zig_example 0.3.2 → 0.3.3.1

data/ext/openssl/ossl_pkey.c

@@ -1,1624 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * 'OpenSSL for Ruby' project
- * Copyright (C) 2001-2002  Michal Rokos <m.rokos@sh.cvut.cz>
- * All rights reserved.
- */
-/*
- * This program is licensed under the same licence as Ruby.
- * (See the file 'LICENCE'.)
- */
-#include "ossl.h"
-
-#ifdef OSSL_USE_ENGINE
-# include <openssl/engine.h>
-#endif
-
-/*
- * Classes
- */
-VALUE mPKey;
-VALUE cPKey;
-VALUE ePKeyError;
-static ID id_private_q;
-
-static void
-ossl_evp_pkey_free(void *ptr)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY_free(ptr);
-}
-
-/*
- * Public
- */
-const rb_data_type_t ossl_evp_pkey_type = {
-    "OpenSSL/EVP_PKEY",
-    {
-	0, ossl_evp_pkey_free,
-    },
-    0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY,
-};
-
-static VALUE
-pkey_new0(VALUE arg)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey = (EVP_PKEY *)arg;
-    VALUE klass, obj;
-
-    switch (EVP_PKEY_base_id(pkey)) {
-#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
-      case EVP_PKEY_RSA: klass = cRSA; break;
-#endif
-#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_DSA)
-      case EVP_PKEY_DSA: klass = cDSA; break;
-#endif
-#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_DH)
-      case EVP_PKEY_DH:  klass = cDH; break;
-#endif
-#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_EC)
-      case EVP_PKEY_EC:  klass = cEC; break;
-#endif
-      default:           klass = cPKey; break;
-    }
-    obj = rb_obj_alloc(klass);
-    RTYPEDDATA_DATA(obj) = pkey;
-    return obj;
-}
-
-VALUE
-ossl_pkey_new(EVP_PKEY *pkey)
-{
-    VALUE obj;
-    int status;
-
-    obj = rb_protect(pkey_new0, (VALUE)pkey, &status);
-    if (status) {
-	EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
-	rb_jump_tag(status);
-    }
-
-    return obj;
-}
-
-#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(3, 0, 0)
-# include <openssl/decoder.h>
-
-EVP_PKEY *
-ossl_pkey_read_generic(BIO *bio, VALUE pass)
-{
-    void *ppass = (void *)pass;
-    OSSL_DECODER_CTX *dctx;
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;
-    int pos = 0, pos2;
-
-    dctx = OSSL_DECODER_CTX_new_for_pkey(&pkey, "DER", NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
-    if (!dctx)
-        goto out;
-    if (OSSL_DECODER_CTX_set_pem_password_cb(dctx, ossl_pem_passwd_cb, ppass) != 1)
-        goto out;
-
-    /* First check DER */
-    if (OSSL_DECODER_from_bio(dctx, bio) == 1)
-        goto out;
-    OSSL_BIO_reset(bio);
-
-    /* Then check PEM; multiple OSSL_DECODER_from_bio() calls may be needed */
-    if (OSSL_DECODER_CTX_set_input_type(dctx, "PEM") != 1)
-        goto out;
-    /*
-     * First check for private key formats. This is to keep compatibility with
-     * ruby/openssl < 3.0 which decoded the following as a private key.
-     *
-     *     $ openssl ecparam -name prime256v1 -genkey -outform PEM
-     *     -----BEGIN EC PARAMETERS-----
-     *     BggqhkjOPQMBBw==
-     *     -----END EC PARAMETERS-----
-     *     -----BEGIN EC PRIVATE KEY-----
-     *     MHcCAQEEIAG8ugBbA5MHkqnZ9ujQF93OyUfL9tk8sxqM5Wv5tKg5oAoGCCqGSM49
-     *     AwEHoUQDQgAEVcjhJfkwqh5C7kGuhAf8XaAjVuG5ADwb5ayg/cJijCgs+GcXeedj
-     *     86avKpGH84DXUlB23C/kPt+6fXYlitUmXQ==
-     *     -----END EC PRIVATE KEY-----
-     *
-     * While the first PEM block is a proper encoding of ECParameters, thus
-     * OSSL_DECODER_from_bio() would pick it up, ruby/openssl used to return
-     * the latter instead. Existing applications expect this behavior.
-     *
-     * Note that normally, the input is supposed to contain a single decodable
-     * PEM block only, so this special handling should not create a new problem.
-     */
-    OSSL_DECODER_CTX_set_selection(dctx, EVP_PKEY_KEYPAIR);
-    while (1) {
-        if (OSSL_DECODER_from_bio(dctx, bio) == 1)
-            goto out;
-        if (BIO_eof(bio))
-            break;
-        pos2 = BIO_tell(bio);
-        if (pos2 < 0 || pos2 <= pos)
-            break;
-        ossl_clear_error();
-        pos = pos2;
-    }
-
-    OSSL_BIO_reset(bio);
-    OSSL_DECODER_CTX_set_selection(dctx, 0);
-    while (1) {
-        if (OSSL_DECODER_from_bio(dctx, bio) == 1)
-            goto out;
-        if (BIO_eof(bio))
-            break;
-        pos2 = BIO_tell(bio);
-        if (pos2 < 0 || pos2 <= pos)
-            break;
-        ossl_clear_error();
-        pos = pos2;
-    }
-
-  out:
-    OSSL_DECODER_CTX_free(dctx);
-    return pkey;
-}
-#else
-EVP_PKEY *
-ossl_pkey_read_generic(BIO *bio, VALUE pass)
-{
-    void *ppass = (void *)pass;
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-
-    if ((pkey = d2i_PrivateKey_bio(bio, NULL)))
-	goto out;
-    OSSL_BIO_reset(bio);
-    if ((pkey = d2i_PKCS8PrivateKey_bio(bio, NULL, ossl_pem_passwd_cb, ppass)))
-	goto out;
-    OSSL_BIO_reset(bio);
-    if ((pkey = d2i_PUBKEY_bio(bio, NULL)))
-	goto out;
-    OSSL_BIO_reset(bio);
-    /* PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey() also parses PKCS #8 formats */
-    if ((pkey = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(bio, NULL, ossl_pem_passwd_cb, ppass)))
-	goto out;
-    OSSL_BIO_reset(bio);
-    if ((pkey = PEM_read_bio_PUBKEY(bio, NULL, NULL, NULL)))
-	goto out;
-    OSSL_BIO_reset(bio);
-    if ((pkey = PEM_read_bio_Parameters(bio, NULL)))
-	goto out;
-
-  out:
-    return pkey;
-}
-#endif
-
-/*
- *  call-seq:
- *     OpenSSL::PKey.read(string [, pwd ]) -> PKey
- *     OpenSSL::PKey.read(io [, pwd ]) -> PKey
- *
- * Reads a DER or PEM encoded string from _string_ or _io_ and returns an
- * instance of the appropriate PKey class.
