RubyGems - wayfarer - Versions diffs - 0.4.8 → 0.4.9 - Mend

wayfarer 0.4.8 → 0.4.9

This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.

Files changed (610) hide show

data/spec/support/static/git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Graphical-Interfaces.html DELETED Viewed

@@ -1,931 +0,0 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="en">
-<head>
-  <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->
-  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-49925874-3"></script>
-  <script>
-    window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
-    function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
-    gtag('js', new Date());
-    gtag('config', 'UA-49925874-3');
-  </script>
-  <meta charset='utf-8'>
-  <meta content='IE=edge,chrome=1' http-equiv='X-UA-Compatible'>
-  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
-  <title>Git - Graphical Interfaces</title>
-  <link href='../../../favicon.ico' rel='shortcut icon' type='image/x-icon'>
-  <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="../../../assets/application-cafcf280f67db0e6d8168ba98a38da878769a9d5f37793b68ffb963a02d185e0.css" />
-  <script src="../../../assets/modernize-b3ebe0c31c24f230dc62179d3e1030d2e57a53b1668d9382c0a27dbd44a94beb.js"></script>
-  <!--[if (gte IE 6)&(lte IE 8)]>
-  <script src="/javascripts/selectivizr-min.js"></script>
-  <![endif]-->
-</head>
-<body id="documentation">
-  <div class="inner">
-    <header>
-  <a href="https://git-scm.com/"><img src="../../../images/logo@2x.png" width="110" height="46" alt="Git" /></a>
-  <span id="tagline"></span>
-  <script type="text/javascript">
-    var taglines = ["fast-version-control","everything-is-local","distributed-even-if-your-workflow-isnt","local-branching-on-the-cheap","distributed-is-the-new-centralized"];
-    var tagline = taglines[Math.floor(Math.random() * taglines.length)];
-    document.getElementById('tagline').innerHTML = '--' + tagline;
-  </script>
-  <form id="search" action="https://git-scm.com/search/results">
-    <input id="search-text" name="search" placeholder="Search entire site..." autocomplete="off" type="text" />
-  </form>
-  <div id="search-results"></div>
-</header>
-  </div> <!-- .inner -->
-    <div class="inner">
-      <div id="content-wrapper">
-        <button class="sidebar-btn"></button>
-<aside class="sidebar" id="sidebar">
-  <nav>
-    <ul>
-      <li>
-        <a href="https://git-scm.com/about">About</a>
-        <ul class="">
-          <li>
-            <a href="https://git-scm.com/about">Branching and Merging</a>
-          </li>
-          <li>
-            <a href="https://git-scm.com/about/small-and-fast">Small and Fast</a>
-          </li>
-          <li>
-            <a href="https://git-scm.com/about/distributed">Distributed</a>
-          </li>
-          <li>
-            <a href="https://git-scm.com/about/info-assurance">Data Assurance</a>
-          </li>
-          <li>
-            <a href="https://git-scm.com/about/staging-area">Staging Area</a>
-          </li>
-          <li>
-            <a href="https://git-scm.com/about/free-and-open-source">Free and Open Source</a>
-          </li>
-          <li>
-            <a href="https://git-scm.com/about/trademark">Trademark</a>
-          </li>
-        </ul>
-      </li>
-      <li>
-        <a class="active" href="https://git-scm.com/doc">Documentation</a>
-        <ul class="expanded">
-          <li>
-            <a href="https://git-scm.com/docs">Reference</a>
-          </li>
-          <li>
-            <a class="active" href="https://git-scm.com/book">Book</a>
-          </li>
-          <li>
-            <a href="https://git-scm.com/videos">Videos</a>
-          </li>
-          <li>
-            <a href="https://git-scm.com/doc/ext">External Links</a>
-          </li>
-        </ul>
-      </li>
-      <li>
-        <a href="https://git-scm.com/downloads">Downloads</a>
-        <ul class="">
-          <li>
-            <a href="https://git-scm.com/downloads/guis">GUI Clients</a>
-          </li>
-          <li>
-            <a href="https://git-scm.com/downloads/logos">Logos</a>
-          </li>
-        </ul>
-      </li>
-      <li>
-        <a href="https://git-scm.com/community">Community</a>
-      </li>
-    </ul>
-      <hr class="sidebar">
-        <p>
-This book is available in
-  <a href="https://git-scm.com/book/en">English</a>.
