twigg-app 0.0.1 → 0.0.2

data/public/vendor/bootstrap/assets/js/jquery.bbq.min.js

@@ -1,1287 +0,0 @@
-/*!
- * jQuery BBQ: Back Button & Query Library - v1.3pre - 8/26/2010
- * http://benalman.com/projects/jquery-bbq-plugin/
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2010 "Cowboy" Ben Alman
- * Dual licensed under the MIT and GPL licenses.
- * http://benalman.com/about/license/
- */
-
-// Script: jQuery BBQ: Back Button & Query Library
-//
-// *Version: 1.3pre, Last updated: 8/26/2010*
-//
-// Project Home - http://benalman.com/projects/jquery-bbq-plugin/
-// GitHub       - http://github.com/cowboy/jquery-bbq/
-// Source       - http://github.com/cowboy/jquery-bbq/raw/master/jquery.ba-bbq.js
-// (Minified)   - http://github.com/cowboy/jquery-bbq/raw/master/jquery.ba-bbq.min.js (2.2kb gzipped)
-//
-// About: License
-//
-// Copyright (c) 2010 "Cowboy" Ben Alman,
-// Dual licensed under the MIT and GPL licenses.
-// http://benalman.com/about/license/
-//
-// About: Examples
-//
-// These working examples, complete with fully commented code, illustrate a few
-// ways in which this plugin can be used.
-//
-// Basic AJAX     - http://benalman.com/code/projects/jquery-bbq/examples/fragment-basic/
-// Advanced AJAX  - http://benalman.com/code/projects/jquery-bbq/examples/fragment-advanced/
-// jQuery UI Tabs - http://benalman.com/code/projects/jquery-bbq/examples/fragment-jquery-ui-tabs/
-// Deparam        - http://benalman.com/code/projects/jquery-bbq/examples/deparam/
-//
-// About: Support and Testing
-//
-// Information about what version or versions of jQuery this plugin has been
-// tested with, what browsers it has been tested in, and where the unit tests
-// reside (so you can test it yourself).
-//
-// jQuery Versions - 1.2.6, 1.3.2, 1.4.1, 1.4.2
-// Browsers Tested - Internet Explorer 6-8, Firefox 2-4, Chrome 5-6, Safari 3.2-5,
-//                   Opera 9.6-10.60, iPhone 3.1, Android 1.6-2.2, BlackBerry 4.6-5.
-// Unit Tests      - http://benalman.com/code/projects/jquery-bbq/unit/
-//
-// About: Release History
-//
-// 1.3pre - (8/26/2010) Integrated <jQuery hashchange event> v1.3, which adds
-//         document.title and document.domain support in IE6/7, BlackBerry
-//         support, better Iframe hiding for accessibility reasons, and the new
-//         <jQuery.fn.hashchange> "shortcut" method. Added the
-//         <jQuery.param.sorted> method which reduces the possibility of
-//         extraneous hashchange event triggering. Added the
-//         <jQuery.param.fragment.ajaxCrawlable> method which can be used to
-//         enable Google "AJAX Crawlable mode."
-// 1.2.1 - (2/17/2010) Actually fixed the stale window.location Safari bug from
-//         <jQuery hashchange event> in BBQ, which was the main reason for the
-//         previous release!
-// 1.2   - (2/16/2010) Integrated <jQuery hashchange event> v1.2, which fixes a
-//         Safari bug, the event can now be bound before DOM ready, and IE6/7
-//         page should no longer scroll when the event is first bound. Also
-//         added the <jQuery.param.fragment.noEscape> method, and reworked the
-//         <hashchange event (BBQ)> internal "add" method to be compatible with
-//         changes made to the jQuery 1.4.2 special events API.
-// 1.1.1 - (1/22/2010) Integrated <jQuery hashchange event> v1.1, which fixes an
-//         obscure IE8 EmulateIE7 meta tag compatibility mode bug.