- *
- * === Parameters
- * * _string_ is a DER- or PEM-encoded string containing an arbitrary private
- *   or public key.
- * * _io_ is an instance of IO containing a DER- or PEM-encoded
- *   arbitrary private or public key.
- * * _pwd_ is an optional password in case _string_ or _io_ is an encrypted
- *   PEM resource.
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_new_from_data(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    BIO *bio;
-    VALUE data, pass;
-
-    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &data, &pass);
-    bio = ossl_obj2bio(&data);
-    pkey = ossl_pkey_read_generic(bio, ossl_pem_passwd_value(pass));
-    BIO_free(bio);
-    if (!pkey)
-	ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "Could not parse PKey");
-    return ossl_pkey_new(pkey);
-}
-
-static VALUE
-pkey_ctx_apply_options_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(i, ctx_v))
-{
-    VALUE key = rb_ary_entry(i, 0), value = rb_ary_entry(i, 1);
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx = (EVP_PKEY_CTX *)ctx_v;
-
-    if (SYMBOL_P(key))
-        key = rb_sym2str(key);
-    value = rb_String(value);
-
-    if (EVP_PKEY_CTX_ctrl_str(ctx, StringValueCStr(key), StringValueCStr(value)) <= 0)
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_ctrl_str(ctx, %+"PRIsVALUE", %+"PRIsVALUE")",
-                   key, value);
-    return Qnil;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-pkey_ctx_apply_options0(VALUE args_v)
-{
-    VALUE *args = (VALUE *)args_v;
-    Check_Type(args[1], T_HASH);
-
-    rb_block_call(args[1], rb_intern("each"), 0, NULL,
-                  pkey_ctx_apply_options_i, args[0]);
-    return Qnil;
-}
-
-static void
-pkey_ctx_apply_options(EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx, VALUE options, int *state)
-{
-    VALUE args[2];
-    args[0] = (VALUE)ctx;
-    args[1] = options;
-
-    rb_protect(pkey_ctx_apply_options0, (VALUE)args, state);
-}
-
-struct pkey_blocking_generate_arg {
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx;
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    int state;
-    int yield: 1;
-    int genparam: 1;
-    int interrupted: 1;
-};
-
-static VALUE
-pkey_gen_cb_yield(VALUE ctx_v)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx = (void *)ctx_v;
-    int i, info_num;
-    VALUE *argv;
-
-    info_num = EVP_PKEY_CTX_get_keygen_info(ctx, -1);
-    argv = ALLOCA_N(VALUE, info_num);
-    for (i = 0; i < info_num; i++)
-        argv[i] = INT2NUM(EVP_PKEY_CTX_get_keygen_info(ctx, i));
-
-    return rb_yield_values2(info_num, argv);
-}
-
-static VALUE
-call_check_ints0(VALUE arg)
-{
-    rb_thread_check_ints();
-    return Qnil;
-}
-
-static void *
-call_check_ints(void *arg)
-{
-    int state;
-    rb_protect(call_check_ints0, Qnil, &state);
-    return (void *)(VALUE)state;
-}
-
-static int
-pkey_gen_cb(EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx)
-{
-    struct pkey_blocking_generate_arg *arg = EVP_PKEY_CTX_get_app_data(ctx);
-    int state;
-
-    if (arg->yield) {
-        rb_protect(pkey_gen_cb_yield, (VALUE)ctx, &state);
-        if (state) {
-            arg->state = state;
-            return 0;
-        }
-    }
-    if (arg->interrupted) {
-        arg->interrupted = 0;
-        state = (int)(VALUE)rb_thread_call_with_gvl(call_check_ints, NULL);
-        if (state) {
-            arg->state = state;
-            return 0;
-        }
-    }
-    return 1;
-}
-
-static void
-pkey_blocking_gen_stop(void *ptr)
-{
-    struct pkey_blocking_generate_arg *arg = ptr;
-    arg->interrupted = 1;
-}
-
-static void *
-pkey_blocking_gen(void *ptr)
-{
-    struct pkey_blocking_generate_arg *arg = ptr;
-
-    if (arg->genparam && EVP_PKEY_paramgen(arg->ctx, &arg->pkey) <= 0)
-        return NULL;
-    if (!arg->genparam && EVP_PKEY_keygen(arg->ctx, &arg->pkey) <= 0)
-        return NULL;
-    return arg->pkey;
-}
-
-static VALUE
-pkey_generate(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self, int genparam)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx;
-    VALUE alg, options;
-    struct pkey_blocking_generate_arg gen_arg = { 0 };
-    int state;
-
-    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &alg, &options);
-    if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(alg, cPKey)) {
-        EVP_PKEY *base_pkey;
-
-        GetPKey(alg, base_pkey);
-        ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(base_pkey, NULL/* engine */);
-        if (!ctx)
-            ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_new");
-    }
-    else {
-#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(3, 0, 0)
-        ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_from_name(NULL, StringValueCStr(alg), NULL);
-        if (!ctx)
-            ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_from_name");
-#else
-        const EVP_PKEY_ASN1_METHOD *ameth;
-        ENGINE *tmpeng;
-        int pkey_id;
-
-        StringValue(alg);
-        ameth = EVP_PKEY_asn1_find_str(&tmpeng, RSTRING_PTR(alg),
-                                       RSTRING_LENINT(alg));
-        if (!ameth)
-            ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "algorithm %"PRIsVALUE" not found", alg);
-        EVP_PKEY_asn1_get0_info(&pkey_id, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, ameth);
-#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE)
-        if (tmpeng)
-            ENGINE_finish(tmpeng);
-#endif
-
-        ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(pkey_id, NULL/* engine */);
-        if (!ctx)
-            ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id");
-#endif
-    }
-
-    if (genparam && EVP_PKEY_paramgen_init(ctx) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_paramgen_init");
-    }
-    if (!genparam && EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(ctx) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_keygen_init");
-    }
-
-    if (!NIL_P(options)) {
-        pkey_ctx_apply_options(ctx, options, &state);
-        if (state) {
-            EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-            rb_jump_tag(state);
-        }
-    }
-
-    gen_arg.genparam = genparam;
-    gen_arg.ctx = ctx;
-    gen_arg.yield = rb_block_given_p();
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_app_data(ctx, &gen_arg);
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_cb(ctx, pkey_gen_cb);
-    if (gen_arg.yield)
-        pkey_blocking_gen(&gen_arg);
-    else
-        rb_thread_call_without_gvl(pkey_blocking_gen, &gen_arg,
-                                   pkey_blocking_gen_stop, &gen_arg);
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-    if (!gen_arg.pkey) {
-        if (gen_arg.state) {
-            ossl_clear_error();
-            rb_jump_tag(gen_arg.state);
-        }
-        else {
-            ossl_raise(ePKeyError, genparam ? "EVP_PKEY_paramgen" : "EVP_PKEY_keygen");
-        }
-    }
-
-    return ossl_pkey_new(gen_arg.pkey);
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    OpenSSL::PKey.generate_parameters(algo_name [, options]) -> pkey
- *
- * Generates new parameters for the algorithm. _algo_name_ is a String that
- * represents the algorithm. The optional argument _options_ is a Hash that
- * specifies the options specific to the algorithm. The order of the options
- * can be important.
