webroar 0.2.2

data/src/vendor/libev/ev.c

@@ -0,0 +1,3158 @@
+/*
+ * libev event processing core, watcher management
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008,2009 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ * 
+ *   1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ *       this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 
+ *   2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/* this big block deduces configuration from config.h */
+#ifndef EV_STANDALONE
+# ifdef EV_CONFIG_H
+#  include EV_CONFIG_H
+# else
+#  include "config.h"
+# endif
+
+# if HAVE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+#  ifndef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+#   define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 1
+#   ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
+#    define EV_USE_REALTIME  0
+#   endif
+#   ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+#    define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
+#   endif
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+# if HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME
+#  ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+#   define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
+#  endif
+#  ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
+#   define EV_USE_REALTIME  0
+#  endif
+# else
+#  ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+#   define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
+#  endif
+#  ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
+#   define EV_USE_REALTIME  0
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
+#  if HAVE_NANOSLEEP
+#   define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP 1
+#  else
+#   define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP 0
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef EV_USE_SELECT
+#  if HAVE_SELECT && HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
+#   define EV_USE_SELECT 1
+#  else
+#   define EV_USE_SELECT 0
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef EV_USE_POLL
+#  if HAVE_POLL && HAVE_POLL_H
+#   define EV_USE_POLL 1
+#  else
+#   define EV_USE_POLL 0
+#  endif
+# endif
+   
+# ifndef EV_USE_EPOLL
+#  if HAVE_EPOLL_CTL && HAVE_SYS_EPOLL_H
+#   define EV_USE_EPOLL 1
+#  else
+#   define EV_USE_EPOLL 0
+#  endif
+# endif
+   
+# ifndef EV_USE_KQUEUE
+#  if HAVE_KQUEUE && HAVE_SYS_EVENT_H && HAVE_SYS_QUEUE_H
+#   define EV_USE_KQUEUE 1
+#  else
+#   define EV_USE_KQUEUE 0
+#  endif
+# endif
+   
+# ifndef EV_USE_PORT
+#  if HAVE_PORT_H && HAVE_PORT_CREATE
+#   define EV_USE_PORT 1
+#  else
+#   define EV_USE_PORT 0
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef EV_USE_INOTIFY
+#  if HAVE_INOTIFY_INIT && HAVE_SYS_INOTIFY_H
+#   define EV_USE_INOTIFY 1
+#  else
+#   define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
+#  endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef EV_USE_EVENTFD
+#  if HAVE_EVENTFD
+#   define EV_USE_EVENTFD 1
+#  else
+#   define EV_USE_EVENTFD 0
+#  endif
+# endif
+ 
+#endif
+
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <time.h>
+
+#include <signal.h>
+
+#ifdef EV_H
+# include EV_H
+#else
+# include "ev.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+# include <sys/time.h>
+# include <sys/wait.h>
+# include <unistd.h>
+#else
+# include <io.h>
+# define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+# include <windows.h>
+# ifndef EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+#  define EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET 1
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/* this block tries to deduce configuration from header-defined symbols and defaults */
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+# if __linux && __GLIBC__ >= 2
+#  define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 1
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+# if defined (_POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK) && _POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK >= 0
+#  define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
+# define EV_USE_REALTIME !EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
+# if _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 199309L
+#  define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP 1
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_SELECT
+# define EV_USE_SELECT 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_POLL
+# ifdef _WIN32
+#  define EV_USE_POLL 0
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_POLL 1
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_EPOLL
+# if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 4))
+#  define EV_USE_EPOLL 1
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_EPOLL 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_KQUEUE
+# define EV_USE_KQUEUE 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_PORT
+# define EV_USE_PORT 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_INOTIFY
+# if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 4))
+#  define EV_USE_INOTIFY 1
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_PID_HASHSIZE
+# if EV_MINIMAL
+#  define EV_PID_HASHSIZE 1
+# else
+#  define EV_PID_HASHSIZE 16
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE
+# if EV_MINIMAL
+#  define EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE 1
+# else
+#  define EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE 16
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_EVENTFD
+# if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 7))
+#  define EV_USE_EVENTFD 1
+# else
+#  define EV_USE_EVENTFD 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if 0 /* debugging */
+# define EV_VERIFY 3
+# define EV_USE_4HEAP 1
+# define EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_VERIFY
+# define EV_VERIFY !EV_MINIMAL
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_4HEAP
+# define EV_USE_4HEAP !EV_MINIMAL
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT
+# define EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT !EV_MINIMAL
+#endif
+
+/* this block fixes any misconfiguration where we know we run into trouble otherwise */
+
+#ifndef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+# undef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+# define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CLOCK_REALTIME
+# undef EV_USE_REALTIME
+# define EV_USE_REALTIME 0
+#endif
+
+#if !EV_STAT_ENABLE
+# undef EV_USE_INOTIFY
+# define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
+#endif
+
+#if !EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
+# ifndef _WIN32
+#  include <sys/select.h>
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+# include <sys/utsname.h>
+# include <sys/statfs.h>
+# include <sys/inotify.h>
+/* some very old inotify.h headers don't have IN_DONT_FOLLOW */
+# ifndef IN_DONT_FOLLOW
+#  undef EV_USE_INOTIFY
+#  define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+# include <winsock.h>
+#endif
+
+/* on linux, we can use a (slow) syscall to avoid a dependency on pthread, */
+/* which makes programs even slower. might work on other unices, too. */
+#if EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+# include <syscall.h>
+# define clock_gettime(id, ts) syscall (SYS_clock_gettime, (id), (ts))
+# undef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+# define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+/* our minimum requirement is glibc 2.7 which has the stub, but not the header */
+# include <stdint.h>
+# ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+# endif
+int eventfd (unsigned int initval, int flags);
+# ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/**/
+
+#if EV_VERIFY >= 3
+# define EV_FREQUENT_CHECK ev_loop_verify (EV_A)
+#else
+# define EV_FREQUENT_CHECK do { } while (0)
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * This is used to avoid floating point rounding problems.
+ * It is added to ev_rt_now when scheduling periodics
+ * to ensure progress, time-wise, even when rounding
+ * errors are against us.
+ * This value is good at least till the year 4000.
+ * Better solutions welcome.
+ */
+#define TIME_EPSILON  0.0001220703125 /* 1/8192 */
+
+#define MIN_TIMEJUMP  1. /* minimum timejump that gets detected (if monotonic clock available) */
+#define MAX_BLOCKTIME 59.743 /* never wait longer than this time (to detect time jumps) */
+/*#define CLEANUP_INTERVAL (MAX_BLOCKTIME * 5.) /* how often to try to free memory and re-check fds, TODO */
+
+#if __GNUC__ >= 4
+# define expect(expr,value)         __builtin_expect ((expr),(value))
+# define noinline                   __attribute__ ((noinline))
+#else
+# define expect(expr,value)         (expr)
+# define noinline
+# if __STDC_VERSION__ < 199901L && __GNUC__ < 2
+#  define inline
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#define expect_false(expr) expect ((expr) != 0, 0)
+#define expect_true(expr)  expect ((expr) != 0, 1)
+#define inline_size        static inline
+
+#if EV_MINIMAL
+# define inline_speed      static noinline
+#else
+# define inline_speed      static inline
+#endif
+
+#define NUMPRI    (EV_MAXPRI - EV_MINPRI + 1)
+#define ABSPRI(w) (((W)w)->priority - EV_MINPRI)
+
+#define EMPTY       /* required for microsofts broken pseudo-c compiler */
+#define EMPTY2(a,b) /* used to suppress some warnings */
+
+typedef ev_watcher *W;
+typedef ev_watcher_list *WL;
+typedef ev_watcher_time *WT;
+
+#define ev_active(w) ((W)(w))->active
+#define ev_at(w) ((WT)(w))->at
+
+#if EV_USE_REALTIME
+/* sig_atomic_t is used to avoid per-thread variables or locking but still */
+/* giving it a reasonably high chance of working on typical architetcures */
+static EV_ATOMIC_T have_realtime; /* did clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME) work? */
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+static EV_ATOMIC_T have_monotonic; /* did clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC) work? */
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+# include "ev_win32.c"
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+static void (*syserr_cb)(const char *msg);
+
+void
+ev_set_syserr_cb (void (*cb)(const char *msg))
+{
+  syserr_cb = cb;
+}
+
+static void noinline
+ev_syserr (const char *msg)
+{
+  if (!msg)
+    msg = "(libev) system error";
+
+  if (syserr_cb)
+    syserr_cb (msg);
+  else
+    {
+      perror (msg);
+      abort ();
+    }
+}
+
+static void *
+ev_realloc_emul (void *ptr, long size)
+{
+  /* some systems, notably openbsd and darwin, fail to properly
+   * implement realloc (x, 0) (as required by both ansi c-98 and
+   * the single unix specification, so work around them here.