-</p>
-<p>
-  Full translation available in
-  <table>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/az">azərbaycan dili</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/bg">български език</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/de">Deutsch</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/es">Español</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/fr">Français</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/gr">Ελληνικά</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/ja">日本語</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/ko">한국어</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/nl">Nederlands</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/ru">Русский</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/sl">Slovenščina</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/tl">Tagalog</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/uk">Українська</a></td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/zh">简体中文</a>,</td></tr>
-  </table>
-</p>
-<p>
-  Partial translations available in
-  <table>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/cs">Čeština</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/mk">Македонски</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/pl">Polski</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/sr">Српски</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/uz">Ўзбекча</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/zh-tw">繁體中文</a>,</td></tr>
-  </table>
-</p>
-<p>
-  Translations started for
-  <table>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/be">Беларуская</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/fa" dir="rtl">فارسی</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/id">Indonesian</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/it">Italiano</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/ms">Bahasa Melayu</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/pt-br">Português (Brasil)</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/pt-pt">Português (Portugal)</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/sv">Svenska</a>,</td></tr>
-    <tr><td><a href="https://git-scm.com/book/tr">Türkçe</a>.</td></tr>
-  </table>
-</p>
-<hr class="sidebar"/>
-<p>
-The source of this book is <a href="https://github.com/progit/progit2">hosted on GitHub.</a></br>
-Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome.
-</p>
-  </nav>
-</aside>
-        <div id="content">
-<div id='book-chapters'>
-  <a class="dropdown-trigger" id="book-chapters-trigger" data-panel-id="chapters-dropdown" href="./Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Graphical-Interfaces.html#">Chapters ▾</a>
-<div class='dropdown-panel' id='chapters-dropdown'>
-  <div class="three-column">
-    <div class='column-left'>
-      <ol class='book-toc'>
-  <li class='chapter'>
-  <h2>1. <a href="ch00/ch01-getting-started.html">Getting Started</a></h2>
-    <ol>
-        <li>
-          1.1
-          <a href="ch00/ch01-getting-started.html" >About Version Control </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          1.2
-          <a href="Getting-Started-A-Short-History-of-Git.html" >A Short History of Git </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          1.3
-          <a href="ch00/what_is_git_section.html" >What is Git? </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          1.4
-          <a href="Getting-Started-The-Command-Line.html" >The Command Line </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          1.5
-          <a href="Getting-Started-Installing-Git.html" >Installing Git </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          1.6
-          <a href="ch00/_editor.html" >First-Time Git Setup </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          1.7
-          <a href="ch00/_git_help.html" >Getting Help </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          1.8
-          <a href="Getting-Started-Summary.html" >Summary </a>
-        </li>
-    </ol>
-  </li>
-  <li class='chapter'>
-  <h2>2. <a href="ch00/_git_cloning.html">Git Basics</a></h2>
-    <ol>
-        <li>
-          2.1
-          <a href="ch00/_git_cloning.html" >Getting a Git Repository </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          2.2
-          <a href="ch00/_git_mv.html" >Recording Changes to the Repository </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          2.3
-          <a href="ch00/_viewing_history.html" >Viewing the Commit History </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          2.4
-          <a href="ch00/_unstaging.html" >Undoing Things </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          2.5
-          <a href="ch00/_remote_repos.html" >Working with Remotes </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          2.6
-          <a href="ch00/_annotated_tags.html" >Tagging </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          2.7
-          <a href="ch00/_git_aliases.html" >Git Aliases </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          2.8
-          <a href="Git-Basics-Summary.html" >Summary </a>
-        </li>
-    </ol>
-  </li>
-  <li class='chapter'>
-  <h2>3. <a href="ch00/_switching_branches.html">Git Branching</a></h2>
-    <ol>
-        <li>
-          3.1
-          <a href="ch00/_switching_branches.html" >Branches in a Nutshell </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          3.2
-          <a href="ch00/_basic_branching.html" >Basic Branching and Merging </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          3.3
-          <a href="ch00/_branch_management.html" >Branch Management </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          3.4
