wasmtime 11.0.0 → 12.0.1

data/ext/cargo-vendor/wasmtime-component-macro-12.0.1/src/component.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,1319 @@
+use proc_macro2::TokenStream;
+use quote::{format_ident, quote};
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+use std::fmt;
+use syn::parse::{Parse, ParseStream};
+use syn::punctuated::Punctuated;
+use syn::{braced, parse_quote, Data, DeriveInput, Error, Result, Token};
+use wasmtime_component_util::{DiscriminantSize, FlagsSize};
+
+mod kw {
+    syn::custom_keyword!(record);
+    syn::custom_keyword!(variant);
+    syn::custom_keyword!(flags);
+    syn::custom_keyword!(name);
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+pub enum VariantStyle {
+    Variant,
+    Enum,
+    Union,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for VariantStyle {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        f.write_str(match self {
+            Self::Variant => "variant",
+            Self::Enum => "enum",
+            Self::Union => "union",
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+enum Style {
+    Record,
+    Variant(VariantStyle),
+}
+
+fn find_style(input: &DeriveInput) -> Result<Style> {
+    let mut style = None;
+
+    for attribute in &input.attrs {
+        if !attribute.path().is_ident("component") {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let attr_style = attribute.parse_args()?;
+
+        if style.is_some() {
+            return Err(Error::new_spanned(
+                attribute,
+                "duplicate `component` attribute",
+            ));
+        }
+        style = Some(attr_style);
+    }
+
+    style.ok_or_else(|| Error::new_spanned(input, "missing `component` attribute"))
+}
+
+impl Parse for Style {
+    fn parse(input: ParseStream) -> Result<Self> {
+        let lookahead = input.lookahead1();
+        if lookahead.peek(kw::record) {
+            input.parse::<kw::record>()?;
+            Ok(Style::Record)
+        } else if lookahead.peek(kw::variant) {
+            input.parse::<kw::variant>()?;
+            Ok(Style::Variant(VariantStyle::Variant))
+        } else if lookahead.peek(Token![enum]) {
+            input.parse::<Token![enum]>()?;
+            Ok(Style::Variant(VariantStyle::Enum))
+        } else if lookahead.peek(Token![union]) {
+            input.parse::<Token![union]>()?;
+            Ok(Style::Variant(VariantStyle::Union))
+        } else if input.peek(kw::flags) {
+            Err(input.error(
+                "`flags` not allowed here; \
+                 use `wasmtime::component::flags!` macro to define `flags` types",
+            ))
+        } else {
+            Err(lookahead.error())
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn find_rename(attributes: &[syn::Attribute]) -> Result<Option<syn::LitStr>> {
+    let mut name = None;
+
+    for attribute in attributes {
+        if !attribute.path().is_ident("component") {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let name_literal = attribute.parse_args_with(|parser: ParseStream<'_>| {
+            parser.parse::<kw::name>()?;
+            parser.parse::<Token![=]>()?;
+            parser.parse::<syn::LitStr>()
+        })?;
+
+        if name.is_some() {
+            return Err(Error::new_spanned(
+                attribute,
+                "duplicate field rename attribute",
+            ));
+        }
+
+        name = Some(name_literal);
+    }
+
+    Ok(name)
+}
+
+fn add_trait_bounds(generics: &syn::Generics, bound: syn::TypeParamBound) -> syn::Generics {
+    let mut generics = generics.clone();
+    for param in &mut generics.params {
+        if let syn::GenericParam::Type(ref mut type_param) = *param {
+            type_param.bounds.push(bound.clone());
+        }
+    }
+    generics
+}
+
+pub struct VariantCase<'a> {
+    attrs: &'a [syn::Attribute],
+    ident: &'a syn::Ident,
+    ty: Option<&'a syn::Type>,
+}
+
+pub trait Expander {
+    fn expand_record(
+        &self,
+        name: &syn::Ident,
+        generics: &syn::Generics,
+        fields: &[&syn::Field],
+    ) -> Result<TokenStream>;
+
+    fn expand_variant(
+        &self,
+        name: &syn::Ident,
+        generics: &syn::Generics,
+        discriminant_size: DiscriminantSize,
+        cases: &[VariantCase],
+        style: VariantStyle,
+    ) -> Result<TokenStream>;
+}
+
+pub fn expand(expander: &dyn Expander, input: &DeriveInput) -> Result<TokenStream> {
+    match find_style(input)? {
+        Style::Record => expand_record(expander, input),
+        Style::Variant(style) => expand_variant(expander, input, style),
+    }
+}
+
+fn expand_record(expander: &dyn Expander, input: &DeriveInput) -> Result<TokenStream> {
+    let name = &input.ident;
+
+    let body = if let Data::Struct(body) = &input.data {
+        body
+    } else {
+        return Err(Error::new(
+            name.span(),
+            "`record` component types can only be derived for Rust `struct`s",
+        ));
+    };
+
+    match &body.fields {
+        syn::Fields::Named(fields) => expander.expand_record(
+            &input.ident,
+            &input.generics,
+            &fields.named.iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        ),
+
+        syn::Fields::Unnamed(_) | syn::Fields::Unit => Err(Error::new(
+            name.span(),
+            "`record` component types can only be derived for `struct`s with named fields",
+        )),
+    }
+}
+
+fn expand_variant(
+    expander: &dyn Expander,
+    input: &DeriveInput,
+    style: VariantStyle,
+) -> Result<TokenStream> {
+    let name = &input.ident;
+
+    let body = if let Data::Enum(body) = &input.data {
+        body
+    } else {
+        return Err(Error::new(
+            name.span(),
+            format!(
+                "`{}` component types can only be derived for Rust `enum`s",
+                style
+            ),
+        ));
+    };
+
+    if body.variants.is_empty() {
+        return Err(Error::new(
+            name.span(),
+            format!("`{}` component types can only be derived for Rust `enum`s with at least one variant", style),
+        ));
+    }
+
+    let discriminant_size = DiscriminantSize::from_count(body.variants.len()).ok_or_else(|| {
+        Error::new(
+            input.ident.span(),
+            "`enum`s with more than 2^32 variants are not supported",
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    let cases = body
+        .variants
+        .iter()
+        .map(
+            |syn::Variant {
+                 attrs,
+                 ident,
+                 fields,
+                 ..
