zxing_cpp 0.1.0

data/ext/zxing/zxing-cpp/core/src/zxing/pdf417/decoder/ec/ModulusPoly.h

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#ifndef __MODULUS_GFPOLY_PDF_H__
+#define __MODULUS_GFPOLY_PDF_H__
+
+/*
+ * Copyright 2012 ZXing authors
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ * 2012-09-17 HFN translation from Java into C++
+ */
+
+#include <zxing/common/Counted.h>
+#include <zxing/common/Array.h>
+#include <zxing/common/DecoderResult.h>
+#include <zxing/common/BitMatrix.h>
+
+namespace zxing {
+namespace pdf417 {
+namespace decoder {
+namespace ec {
+
+class ModulusGF;
+
+/**
+ * @author Sean Owen
+ * @see com.google.zxing.common.reedsolomon.GenericGFPoly
+ */
+class ModulusPoly: public Counted {
+
+  private:
+	ModulusGF &field_;
+	ArrayRef<int> coefficients_;
+  public:
+	ModulusPoly(ModulusGF& field, ArrayRef<int> coefficients);
+	~ModulusPoly();
+	ArrayRef<int> getCoefficients();
+	int getDegree();
+	bool isZero();
+	int getCoefficient(int degree);
+	int evaluateAt(int a);
+	Ref<ModulusPoly> add(Ref<ModulusPoly> other);
+	Ref<ModulusPoly> subtract(Ref<ModulusPoly> other);
+	Ref<ModulusPoly> multiply(Ref<ModulusPoly> other);
+	Ref<ModulusPoly> negative();
+	Ref<ModulusPoly> multiply(int scalar);
+	Ref<ModulusPoly> multiplyByMonomial(int degree, int coefficient);
+	std::vector<Ref<ModulusPoly> > divide(Ref<ModulusPoly> other);
+	#if 0
+    public String toString();
+	#endif
+};
+
+}
+}
+}
+}
+
+#endif /* __MODULUS_GFPOLY_PDF_H__ */

data/ext/zxing/zxing-cpp/core/src/zxing/pdf417/detector/Detector.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,664 @@
+// -*- mode:c++; tab-width:2; indent-tabs-mode:nil; c-basic-offset:2 -*-
+/*
+ * Copyright 2010 ZXing authors All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <limits>
+#include <zxing/pdf417/detector/Detector.h>
+#include <zxing/pdf417/detector/LinesSampler.h>
+#include <zxing/common/GridSampler.h>
+#include <zxing/common/detector/JavaMath.h>
+#include <zxing/common/detector/MathUtils.h>
+
+using std::max;
+using std::abs;
+using std::numeric_limits;
+using zxing::pdf417::detector::Detector;
+using zxing::common::detector::Math;
+using zxing::common::detector::MathUtils;
+using zxing::Ref;
+using zxing::ArrayRef;
+using zxing::DetectorResult;
+using zxing::ResultPoint;
+using zxing::Point;
+using zxing::BitMatrix;
+using zxing::GridSampler;
+
+// VC++
+
+using zxing::BinaryBitmap;
+using zxing::DecodeHints;
+using zxing::Line;
+
+/**
+ * <p>Encapsulates logic that can detect a PDF417 Code in an image, even if the
+ * PDF417 Code is rotated or skewed, or partially obscured.</p>
+ *
+ * @author SITA Lab (kevin.osullivan@sita.aero)
+ * @author Daniel Switkin (dswitkin@google.com)
+ * @author Schweers Informationstechnologie GmbH (hartmut.neubauer@schweers.de)
+ * @author creatale GmbH (christoph.schulz@creatale.de)
+ */
+
+const int Detector::MAX_AVG_VARIANCE= (int) (PATTERN_MATCH_RESULT_SCALE_FACTOR * 0.42f);
+const int Detector::MAX_INDIVIDUAL_VARIANCE = (int) (PATTERN_MATCH_RESULT_SCALE_FACTOR * 0.8f);
+
+// B S B S B S B S Bar/Space pattern