+   */
+
+  if (size)
+    return realloc (ptr, size);
+
+  free (ptr);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static void *(*alloc)(void *ptr, long size) = ev_realloc_emul;
+
+void
+ev_set_allocator (void *(*cb)(void *ptr, long size))
+{
+  alloc = cb;
+}
+
+inline_speed void *
+ev_realloc (void *ptr, long size)
+{
+  ptr = alloc (ptr, size);
+
+  if (!ptr && size)
+    {
+      fprintf (stderr, "libev: cannot allocate %ld bytes, aborting.", size);
+      abort ();
+    }
+
+  return ptr;
+}
+
+#define ev_malloc(size) ev_realloc (0, (size))
+#define ev_free(ptr)    ev_realloc ((ptr), 0)
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+typedef struct
+{
+  WL head;
+  unsigned char events;
+  unsigned char reify;
+  unsigned char emask; /* the epoll backend stores the actual kernel mask in here */
+  unsigned char unused;
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+  unsigned int egen;  /* generation counter to counter epoll bugs */
+#endif
+#if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+  SOCKET handle;
+#endif
+} ANFD;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+  W w;
+  int events;
+} ANPENDING;
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+/* hash table entry per inotify-id */
+typedef struct
+{
+  WL head;
+} ANFS;
+#endif
+
+/* Heap Entry */
+#if EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT
+  typedef struct {
+    ev_tstamp at;
+    WT w;
+  } ANHE;
+
+  #define ANHE_w(he)        (he).w     /* access watcher, read-write */
+  #define ANHE_at(he)       (he).at    /* access cached at, read-only */
+  #define ANHE_at_cache(he) (he).at = (he).w->at /* update at from watcher */
+#else
+  typedef WT ANHE;
+
+  #define ANHE_w(he)        (he)
+  #define ANHE_at(he)       (he)->at
+  #define ANHE_at_cache(he)
+#endif
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+
+  struct ev_loop
+  {
+    ev_tstamp ev_rt_now;
+    #define ev_rt_now ((loop)->ev_rt_now)
+    #define VAR(name,decl) decl;
+      #include "ev_vars.h"
+    #undef VAR
+  };
+  #include "ev_wrap.h"
+
+  static struct ev_loop default_loop_struct;
+  struct ev_loop *ev_default_loop_ptr;
+
+#else
+
+  ev_tstamp ev_rt_now;
+  #define VAR(name,decl) static decl;
+    #include "ev_vars.h"
+  #undef VAR
+
+  static int ev_default_loop_ptr;
+
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+ev_tstamp
+ev_time (void)
+{
+#if EV_USE_REALTIME
+  if (expect_true (have_realtime))
+    {
+      struct timespec ts;
+      clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);
+      return ts.tv_sec + ts.tv_nsec * 1e-9;
+    }
+#endif
+
+  struct timeval tv;
+  gettimeofday (&tv, 0);
+  return tv.tv_sec + tv.tv_usec * 1e-6;
+}
+
+ev_tstamp inline_size
+get_clock (void)
+{
+#if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+  if (expect_true (have_monotonic))
+    {
+      struct timespec ts;
+      clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
+      return ts.tv_sec + ts.tv_nsec * 1e-9;
+    }
+#endif
+
+  return ev_time ();
+}
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ev_tstamp
+ev_now (EV_P)
+{
+  return ev_rt_now;
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+ev_sleep (ev_tstamp delay)
+{
+  if (delay > 0.)
+    {
+#if EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
+      struct timespec ts;
+
+      ts.tv_sec  = (time_t)delay;
+      ts.tv_nsec = (long)((delay - (ev_tstamp)(ts.tv_sec)) * 1e9);
+
+      nanosleep (&ts, 0);
+#elif defined(_WIN32)
+      Sleep ((unsigned long)(delay * 1e3));
+#else
+      struct timeval tv;
+
+      tv.tv_sec  = (time_t)delay;
+      tv.tv_usec = (long)((delay - (ev_tstamp)(tv.tv_sec)) * 1e6);
+
+      /* here we rely on sys/time.h + sys/types.h + unistd.h providing select */
+      /* somehting nto guaranteed by newer posix versions, but guaranteed */
+      /* by older ones */
+      select (0, 0, 0, 0, &tv);
+#endif
+    }
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#define MALLOC_ROUND 4096 /* prefer to allocate in chunks of this size, must be 2**n and >> 4 longs */
+
+int inline_size
+array_nextsize (int elem, int cur, int cnt)
+{
+  int ncur = cur + 1;
+
+  do
+    ncur <<= 1;
+  while (cnt > ncur);
+
+  /* if size is large, round to MALLOC_ROUND - 4 * longs to accomodate malloc overhead */
+  if (elem * ncur > MALLOC_ROUND - sizeof (void *) * 4)
+    {
+      ncur *= elem;
+      ncur = (ncur + elem + (MALLOC_ROUND - 1) + sizeof (void *) * 4) & ~(MALLOC_ROUND - 1);
+      ncur = ncur - sizeof (void *) * 4;
+      ncur /= elem;
+    }
+
+  return ncur;
+}
+
+static noinline void *
+array_realloc (int elem, void *base, int *cur, int cnt)
+{
+  *cur = array_nextsize (elem, *cur, cnt);
+  return ev_realloc (base, elem * *cur);
+}
+
+#define array_init_zero(base,count)	\
+  memset ((void *)(base), 0, sizeof (*(base)) * (count))
+
+#define array_needsize(type,base,cur,cnt,init)			\
+  if (expect_false ((cnt) > (cur)))				\
+    {								\
+      int ocur_ = (cur);					\
+      (base) = (type *)array_realloc				\
+         (sizeof (type), (base), &(cur), (cnt));		\
+      init ((base) + (ocur_), (cur) - ocur_);			\
+    }
+
+#if 0
+#define array_slim(type,stem)					\
+  if (stem ## max < array_roundsize (stem ## cnt >> 2))		\
+    {								\
+      stem ## max = array_roundsize (stem ## cnt >> 1);		\
+      base = (type *)ev_realloc (base, sizeof (type) * (stem ## max));\
+      fprintf (stderr, "slimmed down " # stem " to %d\n", stem ## max);/*D*/\
+    }
+#endif
+
+#define array_free(stem, idx) \
+  ev_free (stem ## s idx); stem ## cnt idx = stem ## max idx = 0;
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void noinline
+ev_feed_event (EV_P_ void *w, int revents)
+{
+  W w_ = (W)w;
+  int pri = ABSPRI (w_);
+
+  if (expect_false (w_->pending))
+    pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].events |= revents;
+  else
+    {
+      w_->pending = ++pendingcnt [pri];
+      array_needsize (ANPENDING, pendings [pri], pendingmax [pri], w_->pending, EMPTY2);
+      pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].w      = w_;
+      pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].events = revents;
+    }
+}
+
+void inline_speed
+queue_events (EV_P_ W *events, int eventcnt, int type)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < eventcnt; ++i)
+    ev_feed_event (EV_A_ events [i], type);
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void inline_speed
+fd_event (EV_P_ int fd, int revents)
+{
+  ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
+  ev_io *w;
+
+  for (w = (ev_io *)anfd->head; w; w = (ev_io *)((WL)w)->next)
+    {
+      int ev = w->events & revents;
+
+      if (ev)
+        ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, ev);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+ev_feed_fd_event (EV_P_ int fd, int revents)
+{
+  if (fd >= 0 && fd < anfdmax)
+    fd_event (EV_A_ fd, revents);
+}
+
+void inline_size
+fd_reify (EV_P)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < fdchangecnt; ++i)
+    {
+      int fd = fdchanges [i];
+      ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
+      ev_io *w;
+
+      unsigned char events = 0;
+
+      for (w = (ev_io *)anfd->head; w; w = (ev_io *)((WL)w)->next)
+        events |= (unsigned char)w->events;
+
+#if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+      if (events)
+        {
+          unsigned long arg;
+          #ifdef EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE
+            anfd->handle = EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (fd);
+          #else
+            anfd->handle = _get_osfhandle (fd);
+          #endif
+          assert (("libev: only socket fds supported in this configuration", ioctlsocket (anfd->handle, FIONREAD, &arg) == 0));
+        }
+#endif
+
+      {
+        unsigned char o_events = anfd->events;
+        unsigned char o_reify  = anfd->reify;
+
+        anfd->reify  = 0;
+        anfd->events = events;
+
+        if (o_events != events || o_reify & EV_IOFDSET)
+          backend_modify (EV_A_ fd, o_events, events);
+      }
+    }
+
+  fdchangecnt = 0;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+fd_change (EV_P_ int fd, int flags)
+{
+  unsigned char reify = anfds [fd].reify;
+  anfds [fd].reify |= flags;
+
+  if (expect_true (!reify))
+    {
+      ++fdchangecnt;
+      array_needsize (int, fdchanges, fdchangemax, fdchangecnt, EMPTY2);
+      fdchanges [fdchangecnt - 1] = fd;
+    }
+}
+
+void inline_speed
+fd_kill (EV_P_ int fd)
+{
+  ev_io *w;
+
+  while ((w = (ev_io *)anfds [fd].head))
+    {
+      ev_io_stop (EV_A_ w);
+      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_ERROR | EV_READ | EV_WRITE);
+    }
+}
+
+int inline_size
+fd_valid (int fd)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  return _get_osfhandle (fd) != -1;
+#else
+  return fcntl (fd, F_GETFD) != -1;
+#endif
+}
+
+/* called on EBADF to verify fds */
+static void noinline
+fd_ebadf (EV_P)
+{
+  int fd;
+
+  for (fd = 0; fd < anfdmax; ++fd)
+    if (anfds [fd].events)
+      if (!fd_valid (fd) && errno == EBADF)
+        fd_kill (EV_A_ fd);
+}
+
+/* called on ENOMEM in select/poll to kill some fds and retry */
+static void noinline
+fd_enomem (EV_P)
+{
+  int fd;
+
+  for (fd = anfdmax; fd--; )
+    if (anfds [fd].events)
+      {
+        fd_kill (EV_A_ fd);
+        return;
+      }
+}
+
+/* usually called after fork if backend needs to re-arm all fds from scratch */
+static void noinline
+fd_rearm_all (EV_P)
+{
+  int fd;
+
+  for (fd = 0; fd < anfdmax; ++fd)
+    if (anfds [fd].events)
+      {
+        anfds [fd].events = 0;
+        anfds [fd].emask  = 0;
+        fd_change (EV_A_ fd, EV_IOFDSET | 1);
+      }
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * the heap functions want a real array index. array index 0 uis guaranteed to not
+ * be in-use at any time. the first heap entry is at array [HEAP0]. DHEAP gives
+ * the branching factor of the d-tree.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * at the moment we allow libev the luxury of two heaps,
+ * a small-code-size 2-heap one and a ~1.5kb larger 4-heap
+ * which is more cache-efficient.