- *
- * A block can be passed optionally. The meaning of the arguments passed to
- * the block varies depending on the implementation of the algorithm. The block
- * may be called once or multiple times, or may not even be called.
- *
- * For the supported options, see the documentation for the 'openssl genpkey'
- * utility command.
- *
- * == Example
- *   pkey = OpenSSL::PKey.generate_parameters("DSA", "dsa_paramgen_bits" => 2048)
- *   p pkey.p.num_bits #=> 2048
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_s_generate_parameters(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    return pkey_generate(argc, argv, self, 1);
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    OpenSSL::PKey.generate_key(algo_name [, options]) -> pkey
- *    OpenSSL::PKey.generate_key(pkey [, options]) -> pkey
- *
- * Generates a new key (pair).
- *
- * If a String is given as the first argument, it generates a new random key
- * for the algorithm specified by the name just as ::generate_parameters does.
- * If an OpenSSL::PKey::PKey is given instead, it generates a new random key
- * for the same algorithm as the key, using the parameters the key contains.
- *
- * See ::generate_parameters for the details of _options_ and the given block.
- *
- * == Example
- *   pkey_params = OpenSSL::PKey.generate_parameters("DSA", "dsa_paramgen_bits" => 2048)
- *   pkey_params.priv_key #=> nil
- *   pkey = OpenSSL::PKey.generate_key(pkey_params)
- *   pkey.priv_key #=> #<OpenSSL::BN 6277...
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_s_generate_key(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    return pkey_generate(argc, argv, self, 0);
-}
-
-/*
- * TODO: There is no convenient way to check the presence of public key
- * components on OpenSSL 3.0. But since keys are immutable on 3.0, pkeys without
- * these should only be created by OpenSSL::PKey.generate_parameters or by
- * parsing DER-/PEM-encoded string. We would need another flag for that.
- */
-void
-ossl_pkey_check_public_key(const EVP_PKEY *pkey)
-{
-#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(3, 0, 0)
-    if (EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(pkey))
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "parameters missing");
-#else
-    void *ptr;
-    const BIGNUM *n, *e, *pubkey;
-
-    if (EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(pkey))
-	ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "parameters missing");
-
-    /* OpenSSL < 1.1.0 takes non-const pointer */
-    ptr = EVP_PKEY_get0((EVP_PKEY *)pkey);
-    switch (EVP_PKEY_base_id(pkey)) {
-      case EVP_PKEY_RSA:
-	RSA_get0_key(ptr, &n, &e, NULL);
-	if (n && e)
-	    return;
-	break;
-      case EVP_PKEY_DSA:
-	DSA_get0_key(ptr, &pubkey, NULL);
-	if (pubkey)
-	    return;
-	break;
-      case EVP_PKEY_DH:
-	DH_get0_key(ptr, &pubkey, NULL);
-	if (pubkey)
-	    return;
-	break;
-#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_EC)
-      case EVP_PKEY_EC:
-	if (EC_KEY_get0_public_key(ptr))
-	    return;
-	break;
-#endif
-      default:
-	/* unsupported type; assuming ok */
-	return;
-    }
-    ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "public key missing");
-#endif
-}
-
-EVP_PKEY *
-GetPKeyPtr(VALUE obj)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-
-    GetPKey(obj, pkey);
-
-    return pkey;
-}
-
-EVP_PKEY *
-GetPrivPKeyPtr(VALUE obj)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-
-    GetPKey(obj, pkey);
-    if (OSSL_PKEY_IS_PRIVATE(obj))
-        return pkey;
-    /*
-     * The EVP API does not provide a way to check if the EVP_PKEY has private
-     * components. Assuming it does...
-     */
-    if (!rb_respond_to(obj, id_private_q))
-        return pkey;
-    if (RTEST(rb_funcallv(obj, id_private_q, 0, NULL)))
-        return pkey;
-
-    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "private key is needed");
-}
-
-EVP_PKEY *
-DupPKeyPtr(VALUE obj)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-
-    GetPKey(obj, pkey);
-    EVP_PKEY_up_ref(pkey);
-
-    return pkey;
-}
-
-/*
- * Private
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_alloc(VALUE klass)
-{
-    return TypedData_Wrap_Struct(klass, &ossl_evp_pkey_type, NULL);
-}
-
-/*
- *  call-seq:
- *      PKeyClass.new -> self
- *
- * Because PKey is an abstract class, actually calling this method explicitly
- * will raise a NotImplementedError.
