocated by `ensureLayerGpu` (the bundle holds a GPUBuffer reference). The UBO contents\n     *  may freely change frame-to-frame — the bundle binds the buffer *object*, not its bytes. */\n    renderBundle: GPURenderBundle | null;\n    /** `layer.count` value the cached `renderBundle` was recorded against. */\n    bundleCount: number;\n}\n\n/**\n * Lazy GPU-resource provisioner for one layer. On first sight: allocates the per-instance\n * vertex buffer + the 48 B layer UBO and stashes a `LayerGpu` record in `_layerGpu`. On\n * subsequent calls where the layer's CPU `_capacity` outgrew the GPU buffer (after\n * `growCapacity` doubled the array): destroys + reallocates the instance buffer at the\n * new size and forces a full re-upload via `uploadedVersion = -1`. The bind group is\n * left intact — it doesn't reference the instance buffer (vertex buffers are bound\n * separately at draw time), only the uniform buffer + atlas, neither of which moves.\n */\nfunction ensureLayerGpu(rr: SpriteRenderer, layer: Sprite2DLayer): LayerGpu {\n    let lg = rr._layerGpu.get(layer);\n    if (!lg) {\n        const cap = layer._capacity;\n        const instanceBuffer = createSpriteInstanceBuffer(rr._surface.engine._device, layer);\n        const uniformBuffer = createEmptyUniformBuffer(rr._surface.engine, LAYER_UBO_BYTES);\n        const fx = _getSpriteFxHook()?.createLayerFx(rr._surface.engine, \"sprite-layer-fx-ubo\", layer) ?? null;\n        lg = {\n            layer,\n            instanceBuffer,\n            instanceBufferCapacity: cap,\n            uniformBuffer,\n            bindGroup: null,\n            uploadedVersion: -1,\n            fx,\n            pipeline: null,\n            lastUbo: new F32(LAYER_UBO_BYTES / 4),\n            uboUploaded: false,\n            renderBundle: null,\n            bundleCount: -1,\n        };\n        rr._layerGpu.set(layer, lg);\n    }\n    const grown = ensureSpriteInstanceBuffer(rr._surface.engine._device, layer, lg.instanceBuffer, lg.instanceBufferCapacity);\n    if (grown.reallocated) {\n        lg.instanceBuffer = grown.buffer;\n        lg.instanceBufferCapacity = grown.capacity;\n        lg.uploadedVersion = -1;\n        // Bundle baked a reference to the *old* GPUBuffer; the new buffer needs a re-record.\n        lg.renderBundle = null;\n    }\n    return lg;\n}\n\n/** Sync one layer's GPU state to its CPU state — instance vertex data + per-layer UBO.\n *  Both helpers are version-/dirty-gated and skip work in the steady state. */\nfunction uploadLayer(rr: SpriteRenderer, lg: LayerGpu, deltaMs: number): void {\n    const layer = lg.layer;\n    lg.uploadedVersion = uploadSpriteInstances(rr._surface.engine._device, layer, lg.instanceBuffer, lg.uploadedVersion);\n    buildSpriteLayerUbo(layer, rr._targetWidth, rr._targetHeight, _scratchUbo);\n    lg.uboUploaded = writeSpriteLayerUboIfDirty(rr._surface.engine._device, lg.uniformBuffer, _scratchUbo, lg.lastUbo, lg.uboUploaded);\n    if (lg.fx) {\n        _getSpriteFxHook()!.updateFx(lg.fx, layer, deltaMs);\n    }\n}\n\nfunction disposeLayerGpu(lg: LayerGpu): void {\n    lg.instanceBuffer.destroy();\n    lg.uniformBuffer.destroy();\n    if (lg.fx) {\n        _getSpriteFxHook()!.disposeFx(lg.fx);\n    }\n}\n\nconst _scratchUbo = new F32(LAYER_UBO_BYTES / 4);\n\n/**\n * Build (and cache) the bind group that attaches `lg.uniformBuffer` + atlas texture +\n * sampler to the pipeline's sprite `@group(0)` schema. All three resources are immutable for\n * the layer's lifetime, so this runs at most once per layer; subsequent calls return\n * the cached group. The instance buffer is **not** in the bind group — it's a vertex\n * buffer, bound separately at draw time — which is why instance-buffer growth in\n * `ensureLayerGpu` doesn't invalidate this cache.\n */\nfunction ensureBindGroup(rr: SpriteRenderer, lg: LayerGpu, pipeline: GPURenderPipeline): GPUBindGroup {\n    if (lg.bindGroup) {\n        return lg.bindGroup;\n    }\n    lg.bindGroup = createSpriteLayerBindGroup(rr._surface.engine, pipeline, 0, lg.layer, lg.uniformBuffer, lg.fx);\n    return lg.bindGroup;\n}\n\n/** Sort key for layers within a renderer: ascending `order` (back-to-front draw order). */\nfunction compareLayers(a: Sprite2DLayer, b: Sprite2DLayer): number {\n    if (a.order !