+             }| {
+                Ok(VariantCase {
+                    attrs,
+                    ident,
+                    ty: match fields {
+                        syn::Fields::Unnamed(fields) if fields.unnamed.len() == 1 => {
+                            Some(&fields.unnamed[0].ty)
+                        }
+                        syn::Fields::Unit => None,
+                        _ => {
+                            return Err(Error::new(
+                                name.span(),
+                                format!(
+                                    "`{}` component types can only be derived for Rust `enum`s \
+                                     containing variants with {}",
+                                    style,
+                                    match style {
+                                        VariantStyle::Variant => "at most one unnamed field each",
+                                        VariantStyle::Enum => "no fields",
+                                        VariantStyle::Union => "exactly one unnamed field each",
+                                    }
+                                ),
+                            ))
+                        }
+                    },
+                })
+            },
+        )
+        .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?;
+
+    expander.expand_variant(
+        &input.ident,
+        &input.generics,
+        discriminant_size,
+        &cases,
+        style,
+    )
+}
+
+fn expand_record_for_component_type(
+    name: &syn::Ident,
+    generics: &syn::Generics,
+    fields: &[&syn::Field],
+    typecheck: TokenStream,
+    typecheck_argument: TokenStream,
+) -> Result<TokenStream> {
+    let internal = quote!(wasmtime::component::__internal);
+
+    let mut lower_generic_params = TokenStream::new();
+    let mut lower_generic_args = TokenStream::new();
+    let mut lower_field_declarations = TokenStream::new();
+    let mut abi_list = TokenStream::new();
+    let mut unique_types = HashSet::new();
+
+    for (index, syn::Field { ident, ty, .. }) in fields.iter().enumerate() {
+        let generic = format_ident!("T{}", index);
+
+        lower_generic_params.extend(quote!(#generic: Copy,));
+        lower_generic_args.extend(quote!(<#ty as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::Lower,));
+
+        lower_field_declarations.extend(quote!(#ident: #generic,));
+
+        abi_list.extend(quote!(
+            <#ty as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::ABI,
+        ));
+
+        unique_types.insert(ty);
+    }
+
+    let generics = add_trait_bounds(generics, parse_quote!(wasmtime::component::ComponentType));
+    let (impl_generics, ty_generics, where_clause) = generics.split_for_impl();
+    let lower = format_ident!("Lower{}", name);
+
+    // You may wonder why we make the types of all the fields of the #lower struct generic.  This is to work
+    // around the lack of [perfect derive support in
+    // rustc](https://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps//blog/2022/04/12/implied-bounds-and-perfect-derive/#what-is-perfect-derive)
+    // as of this writing.
+    //
+    // If the struct we're deriving a `ComponentType` impl for has any generic parameters, then #lower needs
+    // generic parameters too.  And if we just copy the parameters and bounds from the impl to #lower, then the
+    // `#[derive(Clone, Copy)]` will fail unless the original generics were declared with those bounds, which
+    // we don't want to require.
+    //
+    // Alternatively, we could just pass the `Lower` associated type of each generic type as arguments to
+    // #lower, but that would require distinguishing between generic and concrete types when generating
+    // #lower_field_declarations, which would require some form of symbol resolution.  That doesn't seem worth
+    // the trouble.
