@aztec/pxe 0.0.1-commit.f504929 → 0.0.1-commit.f5a9928

package/src/logs/log_service.ts

@@ -1,213 +1,294 @@
+import type { BlockNumber } from '@aztec/foundation/branded-types';
 import type { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
+import type { GrumpkinScalar, Point } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/grumpkin';
 import { type Logger, type LoggerBindings, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { allToCompletion } from '@aztec/foundation/promise';
 import type { KeyStore } from '@aztec/key-store';
 import { AztecAddress } from '@aztec/stdlib/aztec-address';
+import type { L2TipsProvider } from '@aztec/stdlib/block';
+import type { CompleteAddress } from '@aztec/stdlib/contract';
 import type { AztecNode } from '@aztec/stdlib/interfaces/server';
 import {
-  ExtendedDirectionalAppTaggingSecret,
-  PendingTaggedLog,
+  AppTaggingSecret,
+  AppTaggingSecretKind,
+  type LogResult,
   SiloedTag,
-  Tag,
-  TxScopedL2Log,
+  computeSharedTaggingSecret,
 } from '@aztec/stdlib/logs';
 import type { BlockHeader } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
+import type { UInt64 } from '@aztec/stdlib/types';
 
-import type { AccessScopes } from '../access_scopes.js';
-import type { LogRetrievalRequest } from '../contract_function_simulator/noir-structs/log_retrieval_request.js';
-import { LogRetrievalResponse } from '../contract_function_simulator/noir-structs/log_retrieval_response.js';
+import {
+  type LogRetrievalRequest,
+  LogSource,
+} from '../contract_function_simulator/noir-structs/log_retrieval_request.js';
+import type { TxOnchainContext } from '../messages/tx_resolver_service.js';
 import { AddressStore } from '../storage/address_store/address_store.js';
-import { CapsuleStore } from '../storage/capsule_store/capsule_store.js';
+import { assertAllowedScope } from '../storage/allowed_scopes.js';
 import type { RecipientTaggingStore } from '../storage/tagging_store/recipient_tagging_store.js';
-import type { SenderAddressBookStore } from '../storage/tagging_store/sender_address_book_store.js';
+import type { TaggingSecretSourcesStore } from '../storage/tagging_store/tagging_secret_sources_store.js';
 import {
+  type LogQueryAnchor,
   getAllPrivateLogsByTags,
   getAllPublicLogsByTagsFromContract,
-  loadPrivateLogsForSenderRecipientPair,
+  logQueryAnchorOf,
+  syncTaggedPrivateLogs,
 } from '../tagging/index.js';
 
+/** Key used to group requests by their (fromBlock, toBlock) range so each group becomes a single node call. */
+type RangeKey = string;
+const rangeKey = (fromBlock?: BlockNumber, toBlock?: BlockNumber): RangeKey => `${fromBlock ?? ''}-${toBlock ?? ''}`;
+
 export class LogService {
   private log: Logger;
 
   constructor(
     private readonly aztecNode: AztecNode,
     private readonly anchorBlockHeader: BlockHeader,
+    private readonly l2TipsStore: L2TipsProvider,
     private readonly keyStore: KeyStore,
-    private readonly capsuleStore: CapsuleStore,
     private readonly recipientTaggingStore: RecipientTaggingStore,
-    private readonly senderAddressBookStore: SenderAddressBookStore,
+    private readonly taggingSecretSourcesStore: TaggingSecretSourcesStore,
     private readonly addressStore: AddressStore,
+    private readonly scopes: AztecAddress[],
     private readonly jobId: string,
     bindings?: LoggerBindings,
   ) {
     this.log = createLogger('pxe:log_service', bindings);
   }
 
-  public async bulkRetrieveLogs(logRetrievalRequests: LogRetrievalRequest[]): Promise<(LogRetrievalResponse | null)[]> {
-    return await Promise.all(
-      logRetrievalRequests.map(async request => {
-        const [publicLog, privateLog] = await Promise.all([
-          this.#getPublicLogByTag(request.tag, request.contractAddress),
-          this.#getPrivateLogByTag(await SiloedTag.computeFromTagAndApp(request.tag, request.contractAddress)),
-        ]);
+  /** Fetches all logs matching each request's tag, returning an array of log arrays (one per request). */
+  public async fetchLogsByTag(
+    contractAddress: AztecAddress,
+    logRetrievalRequests: LogRetrievalRequest[],
+  ): Promise<RetrievedTaggedLog[][]> {
+    for (const request of logRetrievalRequests) {
+      if (!contractAddress.equals(request.contractAddress)) {
+        throw new Error(`Got a log retrieval request from ${request.contractAddress}, expected ${contractAddress}`);
+      }
+    }
 