-// 1.1   - (1/9/2010) Broke out the jQuery BBQ event.special <hashchange event>
-//         functionality into a separate plugin for users who want just the
-//         basic event & back button support, without all the extra awesomeness
-//         that BBQ provides. This plugin will be included as part of jQuery BBQ,
-//         but also be available separately. See <jQuery hashchange event>
-//         plugin for more information. Also added the <jQuery.bbq.removeState>
-//         method and added additional <jQuery.deparam> examples.
-// 1.0.3 - (12/2/2009) Fixed an issue in IE 6 where location.search and
-//         location.hash would report incorrectly if the hash contained the ?
-//         character. Also <jQuery.param.querystring> and <jQuery.param.fragment>
-//         will no longer parse params out of a URL that doesn't contain ? or #,
-//         respectively.
-// 1.0.2 - (10/10/2009) Fixed an issue in IE 6/7 where the hidden IFRAME caused
-//         a "This page contains both secure and nonsecure items." warning when
-//         used on an https:// page.
-// 1.0.1 - (10/7/2009) Fixed an issue in IE 8. Since both "IE7" and "IE8
-//         Compatibility View" modes erroneously report that the browser
-//         supports the native window.onhashchange event, a slightly more
-//         robust test needed to be added.
-// 1.0   - (10/2/2009) Initial release
-
-(function($,window){
-  '$:nomunge'; // Used by YUI compressor.
-
-  // Some convenient shortcuts.
-  var undefined,
-    aps = Array.prototype.slice,
-    decode = decodeURIComponent,
-
-    // Method / object references.
-    jq_param = $.param,
-    jq_param_sorted,
-    jq_param_fragment,
-    jq_deparam,
-    jq_deparam_fragment,
-    jq_bbq = $.bbq = $.bbq || {},
-    jq_bbq_pushState,
-    jq_bbq_getState,
-    jq_elemUrlAttr,
-    special = $.event.special,
-
-    // Reused strings.
-    str_hashchange = 'hashchange',
-    str_querystring = 'querystring',
-    str_fragment = 'fragment',
-    str_elemUrlAttr = 'elemUrlAttr',
-    str_href = 'href',
-    str_src = 'src',
-
-    // Reused RegExp.
-    re_params_querystring = /^.*\?|#.*$/g,
-    re_params_fragment,
-    re_fragment,
-    re_no_escape,
-
-    ajax_crawlable,
-    fragment_prefix,
-
-    // Used by jQuery.elemUrlAttr.
-    elemUrlAttr_cache = {};
-
-  // A few commonly used bits, broken out to help reduce minified file size.
-
-  function is_string( arg ) {
-    return typeof arg === 'string';
-  };
-
-  // Why write the same function twice? Let's curry! Mmmm, curry..
-
-  function curry( func ) {
-    var args = aps.call( arguments, 1 );
-
-    return function() {
-      return func.apply( this, args.concat( aps.call( arguments ) ) );
-    };
-  };
-
-  // Get location.hash (or what you'd expect location.hash to be) sans any
-  // leading #. Thanks for making this necessary, Firefox!
-  function get_fragment( url ) {
-    return url.replace( re_fragment, '$2' );
-  };
-
-  // Get location.search (or what you'd expect location.search to be) sans any
-  // leading #. Thanks for making this necessary, IE6!
-  function get_querystring( url ) {
-    return url.replace( /(?:^[^?#]*\?([^#]*).*$)?.*/, '$1' );
-  };
-
-  // Section: Param (to string)
-  //
-  // Method: jQuery.param.querystring
-  //
-  // Retrieve the query string from a URL or if no arguments are passed, the
-  // current window.location.href.
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery.param.querystring( [ url ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  url - (String) A URL containing query string params to be parsed. If url
-  //    is not passed, the current window.location.href is used.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  (String) The parsed query string, with any leading "?" removed.
-  //
-
-  // Method: jQuery.param.querystring (build url)
-  //
-  // Merge a URL, with or without pre-existing query string params, plus any
-  // object, params string or URL containing query string params into a new URL.
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery.param.querystring( url, params [, merge_mode ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  url - (String) A valid URL for params to be merged into. This URL may
-  //    contain a query string and/or fragment (hash).