+// 11111111 0 1 0 1 0 1 000
+const int Detector::START_PATTERN[] = {8, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3};
+const int Detector::START_PATTERN_LENGTH = sizeof(START_PATTERN) / sizeof(int);
+
+// 11111111 0 1 0 1 0 1 000
+const int Detector::START_PATTERN_REVERSE[] = {3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 8};
+const int Detector::START_PATTERN_REVERSE_LENGTH = sizeof(START_PATTERN_REVERSE) / sizeof(int);
+
+// 1111111 0 1 000 1 0 1 00 1
+const int Detector::STOP_PATTERN[] = {7, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1};
+const int Detector::STOP_PATTERN_LENGTH = sizeof(STOP_PATTERN) / sizeof(int);
+
+// B S B S B S B S B Bar/Space pattern
+// 1111111 0 1 000 1 0 1 00 1
+const int Detector::STOP_PATTERN_REVERSE[] = {1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 7};
+const int Detector::STOP_PATTERN_REVERSE_LENGTH = sizeof(STOP_PATTERN_REVERSE) / sizeof(int);
+
+Detector::Detector(Ref<BinaryBitmap> image) : image_(image) {}
+
+Ref<DetectorResult> Detector::detect() {
+  return detect(DecodeHints());
+}
+
+Ref<DetectorResult> Detector::detect(DecodeHints const& hints) {
+  (void)hints;
+  // Fetch the 1 bit matrix once up front.
+  Ref<BitMatrix> matrix = image_->getBlackMatrix();
+
+  // Try to find the vertices assuming the image is upright.
+  const int rowStep = 8;
+  ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > vertices (findVertices(matrix, rowStep));
+  if (!vertices) {
+    // Maybe the image is rotated 180 degrees?
+    vertices = findVertices180(matrix, rowStep);
+    if (vertices) {
+      correctVertices(matrix, vertices, true);
+    }
+  } else {
+    correctVertices(matrix, vertices, false);
+  }
+
+  if (!vertices) {
+    throw NotFoundException("No vertices found.");
+  }
+  
+  float moduleWidth = computeModuleWidth(vertices);
+  if (moduleWidth < 1.0f) {
+    throw NotFoundException("Bad module width.");
+  }
+  
+  int dimension = computeDimension(vertices[12], vertices[14],
+                                   vertices[13], vertices[15], moduleWidth);
+  if (dimension < 1) {
+    throw NotFoundException("Bad dimension.");
+  }
+  
+  int yDimension = max(computeYDimension(vertices[12], vertices[14],
+                                         vertices[13], vertices[15], moduleWidth), dimension);
+
+  // Deskew and sample lines from image.
+  Ref<BitMatrix> linesMatrix = sampleLines(vertices, dimension, yDimension);
+  Ref<BitMatrix> linesGrid(LinesSampler(linesMatrix, dimension).sample());
+
+  ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > points(4);
+  points[0] = vertices[5];
+  points[1] = vertices[4];
+  points[2] = vertices[6];
+  points[3] = vertices[7];
+  return Ref<DetectorResult>(new DetectorResult(linesGrid, points));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Locate the vertices and the codewords area of a black blob using the Start
+ * and Stop patterns as locators.
+ *
+ * @param matrix the scanned barcode image.
+ * @param rowStep the step size for iterating rows (every n-th row).
