@aztec/pxe 5.0.0-private.20260319 → 5.0.0-rc.2

package/dest/private_kernel/private_kernel_execution_prover.js

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { MAX_APPS_PER_KERNEL } from '@aztec/constants';
+import { uniqueBy } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
 import { vkAsFieldsMegaHonk } from '@aztec/foundation/crypto/keys';
 import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
 import { createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
@@ -6,10 +8,12 @@ import { Timer } from '@aztec/foundation/timer';
 import { getVKTreeRoot } from '@aztec/noir-protocol-circuits-types/vk-tree';
 import { ProtocolContractsList } from '@aztec/protocol-contracts';
 import { AztecAddress } from '@aztec/stdlib/aztec-address';
-import { HidingKernelToPublicPrivateInputs, HidingKernelToRollupPrivateInputs, PaddedSideEffectAmounts, PrivateCallData, PrivateKernelCircuitPublicInputs, PrivateKernelData, PrivateKernelInitCircuitPrivateInputs, PrivateKernelInnerCircuitPrivateInputs, PrivateKernelTailCircuitPrivateInputs, PrivateVerificationKeyHints } from '@aztec/stdlib/kernel';
+import { HidingKernelToPublicPrivateInputs, HidingKernelToRollupPrivateInputs, PaddedSideEffectAmounts, PrivateCallData, PrivateKernelCircuitPublicInputs, PrivateKernelData, PrivateKernelInit2CircuitPrivateInputs, PrivateKernelInit3CircuitPrivateInputs, PrivateKernelInitCircuitPrivateInputs, PrivateKernelInner2CircuitPrivateInputs, PrivateKernelInner3CircuitPrivateInputs, PrivateKernelInnerCircuitPrivateInputs, PrivateKernelTailCircuitPrivateInputs, PrivateVerificationKeyHints } from '@aztec/stdlib/kernel';
 import { ChonkProof } from '@aztec/stdlib/proofs';
-import { collectNoteHashNullifierCounterMap, getFinalMinRevertibleSideEffectCounter } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
+import { collectNested, collectNoteHashNullifierCounterMap, getFinalMinRevertibleSideEffectCounter } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
 import { VerificationKeyAsFields, VerificationKeyData, VkData } from '@aztec/stdlib/vks';
+import { BatchPlanner } from './batch_planner.js';
+import { computeTxExpirationTimestamp } from './hints/compute_tx_expiration_timestamp.js';
 import { PrivateKernelResetPrivateInputsBuilder } from './hints/private_kernel_reset_private_inputs_builder.js';
 const NULL_SIMULATE_OUTPUT = {
     publicInputs: PrivateKernelCircuitPublicInputs.empty(),
@@ -26,11 +30,13 @@ const NULL_SIMULATE_OUTPUT = {
     oracle;
     proofCreator;
     fakeProofs;
+    maxBatchSize;
     log;
-    constructor(oracle, proofCreator, fakeProofs = false, bindings){
+    constructor(oracle, proofCreator, fakeProofs = false, bindings, maxBatchSize = MAX_APPS_PER_KERNEL){
         this.oracle = oracle;
         this.proofCreator = proofCreator;
         this.fakeProofs = fakeProofs;
+        this.maxBatchSize = maxBatchSize;
         this.log = createLogger('pxe:private-kernel-execution-prover', bindings);
     }
     /**
@@ -63,6 +69,11 @@ const NULL_SIMULATE_OUTPUT = {
         const noteHashNullifierCounterMap = collectNoteHashNullifierCounterMap(executionResult);
         const minRevertibleSideEffectCounter = getFinalMinRevertibleSideEffectCounter(executionResult);
         const splitCounter = isPrivateOnlyTx ? 0 : minRevertibleSideEffectCounter;
+        // Each kernel iteration absorbs up to `maxBatchSize` apps. The planner walks the upcoming
+        // apps and decides where the next reset must fall by using an accumulator and
+        // reusing the existing single-app `needsReset()` check.