-  //  params - (String) A params string or URL containing query string params to
-  //    be merged into url.
-  //  params - (Object) A params object to be merged into url.
-  //  merge_mode - (Number) Merge behavior defaults to 0 if merge_mode is not
-  //    specified, and is as-follows:
-  //
-  //    * 0: params in the params argument will override any query string
-  //         params in url.
-  //    * 1: any query string params in url will override params in the params
-  //         argument.
-  //    * 2: params argument will completely replace any query string in url.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  (String) A URL with a urlencoded query string in the format '?a=b&c=d&e=f'.
-
-  // Method: jQuery.param.fragment
-  //
-  // Retrieve the fragment (hash) from a URL or if no arguments are passed, the
-  // current window.location.href.
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery.param.fragment( [ url ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  url - (String) A URL containing fragment (hash) params to be parsed. If
-  //    url is not passed, the current window.location.href is used.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  (String) The parsed fragment (hash) string, with any leading "#" removed.
-
-  // Method: jQuery.param.fragment (build url)
-  //
-  // Merge a URL, with or without pre-existing fragment (hash) params, plus any
-  // object, params string or URL containing fragment (hash) params into a new
-  // URL.
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery.param.fragment( url, params [, merge_mode ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  url - (String) A valid URL for params to be merged into. This URL may
-  //    contain a query string and/or fragment (hash).
-  //  params - (String) A params string or URL containing fragment (hash) params
-  //    to be merged into url.
-  //  params - (Object) A params object to be merged into url.
-  //  merge_mode - (Number) Merge behavior defaults to 0 if merge_mode is not
-  //    specified, and is as-follows:
-  //
-  //    * 0: params in the params argument will override any fragment (hash)
-  //         params in url.
-  //    * 1: any fragment (hash) params in url will override params in the
-  //         params argument.
-  //    * 2: params argument will completely replace any query string in url.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  (String) A URL with a urlencoded fragment (hash) in the format '#a=b&c=d&e=f'.
-
-  function jq_param_sub( is_fragment, get_func, url, params, merge_mode ) {
-    var result,
-      qs,
-      matches,
-      url_params,
-      hash;
-
-    if ( params !== undefined ) {
-      // Build URL by merging params into url string.
-
-      // matches[1] = url part that precedes params, not including trailing ?/#
-      // matches[2] = params, not including leading ?/#
-      // matches[3] = if in 'querystring' mode, hash including leading #, otherwise ''
-      matches = url.match( is_fragment ? re_fragment : /^([^#?]*)\??([^#]*)(#?.*)/ );
-
-      // Get the hash if in 'querystring' mode, and it exists.
-      hash = matches[3] || '';
-
-      if ( merge_mode === 2 && is_string( params ) ) {
-        // If merge_mode is 2 and params is a string, merge the fragment / query
-        // string into the URL wholesale, without converting it into an object.
-        qs = params.replace( is_fragment ? re_params_fragment : re_params_querystring, '' );
-
-      } else {
-        // Convert relevant params in url to object.
-        url_params = jq_deparam( matches[2] );
-
-        params = is_string( params )
-
-          // Convert passed params string into object.
-          ? jq_deparam[ is_fragment ? str_fragment : str_querystring ]( params )
-
-          // Passed params object.
-          : params;
-
-        qs = merge_mode === 2 ? params                              // passed params replace url params
-          : merge_mode === 1  ? $.extend( {}, params, url_params )  // url params override passed params
-          : $.extend( {}, url_params, params );                     // passed params override url params
-
-        // Convert params object into a sorted params string.
-        qs = jq_param_sorted( qs );
-
-        // Unescape characters specified via $.param.noEscape. Since only hash-
-        // history users have requested this feature, it's only enabled for
-        // fragment-related params strings.
-        if ( is_fragment ) {
-          qs = qs.replace( re_no_escape, decode );
-        }
-      }
-
-      // Build URL from the base url, querystring and hash. In 'querystring'
-      // mode, ? is only added if a query string exists. In 'fragment' mode, #
-      // is always added.