+ * @return an array containing the vertices:
+ *           vertices[0] x, y top left barcode
+ *           vertices[1] x, y bottom left barcode
+ *           vertices[2] x, y top right barcode
+ *           vertices[3] x, y bottom right barcode
+ *           vertices[4] x, y top left codeword area
+ *           vertices[5] x, y bottom left codeword area
+ *           vertices[6] x, y top right codeword area
+ *           vertices[7] x, y bottom right codeword area
+ */
+ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > Detector::findVertices(Ref<BitMatrix> matrix, int rowStep)
+{
+  const int height = matrix->getHeight();
+  const int width = matrix->getWidth();
+  
+  ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > result(16);
+  bool found = false;
+
+  ArrayRef<int> counters(new Array<int>(START_PATTERN_LENGTH));
+
+  // Top Left
+  for (int i = 0; i < height; i += rowStep) {
+    ArrayRef<int> loc = findGuardPattern(matrix, 0, i, width, false, START_PATTERN,
+                                         START_PATTERN_LENGTH, counters);
+    if (loc) {
+      result[0] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[0], (float)i);
+      result[4] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[1], (float)i);
+      found = true;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  // Bottom left
+  if (found) { // Found the Top Left vertex
+    found = false;
+    for (int i = height - 1; i > 0; i -= rowStep) {
+      ArrayRef<int> loc = findGuardPattern(matrix, 0, i, width, false, START_PATTERN,
+                                           START_PATTERN_LENGTH, counters);
+      if (loc) {
+        result[1] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[0], (float)i);
+        result[5] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[1], (float)i);
+        found = true;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  counters = new Array<int>(STOP_PATTERN_LENGTH);
+
+  // Top right
+  if (found) { // Found the Bottom Left vertex
+    found = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < height; i += rowStep) {
+      ArrayRef<int> loc = findGuardPattern(matrix, 0, i, width, false, STOP_PATTERN,
+                                           STOP_PATTERN_LENGTH, counters);
+      if (loc) {
+        result[2] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[1], (float)i);
+        result[6] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[0], (float)i);
+        found = true;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  // Bottom right
+  if (found) { // Found the Top right vertex
+    found = false;
+    for (int i = height - 1; i > 0; i -= rowStep) {
+      ArrayRef<int> loc = findGuardPattern(matrix, 0, i, width, false, STOP_PATTERN,
+                                           STOP_PATTERN_LENGTH, counters);
+      if (loc) {
+        result[3] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[1], (float)i);
+        result[7] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[0], (float)i);
+        found = true;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return found ? result : ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> >();
+}
+
+ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > Detector::findVertices180(Ref<BitMatrix> matrix, int rowStep) {
+  const int height = matrix->getHeight();
+  const int width = matrix->getWidth();
+  const int halfWidth = width >> 1;
+  
+  ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > result(16);
+  bool found = false;
+  
+  ArrayRef<int> counters = new Array<int>(START_PATTERN_REVERSE_LENGTH);
+  
+  // Top Left
+  for (int i = height - 1; i > 0; i -= rowStep) {
+    ArrayRef<int> loc =
+        findGuardPattern(matrix, halfWidth, i, halfWidth, true, START_PATTERN_REVERSE,
+                         START_PATTERN_REVERSE_LENGTH, counters);
+    if (loc) {
+      result[0] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[1], (float)i);
+      result[4] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[0], (float)i);
+      found = true;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  // Bottom Left
+  if (found) { // Found the Top Left vertex
+    found = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < height; i += rowStep) {
+      ArrayRef<int> loc =
+          findGuardPattern(matrix, halfWidth, i, halfWidth, true, START_PATTERN_REVERSE,
+                           START_PATTERN_REVERSE_LENGTH, counters);
+      if (loc) {
+        result[1] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[1], (float)i);
+        result[5] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[0], (float)i);
+        found = true;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  counters = new Array<int>(STOP_PATTERN_REVERSE_LENGTH);
+
+  // Top Right
+  if (found) { // Found the Bottom Left vertex
+    found = false;
+    for (int i = height - 1; i > 0; i -= rowStep) {
+      ArrayRef<int> loc = findGuardPattern(matrix, 0, i, halfWidth, false, STOP_PATTERN_REVERSE,
+                                           STOP_PATTERN_REVERSE_LENGTH, counters);
+      if (loc) {
+        result[2] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[0], (float)i);
+        result[6] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[1], (float)i);
+        found = true;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  // Bottom Right
+  if (found) { // Found the Top Right vertex
+    found = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < height; i += rowStep) {
+      ArrayRef<int> loc = findGuardPattern(matrix, 0, i, halfWidth, false, STOP_PATTERN_REVERSE,
+                                           STOP_PATTERN_REVERSE_LENGTH, counters);
+      if (loc) {
+        result[3] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[0], (float)i);
+        result[7] = new ResultPoint((float)loc[1], (float)i);
+        found = true;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return found ? result : ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> >();
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param matrix row of black/white values to search
+ * @param column x position to start search
+ * @param row y position to start search
+ * @param width the number of pixels to search on this row
+ * @param pattern pattern of counts of number of black and white pixels that are
+ *                 being searched for as a pattern
+ * @param counters array of counters, as long as pattern, to re-use
+ * @return start/end horizontal offset of guard pattern, as an array of two ints.