== b.order) {\n        return a.order - b.order;\n    }\n    return 0;\n}\n\n/** Create a `SpriteRenderer` for `surface`, pre-warming pipelines for the layers' blend\n *  modes. Pass the engine directly for the common single-canvas case (since\n *  `EngineContext extends SurfaceContext`); pass an auxiliary surface created via\n *  `createSurface` for multi-canvas. */\nexport function createSpriteRenderer(surface: SurfaceContext, opts: SpriteRendererOptions): SpriteRenderer {\n    const engine = surface.engine;\n    assertSpriteRendererLayers(opts.layers);\n    const indexBuffer = createMappedBuffer(engine, SHARED_SPRITE_INDEX_DATA, BU.INDEX);\n    const canvas = surface.canvas;\n\n    const layers = opts.layers.slice();\n    const rr: SpriteRenderer = {\n        _kind: KIND,\n        _surface: surface,\n        _indexBuffer: indexBuffer,\n        _pipelineCache: createSpritePipelineCache(),\n        _layerGpu: new Map(),\n        _visibleBundles: [],\n        _targetWidth: canvas.width,\n        _targetHeight: canvas.height,\n        _disposed: false,\n        _clear: opts.clear ?? true,\n        _targetView: null,\n        _beforeUpdate: [],\n        _disposeCallbacks: [],\n        layers,\n        _layers: layers,\n        clearColor: opts.clearValue ?? { r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, a: 1 },\n        _drawCallsPre: 0,\n        _update(): void {\n            spriteRendererUpdate(rr);\n        },\n        _record(): number {\n            return spriteRendererRecord(rr);\n        },\n    };\n\n    // Pre-warm pipelines currently in use, so the first frame doesn't pay compile cost.\n    for (const layer of rr.layers) {\n        getOrCreateSpritePipeline(engine, rr._pipelineCache, surface.format, 1, layer.blendMode, false, false, undefined, undefined, layer);\n    }\n\n    return rr;\n}\n\nfunction assertSpriteRendererLayers(layers: readonly Sprite2DLayer[]): void {\n    for (const layer of layers) {\n        assertSpriteRendererLayer(layer);\n    }\n}\n\nfunction assertSpriteRendererLayer(layer: Sprite2DLayer): void {\n    if (layer.depth !== \"none\") {\n        throw new Error('SpriteRenderer requires depth: \"none\".');\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Per-frame **update** pass (called by the engine before this renderer records its pass).\n * Refreshes target dims (canvas may have resized), sorts `rr.layers` in place by\n * `order` (TimSort is O(n) on already-sorted input — effectively free in steady state),\n * then walks every visible non-empty layer and runs `ensureLayerGpu` + `uploadLayer`.\n * No GPU draw work here — only buffer uploads via `writeBuffer`.\n */\nfunction spriteRendererUpdate(rr: SpriteRenderer): void {\n    if (rr._disposed) {\n        return;\n    }\n    const deltaMs = rr._surface.engine._currentDelta ?? 0;\n    for (const hook of rr._beforeUpdate) {\n        hook(deltaMs);\n    }\n    assertSpriteRendererLayers(rr.layers);\n    const targetSize = getRenderTargetSize(rr._surface);\n    rr._targetWidth = targetSize.width;\n    rr._targetHeight = targetSize.height;\n\n    // Sort layers in place by `order` once per frame. TimSort is O(n) on already-sorted input,\n    // so this is effectively free in the steady state. Documented side-effect on `rr.layers`\n    // (registration order is not the ground truth — `layer.order` is). Skipped for the common\n    // single-layer case to avoid even the comparator-call overhead.\n    if (rr.layers.length > 1) {\n        rr._layers.sort(compareLayers);\n    }\n\n    for (const layer of rr.layers) {\n        if (!layer.visible || layer.count === 0) {\n            continue;\n        }\n        const lg = ensureLayerGpu(rr, layer);\n        uploadLayer(rr, lg, deltaMs);\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Per-frame **record** pass (called by the engine after `_update`).\n * For each visible non-empty layer: builds (or reuses) a `GPURenderBundle` that bakes\n * `setIndexBuffer` + `setPipeline` + `setBindGroup` + `setVertexBuffer` + `drawIndexed`,\n * then queues it for a single `pass.executeBundles(...)` replay. The bundle is the per-frame\n * fast path — it skips Chromium's per-call WebGPU validation and IPC, which dominates\n * CPU cost for static scenes at multi-kHz framerates. Bundle is rebuilt only when\n * `layer.count` changes or the instance buffer was reallocated.\n * Returns one draw call per visible non-empty layer (1000 sprites in a layer = 1 draw\n * call thanks to instancing).\n */\nfunction spriteRendererRecord(rr: SpriteRenderer): number {\n    if (rr._disposed) {\n        return 0;\n    }\n    assertSpriteRendererLayers(rr.layers);\n    const eng = rr._surface.engine;\n    const encoder = eng._currentEncoder;\n    const swapView = rr._targetView ?? eng.scRT._colorView!;\n\n    // Open a sampleCount=1 render pass on the target view (the swapchain by default, or an\n    // offscreen render texture when one is set via setSpriteRendererTarget). This keeps HUD\n    // sprites from resolving a fresh MSAA target over the already-rendered scene.