@3fn/core 14.0.0 → 15.0.0

package/dist/consumer-canonical/skills/impeccable/reference/interaction-design.md

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+# Interaction Design
+
+## The Eight Interactive States
+
+Every interactive element needs these states designed:
+
+| State | When | Visual Treatment |
+|-------|------|------------------|
+| **Default** | At rest | Base styling |
+| **Hover** | Pointer over (not touch) | Subtle lift, color shift |
+| **Focus** | Keyboard/programmatic focus | Visible ring (see below) |
+| **Active** | Being pressed | Pressed in, darker |
+| **Disabled** | Not interactive | Reduced opacity, no pointer |
+| **Loading** | Processing | Spinner, skeleton |
+| **Error** | Invalid state | Red border, icon, message |
+| **Success** | Completed | Green check, confirmation |
+
+**The common miss**: Designing hover without focus, or vice versa. They're different. Keyboard users never see hover states.
+
+## Focus Rings: Do Them Right
+
+**Never `outline: none` without replacement.** It's an accessibility violation. Instead, use `:focus-visible` to show focus only for keyboard users:
+
+```css
+/* Hide focus ring for mouse/touch */
+button:focus {
+  outline: none;
+}
+
+/* Show focus ring for keyboard */
+button:focus-visible {
+  outline: 2px solid var(--color-accent);
+  outline-offset: 2px;
+}
+```
+
+**Focus ring design**:
+- High contrast (3:1 minimum against adjacent colors)
+- 2-3px thick
+- Offset from element (not inside it)
+- Consistent across all interactive elements
+
+## Form Design: The Non-Obvious
+
+**Placeholders aren't labels.** They disappear on input. Always use visible `<label>` elements. **Validate on blur**, not on every keystroke (exception: password strength). Place errors **below** fields with `aria-describedby` connecting them.
+
+## Loading States
+
+**Optimistic updates**: Show success immediately, rollback on failure. Use for low-stakes actions (likes, follows), not payments or destructive actions. **Skeleton screens > spinners**: they preview content shape and feel faster than generic spinners.
+
+## Modals: The Inert Approach
+
+Focus trapping in modals used to require complex JavaScript. Now use the `inert` attribute:
+
+```html
+<!-- When modal is open -->
+<main inert>
+  <!-- Content behind modal can't be focused or clicked -->
+</main>
+<dialog open>
+  <h2>Modal Title</h2>
+  <!-- Focus stays inside modal -->
+</dialog>
+```
+
+Or use the native `<dialog>` element:
+
+```javascript
+const dialog = document.querySelector('dialog');
+dialog.showModal();  // Opens with focus trap, closes on Escape
+```
+
+## The Popover API
+
+For tooltips, dropdowns, and non-modal overlays, use native popovers:
+
+```html
+<button popovertarget="menu">Open menu</button>
+<div id="menu" popover>
+  <button>Option 1</button>
+  <button>Option 2</button>
+</div>
+```
+
+**Benefits**: Light-dismiss (click outside closes), proper stacking, no z-index wars, accessible by default.
+
+## Dropdown & Overlay Positioning
+
+Dropdowns rendered with `position: absolute` inside a container that has `overflow: hidden` or `overflow: auto` will be clipped. This is the single most common dropdown bug in generated code.
+
+### CSS Anchor Positioning
+
+The modern solution uses the CSS Anchor Positioning API to tether an overlay to its trigger without JavaScript:
+
+```css
+.trigger {
+  anchor-name: --menu-trigger;
+}
+
+.dropdown {
+  position: fixed;
+  position-anchor: --menu-trigger;
+  position-area: block-end span-inline-end;
+  margin-top: 4px;
+}
+
+/* Flip above if no room below */
+@position-try --flip-above {
+  position-area: block-start span-inline-end;
+  margin-bottom: 4px;
+}
+```
+
+Because the dropdown uses `position: fixed`, it escapes any `overflow` clipping on ancestor elements. The `@position-try` block handles viewport edges automatically. **Browser support**: Chrome 125+, Edge 125+. Not yet in Firefox or Safari - use a fallback for those browsers.
+
+### Popover + Anchor Combo
+
+Combining the Popover API with anchor positioning gives you stacking, light-dismiss, accessibility, and correct positioning in one pattern:
+
+```html
+<button popovertarget="menu" class="trigger">Open</button>
+<div id="menu" popover class="dropdown">
+  <button>Option 1</button>
+  <button>Option 2</button>
+</div>
+```
+
+The `popover` attribute places the element in the **top layer**, which sits above all other content regardless of z-index or overflow. No portal needed.
+
+### Portal / Teleport Pattern
+
+In component frameworks, render the dropdown at the document root and position it with JavaScript:
+
+- **React**: `createPortal(dropdown, document.body)`
+- **Vue**: `<Teleport to="body">`
+- **Svelte**: Use a portal library or mount to `document.body`
+
+Calculate position from the trigger's `getBoundingClientRect()`, then apply `position: fixed` with `top` and `left` values. Recalculate on scroll and resize.