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_initialize(VALUE self)
-{
-    if (rb_obj_is_instance_of(self, cPKey)) {
-	ossl_raise(rb_eTypeError, "OpenSSL::PKey::PKey can't be instantiated directly");
-    }
-    return self;
-}
-
-#ifdef HAVE_EVP_PKEY_DUP
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_initialize_copy(VALUE self, VALUE other)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey, *pkey_other;
-
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, EVP_PKEY, &ossl_evp_pkey_type, pkey);
-    TypedData_Get_Struct(other, EVP_PKEY, &ossl_evp_pkey_type, pkey_other);
-    if (pkey)
-        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "pkey already initialized");
-    if (pkey_other) {
-        pkey = EVP_PKEY_dup(pkey_other);
-        if (!pkey)
-            ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_dup");
-        RTYPEDDATA_DATA(self) = pkey;
-    }
-    return self;
-}
-#endif
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.oid -> string
- *
- * Returns the short name of the OID associated with _pkey_.
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_oid(VALUE self)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    int nid;
-
-    GetPKey(self, pkey);
-    nid = EVP_PKEY_id(pkey);
-    return rb_str_new_cstr(OBJ_nid2sn(nid));
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.inspect -> string
- *
- * Returns a string describing the PKey object.
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_inspect(VALUE self)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    int nid;
-
-    GetPKey(self, pkey);
-    nid = EVP_PKEY_id(pkey);
-    return rb_sprintf("#<%"PRIsVALUE":%p oid=%s>",
-                      rb_class_name(CLASS_OF(self)), (void *)self,
-                      OBJ_nid2sn(nid));
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.to_text -> string
- *
- * Dumps key parameters, public key, and private key components contained in
- * the key into a human-readable text.
- *
- * This is intended for debugging purpose.
- *
- * See also the man page EVP_PKEY_print_private(3).
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_to_text(VALUE self)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    BIO *bio;
-
-    GetPKey(self, pkey);
-    if (!(bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem())))
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "BIO_new");
-
-    if (EVP_PKEY_print_private(bio, pkey, 0, NULL) == 1)
-        goto out;
-    OSSL_BIO_reset(bio);
-    if (EVP_PKEY_print_public(bio, pkey, 0, NULL) == 1)
-        goto out;
-    OSSL_BIO_reset(bio);
-    if (EVP_PKEY_print_params(bio, pkey, 0, NULL) == 1)
-        goto out;
-
-    BIO_free(bio);
-    ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_print_params");
-
-  out:
-    return ossl_membio2str(bio);
-}
-
-VALUE
-ossl_pkey_export_traditional(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self, int to_der)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    VALUE cipher, pass;
-    const EVP_CIPHER *enc = NULL;
-    BIO *bio;
-
-    GetPKey(self, pkey);
-    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02", &cipher, &pass);
-    if (!NIL_P(cipher)) {
-	enc = ossl_evp_get_cipherbyname(cipher);
-	pass = ossl_pem_passwd_value(pass);
-    }
-
-    bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
-    if (!bio)
-	ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "BIO_new");
-    if (to_der) {
-	if (!i2d_PrivateKey_bio(bio, pkey)) {
-	    BIO_free(bio);
-	    ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "i2d_PrivateKey_bio");
-	}
-    }
-    else {
-#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(1, 1, 0) || OSSL_LIBRESSL_PREREQ(3, 5, 0)
-	if (!PEM_write_bio_PrivateKey_traditional(bio, pkey, enc, NULL, 0,
-						  ossl_pem_passwd_cb,
-						  (void *)pass)) {
-#else
-	char pem_str[80];
-	const char *aname;
-
-	EVP_PKEY_asn1_get0_info(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, &aname, pkey->ameth);
-	snprintf(pem_str, sizeof(pem_str), "%s PRIVATE KEY", aname);
-	if (!PEM_ASN1_write_bio((i2d_of_void *)i2d_PrivateKey, pem_str, bio,
-				pkey, enc, NULL, 0, ossl_pem_passwd_cb,
-				(void *)pass)) {
-#endif
-	    BIO_free(bio);
-	    ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "PEM_write_bio_PrivateKey_traditional");
-	}
-    }
-    return ossl_membio2str(bio);
-}
-
-static VALUE
-do_pkcs8_export(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self, int to_der)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    VALUE cipher, pass;
-    const EVP_CIPHER *enc = NULL;
-    BIO *bio;
-
-    GetPKey(self, pkey);
-    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02", &cipher, &pass);
-    if (argc > 0) {
-	/*
-	 * TODO: EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo actually has more options.
-	 * Should they be exposed?
-	 */
-	enc = ossl_evp_get_cipherbyname(cipher);
-	pass = ossl_pem_passwd_value(pass);
-    }
-
-    bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
-    if (!bio)
-	ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "BIO_new");
-    if (to_der) {
-	if (!i2d_PKCS8PrivateKey_bio(bio, pkey, enc, NULL, 0,
-				     ossl_pem_passwd_cb, (void *)pass)) {
-	    BIO_free(bio);
-	    ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "i2d_PKCS8PrivateKey_bio");
-	}
-    }
-    else {
-	if (!PEM_write_bio_PKCS8PrivateKey(bio, pkey, enc, NULL, 0,
-					   ossl_pem_passwd_cb, (void *)pass)) {
-	    BIO_free(bio);
-	    ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "PEM_write_bio_PKCS8PrivateKey");
-	}
-    }
-    return ossl_membio2str(bio);
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.private_to_der                   -> string
- *    pkey.private_to_der(cipher, password) -> string
- *
- * Serializes the private key to DER-encoded PKCS #8 format. If called without
- * arguments, unencrypted PKCS #8 PrivateKeyInfo format is used. If called with
- * a cipher name and a password, PKCS #8 EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo format with
- * PBES2 encryption scheme is used.
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_private_to_der(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    return do_pkcs8_export(argc, argv, self, 1);
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.private_to_pem                   -> string
- *    pkey.private_to_pem(cipher, password) -> string
- *
- * Serializes the private key to PEM-encoded PKCS #8 format. See #private_to_der
- * for more details.