-        if (publicLog !== null && privateLog !== null) {
-          throw new Error(
-            `Found both a public and private log when searching for tag ${request.tag} from contract ${request.contractAddress}`,
-          );
-        }
+    if (logRetrievalRequests.length === 0) {
+      return [];
+    }
+
+    const anchor = await logQueryAnchorOf(this.anchorBlockHeader);
+
+    const [publicLogsPerRequest, privateLogsPerRequest] = await allToCompletion([
+      this.#fetchPublicLogs(contractAddress, logRetrievalRequests, anchor),
+      this.#fetchPrivateLogs(logRetrievalRequests, anchor),
+    ]);
+
+    return logRetrievalRequests.map((_request, i) => [
+      ...publicLogsPerRequest[i].map(LogService.#toRetrievedTaggedLog),
+      ...privateLogsPerRequest[i].map(LogService.#toRetrievedTaggedLog),
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  async #fetchPublicLogs(
+    contractAddress: AztecAddress,
+    requests: LogRetrievalRequest[],
+    anchor: LogQueryAnchor,
+  ): Promise<LogResult[][]> {
+    const indices = requests.flatMap((r, i) => (r.source !== LogSource.PRIVATE ? [i] : []));
+    if (indices.length === 0) {
+      return requests.map(() => []);
+    }
 
-        return publicLog ?? privateLog;
+    const resultsPerRequest: LogResult[][] = requests.map(() => []);
+    const groups = LogService.#groupByRange(indices.map(i => ({ index: i, request: requests[i] })));
+
+    await allToCompletion(
+      Array.from(groups.values()).map(async group => {
+        const tags = group.entries.map(e => e.request.tag);
+        const results = await getAllPublicLogsByTagsFromContract(this.aztecNode, contractAddress, tags, anchor, {
+          fromBlock: group.fromBlock,
+          toBlock: group.toBlock,
+          includeEffects: true,
+        });
+        group.entries.forEach((entry, i) => {
+          resultsPerRequest[entry.index] = results[i];
+        });
       }),
     );
+
+    return resultsPerRequest;
   }
 
-  async #getPublicLogByTag(tag: Tag, contractAddress: AztecAddress): Promise<LogRetrievalResponse | null> {
-    const anchorBlockHash = await this.anchorBlockHeader.hash();
-    const allLogsPerTag = await getAllPublicLogsByTagsFromContract(
-      this.aztecNode,
-      contractAddress,
-      [tag],
-      anchorBlockHash,
-    );
-    const logsForTag = allLogsPerTag[0];
-
-    if (logsForTag.length === 0) {
-      return null;
-    } else if (logsForTag.length > 1) {
-      // TODO(#11627): handle this case
-      throw new Error(
-        `Got ${logsForTag.length} logs for tag ${tag} and contract ${contractAddress.toString()}. getPublicLogByTag currently only supports a single log per tag`,
-      );
+  async #fetchPrivateLogs(requests: LogRetrievalRequest[], anchor: LogQueryAnchor): Promise<LogResult[][]> {
+    const indices = requests.flatMap((r, i) => (r.source !== LogSource.PUBLIC ? [i] : []));
+    if (indices.length === 0) {
+      return requests.map(() => []);
     }
 
-    const scopedLog = logsForTag[0];
+    const resultsPerRequest: LogResult[][] = requests.map(() => []);
+    const groups = LogService.#groupByRange(indices.map(i => ({ index: i, request: requests[i] })));
 