-      result = matches[1] + ( is_fragment ? fragment_prefix : qs || !matches[1] ? '?' : '' ) + qs + hash;
-
-    } else {
-      // If URL was passed in, parse params from URL string, otherwise parse
-      // params from window.location.href.
-      result = get_func( url !== undefined ? url : location.href );
-    }
-
-    return result;
-  };
-
-  jq_param[ str_querystring ]                  = curry( jq_param_sub, 0, get_querystring );
-  jq_param[ str_fragment ] = jq_param_fragment = curry( jq_param_sub, 1, get_fragment );
-
-  // Method: jQuery.param.sorted
-  //
-  // Returns a params string equivalent to that returned by the internal
-  // jQuery.param method, but sorted, which makes it suitable for use as a
-  // cache key.
-  //
-  // For example, in most browsers jQuery.param({z:1,a:2}) returns "z=1&a=2"
-  // and jQuery.param({a:2,z:1}) returns "a=2&z=1". Even though both the
-  // objects being serialized and the resulting params strings are equivalent,
-  // if these params strings were set into the location.hash fragment
-  // sequentially, the hashchange event would be triggered unnecessarily, since
-  // the strings are different (even though the data described by them is the
-  // same). By sorting the params string, unecessary hashchange event triggering
-  // can be avoided.
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery.param.sorted( obj [, traditional ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  obj - (Object) An object to be serialized.
-  //  traditional - (Boolean) Params deep/shallow serialization mode. See the
-  //    documentation at http://api.jquery.com/jQuery.param/ for more detail.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  (String) A sorted params string.
-
-  jq_param.sorted = jq_param_sorted = function( a, traditional ) {
-    var arr = [],
-      obj = {};
-
-    $.each( jq_param( a, traditional ).split( '&' ), function(i,v){
-      var key = v.replace( /(?:%5B|=).*$/, '' ),
-        key_obj = obj[ key ];
-
-      if ( !key_obj ) {
-        key_obj = obj[ key ] = [];
-        arr.push( key );
-      }
-
-      key_obj.push( v );
-    });
-
-    return $.map( arr.sort(), function(v){
-      return obj[ v ];
-    }).join( '&' );
-  };
-
-  // Method: jQuery.param.fragment.noEscape
-  //
-  // Specify characters that will be left unescaped when fragments are created
-  // or merged using <jQuery.param.fragment>, or when the fragment is modified
-  // using <jQuery.bbq.pushState>. This option only applies to serialized data
-  // object fragments, and not set-as-string fragments. Does not affect the
-  // query string. Defaults to ",/" (comma, forward slash).
-  //
-  // Note that this is considered a purely aesthetic option, and will help to
-  // create URLs that "look pretty" in the address bar or bookmarks, without
-  // affecting functionality in any way. That being said, be careful to not
-  // unescape characters that are used as delimiters or serve a special
-  // purpose, such as the "#?&=+" (octothorpe, question mark, ampersand,
-  // equals, plus) characters.
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery.param.fragment.noEscape( [ chars ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  chars - (String) The characters to not escape in the fragment. If
-  //    unspecified, defaults to empty string (escape all characters).
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  Nothing.
-
-  jq_param_fragment.noEscape = function( chars ) {
-    chars = chars || '';
-    var arr = $.map( chars.split(''), encodeURIComponent );
-    re_no_escape = new RegExp( arr.join('|'), 'g' );
-  };
-
-  // A sensible default. These are the characters people seem to complain about
-  // "uglifying up the URL" the most.
-  jq_param_fragment.noEscape( ',/' );
-
-  // Method: jQuery.param.fragment.ajaxCrawlable
-  //
-  // TODO: DESCRIBE
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery.param.fragment.ajaxCrawlable( [ state ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  state - (Boolean) TODO: DESCRIBE
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  (Boolean) The current ajaxCrawlable state.