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_private_to_pem(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    return do_pkcs8_export(argc, argv, self, 0);
-}
-
-VALUE
-ossl_pkey_export_spki(VALUE self, int to_der)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    BIO *bio;
-
-    GetPKey(self, pkey);
-    bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
-    if (!bio)
-	ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "BIO_new");
-    if (to_der) {
-	if (!i2d_PUBKEY_bio(bio, pkey)) {
-	    BIO_free(bio);
-	    ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "i2d_PUBKEY_bio");
-	}
-    }
-    else {
-	if (!PEM_write_bio_PUBKEY(bio, pkey)) {
-	    BIO_free(bio);
-	    ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "PEM_write_bio_PUBKEY");
-	}
-    }
-    return ossl_membio2str(bio);
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.public_to_der -> string
- *
- * Serializes the public key to DER-encoded X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo format.
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_public_to_der(VALUE self)
-{
-    return ossl_pkey_export_spki(self, 1);
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.public_to_pem -> string
- *
- * Serializes the public key to PEM-encoded X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo format.
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_public_to_pem(VALUE self)
-{
-    return ossl_pkey_export_spki(self, 0);
-}
-
-/*
- *  call-seq:
- *      pkey.compare?(another_pkey) -> true | false
- *
- * Used primarily to check if an OpenSSL::X509::Certificate#public_key compares to its private key.
- *
- * == Example
- *   x509 = OpenSSL::X509::Certificate.new(pem_encoded_certificate)
- *   rsa_key = OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new(pem_encoded_private_key)
- *
- *   rsa_key.compare?(x509.public_key) => true | false
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_compare(VALUE self, VALUE other)
-{
-    int ret;
-    EVP_PKEY *selfPKey;
-    EVP_PKEY *otherPKey;
-
-    GetPKey(self, selfPKey);
-    GetPKey(other, otherPKey);
-
-    /* Explicitly check the key type given EVP_PKEY_ASN1_METHOD(3)
-     * docs param_cmp could return any negative number.
-     */
-    if (EVP_PKEY_id(selfPKey) != EVP_PKEY_id(otherPKey))
-        ossl_raise(rb_eTypeError, "cannot match different PKey types");
-
-    ret = EVP_PKEY_eq(selfPKey, otherPKey);
-
-    if (ret == 0)
-        return Qfalse;
-    else if (ret == 1)
-        return Qtrue;
-    else
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_eq");
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.sign(digest, data [, options]) -> string
- *
- * Hashes and signs the +data+ using a message digest algorithm +digest+ and
- * a private key +pkey+.
- *
- * See #verify for the verification operation.
- *
- * See also the man page EVP_DigestSign(3).
- *
- * +digest+::
- *   A String that represents the message digest algorithm name, or +nil+
- *   if the PKey type requires no digest algorithm.
- *   For backwards compatibility, this can be an instance of OpenSSL::Digest.
- *   Its state will not affect the signature.
- * +data+::
- *   A String. The data to be hashed and signed.
- * +options+::
- *   A Hash that contains algorithm specific control operations to \OpenSSL.
- *   See OpenSSL's man page EVP_PKEY_CTX_ctrl_str(3) for details.
- *   +options+ parameter was added in version 3.0.
- *
- * Example:
- *   data = "Sign me!"
- *   pkey = OpenSSL::PKey.generate_key("RSA", rsa_keygen_bits: 2048)
- *   signopts = { rsa_padding_mode: "pss" }
- *   signature = pkey.sign("SHA256", data, signopts)
- *
- *   # Creates a copy of the RSA key pkey, but without the private components
- *   pub_key = pkey.public_key
- *   puts pub_key.verify("SHA256", signature, data, signopts) # => true
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_sign(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    VALUE digest, data, options, sig;
-    const EVP_MD *md = NULL;
-    EVP_MD_CTX *ctx;
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX *pctx;
-    size_t siglen;
-    int state;
-
-    pkey = GetPrivPKeyPtr(self);
-    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "21", &digest, &data, &options);
-    if (!NIL_P(digest))
-        md = ossl_evp_get_digestbyname(digest);
-    StringValue(data);
-
-    ctx = EVP_MD_CTX_new();
-    if (!ctx)
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_MD_CTX_new");
-    if (EVP_DigestSignInit(ctx, &pctx, md, /* engine */NULL, pkey) < 1) {
-        EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_DigestSignInit");
-    }
-    if (!NIL_P(options)) {
-        pkey_ctx_apply_options(pctx, options, &state);
-        if (state) {
-            EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-            rb_jump_tag(state);
-        }
-    }
-#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(1, 1, 1) || OSSL_LIBRESSL_PREREQ(3, 4, 0)
-    if (EVP_DigestSign(ctx, NULL, &siglen, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(data),
-                       RSTRING_LEN(data)) < 1) {
-        EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_DigestSign");
-    }
-    if (siglen > LONG_MAX) {
-        EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-        rb_raise(ePKeyError, "signature would be too large");
-    }
-    sig = ossl_str_new(NULL, (long)siglen, &state);
-    if (state) {
-        EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-        rb_jump_tag(state);
-    }
-    if (EVP_DigestSign(ctx, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(sig), &siglen,
-                       (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(data),
-                       RSTRING_LEN(data)) < 1) {
-        EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_DigestSign");
-    }
-#else
-    if (EVP_DigestSignUpdate(ctx, RSTRING_PTR(data), RSTRING_LEN(data)) < 1) {
-        EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_DigestSignUpdate");
-    }
-    if (EVP_DigestSignFinal(ctx, NULL, &siglen) < 1) {
-        EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_DigestSignFinal");
-    }
-    if (siglen > LONG_MAX) {
-        EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-        rb_raise(ePKeyError, "signature would be too large");
-    }
-    sig = ossl_str_new(NULL, (long)siglen, &state);
-    if (state) {
-        EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-        rb_jump_tag(state);
-    }
-    if (EVP_DigestSignFinal(ctx, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(sig),
-                            &siglen) < 1) {
-        EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_DigestSignFinal");
-    }
-#endif
-    EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-    rb_str_set_len(sig, siglen);
-    return sig;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.verify(digest, signature, data [, options]) -> true or false
- *
- * Verifies the +signature+ for the +data+ using a message digest algorithm
- * +digest+ and a public key +pkey+.
- *
- * Returns +true+ if the signature is successfully verified, +false+ otherwise.
- * The caller must check the return value.
- *
- * See #sign for the signing operation and an example.
- *
- * See also the man page EVP_DigestVerify(3).
- *
- * +digest+::
- *   See #sign.
- * +signature+::
- *   A String containing the signature to be verified.
- * +data+::
- *   See #sign.