+ */
+ArrayRef<int> Detector::findGuardPattern(Ref<BitMatrix> matrix,
+                                         int column,
+                                         int row,
+                                         int width,
+                                         bool whiteFirst,
+                                         const int pattern[],
+                                         int patternSize,
+                                         ArrayRef<int>& counters) {
+  counters->values().assign(counters->size(), 0);
+  int patternLength = patternSize;
+  bool isWhite = whiteFirst;
+
+  int counterPosition = 0;
+  int patternStart = column;
+  for (int x = column; x < column + width; x++) {
+    bool pixel = matrix->get(x, row);
+    if (pixel ^ isWhite) {
+      counters[counterPosition]++;
+    } else {
+      if (counterPosition == patternLength - 1) {
+        if (patternMatchVariance(counters, pattern,
+                                 MAX_INDIVIDUAL_VARIANCE) < MAX_AVG_VARIANCE) {
+          ArrayRef<int> result = new Array<int>(2);
+          result[0] = patternStart;
+          result[1] = x;
+          return result;
+        }
+        patternStart += counters[0] + counters[1];
+        for(int i = 0; i < patternLength - 2; ++i)
+          counters[i] = counters[ i + 2];
+        counters[patternLength - 2] = 0;
+        counters[patternLength - 1] = 0;
+        counterPosition--;
+      } else {
+        counterPosition++;
+      }
+      counters[counterPosition] = 1;
+      isWhite = !isWhite;
+    }
+  }
+  return ArrayRef<int>();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determines how closely a set of observed counts of runs of black/white
+ * values matches a given target pattern. This is reported as the ratio of
+ * the total variance from the expected pattern proportions across all
+ * pattern elements, to the length of the pattern.
+ *
+ * @param counters observed counters
+ * @param pattern expected pattern
+ * @param maxIndividualVariance The most any counter can differ before we give up
+ * @return ratio of total variance between counters and pattern compared to
+ *         total pattern size, where the ratio has been multiplied by 256.
+ *         So, 0 means no variance (perfect match); 256 means the total
+ *         variance between counters and patterns equals the pattern length,
+ *         higher values mean even more variance
+ */
+int Detector::patternMatchVariance(ArrayRef<int>& counters,
+                                   const int pattern[],
+                                   int maxIndividualVariance)
+{
+  int numCounters = counters->size();
+  int total = 0;
+  int patternLength = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < numCounters; i++) {
+    total += counters[i];
+    patternLength += pattern[i];
+  }
+  if (total < patternLength) {
+    // If we don't even have one pixel per unit of bar width, assume this
+    // is too small to reliably match, so fail:
+    return numeric_limits<int>::max();
+  }
+  // We're going to fake floating-point math in integers. We just need to use more bits.
+  // Scale up patternLength so that intermediate values below like scaledCounter will have
+  // more "significant digits".
+  int unitBarWidth = (total << 8) / patternLength;
+  maxIndividualVariance = (maxIndividualVariance * unitBarWidth) >> 8;
+
+  int totalVariance = 0;
+  for (int x = 0; x < numCounters; x++) {
+    int counter = counters[x] << 8;
+    int scaledPattern = pattern[x] * unitBarWidth;
+    int variance = counter > scaledPattern ? counter - scaledPattern : scaledPattern - counter;
+    if (variance > maxIndividualVariance) {
+      return numeric_limits<int>::max();
+    }
+    totalVariance += variance;
+  }
+  return totalVariance / total;
+}
+
+/**
+ * <p>Correct the vertices by searching for top and bottom vertices of wide
+ * bars, then locate the intersections between the upper and lower horizontal
+ * line and the inner vertices vertical lines.</p>
+ *
+ * @param matrix the scanned barcode image.
