@aztec/stdlib 0.0.1-commit.b655e406 → 0.0.1-commit.c0b82b2

package/src/database-version/database_version.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import { EthAddress } from '@aztec/foundation/eth-address';
+import { jsonParseWithSchema, jsonStringify } from '@aztec/foundation/json-rpc';
+
+import { z } from 'zod';
+
+/**
+ * Symbol for Node.js custom inspect. Using Symbol.for() is the documented way to
+ * reference this without importing node:util. In browsers, objects with this symbol
+ * simply won't have custom inspect behavior (which is fine).
+ * @see https://nodejs.org/api/util.html#utilinspectcustom
+ */
+const inspectCustomSymbol = Symbol.for('nodejs.util.inspect.custom');
+
+/**
+ * Represents a version record for storing in a version file.
+ */
+export class DatabaseVersion {
+  constructor(
+    /** The version of the data on disk. Used to perform upgrades */
+    public readonly schemaVersion: number,
+    /** The rollup the data pertains to */
+    public readonly rollupAddress: EthAddress,
+  ) {}
+
+  public toBuffer(): Buffer {
+    return Buffer.from(jsonStringify(this));
+  }
+
+  public static fromBuffer(buf: Buffer): DatabaseVersion {
+    try {
+      return jsonParseWithSchema(buf.toString('utf-8'), DatabaseVersion.schema);
+    } catch (err) {
+      throw new Error(`Failed to deserialize version information: ${err}`, { cause: err });
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Compares two versions. If the rollups addresses are different then it returns undefined
+   */
+  public cmp(other: DatabaseVersion): undefined | -1 | 0 | 1 {
+    if (this.rollupAddress.equals(other.rollupAddress)) {
+      if (this.schemaVersion < other.schemaVersion) {
+        return -1;
+      } else if (this.schemaVersion > other.schemaVersion) {
+        return 1;
+      } else {
+        return 0;
+      }
+    }
+    return undefined;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Checks if two versions exactly match
+   */
+  public equals(other: DatabaseVersion): boolean {
+    return this.cmp(other) === 0;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the schema for this class
+   */
+  static get schema() {
+    return z
+      .object({
+        schemaVersion: z.number(),
+        rollupAddress: EthAddress.schema,
+      })
+      .transform(({ schemaVersion, rollupAddress }) => new DatabaseVersion(schemaVersion, rollupAddress));
+  }
+
+  /** Allows for better introspection in Node.js console. Ignored in browser envs. */
+  public [inspectCustomSymbol](): string {
+    return this.toString();
+  }
+
+  public toString(): string {
+    return `DatabaseVersion{schemaVersion=${this.schemaVersion},rollupAddress=${this.rollupAddress}"}`;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns an empty instance
+   */
+  static empty() {
+    return new DatabaseVersion(0, EthAddress.ZERO);
+  }
+}

package/src/database-version/version_manager.ts

@@ -1,86 +1,10 @@
 import { EthAddress } from '@aztec/foundation/eth-address';
-import { jsonParseWithSchema, jsonStringify } from '@aztec/foundation/json-rpc';
 import { type Logger, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 
 import fs from 'fs/promises';
-import { inspect } from 'node:util';
 import { join } from 'path';
-import { z } from 'zod';
 
-/**
- * Represents a version record for storing in a version file.
- */
-export class DatabaseVersion {
-  constructor(
-    /** The version of the data on disk. Used to perform upgrades */
-    public readonly schemaVersion: number,
-    /** The rollup the data pertains to */
-    public readonly rollupAddress: EthAddress,
-  ) {}
-
-  public toBuffer(): Buffer {
-    return Buffer.from(jsonStringify(this));
-  }
-
-  public static fromBuffer(buf: Buffer): DatabaseVersion {
-    try {
-      return jsonParseWithSchema(buf.toString('utf-8'), DatabaseVersion.schema);
-    } catch (err) {
-      throw new Error(`Failed to deserialize version information: ${err}`, { cause: err });
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Compares two versions. If the rollups addresses are different then it returns undefined
-   */
-  public cmp(other: DatabaseVersion): undefined | -1 | 0 | 1 {
-    if (this.rollupAddress.equals(other.rollupAddress)) {
-      if (this.schemaVersion < other.schemaVersion) {
-        return -1;
-      } else if (this.schemaVersion > other.schemaVersion) {
-        return 1;
-      } else {
-        return 0;
-      }
-    }
-    return undefined;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Checks if two versions exactly match
-   */
-  public equals(other: DatabaseVersion): boolean {
-    return this.cmp(other) === 0;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Returns the schema for this class
-   */
-  static get schema() {
-    return z
-      .object({
-        schemaVersion: z.number(),
-        rollupAddress: EthAddress.schema,
-      })
-      .transform(({ schemaVersion, rollupAddress }) => new DatabaseVersion(schemaVersion, rollupAddress));
-  }
-
-  /** Allows for better introspection. */
-  public [inspect.custom](): string {
-    return this.toString();
-  }
-
-  public toString(): string {
-    return `DatabaseVersion{schemaVersion=${this.schemaVersion},rollupAddress=${this.rollupAddress}"}`;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Returns an empty instance
-   */
-  static empty() {
-    return new DatabaseVersion(0, EthAddress.ZERO);
-  }
-}
+import { DatabaseVersion } from './database_version.js';
 