+
+    let expanded = quote! {
+        #[doc(hidden)]
+        #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+        #[repr(C)]
+        pub struct #lower <#lower_generic_params> {
+            #lower_field_declarations
+            _align: [wasmtime::ValRaw; 0],
+        }
+
+        unsafe impl #impl_generics wasmtime::component::ComponentType for #name #ty_generics #where_clause {
+            type Lower = #lower <#lower_generic_args>;
+
+            const ABI: #internal::CanonicalAbiInfo =
+                #internal::CanonicalAbiInfo::record_static(&[#abi_list]);
+
+            #[inline]
+            fn typecheck(
+                ty: &#internal::InterfaceType,
+                types: &#internal::InstanceType<'_>,
+            ) -> #internal::anyhow::Result<()> {
+                #internal::#typecheck(ty, types, &[#typecheck_argument])
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    Ok(quote!(const _: () = { #expanded };))
+}
+
+fn quote(size: DiscriminantSize, discriminant: usize) -> TokenStream {
+    match size {
+        DiscriminantSize::Size1 => {
+            let discriminant = u8::try_from(discriminant).unwrap();
+            quote!(#discriminant)
+        }
+        DiscriminantSize::Size2 => {
+            let discriminant = u16::try_from(discriminant).unwrap();
+            quote!(#discriminant)
+        }
+        DiscriminantSize::Size4 => {
+            let discriminant = u32::try_from(discriminant).unwrap();
+            quote!(#discriminant)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct LiftExpander;
+
+impl Expander for LiftExpander {
+    fn expand_record(
+        &self,
+        name: &syn::Ident,
+        generics: &syn::Generics,
+        fields: &[&syn::Field],
+    ) -> Result<TokenStream> {
+        let internal = quote!(wasmtime::component::__internal);
+
+        let mut lifts = TokenStream::new();
+        let mut loads = TokenStream::new();
+
+        for (i, syn::Field { ident, ty, .. }) in fields.iter().enumerate() {
+            let field_ty = quote!(ty.fields[#i].ty);
+            lifts.extend(quote!(#ident: <#ty as wasmtime::component::Lift>::lift(
+                cx, #field_ty, &src.#ident
+            )?,));
+
+            loads.extend(quote!(#ident: <#ty as wasmtime::component::Lift>::load(
+                cx, #field_ty,
+                &bytes
+                    [<#ty as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::ABI.next_field32_size(&mut offset)..]
+                    [..<#ty as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::SIZE32]
+            )?,));
+        }
+
+        let generics = add_trait_bounds(generics, parse_quote!(wasmtime::component::Lift));
+        let (impl_generics, ty_generics, where_clause) = generics.split_for_impl();
+
+        let extract_ty = quote! {
+            let ty = match ty {
+                #internal::InterfaceType::Record(i) => &cx.types[i],
+                _ => #internal::bad_type_info(),
+            };
+        };
+
+        let expanded = quote! {
+            unsafe impl #impl_generics wasmtime::component::Lift for #name #ty_generics #where_clause {
+                #[inline]
+                fn lift(
+                    cx: &mut #internal::LiftContext<'_>,
+                    ty: #internal::InterfaceType,
+                    src: &Self::Lower,
+                ) -> #internal::anyhow::Result<Self> {
+                    #extract_ty
+                    Ok(Self {
+                        #lifts
+                    })
+                }
+
+                #[inline]
+                fn load(
+                    cx: &mut #internal::LiftContext<'_>,
+                    ty: #internal::InterfaceType,
+                    bytes: &[u8],
+                ) -> #internal::anyhow::Result<Self> {
+                    #extract_ty
+                    debug_assert!(
+                        (bytes.as_ptr() as usize)
+                            % (<Self as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::ALIGN32 as usize)
+                            == 0
+                    );
+                    let mut offset = 0;
+                    Ok(Self {
+                        #loads
+                    })
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        Ok(expanded)
+    }
+
+    fn expand_variant(
+        &self,
+        name: &syn::Ident,
+        generics: &syn::Generics,
+        discriminant_size: DiscriminantSize,
+        cases: &[VariantCase],
+        style: VariantStyle,
+    ) -> Result<TokenStream> {
+        let internal = quote!(wasmtime::component::__internal);
+
+        let mut lifts = TokenStream::new();
+        let mut loads = TokenStream::new();
+
+        let interface_type_variant = match style {
+            VariantStyle::Variant => quote!(Variant),
+            VariantStyle::Enum => quote!(Enum),
+            VariantStyle::Union => quote!(Union),
+        };
+
+        for (index, VariantCase { ident, ty, .. }) in cases.iter().enumerate() {
+            let index_u32 = u32::try_from(index).unwrap();
+
+            let index_quoted = quote(discriminant_size, index);
+
+            if let Some(ty) = ty {
+                let payload_ty = match style {
+                    VariantStyle::Variant => {
+                        quote!(ty.cases[#index].ty.unwrap_or_else(#internal::bad_type_info))
+                    }
+                    VariantStyle::Union => quote!(ty.types[#index]),
+                    VariantStyle::Enum => unreachable!(),
+                };
+                lifts.extend(
+                    quote!(#index_u32 => Self::#ident(<#ty as wasmtime::component::Lift>::lift(
+                        cx, #payload_ty, unsafe { &src.payload.#ident }
+                    )?),),
+                );
+
+                loads.extend(
+                    quote!(#index_quoted => Self::#ident(<#ty as wasmtime::component::Lift>::load(
+                        cx, #payload_ty, &payload[..<#ty as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::SIZE32]
+                    )?),),
+                );
+            } else {
+                lifts.extend(quote!(#index_u32 => Self::#ident,));
+
+                loads.extend(quote!(#index_quoted => Self::#ident,));
+            }
+        }
+
+        let generics = add_trait_bounds(generics, parse_quote!(wasmtime::component::Lift));
+        let (impl_generics, ty_generics, where_clause) = generics.split_for_impl();
+
+        let from_bytes = match discriminant_size {
+            DiscriminantSize::Size1 => quote!(bytes[0]),
+            DiscriminantSize::Size2 => quote!(u16::from_le_bytes(bytes[0..2].try_into()?)),
+            DiscriminantSize::Size4 => quote!(u32::from_le_bytes(bytes[0..4].try_into()?)),
+        };
+
+        let extract_ty = quote! {
+            let ty = match ty {
+                #internal::InterfaceType::#interface_type_variant(i) => &cx.types[i],