- * +options+::
- *   See #sign. +options+ parameter was added in version 3.0.
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_verify(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    VALUE digest, sig, data, options;
-    const EVP_MD *md = NULL;
-    EVP_MD_CTX *ctx;
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX *pctx;
-    int state, ret;
-
-    GetPKey(self, pkey);
-    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "31", &digest, &sig, &data, &options);
-    ossl_pkey_check_public_key(pkey);
-    if (!NIL_P(digest))
-        md = ossl_evp_get_digestbyname(digest);
-    StringValue(sig);
-    StringValue(data);
-
-    ctx = EVP_MD_CTX_new();
-    if (!ctx)
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_MD_CTX_new");
-    if (EVP_DigestVerifyInit(ctx, &pctx, md, /* engine */NULL, pkey) < 1) {
-        EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_DigestVerifyInit");
-    }
-    if (!NIL_P(options)) {
-        pkey_ctx_apply_options(pctx, options, &state);
-        if (state) {
-            EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-            rb_jump_tag(state);
-        }
-    }
-#if OSSL_OPENSSL_PREREQ(1, 1, 1) || OSSL_LIBRESSL_PREREQ(3, 4, 0)
-    ret = EVP_DigestVerify(ctx, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(sig),
-                           RSTRING_LEN(sig), (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(data),
-                           RSTRING_LEN(data));
-    EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-    if (ret < 0)
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_DigestVerify");
-#else
-    if (EVP_DigestVerifyUpdate(ctx, RSTRING_PTR(data), RSTRING_LEN(data)) < 1) {
-        EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_DigestVerifyUpdate");
-    }
-    ret = EVP_DigestVerifyFinal(ctx, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(sig),
-                                RSTRING_LEN(sig));
-    EVP_MD_CTX_free(ctx);
-    if (ret < 0)
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_DigestVerifyFinal");
-#endif
-    if (ret)
-        return Qtrue;
-    else {
-        ossl_clear_error();
-        return Qfalse;
-    }
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.sign_raw(digest, data [, options]) -> string
- *
- * Signs +data+ using a private key +pkey+. Unlike #sign, +data+ will not be
- * hashed by +digest+ automatically.
- *
- * See #verify_raw for the verification operation.
- *
- * Added in version 3.0. See also the man page EVP_PKEY_sign(3).
- *
- * +digest+::
- *   A String that represents the message digest algorithm name, or +nil+
- *   if the PKey type requires no digest algorithm.
- *   Although this method will not hash +data+ with it, this parameter may still
- *   be required depending on the signature algorithm.
- * +data+::
- *   A String. The data to be signed.
- * +options+::
- *   A Hash that contains algorithm specific control operations to \OpenSSL.
- *   See OpenSSL's man page EVP_PKEY_CTX_ctrl_str(3) for details.
- *
- * Example:
- *   data = "Sign me!"
- *   hash = OpenSSL::Digest.digest("SHA256", data)
- *   pkey = OpenSSL::PKey.generate_key("RSA", rsa_keygen_bits: 2048)
- *   signopts = { rsa_padding_mode: "pss" }
- *   signature = pkey.sign_raw("SHA256", hash, signopts)
- *
- *   # Creates a copy of the RSA key pkey, but without the private components
- *   pub_key = pkey.public_key
- *   puts pub_key.verify_raw("SHA256", signature, hash, signopts) # => true
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_sign_raw(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    VALUE digest, data, options, sig;
-    const EVP_MD *md = NULL;
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx;
-    size_t outlen;
-    int state;
-
-    GetPKey(self, pkey);
-    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "21", &digest, &data, &options);
-    if (!NIL_P(digest))
-        md = ossl_evp_get_digestbyname(digest);
-    StringValue(data);
-
-    ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(pkey, /* engine */NULL);
-    if (!ctx)
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_new");
-    if (EVP_PKEY_sign_init(ctx) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_sign_init");
-    }
-    if (md && EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_signature_md(ctx, md) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_signature_md");
-    }
-    if (!NIL_P(options)) {
-        pkey_ctx_apply_options(ctx, options, &state);
-        if (state) {
-            EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-            rb_jump_tag(state);
-        }
-    }
-    if (EVP_PKEY_sign(ctx, NULL, &outlen, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(data),
-                      RSTRING_LEN(data)) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_sign");
-    }
-    if (outlen > LONG_MAX) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        rb_raise(ePKeyError, "signature would be too large");
-    }
-    sig = ossl_str_new(NULL, (long)outlen, &state);
-    if (state) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        rb_jump_tag(state);
-    }
-    if (EVP_PKEY_sign(ctx, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(sig), &outlen,
-                      (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(data),
-                      RSTRING_LEN(data)) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_sign");
-    }
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-    rb_str_set_len(sig, outlen);
-    return sig;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.verify_raw(digest, signature, data [, options]) -> true or false
- *
- * Verifies the +signature+ for the +data+ using a public key +pkey+. Unlike
- * #verify, this method will not hash +data+ with +digest+ automatically.
- *
- * Returns +true+ if the signature is successfully verified, +false+ otherwise.
- * The caller must check the return value.
- *
- * See #sign_raw for the signing operation and an example code.
- *
- * Added in version 3.0. See also the man page EVP_PKEY_verify(3).
- *
- * +signature+::
- *   A String containing the signature to be verified.
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_verify_raw(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    VALUE digest, sig, data, options;
-    const EVP_MD *md = NULL;
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx;
-    int state, ret;
-
-    GetPKey(self, pkey);
-    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "31", &digest, &sig, &data, &options);
-    ossl_pkey_check_public_key(pkey);
-    if (!NIL_P(digest))
-        md = ossl_evp_get_digestbyname(digest);
-    StringValue(sig);
-    StringValue(data);
-
-    ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(pkey, /* engine */NULL);
-    if (!ctx)
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_new");
-    if (EVP_PKEY_verify_init(ctx) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_verify_init");
-    }
-    if (md && EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_signature_md(ctx, md) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_signature_md");
-    }
-    if (!NIL_P(options)) {
-        pkey_ctx_apply_options(ctx, options, &state);
-        if (state) {
-            EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-            rb_jump_tag(state);
-        }
-    }
-    ret = EVP_PKEY_verify(ctx, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(sig),
-                          RSTRING_LEN(sig),
-                          (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(data),
-                          RSTRING_LEN(data));
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-    if (ret < 0)
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_verify");
-
-    if (ret)
-        return Qtrue;
-    else {
-        ossl_clear_error();
-        return Qfalse;
-    }
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.verify_recover(digest, signature [, options]) -> string
- *
- * Recovers the signed data from +signature+ using a public key +pkey+. Not all
- * signature algorithms support this operation.