+        const planner = new BatchPlanner(noteHashNullifierCounterMap, splitCounter, this.maxBatchSize);
+        const updatedClassIdHintsMap = await this.prefetchUpdatedClassIdHints(executionResult);
         while(executionStack.length){
             if (!firstIteration) {
                 let resetBuilder = new PrivateKernelResetPrivateInputsBuilder(output, executionStack, noteHashNullifierCounterMap, splitCounter);
@@ -83,54 +94,22 @@ const NULL_SIMULATE_OUTPUT = {
                     resetBuilder = new PrivateKernelResetPrivateInputsBuilder(output, executionStack, noteHashNullifierCounterMap, splitCounter);
                 }
             }
-            const currentExecution = executionStack.pop();
-            executionStack.push(...[
-                ...currentExecution.nestedExecutionResults
-            ].reverse());
-            const functionName = await this.oracle.getDebugFunctionName(currentExecution.publicInputs.callContext.contractAddress, currentExecution.publicInputs.callContext.functionSelector);
-            executionSteps.push({
-                functionName: functionName,
-                bytecode: currentExecution.acir,
-                witness: currentExecution.partialWitness,
-                vk: currentExecution.vk,
-                timings: {
-                    witgen: currentExecution.profileResult?.timings.witgen ?? 0,
-                    oracles: currentExecution.profileResult?.timings.oracles
-                }
-            });
-            const privateCallData = await this.createPrivateCallData(currentExecution);
-            if (firstIteration) {
-                const witgenTimer = new Timer();
-                const proofInput = new PrivateKernelInitCircuitPrivateInputs(txRequest, getVKTreeRoot(), ProtocolContractsList, privateCallData, isPrivateOnlyTx, executionResult.firstNullifier, minRevertibleSideEffectCounter);
-                this.log.debug(`Calling private kernel init with isPrivateOnly ${isPrivateOnlyTx} and firstNullifierHint ${proofInput.firstNullifierHint}`);
-                pushTestData('private-kernel-inputs-init', proofInput);
-                output = generateWitnesses ? await this.proofCreator.generateInitOutput(proofInput) : await this.proofCreator.simulateInit(proofInput);
-                executionSteps.push({
-                    functionName: 'private_kernel_init',
-                    bytecode: output.bytecode,
-                    witness: output.outputWitness,
-                    vk: output.verificationKey.keyAsBytes,
-                    timings: {
-                        witgen: witgenTimer.ms()
-                    }
-                });
-            } else {
-                const witgenTimer = new Timer();
-                const vkData = await this.getVkData(output.verificationKey);
-                const previousKernelData = new PrivateKernelData(output.publicInputs, vkData);
-                const proofInput = new PrivateKernelInnerCircuitPrivateInputs(previousKernelData, privateCallData);
-                pushTestData('private-kernel-inputs-inner', proofInput);
-                output = generateWitnesses ? await this.proofCreator.generateInnerOutput(proofInput) : await this.proofCreator.simulateInner(proofInput);
-                executionSteps.push({
-                    functionName: 'private_kernel_inner',
-                    bytecode: output.bytecode,
-                    witness: output.outputWitness,
-                    vk: output.verificationKey.keyAsBytes,
-                    timings: {
-                        witgen: witgenTimer.ms()
-                    }
-                });
+            const batchSize = planner.decideBatchSize(output.publicInputs, executionStack);
+            const apps = [];
+            for(let i = 0; i < batchSize; i++){
+                apps.push(await this.consumeNextApp(executionStack, executionSteps, updatedClassIdHintsMap));
             }
+            output = await this.runBatchedKernel({
+                apps,
+                firstIteration,
+                previousOutput: output,
+                txRequest,
+                isPrivateOnlyTx,
+                firstNullifierHint: executionResult.firstNullifier,
+                minRevertibleSideEffectCounter,
+                executionSteps,
+                generateWitnesses
+            });
             firstIteration = false;
         }
         // Final reset: include siloing of note hashes, nullifiers and private logs.