+                _ => #internal::bad_type_info(),
+            };
+        };
+
+        let expanded = quote! {
+            unsafe impl #impl_generics wasmtime::component::Lift for #name #ty_generics #where_clause {
+                #[inline]
+                fn lift(
+                    cx: &mut #internal::LiftContext<'_>,
+                    ty: #internal::InterfaceType,
+                    src: &Self::Lower,
+                ) -> #internal::anyhow::Result<Self> {
+                    #extract_ty
+                    Ok(match src.tag.get_u32() {
+                        #lifts
+                        discrim => #internal::anyhow::bail!("unexpected discriminant: {}", discrim),
+                    })
+                }
+
+                #[inline]
+                fn load(
+                    cx: &mut #internal::LiftContext<'_>,
+                    ty: #internal::InterfaceType,
+                    bytes: &[u8],
+                ) -> #internal::anyhow::Result<Self> {
+                    let align = <Self as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::ALIGN32;
+                    debug_assert!((bytes.as_ptr() as usize) % (align as usize) == 0);
+                    let discrim = #from_bytes;
+                    let payload_offset = <Self as #internal::ComponentVariant>::PAYLOAD_OFFSET32;
+                    let payload = &bytes[payload_offset..];
+                    #extract_ty
+                    Ok(match discrim {
+                        #loads
+                        discrim => #internal::anyhow::bail!("unexpected discriminant: {}", discrim),
+                    })
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        Ok(expanded)
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct LowerExpander;
+
+impl Expander for LowerExpander {
+    fn expand_record(
+        &self,
+        name: &syn::Ident,
+        generics: &syn::Generics,
+        fields: &[&syn::Field],
+    ) -> Result<TokenStream> {
+        let internal = quote!(wasmtime::component::__internal);
+
+        let mut lowers = TokenStream::new();
+        let mut stores = TokenStream::new();
+
+        for (i, syn::Field { ident, ty, .. }) in fields.iter().enumerate() {
+            let field_ty = quote!(ty.fields[#i].ty);
+            lowers.extend(quote!(wasmtime::component::Lower::lower(
+                &self.#ident, cx, #field_ty, #internal::map_maybe_uninit!(dst.#ident)
+            )?;));
+
+            stores.extend(quote!(wasmtime::component::Lower::store(
+                &self.#ident,
+                cx,
+                #field_ty,
+                <#ty as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::ABI.next_field32_size(&mut offset),
+            )?;));
+        }
+
+        let generics = add_trait_bounds(generics, parse_quote!(wasmtime::component::Lower));
+        let (impl_generics, ty_generics, where_clause) = generics.split_for_impl();
+
+        let extract_ty = quote! {
+            let ty = match ty {
+                #internal::InterfaceType::Record(i) => &cx.types[i],
+                _ => #internal::bad_type_info(),
+            };
+        };
+
+        let expanded = quote! {
+            unsafe impl #impl_generics wasmtime::component::Lower for #name #ty_generics #where_clause {
+                #[inline]
+                fn lower<T>(
+                    &self,
+                    cx: &mut #internal::LowerContext<'_, T>,
+                    ty: #internal::InterfaceType,
+                    dst: &mut std::mem::MaybeUninit<Self::Lower>,
+                ) -> #internal::anyhow::Result<()> {
+                    #extract_ty
+                    #lowers
+                    Ok(())
+                }
+
+                #[inline]
+                fn store<T>(
+                    &self,
+                    cx: &mut #internal::LowerContext<'_, T>,
+                    ty: #internal::InterfaceType,
+                    mut offset: usize
+                ) -> #internal::anyhow::Result<()> {
+                    debug_assert!(offset % (<Self as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::ALIGN32 as usize) == 0);
+                    #extract_ty
+                    #stores
+                    Ok(())
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        Ok(expanded)
+    }
+
+    fn expand_variant(
+        &self,
+        name: &syn::Ident,
+        generics: &syn::Generics,
+        discriminant_size: DiscriminantSize,
+        cases: &[VariantCase],
+        style: VariantStyle,
+    ) -> Result<TokenStream> {
+        let internal = quote!(wasmtime::component::__internal);
+
+        let mut lowers = TokenStream::new();
+        let mut stores = TokenStream::new();
+
+        let interface_type_variant = match style {
+            VariantStyle::Variant => quote!(Variant),
+            VariantStyle::Enum => quote!(Enum),
+            VariantStyle::Union => quote!(Union),
+        };
+
+        for (index, VariantCase { ident, ty, .. }) in cases.iter().enumerate() {
+            let index_u32 = u32::try_from(index).unwrap();
+
+            let index_quoted = quote(discriminant_size, index);
+
+            let discriminant_size = usize::from(discriminant_size);
+
+            let pattern;
+            let lower;
+            let store;
+
+            if ty.is_some() {
+                let ty = match style {
+                    VariantStyle::Variant => {
+                        quote!(ty.cases[#index].ty.unwrap_or_else(#internal::bad_type_info))
+                    }
+                    VariantStyle::Union => quote!(ty.types[#index]),
+                    VariantStyle::Enum => unreachable!(),
+                };
+                pattern = quote!(Self::#ident(value));
+                lower = quote!(value.lower(cx, #ty, dst));
+                store = quote!(value.store(
+                    cx,
+                    #ty,
+                    offset + <Self as #internal::ComponentVariant>::PAYLOAD_OFFSET32,
+                ));
+            } else {
+                pattern = quote!(Self::#ident);
+                lower = quote!(Ok(()));
+                store = quote!(Ok(()));
+            }
+
+            lowers.extend(quote!(#pattern => {
+                #internal::map_maybe_uninit!(dst.tag).write(wasmtime::ValRaw::u32(#index_u32));
+                unsafe {
+                    #internal::lower_payload(
+                        #internal::map_maybe_uninit!(dst.payload),
+                        |payload| #internal::map_maybe_uninit!(payload.#ident),
+                        |dst| #lower,
+                    )
+                }
+            }));
+
+            stores.extend(quote!(#pattern => {
+                *cx.get::<#discriminant_size>(offset) = #index_quoted.to_le_bytes();
+                #store
+            }));
+        }
+
+        let generics = add_trait_bounds(generics, parse_quote!(wasmtime::component::Lower));
