@babylonjs/lite 1.5.0 → 1.6.0

package/lib/sprite/billboard-custom-shader.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"billboard-custom-shader.js","sources":["../../../src/sprite/billboard-custom-shader.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * Optional, tree-shakable custom-shader hook for `*BillboardSpriteSystem`.\n *\n * The default billboard pipeline bakes a fixed fragment (sample × tint, with an optional cutout\n * discard). Some scenes need a different per-fragment treatment — palette-indexed sampling,\n * COLORMAP light banding, toon shading, custom fog — and/or extra texture bindings beyond the\n * atlas. This module lets a caller supply a WGSL fragment body plus extra textures while the\n * billboard system keeps full ownership of geometry, instancing, sorting, and depth.\n *\n * Tree-shaking contract: the default billboard path never imports this module.\n * `billboard-pipeline.ts` only reaches the custom composer through the opaque object a caller\n * builds here via `createBillboardCustomShader`, so a scene that uses only stock billboards\n * pays zero bytes for this code.\n *\n * WGSL contract for the supplied `fragment` body:\n *   - Receives `in: VOut` with: `uv: vec2<f32>`, `tint: vec4<f32>` (the per-sprite `color`),\n *     `viewDist: f32` (distance from the camera to the sprite anchor in world units, constant\n *     across the quad), `vWorldPos: vec3<f32>` (this fragment's world position).\n *   - Has access to `atlasTex` / `atlasSamp` (the system atlas at group 1, bindings 1/2), each\n *     extra texture as `<name>Tex` / `<name>Samp`, the `fx` UBO (`fx.time`, `fx.params`), and\n *     the `billboards` system UBO (e.g. `billboards.opacityMul`).\n *   - Must `return vec4<f32>(...)` (and may `discard`). No automatic cutout is injected — the\n *     body owns all alpha handling.\n */\nimport { SCENE_UBO_WGSL } from \"../shader/scene-uniforms.js\";\nimport type { EngineContext } from \"../engine/engine.js\";\nimport type { BillboardDepthMode, BillboardOrientation } from \"./billboard-sprite.js\";\nimport { makeBillboardBasisWgsl } from \"./billboard-pipeline.js\";\nimport type { CustomShaderTexture, SpriteLayerFx } from \"./custom-shader-core.js\";\nimport {\n    createSpriteLayerFx,\n    EMPTY_PARAMS,\n    makeCustomShaderLayoutEntries,\n    makeExtraBindingsWgsl,\n    makeFxStructWgsl,\n    makeShaderModuleCache,\n    nextCustomShaderKey,\n    validateExtraTextureNames,\n} from \"./custom-shader-core.js\";\nimport type { BillboardFxHook } from \"./sprite-fx-hook.js\";\nimport { _registerBillboardFxHook } from \"./sprite-fx-hook.js\";\n\n/** One extra texture bound after the atlas (group 1, bindings 3, 5, 7, …). */\nexport type BillboardCustomTexture = CustomShaderTexture;\n\n/** Options for {@link createBillboardCustomShader}. */\nexport interface BillboardCustomShaderOptions {\n    /** WGSL fragment body. See the module docs for the in-scope identifiers. */\n    readonly fragment: string;\n    /** Extra textures, in binding order. Each contributes a `texture_2d` + `sampler`. */\n    readonly extraTextures?: readonly BillboardCustomTexture[];\n}\n\n/** Opaque custom-shader descriptor produced by {@link createBillboardCustomShader}. */\nexport interface BillboardCustomShader {\n    /** @internal */\n    readonly _entityType: \"billboard-custom-shader\";\n    /** @internal Extra textures bound after the atlas. */\n    readonly _extraTextures: readonly BillboardCustomTexture[];\n    /** @internal Pipeline/shader-module cache discriminator. */\n    readonly _key: string;\n    /** @internal Builds the full WGSL for the given orientation (depth mode is irrelevant — the body owns alpha). */\n    readonly _composeWgsl: (orientation: BillboardOrientation, depthMode: BillboardDepthMode) => string;\n    /** @internal Compile + cache the `GPUShaderModule` for an orientation (owns its per-device cache). */\n    readonly _getShaderModule: (engine: EngineContext, orientation: BillboardOrientation, depthMode: BillboardDepthMode) => GPUShaderModule;\n    /** @internal Extra-texture + fx UBO bind-group **layout** entries, starting at `startBinding` (3). */\n    readonly _layoutEntries: (startBinding: number) => GPUBindGroupLayoutEntry[];\n    /** @internal Build the opaque per-system fx attachment (owns the `SpriteFx` UBO, scratch, and elapsed time). */\n    readonly _createLayerFx: (engine: EngineContext, label: string) => SpriteLayerFx;\n}\n\nfunction makeCustomBillboardWgsl(orientation: BillboardOrientation, extraTextures: readonly BillboardCustomTexture[], fragment: string): string {\n    const fxBinding = 3 + extraTextures.length * 2;\n    return `${SCENE_UBO_WGSL}\nstruct BillboardSystem {\nopacityMul: vec4<f32>,\naxisAndCutoff: vec4<f32>,\n};\n@group(1) @binding(0) var<uniform> billboards: BillboardSystem;\n@group(1) @binding(1) var atlasTex: texture_2d<f32>;\n@group(1) @binding(2) var atlasSamp: sampler;\n${makeExtraBindingsWgsl(1, 3, extraTextures)}${makeFxStructWgsl(1, fxBinding)}\n${makeBillboardBasisWgsl(orientation)}\nstruct VIn {\n@builtin(vertex_index) vid: u32,\n@location(0) iPos: vec3<f32>,\n@location(1) iSize: vec2<f32>,\n@location(2) iUvMin: vec2<f32>,\n@location(3) iUvMax: vec2<f32>,\n@location(4) iRot: f32,\n@location(5) iPivot: vec2<f32>,\n@location(6) iColor: vec4<f32>,\n};\nstruct VOut {\n@builtin(position) pos: vec4<f32>,\n@location(0) uv: vec2<f32>,\n@location(1) tint: vec4<f32>,\n@location(2) viewDist: f32,\n@location(3) vWorldPos: vec3<f32>,\n};\n@vertex\nfn vs(in: VIn) -> VOut {\nlet corner = vec2<f32>(select(0.0, 1.0, in.vid == 1u || in.vid == 2u), select(0.0, 1.0, in.vid >= 2u));\nlet local = (corner - in.iPivot) * in.iSize;\nlet cosRot = cos(in.iRot);\nlet sinRot = sin(in.iRot);\nlet rotated = vec2<f32>(local.x * cosRot - local.y * sinRot, local.x * sinRot + local.y * cosRot);\nlet basis = getBillboardBasis(in.iPos);\nlet worldPos = in.iPos + basis.right * rotated.x + basis.up * rotated.y;\nvar out: VOut;\nout.pos = scene.viewProjection * vec4<f32>(worldPos, 1.0);\nout.uv = mix(in.iUvMin, in.iUvMax, corner);\nout.tint = in.iColor;\nlet viewCenter = scene.view * vec4<f32>(in.iPos, 1.0);\nout.viewDist = length(viewCenter.xyz);\nout.vWorldPos = worldPos;\nreturn out;\n}\n@fragment\nfn fs(in: VOut) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {\n${fragment}\n}`;\n}\n\n/**\n * The billboard custom-shader hook implementation. Lives only in this (tree-shaken) module, so the\n * always-loaded billboard path never names `_customShader` / `shaderParams`. 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+{"version":3,"file":"billboard-custom-shader.js","sources":["../../../src/sprite/billboard-custom-shader.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * Optional, tree-shakable custom-shader hook for `*BillboardSpriteSystem`.\n *\n * The default billboard pipeline bakes a fixed fragment (sample × tint, with an optional cutout\n * discard). Some scenes need a different per-fragment treatment — palette-indexed sampling,\n * COLORMAP light banding, toon shading, custom fog — and/or extra texture bindings beyond the\n * atlas. This module lets a caller supply a WGSL fragment body plus extra textures while the\n * billboard system keeps full ownership of geometry, instancing, sorting, and depth.\n *\n * Tree-shaking contract: the default billboard path never imports this module.\n * `billboard-pipeline.ts` only reaches the custom composer through the opaque object a caller\n * builds here via `createBillboardCustomShader`, so a scene that uses only stock billboards\n * pays zero bytes for this code.\n *\n * WGSL contract for the supplied `fragment` body:\n *   - Receives `in: VOut` with: `uv: vec2<f32>`, `tint: vec4<f32>` (the per-sprite `color`),\n *     `viewDist: f32` (distance from the camera to the sprite anchor in world units, constant\n *     across the quad), `vWorldPos: vec3<f32>` (this fragment's world position).\n *   - Has access to `atlasTex` / `atlasSamp` (the system atlas at group 1, bindings 1/2), each\n *     extra texture as `<name>Tex` / `<name>Samp`, the `fx` UBO (`fx.time`, `fx.params`), and\n *     the `billboards` system UBO (e.g. `billboards.opacityMul`).\n *   - Must `return vec4<f32>(...)` (and may `discard`). No automatic cutout is injected — the\n *     body owns all alpha handling.\n */\nimport { SCENE_UBO_WGSL } from \"../shader/scene-uniforms.js\";\nimport type { EngineContext } from \"../engine/engine.js\";\nimport type { BillboardDepthMode, BillboardOrientation } from \"./billboard-sprite.js\";\nimport { makeBillboardBasisWgsl } from \"./billboard-pipeline.js\";\nimport type { CustomShaderTexture, SpriteLayerFx } from \"./custom-shader-core.js\";\nimport {\n    createSpriteLayerFx,\n    EMPTY_PARAMS,\n    makeCustomShaderLayoutEntries,\n    makeExtraBindingsWgsl,\n    makeFxStructWgsl,\n    makeShaderModuleCache,\n    nextCustomShaderKey,\n    validateExtraTextureNames,\n} from \"./custom-shader-core.js\";\nimport type { BillboardFxHook } from \"./sprite-fx-hook.js\";\nimport { _registerBillboardFxHook } from \"./sprite-fx-hook.js\";\n\n/** One extra texture bound after the atlas (group 1, bindings 3, 5, 7, …). */\nexport type BillboardCustomTexture = CustomShaderTexture;\n\n/** Options for {@link createBillboardCustomShader}. */\nexport interface BillboardCustomShaderOptions {\n    /** WGSL fragment body. See the module docs for the in-scope identifiers. */\n    readonly fragment: string;\n    /** Extra textures, in binding order. Each contributes a `texture_2d` + `sampler`. */\n    readonly extraTextures?: readonly BillboardCustomTexture[];\n}\n\n/** Opaque custom-shader descriptor produced by {@link createBillboardCustomShader}. */\nexport interface BillboardCustomShader {\n    /** @internal */\n    readonly _entityType: \"billboard-custom-shader\";\n    /** @internal Extra textures bound after the atlas. */\n    readonly _extraTextures: readonly BillboardCustomTexture[];\n    /** @internal Pipeline/shader-module cache discriminator. */\n    readonly _key: string;\n    /** @internal Builds the full WGSL for the given orientation (depth mode is irrelevant — the body owns alpha). */\n    readonly _composeWgsl: (orientation: BillboardOrientation, depthMode: BillboardDepthMode) => string;\n    /** @internal Compile + cache the `GPUShaderModule` for an orientation (owns its per-device cache). */\n    readonly _getShaderModule: (engine: EngineContext, orientation: BillboardOrientation, depthMode: BillboardDepthMode) => GPUShaderModule;\n    /** @internal Extra-texture + fx UBO bind-group **layout** entries, starting at `startBinding` (3). */\n    readonly _layoutEntries: (startBinding: number) => GPUBindGroupLayoutEntry[];\n    /** @internal Build the opaque per-system fx attachment (owns