@@ -169,13 +148,9 @@ const NULL_SIMULATE_OUTPUT = {
         this.log.debug(`Calling private kernel tail with hwm ${previousKernelData.publicInputs.minRevertibleSideEffectCounter}`);
         // TODO: Enable padding once we better understand the final amounts to pad to.
         const paddedSideEffectAmounts = PaddedSideEffectAmounts.empty();
-        // Use the aggregated expirationTimestamp set throughout the tx execution.
-        // TODO: Call `computeTxExpirationTimestamp` to round the value down and reduce precision, improving privacy.
-        const expirationTimestampUpperBound = previousKernelData.publicInputs.expirationTimestamp;
-        const anchorBlockTimestamp = previousKernelData.publicInputs.constants.anchorBlockHeader.globalVariables.timestamp;
-        if (expirationTimestampUpperBound <= anchorBlockTimestamp) {
-            throw new Error(`Include-by timestamp must be greater than the anchor block timestamp. Anchor block timestamp: ${anchorBlockTimestamp}. Include-by timestamp: ${expirationTimestampUpperBound}.`);
-        }
+        // Round the aggregated expirationTimestamp down to reduce precision and avoid leaking which private
+        // functions were called via their exact expiration offsets.
+        const expirationTimestampUpperBound = computeTxExpirationTimestamp(previousKernelData.publicInputs);
         const privateInputs = new PrivateKernelTailCircuitPrivateInputs(previousKernelData, paddedSideEffectAmounts, expirationTimestampUpperBound);
         const witgenTimer = new Timer();
         const tailOutput = generateWitnesses ? await this.proofCreator.generateTailOutput(privateInputs) : await this.proofCreator.simulateTail(privateInputs);
@@ -269,14 +244,48 @@ const NULL_SIMULATE_OUTPUT = {
         const previousVkMembershipWitness = await this.oracle.getVkMembershipWitness(verificationKey.keyAsFields);
         return new VkData(verificationKey, Number(previousVkMembershipWitness.leafIndex), previousVkMembershipWitness.siblingPath);
     }
-    async createPrivateCallData({ publicInputs, vk: vkAsBuffer }) {
+    /**
+   * Pops the next app off the execution stack, pushes its nested calls back on (preserving DFS
+   * order), records the app's execution step, and returns its constructed `PrivateCallData`.
+   * Caller is responsible for ensuring the stack is non-empty.
+   */ async consumeNextApp(executionStack, executionSteps, updatedClassIdHintsMap) {
+        const next = executionStack.pop();
+        executionStack.push(...[
+            ...next.nestedExecutionResults
+        ].reverse());
+        const functionName = await this.oracle.getDebugFunctionName(next.publicInputs.callContext.contractAddress, next.publicInputs.callContext.functionSelector);
+        executionSteps.push({
+            functionName: functionName,
+            bytecode: next.acir,
+            witness: next.partialWitness,
+            vk: next.vk,
+            timings: {
+                witgen: next.profileResult?.timings.witgen ?? 0,
+                oracles: next.profileResult?.timings.oracles
+            }
+        });
+        return await this.createPrivateCallData(next, updatedClassIdHintsMap);
+    }
+    /** Prefetches updated class id hints for all unique contracts in the execution tree in parallel. */ async prefetchUpdatedClassIdHints(executionResult) {
+        const allAddresses = collectNested([
+            executionResult.entrypoint
+        ], (exec)=>[
+                exec.publicInputs.callContext.contractAddress
+            ]);
+        const uniqueAddresses = uniqueBy(allAddresses, (a)=>a.toString());
+        return new Map(await Promise.all(uniqueAddresses.map(async (addr)=>[
+                addr.toString(),
+                await this.oracle.getUpdatedClassIdHints(addr)
+            ])));
+    }
+    async createPrivateCallData({ publicInputs, vk: vkAsBuffer }, updatedClassIdHintsMap) {
         const { contractAddress, functionSelector } = publicInputs.callContext;
         const vkAsFields = await vkAsFieldsMegaHonk(vkAsBuffer);
         const vk = await VerificationKeyAsFields.fromKey(vkAsFields);
         const { currentContractClassId, publicKeys, saltedInitializationHash } = await this.oracle.getContractAddressPreimage(contractAddress);
         const functionLeafMembershipWitness = await this.oracle.getFunctionMembershipWitness(currentContractClassId, functionSelector);
         const { artifactHash: contractClassArtifactHash, publicBytecodeCommitment: contractClassPublicBytecodeCommitment } = await this.oracle.getContractClassIdPreimage(currentContractClassId);
-        const updatedClassIdHints = await this.oracle.getUpdatedClassIdHints(contractAddress);
+        const updatedClassIdHints = updatedClassIdHintsMap.get(contractAddress.toString());
         return PrivateCallData.from({
             publicInputs,
             vk,
@@ -290,4 +299,88 @@ const NULL_SIMULATE_OUTPUT = {
             })
         });
     }
+    /**
+   * Runs one batched kernel iteration. Picks the right circuit variant based on whether this is
+   * the first iteration or a later one and the size of the batch.