+        let (impl_generics, ty_generics, where_clause) = generics.split_for_impl();
+
+        let extract_ty = quote! {
+            let ty = match ty {
+                #internal::InterfaceType::#interface_type_variant(i) => &cx.types[i],
+                _ => #internal::bad_type_info(),
+            };
+        };
+
+        let expanded = quote! {
+            unsafe impl #impl_generics wasmtime::component::Lower for #name #ty_generics #where_clause {
+                #[inline]
+                fn lower<T>(
+                    &self,
+                    cx: &mut #internal::LowerContext<'_, T>,
+                    ty: #internal::InterfaceType,
+                    dst: &mut std::mem::MaybeUninit<Self::Lower>,
+                ) -> #internal::anyhow::Result<()> {
+                    #extract_ty
+                    match self {
+                        #lowers
+                    }
+                }
+
+                #[inline]
+                fn store<T>(
+                    &self,
+                    cx: &mut #internal::LowerContext<'_, T>,
+                    ty: #internal::InterfaceType,
+                    mut offset: usize
+                ) -> #internal::anyhow::Result<()> {
+                    #extract_ty
+                    debug_assert!(offset % (<Self as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::ALIGN32 as usize) == 0);
+                    match self {
+                        #stores
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        Ok(expanded)
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct ComponentTypeExpander;
+
+impl Expander for ComponentTypeExpander {
+    fn expand_record(
+        &self,
+        name: &syn::Ident,
+        generics: &syn::Generics,
+        fields: &[&syn::Field],
+    ) -> Result<TokenStream> {
+        expand_record_for_component_type(
+            name,
+            generics,
+            fields,
+            quote!(typecheck_record),
+            fields
+                .iter()
+                .map(
+                    |syn::Field {
+                         attrs, ident, ty, ..
+                     }| {
+                        let name = find_rename(attrs)?.unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                            let ident = ident.as_ref().unwrap();
+                            syn::LitStr::new(&ident.to_string(), ident.span())
+                        });
+
+                        Ok(quote!((#name, <#ty as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::typecheck),))
+                    },
+                )
+                .collect::<Result<_>>()?,
+        )
+    }
+
+    fn expand_variant(
+        &self,
+        name: &syn::Ident,
+        generics: &syn::Generics,
+        _discriminant_size: DiscriminantSize,
+        cases: &[VariantCase],
+        style: VariantStyle,
+    ) -> Result<TokenStream> {
+        let internal = quote!(wasmtime::component::__internal);
+
+        let mut case_names_and_checks = TokenStream::new();
+        let mut lower_payload_generic_params = TokenStream::new();
+        let mut lower_payload_generic_args = TokenStream::new();
+        let mut lower_payload_case_declarations = TokenStream::new();
+        let mut lower_generic_args = TokenStream::new();
+        let mut abi_list = TokenStream::new();
+        let mut unique_types = HashSet::new();
+
+        for (index, VariantCase { attrs, ident, ty }) in cases.iter().enumerate() {
+            let rename = find_rename(attrs)?;
+
+            if let (Some(_), VariantStyle::Union) = (&rename, style) {
+                return Err(Error::new(
+                    ident.span(),
+                    "renaming `union` cases is not permitted; only the type is used",
+                ));
+            }
+
+            let name = rename.unwrap_or_else(|| syn::LitStr::new(&ident.to_string(), ident.span()));
+
+            if let Some(ty) = ty {
+                abi_list.extend(quote!(Some(<#ty as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::ABI),));
+
+                case_names_and_checks.extend(match style {
+                    VariantStyle::Variant => {
+                        quote!((#name, Some(<#ty as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::typecheck)),)
+                    }
+                    VariantStyle::Union => {
+                        quote!(<#ty as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::typecheck,)
+                    }
+                    VariantStyle::Enum => {
+                        return Err(Error::new(
+                            ident.span(),
+                            "payloads are not permitted for `enum` cases",
+                        ))
+                    }
+                });
+
+                let generic = format_ident!("T{}", index);
+
+                lower_payload_generic_params.extend(quote!(#generic: Copy,));
+                lower_payload_generic_args.extend(quote!(#generic,));
+                lower_payload_case_declarations.extend(quote!(#ident: #generic,));
+                lower_generic_args
+                    .extend(quote!(<#ty as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::Lower,));
+
+                unique_types.insert(ty);
+            } else {
+                abi_list.extend(quote!(None,));
+                case_names_and_checks.extend(match style {
+                    VariantStyle::Variant => {
+                        quote!((#name, None),)
+                    }
+                    VariantStyle::Union => {
+                        quote!(<() as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::typecheck,)
+                    }
+                    VariantStyle::Enum => quote!(#name,),
+                });
+                lower_payload_case_declarations.extend(quote!(#ident: [wasmtime::ValRaw; 0],));
+            }
+        }
+
+        let typecheck = match style {
+            VariantStyle::Variant => quote!(typecheck_variant),
+            VariantStyle::Union => quote!(typecheck_union),
+            VariantStyle::Enum => quote!(typecheck_enum),
+        };
+
+        let generics = add_trait_bounds(generics, parse_quote!(wasmtime::component::ComponentType));
+        let (impl_generics, ty_generics, where_clause) = generics.split_for_impl();
+        let lower = format_ident!("Lower{}", name);
+        let lower_payload = format_ident!("LowerPayload{}", name);
+
+        // You may wonder why we make the types of all the fields of the #lower struct and #lower_payload union
+        // generic.  This is to work around a [normalization bug in
+        // rustc](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/90903) such that the compiler does not understand that
+        // e.g. `<i32 as ComponentType>::Lower` is `Copy` despite the bound specified in `ComponentType`'s
+        // definition.