the `SpriteFx` UBO, scratch, and elapsed time). */\n    readonly _createLayerFx: (engine: EngineContext, label: string) => SpriteLayerFx;\n}\n\nfunction makeCustomBillboardWgsl(orientation: BillboardOrientation, extraTextures: readonly BillboardCustomTexture[], fragment: string): string {\n    const fxBinding = 3 + extraTextures.length * 2;\n    return `${SCENE_UBO_WGSL}\nstruct S {\nopacityMul: vec4f,\naxisAndCutoff: vec4f,\n};\n@group(1) @binding(0) var<uniform> billboards: S;\n@group(1) @binding(1) var atlasTex: texture_2d<f32>;\n@group(1) @binding(2) var atlasSamp: sampler;\n${makeExtraBindingsWgsl(1, 3, extraTextures)}${makeFxStructWgsl(1, fxBinding)}\n${makeBillboardBasisWgsl(orientation)}\nstruct I {\n@builtin(vertex_index) vid: u32,\n@location(0) p: vec3f,\n@location(1) s: vec2f,\n@location(2) a: vec2f,\n@location(3) b: vec2f,\n@location(4) r: f32,\n@location(5) o: vec2f,\n@location(6) c: vec4f,\n};\nstruct O {\n@builtin(position) p: vec4f,\n@location(0) uv: vec2f,\n@location(1) tint: vec4f,\n@location(2) viewDist: f32,\n@location(3) vWorldPos: vec3f,\n};\n@vertex\nfn vs(in: I) -> O {\nlet q = vec2f(select(0.0, 1.0, in.vid == 1u || in.vid == 2u), select(0.0, 1.0, in.vid >= 2u));\nlet l = (q - in.o) * in.s;\nlet cr = cos(in.r);\nlet sr = sin(in.r);\nlet r = vec2f(l.x * cr - l.y * sr, l.x * sr + l.y * cr);\nlet b = basis(in.p);\nlet wp = in.p + b.r * r.x + b.u * r.y;\nvar out: O;\nout.p = scene.viewProjection * vec4f(wp, 1);\nout.uv = mix(in.a, in.b, q);\nout.tint = in.c;\nlet viewCenter = scene.view * vec4f(in.p, 1);\nout.viewDist = length(viewCenter.xyz);\nout.vWorldPos = wp;\nreturn out;\n}\n@fragment\nfn fs(in: O) -> @location(0) vec4f {\n${fragment}\n}`;\n}\n\n/**\n * The billboard custom-shader hook implementation. Lives only in this (tree-shaken) module, so the\n * always-loaded billboard path never names `_customShader` / `shaderParams`. Reads both off the\n * opaque `system` and delegates to the descriptor's underscore-prefixed (mangled) methods.\n */\nconst BILLBOARD_FX_HOOK: BillboardFxHook = {\n    initSystem(system, opts) {\n        const customShader = opts.customShader;\n        if (customShader) {\n            (system as { _customShader?: BillboardCustomShader })._customShader = customShader;\n            system.shaderParams = [0, 0, 0, 0];\n        }\n    },\n    pipelineKeyPart(system) {\n        return system._customShader?._key ?? \"\";\n    },\n    shaderModule(engine, system) {\n        return system._customShader?._getShaderModule(engine, system._orientation, system._depthMode) ?? null;\n    },\n    layoutEntries(system, startBinding) {\n        return system._customShader?._layoutEntries(startBinding) ?? null;\n    },\n    createLayerFx(engine, label, system) {\n        return system._customShader?._createLayerFx(engine, label) ?? null;\n    },\n    updateFx(fx, system, deltaMs) {\n        fx.update(system.shaderParams ?? EMPTY_PARAMS, deltaMs);\n    },\n    bindEntries(fx, startBinding) {\n        return fx.bindEntries(startBinding);\n    },\n    disposeFx(fx) {\n        fx.destroy();\n    },\n};\n\n/**\n * Build a custom-shader descriptor to pass as `customShader` when creating a billboard system.\n * The descriptor is opaque; the pipeline consumes it lazily.\n */\nexport function createBillboardCustomShader(options: BillboardCustomShaderOptions): BillboardCustomShader {\n    _registerBillboardFxHook(BILLBOARD_FX_HOOK);\n    const fragment = options.fragment;\n    if (typeof fragment !== \"string\" || fragment.trim().length === 0) {\n        throw new Error(\"createBillboardCustomShader: `fragment` must be a non-empty WGSL string.\");\n    }\n    const extraTextures = options.extraTextures ?? 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package/lib/sprite/billboard-pipeline.js

@@ -24,89 +24,87 @@ function getDepthModeEntry(depthMode) {
 function makeBillboardBasisWgsl(orientation) {
   switch (orientation) {
     case "facing":
-      return `struct BillboardBasis {
-right: vec3<f32>,
-up: vec3<f32>,
+      return `struct B {
+r: vec3f,
+u: vec3f,
 };
-fn getBillboardBasis(_anchor: vec3<f32>) -> BillboardBasis {
-let cameraRight = normalize(vec3<f32>(scene.view[0][0], scene.view[1][0], scene.view[2][0]));
-let cameraUp = normalize(vec3<f32>(scene.view[0][1], scene.view[1][1], scene.view[2][1]));
-return BillboardBasis(cameraRight, -cameraUp);
+fn basis(_a: vec3f) -> B {
+let r = normalize(vec3f(scene.view[0][0], scene.view[1][0], scene.view[2][0]));
+let u = normalize(vec3f(scene.view[0][1], scene.view[1][1], scene.view[2][1]));
+return B(r, -u);
 }`;
     case "axis-locked":
-      return `struct BillboardBasis {
-right: vec3<f32>,
-up: vec3<f32>,
+      return `struct B {
+r: vec3f,
+u: vec3f,
 };
-fn getBillboardBasis(_anchor: vec3<f32>) -> BillboardBasis {
-let lockAxis = normalize(billboards.axisAndCutoff.xyz);
-let cameraRight = normalize(vec3<f32>(scene.view[0][0], scene.view[1][0], scene.view[2][0]));
-let projectedRight = cameraRight - lockAxis * dot(cameraRight, lockAxis);
-let projectedRightLen = length(projectedRight);
-let safeProjectedRightLen = max(projectedRightLen, 1e-4);
-let fallbackSeed = select(vec3<f32>(0.0, 0.0, 1.0), vec3<f32>(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), abs(lockAxis.z) > 0.999);
-let fallbackRightRaw = cross(lockAxis, fallbackSeed);
-let fallbackRight = fallbackRightRaw / max(length(fallbackRightRaw), 1e-4);
-let right = select(fallbackRight, projectedRight / safeProjectedRightLen, projectedRightLen > 1e-4);
-return BillboardBasis(right, -lockAxis);
+fn basis(_a: vec3f) -> B {
+let a = normalize(billboards.axisAndCutoff.xyz);
+let cr = normalize(vec3f(scene.view[0][0], scene.view[1][0], scene.view[2][0]));
+let pr = cr - a * dot(cr, a);
+let pl = length(pr);
+let f = select(vec3f(0, 0, 1), vec3f(1, 0, 0), abs(a.z) > 0.999);
+let fr = cross(a, f);
+let r = select(fr / max(length(fr), 1e-4), pr / max(pl, 1e-4), pl > 1e-4);
+return B(r, -a);
 }`;
   }
 }
 function makeBillboardFragmentWgsl(depthMode) {
   if (depthMode === "cutout") {
     return `@fragment
-fn fs(in: VOut) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
-let sampleColor = textureSample(atlasTex, atlasSamp, in.uv);
-if (sampleColor.a < billboards.axisAndCutoff.w) {
+fn fs(in: O) -> @location(0) vec4f {
+let s = textureSample(atlasTex, atlasSamp, in.uv);
+if (s.a < billboards.axisAndCutoff.w) {
 discard;
 }
-return sampleColor * in.tint * billboards.opacityMul;
+return s * in.tint * billboards.opacityMul;
 }`;
   }
   return `@fragment
-fn fs(in: VOut) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
-let sampleColor = textureSample(atlasTex, atlasSamp, in.uv);
-return sampleColor * in.tint * billboards.opacityMul;
+fn fs(in: O) -> @location(0) vec4f {
+let s = textureSample(atlasTex, atlasSamp, in.uv);
+return s * in.tint * billboards.opacityMul;
 }`;
 }
 function makeBillboardWgsl(orientation, depthMode) {
   return `${SCENE_UBO_WGSL}
-struct BillboardSystem {
-opacityMul: vec4<f32>,
-axisAndCutoff: vec4<f32>,
+struct S {
+opacityMul: vec4f,
+axisAndCutoff: vec4f,
 };
-@group(1) @binding(0) var<uniform> billboards: BillboardSystem;
+@group(1) @binding(0) var<uniform> billboards: S;
 @group(1) @binding(1) var atlasTex: texture_2d<f32>;
 @group(1) @binding(2) var atlasSamp: sampler;
 ${makeBillboardBasisWgsl(orientation)}
-struct VIn {
+struct I {
 @builtin(vertex_index) vid: u32,
-@location(0) iPos: vec3<f32>,
-@location(1) iSize: vec2<f32>,
-@location(2) iUvMin: vec2<f32>,
-@location(3) iUvMax: vec2<f32>,
-@location(4) iRot: f32,
-@location(5) iPivot: vec2<f32>,
-@location(6) iColor: vec4<f32>,
+@location(0) p: vec3f,
+@location(1) s: vec2f,
+@location(2) a: vec2f,
+@location(3) b: vec2f,
+@location(4) r: f32,
+@location(5) o: vec2f,
+@location(6) c: vec4f,
 };
-struct VOut {
-@builtin(position) pos: vec4<f32>,
-@location(0) uv: vec2<f32>,
-@location(1) tint: vec4<f32>,
+struct O {
+@builtin(position) p: vec4f,
+@location(0) uv: vec2f,
+@location(1) tint: vec4f,
 };
 @vertex
-fn vs(in: VIn) -> VOut {
-let corner = vec2<f32>(select(0.0, 1.0, in.vid == 1u || in.vid == 2u), select(0.0, 1.0, in.vid >= 2u));
-let local = (corner - in.iPivot) * in.iSize;
-let cosRot = cos(in.iRot);
-let sinRot = sin(in.iRot);
-let rotated = vec2<f32>(local.x * cosRot - local.y * sinRot, local.x * sinRot + local.y * cosRot);
-let basis = getBillboardBasis(in.iPos);
-let worldPos = in.iPos + basis.right * rotated.x + basis.up * rotated.y;
-var out: VOut;
-out.pos = scene.viewProjection * vec4<f32>(worldPos, 1.0);
-out.uv = mix(in.iUvMin, in.iUvMax, corner);
-out.tint = in.iColor;
+fn vs(in: I) -> O {
+let q = vec2f(select(0.0, 1.0, in.vid == 1u || in.vid == 2u), select(0.0, 1.0, in.vid >= 2u));
+let l = (q - in.o) * in.s;
+let cr = cos(in.r);
+let sr = sin(in.r);
+let r = vec2f(l.x * cr - l.y * sr, l.x * sr + l.y * cr);
+let b = basis(in.p);
+let wp = in.p + b.r * r.x + b.u * r.y;
+var out: O;
+out.p = scene.viewProjection * vec4f(wp, 1);
+out.uv = mix(in.a, in.b, q);
+out.tint = in.c;
 return out;
 }
 ${makeBillboardFragmentWgsl(depthMode)}`;

package/lib/sprite/billboard-pipeline.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"billboard-pipeline.js","sources":["../../../src/sprite/billboard-pipeline.