+   */ async runBatchedKernel(args) {
+        const { apps, firstIteration, previousOutput, txRequest, isPrivateOnlyTx, firstNullifierHint, minRevertibleSideEffectCounter, executionSteps, generateWitnesses } = args;
+        const witgenTimer = new Timer();
+        let output;
+        let functionName;
+        if (firstIteration) {
+            const vkTreeRoot = getVKTreeRoot();
+            switch(apps.length){
+                case 1:
+                    {
+                        const proofInput = new PrivateKernelInitCircuitPrivateInputs(txRequest, vkTreeRoot, ProtocolContractsList, apps[0], isPrivateOnlyTx, firstNullifierHint, minRevertibleSideEffectCounter);
+                        this.log.debug(`Calling private kernel init with isPrivateOnly ${isPrivateOnlyTx} and firstNullifierHint ${proofInput.firstNullifierHint}`);
+                        pushTestData('private-kernel-inputs-init', proofInput);
+                        output = generateWitnesses ? await this.proofCreator.generateInitOutput(proofInput) : await this.proofCreator.simulateInit(proofInput);
+                        functionName = 'private_kernel_init';
+                        break;
+                    }
+                case 2:
+                    {
+                        const proofInput = new PrivateKernelInit2CircuitPrivateInputs(txRequest, vkTreeRoot, ProtocolContractsList, apps[0], apps[1], isPrivateOnlyTx, firstNullifierHint, minRevertibleSideEffectCounter);
+                        this.log.debug(`Calling private kernel init_2 with isPrivateOnly ${isPrivateOnlyTx} and firstNullifierHint ${proofInput.firstNullifierHint}`);
+                        pushTestData('private-kernel-inputs-init-2', proofInput);
+                        output = generateWitnesses ? await this.proofCreator.generateInit2Output(proofInput) : await this.proofCreator.simulateInit2(proofInput);
+                        functionName = 'private_kernel_init_2';
+                        break;
+                    }
+                case 3:
+                    {
+                        const proofInput = new PrivateKernelInit3CircuitPrivateInputs(txRequest, vkTreeRoot, ProtocolContractsList, apps[0], apps[1], apps[2], isPrivateOnlyTx, firstNullifierHint, minRevertibleSideEffectCounter);
+                        this.log.debug(`Calling private kernel init_3 with isPrivateOnly ${isPrivateOnlyTx} and firstNullifierHint ${proofInput.firstNullifierHint}`);
+                        pushTestData('private-kernel-inputs-init-3', proofInput);
+                        output = generateWitnesses ? await this.proofCreator.generateInit3Output(proofInput) : await this.proofCreator.simulateInit3(proofInput);
+                        functionName = 'private_kernel_init_3';
+                        break;
+                    }
+                default:
+                    throw new Error(`Unsupported init kernel batch size: ${apps.length}`);
+            }
+        } else {
+            const vkData = await this.getVkData(previousOutput.verificationKey);
+            const previousKernelData = new PrivateKernelData(previousOutput.publicInputs, vkData);
+            switch(apps.length){
+                case 1:
+                    {
+                        const proofInput = new PrivateKernelInnerCircuitPrivateInputs(previousKernelData, apps[0]);
+                        pushTestData('private-kernel-inputs-inner', proofInput);
+                        output = generateWitnesses ? await this.proofCreator.generateInnerOutput(proofInput) : await this.proofCreator.simulateInner(proofInput);
+                        functionName = 'private_kernel_inner';
+                        break;
+                    }
+                case 2:
+                    {
+                        const proofInput = new PrivateKernelInner2CircuitPrivateInputs(previousKernelData, apps[0], apps[1]);