-    return new LogRetrievalResponse(
-      scopedLog.logData.slice(1), // Skip the tag
-      scopedLog.txHash,
-      scopedLog.noteHashes,
-      scopedLog.firstNullifier,
+    await allToCompletion(
+      Array.from(groups.values()).map(async group => {
+        const siloedTags = await allToCompletion(
+          group.entries.map(e => SiloedTag.computeFromTagAndApp(e.request.tag, e.request.contractAddress)),
+        );
+        const results = await getAllPrivateLogsByTags(this.aztecNode, siloedTags, anchor, {
+          fromBlock: group.fromBlock,
+          toBlock: group.toBlock,
+          includeEffects: true,
+        });
+        group.entries.forEach((entry, i) => {
+          resultsPerRequest[entry.index] = results[i];
+        });
+      }),
     );
+
+    return resultsPerRequest;
   }
 
-  async #getPrivateLogByTag(siloedTag: SiloedTag): Promise<LogRetrievalResponse | null> {
-    const anchorBlockHash = await this.anchorBlockHeader.hash();
-    const allLogsPerTag = await getAllPrivateLogsByTags(this.aztecNode, [siloedTag], anchorBlockHash);
-    const logsForTag = allLogsPerTag[0];
-
-    if (logsForTag.length === 0) {
-      return null;
-    } else if (logsForTag.length > 1) {
-      // TODO(#11627): handle this case
-      throw new Error(
-        `Got ${logsForTag.length} logs for tag ${siloedTag}. getPrivateLogByTag currently only supports a single log per tag`,
-      );
+  /**
+   * Groups requests by their (fromBlock, toBlock) range so each distinct range becomes a single node call with
+   * the range pushed down into the query (no in-memory filter).
+   */
+  static #groupByRange(
+    entries: Array<{ index: number; request: LogRetrievalRequest }>,
+  ): Map<RangeKey, { fromBlock?: BlockNumber; toBlock?: BlockNumber; entries: typeof entries }> {
+    const groups = new Map<RangeKey, { fromBlock?: BlockNumber; toBlock?: BlockNumber; entries: typeof entries }>();
+    for (const entry of entries) {
+      const fromBlock = entry.request.fromBlock.value;
+      const toBlock = entry.request.toBlock.value;
+      const key = rangeKey(fromBlock, toBlock);
+      const existing = groups.get(key);
+      if (existing) {
+        existing.entries.push(entry);
+      } else {
+        groups.set(key, { fromBlock, toBlock, entries: [entry] });
+      }
     }
+    return groups;
+  }
 
-    const scopedLog = logsForTag[0];
+  static #toRetrievedTaggedLog(log: LogResult): RetrievedTaggedLog {
+    // includeEffects: true was used, so noteHashes and nullifiers are populated. Every tx has at least one nullifier
+    // (the first nullifier derived from the tx hash); empty here would indicate a buggy node.
+    const noteHashes = log.noteHashes!;
+    const nullifiers = log.nullifiers!;
+    if (nullifiers.length === 0) {
+      throw new Error(`Log for tx ${log.txHash} returned no nullifiers from the node`);
+    }
+    return {
+      logData: log.logData,
+      txHash: log.txHash,
+      noteHashes,
+      nullifiers,
+      blockNumber: log.blockNumber,
+      blockTimestamp: log.blockTimestamp,
+      blockHash: log.blockHash,
+      // The log index and the tx receipt both count the tx's position in `block.body.txEffects`, so this is the same
+      // index a receipt reports. Note ordering depends on the two staying in agreement.
+      txIndexInBlock: log.txIndexWithinBlock,
+    };
+  }
+
+  /** Fetches the pending tagged logs for a recipient across all its tagging secrets for the contract. */
+  public async fetchTaggedLogs(
+    contractAddress: AztecAddress,
+    recipient: AztecAddress,
+    providedSecrets: AppTaggingSecret[],
+  ): Promise<RetrievedTaggedLog[]> {
+    assertAllowedScope(recipient, this.scopes);
 
-    return new LogRetrievalResponse(
-      scopedLog.logData.slice(1), // Skip the tag
-      scopedLog.txHash,
-      scopedLog.noteHashes,
-      scopedLog.firstNullifier,
+    this.log.verbose(
+      `Fetching tagged logs for contract ${contractAddress.toString()} and recipient ${recipient.toString()}`,
     );
-  }
 