\n    const pass = encoder.beginRenderPass({\n        colorAttachments: [\n            {\n                view: swapView,\n                clearValue: rr.clearColor,\n                loadOp: rr._clear ? \"clear\" : \"load\",\n                storeOp: \"store\",\n            },\n        ],\n    });\n    let drawCalls = 0;\n    const visibleBundles = rr._visibleBundles;\n    visibleBundles.length = 0;\n\n    for (const layer of rr.layers) {\n        if (!layer.visible || layer.count === 0) {\n            continue;\n        }\n        const lg = rr._layerGpu.get(layer);\n        if (!lg) {\n            continue;\n        }\n        const sampleCount = 1;\n        const pipeline = getOrCreateSpritePipeline(\n            rr._surface.engine,\n            rr._pipelineCache,\n            rr._surface.format,\n            sampleCount,\n            layer.blendMode,\n            false,\n            false,\n            undefined,\n            undefined,\n            layer\n        );\n        if (lg.pipeline !== pipeline) {\n            lg.pipeline = pipeline;\n            lg.bindGroup = null;\n            lg.renderBundle = null;\n        }\n        const bg = ensureBindGroup(rr, lg, pipeline);\n        // (Re)record the bundle when count changes (drawIndexed instance count is baked in)\n        // or when ensureLayerGpu reallocated the instance buffer (renderBundle was nulled).\n        if (lg.renderBundle == null || lg.bundleCount !== layer.count) {\n            const be = rr._surface.engine._device.createRenderBundleEncoder({\n                colorFormats: [rr._surface.format],\n                sampleCount,\n            });\n            be.setIndexBuffer(rr._indexBuffer, \"uint16\");\n            be.setPipeline(pipeline);\n            be.setBindGroup(0, bg);\n            be.setVertexBuffer(0, lg.instanceBuffer);\n            be.drawIndexed(6, layer.count, 0, 0, 0);\n            lg.renderBundle = be.finish();\n            lg.bundleCount = layer.count;\n        }\n        visibleBundles.push(lg.renderBundle!);\n        drawCalls++;\n    }\n\n    if (visibleBundles.length > 0) {\n        pass.executeBundles(visibleBundles);\n    }\n    pass.end();\n    return drawCalls;\n}\n\n/** Add a pure-2D layer to the renderer. No-op if the layer is already present. */\nexport function addSpriteRendererLayer(sr: SpriteRenderer, layer: Sprite2DLayer): void {\n    if (sr._disposed) {\n        throw new Error(\"SpriteRenderer has been disposed.\");\n    }\n    assertSpriteRendererLayer(layer);\n    if (sr.layers.includes(layer)) {\n        return;\n    }\n    sr._layers.push(layer);\n    getOrCreateSpritePipeline(sr._surface.engine, sr._pipelineCache, sr._surface.format, 1, layer.blendMode, false);\n}\n\n/** Remove a layer from the renderer and destroy any GPU resources cached for it. */\nexport function removeSpriteRendererLayer(sr: SpriteRenderer, layer: Sprite2DLayer): boolean {\n    const index = sr.layers.indexOf(layer);\n    if (index < 0) {\n        return false;\n    }\n    sr._layers.splice(index, 1);\n    const lg = sr._layerGpu.get(layer);\n    if (lg) {\n        disposeLayerGpu(lg);\n        sr._layerGpu.delete(layer);\n    }\n    return true;\n}\n\n/** Push the renderer onto its engine's `_renderingContexts`. Idempotent — a second call is a no-op. */\nexport function registerSpriteRenderer(sr: SpriteRenderer): void {\n    registerRenderingContext(sr._surface, sr);\n}\n\n/**\n * Redirect a sprite renderer's output to an offscreen render {@link Texture2D} `target` (for\n * render-to-texture / post-processing), or pass `null` to render to the swapchain (the\n * default). Pair with {@link createRenderTexture2D} at its default format and the renderer's\n * target size. The target's texture must be the engine's swapchain format: sprite pipelines\n * are baked with `engine.format`, so a target of any OTHER format fails WebGPU validation at\n * render-pass begin. A second renderer can then sample that texture (e.g. a fullscreen\n * custom-shader layer) and present it. Renderers registered later run later, so register the\n * offscreen scene pass before the presenting pass.\n */\nexport function setSpriteRendererTarget(sr: SpriteRenderer, target: Texture2D | null): void {\n    sr._targetView = target ? target.view : null;\n}\n\n/** Splice the renderer out of its engine's `_renderingContexts`. No-op if not present. */\nexport function unregisterSpriteRenderer(sr: SpriteRenderer): void {\n    unregisterRenderingContext(sr._surface, sr);\n}\n\n/**\n * Destroy all GPU resources owned by the renderer, unregister it from the engine, and clear `layers`.\n * Idempotent. To tie disposal to a scene, call\n * `onSceneDispose(scene, () => disposeSpriteRenderer(sr))` after `registerSpriteRenderer` —\n * see the `SpriteRenderer` doc-comment.\n */\nexport function disposeSpriteRenderer(sr: SpriteRenderer): void {\n    if (sr._disposed) {\n        return;\n    }\n    unregisterSpriteRenderer(sr);\n    sr._disposed = true;\n    const disposeCallbacks = sr._disposeCallbacks.slice();\n    sr._disposeCallbacks.length = 0;\n    for (const dispose of disposeCallbacks) {\n        dispose();\n    }\n    for (const lg of sr._layerGpu.values()) {\n        disposeLayerGpu(lg);\n    }\n    sr._layerGpu.clear();\n    sr._visibleBundles.length = 0;\n    sr._beforeUpdate.length = 0;\n    sr._indexBuffer.destroy();\n    resetSpritePipelineCache(sr._pipelineCache);\n    sr._layers.length = 0;\n}\n\n/** @internal Test-only accessor for pipeline-cache size. */\nexport function _spriteRendererPipelineCacheSize(sr: SpriteRenderer): number {\n    return getSpritePipelineCacheSize(sr._pipelineCache, 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+{"version":3,"file":"sprite-renderer.js","sources":["../../../src/sprite/sprite-renderer.