-
-  jq_param_fragment.ajaxCrawlable = function( state ) {
-    if ( state !== undefined ) {
-      if ( state ) {
-        re_params_fragment = /^.*(?:#!|#)/;
-        re_fragment = /^([^#]*)(?:#!|#)?(.*)$/;
-        fragment_prefix = '#!';
-      } else {
-        re_params_fragment = /^.*#/;
-        re_fragment = /^([^#]*)#?(.*)$/;
-        fragment_prefix = '#';
-      }
-      ajax_crawlable = !!state;
-    }
-
-    return ajax_crawlable;
-  };
-
-  jq_param_fragment.ajaxCrawlable( 0 );
-
-  // Section: Deparam (from string)
-  //
-  // Method: jQuery.deparam
-  //
-  // Deserialize a params string into an object, optionally coercing numbers,
-  // booleans, null and undefined values; this method is the counterpart to the
-  // internal jQuery.param method.
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery.deparam( params [, coerce ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  params - (String) A params string to be parsed.
-  //  coerce - (Boolean) If true, coerces any numbers or true, false, null, and
-  //    undefined to their actual value. Defaults to false if omitted.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  (Object) An object representing the deserialized params string.
-
-  $.deparam = jq_deparam = function( params, coerce ) {
-    var obj = {},
-      coerce_types = { 'true': !0, 'false': !1, 'null': null };
-
-    // Iterate over all name=value pairs.
-    $.each( params.replace( /\+/g, ' ' ).split( '&' ), function(j,v){
-      var param = v.split( '=' ),
-        key = decode( param[0] ),
-        val,
-        cur = obj,
-        i = 0,
-
-        // If key is more complex than 'foo', like 'a[]' or 'a[b][c]', split it
-        // into its component parts.
-        keys = key.split( '][' ),
-        keys_last = keys.length - 1;
-
-      // If the first keys part contains [ and the last ends with ], then []
-      // are correctly balanced.
-      if ( /\[/.test( keys[0] ) && /\]$/.test( keys[ keys_last ] ) ) {
-        // Remove the trailing ] from the last keys part.
-        keys[ keys_last ] = keys[ keys_last ].replace( /\]$/, '' );
-
-        // Split first keys part into two parts on the [ and add them back onto
-        // the beginning of the keys array.
-        keys = keys.shift().split('[').concat( keys );
-
-        keys_last = keys.length - 1;
-      } else {
-        // Basic 'foo' style key.
-        keys_last = 0;
-      }
-
-      // Are we dealing with a name=value pair, or just a name?
-      if ( param.length === 2 ) {
-        val = decode( param[1] );
-
-        // Coerce values.
-        if ( coerce ) {
-          val = val && !isNaN(val)            ? +val              // number
-            : val === 'undefined'             ? undefined         // undefined
-            : coerce_types[val] !== undefined ? coerce_types[val] // true, false, null
-            : val;                                                // string
-        }
-
-        if ( keys_last ) {
-          // Complex key, build deep object structure based on a few rules:
-          // * The 'cur' pointer starts at the object top-level.
-          // * [] = array push (n is set to array length), [n] = array if n is
-          //   numeric, otherwise object.
-          // * If at the last keys part, set the value.
-          // * For each keys part, if the current level is undefined create an
-          //   object or array based on the type of the next keys part.
-          // * Move the 'cur' pointer to the next level.
-          // * Rinse & repeat.
-          for ( ; i <= keys_last; i++ ) {
-            key = keys[i] === '' ? cur.length : keys[i];
-            cur = cur[key] = i < keys_last
-              ? cur[key] || ( keys[i+1] && isNaN( keys[i+1] ) ? {} : [] )
-              : val;
-          }
-
-        } else {
-          // Simple key, even simpler rules, since only scalars and shallow
-          // arrays are allowed.
-
-          if ( $.isArray( obj[key] ) ) {
-            // val is already an array, so push on the next value.
-            obj[key].push( val );
-
-          } else if ( obj[key] !== undefined ) {
-            // val isn't an array, but since a second value has been specified,
-            // convert val into an array.
-            obj[key] = [ obj[key], val ];
-
-          } else {
-            // val is a scalar.
-            obj[key] = val;
-          }
-        }
-
-      } else if ( key ) {
-        // No value was defined, so set something meaningful.