 export type DatabaseVersionManagerFs = Pick<typeof fs, 'readFile' | 'writeFile' | 'rm' | 'mkdir'>;
 

package/src/delayed_public_mutable/delayed_public_mutable_values.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { UPDATES_VALUE_SIZE } from '@aztec/constants';
-import { poseidon2Hash } from '@aztec/foundation/crypto';
-import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
+import { poseidon2Hash } from '@aztec/foundation/crypto/poseidon';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 import { BufferReader, FieldReader, serializeToBuffer } from '@aztec/foundation/serialize';
 
 import { ScheduledDelayChange } from './scheduled_delay_change.js';
@@ -68,23 +68,22 @@ export class DelayedPublicMutableValues {
   }
 
   static async readFromTree(delayedPublicMutableSlot: Fr, readStorage: (storageSlot: Fr) => Promise<Fr>) {
-    const fields = [];
-    for (let i = 0; i < DELAYED_PUBLIC_MUTABLE_VALUES_LEN; i++) {
-      fields.push(await readStorage(delayedPublicMutableSlot.add(new Fr(i))));
-    }
-    return DelayedPublicMutableValues.fromFields(fields);
+    const fieldPromises = Array.from({ length: DELAYED_PUBLIC_MUTABLE_VALUES_LEN }).map((_, i) =>
+      readStorage(delayedPublicMutableSlot.add(new Fr(i))),
+    );
+    return DelayedPublicMutableValues.fromFields(await Promise.all(fieldPromises));
   }
 
   isEmpty(): boolean {
     return this.svc.isEmpty() && this.sdc.isEmpty();
   }
 
-  async writeToTree(delayedPublicMutableSlot: Fr, storageWrite: (storageSlot: Fr, value: Fr) => Promise<void>) {
-    const fields = this.toFields();
+  writeToTree(delayedPublicMutableSlot: Fr, storageWrite: (storageSlot: Fr, value: Fr) => Promise<void>) {
+    const fieldPromises = this.toFields().map((field, i) =>
+      storageWrite(delayedPublicMutableSlot.add(new Fr(i)), field),
+    );
 
-    for (let i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
-      await storageWrite(delayedPublicMutableSlot.add(new Fr(i)), fields[i]);
-    }
+    return Promise.all(fieldPromises);
   }
 
   async hash(): Promise<Fr> {

package/src/delayed_public_mutable/delayed_public_mutable_values_with_hash.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { UPDATED_CLASS_IDS_SLOT } from '@aztec/constants';
-import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 
 import type { AztecAddress } from '../aztec-address/index.js';
 import { deriveStorageSlotInMap } from '../hash/map_slot.js';

package/src/delayed_public_mutable/scheduled_value_change.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 
 import type { UInt64 } from '../types/shared.js';
 

package/src/deserialization/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/**
+ * Constants for deserialization bounds checking.
+ * These constants define maximum allowed sizes during deserialization
+ * to prevent DoS attacks via maliciously crafted messages.
+ */
+import { BLOBS_PER_CHECKPOINT, FIELDS_PER_BLOB } from '@aztec/constants';
+
+/** Max transactions per block for deserialization validation */
+export const MAX_TXS_PER_BLOCK = 2 ** 16;
+
+/** Max committee size - theoretical max from bitmap design (256 bytes × 8 bits) */
+export const MAX_COMMITTEE_SIZE = 2048;
+
+/** Max blocks per checkpoint */
+export const MAX_BLOCKS_PER_CHECKPOINT = 72;
+
+/** Max tx effects per body (based on blob capacity per checkpoint) */
+export const MAX_TX_EFFECTS_PER_BODY = BLOBS_PER_CHECKPOINT * FIELDS_PER_BLOB;
+
+/** Max block hash string length (hex: 0x + 64 chars, with generous headroom) */
+export const MAX_BLOCK_HASH_STRING_LENGTH = 128;

package/src/epoch-helpers/index.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
+import { EpochNumber, SlotNumber } from '@aztec/foundation/branded-types';
+
 import { z } from 'zod';
 