+ * @param vertices the vertices vector is extended and the new members are:
+ *           vertices[ 8] x,y point on upper border of left wide bar
+ *           vertices[ 9] x,y point on lower border of left wide bar
+ *           vertices[10] x,y point on upper border of right wide bar
+ *           vertices[11] x,y point on lower border of right wide bar
+ *           vertices[12] x,y final top left codeword area
+ *           vertices[13] x,y final bottom left codeword area
+ *           vertices[14] x,y final top right codeword area
+ *           vertices[15] x,y final bottom right codeword area
+ * @param upsideDown true if rotated by 180 degree.
+ */
+void Detector::correctVertices(Ref<BitMatrix> matrix,
+                               ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> >& vertices,
+                               bool upsideDown)
+{
+  bool isLowLeft = abs(vertices[4]->getY() - vertices[5]->getY()) < 20.0;
+  bool isLowRight = abs(vertices[6]->getY() - vertices[7]->getY()) < 20.0;
+  if (isLowLeft || isLowRight) {
+    throw NotFoundException("Cannot find enough PDF417 guard patterns!");
+  } else {
+    findWideBarTopBottom(matrix, vertices, 0, 0,  8, 17, upsideDown ? 1 : -1);
+    findWideBarTopBottom(matrix, vertices, 1, 0,  8, 17, upsideDown ? -1 : 1);
+    findWideBarTopBottom(matrix, vertices, 2, 11, 7, 18, upsideDown ? 1 : -1);
+    findWideBarTopBottom(matrix, vertices, 3, 11, 7, 18, upsideDown ? -1 : 1);
+    findCrossingPoint(vertices, 12, 4, 5, 8, 10, matrix);
+    findCrossingPoint(vertices, 13, 4, 5, 9, 11, matrix);
+    findCrossingPoint(vertices, 14, 6, 7, 8, 10, matrix);
+    findCrossingPoint(vertices, 15, 6, 7, 9, 11, matrix);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * <p>Locate the top or bottom of one of the two wide black bars of a guard pattern.</p>
+ *
+ * <p>Warning: it only searches along the y axis, so the return points would not be
+ * right if the barcode is too curved.</p>
+ *
+ * @param matrix The bit matrix.
+ * @param vertices The 16 vertices located by findVertices(); the result
+ *           points are stored into vertices[8], ... , vertices[11].
+ * @param offsetVertice The offset of the outer vertice and the inner
+ *           vertice (+ 4) to be corrected and (+ 8) where the result is stored.
+ * @param startWideBar start of a wide bar.
+ * @param lenWideBar length of wide bar.
+ * @param lenPattern length of the pattern.
+ * @param rowStep +1 if corner should be exceeded towards the bottom, -1 towards the top.
+ */
+void Detector::findWideBarTopBottom(Ref<BitMatrix> matrix,
+                                    ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > &vertices,
+                                    int offsetVertice,
+                                    int startWideBar,
+                                    int lenWideBar,
+                                    int lenPattern,
+                                    int rowStep)
+{
+  Ref<ResultPoint> verticeStart(vertices[offsetVertice]);
+  Ref<ResultPoint> verticeEnd(vertices[offsetVertice + 4]);
+
+  // Start horizontally at the middle of the bar.
+  int endWideBar = startWideBar + lenWideBar;
+  float barDiff = verticeEnd->getX() - verticeStart->getX();
+  float barStart = verticeStart->getX() + barDiff * (float)startWideBar / (float)lenPattern;
+  float barEnd = verticeStart->getX() + barDiff * (float)endWideBar / (float)lenPattern;
+  int x = Math::round((barStart + barEnd) / 2.0f);
+
+  // Start vertically between the preliminary vertices.
+  int yStart = Math::round(verticeStart->getY());
+  int y = yStart;
+
+  // Find offset of thin bar to the right as additional safeguard.
+  int nextBarX = int(max(barStart, barEnd) + 1);
+  for (; nextBarX < matrix->getWidth(); nextBarX++)
+    if (!matrix->get(nextBarX - 1, y) && matrix->get(nextBarX, y)) break;
+  nextBarX -= x;
+
+  bool isEnd = false;
+  while (!isEnd) {
+    if (matrix->get(x, y)) {
+      // If the thin bar to the right ended, stop as well
+      isEnd = !matrix->get(x + nextBarX, y) && !matrix->get(x + nextBarX + 1, y);
+      y += rowStep;
+      if (y <= 0 || y >= (int)matrix->getHeight() - 1) {
+        // End of barcode image reached.