+ * the difference is about 5% with 50000+ watchers.
+ */
+#if EV_USE_4HEAP
+
+#define DHEAP 4
+#define HEAP0 (DHEAP - 1) /* index of first element in heap */
+#define HPARENT(k) ((((k) - HEAP0 - 1) / DHEAP) + HEAP0)
+#define UPHEAP_DONE(p,k) ((p) == (k))
+
+/* away from the root */
+void inline_speed
+downheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
+{
+  ANHE he = heap [k];
+  ANHE *E = heap + N + HEAP0;
+
+  for (;;)
+    {
+      ev_tstamp minat;
+      ANHE *minpos;
+      ANHE *pos = heap + DHEAP * (k - HEAP0) + HEAP0 + 1;
+
+      /* find minimum child */
+      if (expect_true (pos + DHEAP - 1 < E))
+        {
+          /* fast path */                               (minpos = pos + 0), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+          if (               ANHE_at (pos [1]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 1), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+          if (               ANHE_at (pos [2]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 2), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+          if (               ANHE_at (pos [3]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 3), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+        }
+      else if (pos < E)
+        {
+          /* slow path */                               (minpos = pos + 0), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+          if (pos + 1 < E && ANHE_at (pos [1]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 1), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+          if (pos + 2 < E && ANHE_at (pos [2]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 2), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+          if (pos + 3 < E && ANHE_at (pos [3]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 3), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+        }
+      else
+        break;
+
+      if (ANHE_at (he) <= minat)
+        break;
+
+      heap [k] = *minpos;
+      ev_active (ANHE_w (*minpos)) = k;
+
+      k = minpos - heap;
+    }
+
+  heap [k] = he;
+  ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
+}
+
+#else /* 4HEAP */
+
+#define HEAP0 1
+#define HPARENT(k) ((k) >> 1)
+#define UPHEAP_DONE(p,k) (!(p))
+
+/* away from the root */
+void inline_speed
+downheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
+{
+  ANHE he = heap [k];
+
+  for (;;)
+    {
+      int c = k << 1;
+
+      if (c > N + HEAP0 - 1)
+        break;
+
+      c += c + 1 < N + HEAP0 && ANHE_at (heap [c]) > ANHE_at (heap [c + 1])
+           ? 1 : 0;
+
+      if (ANHE_at (he) <= ANHE_at (heap [c]))
+        break;
+
+      heap [k] = heap [c];
+      ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [k])) = k;
+      
+      k = c;
+    }
+
+  heap [k] = he;
+  ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* towards the root */
+void inline_speed
+upheap (ANHE *heap, int k)
+{
+  ANHE he = heap [k];
+
+  for (;;)
+    {
+      int p = HPARENT (k);
+
+      if (UPHEAP_DONE (p, k) || ANHE_at (heap [p]) <= ANHE_at (he))
+        break;
+
+      heap [k] = heap [p];
+      ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [k])) = k;
+      k = p;
+    }
+
+  heap [k] = he;
+  ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+adjustheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
+{
+  if (k > HEAP0 && ANHE_at (heap [HPARENT (k)]) >= ANHE_at (heap [k]))
+    upheap (heap, k);
+  else
+    downheap (heap, N, k);
+}
+
+/* rebuild the heap: this function is used only once and executed rarely */
+void inline_size
+reheap (ANHE *heap, int N)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  /* we don't use floyds algorithm, upheap is simpler and is more cache-efficient */
+  /* also, this is easy to implement and correct for both 2-heaps and 4-heaps */
+  for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
+    upheap (heap, i + HEAP0);
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+typedef struct
+{
+  WL head;
+  EV_ATOMIC_T gotsig;
+} ANSIG;
+
+static ANSIG *signals;
+static int signalmax;
+
+static EV_ATOMIC_T gotsig;
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void inline_speed
+fd_intern (int fd)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  unsigned long arg = 1;
+  ioctlsocket (_get_osfhandle (fd), FIONBIO, &arg);
+#else
+  fcntl (fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
+  fcntl (fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void noinline
+evpipe_init (EV_P)
+{
+  if (!ev_is_active (&pipeev))
+    {
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+      if ((evfd = eventfd (0, 0)) >= 0)
+        {
+          evpipe [0] = -1;
+          fd_intern (evfd);
+          ev_io_set (&pipeev, evfd, EV_READ);
+        }
+      else
+#endif
+        {
+          while (pipe (evpipe))
+            ev_syserr ("(libev) error creating signal/async pipe");
+
+          fd_intern (evpipe [0]);
+          fd_intern (evpipe [1]);
+          ev_io_set (&pipeev, evpipe [0], EV_READ);
+        }
+
+      ev_io_start (EV_A_ &pipeev);
+      ev_unref (EV_A); /* watcher should not keep loop alive */
+    }
+}
+
+void inline_size
+evpipe_write (EV_P_ EV_ATOMIC_T *flag)
+{
+  if (!*flag)
+    {
+      int old_errno = errno; /* save errno because write might clobber it */
+
+      *flag = 1;
+
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+      if (evfd >= 0)
+        {
+          uint64_t counter = 1;
+          write (evfd, &counter, sizeof (uint64_t));
+        }
+      else
+#endif
+        write (evpipe [1], &old_errno, 1);
+
+      errno = old_errno;
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+pipecb (EV_P_ ev_io *iow, int revents)
+{
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+  if (evfd >= 0)
+    {
+      uint64_t counter;
+      read (evfd, &counter, sizeof (uint64_t));
+    }
+  else
+#endif
+    {
+      char dummy;
+      read (evpipe [0], &dummy, 1);
+    }
+
+  if (gotsig && ev_is_default_loop (EV_A))
+    {    
+      int signum;
+      gotsig = 0;
+
+      for (signum = signalmax; signum--; )
+        if (signals [signum].gotsig)
+          ev_feed_signal_event (EV_A_ signum + 1);
+    }
+
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+  if (gotasync)
+    {
+      int i;
+      gotasync = 0;
+
+      for (i = asynccnt; i--; )
+        if (asyncs [i]->sent)
+          {
+            asyncs [i]->sent = 0;
+            ev_feed_event (EV_A_ asyncs [i], EV_ASYNC);
+          }
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+static void
+ev_sighandler (int signum)
+{
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  struct ev_loop *loop = &default_loop_struct;
+#endif
+
+#if _WIN32
+  signal (signum, ev_sighandler);
+#endif
+
+  signals [signum - 1].gotsig = 1;
+  evpipe_write (EV_A_ &gotsig);
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_feed_signal_event (EV_P_ int signum)
+{
+  WL w;
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  assert (("libev: feeding signal events is only supported in the default loop", loop == ev_default_loop_ptr));
+#endif
+
+  --signum;
+
+  if (signum < 0 || signum >= signalmax)
+    return;
+
+  signals [signum].gotsig = 0;
+
+  for (w = signals [signum].head; w; w = w->next)
+    ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_SIGNAL);
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+static WL childs [EV_PID_HASHSIZE];
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+
+static ev_signal childev;
+
+#ifndef WIFCONTINUED
+# define WIFCONTINUED(status) 0
+#endif
+
+void inline_speed
+child_reap (EV_P_ int chain, int pid, int status)
+{
+  ev_child *w;
+  int traced = WIFSTOPPED (status) || WIFCONTINUED (status);
+
+  for (w = (ev_child *)childs [chain & (EV_PID_HASHSIZE - 1)]; w; w = (ev_child *)((WL)w)->next)
+    {
+      if ((w->pid == pid || !w->pid)
+          && (!traced || (w->flags & 1)))
+        {
+          ev_set_priority (w, EV_MAXPRI); /* need to do it *now*, this *must* be the same prio as the signal watcher itself */
+          w->rpid    = pid;
+          w->rstatus = status;
+          ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_CHILD);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#ifndef WCONTINUED
+# define WCONTINUED 0
+#endif
+
+static void
+childcb (EV_P_ ev_signal *sw, int revents)
+{
+  int pid, status;
+
+  /* some systems define WCONTINUED but then fail to support it (linux 2.4) */
+  if (0 >= (pid = waitpid (-1, &status, WNOHANG | WUNTRACED | WCONTINUED)))
+    if (!WCONTINUED
+        || errno != EINVAL
+        || 0 >= (pid = waitpid (-1, &status, WNOHANG | WUNTRACED)))
+      return;
+
+  /* make sure we are called again until all children have been reaped */
+  /* we need to do it this way so that the callback gets called before we continue */
+  ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)sw, EV_SIGNAL);
+
+  child_reap (EV_A_ pid, pid, status);
+  if (EV_PID_HASHSIZE > 1)
+    child_reap (EV_A_ 0, pid, status); /* this might trigger a watcher twice, but feed_event catches that */
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#if EV_USE_PORT