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * `SpriteRenderer` — owns the shared index buffer and per-layer GPU state\n * required to draw `Sprite2DLayer`s. Implements\n * `RenderingContext` directly, so it plugs into `engine._renderingContexts`\n * the same way a `SceneContext` does.\n *\n * Scope:\n *   - Pure-2D / HUD path only — all layers must use `depth: \"none\"`.\n *   - One sprite-pipeline cache per renderer instance, keyed by format,\n *     blend mode, and sample count. The direct HUD path always uses\n *     `sampleCount=1` and `hasDepth=false`.\n *   - The renderer opens a sprite-only swapchain pass using the engine's\n *     current command encoder and swapchain view. Off-screen / HUD-to-texture\n *     rendering is deferred until there is a concrete caller.\n */\nimport { F32 } from \"../engine/typed-arrays.js\";\nimport { BU } from \"../engine/gpu-flags.js\";\nimport { registerRenderingContext, unregisterRenderingContext, getRenderTargetSize } from \"../engine/engine.js\";\nimport type { RenderingContext } from \"../engine/engine.js\";\nimport type { SurfaceContext } from \"../engine/surface.js\";\nimport { createEmptyUniformBuffer, createMappedBuffer } from \"../resource/gpu-buffers.js\";\nimport type { SpriteLayerFx } from \"./custom-shader-core.js\";\nimport { _getSpriteFxHook } from \"./sprite-fx-hook.js\";\nimport type { Sprite2DLayer } from \"./sprite-2d.js\";\nimport type { Texture2D } from \"../texture/texture-2d.js\";\nimport {\n    LAYER_UBO_BYTES,\n    SHARED_SPRITE_INDEX_DATA,\n    buildSpriteLayerUbo,\n    createSpriteInstanceBuffer,\n    createSpriteLayerBindGroup,\n    acquireSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache,\n    ensureSpriteInstanceBuffer,\n    getOrCreateSpritePipeline,\n    getSpritePipelineCacheSize,\n    releaseSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache,\n    uploadSpriteInstances,\n    writeSpriteLayerUboIfDirty,\n} from \"./sprite-pipeline.js\";\nimport type { SpritePipelineCache } from \"./sprite-pipeline.js\";\n\n/** Tag used by the engine and by tests to identify a sprite renderer. */\nconst KIND = \"sprite-renderer\" as const;\n\n/** Options accepted by `createSpriteRenderer`. */\nexport interface SpriteRendererOptions {\n    /** Layers to draw, in registration order. The renderer also re-sorts internally each frame. */\n    layers: readonly Sprite2DLayer[];\n    /** Default true. Set false for HUD overlays so the sprite pass preserves existing scene color. */\n    clear?: boolean;\n    /** Default `{ r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, a: 1 }`. */\n    clearValue?: GPUColorDict;\n}\n\n/**\n * A `SpriteRenderer` — pure data, plugs into `engine._renderingContexts`.\n * Inherits `clearColor`, `_drawCallsPre`, `_update`, `_record` from `RenderingContext`;\n * adds only its discriminator tag and the renderer-owned layer list.\n *\n * **Lifecycle.** A `SpriteRenderer` is independent of any `SceneContext` — it is\n * registered directly on the engine, opens its own sampleCount=1 swapchain pass, and\n * must be disposed by the caller. Two patterns:\n *\n *   1. **Standalone** (no scene, or one or more renderers alongside a scene):\n *      `registerSpriteRenderer` after `createSpriteRenderer`, `disposeSpriteRenderer`\n *      on shutdown. Caller owns the lifetime end-to-end.\n *   2. **HUD-on-3D** (renderer overlaid on a scene): same `register` step,\n *      then tie disposal to the scene with\n *      `onSceneDispose(scene, () => disposeSpriteRenderer(hud))` —\n *      `disposeScene` then cleans it up automatically. Register the renderer\n *      *after* `registerScene` so it draws on top.\n *\n * Scene 52 demonstrates pattern (2). For depth-hosted sprites that should\n * sort against 3D meshes, use `addDepthHostedSpriteLayer(scene, layer)` with\n * a depth-enabled `Sprite2DLayer` instead — that route is fully owned by the scene.