+        //
+        // See also the comment in `Self::expand_record` above for another reason why we do this.
+
+        let expanded = quote! {
+            #[doc(hidden)]
+            #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+            #[repr(C)]
+            pub struct #lower<#lower_payload_generic_params> {
+                tag: wasmtime::ValRaw,
+                payload: #lower_payload<#lower_payload_generic_args>
+            }
+
+            #[doc(hidden)]
+            #[allow(non_snake_case)]
+            #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+            #[repr(C)]
+            union #lower_payload<#lower_payload_generic_params> {
+                #lower_payload_case_declarations
+            }
+
+            unsafe impl #impl_generics wasmtime::component::ComponentType for #name #ty_generics #where_clause {
+                type Lower = #lower<#lower_generic_args>;
+
+                #[inline]
+                fn typecheck(
+                    ty: &#internal::InterfaceType,
+                    types: &#internal::InstanceType<'_>,
+                ) -> #internal::anyhow::Result<()> {
+                    #internal::#typecheck(ty, types, &[#case_names_and_checks])
+                }
+
+                const ABI: #internal::CanonicalAbiInfo =
+                    #internal::CanonicalAbiInfo::variant_static(&[#abi_list]);
+            }
+
+            unsafe impl #impl_generics #internal::ComponentVariant for #name #ty_generics #where_clause {
+                const CASES: &'static [Option<#internal::CanonicalAbiInfo>] = &[#abi_list];
+            }
+        };
+
+        Ok(quote!(const _: () = { #expanded };))
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct Flag {
+    rename: Option<String>,
+    name: String,
+}
+
+impl Parse for Flag {
+    fn parse(input: ParseStream) -> Result<Self> {
+        let attributes = syn::Attribute::parse_outer(input)?;
+
+        let rename = find_rename(&attributes)?.map(|literal| literal.value());
+
+        input.parse::<Token![const]>()?;
+        let name = input.parse::<syn::Ident>()?.to_string();
+
+        Ok(Self { rename, name })
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct Flags {
+    name: String,
+    flags: Vec<Flag>,
+}
+
+impl Parse for Flags {
+    fn parse(input: ParseStream) -> Result<Self> {
+        let name = input.parse::<syn::Ident>()?.to_string();
+
+        let content;
+        braced!(content in input);
+
+        let flags = content
+            .parse_terminated(Flag::parse, Token![;])?