+        isEnd = true;
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Look sidewise whether black bar continues? (in the case the image is skewed)
+      if (x > 0 && matrix->get(x - 1, y)) {
+        x--;
+      } else if (x < (int)matrix->getWidth() - 1 && matrix->get(x + 1, y)) {
+        x++;
+      } else {
+        // End of pattern regarding big bar and big gap reached.
+        isEnd = true;
+        if (y != yStart) {
+          // Turn back one step, because target has been exceeded.
+          y -= rowStep;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  vertices[offsetVertice + 8] = new ResultPoint((float)x, (float)y);
+}
+
+/**
+ * <p>Finds the intersection of two lines.</p>
+ *
+ * @param vertices The reference of the vertices vector
+ * @param idxResult Index of result point inside the vertices vector.
+ * @param idxLineA1
+ * @param idxLineA2 Indices two points inside the vertices vector that define the first line.
+ * @param idxLineB1
+ * @param idxLineB2 Indices two points inside the vertices vector that define the second line.
+ * @param matrix: bit matrix, here only for testing whether the result is inside the matrix.
+ * @return Returns true when the result is valid and lies inside the matrix. Otherwise throws an
+ * exception.
+ **/
+void Detector::findCrossingPoint(ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> >& vertices,
+                                 int idxResult,
+                                 int idxLineA1, int idxLineA2,
+                                 int idxLineB1, int idxLineB2,
+                                 Ref<BitMatrix>& matrix)
+{
+  Point p1(vertices[idxLineA1]->getX(), vertices[idxLineA1]->getY());
+  Point p2(vertices[idxLineA2]->getX(), vertices[idxLineA2]->getY());
+  Point p3(vertices[idxLineB1]->getX(), vertices[idxLineB1]->getY());
+  Point p4(vertices[idxLineB2]->getX(), vertices[idxLineB2]->getY());
+
+  Point result(intersection(Line(p1, p2), Line(p3, p4)));
+  if (result.x == numeric_limits<float>::infinity() ||
+      result.y == numeric_limits<float>::infinity()) {
+    throw NotFoundException("PDF:Detector: cannot find the crossing of parallel lines!");
+  }
+
+  int x = Math::round(result.x);
+  int y = Math::round(result.y);
+  if (x < 0 || x >= (int)matrix->getWidth() || y < 0 || y >= (int)matrix->getHeight()) {
+    throw NotFoundException("PDF:Detector: crossing points out of region!");
+  }
+
+  vertices[idxResult] = Ref<ResultPoint>(new ResultPoint(result.x, result.y));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Computes the intersection between two lines.
+ */
+Point Detector::intersection(Line a, Line b) {
+  float dxa = a.start.x - a.end.x;
+  float dxb = b.start.x - b.end.x;
+  float dya = a.start.y - a.end.y;
+  float dyb = b.start.y - b.end.y;
+
+  float p = a.start.x * a.end.y - a.start.y * a.end.x;
+  float q = b.start.x * b.end.y - b.start.y * b.end.x;
+  float denom = dxa * dyb - dya * dxb;
+  if(abs(denom) < 1e-12)  // Lines don't intersect (replaces "denom == 0")
+    return Point(numeric_limits<float>::infinity(),
+                 numeric_limits<float>::infinity());
+
+  float x = (p * dxb - dxa * q) / denom;
+  float y = (p * dyb - dya * q) / denom;
+
+  return Point(x, y);
+}
+
+/**
+ * <p>Estimates module size (pixels in a module) based on the Start and End
+ * finder patterns.</p>
+ *
+ * @param vertices an array of vertices:
+ *           vertices[0] x, y top left barcode
+ *           vertices[1] x, y bottom left barcode
+ *           vertices[2] x, y top right barcode
+ *           vertices[3] x, y bottom right barcode
+ *           vertices[4] x, y top left codeword area
+ *           vertices[5] x, y bottom left codeword area
+ *           vertices[6] x, y top right codeword area
+ *           vertices[7] x, y bottom right codeword area
+ * @return the module size.