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import { F32, U32, U16 } from \"../engine/typed-arrays.js\";\nimport { BU, SS, CW } from \"../engine/gpu-flags.js\";\nimport type { EngineContext } from \"../engine/engine.js\";\nimport type { Mat4 } from \"../math/types.js\";\nimport { SCENE_UBO_WGSL } from \"../shader/scene-uniforms.js\";\nimport type { BillboardDepthMode, BillboardOrientation, BillboardSpriteSystem } from \"./billboard-sprite.js\";\nimport type { SpriteLayerFx } from \"./custom-shader-core.js\";\nimport { _getBillboardFxHook } from \"./sprite-fx-hook.js\";\nimport { BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE, BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES } from \"./billboard-sprite.js\";\n\nexport interface BillboardPipelineDeviceCache {\n    /** @internal */\n    _shaderModules: Map<string, GPUShaderModule>;\n    /** @internal */\n    _pipelines: Map<string, GPURenderPipeline>;\n}\n\nexport interface BillboardPipelineCache {\n    /** @internal */\n    _devices: WeakMap<GPUDevice, BillboardPipelineDeviceCache>;\n}\n\nconst DEPTH_MODE_TABLE: Readonly<Record<BillboardDepthMode, { index: number; writeEnabled: boolean }>> = {\n    transparent: { index: 0, writeEnabled: false },\n    cutout: { index: 1, writeEnabled: true },\n};\n\nconst BILLBOARD_POSITION_OFFSET_BYTES = 0;\nconst BILLBOARD_SIZE_OFFSET_BYTES = 12;\nconst BILLBOARD_UV_MIN_OFFSET_BYTES = 20;\nconst BILLBOARD_UV_MAX_OFFSET_BYTES = 28;\nconst BILLBOARD_ROTATION_OFFSET_BYTES = 36;\nconst BILLBOARD_PIVOT_OFFSET_BYTES = 40;\nconst BILLBOARD_COLOR_OFFSET_BYTES = 48;\n\nexport const BILLBOARD_SYSTEM_UBO_BYTES = 32;\nconst BILLBOARD_SYSTEM_UBO_FLOATS = BILLBOARD_SYSTEM_UBO_BYTES / 4;\nexport const BILLBOARD_INDEX_DATA: Readonly<Uint16Array> = new U16([0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3]);\n\nexport interface BillboardInstanceSortScratch {\n    /** @internal */\n    _capacity: number;\n    /** @internal */\n    _sortedInstanceData: Float32Array;\n    /** @internal */\n    _sortIndices: Uint32Array;\n    /** @internal */\n    _sortDepths: Float32Array;\n}\n\nfunction getDepthModeEntry(depthMode: BillboardDepthMode): (typeof DEPTH_MODE_TABLE)[BillboardDepthMode] {\n    return DEPTH_MODE_TABLE[depthMode];\n}\n\n/** @internal Shared by the optional billboard custom-shader composer. */\nexport function makeBillboardBasisWgsl(orientation: BillboardOrientation): string {\n    switch (orientation) {\n        case \"facing\":\n            return `struct BillboardBasis {\nright: vec3<f32>,\nup: vec3<f32>,\n};\nfn getBillboardBasis(_anchor: vec3<f32>) -> BillboardBasis {\nlet cameraRight = normalize(vec3<f32>(scene.view[0][0], scene.view[1][0], scene.view[2][0]));\nlet cameraUp = normalize(vec3<f32>(scene.view[0][1], scene.view[1][1], scene.view[2][1]));\nreturn BillboardBasis(cameraRight, -cameraUp);\n}`;\n        case \"axis-locked\":\n            return `struct BillboardBasis {\nright: vec3<f32>,\nup: vec3<f32>,\n};\nfn getBillboardBasis(_anchor: vec3<f32>) -> BillboardBasis {\nlet lockAxis = normalize(billboards.axisAndCutoff.xyz);\nlet cameraRight = normalize(vec3<f32>(scene.view[0][0], scene.view[1][0], scene.view[2][0]));\nlet projectedRight = cameraRight - lockAxis * dot(cameraRight, lockAxis);\nlet projectedRightLen = length(projectedRight);\nlet safeProjectedRightLen = max(projectedRightLen, 1e-4);\nlet fallbackSeed = select(vec3<f32>(0.0, 0.0, 1.0), vec3<f32>(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), abs(lockAxis.z) > 0.999);\nlet fallbackRightRaw = cross(lockAxis, fallbackSeed);\nlet fallbackRight = fallbackRightRaw / max(length(fallbackRightRaw), 1e-4);\nlet right = select(fallbackRight, projectedRight / safeProjectedRightLen, projectedRightLen > 1e-4);\nreturn BillboardBasis(right, -lockAxis);\n}`;\n    }\n}\n\nfunction makeBillboardFragmentWgsl(depthMode: BillboardDepthMode): string {\n    if (depthMode === \"cutout\") {\n        return `@fragment\nfn fs(in: VOut) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {\nlet sampleColor = textureSample(atlasTex, atlasSamp, in.uv);\nif (sampleColor.a < billboards.axisAndCutoff.w) {\ndiscard;\n}\nreturn sampleColor * in.tint * billboards.opacityMul;\n}`;\n    }\n    return `@fragment\nfn fs(in: VOut) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {\nlet sampleColor = textureSample(atlasTex, atlasSamp, in.uv);\nreturn sampleColor * in.tint * billboards.opacityMul;\n}`;\n}\n\nfunction makeBillboardWgsl(orientation: BillboardOrientation, depthMode: BillboardDepthMode): string {\n    return `${SCENE_UBO_WGSL}\nstruct BillboardSystem {\nopacityMul: vec4<f32>,\naxisAndCutoff: vec4<f32>,\n};\n@group(1) @binding(0) var<uniform> billboards: BillboardSystem;\n@group(1) @binding(1) var atlasTex: texture_2d<f32>;\n@group(1) @binding(2) var atlasSamp: sampler;\n${makeBillboardBasisWgsl(orientation)}\nstruct VIn {\n@builtin(vertex_index) vid: u32,\n@location(0) iPos: vec3<f32>,\n@location(1) iSize: vec2<f32>,\n@location(2) iUvMin: vec2<f32>,\n@location(3) iUvMax: vec2<f32>,\n@location(4) iRot: f32,\n@location(5) iPivot: vec2<f32>,\n@location(6) iColor: vec4<f32>,\n};\nstruct VOut {\n@builtin(position) pos: vec4<f32>,\n@location(0) uv: vec2<f32>,\n@location(1) tint: vec4<f32>,\n};\n@vertex\nfn vs(in: VIn) -> VOut {\nlet corner = vec2<f32>(select(0.0, 1.0, in.vid == 1u || in.vid == 2u), select(0.0, 1.0, in.vid >= 2u));\nlet local = (corner - in.iPivot) * in.iSize;\nlet cosRot = cos(in.iRot);\nlet sinRot = sin(in.iRot);\nlet rotated = vec2<f32>(local.x * cosRot - local.y * sinRot, local.x * sinRot + local.y * cosRot);\nlet basis = getBillboardBasis(in.iPos);\nlet worldPos = in.iPos + basis.right * rotated.x + basis.up * rotated.y;\nvar out: VOut;\nout.pos = scene.viewProjection * vec4<f32>(worldPos, 1.0);\nout.uv = mix(in.iUvMin, in.iUvMax, corner);\nout.tint = in.iColor;\nreturn out;\n}\n${makeBillboardFragmentWgsl(depthMode)}`;\n}\n\nexport function createBillboardPipelineCache(): BillboardPipelineCache {\n    return {\n        _devices: new WeakMap(),\n    };\n}\n\nexport function resetBillboardPipelineCache(cache: BillboardPipelineCache): void {\n    cache._devices = new WeakMap();\n}\n\nexport function getOrCreateBillboardPipeline(\n    engine: EngineContext,\n    cache: BillboardPipelineCache,\n    format: GPUTextureFormat,\n    sampleCount: 1 | 4,\n    system: BillboardSpriteSystem,\n    depthStencilFormat: GPUTextureFormat,\n    sceneBindGroupLayout: GPUBindGroupLayout\n): GPURenderPipeline {\n    const deviceCache = getBillboardPipelineDeviceCache(engine, cache);\n    const depthEntry = getDepthModeEntry(system._depthMode);\n    const customKey = _getBillboardFxHook()?.pipelineKeyPart(system) ?? \"\";\n    const key = `${format}:${sampleCount}:${system._orientation}:${system.blendMode._key}:${depthEntry.index}:${depthStencilFormat}:${customKey}`;\n    const cached = deviceCache._pipelines.get(key);\n    if (cached) {\n        return cached;\n    }\n    const pipeline = buildBillboardPipeline(engine, deviceCache, format, sampleCount, system, depthStencilFormat, sceneBindGroupLayout);\n    deviceCache._pipelines.set(key, pipeline);\n    return pipeline;\n}\n\nexport function createBillboardInstanceBuffer(device: GPUDevice, system: BillboardSpriteSystem, label?: string): GPUBuffer {\n    return device.createBuffer({\n        label,\n        size: system._capacity * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES,\n        usage: BU.VERTEX | BU.COPY_DST,\n    });\n}\n\nexport function createBillboardInstanceSortScratch(): BillboardInstanceSortScratch {\n    return {\n        _capacity: 0,\n        _sortedInstanceData: new F32(0),\n        _sortIndices: new U32(0),\n        _sortDepths: new F32(0),\n    };\n}\n\nexport function uploadSortedBillboardInstances(\n    device: GPUDevice,\n    system: BillboardSpriteSystem,\n    instanceBuffer: GPUBuffer,\n    scratch: BillboardInstanceSortScratch,\n    cameraViewMatrix: Mat4,\n    foX = 0,\n    foY = 0,\n    foZ = 0\n): void {\n    const count = system.count;\n    if (count === 0) {\n        system._dirtyMin = 0;\n        system._dirtyMax = 0;\n        return;\n    }\n    ensureBillboardInstanceSortScratch(scratch, count);\n    const sourceData = system._instanceData;\n    const sortedData = scratch._sortedInstanceData;\n    const indices = scratch._sortIndices;\n    const depths = scratch._sortDepths;\n    // Under floating origin the camera offset (foX/foY/foZ) is subtracted from each\n    // anchor so the GPU receives eye-relative positions that match the eye-relative\n    // view-projection. The sort depth is computed from the same eye-relative anchor.\n    // With a zero offset this is identical to the raw-anchor path.\n    for (let index = 0; index < count; index++) {\n        const base = index * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE;\n        const anchorX = sourceData[base]! - foX;\n        const anchorY = sourceData[base + 1]! - foY;\n        const anchorZ = sourceData[base + 2]! - foZ;\n        indices[index] = index;\n        depths[index] = cameraViewMatrix[2]! * anchorX + cameraViewMatrix[6]! * anchorY + cameraViewMatrix[10]! * anchorZ + cameraViewMatrix[14]!;\n    }\n    indices.subarray(0, count).sort((left, right) => depths[right]! - depths[left]! || left - right);\n    for (let outIndex = 0; outIndex < count; outIndex++) {\n        const sourceBase = indices[outIndex]! * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE;\n        const destBase = outIndex * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE;\n        sortedData[destBase] = sourceData[sourceBase]! - foX;\n        sortedData[destBase + 1] = sourceData[sourceBase + 1]! - foY;\n        sortedData[destBase + 2] = sourceData[sourceBase + 2]! - foZ;\n        for (let field = 3; field < BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE; field++) {\n            sortedData[destBase + field] = sourceData[sourceBase + field]!;\n        }\n    }\n    device.queue.writeBuffer(instanceBuffer, 0, sortedData.buffer, sortedData.byteOffset, count * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES);\n    system._dirtyMin = 0;\n    system._dirtyMax = 0;\n}\n\nexport function ensureBillboardInstanceBuffer(\n    device: GPUDevice,\n    system: BillboardSpriteSystem,\n    currentBuffer: GPUBuffer,\n    currentCapacity: number,\n    label?: string\n): { buffer: GPUBuffer; capacity: number; reallocated: boolean } {\n    if (currentCapacity >= system._capacity) {\n        return { buffer: currentBuffer, capacity: currentCapacity, reallocated: false };\n    }\n    currentBuffer.destroy();\n    return { buffer: createBillboardInstanceBuffer(device, system, label), capacity: system._capacity, reallocated: true };\n}\n\nexport function uploadBillboardInstances(\n    device: GPUDevice,\n    system: BillboardSpriteSystem,\n    instanceBuffer: GPUBuffer,\n    uploadedVersion: number,\n    foX = 0,\n    foY = 0,\n    foZ = 0,\n    foScratch: BillboardInstanceSortScratch | null = null\n): number {\n    if (uploadedVersion === system._version) {\n        return uploadedVersion;\n    }\n    if (system.count === 0) {\n        system._dirtyMin = 0;\n        system._dirtyMax = 0;\n        return system._version;\n    }\n    // Floating-origin path: anchors live at world scale (~5e6), so they must be made\n    // eye-relative (offset subtracted) before upload — otherwise the eye-relative\n    // view-projection in the shader would cancel catastrophically in F32. The whole\n    // range is re-uploaded because every anchor depends on the live camera offset.\n    if ((foX !== 0 || foY !== 0 || foZ !