-  public async fetchTaggedLogs(contractAddress: AztecAddress, pendingTaggedLogArrayBaseSlot: Fr, scopes: AccessScopes) {
-    this.log.verbose(`Fetching tagged logs for ${contractAddress.toString()}`);
-
-    // We only load logs from block up to and including the anchor block number
-    const anchorBlockNumber = this.anchorBlockHeader.getBlockNumber();
-    const anchorBlockHash = await this.anchorBlockHeader.hash();
-
-    // Determine recipients: use scopes if provided, otherwise get all accounts
-    const recipients = scopes !== 'ALL_SCOPES' && scopes.length > 0 ? scopes : await this.keyStore.getAccounts();
-
-    // For each recipient, fetch secrets, load logs, and store them.
-    // We run these per-recipient tasks in parallel so that logs are loaded for all recipients concurrently.
-    await Promise.all(
-      recipients.map(async recipient => {
-        // Get all secrets for this recipient (one per sender)
-        const secrets = await this.#getSecretsForSenders(contractAddress, recipient);
-
-        // Load logs for all sender-recipient pairs in parallel
-        const logArrays = await Promise.all(
-          secrets.map(secret =>
-            loadPrivateLogsForSenderRecipientPair(
-              secret,
-              this.aztecNode,
-              this.recipientTaggingStore,
-              anchorBlockNumber,
-              anchorBlockHash,
-              this.jobId,
-            ),
-          ),
-        );
+    const l2Tips = await this.l2TipsStore.getL2Tips();
 
-        // Flatten all logs from all secrets
-        const allLogs = logArrays.flat();
+    // Secrets PXE can enumerate for this recipient (senders via ECDH + pre-shared store secrets), plus any the app
+    // supplies explicitly for secrets PXE cannot enumerate itself (e.g. handshake-derived ones). The latter arrive
+    // already computed and are searched even when the recipient's account is unknown locally, since they need no ECDH.
+    const combinedSecrets = [...(await this.#getPointDerivedSecrets(contractAddress, recipient)), ...providedSecrets];
 
-        // Store the logs for this recipient
-        if (allLogs.length > 0) {
-          await this.#storePendingTaggedLogs(contractAddress, pendingTaggedLogArrayBaseSlot, recipient, allLogs);
-        }
-      }),
+    // These sources can overlap (a sender that is also a PXE account, or a pre-shared secret that coincides with a
+    // sender-derived one), so we deduplicate the combined set.
+    const secrets = Array.from(new Map(combinedSecrets.map(secret => [secret.toString(), secret])).values());
+
+    const logs = await syncTaggedPrivateLogs(
+      secrets,
+      this.aztecNode,
+      this.recipientTaggingStore,
+      this.anchorBlockHeader,
+      l2Tips.finalized.block.number,
+      this.jobId,
     );
+
+    return logs.map(log => LogService.#toRetrievedTaggedLog(log));
   }
 
-  async #getSecretsForSenders(
-    contractAddress: AztecAddress,
-    recipient: AztecAddress,
-  ): Promise<ExtendedDirectionalAppTaggingSecret[]> {
+  /**
+   * Computes the tagging secrets PXE can enumerate for a recipient: one per known sender (via ECDH) plus any
+   * pre-shared secrets registered directly for the recipient. Each registered secret is scanned under the tag
+   * streams its kind can back. Deriving the sender-based secrets requires the recipient's address preimage and keys,
+   * so returns an empty array when those are unavailable. App-supplied secrets (e.g. derived from discovered
+   * handshakes) are handled separately by the caller and do not go through here.
+   */
+  async #getPointDerivedSecrets(contractAddress: AztecAddress, recipient: AztecAddress): Promise<AppTaggingSecret[]> {
     const recipientCompleteAddress = await this.addressStore.getCompleteAddress(recipient);
-    if (!recipientCompleteAddress) {
+    if (!recipientCompleteAddress || !(await this.keyStore.hasAccount(recipient))) {
+      this.log.warn(
+        `Skipping sender-derived tag retrieval for ${recipient.toString()} due to unknown address preimage`,
+      );
       return [];
     }
     const recipientIvsk = await this.keyStore.getMasterIncomingViewingSecretKey(recipient);
 