-          <a href="ch00/_topic_branch.html" >Branching Workflows </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          3.5
-          <a href="ch00/_delete_branches.html" >Remote Branches </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          3.6
-          <a href="ch00/_rebase_rebase.html" >Rebasing </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          3.7
-          <a href="Git-Branching-Summary.html" >Summary </a>
-        </li>
-    </ol>
-  </li>
-  <li class='chapter'>
-  <h2>4. <a href="Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols.html">Git on the Server</a></h2>
-    <ol>
-        <li>
-          4.1
-          <a href="Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols.html" >The Protocols </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          4.2
-          <a href="ch00/_bare_repo.html" >Getting Git on a Server </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          4.3
-          <a href="ch00/_generate_ssh_key.html" >Generating Your SSH Public Key </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          4.4
-          <a href="ch00/_setting_up_server.html" >Setting Up the Server </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          4.5
-          <a href="Git-on-the-Server-Git-Daemon.html" >Git Daemon </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          4.6
-          <a href="Git-on-the-Server-Smart-HTTP.html" >Smart HTTP </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          4.7
-          <a href="Git-on-the-Server-GitWeb.html" >GitWeb </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          4.8
-          <a href="ch00/_gitlab_groups_section.html" >GitLab </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          4.9
-          <a href="Git-on-the-Server-Third-Party-Hosted-Options.html" >Third Party Hosted Options </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          4.10
-          <a href="Git-on-the-Server-Summary.html" >Summary </a>
-        </li>
-    </ol>
-  </li>
-  <li class='chapter'>
-  <h2>5. <a href="ch00/_integration_manager.html">Distributed Git</a></h2>
-    <ol>
-        <li>
-          5.1
-          <a href="ch00/_integration_manager.html" >Distributed Workflows </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          5.2
-          <a href="ch00/_project_over_email.html" >Contributing to a Project </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          5.3
-          <a href="ch00/_git_am.html" >Maintaining a Project </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          5.4
-          <a href="Distributed-Git-Summary.html" >Summary </a>
-        </li>
-    </ol>
-  </li>
-</ol>
-    </div>
-    <div class='column-middle'>
-      <ol class='book-toc'>
-  <li class='chapter'>
-  <h2>6. <a href="ch00/_personal_avatar.html">GitHub</a></h2>
-    <ol>
-        <li>
-          6.1
-          <a href="ch00/_personal_avatar.html" >Account Setup and Configuration </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          6.2
-          <a href="ch00/_fetch_and_push_on_different_repositories.html" >Contributing to a Project </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          6.3
-          <a href="ch00/_email_notifications.html" >Maintaining a Project </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          6.4
-          <a href="ch00/_team_page.html" >Managing an organization </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          6.5
-          <a href="ch00/_commit_status.html" >Scripting GitHub </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          6.6
-          <a href="GitHub-Summary.html" >Summary </a>
-        </li>
-    </ol>
-  </li>
-  <li class='chapter'>
-  <h2>7. <a href="ch00/_git_reflog.html">Git Tools</a></h2>
-    <ol>
-        <li>
-          7.1
-          <a href="ch00/_git_reflog.html" >Revision Selection </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          7.2
-          <a href="ch00/_interactive_staging.html" >Interactive Staging </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          7.3
-          <a href="ch00/_git_clean.html" >Stashing and Cleaning </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          7.4
-          <a href="ch00/_signing_commits.html" >Signing Your Work </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          7.5
-          <a href="ch00/_git_grep.html" >Searching </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          7.6
-          <a href="ch00/_removing_file_every_commit.html" >Rewriting History </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          7.7
-          <a href="ch00/_the_index.html" >Reset Demystified </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          7.8
-          <a href="ch00/_reverse_commit.html" >Advanced Merging </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          7.9
-          <a href="ch00/ref_rerere.html" >Rerere </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          7.10
-          <a href="ch00/_file_annotation.html" >Debugging with Git </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          7.11
-          <a href="ch00/_publishing_submodules.html" >Submodules </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          7.12
-          <a href="ch00/_bundling.html" >Bundling </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          7.13
-          <a href="ch00/_replace.html" >Replace </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          7.14
-          <a href="ch00/_credential_caching.html" >Credential Storage </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          7.15
-          <a href="Git-Tools-Summary.html" >Summary </a>