\n */\nexport interface SpriteRenderer extends RenderingContext {\n    /** @internal */\n    readonly _kind: typeof KIND;\n    /** Renderer-owned layer membership. Use `addSpriteRendererLayer` / `removeSpriteRendererLayer` to mutate. */\n    readonly layers: readonly Sprite2DLayer[];\n    /** @internal Mutable alias of {@link layers} — same array, used by internal helpers. */\n    _layers: Sprite2DLayer[];\n    /** @internal Surface this renderer draws into. */\n    _surface: SurfaceContext;\n    /** @internal */\n    _indexBuffer: GPUBuffer;\n    /** @internal Reference to the process-wide shared sprite pipeline cache\n     *  (device-keyed). Not owned by this renderer — acquired at create, released\n     *  at dispose; never `reset` per-renderer. */\n    _pipelineCache: SpritePipelineCache;\n    /** @internal */\n    _layerGpu: Map<Sprite2DLayer, LayerGpu>;\n    /** @internal Hooks run at the start of `_update`, before layer uploads. */\n    _beforeUpdate: ((deltaMs: number) => void)[];\n    /** @internal Cleanup callbacks run by `disposeSpriteRenderer`; optional integrations register here. */\n    _disposeCallbacks: (() => void)[];\n    /** @internal */\n    _visibleBundles: GPURenderBundle[];\n    /** @internal Captured each `_update`, read in `_record`. */\n    _targetWidth: number;\n    /** @internal */\n    _targetHeight: number;\n    /** @internal */\n    _disposed: boolean;\n    /** @internal Whether this pass clears the swapchain before drawing. False for HUD overlays. */\n    _clear: boolean;\n    /** @internal Offscreen color-attachment view to render into; null = the swapchain.\n     *  Set via {@link setSpriteRendererTarget} (which takes a {@link Texture2D} target)\n     *  for render-to-texture / post-process. */\n    _targetView: GPUTextureView | null;\n}\n\n/** @internal Per-layer GPU resources owned by the renderer. */\ninterface LayerGpu {\n    layer: Sprite2DLayer;\n    instanceBuffer: GPUBuffer;\n    instanceBufferCapacity: number;\n    uniformBuffer: GPUBuffer;\n    /** Built once per layer; the bind group binds the uniform buffer + atlas texture/sampler,\n     *  none of which change after construction (atlas is `readonly` on the layer; uniform\n     *  buffer is allocated once in `ensureLayerGpu`). Cleared if we ever recreate either. */\n    bindGroup: GPUBindGroup | null;\n    uploadedVersion: number;\n    /** Opaque fx attachment (`SpriteFx` UBO, scratch, elapsed time); non-null only for `customShader` layers. */\n    fx: SpriteLayerFx | null;\n    /** Cached pipeline object. Refreshed when target-defining GPU state resolves to a different pipeline. */\n    pipeline: GPURenderPipeline | null;\n    /** Snapshot of the last UBO bytes written to `uniformBuffer`. We rebuild the UBO into\n     *  `_scratchUbo` each frame, then `writeBuffer` only if the contents actually changed.\n     *  For static scenes (steady-state) this skips one `queue.writeBuffer` per layer per frame. */\n    lastUbo: Float32Array;\n    /** False until the first UBO upload. Forces an unconditional first write so `lastUbo` is real. */\n    uboUploaded: boolean;\n    /** Pre-recorded GPU command bundle: `setIndexBuffer` + `setPipeline` + `setBindGroup` +\n     *  `setVertexBuffer` + `drawIndexed`. Collected into a reused bundle array for\n     *  near-zero per-frame CPU command-recording cost (the big WebGPU win for static scenes —\n     *  see `scene-core.ts._record` for the same pattern). Invalidated when `layer.count` changes\n     *  (the `drawIndexed` instance count is baked into the bundle) or when the instance buffer is\n     *  reallocated by `ensureLayerGpu` (the bundle holds a GPUBuffer reference). The UBO contents\n     *  may freely change frame-to-frame — the bundle binds the buffer *object*, not its bytes. */\n    renderBundle: GPURenderBundle | null;\n    /** `layer.count` value the cached `renderBundle` was recorded against. */\n    bundleCount: number;\n}\n\n/**\n * Lazy GPU-resource provisioner for one layer. On first sight: allocates the per-instance\n * vertex buffer + the 48 B layer UBO and stashes a `LayerGpu` record in `_layerGpu`. On\n * subsequent calls where the layer's CPU `_capacity` outgrew the GPU buffer (after\n * `growCapacity` doubled the array): destroys + reallocates the instance buffer at the\n * new size and forces a full re-upload via `uploadedVersion = -1`. The bind group is\n * left intact — it doesn't reference the instance buffer (vertex buffers are bound\n * separately at draw time), only the uniform buffer + atlas, neither of which moves.\n */\nfunction ensureLayerGpu(rr: SpriteRenderer, layer: Sprite2DLayer): LayerGpu {\n    let lg = rr._layerGpu.get(layer);\n    if (!lg) {\n        const cap = layer._capacity;\n        const instanceBuffer = createSpriteInstanceBuffer(rr._surface.engine._device, layer);\n        const uniformBuffer = createEmptyUniformBuffer(rr._surface.engine, LAYER_UBO_BYTES);\n        const fx = _getSpriteFxHook()?.createLayerFx(rr._surface.engine, \"sprite-layer-fx-ubo\", layer) ?? null;\n        lg = {\n            layer,\n            instanceBuffer,\n            instanceBufferCapacity: cap,\n            uniformBuffer,\n            bindGroup: null,\n            uploadedVersion: -1,\n            fx,\n            pipeline: null,\n            lastUbo: new F32(LAYER_UBO_BYTES / 4),\n            uboUploaded: false,\n            renderBundle: null,\n            bundleCount: -1,\n        };\n        rr._layerGpu.set(layer, lg);\n    }\n    const grown = ensureSpriteInstanceBuffer(rr._surface.engine._device, layer, lg.instanceBuffer, lg.instanceBufferCapacity);\n    if (grown.reallocated) {\n        lg.instanceBuffer = grown.buffer;\n        lg.instanceBufferCapacity = grown.capacity;\n        lg.uploadedVersion = -1;\n        // Bundle baked a reference to the *old* GPUBuffer; the new buffer needs a re-record.