+# include "ev_port.c"
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_KQUEUE
+# include "ev_kqueue.c"
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+# include "ev_epoll.c"
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_POLL
+# include "ev_poll.c"
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_SELECT
+# include "ev_select.c"
+#endif
+
+int
+ev_version_major (void)
+{
+  return EV_VERSION_MAJOR;
+}
+
+int
+ev_version_minor (void)
+{
+  return EV_VERSION_MINOR;
+}
+
+/* return true if we are running with elevated privileges and should ignore env variables */
+int inline_size
+enable_secure (void)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  return 0;
+#else
+  return getuid () != geteuid ()
+      || getgid () != getegid ();
+#endif
+}
+
+unsigned int
+ev_supported_backends (void)
+{
+  unsigned int flags = 0;
+
+  if (EV_USE_PORT  ) flags |= EVBACKEND_PORT;
+  if (EV_USE_KQUEUE) flags |= EVBACKEND_KQUEUE;
+  if (EV_USE_EPOLL ) flags |= EVBACKEND_EPOLL;
+  if (EV_USE_POLL  ) flags |= EVBACKEND_POLL;
+  if (EV_USE_SELECT) flags |= EVBACKEND_SELECT;
+  
+  return flags;
+}
+
+unsigned int
+ev_recommended_backends (void)
+{
+  unsigned int flags = ev_supported_backends ();
+
+#ifndef __NetBSD__
+  /* kqueue is borked on everything but netbsd apparently */
+  /* it usually doesn't work correctly on anything but sockets and pipes */
+  flags &= ~EVBACKEND_KQUEUE;
+#endif
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+  /* only select works correctly on that "unix-certified" platform */
+  flags &= ~EVBACKEND_KQUEUE; /* horribly broken, even for sockets */
+  flags &= ~EVBACKEND_POLL;   /* poll is based on kqueue from 10.5 onwards */
+#endif
+
+  return flags;
+}
+
+unsigned int
+ev_embeddable_backends (void)
+{
+  int flags = EVBACKEND_EPOLL | EVBACKEND_KQUEUE | EVBACKEND_PORT;
+
+  /* epoll embeddability broken on all linux versions up to at least 2.6.23 */
+  /* please fix it and tell me how to detect the fix */
+  flags &= ~EVBACKEND_EPOLL;
+
+  return flags;
+}
+
+unsigned int
+ev_backend (EV_P)
+{
+  return backend;
+}
+
+unsigned int
+ev_loop_count (EV_P)
+{
+  return loop_count;
+}
+
+void
+ev_set_io_collect_interval (EV_P_ ev_tstamp interval)
+{
+  io_blocktime = interval;
+}
+
+void
+ev_set_timeout_collect_interval (EV_P_ ev_tstamp interval)
+{
+  timeout_blocktime = interval;
+}
+
+static void noinline
+loop_init (EV_P_ unsigned int flags)
+{
+  if (!backend)
+    {
+#if EV_USE_REALTIME
+      if (!have_realtime)
+        {
+          struct timespec ts;
+
+          if (!clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts))
+            have_realtime = 1;
+        }
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+      if (!have_monotonic)
+        {
+          struct timespec ts;
+
+          if (!clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts))
+            have_monotonic = 1;
+        }
+#endif
+
+      ev_rt_now         = ev_time ();
+      mn_now            = get_clock ();
+      now_floor         = mn_now;
+      rtmn_diff         = ev_rt_now - mn_now;
+
+      io_blocktime      = 0.;
+      timeout_blocktime = 0.;
+      backend           = 0;
+      backend_fd        = -1;
+      gotasync          = 0;
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+      fs_fd             = -2;
+#endif
+
+      /* pid check not overridable via env */
+#ifndef _WIN32
+      if (flags & EVFLAG_FORKCHECK)
+        curpid = getpid ();
+#endif
+
+      if (!(flags & EVFLAG_NOENV)
+          && !enable_secure ()
+          && getenv ("LIBEV_FLAGS"))
+        flags = atoi (getenv ("LIBEV_FLAGS"));
+
+      if (!(flags & 0x0000ffffU))
+        flags |= ev_recommended_backends ();
+
+#if EV_USE_PORT
+      if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_PORT  )) backend = port_init   (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_KQUEUE
+      if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_KQUEUE)) backend = kqueue_init (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+      if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_EPOLL )) backend = epoll_init  (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_POLL
+      if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_POLL  )) backend = poll_init   (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_SELECT
+      if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_SELECT)) backend = select_init (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+
+      ev_init (&pipeev, pipecb);
+      ev_set_priority (&pipeev, EV_MAXPRI);
+    }
+}
+
+static void noinline
+loop_destroy (EV_P)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  if (ev_is_active (&pipeev))
+    {
+      ev_ref (EV_A); /* signal watcher */
+      ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &pipeev);
+
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+      if (evfd >= 0)
+        close (evfd);
+#endif
+
+      if (evpipe [0] >= 0)
+        {
+          close (evpipe [0]);
+          close (evpipe [1]);
+        }
+    }
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+  if (fs_fd >= 0)
+    close (fs_fd);
+#endif
+
+  if (backend_fd >= 0)
+    close (backend_fd);
+
+#if EV_USE_PORT
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_PORT  ) port_destroy   (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_KQUEUE
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_KQUEUE) kqueue_destroy (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_EPOLL ) epoll_destroy  (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_POLL
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_POLL  ) poll_destroy   (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_SELECT
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_SELECT) select_destroy (EV_A);
+#endif
+
+  for (i = NUMPRI; i--; )
+    {
+      array_free (pending, [i]);
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+      array_free (idle, [i]);
+#endif
+    }
+
+  ev_free (anfds); anfdmax = 0;
+
+  /* have to use the microsoft-never-gets-it-right macro */
+  array_free (fdchange, EMPTY);
+  array_free (timer, EMPTY);
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+  array_free (periodic, EMPTY);
+#endif
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+  array_free (fork, EMPTY);
+#endif
+  array_free (prepare, EMPTY);
+  array_free (check, EMPTY);
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+  array_free (async, EMPTY);
+#endif
+
+  backend = 0;
+}
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+void inline_size infy_fork (EV_P);
+#endif
+
+void inline_size
+loop_fork (EV_P)
+{
+#if EV_USE_PORT
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_PORT  ) port_fork   (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_KQUEUE
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_KQUEUE) kqueue_fork (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+  if (backend == EVBACKEND_EPOLL ) epoll_fork  (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+  infy_fork (EV_A);
+#endif
+
+  if (ev_is_active (&pipeev))
+    {
+      /* this "locks" the handlers against writing to the pipe */
+      /* while we modify the fd vars */
+      gotsig = 1;
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+      gotasync = 1;
+#endif
+
+      ev_ref (EV_A);
+      ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &pipeev);
+
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+      if (evfd >= 0)
+        close (evfd);
+#endif
+
+      if (evpipe [0] >= 0)
+        {
+          close (evpipe [0]);
+          close (evpipe [1]);
+        }
+
+      evpipe_init (EV_A);
+      /* now iterate over everything, in case we missed something */
+      pipecb (EV_A_ &pipeev, EV_READ);
+    }
+
+  postfork = 0;
+}
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+
+struct ev_loop *
+ev_loop_new (unsigned int flags)
+{
+  struct ev_loop *loop = (struct ev_loop *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct ev_loop));
+
+  memset (loop, 0, sizeof (struct ev_loop));
+
+  loop_init (EV_A_ flags);
+
+  if (ev_backend (EV_A))
+    return loop;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void
+ev_loop_destroy (EV_P)
+{
+  loop_destroy (EV_A);
+  ev_free (loop);
+}
+
+void
+ev_loop_fork (EV_P)
+{
+  postfork = 1; /* must be in line with ev_default_fork */
+}
+
+#if EV_VERIFY
+static void noinline
+verify_watcher (EV_P_ W w)
+{
+  assert (("libev: watcher has invalid priority", ABSPRI (w) >= 0 && ABSPRI (w) < NUMPRI));
+
+  if (w->pending)
+    assert (("libev: pending watcher not on pending queue", pendings [ABSPRI (w)][w->pending - 1].w == w));
+}
+
+static void noinline
+verify_heap (EV_P_ ANHE *heap, int N)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  for (i = HEAP0; i < N + HEAP0; ++i)
+    {
+      assert (("libev: active index mismatch in heap", ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [i])) == i));
+      assert (("libev: heap condition violated", i == HEAP0 || ANHE_at (heap [HPARENT (i)]) <= ANHE_at (heap [i])));