-        </li>
-    </ol>
-  </li>
-  <li class='chapter'>
-  <h2>8. <a href="ch00/_external_merge_tools.html">Customizing Git</a></h2>
-    <ol>
-        <li>
-          8.1
-          <a href="ch00/_external_merge_tools.html" >Git Configuration </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          8.2
-          <a href="ch00/_keyword_expansion.html" >Git Attributes </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          8.3
-          <a href="ch00/_email_hooks.html" >Git Hooks </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          8.4
-          <a href="ch00/_enforcing_commit_message_format.html" >An Example Git-Enforced Policy </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          8.5
-          <a href="Customizing-Git-Summary.html" >Summary </a>
-        </li>
-    </ol>
-  </li>
-  <li class='chapter'>
-  <h2>9. <a href="ch00/_git_svn.html">Git and Other Systems</a></h2>
-    <ol>
-        <li>
-          9.1
-          <a href="ch00/_git_svn.html" >Git as a Client </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          9.2
-          <a href="ch00/_git_p4.html" >Migrating to Git </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          9.3
-          <a href="Git-and-Other-Systems-Summary.html" >Summary </a>
-        </li>
-    </ol>
-  </li>
-  <li class='chapter'>
-  <h2>10. <a href="ch00/_plumbing_porcelain.html">Git Internals</a></h2>
-    <ol>
-        <li>
-          10.1
-          <a href="ch00/_plumbing_porcelain.html" >Plumbing and Porcelain </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          10.2
-          <a href="ch00/_git_commit_objects.html" >Git Objects </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          10.3
-          <a href="ch00/ref_the_ref.html" >Git References </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          10.4
-          <a href="Git-Internals-Packfiles.html" >Packfiles </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          10.5
-          <a href="ch00/_pushing_refspecs.html" >The Refspec </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          10.6
-          <a href="Git-Internals-Transfer-Protocols.html" >Transfer Protocols </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          10.7
-          <a href="ch00/_git_gc.html" >Maintenance and Data Recovery </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          10.8
-          <a href="Git-Internals-Environment-Variables.html" >Environment Variables </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          10.9
-          <a href="Git-Internals-Summary.html" >Summary </a>
-        </li>
-    </ol>
-  </li>
-</ol>
-    </div>
-    <div class='column-right'>
-      <ol class='book-toc'>
-  <li class='chapter'>
-  <h2>A1. <a href="./Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Graphical-Interfaces.html">Appendix A: Git in Other Environments</a></h2>
-    <ol>
-        <li>
-          A1.1
-          <a href="./Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Graphical-Interfaces.html" class=active>Graphical Interfaces </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A1.2
-          <a href="./Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Visual-Studio.html" >Git in Visual Studio </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A1.3
-          <a href="./Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Visual-Studio-Code.html" >Git in Visual Studio Code </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A1.4
-          <a href="./Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-IntelliJ-%252F-PyCharm-%252F-WebStorm-%252F-PhpStorm-%252F-RubyMine.html" >Git in IntelliJ / PyCharm / WebStorm / PhpStorm / RubyMine </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A1.5
-          <a href="./Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Sublime-Text.html" >Git in Sublime Text </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A1.6
-          <a href="./Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Bash.html" >Git in Bash </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A1.7
-          <a href="ch00/oh_my_zsh_git.html" >Git in Zsh </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A1.8
-          <a href="./Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-PowerShell.html" >Git in PowerShell </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A1.9
-          <a href="./Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Summary.html" >Summary </a>
-        </li>
-    </ol>
-  </li>
-  <li class='chapter'>
-  <h2>A2. <a href="./Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Command-line-Git.html">Appendix B: Embedding Git in your Applications</a></h2>
-    <ol>
-        <li>
-          A2.1
-          <a href="./Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Command-line-Git.html" >Command-line Git </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A2.2
-          <a href="ch00/_libgit2_bindings.html" >Libgit2 </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A2.3
-          <a href="./Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-JGit.html" >JGit </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A2.4
-          <a href="./Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-go-git.html" >go-git </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A2.5
-          <a href="./Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Dulwich.html" >Dulwich </a>
-        </li>
-    </ol>
-  </li>
-  <li class='chapter'>
-  <h2>A3. <a href="ch00/ch_core_editor.html">Appendix C: Git Commands</a></h2>
-    <ol>
-        <li>
-          A3.1
-          <a href="ch00/ch_core_editor.html" >Setup and Config </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A3.2