\n        lg.renderBundle = null;\n    }\n    return lg;\n}\n\n/** Sync one layer's GPU state to its CPU state — instance vertex data + per-layer UBO.\n *  Both helpers are version-/dirty-gated and skip work in the steady state. */\nfunction uploadLayer(rr: SpriteRenderer, lg: LayerGpu, deltaMs: number): void {\n    const layer = lg.layer;\n    lg.uploadedVersion = uploadSpriteInstances(rr._surface.engine._device, layer, lg.instanceBuffer, lg.uploadedVersion);\n    buildSpriteLayerUbo(layer, rr._targetWidth, rr._targetHeight, _scratchUbo);\n    lg.uboUploaded = writeSpriteLayerUboIfDirty(rr._surface.engine._device, lg.uniformBuffer, _scratchUbo, lg.lastUbo, lg.uboUploaded);\n    if (lg.fx) {\n        _getSpriteFxHook()!.updateFx(lg.fx, layer, deltaMs);\n    }\n}\n\nfunction disposeLayerGpu(lg: LayerGpu): void {\n    lg.instanceBuffer.destroy();\n    lg.uniformBuffer.destroy();\n    if (lg.fx) {\n        _getSpriteFxHook()!.disposeFx(lg.fx);\n    }\n}\n\nconst _scratchUbo = new F32(LAYER_UBO_BYTES / 4);\n\n/**\n * Build (and cache) the bind group that attaches `lg.uniformBuffer` + atlas texture +\n * sampler to the pipeline's sprite `@group(0)` schema. All three resources are immutable for\n * the layer's lifetime, so this runs at most once per layer; subsequent calls return\n * the cached group. The instance buffer is **not** in the bind group — it's a vertex\n * buffer, bound separately at draw time — which is why instance-buffer growth in\n * `ensureLayerGpu` doesn't invalidate this cache.\n */\nfunction ensureBindGroup(rr: SpriteRenderer, lg: LayerGpu, pipeline: GPURenderPipeline): GPUBindGroup {\n    if (lg.bindGroup) {\n        return lg.bindGroup;\n    }\n    lg.bindGroup = createSpriteLayerBindGroup(rr._surface.engine, pipeline, 0, lg.layer, lg.uniformBuffer, lg.fx);\n    return lg.bindGroup;\n}\n\n/** Sort key for layers within a renderer: ascending `order` (back-to-front draw order). */\nfunction compareLayers(a: Sprite2DLayer, b: Sprite2DLayer): number {\n    if (a.order !== b.order) {\n        return a.order - b.order;\n    }\n    return 0;\n}\n\n/** Create a `SpriteRenderer` for `surface`, pre-warming pipelines for the layers' blend\n *  modes. Pass the engine directly for the common single-canvas case (since\n *  `EngineContext extends SurfaceContext`); pass an auxiliary surface created via\n *  `createSurface` for multi-canvas. */\nexport function createSpriteRenderer(surface: SurfaceContext, opts: SpriteRendererOptions): SpriteRenderer {\n    const engine = surface.engine;\n    assertSpriteRendererLayers(opts.layers);\n    const indexBuffer = createMappedBuffer(engine, SHARED_SPRITE_INDEX_DATA, BU.INDEX);\n    const canvas = surface.canvas;\n\n    const layers = opts.layers.slice();\n    const rr: SpriteRenderer = {\n        _kind: KIND,\n        _surface: surface,\n        _indexBuffer: indexBuffer,\n        _pipelineCache: acquireSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache(),\n        _layerGpu: new Map(),\n        _visibleBundles: [],\n        _targetWidth: canvas.width,\n        _targetHeight: canvas.height,\n        _disposed: false,\n        _clear: opts.clear ?? true,\n        _targetView: null,\n        _beforeUpdate: [],\n        _disposeCallbacks: [],\n        layers,\n        _layers: layers,\n        clearColor: opts.clearValue ?? { r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, a: 1 },\n        _drawCallsPre: 0,\n        _update(): void {\n            spriteRendererUpdate(rr);\n        },\n        _record(): number {\n            return spriteRendererRecord(rr);\n        },\n    };\n\n    // Pre-warm pipelines currently in use, so the first frame doesn't pay compile cost.\n    // If pipeline compilation throws here, `rr` is never returned and `disposeSpriteRenderer`\n    // is never called, so unwind the resources we've already acquired (the shared-cache\n    // refcount and the index buffer) to avoid leaking them for the rest of the process.\n    try {\n        for (const layer of rr.layers) {\n            getOrCreateSpritePipeline(engine, rr._pipelineCache, surface.format, 1, layer.blendMode, false, false, undefined, undefined, layer);\n        }\n    } catch (err) {\n        releaseSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache();\n        indexBuffer.destroy();\n        throw err;\n    }\n\n    return rr;\n}\n\nfunction assertSpriteRendererLayers(layers: readonly Sprite2DLayer[]): void {\n    for (const layer of layers) {\n        assertSpriteRendererLayer(layer);\n    }\n}\n\nfunction assertSpriteRendererLayer(layer: Sprite2DLayer): void {\n    if (layer.depth !