-    // We implicitly add all PXE accounts as senders, this helps us decrypt tags on notes that we send to ourselves
-    // (recipient = us, sender = us)
-    const allSenders = [...(await this.senderAddressBookStore.getSenders()), ...(await this.keyStore.getAccounts())];
-
-    // We deduplicate the senders by adding them to a set and then converting the set back to an array
-    const deduplicatedSenders = Array.from(new Set(allSenders.map(sender => sender.toString()))).map(sender =>
-      AztecAddress.fromString(sender),
-    );
-
-    return Promise.all(
-      deduplicatedSenders.map(sender => {
-        return ExtendedDirectionalAppTaggingSecret.compute(
-          recipientCompleteAddress,
-          recipientIvsk,
-          sender,
-          contractAddress,
-          recipient,
-        );
+    const [senderPoints, registeredSecrets] = await allToCompletion([
+      this.#getSecretsForSenders(recipientCompleteAddress, recipientIvsk),
+      this.taggingSecretSourcesStore.getSharedSecretsForRecipient(recipient),
+    ]);
+    return allToCompletion([
+      ...senderPoints.map(secret => AppTaggingSecret.computeDirectional(secret, contractAddress, recipient)),
+      ...registeredSecrets.flatMap(({ kind, secret }) => {
+        switch (kind) {
+          case 'arbitrary-secret':
+            return [AppTaggingSecret.computeDirectional(secret, contractAddress, recipient)];
+          case 'handshake':
+            // A handshake-backed sender tags messages with the bare app-siloed secret, one tag domain per delivery
+            // mode.
+            return [
+              AppTaggingSecret.computeAppSiloed(secret, contractAddress, AppTaggingSecretKind.UNCONSTRAINED),
+              AppTaggingSecret.computeAppSiloed(secret, contractAddress, AppTaggingSecretKind.CONSTRAINED),
+            ];
+        }
       }),
-    );
+    ]);
   }
 
-  #storePendingTaggedLogs(
-    contractAddress: AztecAddress,
-    capsuleArrayBaseSlot: Fr,
-    recipient: AztecAddress,
-    privateLogs: TxScopedL2Log[],
-  ) {
-    // Build all pending tagged logs from the scoped logs
-    const pendingTaggedLogs = privateLogs.map(scopedLog => {
-      const pendingTaggedLog = new PendingTaggedLog(
-        scopedLog.logData,
-        scopedLog.txHash,
-        scopedLog.noteHashes,
-        scopedLog.firstNullifier,
-        recipient,
-      );
+  async #getSecretsForSenders(
+    recipientCompleteAddress: CompleteAddress,
+    recipientIvsk: GrumpkinScalar,
+  ): Promise<Point[]> {
+    // We implicitly add all PXE accounts as senders, this helps us decrypt tags on notes that we send to ourselves
+    // (recipient = us, sender = us).
+    const allSenders = [...(await this.taggingSecretSourcesStore.getSenders()), ...(await this.keyStore.getAccounts())];
 
-      return pendingTaggedLog.toFields();
-    });
+    return allToCompletion(
+      allSenders.map(async sender => {
+        const taggingSecretPoint = await computeSharedTaggingSecret(recipientCompleteAddress, recipientIvsk, sender);
 
-    // TODO: This looks like it could belong more at the oracle interface level
-    return this.capsuleStore.appendToCapsuleArray(contractAddress, capsuleArrayBaseSlot, pendingTaggedLogs, this.jobId);
+        if (!taggingSecretPoint) {
+          // Note that all senders originate from either the TaggingSecretSourcesStore or the KeyStore.
+          throw new Error(
+            `Failed to compute a tagging secret for sender ${sender} - this implies this is an invalid address, which should not happen as they have been previously registered in PXE.`,
+          );
+        }
+
+        return taggingSecretPoint;
+      }),
+    );
   }
 }
+
+/** A tagged log fetched from the node, together with the onchain context of the tx that emitted it. */
+export type RetrievedTaggedLog = TxOnchainContext & {
+  /** The raw log payload, tag included. */
+  logData: Fr[];
+  blockTimestamp: UInt64;
+};