-          <a href="./Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Getting-and-Creating-Projects.html" >Getting and Creating Projects </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A3.3
-          <a href="./Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Basic-Snapshotting.html" >Basic Snapshotting </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A3.4
-          <a href="./Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Branching-and-Merging.html" >Branching and Merging </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A3.5
-          <a href="./Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Sharing-and-Updating-Projects.html" >Sharing and Updating Projects </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A3.6
-          <a href="./Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Inspection-and-Comparison.html" >Inspection and Comparison </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A3.7
-          <a href="./Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Debugging.html" >Debugging </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A3.8
-          <a href="./Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Patching.html" >Patching </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A3.9
-          <a href="./Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Email.html" >Email </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A3.10
-          <a href="./Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-External-Systems.html" >External Systems </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A3.11
-          <a href="./Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Administration.html" >Administration </a>
-        </li>
-        <li>
-          A3.12
-          <a href="./Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Plumbing-Commands.html" >Plumbing Commands </a>
-        </li>
-    </ol>
-  </li>
-</ol>
-    </div>
-  </div>
- </div>
-    <span class="light" id="edition">
-      2nd Edition
-    </span>
-</div>
-<div id='main' class="book edition2">
-    <h1>A1.1 Appendix A: Git in Other Environments - Graphical Interfaces</h1>
-  <div><p>If you read through the whole book, you’ve learned a lot about how to use Git at the command line.
-You can work with local files, connect your repository to others over a network, and work effectively with others.
-But the story doesn’t end there; Git is usually used as part of a larger ecosystem, and the terminal isn’t always the best way to work with it.
-Now we’ll take a look at some of the other kinds of environments where Git can be useful, and how other applications (including yours) work alongside Git.</p>
-<h2 id="_graphical_interfaces">Graphical Interfaces</h2>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>
-Git’s native environment is in the terminal.
-New features show up there first, and only at the command line is the full power of Git completely at your disposal.
-But plain text isn’t the best choice for all tasks; sometimes a visual representation is what you need, and some users are much more comfortable with a point-and-click interface.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>It’s important to note that different interfaces are tailored for different workflows.
-Some clients expose only a carefully curated subset of Git functionality, in order to support a specific way of working that the author considers effective.
-When viewed in this light, none of these tools can be called “better” than any of the others, they’re simply more fit for their intended purpose.
-Also note that there’s nothing these graphical clients can do that the command-line client can’t; the command-line is still where you’ll have the most power and control when working with your repositories.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="sect3">
-<h3 id="_gitk_and_git_gui">
-<code>gitk</code> and <code>git-gui</code>
-</h3>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>
-When you install Git, you also get its visual tools, <code>gitk</code> and <code>git-gui</code>.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p><code>gitk</code> is a graphical history viewer.
-Think of it like a powerful GUI shell over <code>git log</code> and <code>git grep</code>.
-This is the tool to use when you’re trying to find something that happened in the past, or visualize your project’s history.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>Gitk is easiest to invoke from the command-line.
-Just <code>cd</code> into a Git repository, and type:</p>
-</div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="content">
-<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-console" data-lang="console">$ gitk [git log options]</code></pre>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>Gitk accepts many command-line options, most of which are passed through to the underlying <code>git log</code> action.
-Probably one of the most useful is the <code>--all</code> flag, which tells gitk to show commits reachable from <em>any</em> ref, not just HEAD.
-Gitk’s interface looks like this:</p>
-</div>
-<div class="imageblock">
-<div class="content">
-<img src="images/gitk.png" alt="The `gitk` history viewer">
-</div>
-<div class="title">Figure 151. The <code>gitk</code> history viewer</div>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>On the top is something that looks a bit like the output of <code>git log --graph</code>; each dot represents a commit, the lines represent parent relationships, and refs are shown as colored boxes.
-The yellow dot represents HEAD, and the red dot represents changes that are yet to become a commit.
-At the bottom is a view of the selected commit; the comments and patch on the left, and a summary view on the right.