+
+### Fixed Positioning Fallback
+
+For browsers without anchor positioning support, `position: fixed` with manual coordinates avoids overflow clipping:
+
+```css
+.dropdown {
+  position: fixed;
+  /* top/left set via JS from trigger's getBoundingClientRect() */
+}
+```
+
+Check viewport boundaries before rendering. If the dropdown would overflow the bottom edge, flip it above the trigger. If it would overflow the right edge, align it to the trigger's right side instead.
+
+### Anti-Patterns
+
+- **`position: absolute` inside `overflow: hidden`** - The dropdown will be clipped. Use `position: fixed` or the top layer instead.
+- **Arbitrary z-index values** like `z-index: 9999` - Use a semantic z-index scale: `dropdown (100) -> sticky (200) -> modal-backdrop (300) -> modal (400) -> toast (500) -> tooltip (600)`.
+- **Rendering dropdown markup inline** without an escape hatch from the parent's stacking context. Either use `popover` (top layer), a portal, or `position: fixed`.
+
+## Destructive Actions: Undo > Confirm
+
+**Undo is better than confirmation dialogs.** Users click through confirmations mindlessly. Remove from UI immediately, show undo toast, actually delete after toast expires. Use confirmation only for truly irreversible actions (account deletion), high-cost actions, or batch operations.
+
+## Keyboard Navigation Patterns
+
+### Roving Tabindex
+
+For component groups (tabs, menu items, radio groups), one item is tabbable; arrow keys move within:
+
+```html
+<div role="tablist">
+  <button role="tab" tabindex="0">Tab 1</button>
+  <button role="tab" tabindex="-1">Tab 2</button>
+  <button role="tab" tabindex="-1">Tab 3</button>
+</div>
+```
+
+Arrow keys move `tabindex="0"` between items. Tab moves to the next component entirely.
+
+### Skip Links
+
+Provide skip links (`<a href="#main-content">Skip to main content</a>`) for keyboard users to jump past navigation. Hide off-screen, show on focus.
+
+## Gesture Discoverability
+
+Swipe-to-delete and similar gestures are invisible. Hint at their existence:
+
+- **Partially reveal**: Show delete button peeking from edge
+- **Onboarding**: Coach marks on first use
+- **Alternative**: Always provide a visible fallback (menu with "Delete")
+
+Don't rely on gestures as the only way to perform actions.
+
+---
+
+**Avoid**: Removing focus indicators without alternatives. Using placeholder text as labels. Touch targets <44x44px. Generic error messages. Custom controls without ARIA/keyboard support.

package/dist/consumer-canonical/skills/impeccable/reference/layout.md

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+Space is the most underused design tool. Find the layout's actual problem (monotone spacing, weak hierarchy, identical card grids, the centered-stack default) and fix the structure, not the surface.
+
+---
+
+## Register
+
+Brand: asymmetric compositions, fluid spacing with `clamp()`, intentional grid-breaking for emphasis. Rhythm through contrast: tight groupings paired with generous separations.
+
+Product: predictable grids, consistent densities, familiar navigation patterns. Responsive behavior is structural (collapse sidebar, responsive table), not fluid typography. Consistency IS an affordance.
+
+---
+
+## Assess Current Layout
+
+Analyze what's weak about the current spatial design:
+
+1. **Spacing**:
+   - Is spacing consistent or arbitrary? (Random padding/margin values)
+   - Is all spacing the same? (Equal padding everywhere = no rhythm)
+   - Are related elements grouped tightly, with generous space between groups?
+
+2. **Visual hierarchy**:
+   - Apply the squint test: blur your (metaphorical) eyes. Can you still identify the most important element, second most important, and clear groupings?
+   - Is hierarchy achieved effectively? (Space and weight alone can be enough; is the current approach working?)
+   - Does whitespace guide the eye to what matters?
+
+3. **Grid & structure**:
+   - Is there a clear underlying structure, or does the layout feel random?
+   - Are identical card grids used everywhere? (Icon + heading + text, repeated endlessly)
+   - Is everything centered? (Left-aligned with asymmetric layouts feels more designed, but not a hard and fast rule)
+
+4. **Rhythm & variety**:
+   - Does the layout have visual rhythm? (Alternating tight/generous spacing)
+   - Is every section structured the same way? (Monotonous repetition)
+   - Are there intentional moments of surprise or emphasis?
+
+5. **Density**:
+   - Is the layout too cramped? (Not enough breathing room)
+   - Is the layout too sparse? (Excessive whitespace without purpose)
+   - Does density match the content type? (Data-dense UIs need tighter spacing; marketing pages need more air)
+
+**CRITICAL**: Layout problems are often the root cause of interfaces feeling "off" even when colors and fonts are fine. Space is a design material; use it with intention.
+
+## Plan Layout Improvements
+
+Consult the [spatial design reference](spatial-design.md) for detailed guidance on grids, rhythm, and container queries.
+
+Create a systematic plan:
+
+- **Spacing system**: Use a consistent scale (a framework's built-in scale like Tailwind's, rem-based tokens, or a custom system). The specific values matter less than consistency.
+- **Hierarchy strategy**: How will space communicate importance?