-import { type ZodFor, schemas } from '../schemas/index.js';
+import { schemas, zodFor } from '../schemas/index.js';
 
 export type L1RollupConstants = {
   l1StartBlock: bigint;
@@ -9,6 +11,7 @@ export type L1RollupConstants = {
   epochDuration: number;
   ethereumSlotDuration: number;
   proofSubmissionEpochs: number;
+  targetCommitteeSize: number;
 };
 
 export const EmptyL1RollupConstants: L1RollupConstants = {
@@ -18,50 +21,68 @@ export const EmptyL1RollupConstants: L1RollupConstants = {
   slotDuration: 1,
   ethereumSlotDuration: 1,
   proofSubmissionEpochs: 1,
+  targetCommitteeSize: 48,
 };
 
-export const L1RollupConstantsSchema = z.object({
-  l1StartBlock: schemas.BigInt,
-  l1GenesisTime: schemas.BigInt,
-  slotDuration: z.number(),
-  epochDuration: z.number(),
-  ethereumSlotDuration: z.number(),
-  proofSubmissionEpochs: z.number(),
-}) satisfies ZodFor<L1RollupConstants>;
+export const L1RollupConstantsSchema = zodFor<L1RollupConstants>()(
+  z.object({
+    l1StartBlock: schemas.BigInt,
+    l1GenesisTime: schemas.BigInt,
+    slotDuration: z.number(),
+    epochDuration: z.number(),
+    ethereumSlotDuration: z.number(),
+    proofSubmissionEpochs: z.number(),
+    targetCommitteeSize: z.number(),
+  }),
+);
 
 /** Returns the timestamp for a given L2 slot. */
 export function getTimestampForSlot(
-  slot: bigint,
+  slot: SlotNumber,
   constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'l1GenesisTime' | 'slotDuration'>,
 ) {
-  return constants.l1GenesisTime + slot * BigInt(constants.slotDuration);
+  return constants.l1GenesisTime + BigInt(slot) * BigInt(constants.slotDuration);
 }
 
 /** Returns the slot number for a given timestamp. */
-export function getSlotAtTimestamp(ts: bigint, constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'l1GenesisTime' | 'slotDuration'>) {
-  return ts < constants.l1GenesisTime ? 0n : (ts - constants.l1GenesisTime) / BigInt(constants.slotDuration);
+export function getSlotAtTimestamp(
+  ts: bigint,
+  constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'l1GenesisTime' | 'slotDuration'>,
+): SlotNumber {
+  return ts < constants.l1GenesisTime
+    ? SlotNumber.ZERO
+    : SlotNumber.fromBigInt((ts - constants.l1GenesisTime) / BigInt(constants.slotDuration));
+}
+
+/** Returns the L2 slot number at the next L1 block based on the current timestamp. */
+export function getSlotAtNextL1Block(
+  currentL1Timestamp: bigint,
+  constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'l1GenesisTime' | 'slotDuration' | 'ethereumSlotDuration'>,
+): SlotNumber {
+  const nextL1BlockTimestamp = currentL1Timestamp + BigInt(constants.ethereumSlotDuration);
+  return getSlotAtTimestamp(nextL1BlockTimestamp, constants);
 }
 
 /** Returns the epoch number for a given timestamp. */
 export function getEpochNumberAtTimestamp(
   ts: bigint,
   constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'epochDuration' | 'slotDuration' | 'l1GenesisTime'>,
-) {
+): EpochNumber {
   return getEpochAtSlot(getSlotAtTimestamp(ts, constants), constants);
 }
 
 /** Returns the epoch number for a given slot. */
-export function getEpochAtSlot(slot: bigint, constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'epochDuration'>) {
-  return slot / BigInt(constants.epochDuration);
+export function getEpochAtSlot(slot: SlotNumber, constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'epochDuration'>): EpochNumber {
+  return EpochNumber.fromBigInt(BigInt(slot) / BigInt(constants.epochDuration));
 }
 