== 0) && foScratch) {\n        const count = system.count;\n        ensureBillboardInstanceSortScratch(foScratch, count);\n        const sourceData = system._instanceData;\n        const dest = foScratch._sortedInstanceData;\n        for (let index = 0; index < count; index++) {\n            const base = index * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE;\n            dest[base] = sourceData[base]! - foX;\n            dest[base + 1] = sourceData[base + 1]! - foY;\n            dest[base + 2] = sourceData[base + 2]! - foZ;\n            for (let field = 3; field < BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE; field++) {\n                dest[base + field] = sourceData[base + field]!;\n            }\n        }\n        device.queue.writeBuffer(instanceBuffer, 0, dest.buffer, dest.byteOffset, count * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES);\n        system._dirtyMin = 0;\n        system._dirtyMax = 0;\n        return system._version;\n    }\n    let lowIndex: number;\n    let highIndex: number;\n    if (uploadedVersion === -1) {\n        lowIndex = 0;\n        highIndex = system.count;\n    } else {\n        lowIndex = system._dirtyMin;\n        highIndex = Math.min(system._dirtyMax, system.count);\n    }\n    if (highIndex > lowIndex) {\n        const offsetBytes = lowIndex * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES;\n        const byteLength = (highIndex - lowIndex) * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES;\n        device.queue.writeBuffer(instanceBuffer, offsetBytes, system._instanceData.buffer, system._instanceData.byteOffset + offsetBytes, byteLength);\n    }\n    system._dirtyMin = 0;\n    system._dirtyMax = 0;\n    return system._version;\n}\n\nfunction ensureBillboardInstanceSortScratch(scratch: BillboardInstanceSortScratch, count: number): void {\n    if (scratch._capacity >= count) {\n        return;\n    }\n    scratch._capacity = count;\n    scratch._sortedInstanceData = new F32(count * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE);\n    scratch._sortIndices = new U32(count);\n    scratch._sortDepths = new F32(count);\n}\n\nexport function buildBillboardSystemUbo(system: BillboardSpriteSystem, ubo: Float32Array): void {\n    const opacity = system.opacity;\n    if (system.blendMode._premultipliedOpacity) {\n        ubo[0] = opacity;\n        ubo[1] = opacity;\n        ubo[2] = opacity;\n        ubo[3] = opacity;\n    } else {\n        ubo[0] = 1;\n        ubo[1] = 1;\n        ubo[2] = 1;\n        ubo[3] = opacity;\n    }\n    ubo[4] = system._axis[0];\n    ubo[5] = system._axis[1];\n    ubo[6] = system._axis[2];\n    ubo[7] = system.alphaCutoff;\n}\n\nexport function writeBillboardSystemUboIfDirty(device: GPUDevice, uniformBuffer: GPUBuffer, scratchUbo: Float32Array, lastUbo: Float32Array, forceWrite: boolean): void {\n    let dirty = forceWrite;\n    if (!dirty) {\n        for (let index = 0; index < BILLBOARD_SYSTEM_UBO_FLOATS; index++) {\n            if (lastUbo[index] !== scratchUbo[index]) {\n                dirty = true;\n                break;\n            }\n        }\n    }\n    if (dirty) {\n        device.queue.writeBuffer(uniformBuffer, 0, scratchUbo.buffer, scratchUbo.byteOffset, BILLBOARD_SYSTEM_UBO_BYTES);\n        lastUbo.set(scratchUbo);\n    }\n}\n\nexport function createBillboardSystemBindGroup(\n    engine: EngineContext,\n    pipeline: GPURenderPipeline,\n    system: BillboardSpriteSystem,\n    uniformBuffer: GPUBuffer,\n    fx?: SpriteLayerFx | null\n): GPUBindGroup {\n    const texture = system.atlas.texture;\n    const entries: GPUBindGroupEntry[] = [\n        { binding: 0, resource: { buffer: uniformBuffer } },\n        { binding: 1, resource: texture.view },\n        { binding: 2, resource: texture.sampler },\n    ];\n    if (fx) {\n        for (const entry of _getBillboardFxHook()!.bindEntries(fx, 3)) {\n            entries.push(entry);\n        }\n    }\n    return engine._device.createBindGroup({\n        layout: pipeline.getBindGroupLayout(1),\n        entries,\n    });\n}\n\nfunction getBillboardPipelineDeviceCache(engine: EngineContext, cache: BillboardPipelineCache): BillboardPipelineDeviceCache {\n    let deviceCache = cache._devices.get(engine._device);\n    if (!deviceCache) {\n        deviceCache = { _shaderModules: new Map(), _pipelines: new Map() };\n        cache._devices.set(engine._device, deviceCache);\n    }\n    return deviceCache;\n}\n\nfunction getShaderModule(engine: EngineContext, cache: BillboardPipelineDeviceCache, system: BillboardSpriteSystem): GPUShaderModule {\n    const orientation = system._orientation;\n    const depthMode = system._depthMode;\n    const customModule = _getBillboardFxHook()?.shaderModule(engine, system);\n    if (customModule) {\n        return customModule;\n    }\n    const key = `${orientation}:${getDepthModeEntry(depthMode).index}`;\n    let module = cache._shaderModules.get(key);\n    if (!module) {\n        module = engine._device.createShaderModule({ code: makeBillboardWgsl(orientation, depthMode) });\n        cache._shaderModules.set(key, module);\n    }\n    return module;\n}\n\nfunction buildBillboardPipeline(\n    engine: EngineContext,\n    cache: BillboardPipelineDeviceCache,\n    format: GPUTextureFormat,\n    sampleCount: 1 | 4,\n    system: BillboardSpriteSystem,\n    depthStencilFormat: GPUTextureFormat,\n    sceneBindGroupLayout: GPUBindGroupLayout\n): GPURenderPipeline {\n    const device = engine._device;\n    const depthEntry = getDepthModeEntry(system._depthMode);\n    const shaderModule = getShaderModule(engine, cache, system);\n    const layoutEntries: GPUBindGroupLayoutEntry[] = [\n        { binding: 0, visibility: SS.VERTEX | SS.FRAGMENT, buffer: { type: \"uniform\" } },\n        { binding: 1, visibility: SS.FRAGMENT, texture: { sampleType: \"float\" } },\n        { binding: 2, visibility: SS.FRAGMENT, sampler: { type: \"filtering\" } },\n    ];\n    const extraLayoutEntries = _getBillboardFxHook()?.layoutEntries(system, 3);\n    if (extraLayoutEntries) {\n        for (const entry of extraLayoutEntries) {\n            layoutEntries.push(entry);\n        }\n    }\n    const billboardBindGroupLayout = device.createBindGroupLayout({ entries: layoutEntries });\n    return device.createRenderPipeline({\n        label: `${system._orientation}-billboard-sprite-pipeline`,\n        layout: device.createPipelineLayout({ bindGroupLayouts: [sceneBindGroupLayout, billboardBindGroupLayout] }),\n        vertex: {\n            module: shaderModule,\n            entryPoint: \"vs\",\n            buffers: [\n                {\n                    arrayStride: BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES,\n                    stepMode: \"instance\",\n                    attributes: [\n                        { shaderLocation: 0, offset: BILLBOARD_POSITION_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x3\" },\n                        { shaderLocation: 1, offset: BILLBOARD_SIZE_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x2\" },\n                        { shaderLocation: 2, offset: BILLBOARD_UV_MIN_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x2\" },\n                        { shaderLocation: 3, offset: BILLBOARD_UV_MAX_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x2\" },\n                        { shaderLocation: 4, offset: BILLBOARD_ROTATION_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32\" },\n                        { shaderLocation: 5, offset: BILLBOARD_PIVOT_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x2\" },\n                        { shaderLocation: 6, offset: BILLBOARD_COLOR_OFFSET_BYTES, format: \"float32x4\" },\n                    ],\n                },\n            ],\n        },\n        fragment: {\n            module: shaderModule,\n            entryPoint: \"fs\",\n            targets: [system.blendMode._descriptor ? { format, blend: system.blendMode._descriptor, writeMask: CW.ALL } : { format, writeMask: CW.ALL }],\n        },\n        primitive: { topology: \"triangle-list\", cullMode: \"none\" },\n        depthStencil: { format: depthStencilFormat, depthCompare: \"greater-equal\", depthWriteEnabled: depthEntry.writeEnabled },\n        multisample: { count: sampleCount },\n    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a * dot(cr, a);\nlet pl = length(pr);\nlet f = select(vec3f(0, 0, 1), vec3f(1, 0, 0), abs(a.z) > 0.999);\nlet fr = cross(a, f);\nlet r = select(fr / max(length(fr), 1e-4), pr / max(pl, 1e-4), pl > 1e-4);\nreturn B(r, -a);\n}`;\n    }\n}\n\nfunction makeBillboardFragmentWgsl(depthMode: BillboardDepthMode): string {\n    if (depthMode === \"cutout\") {\n        return `@fragment\nfn fs(in: O) -> @location(0) vec4f {\nlet s = textureSample(atlasTex, atlasSamp, in.uv);\nif (s.a < billboards.axisAndCutoff.w) {\ndiscard;\n}\nreturn s * in.tint * billboards.opacityMul;\n}`;\n    }\n    return `@fragment\nfn fs(in: O) -> @location(0) vec4f {\nlet s = textureSample(atlasTex, atlasSamp, in.uv);\nreturn s * in.tint * billboards.opacityMul;\n}`;\n}\n\nfunction makeBillboardWgsl(orientation: BillboardOrientation, depthMode: BillboardDepthMode): string {\n    return `${SCENE_UBO_WGSL}\nstruct S {\nopacityMul: vec4f,\naxisAndCutoff: vec4f,\n};\n@group(1) @binding(0) var<uniform> billboards: S;\n@group(1) @binding(1) var atlasTex: texture_2d<f32>;\n@group(1) @binding(2) var atlasSamp: sampler;\n${makeBillboardBasisWgsl(orientation)}\nstruct I {\n@builtin(vertex_index) vid: u32,\n@location(0) p: vec3f,\n@location(1) s: vec2f,\n@location(2) a: vec2f,\n@location(3) b: vec2f,\n@location(4) r: f32,\n@location(5) o: vec2f,\n@location(6) c: vec4f,\n};\nstruct O {\n@builtin(position) p: vec4f,\n@location(0) uv: vec2f,\n@location(1) tint: vec4f,\n};\n@vertex\nfn vs(in: I) -> O {\nlet q = vec2f(select(0.0, 1.0, in.vid == 1u || in.vid == 2u), select(0.0, 1.0, in.vid >= 2u));\nlet l = (q - 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The sort depth is computed from the same eye-relative anchor.\n    // With a zero offset this is identical to the raw-anchor path.