== \"none\") {\n        throw new Error('SpriteRenderer requires depth: \"none\".');\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Per-frame **update** pass (called by the engine before this renderer records its pass).\n * Refreshes target dims (canvas may have resized), sorts `rr.layers` in place by\n * `order` (TimSort is O(n) on already-sorted input — effectively free in steady state),\n * then walks every visible non-empty layer and runs `ensureLayerGpu` + `uploadLayer`.\n * No GPU draw work here — only buffer uploads via `writeBuffer`.\n */\nfunction spriteRendererUpdate(rr: SpriteRenderer): void {\n    if (rr._disposed) {\n        return;\n    }\n    const deltaMs = rr._surface.engine._currentDelta ?? 0;\n    for (const hook of rr._beforeUpdate) {\n        hook(deltaMs);\n    }\n    assertSpriteRendererLayers(rr.layers);\n    const targetSize = getRenderTargetSize(rr._surface);\n    rr._targetWidth = targetSize.width;\n    rr._targetHeight = targetSize.height;\n\n    // Sort layers in place by `order` once per frame. TimSort is O(n) on already-sorted input,\n    // so this is effectively free in the steady state. Documented side-effect on `rr.layers`\n    // (registration order is not the ground truth — `layer.order` is). Skipped for the common\n    // single-layer case to avoid even the comparator-call overhead.\n    if (rr.layers.length > 1) {\n        rr._layers.sort(compareLayers);\n    }\n\n    for (const layer of rr.layers) {\n        if (!layer.visible || layer.count === 0) {\n            continue;\n        }\n        const lg = ensureLayerGpu(rr, layer);\n        uploadLayer(rr, lg, deltaMs);\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Per-frame **record** pass (called by the engine after `_update`).\n * For each visible non-empty layer: builds (or reuses) a `GPURenderBundle` that bakes\n * `setIndexBuffer` + `setPipeline` + `setBindGroup` + `setVertexBuffer` + `drawIndexed`,\n * then queues it for a single `pass.executeBundles(...)` replay. The bundle is the per-frame\n * fast path — it skips Chromium's per-call WebGPU validation and IPC, which dominates\n * CPU cost for static scenes at multi-kHz framerates. Bundle is rebuilt only when\n * `layer.count` changes or the instance buffer was reallocated.\n * Returns one draw call per visible non-empty layer (1000 sprites in a layer = 1 draw\n * call thanks to instancing).\n */\nfunction spriteRendererRecord(rr: SpriteRenderer): number {\n    if (rr._disposed) {\n        return 0;\n    }\n    assertSpriteRendererLayers(rr.layers);\n    const eng = rr._surface.engine;\n    const encoder = eng._currentEncoder;\n    const swapView = rr._targetView ?? rr._surface.scRT._colorView!;\n\n    // Open a sampleCount=1 render pass on the target view (the swapchain by default, or an\n    // offscreen render texture when one is set via setSpriteRendererTarget). This keeps HUD\n    // sprites from resolving a fresh MSAA target over the already-rendered scene.\n    const pass = encoder.beginRenderPass({\n        colorAttachments: [\n            {\n                view: swapView,\n                clearValue: rr.clearColor,\n                loadOp: rr._clear ? \"clear\" : \"load\",\n                storeOp: \"store\",\n            },\n        ],\n    });\n    let drawCalls = 0;\n    const visibleBundles = rr._visibleBundles;\n    visibleBundles.length = 0;\n\n    for (const layer of rr.layers) {\n        if (!layer.visible || layer.count === 0) {\n            continue;\n        }\n        const lg = rr._layerGpu.get(layer);\n        if (!lg) {\n            continue;\n        }\n        const sampleCount = 1;\n        const pipeline = getOrCreateSpritePipeline(\n            rr._surface.engine,\n            rr._pipelineCache,\n            rr._surface.format,\n            sampleCount,\n            layer.blendMode,\n            false,\n            false,\n            undefined,\n            undefined,\n            layer\n        );\n        if (lg.pipeline !== pipeline) {\n            lg.pipeline = pipeline;\n            lg.bindGroup = null;\n            lg.renderBundle = null;\n        }\n        const bg = ensureBindGroup(rr, lg, pipeline);\n        // (Re)record the bundle when count changes (drawIndexed instance count is baked in)\n        // or when ensureLayerGpu reallocated the instance buffer (renderBundle was nulled).\n        if (lg.renderBundle == null || lg.bundleCount !