- *
- * Added in version 3.0. See also the man page EVP_PKEY_verify_recover(3).
- *
- * +signature+::
- *   A String containing the signature to be verified.
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_verify_recover(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    VALUE digest, sig, options, out;
-    const EVP_MD *md = NULL;
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx;
-    int state;
-    size_t outlen;
-
-    GetPKey(self, pkey);
-    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "21", &digest, &sig, &options);
-    ossl_pkey_check_public_key(pkey);
-    if (!NIL_P(digest))
-        md = ossl_evp_get_digestbyname(digest);
-    StringValue(sig);
-
-    ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(pkey, /* engine */NULL);
-    if (!ctx)
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_new");
-    if (EVP_PKEY_verify_recover_init(ctx) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_verify_recover_init");
-    }
-    if (md && EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_signature_md(ctx, md) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_signature_md");
-    }
-    if (!NIL_P(options)) {
-        pkey_ctx_apply_options(ctx, options, &state);
-        if (state) {
-            EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-            rb_jump_tag(state);
-        }
-    }
-    if (EVP_PKEY_verify_recover(ctx, NULL, &outlen,
-                                (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(sig),
-                                RSTRING_LEN(sig)) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_verify_recover");
-    }
-    out = ossl_str_new(NULL, (long)outlen, &state);
-    if (state) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        rb_jump_tag(state);
-    }
-    if (EVP_PKEY_verify_recover(ctx, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(out), &outlen,
-                                (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(sig),
-                                RSTRING_LEN(sig)) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_verify_recover");
-    }
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-    rb_str_set_len(out, outlen);
-    return out;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.derive(peer_pkey) -> string
- *
- * Derives a shared secret from _pkey_ and _peer_pkey_. _pkey_ must contain
- * the private components, _peer_pkey_ must contain the public components.
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_derive(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey, *peer_pkey;
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx;
-    VALUE peer_pkey_obj, str;
-    size_t keylen;
-    int state;
-
-    GetPKey(self, pkey);
-    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "1", &peer_pkey_obj);
-    GetPKey(peer_pkey_obj, peer_pkey);
-
-    ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(pkey, /* engine */NULL);
-    if (!ctx)
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_new");
-    if (EVP_PKEY_derive_init(ctx) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_derive_init");
-    }
-    if (EVP_PKEY_derive_set_peer(ctx, peer_pkey) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_derive_set_peer");
-    }
-    if (EVP_PKEY_derive(ctx, NULL, &keylen) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_derive");
-    }
-    if (keylen > LONG_MAX)
-        rb_raise(ePKeyError, "derived key would be too large");
-    str = ossl_str_new(NULL, (long)keylen, &state);
-    if (state) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        rb_jump_tag(state);
-    }
-    if (EVP_PKEY_derive(ctx, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(str), &keylen) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_derive");
-    }
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-    rb_str_set_len(str, keylen);
-    return str;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.encrypt(data [, options]) -> string
- *
- * Performs a public key encryption operation using +pkey+.
- *
- * See #decrypt for the reverse operation.
- *
- * Added in version 3.0. See also the man page EVP_PKEY_encrypt(3).
- *
- * +data+::
- *   A String to be encrypted.
- * +options+::
- *   A Hash that contains algorithm specific control operations to \OpenSSL.
- *   See OpenSSL's man page EVP_PKEY_CTX_ctrl_str(3) for details.
- *
- * Example:
- *   pkey = OpenSSL::PKey.generate_key("RSA", rsa_keygen_bits: 2048)
- *   data = "secret data"
- *   encrypted = pkey.encrypt(data, rsa_padding_mode: "oaep")
- *   decrypted = pkey.decrypt(data, rsa_padding_mode: "oaep")
- *   p decrypted #=> "secret data"
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_encrypt(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx;
-    VALUE data, options, str;
-    size_t outlen;
-    int state;
-
-    GetPKey(self, pkey);
-    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &data, &options);
-    StringValue(data);
-
-    ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(pkey, /* engine */NULL);
-    if (!ctx)
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_new");
-    if (EVP_PKEY_encrypt_init(ctx) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_encrypt_init");
-    }
-    if (!NIL_P(options)) {
-        pkey_ctx_apply_options(ctx, options, &state);
-        if (state) {
-            EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-            rb_jump_tag(state);
-        }
-    }
-    if (EVP_PKEY_encrypt(ctx, NULL, &outlen,
-                         (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(data),
-                         RSTRING_LEN(data)) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_encrypt");
-    }
-    if (outlen > LONG_MAX) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        rb_raise(ePKeyError, "encrypted data would be too large");
-    }
-    str = ossl_str_new(NULL, (long)outlen, &state);
-    if (state) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        rb_jump_tag(state);
-    }
-    if (EVP_PKEY_encrypt(ctx, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(str), &outlen,
-                         (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(data),
-                         RSTRING_LEN(data)) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_encrypt");
-    }
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-    rb_str_set_len(str, outlen);
-    return str;
-}
-
-/*
- * call-seq:
- *    pkey.decrypt(data [, options]) -> string
- *
- * Performs a public key decryption operation using +pkey+.
- *
- * See #encrypt for a description of the parameters and an example.
- *
- * Added in version 3.0. See also the man page EVP_PKEY_decrypt(3).