\n    for (let index = 0; index < count; index++) {\n        const base = index * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE;\n        const anchorX = sourceData[base]! - foX;\n        const anchorY = sourceData[base + 1]! - foY;\n        const anchorZ = sourceData[base + 2]! - foZ;\n        indices[index] = index;\n        depths[index] = cameraViewMatrix[2]! * anchorX + cameraViewMatrix[6]! * anchorY + cameraViewMatrix[10]! * anchorZ + cameraViewMatrix[14]!;\n    }\n    indices.subarray(0, count).sort((left, right) => depths[right]! - depths[left]! || left - right);\n    for (let outIndex = 0; outIndex < count; outIndex++) {\n        const sourceBase = indices[outIndex]! * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE;\n        const destBase = outIndex * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE;\n        sortedData[destBase] = sourceData[sourceBase]! - foX;\n        sortedData[destBase + 1] = sourceData[sourceBase + 1]! - foY;\n        sortedData[destBase + 2] = sourceData[sourceBase + 2]! - foZ;\n        for (let field = 3; field < BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE; field++) {\n            sortedData[destBase + field] = sourceData[sourceBase + field]!;\n        }\n    }\n    device.queue.writeBuffer(instanceBuffer, 0, sortedData.buffer, sortedData.byteOffset, count * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES);\n    system._dirtyMin = 0;\n    system._dirtyMax = 0;\n}\n\nexport function ensureBillboardInstanceBuffer(\n    device: GPUDevice,\n    system: BillboardSpriteSystem,\n    currentBuffer: GPUBuffer,\n    currentCapacity: number,\n    label?: string\n): { buffer: GPUBuffer; capacity: number; reallocated: boolean } {\n    if (currentCapacity >= system._capacity) {\n        return { buffer: currentBuffer, capacity: currentCapacity, reallocated: false };\n    }\n    currentBuffer.destroy();\n    return { buffer: createBillboardInstanceBuffer(device, system, label), capacity: system._capacity, reallocated: true };\n}\n\nexport function uploadBillboardInstances(\n    device: GPUDevice,\n    system: BillboardSpriteSystem,\n    instanceBuffer: GPUBuffer,\n    uploadedVersion: number,\n    foX = 0,\n    foY = 0,\n    foZ = 0,\n    foScratch: BillboardInstanceSortScratch | null = null\n): number {\n    if (uploadedVersion === system._version) {\n        return uploadedVersion;\n    }\n    if (system.count === 0) {\n        system._dirtyMin = 0;\n        system._dirtyMax = 0;\n        return system._version;\n    }\n    // Floating-origin path: anchors live at world scale (~5e6), so they must be made\n    // eye-relative (offset subtracted) before upload — otherwise the eye-relative\n    // view-projection in the shader would cancel catastrophically in F32. The whole\n    // range is re-uploaded because every anchor depends on the live camera offset.\n    if ((foX !== 0 || foY !== 0 || foZ !== 0) && foScratch) {\n        const count = system.count;\n        ensureBillboardInstanceSortScratch(foScratch, count);\n        const sourceData = system._instanceData;\n        const dest = foScratch._sortedInstanceData;\n        for (let index = 0; index < count; index++) {\n            const base = index * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE;\n            dest[base] = sourceData[base]! - foX;\n            dest[base + 1] = sourceData[base + 1]! - foY;\n            dest[base + 2] = sourceData[base + 2]! - foZ;\n            for (let field = 3; field < BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE; field++) {\n                dest[base + field] = sourceData[base + field]!;\n            }\n        }\n        device.queue.writeBuffer(instanceBuffer, 0, dest.buffer, dest.byteOffset, count * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_STRIDE_BYTES);\n        system._dirtyMin = 0;\n      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scratch._sortedInstanceData = new F32(count * BILLBOARD_INSTANCE_FLOATS_PER_SPRITE);\n    scratch._sortIndices = new U32(count);\n    scratch._sortDepths = new F32(count);\n}\n\nexport function buildBillboardSystemUbo(system: BillboardSpriteSystem, ubo: Float32Array): void {\n    const opacity = system.opacity;\n    if (system.blendMode._premultipliedOpacity) {\n        ubo[0] = opacity;\n        ubo[1] = opacity;\n        ubo[2] = opacity;\n        ubo[3] = opacity;\n    } else {\n        ubo[0] = 1;\n        ubo[1] = 1;\n        ubo[2] = 1;\n        ubo[3] = opacity;\n    }\n    ubo[4] = system._axis[0];\n    ubo[5] = system._axis[1];\n    ubo[6] = system._axis[2];\n    ubo[7] = system.alphaCutoff;\n}\n\nexport function writeBillboardSystemUboIfDirty(device: GPUDevice, uniformBuffer: GPUBuffer, scratchUbo: Float32Array, lastUbo: Float32Array, forceWrite: boolean): void {\n    let dirty = forceWrite;\n    if (!dirty) {\n        for (let index = 0; index < BILLBOARD_SYSTEM_UBO_FLOATS; index++) {\n            if (lastUbo[index] !== scratchUbo[index]) {\n                dirty = true;\n                break;\n            }\n        }\n    }\n    if (dirty) {\n        device.queue.writeBuffer(uniformBuffer, 0, scratchUbo.buffer, scratchUbo.byteOffset, BILLBOARD_SYSTEM_UBO_BYTES);\n        lastUbo.set(scratchUbo);\n    }\n}\n\nexport function createBillboardSystemBindGroup(\n    engine: EngineContext,\n    pipeline: GPURenderPipeline,\n    system: BillboardSpriteSystem,\n    uniformBuffer: GPUBuffer,\n    fx?: SpriteLayerFx | null\n): GPUBindGroup {\n    const texture = system.atlas.texture;\n    const entries: GPUBindGroupEntry[] = [\n        { binding: 0, resource: { buffer: uniformBuffer } },\n        { binding: 1, resource: texture.view },\n        { binding: 2, resource: texture.sampler },\n    ];\n    if (fx) {\n        for (const entry of _getBillboardFxHook()!.bindEntries(fx, 3)) {\n            entries.push(entry);\n        }\n    }\n    return 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(!module) {\n        module = engine._device.createShaderModule({ code: makeBillboardWgsl(orientation, depthMode) });\n        cache._shaderModules.set(key, module);\n    }\n    return module;\n}\n\nfunction buildBillboardPipeline(\n    engine: EngineContext,\n    cache: BillboardPipelineDeviceCache,\n    format: GPUTextureFormat,\n    sampleCount: 1 | 4,\n    system: BillboardSpriteSystem,\n    depthStencilFormat: GPUTextureFormat,\n    sceneBindGroupLayout: GPUBindGroupLayout\n): GPURenderPipeline {\n    const device = engine._device;\n    const depthEntry = getDepthModeEntry(system._depthMode);\n    const shaderModule = getShaderModule(engine, cache, system);\n    const layoutEntries: GPUBindGroupLayoutEntry[] = [\n        { binding: 0, visibility: SS.VERTEX | SS.FRAGMENT, buffer: { type: \"uniform\" } },\n        { binding: 1, visibility: SS.FRAGMENT, texture: { sampleType: \"float\" } },\n        { binding: 2, visibility: SS.FRAGMENT, sampler: { type: \"filtering\" } },\n    ];\n  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package/lib/sprite/custom-shader-core.js

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ time: f32,
 _p0: f32,
 _p1: f32,
 _p2: f32,
-params: vec4<f32>,
+params: vec4f,
 };
 @group(${group}) @binding(${binding}) var<uniform> fx: SpriteFx;`;
 }

package/lib/sprite/custom-shader-core.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"custom-shader-core.js","sources":["../../../src/sprite/custom-shader-core.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * Shared mechanics for the sprite-family custom-shader hooks (the engine owns the pipeline,\n * instancing, sorting, and vertex stage; the caller supplies only a WGSL **fragment body**\n * plus optional extra textures).\n *\n * This module holds **only** the parts that are identical across every sprite-family\n * custom-shader: extra-texture binding emission, WGSL-name validation, the always-present\n * `SpriteFx` UBO declaration, and cache-key allocation. Each system keeps its own composer\n * that owns its fixed vertex stage and varying contract — those genuinely differ (world-space\n * billboard facing vs. pixel-space 2D layer transform) and are not shared.\n *\n * Tree-shaking: a scene that never builds a custom shader never imports this module, so it\n * pays zero bytes for any of it. The GPU plumbing the custom-shader feature needs — the\n * `SpriteFx` UBO writer, the extra-texture / fx bind-group **layout** and **bind** entry\n * builders, and the per-device shader-module cache — also lives here (and is reached only\n * through a descriptor), so the always-loaded sprite/billboard pipeline + renderable modules\n * stay free of it.\n */\nimport { F32 } from \"../engine/typed-arrays.js\";\nimport { SS } from \"../engine/gpu-flags.js\";\nimport type { EngineContext } from \"../engine/engine.js\";\nimport { createEmptyUniformBuffer } from \"../resource/gpu-buffers.js\";\nimport type { Texture2D } from \"../texture/texture-2d.js\";\n\n/** One extra texture bound after the atlas. In WGSL it becomes `<name>Tex` + `<name>Samp`. */\nexport interface CustomShaderTexture {\n    /** Identifier used in WGSL: becomes `<name>Tex` (texture) and `<name>Samp` (sampler). */\n    readonly name: string;\n    readonly texture: Texture2D;\n}\n\n/**\n * Opaque, per-layer / per-system **fx attachment**. Every piece of custom-shader runtime\n * state — the `SpriteFx` UBO buffer, its CPU scratch, and the accumulated elapsed time — lives\n * INSIDE this object, which is created (via a descriptor's `_createLayerFx` hook) only when a\n * layer/system actually has a custom shader.\n *\n * The always-loaded sprite/billboard renderer + renderable modules store a single nullable\n * `SpriteLayerFx | null` and reach the entire fx lifecycle (bind, per-frame update, dispose)\n * through it. A plain layer (no custom shader) allocates no fx fields, runs no fx branch, and\n * accumulates no time — the descriptor module that builds this object is never imported, so the\n * plain path pays zero bytes for the feature.\n */\nexport interface SpriteLayerFx {\n    /** Append the extra-texture + fx UBO bind-group entries, starting at `startBinding` (always 3). */\n    bindEntries(startBinding: number): GPUBindGroupEntry[];\n    /** Accumulate `deltaMs` internally, then write the `SpriteFx` UBO (time + `params`). */\n    update(params: readonly number[], deltaMs: number): void;\n    /** Destroy the `SpriteFx` UBO buffer. */\n    destroy(): void;\n}\n\n/** Valid WGSL identifier (used to validate extra-texture names before splicing them in). */\nconst WGSL_NAME = /^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*$/;\n\n/** Shared all-zero `fx.params` fallback used when a layer/system has a custom shader but no params set. */\nexport const EMPTY_PARAMS: readonly number[] = [0, 0, 0, 0];\n\n/** Throw if any extra-texture name is not a legal WGSL identifier. `fnName` names the caller for the message. */\nexport function validateExtraTextureNames(fnName: string, extras: readonly CustomShaderTexture[]): void {\n    for (const extra of extras) {\n        if (!WGSL_NAME.test(extra.name)) {\n            throw new Error(`${fnName}: extra texture name \"${extra.name}\" is not a valid WGSL identifier.`);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Emit the `@group(group) @binding(n) var <name>Tex/<name>Samp` pairs for the extra textures,\n * starting at `startBinding` and stepping by 2 (texture, then sampler). The atlas occupies\n * bindings 1/2, so callers pass `startBinding = 3`.\n */\nexport function makeExtraBindingsWgsl(group: number, startBinding: number, extras: readonly CustomShaderTexture[]): string {\n    let out = \"\";\n    for (let i = 0; i < extras.length; i++) {\n        const binding = startBinding + i * 2;\n        const name = extras[i]!.name;\n        out += `@group(${group}) @binding(${binding}) var ${name}Tex: texture_2d<f32>;\\n@group(${group}) @binding(${binding + 1}) var ${name}Samp: sampler;\\n`;\n    }\n    return out;\n}\n\n/**\n * Emit the always-present `SpriteFx` UBO declaration. The struct layout (32 bytes) matches the\n * CPU writer {@link writeSpriteFxUbo}:\n *   [0]    time (seconds since the renderable's first frame)\n *   [1..3] padding (vec4 alignment)\n *   [4..7] params.xyzw (user-set via `setSprite2DShaderParams` / `setBillboardShaderParams`)\n * `binding` is `3 + 2 * extraTextures.length` so the UBO always lands after the extra textures.