+                        pushTestData('private-kernel-inputs-inner-2', proofInput);
+                        output = generateWitnesses ? await this.proofCreator.generateInner2Output(proofInput) : await this.proofCreator.simulateInner2(proofInput);
+                        functionName = 'private_kernel_inner_2';
+                        break;
+                    }
+                case 3:
+                    {
+                        const proofInput = new PrivateKernelInner3CircuitPrivateInputs(previousKernelData, apps[0], apps[1], apps[2]);
+                        pushTestData('private-kernel-inputs-inner-3', proofInput);
+                        output = generateWitnesses ? await this.proofCreator.generateInner3Output(proofInput) : await this.proofCreator.simulateInner3(proofInput);
+                        functionName = 'private_kernel_inner_3';
+                        break;
+                    }
+                default:
+                    throw new Error(`Unsupported inner kernel batch size: ${apps.length}`);
+            }
+        }
+        executionSteps.push({
+            functionName,
+            bytecode: output.bytecode,
+            witness: output.outputWitness,
+            vk: output.verificationKey.keyAsBytes,
+            timings: {
+                witgen: witgenTimer.ms()
+            }
+        });
+        return output;
+    }
 }

package/dest/private_kernel/private_kernel_oracle.d.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 import { FUNCTION_TREE_HEIGHT, NOTE_HASH_TREE_HEIGHT, VK_TREE_HEIGHT } from '@aztec/constants';
 import type { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
-import type { GrumpkinScalar, Point } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/grumpkin';
+import type { GrumpkinScalar } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/grumpkin';
 import { MembershipWitness } from '@aztec/foundation/trees';
 import type { KeyStore } from '@aztec/key-store';
 import type { FunctionSelector } from '@aztec/stdlib/abi';
 import type { AztecAddress } from '@aztec/stdlib/aztec-address';
-import { BlockHash } from '@aztec/stdlib/block';
 import { type ContractInstanceWithAddress } from '@aztec/stdlib/contract';
 import type { AztecNode } from '@aztec/stdlib/interfaces/client';
 import { UpdatedClassIdHints } from '@aztec/stdlib/kernel';
 import type { NullifierMembershipWitness } from '@aztec/stdlib/trees';
+import type { BlockHeader } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
 import type { VerificationKeyAsFields } from '@aztec/stdlib/vks';
 import type { ContractStore } from '../storage/contract_store/contract_store.js';
 /**
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ export declare class PrivateKernelOracle {
     private contractStore;
     private keyStore;
     private node;
-    private blockHash;
-    constructor(contractStore: ContractStore, keyStore: KeyStore, node: AztecNode, blockHash: BlockHash);
+    private blockHeader;
+    constructor(contractStore: ContractStore, keyStore: KeyStore, node: AztecNode, blockHeader: BlockHeader);
     /** Retrieves the preimage of a contract address from the registered contract instances db. */
     getContractAddressPreimage(address: AztecAddress): Promise<ContractInstanceWithAddress & {
         saltedInitializationHash: Fr;
@@ -43,15 +43,15 @@ export declare class PrivateKernelOracle {
     /** Returns a membership witness with the sibling path and leaf index in our nullifier indexed merkle tree. */
     getNullifierMembershipWitness(nullifier: Fr): Promise<NullifierMembershipWitness | undefined>;
     /** Returns the root of our note hash merkle tree. */
-    getNoteHashTreeRoot(): Promise<Fr>;
+    getNoteHashTreeRoot(): Fr;
     /**
-     * Retrieves the sk_m corresponding to the pk_m.