package/src/messages/tx_resolver_service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+import type { BlockNumber } from '@aztec/foundation/branded-types';
+import { uniqueBy } from '@aztec/foundation/collection';
+import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/curves/bn254';
+import { allToCompletion } from '@aztec/foundation/promise';
+import type { BlockHash } from '@aztec/stdlib/block';
+import type { AztecNode } from '@aztec/stdlib/interfaces/server';
+import { type IndexedTxEffect, TxHash } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
+
+/** Resolves transaction hashes into their on-chain context (note hashes, nullifiers, and mined position). */
+export class TxResolverService {
+  constructor(private readonly aztecNode: AztecNode) {}
+
+  /**
+   * Resolves a list of tx hashes into their on-chain context.
+   *
+   * For each tx hash, looks up the corresponding tx effect and extracts its note hashes and nullifiers, and the
+   * position it was mined at. Returns `null` for tx hashes that are zero, not yet available, or in blocks beyond the
+   * anchor block.
+   */
+  async resolveTxs(txHashes: Fr[], anchorBlockNumber: number): Promise<(TxOnchainContext | null)[]> {
+    const nonZeroTxHashes = txHashes.filter(h => !h.isZero()).map(h => TxHash.fromField(h));
+    const uniqueTxHashes = uniqueBy(nonZeroTxHashes, h => h.toString());
+    const fetched = await allToCompletion(
+      uniqueTxHashes.map(h => this.aztecNode.getTxReceipt(h, { includeTxEffect: true })),
+    );
+    const txEffects = new Map(
+      uniqueTxHashes
+        .map((h, i): [string, IndexedTxEffect | undefined] => {
+          const receipt = fetched[i];
+          if (!receipt.isMined() || !receipt.txEffect) {
+            return [h.toString(), undefined];
+          }
+          return [
+            h.toString(),
+            {
+              data: receipt.txEffect,
+              l2BlockNumber: receipt.blockNumber,
+              l2BlockHash: receipt.blockHash,
+              txIndexInBlock: receipt.txIndexInBlock,
+              slotNumber: receipt.slotNumber,
+            },
+          ];
+        })
+        .filter((entry): entry is [string, IndexedTxEffect] => entry[1] !== undefined),
+    );
+
+    return txHashes.map(txHashField => {
+      const txHash = TxHash.fromField(txHashField);
+      const txEffect = txEffects.get(txHash.toString());
+      if (!txEffect || txEffect.l2BlockNumber > anchorBlockNumber) {
+        return null;
+      }
+
+      // Every tx has at least one nullifier (the first nullifier derived from the tx hash). Hitting this condition
+      // would mean a buggy node, but since consumers rely on nullifiers[0], the defensive check does no harm.
+      const data = txEffect.data;
+      if (data.nullifiers.length === 0) {
+        throw new Error(`Tx effect for ${txHash} has no nullifiers`);
+      }
+
+      return {
+        txHash: data.txHash,
+        noteHashes: data.noteHashes,
+        nullifiers: data.nullifiers,
+        blockNumber: txEffect.l2BlockNumber,
+        blockHash: txEffect.l2BlockHash,
+        txIndexInBlock: txEffect.txIndexInBlock,
+      };
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+/** The onchain context of a tx: the position it was mined at, and the effects it produced. */
+export type TxOnchainContext = {
+  txHash: TxHash;
+  noteHashes: Fr[];
+  nullifiers: Fr[];
+  blockNumber: BlockNumber;
+  blockHash: BlockHash;
+  txIndexInBlock: number;
+};