+      assert (("libev: heap at cache mismatch", ANHE_at (heap [i]) == ev_at (ANHE_w (heap [i]))));
+
+      verify_watcher (EV_A_ (W)ANHE_w (heap [i]));
+    }
+}
+
+static void noinline
+array_verify (EV_P_ W *ws, int cnt)
+{
+  while (cnt--)
+    {
+      assert (("libev: active index mismatch", ev_active (ws [cnt]) == cnt + 1));
+      verify_watcher (EV_A_ ws [cnt]);
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+ev_loop_verify (EV_P)
+{
+#if EV_VERIFY
+  int i;
+  WL w;
+
+  assert (activecnt >= -1);
+
+  assert (fdchangemax >= fdchangecnt);
+  for (i = 0; i < fdchangecnt; ++i)
+    assert (("libev: negative fd in fdchanges", fdchanges [i] >= 0));
+
+  assert (anfdmax >= 0);
+  for (i = 0; i < anfdmax; ++i)
+    for (w = anfds [i].head; w; w = w->next)
+      {
+        verify_watcher (EV_A_ (W)w);
+        assert (("libev: inactive fd watcher on anfd list", ev_active (w) == 1));
+        assert (("libev: fd mismatch between watcher and anfd", ((ev_io *)w)->fd == i));
+      }
+
+  assert (timermax >= timercnt);
+  verify_heap (EV_A_ timers, timercnt);
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+  assert (periodicmax >= periodiccnt);
+  verify_heap (EV_A_ periodics, periodiccnt);
+#endif
+
+  for (i = NUMPRI; i--; )
+    {
+      assert (pendingmax [i] >= pendingcnt [i]);
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+      assert (idleall >= 0);
+      assert (idlemax [i] >= idlecnt [i]);
+      array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)idles [i], idlecnt [i]);
+#endif
+    }
+
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+  assert (forkmax >= forkcnt);
+  array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)forks, forkcnt);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+  assert (asyncmax >= asynccnt);
+  array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)asyncs, asynccnt);
+#endif
+
+  assert (preparemax >= preparecnt);
+  array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)prepares, preparecnt);
+
+  assert (checkmax >= checkcnt);
+  array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)checks, checkcnt);
+
+# if 0
+  for (w = (ev_child *)childs [chain & (EV_PID_HASHSIZE - 1)]; w; w = (ev_child *)((WL)w)->next)
+  for (signum = signalmax; signum--; ) if (signals [signum].gotsig)
+# endif
+#endif
+}
+
+#endif /* multiplicity */
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+struct ev_loop *
+ev_default_loop_init (unsigned int flags)
+#else
+int
+ev_default_loop (unsigned int flags)
+#endif
+{
+  if (!ev_default_loop_ptr)
+    {
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+      struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop_ptr = &default_loop_struct;
+#else
+      ev_default_loop_ptr = 1;
+#endif
+
+      loop_init (EV_A_ flags);
+
+      if (ev_backend (EV_A))
+        {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+          ev_signal_init (&childev, childcb, SIGCHLD);
+          ev_set_priority (&childev, EV_MAXPRI);
+          ev_signal_start (EV_A_ &childev);
+          ev_unref (EV_A); /* child watcher should not keep loop alive */
+#endif
+        }
+      else
+        ev_default_loop_ptr = 0;
+    }
+
+  return ev_default_loop_ptr;
+}
+
+void
+ev_default_destroy (void)
+{
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop_ptr;
+#endif
+
+  ev_default_loop_ptr = 0;
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  ev_ref (EV_A); /* child watcher */
+  ev_signal_stop (EV_A_ &childev);
+#endif
+
+  loop_destroy (EV_A);
+}
+
+void
+ev_default_fork (void)
+{
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop_ptr;
+#endif
+
+  postfork = 1; /* must be in line with ev_loop_fork */
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void
+ev_invoke (EV_P_ void *w, int revents)
+{
+  EV_CB_INVOKE ((W)w, revents);
+}
+
+void inline_speed
+call_pending (EV_P)
+{
+  int pri;
+
+  for (pri = NUMPRI; pri--; )
+    while (pendingcnt [pri])
+      {
+        ANPENDING *p = pendings [pri] + --pendingcnt [pri];
+
+        if (expect_true (p->w))
+          {
+            /*assert (("libev: non-pending watcher on pending list", p->w->pending));*/
+
+            p->w->pending = 0;
+            EV_CB_INVOKE (p->w, p->events);
+            EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+          }
+      }
+}
+
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+void inline_size
+idle_reify (EV_P)
+{
+  if (expect_false (idleall))
+    {
+      int pri;
+
+      for (pri = NUMPRI; pri--; )
+        {
+          if (pendingcnt [pri])
+            break;
+
+          if (idlecnt [pri])
+            {
+              queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)idles [pri], idlecnt [pri], EV_IDLE);
+              break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+void inline_size
+timers_reify (EV_P)
+{
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  while (timercnt && ANHE_at (timers [HEAP0]) < mn_now)
+    {
+      ev_timer *w = (ev_timer *)ANHE_w (timers [HEAP0]);
+
+      /*assert (("libev: inactive timer on timer heap detected", ev_is_active (w)));*/
+
+      /* first reschedule or stop timer */
+      if (w->repeat)
+        {
+          ev_at (w) += w->repeat;
+          if (ev_at (w) < mn_now)
+            ev_at (w) = mn_now;
+
+          assert (("libev: negative ev_timer repeat value found while processing timers", w->repeat > 0.));
+
+          ANHE_at_cache (timers [HEAP0]);
+          downheap (timers, timercnt, HEAP0);
+        }
+      else
+        ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ w); /* nonrepeating: stop timer */
+
+      EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_TIMEOUT);
+    }
+}
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+void inline_size
+periodics_reify (EV_P)
+{
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  while (periodiccnt && ANHE_at (periodics [HEAP0]) < ev_rt_now)
+    {
+      ev_periodic *w = (ev_periodic *)ANHE_w (periodics [HEAP0]);
+
+      /*assert (("libev: inactive timer on periodic heap detected", ev_is_active (w)));*/
+
+      /* first reschedule or stop timer */
+      if (w->reschedule_cb)
+        {
+          ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
+
+          assert (("libev: ev_periodic reschedule callback returned time in the past", ev_at (w) >= ev_rt_now));
+
+          ANHE_at_cache (periodics [HEAP0]);
+          downheap (periodics, periodiccnt, HEAP0);
+        }
+      else if (w->interval)
+        {
+          ev_at (w) = w->offset + ceil ((ev_rt_now - w->offset) / w->interval) * w->interval;
+          /* if next trigger time is not sufficiently in the future, put it there */
+          /* this might happen because of floating point inexactness */
+          if (ev_at (w) - ev_rt_now < TIME_EPSILON)
+            {
+              ev_at (w) += w->interval;
+
+              /* if interval is unreasonably low we might still have a time in the past */
+              /* so correct this. this will make the periodic very inexact, but the user */
+              /* has effectively asked to get triggered more often than possible */
+              if (ev_at (w) < ev_rt_now)
+                ev_at (w) = ev_rt_now;
+            }
+
+          ANHE_at_cache (periodics [HEAP0]);
+          downheap (periodics, periodiccnt, HEAP0);
+        }
+      else
+        ev_periodic_stop (EV_A_ w); /* nonrepeating: stop timer */
+
+      EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_PERIODIC);
+    }
+}
+
+static void noinline
+periodics_reschedule (EV_P)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  /* adjust periodics after time jump */
+  for (i = HEAP0; i < periodiccnt + HEAP0; ++i)
+    {
+      ev_periodic *w = (ev_periodic *)ANHE_w (periodics [i]);
+
+      if (w->reschedule_cb)
+        ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
+      else if (w->interval)
+        ev_at (w) = w->offset + ceil ((ev_rt_now - w->offset) / w->interval) * w->interval;
+
+      ANHE_at_cache (periodics [i]);
+    }
+
+  reheap (periodics, periodiccnt);
+}
+#endif
+
+void inline_speed
+time_update (EV_P_ ev_tstamp max_block)
+{
+  int i;
+
+#if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+  if (expect_true (have_monotonic))
+    {
+      ev_tstamp odiff = rtmn_diff;
+
+      mn_now = get_clock ();
+
+      /* only fetch the realtime clock every 0.5*MIN_TIMEJUMP seconds */
+      /* interpolate in the meantime */
+      if (expect_true (mn_now - now_floor < MIN_TIMEJUMP * .5))
+        {
+          ev_rt_now = rtmn_diff + mn_now;
+          return;
+        }
+
+      now_floor = mn_now;
+      ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
+
+      /* loop a few times, before making important decisions.
+       * on the choice of "4": one iteration isn't enough,
+       * in case we get preempted during the calls to
+       * ev_time and get_clock. a second call is almost guaranteed
+       * to succeed in that case, though. and looping a few more times
+       * doesn't hurt either as we only do this on time-jumps or
+       * in the unlikely event of having been preempted here.