+            .into_iter()
+            .collect();
+
+        Ok(Self { name, flags })
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn expand_flags(flags: &Flags) -> Result<TokenStream> {
+    let size = FlagsSize::from_count(flags.flags.len());
+
+    let ty;
+    let eq;
+
+    let count = flags.flags.len();
+
+    match size {
+        FlagsSize::Size0 => {
+            ty = quote!(());
+            eq = quote!(true);
+        }
+        FlagsSize::Size1 => {
+            ty = quote!(u8);
+
+            eq = if count == 8 {
+                quote!(self.__inner0.eq(&rhs.__inner0))
+            } else {
+                let mask = !(0xFF_u8 << count);
+
+                quote!((self.__inner0 & #mask).eq(&(rhs.__inner0 & #mask)))
+            };
+        }
+        FlagsSize::Size2 => {
+            ty = quote!(u16);
+
+            eq = if count == 16 {
+                quote!(self.__inner0.eq(&rhs.__inner0))
+            } else {
+                let mask = !(0xFFFF_u16 << count);
+
+                quote!((self.__inner0 & #mask).eq(&(rhs.__inner0 & #mask)))
+            };
+        }
+        FlagsSize::Size4Plus(n) => {
+            ty = quote!(u32);
+
+            let comparisons = (0..(n - 1))
+                .map(|index| {
+                    let field = format_ident!("__inner{}", index);
+
+                    quote!(self.#field.eq(&rhs.#field) &&)
+                })
+                .collect::<TokenStream>();
+
+            let field = format_ident!("__inner{}", n - 1);
+
+            eq = if count % 32 == 0 {
+                quote!(#comparisons self.#field.eq(&rhs.#field))
+            } else {
+                let mask = !(0xFFFF_FFFF_u32 << (count % 32));
+
+                quote!(#comparisons (self.#field & #mask).eq(&(rhs.#field & #mask)))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    let count;
+    let mut as_array;
+    let mut bitor;
+    let mut bitor_assign;
+    let mut bitand;
+    let mut bitand_assign;
+    let mut bitxor;
+    let mut bitxor_assign;
+    let mut not;
+
+    match size {
+        FlagsSize::Size0 => {
+            count = 0;
+            as_array = quote!([]);
+            bitor = quote!(Self {});
+            bitor_assign = quote!();
+            bitand = quote!(Self {});
+            bitand_assign = quote!();
+            bitxor = quote!(Self {});
+            bitxor_assign = quote!();
+            not = quote!(Self {});
+        }
+        FlagsSize::Size1 | FlagsSize::Size2 => {
+            count = 1;
+            as_array = quote!([self.__inner0 as u32]);
+            bitor = quote!(Self {
+                __inner0: self.__inner0.bitor(rhs.__inner0)
+            });
+            bitor_assign = quote!(self.__inner0.bitor_assign(rhs.__inner0));
+            bitand = quote!(Self {
+                __inner0: self.__inner0.bitand(rhs.__inner0)
+            });
+            bitand_assign = quote!(self.__inner0.bitand_assign(rhs.__inner0));
+            bitxor = quote!(Self {
+                __inner0: self.__inner0.bitxor(rhs.__inner0)
+            });
+            bitxor_assign = quote!(self.__inner0.bitxor_assign(rhs.__inner0));
+            not = quote!(Self {
+                __inner0: self.__inner0.not()
+            });
+        }
+        FlagsSize::Size4Plus(n) => {
+            count = usize::from(n);
+            as_array = TokenStream::new();
+            bitor = TokenStream::new();
+            bitor_assign = TokenStream::new();
+            bitand = TokenStream::new();
+            bitand_assign = TokenStream::new();
+            bitxor = TokenStream::new();
+            bitxor_assign = TokenStream::new();
+            not = TokenStream::new();
+
+            for index in 0..n {
+                let field = format_ident!("__inner{}", index);
+
+                as_array.extend(quote!(self.#field,));
+                bitor.extend(quote!(#field: self.#field.bitor(rhs.#field),));
+                bitor_assign.extend(quote!(self.#field.bitor_assign(rhs.#field);));
+                bitand.extend(quote!(#field: self.#field.bitand(rhs.#field),));
+                bitand_assign.extend(quote!(self.#field.bitand_assign(rhs.#field);));
+                bitxor.extend(quote!(#field: self.#field.bitxor(rhs.#field),));
+                bitxor_assign.extend(quote!(self.#field.bitxor_assign(rhs.#field);));
+                not.extend(quote!(#field: self.#field.not(),));
+            }
+
+            as_array = quote!([#as_array]);
+            bitor = quote!(Self { #bitor });
+            bitand = quote!(Self { #bitand });
+            bitxor = quote!(Self { #bitxor });
+            not = quote!(Self { #not });
+        }
+    };
+
+    let name = format_ident!("{}", flags.name);
+
+    let mut constants = TokenStream::new();
+    let mut rust_names = TokenStream::new();
+    let mut component_names = TokenStream::new();
+
+    for (index, Flag { name, rename }) in flags.flags.iter().enumerate() {
+        rust_names.extend(quote!(#name,));
+
+        let component_name = rename.as_ref().unwrap_or(name);
+        component_names.extend(quote!(#component_name,));
+
+        let fields = match size {
+            FlagsSize::Size0 => quote!(),
+            FlagsSize::Size1 => {
+                let init = 1_u8 << index;
+                quote!(__inner0: #init)
+            }
+            FlagsSize::Size2 => {
+                let init = 1_u16 << index;
+                quote!(__inner0: #init)
+            }
+            FlagsSize::Size4Plus(n) => (0..n)
+                .map(|i| {
+                    let field = format_ident!("__inner{}", i);
+
+                    let init = if index / 32 == usize::from(i) {
+                        1_u32 << (index % 32)
+                    } else {
+                        0
+                    };
+
+                    quote!(#field: #init,)
+                })
+                .collect::<TokenStream>(),
+        };
+
+        let name = format_ident!("{}", name);
+
+        constants.extend(quote!(pub const #name: Self = Self { #fields };));
+    }
+
+    let generics = syn::Generics {
+        lt_token: None,
+        params: Punctuated::new(),
+        gt_token: None,
+        where_clause: None,
+    };
+
+    let fields = {
+        let ty = syn::parse2::<syn::Type>(ty.clone())?;
+
+        (0..count)
+            .map(|index| syn::Field {
+                attrs: Vec::new(),
+                vis: syn::Visibility::Inherited,
+                ident: Some(format_ident!("__inner{}", index)),