package/src/node/benchmarked_node.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+import { Timer } from '@aztec/foundation/timer';
+import type { AztecNode } from '@aztec/stdlib/interfaces/client';
+import type { NodeStats } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
+
+/*
+ * Proxy generator for an AztecNode that tracks the time taken for each RPC call and the number of round trips (actual
+ * blocking waits for node responses).
+ *
+ * A round trip is counted when we transition from 0 to 1 in-flight calls, and ends when all concurrent calls complete.
+ * This means parallel calls in Promise.all count as a single round trip.
+ *
+ * Note that batching of RPC calls in `safe_json_rpc_client.ts` could affect the round trip counts but in places we
+ * currently use this information we do not even use HTTP as we have direct access to the Aztec Node instance in TS
+ * (i.e. not running against external node) so this is not a problem for now.
+ *
+ * If you want to use this against external node and the info gets skewed by batching you can set the `maxBatchSize`
+ * value in `safe_json_rpc_client.ts` to 1 (the main motivation for batching was to get around parallel http requests
+ * limits in web browsers which is not a problem when debugging in node.js).
+ */
+export interface Recording {
+  /** Closes the recording and returns what it saw. Reads served after this are not recorded. */
+  stop(): NodeStats;
+}
+
+/** An {@link AztecNode} wrapper that can report the reads it serves. */
+export interface BenchmarkedAztecNode extends AztecNode {
+  /**
+   * Opens a recording of the reads this wrapper serves, until {@link Recording.stop}. Recordings are independent, so
+   * several may run at once: one measuring a whole run sees the same reads as one measuring a single operation.
+   *
+   * Nothing is measured while none is open, which is what keeps a long-lived wrapper from accumulating a run's worth
+   * of timings nobody asked for.
+   */
+  startRecording(): Recording;
+}
+
+/** Wraps `node` so that the reads it answers can be recorded. */
+export function withRecording(node: AztecNode): BenchmarkedAztecNode {
+  // The stats of every recording currently open
+  const open = new Set<NodeStats>();
+
+  // Round trip tracking
+  let inFlightCount = 0;
+  let currentRoundTripTimer: Timer | null = null;
+  let currentRoundTripMethods: string[] = [];
+
+  return new Proxy(node, {
+    get(target, prop) {
+      if (prop === 'startRecording') {
+        return (): Recording => {
+          const stats: NodeStats = {
+            perMethod: {},
+            roundTrips: { roundTrips: 0, totalBlockingTime: 0, roundTripDurations: [], roundTripMethods: [] },
+          };
+          open.add(stats);
+          return {
+            stop: () => {
+              open.delete(stats);
+              return stats;
+            },
+          };
+        };
+      }
+
+      const value = Reflect.get(target, prop);
+      if (typeof value !== 'function' || typeof prop !== 'string') {
+        return value;
+      }
+
+      return (...args: unknown[]) => {
+        // With no recording open there is nobody to report to, so the read is left untimed.
+        if (open.size === 0) {
+          return value.apply(target, args);
+        }
+
+        // Start of a new round trip batch?
+        if (inFlightCount === 0) {
+          currentRoundTripTimer = new Timer();
+          currentRoundTripMethods = [];
+        }
+        inFlightCount++;
+        currentRoundTripMethods.push(prop);
+
+        const callTimer = new Timer();
+        const result = value.apply(target, args);
+
+        // Handle completion - called when the call finishes (after Promise resolves)
+        const handleCompletion = () => {
+          const callTime = callTimer.ms();
+          for (const stats of open) {
+            timesFor(stats, prop).push(callTime);
+          }
+
+          inFlightCount--;
+
+          // End of round trip batch - all concurrent calls completed
+          if (inFlightCount === 0 && currentRoundTripTimer) {
+            const roundTripTime = currentRoundTripTimer.ms();
+            for (const { roundTrips } of open) {
+              roundTrips.roundTrips++;
+              roundTrips.totalBlockingTime += roundTripTime;
+              roundTrips.roundTripDurations.push(roundTripTime);
+              roundTrips.roundTripMethods.push(currentRoundTripMethods);
+            }
+            currentRoundTripTimer = null;
+            currentRoundTripMethods = [];
+          }
+        };
+
+        // If the result is a Promise, chain the completion handler
+        if (isThenable(result)) {
+          return result.then(
+            resolved => {
+              handleCompletion();
+              return resolved;
+            },
+            error => {
+              handleCompletion();
+              throw error;
+            },
+          );
+        } else {
+          // Synchronous method - handle completion immediately
+          handleCompletion();
+          return result;
+        }
+      };
+    },
+  }) as BenchmarkedAztecNode;
+}
+
+/** The times `stats` holds for `method`, added on first use. */
+function timesFor(stats: NodeStats, method: string) {
+  return (stats.perMethod[method as keyof AztecNode] ??= { times: [] }).times;
+}
+
+/** Whether completion can be chained onto `value` with `.then`, which a promise from any implementation allows. */
+function isThenable(value: unknown): value is PromiseLike<unknown> {
+  return typeof value === 'object' && value !== null && 'then' in value && typeof value.then === 'function';
+}