+       */
+      for (i = 4; --i; )
+        {
+          rtmn_diff = ev_rt_now - mn_now;
+
+          if (expect_true (fabs (odiff - rtmn_diff) < MIN_TIMEJUMP))
+            return; /* all is well */
+
+          ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
+          mn_now    = get_clock ();
+          now_floor = mn_now;
+        }
+
+# if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+      periodics_reschedule (EV_A);
+# endif
+      /* no timer adjustment, as the monotonic clock doesn't jump */
+      /* timers_reschedule (EV_A_ rtmn_diff - odiff) */
+    }
+  else
+#endif
+    {
+      ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
+
+      if (expect_false (mn_now > ev_rt_now || ev_rt_now > mn_now + max_block + MIN_TIMEJUMP))
+        {
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+          periodics_reschedule (EV_A);
+#endif
+          /* adjust timers. this is easy, as the offset is the same for all of them */
+          for (i = 0; i < timercnt; ++i)
+            {
+              ANHE *he = timers + i + HEAP0;
+              ANHE_w (*he)->at += ev_rt_now - mn_now;
+              ANHE_at_cache (*he);
+            }
+        }
+
+      mn_now = ev_rt_now;
+    }
+}
+
+void
+ev_ref (EV_P)
+{
+  ++activecnt;
+}
+
+void
+ev_unref (EV_P)
+{
+  --activecnt;
+}
+
+void
+ev_now_update (EV_P)
+{
+  time_update (EV_A_ 1e100);
+}
+
+static int loop_done;
+
+void
+ev_loop (EV_P_ int flags)
+{
+  loop_done = EVUNLOOP_CANCEL;
+
+  call_pending (EV_A); /* in case we recurse, ensure ordering stays nice and clean */
+
+  do
+    {
+#if EV_VERIFY >= 2
+      ev_loop_verify (EV_A);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+      if (expect_false (curpid)) /* penalise the forking check even more */
+        if (expect_false (getpid () != curpid))
+          {
+            curpid = getpid ();
+            postfork = 1;
+          }
+#endif
+
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+      /* we might have forked, so queue fork handlers */
+      if (expect_false (postfork))
+        if (forkcnt)
+          {
+            queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)forks, forkcnt, EV_FORK);
+            call_pending (EV_A);
+          }
+#endif
+
+      /* queue prepare watchers (and execute them) */
+      if (expect_false (preparecnt))
+        {
+          queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)prepares, preparecnt, EV_PREPARE);
+          call_pending (EV_A);
+        }
+
+      if (expect_false (!activecnt))
+        break;
+
+      /* we might have forked, so reify kernel state if necessary */
+      if (expect_false (postfork))
+        loop_fork (EV_A);
+
+      /* update fd-related kernel structures */
+      fd_reify (EV_A);
+
+      /* calculate blocking time */
+      {
+        ev_tstamp waittime  = 0.;
+        ev_tstamp sleeptime = 0.;
+
+        if (expect_true (!(flags & EVLOOP_NONBLOCK || idleall || !activecnt)))
+          {
+            /* update time to cancel out callback processing overhead */
+            time_update (EV_A_ 1e100);
+
+            waittime = MAX_BLOCKTIME;
+
+            if (timercnt)
+              {
+                ev_tstamp to = ANHE_at (timers [HEAP0]) - mn_now + backend_fudge;
+                if (waittime > to) waittime = to;
+              }
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+            if (periodiccnt)
+              {
+                ev_tstamp to = ANHE_at (periodics [HEAP0]) - ev_rt_now + backend_fudge;
+                if (waittime > to) waittime = to;
+              }
+#endif
+
+            if (expect_false (waittime < timeout_blocktime))
+              waittime = timeout_blocktime;
+
+            sleeptime = waittime - backend_fudge;
+
+            if (expect_true (sleeptime > io_blocktime))
+              sleeptime = io_blocktime;
+
+            if (sleeptime)
+              {
+                ev_sleep (sleeptime);
+                waittime -= sleeptime;
+              }
+          }
+
+        ++loop_count;
+        backend_poll (EV_A_ waittime);
+
+        /* update ev_rt_now, do magic */
+        time_update (EV_A_ waittime + sleeptime);
+      }
+
+      /* queue pending timers and reschedule them */
+      timers_reify (EV_A); /* relative timers called last */
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+      periodics_reify (EV_A); /* absolute timers called first */
+#endif
+
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+      /* queue idle watchers unless other events are pending */
+      idle_reify (EV_A);
+#endif
+
+      /* queue check watchers, to be executed first */
+      if (expect_false (checkcnt))
+        queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)checks, checkcnt, EV_CHECK);
+
+      call_pending (EV_A);
+    }
+  while (expect_true (
+    activecnt
+    && !loop_done
+    && !(flags & (EVLOOP_ONESHOT | EVLOOP_NONBLOCK))
+  ));
+
+  if (loop_done == EVUNLOOP_ONE)
+    loop_done = EVUNLOOP_CANCEL;
+}
+
+void
+ev_unloop (EV_P_ int how)
+{
+  loop_done = how;
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void inline_size
+wlist_add (WL *head, WL elem)
+{
+  elem->next = *head;
+  *head = elem;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+wlist_del (WL *head, WL elem)
+{
+  while (*head)
+    {
+      if (*head == elem)
+        {
+          *head = elem->next;
+          return;
+        }
+
+      head = &(*head)->next;
+    }
+}
+
+void inline_speed
+clear_pending (EV_P_ W w)
+{
+  if (w->pending)
+    {
+      pendings [ABSPRI (w)][w->pending - 1].w = 0;
+      w->pending = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+int
+ev_clear_pending (EV_P_ void *w)
+{
+  W w_ = (W)w;
+  int pending = w_->pending;
+
+  if (expect_true (pending))
+    {
+      ANPENDING *p = pendings [ABSPRI (w_)] + pending - 1;
+      w_->pending = 0;
+      p->w = 0;
+      return p->events;
+    }
+  else
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+pri_adjust (EV_P_ W w)
+{
+  int pri = w->priority;
+  pri = pri < EV_MINPRI ? EV_MINPRI : pri;
+  pri = pri > EV_MAXPRI ? EV_MAXPRI : pri;
+  w->priority = pri;
+}
+
+void inline_speed
+ev_start (EV_P_ W w, int active)
+{
+  pri_adjust (EV_A_ w);
+  w->active = active;
+  ev_ref (EV_A);
+}
+
+void inline_size
+ev_stop (EV_P_ W w)
+{
+  ev_unref (EV_A);
+  w->active = 0;
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void noinline
+ev_io_start (EV_P_ ev_io *w)
+{
+  int fd = w->fd;
+
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  assert (("libev: ev_io_start called with negative fd", fd >= 0));
+  assert (("libev: ev_io start called with illegal event mask", !(w->events & ~(EV_IOFDSET | EV_READ | EV_WRITE))));
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+  array_needsize (ANFD, anfds, anfdmax, fd + 1, array_init_zero);
+  wlist_add (&anfds[fd].head, (WL)w);
+
+  fd_change (EV_A_ fd, w->events & EV_IOFDSET | 1);
+  w->events &= ~EV_IOFDSET;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_io_stop (EV_P_ ev_io *w)
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  assert (("libev: ev_io_stop called with illegal fd (must stay constant after start!)", w->fd >= 0 && w->fd < anfdmax));
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  wlist_del (&anfds[w->fd].head, (WL)w);
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  fd_change (EV_A_ w->fd, 1);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_timer_start (EV_P_ ev_timer *w)
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  ev_at (w) += mn_now;
+
+  assert (("libev: ev_timer_start called with negative timer repeat value", w->repeat >= 0.));
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ++timercnt;
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, timercnt + HEAP0 - 1);
+  array_needsize (ANHE, timers, timermax, ev_active (w) + 1, EMPTY2);
+  ANHE_w (timers [ev_active (w)]) = (WT)w;
+  ANHE_at_cache (timers [ev_active (w)]);
+  upheap (timers, ev_active (w));
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  /*assert (("libev: internal timer heap corruption", timers [ev_active (w)] == (WT)w));*/
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_timer_stop (EV_P_ ev_timer *w)
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    assert (("libev: internal timer heap corruption", ANHE_w (timers [active]) == (WT)w));
+
+    --timercnt;
+
+    if (expect_true (active < timercnt + HEAP0))
+      {
+        timers [active] = timers [timercnt + HEAP0];
+        adjustheap (timers, timercnt, active);
+      }
+  }
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_at (w) -= mn_now;
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_timer_again (EV_P_ ev_timer *w)
+{
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  if (ev_is_active (w))
+    {
+      if (w->repeat)
+        {
+          ev_at (w) = mn_now + w->repeat;
+          ANHE_at_cache (timers [ev_active (w)]);
+          adjustheap (timers, timercnt, ev_active (w));
+        }
+      else
+        ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ w);
+    }
+  else if (w->repeat)
+    {
+      ev_at (w) = w->repeat;
+      ev_timer_start (EV_A_ w);
+    }
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+void noinline
+ev_periodic_start (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w)
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  if (w->reschedule_cb)
+    ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
+  else if (w->interval)
+    {
+      assert (("libev: ev_periodic_start called with negative interval value", w->interval >= 0.));
+      /* this formula differs from the one in periodic_reify because we do not always round up */
+      ev_at (w) = w->offset + ceil ((ev_rt_now - w->offset) / w->interval) * w->interval;