 /** Returns the range of L2 slots (inclusive) for a given epoch number. */
 export function getSlotRangeForEpoch(
-  epochNumber: bigint,
+  epochNumber: EpochNumber,
   constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'epochDuration'>,
-): [bigint, bigint] {
-  const startSlot = epochNumber * BigInt(constants.epochDuration);
-  return [startSlot, startSlot + BigInt(constants.epochDuration) - 1n];
+): [SlotNumber, SlotNumber] {
+  const startSlot = SlotNumber(Number(epochNumber) * constants.epochDuration);
+  return [startSlot, SlotNumber(startSlot + constants.epochDuration - 1)];
 }
 
 /**
@@ -69,15 +90,15 @@ export function getSlotRangeForEpoch(
  * Note that the endTimestamp is the start timestamp of the last L1 slot for the epoch.
  */
 export function getTimestampRangeForEpoch(
-  epochNumber: bigint,
+  epochNumber: EpochNumber,
   constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'l1GenesisTime' | 'slotDuration' | 'epochDuration' | 'ethereumSlotDuration'>,
 ): [bigint, bigint] {
   const [startSlot, endSlot] = getSlotRangeForEpoch(epochNumber, constants);
   const ethereumSlotsPerL2Slot = constants.slotDuration / constants.ethereumSlotDuration;
   return [
-    constants.l1GenesisTime + startSlot * BigInt(constants.slotDuration),
+    constants.l1GenesisTime + BigInt(startSlot) * BigInt(constants.slotDuration),
     constants.l1GenesisTime +
-      endSlot * BigInt(constants.slotDuration) +
+      BigInt(endSlot) * BigInt(constants.slotDuration) +
       BigInt((ethereumSlotsPerL2Slot - 1) * constants.ethereumSlotDuration),
   ];
 }
@@ -86,7 +107,7 @@ export function getTimestampRangeForEpoch(
  * Returns the start timestamp for a given epoch number.
  */
 export function getStartTimestampForEpoch(
-  epochNumber: bigint,
+  epochNumber: EpochNumber,
   constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'l1GenesisTime' | 'slotDuration' | 'epochDuration'>,
 ) {
   const [startSlot] = getSlotRangeForEpoch(epochNumber, constants);
@@ -98,10 +119,10 @@ export function getStartTimestampForEpoch(
  * See l1-contracts/src/core/libraries/TimeLib.sol
  */
 export function getProofSubmissionDeadlineEpoch(
-  epochNumber: bigint,
+  epochNumber: EpochNumber,
   constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'proofSubmissionEpochs'>,
-) {
-  return epochNumber + BigInt(constants.proofSubmissionEpochs + 1);
+): EpochNumber {
+  return EpochNumber(epochNumber + constants.proofSubmissionEpochs + 1);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -109,7 +130,7 @@ export function getProofSubmissionDeadlineEpoch(
  * Computed as the start of the given epoch plus the proof submission window.
  */
 export function getProofSubmissionDeadlineTimestamp(
-  epochNumber: bigint,
+  epochNumber: EpochNumber,
   constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'l1GenesisTime' | 'slotDuration' | 'epochDuration' | 'proofSubmissionEpochs'>,
 ) {
   // See l1-contracts/src/core/libraries/TimeLib.sol:
@@ -121,8 +142,8 @@ export function getProofSubmissionDeadlineTimestamp(
 
 /** Returns the timestamp to start building a block for a given L2 slot. Computed as the start timestamp of the slot minus one L1 slot duration. */
 export function getSlotStartBuildTimestamp(
-  slotNumber: number | bigint,
+  slotNumber: SlotNumber,
   constants: Pick<L1RollupConstants, 'l1GenesisTime' | 'slotDuration' | 'ethereumSlotDuration'>,
 ): number {
-  return Number(constants.l1GenesisTime) + Number(slotNumber) * constants.slotDuration - constants.ethereumSlotDuration;
+  return Number(constants.l1GenesisTime) + slotNumber * constants.slotDuration - constants.ethereumSlotDuration;
 }

package/src/errors/simulation_error.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
+import type { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 
 import { z } from 'zod';
 

package/src/fees/transaction_fee.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
+import type { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 
 import { strict as assert } from 'assert';
 

package/src/file-store/http.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import { createWriteStream } from 'fs';
 import { mkdir } from 'fs/promises';
 import { dirname } from 'path';
 import { Readable } from 'stream';
-import { finished } from 'stream/promises';
+import { pipeline } from 'stream/promises';
 
 import type { ReadOnlyFileStore } from './interface.js';
 