-     * @throws If the provided public key is not associated with any of the registered accounts.
-     * @param masterPublicKey - The master public key to get secret key for.
+     * Retrieves the sk_m corresponding to the pk_m hash.
+     * @throws If the provided hash is not associated with any of the registered accounts.
+     * @param masterPublicKeyHash - The master public key hash to get secret key for.
      * @returns A Promise that resolves to sk_m.
      * @dev Used when feeding the sk_m to the kernel circuit for keys verification.
      */
-    getMasterSecretKey(masterPublicKey: Point): Promise<GrumpkinScalar>;
+    getMasterSecretKey(masterPublicKeyHash: Fr): Promise<GrumpkinScalar>;
     /** Use debug data to get the function name corresponding to a selector. */
     getDebugFunctionName(contractAddress: AztecAddress, selector: FunctionSelector): Promise<string | undefined>;
     /**
@@ -60,4 +60,4 @@ export declare class PrivateKernelOracle {
      */
     getUpdatedClassIdHints(contractAddress: AztecAddress): Promise<UpdatedClassIdHints>;
 }
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package/dest/private_kernel/private_kernel_oracle.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { PUBLIC_DATA_TREE_HEIGHT, VK_TREE_HEIGHT } from '@aztec/constants';
+import { PUBLIC_DATA_TREE_HEIGHT, UPDATES_VALUE_SIZE, VK_TREE_HEIGHT } from '@aztec/constants';
 import { MembershipWitness } from '@aztec/foundation/trees';
 import { getVKIndex, getVKSiblingPath } from '@aztec/noir-protocol-circuits-types/vk-tree';
 import { ProtocolContractAddress } from '@aztec/protocol-contracts';
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ import { UpdatedClassIdHints } from '@aztec/stdlib/kernel';
     contractStore;
     keyStore;
     node;
-    blockHash;
-    constructor(contractStore, keyStore, node, blockHash){
+    blockHeader;
+    constructor(contractStore, keyStore, node, blockHeader){
         this.contractStore = contractStore;
         this.keyStore = keyStore;
         this.node = node;
-        this.blockHash = blockHash;
+        this.blockHeader = blockHeader;
     }
     /** Retrieves the preimage of a contract address from the registered contract instances db. */ async getContractAddressPreimage(address) {
         const instance = await this.contractStore.getContractInstance(address);
@@ -54,27 +54,23 @@ import { UpdatedClassIdHints } from '@aztec/stdlib/kernel';
         const leafIndex = getVKIndex(vk);
         return Promise.resolve(new MembershipWitness(VK_TREE_HEIGHT, BigInt(leafIndex), getVKSiblingPath(leafIndex)));
     }
-    /** Returns a membership witness with the sibling path and leaf index in our note hash tree. */ getNoteHashMembershipWitness(noteHash) {
-        return this.node.getNoteHashMembershipWitness(this.blockHash, noteHash);
+    /** Returns a membership witness with the sibling path and leaf index in our note hash tree. */ async getNoteHashMembershipWitness(noteHash) {
+        return this.node.getNoteHashMembershipWitness(await this.blockHeader.hash(), noteHash);
     }
-    /** Returns a membership witness with the sibling path and leaf index in our nullifier indexed merkle tree. */ getNullifierMembershipWitness(nullifier) {
-        return this.node.getNullifierMembershipWitness(this.blockHash, nullifier);
+    /** Returns a membership witness with the sibling path and leaf index in our nullifier indexed merkle tree. */ async getNullifierMembershipWitness(nullifier) {
+        return this.node.getNullifierMembershipWitness(await this.blockHeader.hash(), nullifier);
     }
-    /** Returns the root of our note hash merkle tree. */ async getNoteHashTreeRoot() {
-        const header = await this.node.getBlockHeader(this.blockHash);
-        if (!header) {
-            throw new Error(`No block header found for block hash ${this.blockHash}`);
-        }
-        return header.state.partial.noteHashTree.root;
+    /** Returns the root of our note hash merkle tree. */ getNoteHashTreeRoot() {
+        return this.blockHeader.state.partial.noteHashTree.root;
     }
     /**
-   * Retrieves the sk_m corresponding to the pk_m.