+    }
+  else
+    ev_at (w) = w->offset;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ++periodiccnt;
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, periodiccnt + HEAP0 - 1);
+  array_needsize (ANHE, periodics, periodicmax, ev_active (w) + 1, EMPTY2);
+  ANHE_w (periodics [ev_active (w)]) = (WT)w;
+  ANHE_at_cache (periodics [ev_active (w)]);
+  upheap (periodics, ev_active (w));
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  /*assert (("libev: internal periodic heap corruption", ANHE_w (periodics [ev_active (w)]) == (WT)w));*/
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_periodic_stop (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w)
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    assert (("libev: internal periodic heap corruption", ANHE_w (periodics [active]) == (WT)w));
+
+    --periodiccnt;
+
+    if (expect_true (active < periodiccnt + HEAP0))
+      {
+        periodics [active] = periodics [periodiccnt + HEAP0];
+        adjustheap (periodics, periodiccnt, active);
+      }
+  }
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_periodic_again (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w)
+{
+  /* TODO: use adjustheap and recalculation */
+  ev_periodic_stop (EV_A_ w);
+  ev_periodic_start (EV_A_ w);
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SA_RESTART
+# define SA_RESTART 0
+#endif
+
+void noinline
+ev_signal_start (EV_P_ ev_signal *w)
+{
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  assert (("libev: signal watchers are only supported in the default loop", loop == ev_default_loop_ptr));
+#endif
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  assert (("libev: ev_signal_start called with illegal signal number", w->signum > 0));
+
+  evpipe_init (EV_A);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    sigset_t full, prev;
+    sigfillset (&full);
+    sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &full, &prev);
+#endif
+
+    array_needsize (ANSIG, signals, signalmax, w->signum, array_init_zero);
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &prev, 0);
+#endif
+  }
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+  wlist_add (&signals [w->signum - 1].head, (WL)w);
+
+  if (!((WL)w)->next)
+    {
+#if _WIN32
+      signal (w->signum, ev_sighandler);
+#else
+      struct sigaction sa;
+      sa.sa_handler = ev_sighandler;
+      sigfillset (&sa.sa_mask);
+      sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART; /* if restarting works we save one iteration */
+      sigaction (w->signum, &sa, 0);
+#endif
+    }
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_signal_stop (EV_P_ ev_signal *w)
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  wlist_del (&signals [w->signum - 1].head, (WL)w);
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  if (!signals [w->signum - 1].head)
+    signal (w->signum, SIG_DFL);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_child_start (EV_P_ ev_child *w)
+{
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  assert (("libev: child watchers are only supported in the default loop", loop == ev_default_loop_ptr));
+#endif
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+  wlist_add (&childs [w->pid & (EV_PID_HASHSIZE - 1)], (WL)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_child_stop (EV_P_ ev_child *w)
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  wlist_del (&childs [w->pid & (EV_PID_HASHSIZE - 1)], (WL)w);
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+#if EV_STAT_ENABLE
+
+# ifdef _WIN32
+#  undef lstat
+#  define lstat(a,b) _stati64 (a,b)
+# endif
+
+#define DEF_STAT_INTERVAL  5.0074891
+#define NFS_STAT_INTERVAL 30.1074891 /* for filesystems potentially failing inotify */
+#define MIN_STAT_INTERVAL  0.1074891
+
+static void noinline stat_timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w_, int revents);
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+# define EV_INOTIFY_BUFSIZE 8192
+
+static void noinline
+infy_add (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
+{
+  w->wd = inotify_add_watch (fs_fd, w->path, IN_ATTRIB | IN_DELETE_SELF | IN_MOVE_SELF | IN_MODIFY | IN_DONT_FOLLOW | IN_MASK_ADD);
+
+  if (w->wd < 0)
+    {
+      w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL;
+      ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer); /* this is not race-free, so we still need to recheck periodically */
+
+      /* monitor some parent directory for speedup hints */
+      /* note that exceeding the hardcoded path limit is not a correctness issue, */
+      /* but an efficiency issue only */
+      if ((errno == ENOENT || errno == EACCES) && strlen (w->path) < 4096)
+        {
+          char path [4096];
+          strcpy (path, w->path);
+
+          do
+            {
+              int mask = IN_MASK_ADD | IN_DELETE_SELF | IN_MOVE_SELF
+                       | (errno == EACCES ? IN_ATTRIB : IN_CREATE | IN_MOVED_TO);
+
+              char *pend = strrchr (path, '/');
+
+              if (!pend || pend == path)
+                break;
+
+              *pend = 0;
+              w->wd = inotify_add_watch (fs_fd, path, mask);
+            } 
+          while (w->wd < 0 && (errno == ENOENT || errno == EACCES));
+        }
+    }
+
+  if (w->wd >= 0)
+    {
+      wlist_add (&fs_hash [w->wd & (EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE - 1)].head, (WL)w);
+
+      /* now local changes will be tracked by inotify, but remote changes won't */
+      /* unless the filesystem it known to be local, we therefore still poll */
+      /* also do poll on <2.6.25, but with normal frequency */
+      struct statfs sfs;
+
+      if (fs_2625 && !statfs (w->path, &sfs))
+        if (sfs.f_type == 0x1373 /* devfs */
+            || sfs.f_type == 0xEF53 /* ext2/3 */
+            || sfs.f_type == 0x3153464a /* jfs */
+            || sfs.f_type == 0x52654973 /* reiser3 */
+            || sfs.f_type == 0x01021994 /* tempfs */
+            || sfs.f_type == 0x58465342 /* xfs */)
+          return;
+
+      w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : fs_2625 ? NFS_STAT_INTERVAL : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL;
+      ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
+    }
+}
+
+static void noinline
+infy_del (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
+{
+  int slot;
+  int wd = w->wd;
+
+  if (wd < 0)
+    return;
+
+  w->wd = -2;
+  slot = wd & (EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE - 1);
+  wlist_del (&fs_hash [slot].head, (WL)w);
+
+  /* remove this watcher, if others are watching it, they will rearm */
+  inotify_rm_watch (fs_fd, wd);
+}
+
+static void noinline
+infy_wd (EV_P_ int slot, int wd, struct inotify_event *ev)
+{
+  if (slot < 0)
+    /* overflow, need to check for all hash slots */
+    for (slot = 0; slot < EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE; ++slot)
+      infy_wd (EV_A_ slot, wd, ev);
+  else
+    {
+      WL w_;
+
+      for (w_ = fs_hash [slot & (EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE - 1)].head; w_; )
+        {
+          ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)w_;
+          w_ = w_->next; /* lets us remove this watcher and all before it */
+
+          if (w->wd == wd || wd == -1)
+            {
+              if (ev->mask & (IN_IGNORED | IN_UNMOUNT | IN_DELETE_SELF))
+                {
+                  wlist_del (&fs_hash [slot & (EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE - 1)].head, (WL)w);
+                  w->wd = -1;
+                  infy_add (EV_A_ w); /* re-add, no matter what */
+                }
+
+              stat_timer_cb (EV_A_ &w->timer, 0);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+infy_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
+{
+  char buf [EV_INOTIFY_BUFSIZE];
+  struct inotify_event *ev = (struct inotify_event *)buf;
+  int ofs;
+  int len = read (fs_fd, buf, sizeof (buf));
+
+  for (ofs = 0; ofs < len; ofs += sizeof (struct inotify_event) + ev->len)
+    infy_wd (EV_A_ ev->wd, ev->wd, ev);
+}
+
+void inline_size
+check_2625 (EV_P)
+{
+  /* kernels < 2.6.25 are borked
+   * http://www.ussg.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0711.3/1208.html
+   */
+  struct utsname buf;
+  int major, minor, micro;
+
+  if (uname (&buf))
+    return;
+
+  if (sscanf (buf.release, "%d.%d.%d", &major, &minor, &micro) != 3)
+    return;
+
+  if (major < 2
+      || (major == 2 && minor < 6)
+      || (major == 2 && minor == 6 && micro < 25))
+    return;
+
+  fs_2625 = 1;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+infy_init (EV_P)
+{
+  if (fs_fd != -2)
+    return;
+
+  fs_fd = -1;
+
+  check_2625 (EV_A);
+
+  fs_fd = inotify_init ();
+
+  if (fs_fd >= 0)
+    {
+      ev_io_init (&fs_w, infy_cb, fs_fd, EV_READ);
+      ev_set_priority (&fs_w, EV_MAXPRI);
+      ev_io_start (EV_A_ &fs_w);
+    }
+}
+
+void inline_size
+infy_fork (EV_P)
+{
+  int slot;
+
+  if (fs_fd < 0)
+    return;
+
+  close (fs_fd);
+  fs_fd = inotify_init ();
+
+  for (slot = 0; slot < EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE; ++slot)
+    {
+      WL w_ = fs_hash [slot].head;
+      fs_hash [slot].head = 0;
+
+      while (w_)
+        {
+          ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)w_;
+          w_ = w_->next; /* lets us add this watcher */
+
+          w->wd = -1;
+
+          if (fs_fd >= 0)
+            infy_add (EV_A_ w); /* re-add, no matter what */
+          else
+            ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+# define EV_LSTAT(p,b) _stati64 (p, b)
+#else
+# define EV_LSTAT(p,b) lstat (p, b)
+#endif
+
+void