@@ -43,11 +43,14 @@ export class HttpFileStore implements ReadOnlyFileStore {
   public async download(pathOrUrl: string, destPath: string): Promise<void> {
     const url = this.getUrl(pathOrUrl);
     try {
+      this.log.debug(`Downloading file from ${url} to ${destPath}`);
       const response = await this.fetch<Readable>({ url, method: 'GET', responseType: 'stream' });
+      this.log.debug(`Response ${response.status} (${response.statusText}) from ${url}, writing to ${destPath}`);
       await mkdir(dirname(destPath), { recursive: true });
-      await finished(response.data.pipe(createWriteStream(destPath)));
+      await pipeline(response.data, createWriteStream(destPath));
+      this.log.debug(`Download of ${url} to ${destPath} complete`);
     } catch (error) {
-      throw new Error(`Error fetching file from ${url}: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`);
+      throw new Error(`Error fetching file from ${url}`, { cause: error });
     }
   }
 

package/src/file-store/local.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,21 @@
 import { access, mkdir, readFile, writeFile } from 'fs/promises';
 import { dirname, resolve } from 'path';
+import { promisify } from 'util';
+import { gunzip as gunzipCb, gzip as gzipCb } from 'zlib';
 
-import type { FileStore } from './interface.js';
+import type { FileStore, FileStoreSaveOptions } from './interface.js';
+
+const gzip = promisify(gzipCb);
+const gunzip = promisify(gunzipCb);
 
 export class LocalFileStore implements FileStore {
   constructor(private readonly basePath: string) {}
 
-  public async save(path: string, data: Buffer): Promise<string> {
+  public async save(path: string, data: Buffer, opts?: FileStoreSaveOptions): Promise<string> {
     const fullPath = this.getFullPath(path);
     await mkdir(dirname(fullPath), { recursive: true });
-    await writeFile(fullPath, data);
+    const toWrite = opts?.compress ? await gzip(data) : data;
+    await writeFile(fullPath, toWrite);
     return `file://${fullPath}`;
   }
 
@@ -18,9 +24,13 @@ export class LocalFileStore implements FileStore {
     return this.save(destPath, data);
   }
 
-  public read(pathOrUrlStr: string): Promise<Buffer> {
+  public async read(pathOrUrlStr: string): Promise<Buffer> {
     const fullPath = this.getFullPath(pathOrUrlStr);
-    return readFile(fullPath);
+    const data = await readFile(fullPath);
+    if (data.length >= 2 && data[0] === 0x1f && data[1] === 0x8b) {
+      return await gunzip(data);
+    }
+    return data;
   }
 
   public async download(pathOrUrlStr: string, destPath: string): Promise<void> {

package/src/file-store/s3.ts

@@ -12,11 +12,15 @@ import { mkdir, mkdtemp, stat, unlink } from 'fs/promises';
 import { tmpdir } from 'os';
 import { basename, dirname, join } from 'path';
 import { Readable } from 'stream';
-import { finished } from 'stream/promises';
-import { createGzip } from 'zlib';
+import { pipeline } from 'stream/promises';
+import { promisify } from 'util';
+import { createGzip, gunzip as gunzipCb, gzip as gzipCb } from 'zlib';
 
 import type { FileStore, FileStoreSaveOptions } from './interface.js';
 
+const gzip = promisify(gzipCb);
+const gunzip = promisify(gunzipCb);
+
 function normalizeBasePath(path: string): string {
   return path?.replace(/^\/+|\/+$/g, '') ?? '';
 }
@@ -52,7 +56,7 @@ export class S3FileStore implements FileStore {
     const key = this.getFullPath(path);
     const shouldCompress = !!opts.compress;
 
-    const body = shouldCompress ? (await import('zlib')).gzipSync(data) : data;
+    const body = shouldCompress ? await gzip(data) : data;
     const contentLength = body.length;
     const contentType = this.detectContentType(key, shouldCompress);
     const put = new PutObjectCommand({
@@ -60,6 +64,7 @@ export class S3FileStore implements FileStore {
       Key: key,
       Body: body,
       ContentType: contentType,
+      ContentEncoding: shouldCompress ? 'gzip' : undefined,
       CacheControl: opts.metadata?.['Cache-control'],
       Metadata: this.extractUserMetadata(opts.metadata),
       ContentLength: contentLength,
@@ -88,11 +93,8 @@ export class S3FileStore implements FileStore {
       // Pre-gzip to a temp file so we know the exact length for R2/S3 headers
       const tmpDir = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), 's3-upload-'));
       const gzPath = join(tmpDir, `${basename(srcPath)}.gz`);
-      const source = createReadStream(srcPath);
-      const gz = createGzip();
-      const out = createWriteStream(gzPath);
       try {
-        await finished(source.pipe(gz).pipe(out));
+        await pipeline(createReadStream(srcPath), createGzip(), createWriteStream(gzPath));
         const st = await stat(gzPath);
         contentLength = st.size;
         bodyPath = gzPath;
@@ -137,15 +139,18 @@ export class S3FileStore implements FileStore {
     for await (const chunk of stream) {
       chunks.push(Buffer.isBuffer(chunk) ? chunk : Buffer.from(chunk));
     }
-    return Buffer.concat(chunks);
+    const buffer = Buffer.concat(chunks);
+    if (out.ContentEncoding === 'gzip') {
+      return await gunzip(buffer);
+    }
+    return buffer;
   }
 