\n */\nexport function makeFxStructWgsl(group: number, binding: number): string {\n    return `struct SpriteFx {\ntime: f32,\n_p0: f32,\n_p1: f32,\n_p2: f32,\nparams: vec4<f32>,\n};\n@group(${group}) @binding(${binding}) var<uniform> fx: SpriteFx;`;\n}\n\nlet _nextKey = 0;\n\n/** Allocate a process-unique pipeline/shader-module cache key with the given prefix. */\nexport function nextCustomShaderKey(prefix: string): string {\n    return `${prefix}${_nextKey++}`;\n}\n\n/**\n * Per-custom-shader `SpriteFx` UBO size in bytes. Bound at `@binding(3 + 2 * extraTextures.length)`.\n * Layout matches the WGSL `SpriteFx` struct emitted by {@link makeFxStructWgsl}:\n *   [0]    time (seconds since the renderable's first frame)\n *   [1..3] padding (vec4 alignment)\n *   [4..7] params.xyzw (user-set via `setSprite2DShaderParams` / `setBillboardShaderParams`)\n */\nexport const SPRITE_FX_UBO_BYTES = 32;\n/** Number of floats in the `SpriteFx` UBO scratch array. */\nexport const SPRITE_FX_UBO_FLOATS = SPRITE_FX_UBO_BYTES / 4;\n\n/** Write the `SpriteFx` UBO (time + user params) for a custom-shader layer/system. */\nexport function writeSpriteFxUbo(device: GPUDevice, fxBuffer: GPUBuffer, timeSeconds: number, params: readonly number[], scratch: Float32Array): void {\n    scratch[0] = timeSeconds;\n    scratch[1] = 0;\n    scratch[2] = 0;\n    scratch[3] = 0;\n    scratch[4] = params[0] ?? 0;\n    scratch[5] = params[1] ?? 0;\n    scratch[6] = params[2] ?? 0;\n    scratch[7] = params[3] ?? 0;\n    device.queue.writeBuffer(fxBuffer, 0, scratch.buffer, scratch.byteOffset, SPRITE_FX_UBO_BYTES);\n}\n\n/**\n * Build the extra-texture + `SpriteFx` bind-group **layout** entries for a custom shader,\n * starting at `startBinding` (always 3 — the atlas occupies 0/1/2). Each extra texture\n * contributes a `texture` + `sampler` entry (stepping by 2); the fx UBO lands last at\n * `startBinding + 2 * extras.length`. Returned to the always-loaded pipeline builder, which\n * only appends them — keeping the custom-shader loop out of the plain path.\n */\nexport function makeCustomShaderLayoutEntries(extras: readonly CustomShaderTexture[], startBinding: number): GPUBindGroupLayoutEntry[] {\n    const entries: GPUBindGroupLayoutEntry[] = [];\n    let binding = startBinding;\n    for (let i = 0; i < extras.length; i++) {\n        entries.push({ binding, visibility: SS.FRAGMENT, texture: { sampleType: \"float\" } });\n        entries.push({ binding: binding + 1, visibility: SS.FRAGMENT, sampler: { type: \"filtering\" } });\n        binding += 2;\n    }\n    entries.push({ binding, visibility: SS.FRAGMENT, buffer: { type: \"uniform\" } });\n    return entries;\n}\n\n/**\n * Build the extra-texture + `SpriteFx` bind-group entries for a custom shader, mirroring the\n * layout produced by {@link makeCustomShaderLayoutEntries}. The fx UBO entry is emitted only\n * when `fxBuffer` is present.\n */\nexport function makeCustomShaderBindEntries(extras: readonly CustomShaderTexture[], startBinding: number, fxBuffer: GPUBuffer | null | undefined): GPUBindGroupEntry[] {\n    const entries: GPUBindGroupEntry[] = [];\n    let binding = startBinding;\n    for (let i = 0; i < extras.length; i++) {\n        const texture = extras[i]!.texture;\n        entries.push({ binding, resource: texture.view });\n        entries.push({ binding: binding + 1, resource: texture.sampler });\n        binding += 2;\n    }\n    if (fxBuffer) {\n        entries.push({ binding, resource: { buffer: fxBuffer } });\n    }\n    return entries;\n}\n\n/**\n * Build a per-layer / per-system fx attachment for a custom-shader descriptor. Allocates the\n * `SpriteFx` UBO + scratch, captures the descriptor's extra textures, and owns the elapsed-time\n * accumulator — all inside the returned closure. Exposed only through the descriptor's\n * `_createLayerFx` hook, so the always-loaded renderer/renderable modules never see the fx\n * machinery and the plain path pays nothing.\n */\nexport function createSpriteLayerFx(engine: EngineContext, label: string, extras: readonly CustomShaderTexture[]): SpriteLayerFx {\n    const device = engine._device;\n    const buffer = createEmptyUniformBuffer(engine, SPRITE_FX_UBO_BYTES, label);\n    const scratch = new F32(SPRITE_FX_UBO_FLOATS);\n    let elapsedMs = 0;\n    return {\n        bindEntries(startBinding) {\n            return makeCustomShaderBindEntries(extras, startBinding, buffer);\n        },\n        update(params, deltaMs) {\n            elapsedMs += deltaMs;\n            writeSpriteFxUbo(device, buffer, elapsedMs / 1000, params, scratch);\n        },\n        destroy() {\n            buffer.destroy();\n        },\n    };\n}\n\n/**\n * Build a per-device shader-module cache for a single custom-shader descriptor. 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+{"version":3,"file":"custom-shader-core.js","sources":["../../../src/sprite/custom-shader-core.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * Shared mechanics for the sprite-family custom-shader hooks (the engine owns the pipeline,\n * instancing, sorting, and vertex stage; the caller supplies only a WGSL **fragment body**\n * plus optional extra textures).\n *\n * This module holds **only** the parts that are identical across every sprite-family\n * custom-shader: extra-texture binding emission, WGSL-name validation, the always-present\n * `SpriteFx` UBO declaration, and cache-key allocation. Each system keeps its own composer\n * that owns its fixed vertex stage and varying contract — those genuinely differ (world-space\n * billboard facing vs. pixel-space 2D layer transform) and are not shared.\n *\n * Tree-shaking: a scene that never builds a custom shader never imports this module, so it\n * pays zero bytes for any of it. The GPU plumbing the custom-shader feature needs — the\n * `SpriteFx` UBO writer, the extra-texture / fx bind-group **layout** and **bind** entry\n * builders, and the per-device shader-module cache — also lives here (and is reached only\n * through a descriptor), so the always-loaded sprite/billboard pipeline + renderable modules\n * stay free of it.\n */\nimport { F32 } from \"../engine/typed-arrays.js\";\nimport { SS } from \"../engine/gpu-flags.js\";\nimport type { EngineContext } from \"../engine/engine.js\";\nimport { createEmptyUniformBuffer } from \"../resource/gpu-buffers.js\";\nimport type { Texture2D } from \"../texture/texture-2d.js\";\n\n/** One extra texture bound after the atlas. In WGSL it becomes `<name>Tex` + `<name>Samp`. */\nexport interface CustomShaderTexture {\n    /** Identifier used in WGSL: becomes `<name>Tex` (texture) and `<name>Samp` (sampler). */\n    readonly name: string;\n    readonly texture: Texture2D;\n}\n\n/**\n * Opaque, per-layer / per-system **fx attachment**. Every piece of custom-shader runtime\n * state — the `SpriteFx` UBO buffer, its CPU scratch, and the accumulated elapsed time — lives\n * INSIDE this object, which is created (via a descriptor's `_createLayerFx` hook) only when a\n * layer/system actually has a custom shader.\n *\n * The always-loaded sprite/billboard renderer + renderable modules store a single nullable\n * `SpriteLayerFx | null` and reach the entire fx lifecycle (bind, per-frame update, dispose)\n * through it. A plain layer (no custom shader) allocates no fx fields, runs no fx branch, and\n * accumulates no time — the descriptor module that builds this object is never imported, so the\n * plain path pays zero bytes for the feature.\n */\nexport interface SpriteLayerFx {\n    /** Append the extra-texture + fx UBO bind-group entries, starting at `startBinding` (always 3). */\n    bindEntries(startBinding: number): GPUBindGroupEntry[];\n    /** Accumulate `deltaMs` internally, then write the `SpriteFx` UBO (time + `params`). */\n    update(params: readonly number[], deltaMs: number): void;\n    /** Destroy the `SpriteFx` UBO buffer. */\n    destroy(): void;\n}\n\n/** Valid WGSL identifier (used to validate extra-texture names before splicing them in). */\nconst WGSL_NAME = /^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*$/;\n\n/** Shared all-zero `fx.params` fallback used when a layer/system has a custom shader but no params set. */\nexport const EMPTY_PARAMS: readonly number[] = [0, 0, 0, 0];\n\n/** Throw if any extra-texture name is not a legal WGSL identifier. `fnName` names the caller for the message. */\nexport function validateExtraTextureNames(fnName: string, extras: readonly CustomShaderTexture[]): void {\n    for (const extra of extras) {\n        if (!WGSL_NAME.test(extra.name)) {\n            throw new Error(`${fnName}: extra texture name \"${extra.name}\" is not a valid WGSL identifier.`);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Emit the `@group(group) @binding(n) var <name>Tex/<name>Samp` pairs for the extra textures,\n * starting at `startBinding` and stepping by 2 (texture, then sampler). The atlas occupies\n * bindings 1/2, so callers pass `startBinding = 3`.\n */\nexport function makeExtraBindingsWgsl(group: number, startBinding: number, extras: readonly CustomShaderTexture[]): string {\n    let out = \"\";\n    for (let i = 0; i < extras.length; i++) {\n        const binding = startBinding + i * 2;\n        const name = extras[i]!.name;\n        out += `@group(${group}) @binding(${binding}) var ${name}Tex: texture_2d<f32>;\\n@group(${group}) @binding(${binding + 1}) var ${name}Samp: sampler;\\n`;\n    }\n    return out;\n}\n\n/**\n * Emit the always-present `SpriteFx` UBO declaration. The struct layout (32 bytes) matches the\n * CPU writer {@link writeSpriteFxUbo}:\n *   [0]    time (seconds since the renderable's first frame)\n *   [1..3] padding (vec4 alignment)\n *   [4..7] params.xyzw (user-set via `setSprite2DShaderParams` / `setBillboardShaderParams`)\n * `binding` is `3 + 2 * extraTextures.length` so the UBO always lands after the extra textures.\n */\nexport function makeFxStructWgsl(group: number, binding: number): string {\n    return `struct SpriteFx {\ntime: f32,\n_p0: f32,\n_p1: f32,\n_p2: f32,\nparams: vec4f,\n};\n@group(${group}) @binding(${binding}) var<uniform> fx: SpriteFx;`;\n}\n\nlet _nextKey = 0;\n\n/** Allocate a process-unique pipeline/shader-module cache key with the given prefix. */\nexport function nextCustomShaderKey(prefix: string): string {\n    return `${prefix}${_nextKey++}`;\n}\n\n/**\n * Per-custom-shader `SpriteFx` UBO size in bytes. Bound at `@binding(3 + 2 * extraTextures.length)`.