-In between is a collection of controls used for searching history.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p><code>git-gui</code>, on the other hand, is primarily a tool for crafting commits.
-It, too, is easiest to invoke from the command line:</p>
-</div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="content">
-<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-console" data-lang="console">$ git gui</code></pre>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>And it looks something like this:</p>
-</div>
-<div class="imageblock">
-<div class="content">
-<img src="images/git-gui.png" alt="The `git-gui` commit tool">
-</div>
-<div class="title">Figure 152. The <code>git-gui</code> commit tool</div>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>On the left is the index; unstaged changes are on top, staged changes on the bottom.
-You can move entire files between the two states by clicking on their icons, or you can select a file for viewing by clicking on its name.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>At top right is the diff view, which shows the changes for the currently-selected file.
-You can stage individual hunks (or individual lines) by right-clicking in this area.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>At the bottom right is the message and action area.
-Type your message into the text box and click “Commit” to do something similar to <code>git commit</code>.
-You can also choose to amend the last commit by choosing the “Amend” radio button, which will update the “Staged Changes” area with the contents of the last commit.
-Then you can simply stage or unstage some changes, alter the commit message, and click “Commit” again to replace the old commit with a new one.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p><code>gitk</code> and <code>git-gui</code> are examples of task-oriented tools.
-Each of them is tailored for a specific purpose (viewing history and creating commits, respectively), and omit the features not necessary for that task.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect3">
-<h3 id="_github_for_macos_and_windows">GitHub for macOS and Windows</h3>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>
-GitHub has created two workflow-oriented Git clients: one for Windows, and one for macOS.
-These clients are a good example of workflow-oriented tools – rather than expose <em>all</em> of Git’s functionality, they instead focus on a curated set of commonly-used features that work well together.
-They look like this:</p>
-</div>
-<div class="imageblock">
-<div class="content">
-<img src="images/github_mac.png" alt="GitHub for macOS">
-</div>
-<div class="title">Figure 153. GitHub for macOS</div>
-</div>
-<div class="imageblock">
-<div class="content">
-<img src="images/github_win.png" alt="GitHub for Windows">
-</div>
-<div class="title">Figure 154. GitHub for Windows</div>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>They are designed to look and work very much alike, so we’ll treat them like a single product in this chapter.
-We won’t be doing a detailed rundown of these tools (they have their own documentation), but a quick tour of the “changes” view (which is where you’ll spend most of your time) is in order.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="ulist">
-<ul>
-<li>
-<p>On the left is the list of repositories the client is tracking; you can add a repository (either by cloning or attaching locally) by clicking the “+” icon at the top of this area.</p>
-</li>
-<li>
-<p>In the center is a commit-input area, which lets you input a commit message, and select which files should be included.
-On Windows, the commit history is displayed directly below this; on macOS, it’s on a separate tab.</p>
-</li>
-<li>
-<p>On the right is a diff view, which shows what’s changed in your working directory, or which changes were included in the selected commit.</p>
-</li>
-<li>
-<p>The last thing to notice is the “Sync” button at the top-right, which is the primary way you interact over the network.</p>
-</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-<div class="admonitionblock note">
-<table>
-<tr>
-<td class="icon">
-<div class="title">Note</div>
-</td>
-<td class="content">
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>You don’t need a GitHub account to use these tools.
-While they’re designed to highlight GitHub’s service and recommended workflow, they will happily work with any repository, and do network operations with any Git host.</p>
-</div>
-</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-<div class="sect4">
-<h4 id="_installation_2">Installation</h4>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>GitHub for Windows can be downloaded from <a href="https://windows.github.com" class="bare">https://windows.github.com</a>, and GitHub for macOS from <a href="https://mac.github.com" class="bare">https://mac.github.com</a>.
-When the applications are first run, they walk you through all the first-time Git setup, such as configuring your name and email address, and both set up sane defaults for many common configuration options, such as credential caches and CRLF behavior.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>Both are “evergreen” – updates are downloaded and installed in the background while the applications are open.
-This helpfully includes a bundled version of Git, which means you probably won’t have to worry about manually updating it again.
-On Windows, the client includes a shortcut to launch PowerShell with Posh-git, which we’ll talk more about later in this chapter.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>The next step is to give the tool some repositories to work with.