+                colon_token: None,
+                ty: ty.clone(),
+                mutability: syn::FieldMutability::None,
+            })
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+    };
+
+    let fields = fields.iter().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+    let component_type_impl = expand_record_for_component_type(
+        &name,
+        &generics,
+        &fields,
+        quote!(typecheck_flags),
+        component_names,
+    )?;
+
+    let internal = quote!(wasmtime::component::__internal);
+
+    let field_names = fields
+        .iter()
+        .map(|syn::Field { ident, .. }| ident)
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+    let fields = fields
+        .iter()
+        .map(|syn::Field { ident, .. }| quote!(#[doc(hidden)] #ident: #ty,))
+        .collect::<TokenStream>();
+
+    let (field_interface_type, field_size) = match size {
+        FlagsSize::Size0 => (quote!(NOT USED), 0usize),
+        FlagsSize::Size1 => (quote!(#internal::InterfaceType::U8), 1),
+        FlagsSize::Size2 => (quote!(#internal::InterfaceType::U16), 2),
+        FlagsSize::Size4Plus(_) => (quote!(#internal::InterfaceType::U32), 4),
+    };
+
+    let expanded = quote! {
+        #[derive(Copy, Clone, Default)]
+        pub struct #name { #fields }
+
+        impl #name {
+            #constants
+
+            pub fn as_array(&self) -> [u32; #count] {
+                #as_array
+            }
+
+            pub fn empty() -> Self {
+                Self::default()
+            }
+
+            pub fn all() -> Self {
+                use std::ops::Not;
+                Self::default().not()
+            }
+
+            pub fn contains(&self, other: Self) -> bool {
+                *self & other == other
+            }
+
+            pub fn intersects(&self, other: Self) -> bool {
+                *self & other != Self::empty()
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl std::cmp::PartialEq for #name {
+            fn eq(&self, rhs: &#name) -> bool {
+                #eq
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl std::cmp::Eq for #name { }
+
+        impl std::fmt::Debug for #name {
+            fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
+                #internal::format_flags(&self.as_array(), &[#rust_names], f)
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl std::ops::BitOr for #name {
+            type Output = #name;
+
+            fn bitor(self, rhs: #name) -> #name {
+                #bitor
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl std::ops::BitOrAssign for #name {
+            fn bitor_assign(&mut self, rhs: #name) {
+                #bitor_assign
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl std::ops::BitAnd for #name {
+            type Output = #name;
+
+            fn bitand(self, rhs: #name) -> #name {
+                #bitand
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl std::ops::BitAndAssign for #name {
+            fn bitand_assign(&mut self, rhs: #name) {
+                #bitand_assign
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl std::ops::BitXor for #name {
+            type Output = #name;
+
+            fn bitxor(self, rhs: #name) -> #name {
+                #bitxor
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl std::ops::BitXorAssign for #name {
+            fn bitxor_assign(&mut self, rhs: #name) {
+                #bitxor_assign
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl std::ops::Not for #name {
+            type Output = #name;
+
+            fn not(self) -> #name {
+                #not
+            }
+        }
+
+        #component_type_impl
+
+        unsafe impl wasmtime::component::Lower for #name {
+            fn lower<T>(
+                &self,
+                cx: &mut #internal::LowerContext<'_, T>,
+                _ty: #internal::InterfaceType,
+                dst: &mut std::mem::MaybeUninit<Self::Lower>,
+            ) -> #internal::anyhow::Result<()> {
+                #(
+                    self.#field_names.lower(
+                        cx,
+                        #field_interface_type,
+                        #internal::map_maybe_uninit!(dst.#field_names),
+                    )?;
+                )*
+                Ok(())
+            }
+
+            fn store<T>(
+                &self,
+                cx: &mut #internal::LowerContext<'_, T>,
+                _ty: #internal::InterfaceType,
+                mut offset: usize
+            ) -> #internal::anyhow::Result<()> {
+                debug_assert!(offset % (<Self as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::ALIGN32 as usize) == 0);
+                #(
+                    self.#field_names.store(
+                        cx,
+                        #field_interface_type,
+                        offset,
+                    )?;
+                    offset += std::mem::size_of_val(&self.#field_names);
+                )*
+                Ok(())
+            }
+        }
+
+        unsafe impl wasmtime::component::Lift for #name {
+            fn lift(
+                cx: &mut #internal::LiftContext<'_>,
+                _ty: #internal::InterfaceType,
+                src: &Self::Lower,
+            ) -> #internal::anyhow::Result<Self> {
+                Ok(Self {
+                    #(
+                        #field_names: wasmtime::component::Lift::lift(
+                            cx,
+                            #field_interface_type,
+                            &src.#field_names,
+                        )?,
+                    )*
+                })
+            }
+
+            fn load(
+                cx: &mut #internal::LiftContext<'_>,
+                _ty: #internal::InterfaceType,
+                bytes: &[u8],
+            ) -> #internal::anyhow::Result<Self> {
+                debug_assert!(
+                    (bytes.as_ptr() as usize)
+                        % (<Self as wasmtime::component::ComponentType>::ALIGN32 as usize)
+                        == 0
+                );
+                #(
+                    let (field, bytes) = bytes.split_at(#field_size);
+                    let #field_names = wasmtime::component::Lift::load(
+                        cx,
+                        #field_interface_type,
+                        field,
+                    )?;
+                )*
+                Ok(Self { #(#field_names,)* })
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    Ok(expanded)
+}