\n * Layout matches the WGSL `SpriteFx` struct emitted by {@link makeFxStructWgsl}:\n *   [0]    time (seconds since the renderable's first frame)\n *   [1..3] padding (vec4 alignment)\n *   [4..7] params.xyzw (user-set via `setSprite2DShaderParams` / `setBillboardShaderParams`)\n */\nexport const SPRITE_FX_UBO_BYTES = 32;\n/** Number of floats in the `SpriteFx` UBO scratch array. */\nexport const SPRITE_FX_UBO_FLOATS = SPRITE_FX_UBO_BYTES / 4;\n\n/** Write the `SpriteFx` UBO (time + user params) for a custom-shader layer/system. */\nexport function writeSpriteFxUbo(device: GPUDevice, fxBuffer: GPUBuffer, timeSeconds: number, params: readonly number[], scratch: Float32Array): void {\n    scratch[0] = timeSeconds;\n    scratch[1] = 0;\n    scratch[2] = 0;\n    scratch[3] = 0;\n    scratch[4] = params[0] ?? 0;\n    scratch[5] = params[1] ?? 0;\n    scratch[6] = params[2] ?? 0;\n    scratch[7] = params[3] ?? 0;\n    device.queue.writeBuffer(fxBuffer, 0, scratch.buffer, scratch.byteOffset, SPRITE_FX_UBO_BYTES);\n}\n\n/**\n * Build the extra-texture + `SpriteFx` bind-group **layout** entries for a custom shader,\n * starting at `startBinding` (always 3 — the atlas occupies 0/1/2). Each extra texture\n * contributes a `texture` + `sampler` entry (stepping by 2); the fx UBO lands last at\n * `startBinding + 2 * extras.length`. Returned to the always-loaded pipeline builder, which\n * only appends them — keeping the custom-shader loop out of the plain path.\n */\nexport function makeCustomShaderLayoutEntries(extras: readonly CustomShaderTexture[], startBinding: number): GPUBindGroupLayoutEntry[] {\n    const entries: GPUBindGroupLayoutEntry[] = [];\n    let binding = startBinding;\n    for (let i = 0; i < extras.length; i++) {\n        entries.push({ binding, visibility: SS.FRAGMENT, texture: { sampleType: \"float\" } });\n        entries.push({ binding: binding + 1, visibility: SS.FRAGMENT, sampler: { type: \"filtering\" } });\n        binding += 2;\n    }\n    entries.push({ binding, visibility: SS.FRAGMENT, buffer: { type: \"uniform\" } });\n    return entries;\n}\n\n/**\n * Build the extra-texture + `SpriteFx` bind-group entries for a custom shader, mirroring the\n * layout produced by {@link makeCustomShaderLayoutEntries}. The fx UBO entry is emitted only\n * when `fxBuffer` is present.\n */\nexport function makeCustomShaderBindEntries(extras: readonly CustomShaderTexture[], startBinding: number, fxBuffer: GPUBuffer | null | undefined): GPUBindGroupEntry[] {\n    const entries: GPUBindGroupEntry[] = [];\n    let binding = startBinding;\n    for (let i = 0; i < extras.length; i++) {\n        const texture = extras[i]!.texture;\n        entries.push({ binding, resource: texture.view });\n        entries.push({ binding: binding + 1, resource: texture.sampler });\n        binding += 2;\n    }\n    if (fxBuffer) {\n        entries.push({ binding, resource: { buffer: fxBuffer } });\n    }\n    return entries;\n}\n\n/**\n * Build a per-layer / per-system fx attachment for a custom-shader descriptor. Allocates the\n * `SpriteFx` UBO + scratch, captures the descriptor's extra textures, and owns the elapsed-time\n * accumulator — all inside the returned closure. Exposed only through the descriptor's\n * `_createLayerFx` hook, so the always-loaded renderer/renderable modules never see the fx\n * machinery and the plain path pays nothing.\n */\nexport function createSpriteLayerFx(engine: EngineContext, label: string, extras: readonly CustomShaderTexture[]): SpriteLayerFx {\n    const device = engine._device;\n    const buffer = createEmptyUniformBuffer(engine, SPRITE_FX_UBO_BYTES, label);\n    const scratch = new F32(SPRITE_FX_UBO_FLOATS);\n    let elapsedMs = 0;\n    return {\n        bindEntries(startBinding) {\n            return makeCustomShaderBindEntries(extras, startBinding, buffer);\n        },\n        update(params, deltaMs) {\n            elapsedMs += deltaMs;\n            writeSpriteFxUbo(device, buffer, elapsedMs / 1000, params, scratch);\n        },\n        destroy() {\n            buffer.destroy();\n        },\n    };\n}\n\n/**\n * Build a per-device shader-module cache for a single custom-shader descriptor. The returned\n * function compiles + caches one `GPUShaderModule` per `(device, key)` pair, auto-invalidating\n * when the engine's device changes (a new `WeakMap` entry). 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package/lib/sprite/shared/sprite-atlas.js

@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ function createGridSpriteAtlas(texture, options) {
 }
 async function loadSpriteAtlas(engine, textureUrl, options = {}) {
   if (options.metadataUrl !== void 0) {
-    throw new Error("loadSpriteAtlas: metadataUrl is not implemented in PR 1.");
+    throw new Error("loadSpriteAtlas: metadataUrl unsupported.");
   }
   if (!options.gridSize) {
-    throw new Error("loadSpriteAtlas: options.gridSize is required in PR 1.");
+    throw new Error("loadSpriteAtlas: gridSize required.");
   }
   const texOpts = {
     // Sprite UVs are top-down (origin at image top-left); do not flip.

package/lib/sprite/shared/sprite-atlas.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"sprite-atlas.js","sources":["../../../../src/sprite/shared/sprite-atlas.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * Sprite atlas — shared foundation for `Sprite2DLayer` (and, in later PRs,\n * billboards). A `SpriteAtlas` is a pure data record: a `Texture2D` plus\n * an immutable list of `SpriteFrame`s. The same atlas may back multiple\n * layers / scenes; lifetime is governed by the underlying `Texture2D`.\n *\n * PR 1 ships only the grid-based atlas constructor and the loader. Frames\n * are addressed by **integer index only**; a string-keyed wrapper type\n * (analogous to a future `NamedSpriteAtlas`) will land alongside the\n * TexturePacker JSON loader in a later PR.\n *\n * NOT YET IMPLEMENTED (intentionally omitted, see\n * `docs/lite/sprites/pr1-pure-2d-sprites-scope.md`):\n *   - `SpriteClip` / `clips` field on the atlas (animation playback). 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Frames are addressed by integer index. */\nexport interface SpriteAtlas {\n    readonly texture: Texture2D;\n    readonly textureSizePx: readonly [number, number];\n    readonly frames: readonly SpriteFrame[];\n    readonly premultipliedAlpha: boolean;\n    /** @internal Mutable shelf-pack cursor + parameters carried by atlases built via the runtime\n     *  packer (`createSpriteAtlasFromFrames`). `appendSpriteAtlasFrames` resumes packing into the\n     *  remaining capacity using this state. Absent on atlases built via `createGridSpriteAtlas` /\n     *  `loadSpriteAtlas` — those cannot be appended to. */\n    _packState?: SpriteAtlasPackState;\n    /** @internal Mutable alias of `frames` (same underlying array) for the runtime packer to\n     *  push new entries into without casting away `readonly`. 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+{"version":3,"file":"sprite-atlas.js","sources":["../../../../src/sprite/shared/sprite-atlas.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * Sprite atlas — shared foundation for `Sprite2DLayer` (and, in later PRs,\n * billboards). A `SpriteAtlas` is a pure data record: a `Texture2D` plus\n * an immutable list of `SpriteFrame`s. The same atlas may back multiple\n * layers / scenes; lifetime is governed by the underlying `Texture2D`.\n *\n * PR 1 ships only the grid-based atlas constructor and the loader. Frames\n * are addressed by **integer index only**; a string-keyed wrapper type\n * (analogous to a future `NamedSpriteAtlas`) will land alongside the\n * TexturePacker JSON loader in a later PR.\n *\n * NOT YET IMPLEMENTED (intentionally omitted, see\n * `docs/lite/sprites/pr1-pure-2d-sprites-scope.md`):\n *   - `SpriteClip` / `clips` field on the atlas (animation playback). Will\n *     land as an additive change to `SpriteAtlas` in a follow-up PR.\n */\nimport type { EngineContext } from \"../../engine/engine.js\";\nimport type { Texture2D, Texture2DOptions } from \"../../texture/texture-2d.js\";\nimport { loadTexture2D } from \"../../texture/texture-2d.js\";\n\n/** Texture sampling mode for a sprite atlas. */\nexport type SpriteSampling = \"linear\" | \"nearest\";\n\n/** A single frame in an atlas. UVs in [0,1]; pivot in [0,1] of the frame. */\nexport interface SpriteFrame {\n    readonly name?: string;\n    readonly uvMin: readonly [number, number];\n    readonly uvMax: readonly [number, number];\n    readonly sourceSizePx: readonly [number, number];\n    readonly pivot: readonly [number, number];\n}\n\n/** A loaded sprite atlas — pure data, no methods. Frames are addressed by integer index. */\nexport interface SpriteAtlas {\n    readonly texture: Texture2D;\n    readonly textureSizePx: readonly [number, number];\n    readonly frames: readonly SpriteFrame[];\n    readonly premultipliedAlpha: boolean;\n    /** @internal Mutable shelf-pack cursor + parameters carried by atlases built via the runtime\n     *  packer (`createSpriteAtlasFromFrames`). `appendSpriteAtlasFrames` resumes packing into the\n     *  remaining capacity using this state. Absent on atlases built via `createGridSpriteAtlas` /\n     *  `loadSpriteAtlas` — those cannot be appended to. */\n    _packState?: SpriteAtlasPackState;\n    /** @internal Mutable alias of `frames` (same underlying array) for the runtime packer to\n     *  push new entries into without casting away `readonly`. Always set together with\n     *  `_packState` (i.e. only on atlases built via `createSpriteAtlasFromFrames`). */\n    _frames?: SpriteFrame[];\n}\n\n/** @internal Shelf-pack cursor + parameters for runtime atlas packing. Mutated by\n *  `appendSpriteAtlasFrames` to track free space across calls. */\nexport interface SpriteAtlasPackState {\n    /** Current shelf x-cursor (px). */\n    penX: number;\n    /** Current shelf y-cursor (px). */\n    penY: number;\n    /** Height of the current shelf (px); the next shelf will start at `penY + shelfHeight + padding`. */\n    shelfHeight: number;\n    /** Shelf wrap width (px); from `SpriteAtlasPackOptions.maxWidthPx`. */\n    maxWidth: number;\n    /** Gap between packed frames (px); from `SpriteAtlasPackOptions.paddingPx`. */\n    padding: number;\n}\n\n/** Options for `createGridSpriteAtlas`. */\nexport interface GridAtlasOptions {\n    cellWidthPx: number;\n    cellHeightPx: number;\n    /** Defaults to `floor(textureWidth / cellWidthPx)`. */\n    columns?: number;\n    /** Defaults to `floor(textureHeight / cellHeightPx)`. */\n    rows?: number;\n    marginPx?: number;\n    spacingPx?: number;\n    /** Default `[0.5, 0.5]`. */\n    pivot?: readonly [number, number];\n    premultipliedAlpha?: boolean;\n}\n\n/** Options for `loadSpriteAtlas`. 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Default `false`.\n     *  Pair with `premultipliedAlpha: true` for the premultiplied blend pipeline. */\n    premultiplyOnLoad?: boolean;\n    textureOptions?: Texture2DOptions;\n}\n\n/**\n * Build a `SpriteAtlas` from a uniform grid over an existing texture. All\n * cells share the supplied pivot. Frames are emitted row-major (top-left\n * first). No name lookup map is populated because grid cells have no names.\n */\nexport function createGridSpriteAtlas(texture: Texture2D, options: GridAtlasOptions): SpriteAtlas {\n    const cellW = options.cellWidthPx;\n    const cellH = options.cellHeightPx;\n    const margin = options.marginPx ?? 0;\n    const spacing = options.spacingPx ?? 0;\n    const cols = options.columns ?? Math.max(1, Math.floor((texture.width - margin * 2 + spacing) / (cellW + spacing)));\n    const rows = options.rows ?? Math.max(1, Math.floor((texture.height - margin * 2 + spacing) / (cellH + spacing)));\n    const pivot = options.pivot ?? 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package/lib/sprite/sprite-2d-coverage-gamma.js