+- **Layout approach**: What structure fits the content? Flex for 1D, Grid for 2D, named areas for complex page layouts.
+- **Rhythm**: Where should spacing be tight vs generous?
+
+## Improve Layout Systematically
+
+### Establish a Spacing System
+
+- Use a consistent spacing scale (framework scales like Tailwind, rem-based tokens, or a custom scale all work). What matters is that values come from a defined set, not arbitrary numbers.
+- Name tokens semantically if using custom properties: `--space-xs` through `--space-xl`, not `--spacing-8`
+- Use `gap` for sibling spacing instead of margins; eliminates margin collapse hacks
+- Apply `clamp()` for fluid spacing that breathes on larger screens
+
+### Create Visual Rhythm
+
+- **Tight grouping** for related elements (8-12px between siblings)
+- **Generous separation** between distinct sections (48-96px)
+- **Varied spacing** within sections (not every row needs the same gap)
+- **Asymmetric compositions**: break the predictable centered-content pattern when it makes sense
+
+### Choose the Right Layout Tool
+
+- **Use Flexbox for 1D layouts**: Rows of items, nav bars, button groups, card contents, most component internals. Flex is simpler and more appropriate for the majority of layout tasks.
+- **Use Grid for 2D layouts**: Page-level structure, dashboards, data-dense interfaces, anything where rows AND columns need coordinated control.
+- **Don't default to Grid** when Flexbox with `flex-wrap` would be simpler and more flexible.
+- Use `repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr))` for responsive grids without breakpoints.
+- Use named grid areas (`grid-template-areas`) for complex page layouts; redefine at breakpoints.
+
+### Break Card Grid Monotony
+
+- Don't default to card grids for everything; spacing and alignment create visual grouping naturally
+- Use cards only when content is truly distinct and actionable. Never nest cards inside cards
+- Vary card sizes, span columns, or mix cards with non-card content to break repetition
+
+### Strengthen Visual Hierarchy
+
+- Use the fewest dimensions needed for clear hierarchy. Space alone can be enough; generous whitespace around an element draws the eye. Some of the most polished designs achieve rhythm with just space and weight. Add color or size contrast only when simpler means aren't sufficient.
+- Be aware of reading flow: in LTR languages, the eye naturally scans top-left to bottom-right, but primary action placement depends on context (e.g., bottom-right in dialogs, top in navigation).
+- Create clear content groupings through proximity and separation.
+
+### Manage Depth & Elevation
+
+- Create a semantic z-index scale (dropdown → sticky → modal-backdrop → modal → toast → tooltip)
+- Build a consistent shadow scale (sm → md → lg → xl); shadows should be subtle
+- Use elevation to reinforce hierarchy, not as decoration
+
+### Optical Adjustments
+
+- If an icon looks visually off-center despite being geometrically centered, nudge it. But only if you're confident it actually looks wrong. Don't adjust speculatively.
+
+**NEVER**:
+- Use arbitrary spacing values outside your scale
+- Make all spacing equal (variety creates hierarchy)
+- Wrap everything in cards (not everything needs a container)
+- Nest cards inside cards (use spacing and dividers for hierarchy within)
+- Use identical card grids everywhere (icon + heading + text, repeated)
+- Center everything (left-aligned with asymmetry feels more designed)
+- Default to the hero metric layout (big number, small label, stats, gradient) as a template. If showing real user data, a prominent metric can work, but it should display actual data, not decorative numbers.
+- Default to CSS Grid when Flexbox would be simpler; use the simplest tool for the job
+- Use arbitrary z-index values (999, 9999); build a semantic scale
+
+## Verify Layout Improvements
+
+- **Squint test**: Can you identify primary, secondary, and groupings with blurred vision?
+- **Rhythm**: Does the page have a satisfying beat of tight and generous spacing?
+- **Hierarchy**: Is the most important content obvious within 2 seconds?
+- **Breathing room**: Does the layout feel comfortable, not cramped or wasteful?
+- **Consistency**: Is the spacing system applied uniformly?
+- **Responsiveness**: Does the layout adapt gracefully across screen sizes?
+
+When the rhythm and hierarchy land, hand off to `/impeccable polish` for the final pass.
+
+## Live-mode signature params
+
+Each variant MUST declare a `density` param. Drive all spacing tokens in the variant's scoped CSS through `calc(var(--p-density, 1) * <base>)`: paddings, gaps, column widths. Users slide from airy to packed and see layout re-breathe with no regeneration.
+
+```json
+{"id":"density","kind":"range","min":0.6,"max":1.4,"step":0.05,"default":1,"label":"Density"}
+```
+
+For variants whose topology genuinely changes (stacked vs. side-by-side, grid vs. bento), use a `steps` param whose scoped CSS branches via `:scope[data-p-structure="X"]`. One structure param + one density param is a powerful combo; resist adding a third.
+
+```json
+{"id":"structure","kind":"steps","default":"grid","label":"Structure","options":[
+  {"value":"stacked","label":"Stacked"},
+  {"value":"grid","label":"Grid"},
+  {"value":"bento","label":"Bento"}
+]}
+```
+
+See `reference/live.md` for the full params contract.