   public async download(pathOrUrlStr: string, destPath: string): Promise<void> {
     const { bucket, key } = this.getBucketAndKey(pathOrUrlStr);
     const out: GetObjectCommandOutput = await this.s3.send(new GetObjectCommand({ Bucket: bucket, Key: key }));
     await mkdir(dirname(destPath), { recursive: true });
-    const write = createWriteStream(destPath);
-    await finished((out.Body as Readable).pipe(write));
+    await pipeline(out.Body as Readable, createWriteStream(destPath));
   }
 
   public async exists(pathOrUrlStr: string): Promise<boolean> {

package/src/gas/gas.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 import { schemas } from '@aztec/foundation/schemas';
 import { BufferReader, FieldReader, serializeToBuffer, serializeToFields } from '@aztec/foundation/serialize';
 import type { FieldsOf } from '@aztec/foundation/types';
@@ -48,6 +48,20 @@ export class Gas {
     return new Gas(fields.daGas ?? 0, fields.l2Gas ?? 0);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Creates a Gas instance from a plain object without Zod validation.
+   * This method is optimized for performance and skips validation, making it suitable
+   * for deserializing trusted data (e.g., from C++ via MessagePack).
+   * @param obj - Plain object containing Gas fields
+   * @returns A Gas instance
+   */
+  static fromPlainObject(obj: any): Gas {
+    if (obj instanceof Gas) {
+      return obj;
+    }
+    return Gas.from(obj);
+  }
+
   static empty() {
     return new Gas(0, 0);
   }

package/src/gas/gas_fees.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 import { schemas } from '@aztec/foundation/schemas';
 import {
   BufferReader,
@@ -65,6 +65,20 @@ export class GasFees {
     return new GasFees(fields.feePerDaGas, fields.feePerL2Gas);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Creates a GasFees instance from a plain object without Zod validation.
+   * This method is optimized for performance and skips validation, making it suitable
+   * for deserializing trusted data (e.g., from C++ via MessagePack).
+   * @param obj - Plain object containing GasFees fields
+   * @returns A GasFees instance
+   */
+  static fromPlainObject(obj: any): GasFees {
+    if (obj instanceof GasFees) {
+      return obj;
+    }
+    return GasFees.from(obj);
+  }
+
   static random() {
     return new GasFees(Math.floor(Math.random() * 1e9), Math.floor(Math.random() * 1e9));
   }

package/src/gas/gas_settings.ts

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import {
   DEFAULT_TEARDOWN_L2_GAS_LIMIT,
   GAS_SETTINGS_LENGTH,
 } from '@aztec/constants';
-import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 import { BufferReader, FieldReader, serializeToBuffer, serializeToFields } from '@aztec/foundation/serialize';
 import type { FieldsOf } from '@aztec/foundation/types';
 
@@ -54,6 +54,25 @@ export class GasSettings {
     );
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Creates a GasSettings instance from a plain object without Zod validation.
+   * This method is optimized for performance and skips validation, making it suitable
+   * for deserializing trusted data (e.g., from C++ via MessagePack).
+   * @param obj - Plain object containing GasSettings fields
+   * @returns A GasSettings instance
+   */
+  static fromPlainObject(obj: any): GasSettings {
+    if (obj instanceof GasSettings) {
+      return obj;
+    }
+    return new GasSettings(
+      Gas.fromPlainObject(obj.gasLimits),
+      Gas.fromPlainObject(obj.teardownGasLimits),
+      GasFees.fromPlainObject(obj.maxFeesPerGas),
+      GasFees.fromPlainObject(obj.maxPriorityFeesPerGas),
+    );
+  }
+
   clone() {
     return new GasSettings(
       this.gasLimits.clone(),