-The client shows you a list of the repositories you have access to on GitHub, and can clone them in one step.
-If you already have a local repository, just drag its directory from the Finder or Windows Explorer into the GitHub client window, and it will be included in the list of repositories on the left.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect4">
-<h4 id="_recommended_workflow">Recommended Workflow</h4>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>Once it’s installed and configured, you can use the GitHub client for many common Git tasks.
-The intended workflow for this tool is sometimes called the “GitHub Flow.”
-We cover this in more detail in <a href="ch00/ch06-github_flow.html">The GitHub Flow</a>, but the general gist is that (a) you’ll be committing to a branch, and (b) you’ll be syncing up with a remote repository fairly regularly.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>Branch management is one of the areas where the two tools diverge.
-On macOS, there’s a button at the top of the window for creating a new branch:</p>
-</div>
-<div class="imageblock">
-<div class="content">
-<img src="images/branch_widget_mac.png" alt="“Create Branch” button on macOS">
-</div>
-<div class="title">Figure 155. “Create Branch” button on macOS</div>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>On Windows, this is done by typing the new branch’s name in the branch-switching widget:</p>
-</div>
-<div class="imageblock">
-<div class="content">
-<img src="images/branch_widget_win.png" alt="Creating a branch on Windows">
-</div>
-<div class="title">Figure 156. Creating a branch on Windows</div>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>Once your branch is created, making new commits is fairly straightforward.
-Make some changes in your working directory, and when you switch to the GitHub client window, it will show you which files changed.
-Enter a commit message, select the files you’d like to include, and click the “Commit” button (ctrl-enter or ⌘-enter).</p>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>The main way you interact with other repositories over the network is through the “Sync” feature.
-Git internally has separate operations for pushing, fetching, merging, and rebasing, but the GitHub clients collapse all of these into one multi-step feature.
-Here’s what happens when you click the Sync button:</p>
-</div>
-<div class="olist arabic">
-<ol class="arabic">
-<li>
-<p><code>git pull --rebase</code>.
-If this fails because of a merge conflict, fall back to <code>git pull --no-rebase</code>.</p>
-</li>
-<li>
-<p><code>git push</code>.</p>
-</li>
-</ol>
-</div>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>This is the most common sequence of network commands when working in this style, so squashing them into one command saves a lot of time.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect4">
-<h4 id="_summary_14">Summary</h4>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>These tools are very well-suited for the workflow they’re designed for.
-Developers and non-developers alike can be collaborating on a project within minutes, and many of the best practices for this kind of workflow are baked into the tools.
-However, if your workflow is different, or you want more control over how and when network operations are done, we recommend you use another client or the command line.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect3">
-<h3 id="_other_guis">Other GUIs</h3>
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>There are a number of other graphical Git clients, and they run the gamut from specialized, single-purpose tools all the way to apps that try to expose everything Git can do.
-The official Git website has a curated list of the most popular clients at <a href="https://git-scm.com/downloads/guis" class="bare">https://git-scm.com/downloads/guis</a>.
-A more comprehensive list is available on the Git wiki site, at <a href="https://git.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Interfaces,_frontends,_and_tools#Graphical_Interfaces" class="bare">https://git.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Interfaces,_frontends,_and_tools#Graphical_Interfaces</a>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="nav"><a href="https://git-scm.com/book">prev</a> | <a href="./Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Visual-Studio.html">next</a></div></div>
-</div>
-        </div>
-      </div>
-      <footer>
-  <div class="site-source">
-    <a href="https://git-scm.com/site">About this site</a><br>
-    Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome.
-  </div>
-  <div class="sfc-member">
-    Git is a member of <a href="https://git-scm.com/sfc">Software Freedom Conservancy</a>
-  </div>
-</footer>
-<a href="./Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Graphical-Interfaces.html#top" class="no-js scrollToTop" id="scrollToTop" data-label="Scroll to top">
-  <img src="../../../images/icons/chevron-up@2x.png" width="20" height="20" alt="scroll-to-top"/>
-</a>
-<script src="../../../assets/application-38b0d42ff05ffea45841edebbd14b75b89585646153808e82907c2c5c11f324b.js"></script>
-    </div>
-</body>
-</html>