- */
-static VALUE
-ossl_pkey_decrypt(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
-{
-    EVP_PKEY *pkey;
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx;
-    VALUE data, options, str;
-    size_t outlen;
-    int state;
-
-    GetPKey(self, pkey);
-    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &data, &options);
-    StringValue(data);
-
-    ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(pkey, /* engine */NULL);
-    if (!ctx)
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_CTX_new");
-    if (EVP_PKEY_decrypt_init(ctx) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_decrypt_init");
-    }
-    if (!NIL_P(options)) {
-        pkey_ctx_apply_options(ctx, options, &state);
-        if (state) {
-            EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-            rb_jump_tag(state);
-        }
-    }
-    if (EVP_PKEY_decrypt(ctx, NULL, &outlen,
-                         (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(data),
-                         RSTRING_LEN(data)) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_decrypt");
-    }
-    if (outlen > LONG_MAX) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        rb_raise(ePKeyError, "decrypted data would be too large");
-    }
-    str = ossl_str_new(NULL, (long)outlen, &state);
-    if (state) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        rb_jump_tag(state);
-    }
-    if (EVP_PKEY_decrypt(ctx, (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(str), &outlen,
-                         (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(data),
-                         RSTRING_LEN(data)) <= 0) {
-        EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-        ossl_raise(ePKeyError, "EVP_PKEY_decrypt");
-    }
-    EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
-    rb_str_set_len(str, outlen);
-    return str;
-}
-
-/*
- * INIT
- */
-void
-Init_ossl_pkey(void)
-{
-#undef rb_intern
-#if 0
-    mOSSL = rb_define_module("OpenSSL");
-    eOSSLError = rb_define_class_under(mOSSL, "OpenSSLError", rb_eStandardError);
-#endif
-
-    /* Document-module: OpenSSL::PKey
-     *
-     * == Asymmetric Public Key Algorithms
-     *
-     * Asymmetric public key algorithms solve the problem of establishing and
-     * sharing secret keys to en-/decrypt messages. The key in such an
-     * algorithm consists of two parts: a public key that may be distributed
-     * to others and a private key that needs to remain secret.
-     *
-     * Messages encrypted with a public key can only be decrypted by
-     * recipients that are in possession of the associated private key.
-     * Since public key algorithms are considerably slower than symmetric
-     * key algorithms (cf. OpenSSL::Cipher) they are often used to establish
-     * a symmetric key shared between two parties that are in possession of
-     * each other's public key.
-     *
-     * Asymmetric algorithms offer a lot of nice features that are used in a
-     * lot of different areas. A very common application is the creation and
-     * validation of digital signatures. To sign a document, the signatory
-     * generally uses a message digest algorithm (cf. OpenSSL::Digest) to
-     * compute a digest of the document that is then encrypted (i.e. signed)
-     * using the private key. Anyone in possession of the public key may then
-     * verify the signature by computing the message digest of the original
-     * document on their own, decrypting the signature using the signatory's
-     * public key and comparing the result to the message digest they
-     * previously computed. The signature is valid if and only if the
-     * decrypted signature is equal to this message digest.
-     *
-     * The PKey module offers support for three popular public/private key
-     * algorithms:
-     * * RSA (OpenSSL::PKey::RSA)
-     * * DSA (OpenSSL::PKey::DSA)
-     * * Elliptic Curve Cryptography (OpenSSL::PKey::EC)
-     * Each of these implementations is in fact a sub-class of the abstract
-     * PKey class which offers the interface for supporting digital signatures
-     * in the form of PKey#sign and PKey#verify.
-     *
-     * == Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange
-     *
-     * Finally PKey also features OpenSSL::PKey::DH, an implementation of
-     * the Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol based on discrete logarithms
-     * in finite fields, the same basis that DSA is built on.
-     * The Diffie-Hellman protocol can be used to exchange (symmetric) keys
-     * over insecure channels without needing any prior joint knowledge
-     * between the participating parties. As the security of DH demands
-     * relatively long "public keys" (i.e. the part that is overtly
-     * transmitted between participants) DH tends to be quite slow. If
-     * security or speed is your primary concern, OpenSSL::PKey::EC offers
-     * another implementation of the Diffie-Hellman protocol.
-     *
-     */
-    mPKey = rb_define_module_under(mOSSL, "PKey");
-
-    /* Document-class: OpenSSL::PKey::PKeyError
-     *
-     *Raised when errors occur during PKey#sign or PKey#verify.
-     */
-    ePKeyError = rb_define_class_under(mPKey, "PKeyError", eOSSLError);
-
-    /* Document-class: OpenSSL::PKey::PKey
-     *
-     * An abstract class that bundles signature creation (PKey#sign) and
-     * validation (PKey#verify) that is common to all implementations except
-     * OpenSSL::PKey::DH
-     * * OpenSSL::PKey::RSA
-     * * OpenSSL::PKey::DSA
-     * * OpenSSL::PKey::EC
-     */
-    cPKey = rb_define_class_under(mPKey, "PKey", rb_cObject);
-
-    rb_define_module_function(mPKey, "read", ossl_pkey_new_from_data, -1);
-    rb_define_module_function(mPKey, "generate_parameters", ossl_pkey_s_generate_parameters, -1);
-    rb_define_module_function(mPKey, "generate_key", ossl_pkey_s_generate_key, -1);
-
-    rb_define_alloc_func(cPKey, ossl_pkey_alloc);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "initialize", ossl_pkey_initialize, 0);
-#ifdef HAVE_EVP_PKEY_DUP
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "initialize_copy", ossl_pkey_initialize_copy, 1);
-#else
-    rb_undef_method(cPKey, "initialize_copy");
-#endif
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "oid", ossl_pkey_oid, 0);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "inspect", ossl_pkey_inspect, 0);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "to_text", ossl_pkey_to_text, 0);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "private_to_der", ossl_pkey_private_to_der, -1);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "private_to_pem", ossl_pkey_private_to_pem, -1);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "public_to_der", ossl_pkey_public_to_der, 0);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "public_to_pem", ossl_pkey_public_to_pem, 0);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "compare?", ossl_pkey_compare, 1);
-
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "sign", ossl_pkey_sign, -1);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "verify", ossl_pkey_verify, -1);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "sign_raw", ossl_pkey_sign_raw, -1);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "verify_raw", ossl_pkey_verify_raw, -1);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "verify_recover", ossl_pkey_verify_recover, -1);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "derive", ossl_pkey_derive, -1);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "encrypt", ossl_pkey_encrypt, -1);
-    rb_define_method(cPKey, "decrypt", ossl_pkey_decrypt, -1);
-
-    id_private_q = rb_intern("private?");
-
-    /*
-     * INIT rsa, dsa, dh, ec
-     */
-    Init_ossl_rsa();
-    Init_ossl_dsa();
-    Init_ossl_dh();
-    Init_ossl_ec();
-}