+ */
+float Detector::computeModuleWidth(ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> >& vertices) {
+  float pixels1 = ResultPoint::distance(vertices[0], vertices[4]);
+  float pixels2 = ResultPoint::distance(vertices[1], vertices[5]);
+  float moduleWidth1 = (pixels1 + pixels2) / (17 * 2.0f);
+  float pixels3 = ResultPoint::distance(vertices[6], vertices[2]);
+  float pixels4 = ResultPoint::distance(vertices[7], vertices[3]);
+  float moduleWidth2 = (pixels3 + pixels4) / (18 * 2.0f);
+  return (moduleWidth1 + moduleWidth2) / 2.0f;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Computes the dimension (number of modules in a row) of the PDF417 Code
+ * based on vertices of the codeword area and estimated module size.
+ *
+ * @param topLeft     of codeword area
+ * @param topRight    of codeword area
+ * @param bottomLeft  of codeword area
+ * @param bottomRight of codeword are
+ * @param moduleWidth estimated module size
+ * @return the number of modules in a row.
+ */
+int Detector::computeDimension(Ref<ResultPoint> const& topLeft,
+                               Ref<ResultPoint> const& topRight,
+                               Ref<ResultPoint> const& bottomLeft,
+                               Ref<ResultPoint> const& bottomRight,
+                               float moduleWidth)
+{
+  int topRowDimension = MathUtils::round(ResultPoint::distance(topLeft, topRight) / moduleWidth);
+  int bottomRowDimension =
+      MathUtils::round(ResultPoint::distance(bottomLeft, bottomRight) / moduleWidth);
+  return ((((topRowDimension + bottomRowDimension) >> 1) + 8) / 17) * 17;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Computes the y dimension (number of modules in a column) of the PDF417 Code
+ * based on vertices of the codeword area and estimated module size.
+ *
+ * @param topLeft     of codeword area
+ * @param topRight    of codeword area
+ * @param bottomLeft  of codeword area
+ * @param bottomRight of codeword are
+ * @param moduleWidth estimated module size
+ * @return the number of modules in a row.
+ */
+int Detector::computeYDimension(Ref<ResultPoint> const& topLeft,
+                                Ref<ResultPoint> const& topRight,
+                                Ref<ResultPoint> const& bottomLeft,
+                                Ref<ResultPoint> const& bottomRight,
+                                float moduleWidth)
+{
+  int leftColumnDimension =
+      MathUtils::round(ResultPoint::distance(topLeft, bottomLeft) / moduleWidth);
+  int rightColumnDimension =
+      MathUtils::round(ResultPoint::distance(topRight, bottomRight) / moduleWidth);
+  return (leftColumnDimension + rightColumnDimension) >> 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Deskew and over-sample image.
+ *
+ * @param vertices vertices from findVertices()
+ * @param dimension x dimension
+ * @param yDimension y dimension
+ * @return an over-sampled BitMatrix.
+ */
+Ref<BitMatrix> Detector::sampleLines(ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > const& vertices,
+                                     int dimensionY,
+                                     int dimension) {
+  const int sampleDimensionX = dimension * 8;
+  const int sampleDimensionY = dimensionY * 4;
+  Ref<PerspectiveTransform> transform(
+      PerspectiveTransform::quadrilateralToQuadrilateral(
+          0.0f, 0.0f,
+          (float)sampleDimensionX, 0.0f,
+          0.0f, (float)sampleDimensionY,
+          (float)sampleDimensionX, (float)sampleDimensionY,
+          vertices[12]->getX(), vertices[12]->getY(),
+          vertices[14]->getX(), vertices[14]->getY(),
+          vertices[13]->getX(), vertices[13]->getY(),
+          vertices[15]->getX(), vertices[15]->getY()));
+
+  Ref<BitMatrix> linesMatrix = GridSampler::getInstance().sampleGrid(
+      image_->getBlackMatrix(), sampleDimensionX, sampleDimensionY, transform);
+
+
+  return linesMatrix;
+}