+ev_stat_stat (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
+{
+  if (lstat (w->path, &w->attr) < 0)
+    w->attr.st_nlink = 0;
+  else if (!w->attr.st_nlink)
+    w->attr.st_nlink = 1;
+}
+
+static void noinline
+stat_timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w_, int revents)
+{
+  ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)(((char *)w_) - offsetof (ev_stat, timer));
+
+  /* we copy this here each the time so that */
+  /* prev has the old value when the callback gets invoked */
+  w->prev = w->attr;
+  ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w);
+
+  /* memcmp doesn't work on netbsd, they.... do stuff to their struct stat */
+  if (
+    w->prev.st_dev      != w->attr.st_dev
+    || w->prev.st_ino   != w->attr.st_ino
+    || w->prev.st_mode  != w->attr.st_mode
+    || w->prev.st_nlink != w->attr.st_nlink
+    || w->prev.st_uid   != w->attr.st_uid
+    || w->prev.st_gid   != w->attr.st_gid
+    || w->prev.st_rdev  != w->attr.st_rdev
+    || w->prev.st_size  != w->attr.st_size
+    || w->prev.st_atime != w->attr.st_atime
+    || w->prev.st_mtime != w->attr.st_mtime
+    || w->prev.st_ctime != w->attr.st_ctime
+  ) {
+      #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+        if (fs_fd >= 0)
+          {
+            infy_del (EV_A_ w);
+            infy_add (EV_A_ w);
+            ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w); /* avoid race... */
+          }
+      #endif
+
+      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ w, EV_STAT);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+ev_stat_start (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w);
+
+  if (w->interval < MIN_STAT_INTERVAL && w->interval)
+    w->interval = MIN_STAT_INTERVAL;
+
+  ev_timer_init (&w->timer, stat_timer_cb, 0., w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL);
+  ev_set_priority (&w->timer, ev_priority (w));
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+  infy_init (EV_A);
+
+  if (fs_fd >= 0)
+    infy_add (EV_A_ w);
+  else
+#endif
+    ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_stat_stop (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+  infy_del (EV_A_ w);
+#endif
+  ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &w->timer);
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+void
+ev_idle_start (EV_P_ ev_idle *w)
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  pri_adjust (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ++idlecnt [ABSPRI (w)];
+
+    ++idleall;
+    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, active);
+
+    array_needsize (ev_idle *, idles [ABSPRI (w)], idlemax [ABSPRI (w)], active, EMPTY2);
+    idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1] = w;
+  }
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_idle_stop (EV_P_ ev_idle *w)
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1] = idles [ABSPRI (w)][--idlecnt [ABSPRI (w)]];
+    ev_active (idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1]) = active;
+
+    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+    --idleall;
+  }
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+ev_prepare_start (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w)
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++preparecnt);
+  array_needsize (ev_prepare *, prepares, preparemax, preparecnt, EMPTY2);
+  prepares [preparecnt - 1] = w;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_prepare_stop (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w)
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    prepares [active - 1] = prepares [--preparecnt];
+    ev_active (prepares [active - 1]) = active;
+  }
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_check_start (EV_P_ ev_check *w)
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++checkcnt);
+  array_needsize (ev_check *, checks, checkmax, checkcnt, EMPTY2);
+  checks [checkcnt - 1] = w;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_check_stop (EV_P_ ev_check *w)
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    checks [active - 1] = checks [--checkcnt];
+    ev_active (checks [active - 1]) = active;
+  }
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+#if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
+void noinline
+ev_embed_sweep (EV_P_ ev_embed *w)
+{
+  ev_loop (w->other, EVLOOP_NONBLOCK);
+}
+
+static void
+embed_io_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *io, int revents)
+{
+  ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)io) - offsetof (ev_embed, io));
+
+  if (ev_cb (w))
+    ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_EMBED);
+  else
+    ev_loop (w->other, EVLOOP_NONBLOCK);
+}
+
+static void
+embed_prepare_cb (EV_P_ ev_prepare *prepare, int revents)
+{
+  ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)prepare) - offsetof (ev_embed, prepare));
+
+  {
+    struct ev_loop *loop = w->other;
+
+    while (fdchangecnt)
+      {
+        fd_reify (EV_A);
+        ev_loop (EV_A_ EVLOOP_NONBLOCK);
+      }
+  }
+}
+
+static void
+embed_fork_cb (EV_P_ ev_fork *fork_w, int revents)
+{
+  ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)fork_w) - offsetof (ev_embed, fork));
+
+  ev_embed_stop (EV_A_ w);
+
+  {
+    struct ev_loop *loop = w->other;
+
+    ev_loop_fork (EV_A);
+    ev_loop (EV_A_ EVLOOP_NONBLOCK);
+  }
+
+  ev_embed_start (EV_A_ w);
+}
+
+#if 0
+static void
+embed_idle_cb (EV_P_ ev_idle *idle, int revents)
+{
+  ev_idle_stop (EV_A_ idle);
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+ev_embed_start (EV_P_ ev_embed *w)
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  {
+    struct ev_loop *loop = w->other;
+    assert (("libev: loop to be embedded is not embeddable", backend & ev_embeddable_backends ()));
+    ev_io_init (&w->io, embed_io_cb, backend_fd, EV_READ);
+  }
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_set_priority (&w->io, ev_priority (w));
+  ev_io_start (EV_A_ &w->io);
+
+  ev_prepare_init (&w->prepare, embed_prepare_cb);
+  ev_set_priority (&w->prepare, EV_MINPRI);
+  ev_prepare_start (EV_A_ &w->prepare);
+
+  ev_fork_init (&w->fork, embed_fork_cb);
+  ev_fork_start (EV_A_ &w->fork);
+
+  /*ev_idle_init (&w->idle, e,bed_idle_cb);*/
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_embed_stop (EV_P_ ev_embed *w)
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_io_stop      (EV_A_ &w->io);
+  ev_prepare_stop (EV_A_ &w->prepare);
+  ev_fork_stop    (EV_A_ &w->fork);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+void
+ev_fork_start (EV_P_ ev_fork *w)
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++forkcnt);
+  array_needsize (ev_fork *, forks, forkmax, forkcnt, EMPTY2);
+  forks [forkcnt - 1] = w;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_fork_stop (EV_P_ ev_fork *w)
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    forks [active - 1] = forks [--forkcnt];
+    ev_active (forks [active - 1]) = active;
+  }
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+void
+ev_async_start (EV_P_ ev_async *w)
+{
+  if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  evpipe_init (EV_A);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++asynccnt);
+  array_needsize (ev_async *, asyncs, asyncmax, asynccnt, EMPTY2);
+  asyncs [asynccnt - 1] = w;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_async_stop (EV_P_ ev_async *w)
+{
+  clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+  if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+    return;
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+  {
+    int active = ev_active (w);
+
+    asyncs [active - 1] = asyncs [--asynccnt];
+    ev_active (asyncs [active - 1]) = active;
+  }
+
+  ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+  EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_async_send (EV_P_ ev_async *w)
+{
+  w->sent = 1;
+  evpipe_write (EV_A_ &gotasync);
+}
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+struct ev_once
+{
+  ev_io io;
+  ev_timer to;
+  void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg);
+  void *arg;
+};
+
+static void
+once_cb (EV_P_ struct ev_once *once, int revents)
+{
+  void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg) = once->cb;
+  void *arg = once->arg;
+
+  ev_io_stop    (EV_A_ &once->io);
+  ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &once->to);
+  ev_free (once);
+
+  cb (revents, arg);
+}
+
+static void
+once_cb_io (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
+{
+  struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)(((char *)w) - offsetof (struct ev_once, io));
+
+  once_cb (EV_A_ once, revents | ev_clear_pending (EV_A_ &once->to));
+}
+
+static void
+once_cb_to (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+{
+  struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)(((char *)w) - offsetof (struct ev_once, to));
+
+  once_cb (EV_A_ once, revents | ev_clear_pending (EV_A_ &once->io));
+}
+
+void
+ev_once (EV_P_ int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg), void *arg)
+{
+  struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct ev_once));
+
+  if (expect_false (!once))
+    {
+      cb (EV_ERROR | EV_READ | EV_WRITE | EV_TIMEOUT, arg);
+      return;
+    }
+
+  once->cb  = cb;
+  once->arg = arg;
+
+  ev_init (&once->io, once_cb_io);
+  if (fd >= 0)
+    {
+      ev_io_set (&once->io, fd, events);
+      ev_io_start (EV_A_ &once->io);
+    }
+
+  ev_init (&once->to, once_cb_to);
+  if (timeout >= 0.)
+    {
+      ev_timer_set (&once->to, timeout, 0.);
+      ev_timer_start (EV_A_ &once->to);
+    }
+}
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+  #include "ev_wrap.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+