-   * @throws If the provided public key is not associated with any of the registered accounts.
-   * @param masterPublicKey - The master public key to get secret key for.
+   * Retrieves the sk_m corresponding to the pk_m hash.
+   * @throws If the provided hash is not associated with any of the registered accounts.
+   * @param masterPublicKeyHash - The master public key hash to get secret key for.
    * @returns A Promise that resolves to sk_m.
    * @dev Used when feeding the sk_m to the kernel circuit for keys verification.
-   */ getMasterSecretKey(masterPublicKey) {
-        return this.keyStore.getMasterSecretKey(masterPublicKey);
+   */ getMasterSecretKey(masterPublicKeyHash) {
+        return this.keyStore.getMasterSecretKey(masterPublicKeyHash);
     }
     /** Use debug data to get the function name corresponding to a selector. */ getDebugFunctionName(contractAddress, selector) {
         return this.contractStore.getDebugFunctionName(contractAddress, selector);
@@ -85,12 +81,18 @@ import { UpdatedClassIdHints } from '@aztec/stdlib/kernel';
    */ async getUpdatedClassIdHints(contractAddress) {
         const { delayedPublicMutableSlot, delayedPublicMutableHashSlot } = await DelayedPublicMutableValuesWithHash.getContractUpdateSlots(contractAddress);
         const hashLeafSlot = await computePublicDataTreeLeafSlot(ProtocolContractAddress.ContractInstanceRegistry, delayedPublicMutableHashSlot);
-        const updatedClassIdWitness = await this.node.getPublicDataWitness(this.blockHash, hashLeafSlot);
+        const blockHash = await this.blockHeader.hash();
+        const updatedClassIdWitness = await this.node.getPublicDataWitness(blockHash, hashLeafSlot);
         if (!updatedClassIdWitness) {
             throw new Error(`No public data tree witness found for ${hashLeafSlot}`);
         }
-        const readStorage = (storageSlot)=>this.node.getPublicStorageAt(this.blockHash, ProtocolContractAddress.ContractInstanceRegistry, storageSlot);
-        const delayedPublicMutableValues = await DelayedPublicMutableValues.readFromTree(delayedPublicMutableSlot, readStorage);
+        // In an indexed merkle tree, getPublicDataWitness returns a leaf whose slot matches our query
+        // only if the slot has been written to. Otherwise, it returns the "low leaf" predecessor, whose
+        // slot will differ. Most contracts are never updated, so we can skip the readFromTree call
+        // (which triggers multiple RPC calls) and return empty values directly.
+        const readStorage = (storageSlot)=>this.node.getPublicStorageAt(blockHash, ProtocolContractAddress.ContractInstanceRegistry, storageSlot);
+        const slotExists = updatedClassIdWitness.leafPreimage.leaf.slot.equals(hashLeafSlot);
+        const delayedPublicMutableValues = slotExists ? await DelayedPublicMutableValues.readFromTree(delayedPublicMutableSlot, readStorage) : DelayedPublicMutableValues.empty(UPDATES_VALUE_SIZE);
         return new UpdatedClassIdHints(new MembershipWitness(PUBLIC_DATA_TREE_HEIGHT, updatedClassIdWitness.index, updatedClassIdWitness.siblingPath.toTuple()), updatedClassIdWitness.leafPreimage, delayedPublicMutableValues);
     }
 }