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import { makeSpritePrologueWgsl } from './sprite-pipeline.js';
+import { _registerSpriteCoverageGammaHook } from './sprite-coverage-gamma-hook.js';
+
+function makeCoverageGammaWgsl(hasDepth, spriteGroupIndex, uvScroll) {
+  return `${makeSpritePrologueWgsl(hasDepth, spriteGroupIndex, uvScroll)}
+@fragment
+fn fs(in: O) -> @location(0) vec4f {
+let s = textureSample(atlasTex, atlasSamp, in.uv);
+let a = pow(s.a, L.aa.x);
+return vec4f(s.rgb, a) * in.tint * L.opacityMul;
+}`;
+}
+let _shaderCache = null;
+function getCoverageGammaShaderModule(engine, hasDepth, uvScroll) {
+  const device = engine._device;
+  const cache = _shaderCache ??= /* @__PURE__ */ new WeakMap();
+  let perDevice = cache.get(device);
+  if (!perDevice) {
+    perDevice = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
+    cache.set(device, perDevice);
+  }
+  const key = `${hasDepth ? 1 : 0}:${uvScroll ? 1 : 0}`;
+  let module = perDevice.get(key);
+  if (!module) {
+    module = device.createShaderModule({ code: makeCoverageGammaWgsl(hasDepth, hasDepth ? 1 : 0, uvScroll) });
+    perDevice.set(key, module);
+  }
+  return module;
+}
+function isGammaActive(layer) {
+  const g = layer._coverageGamma;
+  return g != null && Number.isFinite(g) && g > 0 && g !== 1;
+}
+const COVERAGE_GAMMA_HOOK = {
+  pipelineKeyPart(layer) {
+    return isGammaActive(layer) ? "1" : "0";
+  },
+  shaderModule(engine, hasDepth, layer) {
+    if (!isGammaActive(layer)) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    return getCoverageGammaShaderModule(engine, hasDepth, layer._uvScrollAttr != null);
+  },
+  writeUbo(layer, ubo) {
+    if (isGammaActive(layer)) {
+      ubo[12] = 1 / layer._coverageGamma;
+    } else {
+      ubo[12] = 0;
+    }
+  }
+};
+function setSprite2DCoverageGamma(layer, gamma) {
+  _registerSpriteCoverageGammaHook(COVERAGE_GAMMA_HOOK);
+  layer._coverageGamma = gamma;
+}
+
+export { setSprite2DCoverageGamma };
+//# sourceMappingURL=sprite-2d-coverage-gamma.js.map

package/lib/sprite/sprite-2d-coverage-gamma.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"sprite-2d-coverage-gamma.js","sources":["../../../src/sprite/sprite-2d-coverage-gamma.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * Opt-in coverage-gamma feature for `Sprite2DLayer` (glyph-atlas \"stem darkening\").\n *\n * Importing `setSprite2DCoverageGamma` is the trigger that pulls this module — and with it the\n * gamma fragment permutation, the `aa.x` UBO writer, and the pipeline-key part — into the bundle.\n * Sprite scenes that never call the setter keep the coverage-gamma hook `null`, so the\n * always-loaded sprite pipeline (`sprite-pipeline.ts`) carries zero gamma bytes.\n *\n * The hook methods take the layer **opaquely**; all `_coverageGamma` property access happens here,\n * in the tree-shaken module, so even the field-name string stays out of the always-loaded path —\n * mirroring the custom-shader hook (`sprite-fx-hook.ts`).\n */\nimport type { EngineContext } from \"../engine/engine.js\";\nimport type { Sprite2DLayer } from \"./sprite-2d.js\";\nimport { makeSpritePrologueWgsl } from \"./sprite-pipeline.js\";\nimport type { SpriteCoverageGammaHook } from \"./sprite-coverage-gamma-hook.js\";\nimport { _registerSpriteCoverageGammaHook } from \"./sprite-coverage-gamma-hook.js\";\n\n/**\n * Coverage-gamma sprite shader: the base prologue (vertex stage + `Layer` UBO with its `aa`\n * slot) plus a fragment that raises sampled alpha to `1/coverageGamma` (`L.aa.x`) so anti-aliased\n * glyph edges composite heavier, mimicking gamma-space stem darkening.\n */\nfunction makeCoverageGammaWgsl(hasDepth: boolean, spriteGroupIndex: 0 | 1, uvScroll: boolean): string {\n    return `${makeSpritePrologueWgsl(hasDepth, spriteGroupIndex, uvScroll)}\n@fragment\nfn fs(in: O) -> @location(0) vec4f {\nlet s = textureSample(atlasTex, atlasSamp, in.uv);\nlet a = pow(s.a, L.aa.x);\nreturn vec4f(s.rgb, a) * in.tint * L.opacityMul;\n}`;\n}\n\nlet _shaderCache: WeakMap<GPUDevice, Map<string, GPUShaderModule>> | null = null;\n\nfunction getCoverageGammaShaderModule(engine: EngineContext, hasDepth: boolean, uvScroll: boolean): GPUShaderModule {\n    const device = engine._device;\n    const cache = (_shaderCache ??= new WeakMap());\n    let perDevice = cache.get(device);\n    if (!perDevice) {\n        perDevice = new Map();\n        cache.set(device, perDevice);\n    }\n    const key = `${hasDepth ? 1 : 0}:${uvScroll ? 1 : 0}`;\n    let module = perDevice.get(key);\n    if (!module) {\n        module = device.createShaderModule({ code: makeCoverageGammaWgsl(hasDepth, hasDepth ? 1 : 0, uvScroll) });\n        perDevice.set(key, module);\n    }\n    return module;\n}\n\n/**\n * True when `layer` has an active coverage gamma set via the opt-in setter. Active requires a\n * **finite, positive, non-identity** value: `1` is the identity no-op, and `0` / negative / `NaN` /\n * `Infinity` are rejected so `writeUbo` never produces a non-finite `1/gamma` exponent for `pow`.\n */\nfunction isGammaActive(layer: Sprite2DLayer): boolean {\n    const g = layer._coverageGamma;\n    return g != null && Number.isFinite(g) && g > 0 && g !== 1;\n}\n\nconst COVERAGE_GAMMA_HOOK: SpriteCoverageGammaHook = {\n    pipelineKeyPart(layer: Sprite2DLayer): string {\n        return isGammaActive(layer) ? \"1\" : \"0\";\n    },\n    shaderModule(engine: EngineContext, hasDepth: boolean, layer: Sprite2DLayer): GPUShaderModule | null {\n        if (!isGammaActive(layer)) {\n            return null;\n        }\n        return getCoverageGammaShaderModule(engine, hasDepth, layer._uvScrollAttr != null);\n    },\n    writeUbo(layer: Sprite2DLayer, ubo: Float32Array): void {\n        // aa.x = 1/coverageGamma for active gamma layers; 0 otherwise (the base shader ignores aa,\n        // but the reused scratch UBO must stay deterministic across mixed gamma / non-gamma layers).\n        if (isGammaActive(layer)) {\n            ubo[12] = 1 / layer._coverageGamma!;\n        } else {\n            ubo[12] = 0;\n        }\n    },\n};\n\n/**\n * Enable (or update) coverage gamma on a sprite layer for anti-aliased glyph \"stem darkening\".\n *\n * Coverage gamma raises the layer's sampled texture alpha to `1/coverageGamma` in the fragment\n * shader, thickening anti-aliased edges to mimic the gamma-space blending of native text\n * rasterizers (DirectWrite/CoreText). Intended for glyph-atlas (bitmap text) layers drawn into an\n * sRGB (linear-blended) surface, where correct linear AA otherwise makes text look lighter/thinner.\n * Values `> 1` thicken; `1` is a no-op (identity) and disables the effect. Non-finite or non-positive\n * values (`0`, negatives, `NaN`, `Infinity`) are also treated as disabled (the base shader is used).\n *\n * **Opt-in & tree-shakable:** importing this function is what pulls the coverage-gamma shader\n * permutation and UBO writer into the bundle. Sprite scenes that never call it ship zero gamma\n * bytes. The gamma value is stored internally on the layer and is *only* settable through this\n * function — there is no create-time option and no public field, so a value can never be written\n * that the renderer would silently ignore. Call it before `createSpriteRenderer` /\n * `addDepthHostedSpriteLayer` so the layer's first pipeline is built with the gamma permutation;\n * calling it later is also safe — the renderer re-fetches the pipeline each frame and rebuilds it\n * with the gamma permutation on the next frame.\n *\n * @param layer - The sprite layer to configure.\n * @param gamma - Coverage gamma. Typical text values are ~1.8–2.2; `1` disables the effect.\n */\nexport function setSprite2DCoverageGamma(layer: Sprite2DLayer, gamma: number): void {\n    _registerSpriteCoverageGammaHook(COVERAGE_GAMMA_HOOK);\n    (layer as { _coverageGamma?: number })._coverageGamma = gamma;\n}\n"],"names":[],"mappings":";;;AAuBA,SAAS,qBAAA,CAAsB,QAAA,EAAmB,gBAAA,EAAyB,QAAA,EAA2B;AAClG,EAAA,OAAO,CAAA,EAAG,sBAAA,CAAuB,QAAA,EAAU,gBAAA,EAAkB,QAAQ,CAAC;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA,CAAA,CAAA;AAO1E;AAEA,IAAI,YAAA,GAAwE,IAAA;AAE5E,SAAS,4BAAA,CAA6B,MAAA,EAAuB,QAAA,EAAmB,QAAA,EAAoC;AAChH,EAAA,MAAM,SAAS,MAAA,CAAO,OAAA;AACtB,EAAA,MAAM,KAAA,GAAS,YAAA,qBAAiB,IAAI,OAAA,EAAQ;AAC5C,EAAA,IAAI,SAAA,GAAY,KAAA,CAAM,GAAA,CAAI,MAAM,CAAA;AAChC,EAAA,IAAI,CAAC,SAAA,EAAW;AACZ,IAAA,SAAA,uBAAgB,GAAA,EAAI;AACpB,IAAA,KAAA,CAAM,GAAA,CAAI,QAAQ,SAAS,CAAA;AAAA,EAC/B;AACA,EAAA,MAAM,GAAA,GAAM,GAAG,QAAA,GAAW,CAAA,GAAI,CAAC,CAAA,CAAA,EAAI,QAAA,GAAW,IAAI,CAAC,CAAA,CAAA;AACnD,EAAA,IAAI,MAAA,GAAS,SAAA,CAAU,GAAA,CAAI,GAAG,CAAA;AAC9B,EAAA,IAAI,CAAC,MAAA,EAAQ;AACT,IAAA,MAAA,GAAS,MAAA,CAAO,kBAAA,CAAmB,EAAE,IAAA,EAAM,qBAAA,CAAsB,QAAA,EAAU,QAAA,GAAW,CAAA,GAAI,CAAA,EAAG,QAAQ,CAAA,EAAG,CAAA;AACxG,IAAA,SAAA,CAAU,GAAA,CAAI,KAAK,MAAM,CAAA;AAAA,EAC7B;AACA,EAAA,OAAO,MAAA;AACX;AAOA,SAAS,cAAc,KAAA,EAA+B;AAClD,EAAA,MAAM,IAAI,KAAA,CAAM,cAAA;AAChB,EAAA,OAAO,CAAA,IAAK,QAAQ,MAAA,CAAO,QAAA,CAAS,CAAC,CAAA,IAAK,CAAA,GAAI,KAAK,CAAA,KAAM,CAAA;AAC7D;AAEA,MAAM,mBAAA,GAA+C;AAAA,EACjD,gBAAgB,KAAA,EAA8B;AAC1C,IAAA,OAAO,aAAA,CAAc,KAAK,CAAA,GAAI,GAAA,GAAM,GAAA;AAAA,EACxC,CAAA;AAAA,EACA,YAAA,CAAa,MAAA,EAAuB,QAAA,EAAmB,KAAA,EAA8C;AACjG,IAAA,IAAI,CAAC,aAAA,CAAc,KAAK,CAAA,EAAG;AACvB,MAAA,OAAO,IAAA;AAAA,IACX;AACA,IAAA,OAAO,4BAAA,CAA6B,MAAA,EAAQ,QAAA,EAAU,KAAA,CAAM,iBAAiB,IAAI,CAAA;AAAA,EACrF,CAAA;AAAA,EACA,QAAA,CAAS,OAAsB,GAAA,EAAyB;AAGpD,IAAA,IAAI,aAAA,CAAc,KAAK,CAAA,EAAG;AACtB,MAAA,GAAA,CAAI,EAAE,CAAA,GAAI,CAAA,GAAI,KAAA,CAAM,cAAA;AAAA,IACxB,CAAA,MAAO;AACH,MAAA,GAAA,CAAI,EAAE,CAAA,GAAI,CAAA;AAAA,IACd;AAAA,EACJ;AACJ,CAAA;AAwBO,SAAS,wBAAA,CAAyB,OAAsB,KAAA,EAAqB;AAChF,EAAA,gCAAA,CAAiC,mBAAmB,CAAA;AACpD,EAAC,MAAsC,cAAA,GAAiB,KAAA;AAC5D;;;;"}