== layer.count) {\n            const be = rr._surface.engine._device.createRenderBundleEncoder({\n                colorFormats: [rr._surface.format],\n                sampleCount,\n            });\n            be.setIndexBuffer(rr._indexBuffer, \"uint16\");\n            be.setPipeline(pipeline);\n            be.setBindGroup(0, bg);\n            be.setVertexBuffer(0, lg.instanceBuffer);\n            be.drawIndexed(6, layer.count, 0, 0, 0);\n            lg.renderBundle = be.finish();\n            lg.bundleCount = layer.count;\n        }\n        visibleBundles.push(lg.renderBundle!);\n        drawCalls++;\n    }\n\n    if (visibleBundles.length > 0) {\n        pass.executeBundles(visibleBundles);\n    }\n    pass.end();\n    return drawCalls;\n}\n\n/** Add a pure-2D layer to the renderer. No-op if the layer is already present. */\nexport function addSpriteRendererLayer(sr: SpriteRenderer, layer: Sprite2DLayer): void {\n    if (sr._disposed) {\n        throw new Error(\"SpriteRenderer has been disposed.\");\n    }\n    assertSpriteRendererLayer(layer);\n    if (sr.layers.includes(layer)) {\n        return;\n    }\n    sr._layers.push(layer);\n    getOrCreateSpritePipeline(sr._surface.engine, sr._pipelineCache, sr._surface.format, 1, layer.blendMode, false);\n}\n\n/** Remove a layer from the renderer and destroy any GPU resources cached for it. */\nexport function removeSpriteRendererLayer(sr: SpriteRenderer, layer: Sprite2DLayer): boolean {\n    const index = sr.layers.indexOf(layer);\n    if (index < 0) {\n        return false;\n    }\n    sr._layers.splice(index, 1);\n    const lg = sr._layerGpu.get(layer);\n    if (lg) {\n        disposeLayerGpu(lg);\n        sr._layerGpu.delete(layer);\n    }\n    return true;\n}\n\n/** Push the renderer onto its engine's `_renderingContexts`. Idempotent — a second call is a no-op. */\nexport function registerSpriteRenderer(sr: SpriteRenderer): void {\n    registerRenderingContext(sr._surface, sr);\n}\n\n/**\n * Redirect a sprite renderer's output to an offscreen render {@link Texture2D} `target` (for\n * render-to-texture / post-processing), or pass `null` to render to the swapchain (the\n * default). Pair with {@link createRenderTexture2D} at its default format and the renderer's\n * target size. The target's texture must be the engine's swapchain format: sprite pipelines\n * are baked with `engine.format`, so a target of any OTHER format fails WebGPU validation at\n * render-pass begin. A second renderer can then sample that texture (e.g. a fullscreen\n * custom-shader layer) and present it. Renderers registered later run later, so register the\n * offscreen scene pass before the presenting pass.\n */\nexport function setSpriteRendererTarget(sr: SpriteRenderer, target: Texture2D | null): void {\n    sr._targetView = target ? target.view : null;\n}\n\n/** Splice the renderer out of its engine's `_renderingContexts`. No-op if not present. */\nexport function unregisterSpriteRenderer(sr: SpriteRenderer): void {\n    unregisterRenderingContext(sr._surface, sr);\n}\n\n/**\n * Destroy all GPU resources owned by the renderer, unregister it from the engine, and clear `layers`.\n * Idempotent. To tie disposal to a scene, call\n * `onSceneDispose(scene, () => disposeSpriteRenderer(sr))` after `registerSpriteRenderer` —\n * see the `SpriteRenderer` doc-comment.\n */\nexport function disposeSpriteRenderer(sr: SpriteRenderer): void {\n    if (sr._disposed) {\n        return;\n    }\n    unregisterSpriteRenderer(sr);\n    sr._disposed = true;\n    const disposeCallbacks = sr._disposeCallbacks.slice();\n    sr._disposeCallbacks.length = 0;\n    for (const dispose of disposeCallbacks) {\n        dispose();\n    }\n    for (const lg of sr._layerGpu.values()) {\n        disposeLayerGpu(lg);\n    }\n    sr._layerGpu.clear();\n    sr._visibleBundles.length = 0;\n    sr._beforeUpdate.length = 0;\n    sr._indexBuffer.destroy();\n    // Release our refcount on the process-wide shared pipeline cache instead of\n    // clearing it — other live `SpriteRenderer`s on this device still need the\n    // compiled pipelines. The cache is cleared only when the last renderer is\n    // disposed (refcount hits 0).\n    releaseSharedSpriteRendererPipelineCache();\n    sr._layers.length = 0;\n}\n\n/** @internal Test-only accessor for pipeline-cache size. */\nexport function _spriteRendererPipelineCacheSize(sr: SpriteRenderer): number {\n    return getSpritePipelineCacheSize(sr._pipelineCache, 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package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@babylonjs/lite",
-  "version": "1.9.0",
+  "version": "1.10.0",
   "description": "A lightweight, tree-shakable, WebGPU-first rendering library derived from Babylon.js.",
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
   "homepage": "https://doc.babylonjs.com/lite/",
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
     }
   },
   "babylonLiteRelease": {
-    "azureBuildId": "56026",
-    "sourceVersion": "da4d41119ede97c25b437a49e18074fe2d86a181"
+    "azureBuildId": "56098",
+    "sourceVersion": "2e50a77046ec4b4891791e7ef31834e1543aaf09"
   }
 }