-        obj[key] = coerce
-          ? undefined
-          : '';
-      }
-    });
-
-    return obj;
-  };
-
-  // Method: jQuery.deparam.querystring
-  //
-  // Parse the query string from a URL or the current window.location.href,
-  // deserializing it into an object, optionally coercing numbers, booleans,
-  // null and undefined values.
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery.deparam.querystring( [ url ] [, coerce ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  url - (String) An optional params string or URL containing query string
-  //    params to be parsed. If url is omitted, the current
-  //    window.location.href is used.
-  //  coerce - (Boolean) If true, coerces any numbers or true, false, null, and
-  //    undefined to their actual value. Defaults to false if omitted.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  (Object) An object representing the deserialized params string.
-
-  // Method: jQuery.deparam.fragment
-  //
-  // Parse the fragment (hash) from a URL or the current window.location.href,
-  // deserializing it into an object, optionally coercing numbers, booleans,
-  // null and undefined values.
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery.deparam.fragment( [ url ] [, coerce ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  url - (String) An optional params string or URL containing fragment (hash)
-  //    params to be parsed. If url is omitted, the current window.location.href
-  //    is used.
-  //  coerce - (Boolean) If true, coerces any numbers or true, false, null, and
-  //    undefined to their actual value. Defaults to false if omitted.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  (Object) An object representing the deserialized params string.
-
-  function jq_deparam_sub( is_fragment, url_or_params, coerce ) {
-    if ( url_or_params === undefined || typeof url_or_params === 'boolean' ) {
-      // url_or_params not specified.
-      coerce = url_or_params;
-      url_or_params = jq_param[ is_fragment ? str_fragment : str_querystring ]();
-    } else {
-      url_or_params = is_string( url_or_params )
-        ? url_or_params.replace( is_fragment ? re_params_fragment : re_params_querystring, '' )
-        : url_or_params;
-    }
-
-    return jq_deparam( url_or_params, coerce );
-  };
-
-  jq_deparam[ str_querystring ]                    = curry( jq_deparam_sub, 0 );
-  jq_deparam[ str_fragment ] = jq_deparam_fragment = curry( jq_deparam_sub, 1 );
-
-  // Section: Element manipulation
-  //
-  // Method: jQuery.elemUrlAttr
-  //
-  // Get the internal "Default URL attribute per tag" list, or augment the list
-  // with additional tag-attribute pairs, in case the defaults are insufficient.
-  //
-  // In the <jQuery.fn.querystring> and <jQuery.fn.fragment> methods, this list
-  // is used to determine which attribute contains the URL to be modified, if
-  // an "attr" param is not specified.
-  //
-  // Default Tag-Attribute List:
-  //
-  //  a      - href
-  //  base   - href
-  //  iframe - src
-  //  img    - src
-  //  input  - src
-  //  form   - action
-  //  link   - href
-  //  script - src
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery.elemUrlAttr( [ tag_attr ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  tag_attr - (Object) An object containing a list of tag names and their
-  //    associated default attribute names in the format { tag: 'attr', ... } to
-  //    be merged into the internal tag-attribute list.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  (Object) An object containing all stored tag-attribute values.
-
-  // Only define function and set defaults if function doesn't already exist, as
-  // the urlInternal plugin will provide this method as well.
-  $[ str_elemUrlAttr ] || ($[ str_elemUrlAttr ] = function( obj ) {
-    return $.extend( elemUrlAttr_cache, obj );
-  })({
-    a: str_href,
-    base: str_href,
-    iframe: str_src,
-    img: str_src,
-    input: str_src,
-    form: 'action',
-    link: str_href,
-    script: str_src
-  });
-
-  jq_elemUrlAttr = $[ str_elemUrlAttr ];
-
-  // Method: jQuery.fn.querystring
-  //
-  // Update URL attribute in one or more elements, merging the current URL (with
-  // or without pre-existing query string params) plus any params object or
-  // string into a new URL, which is then set into that attribute. Like
-  // <jQuery.param.querystring (build url)>, but for all elements in a jQuery
-  // collection.
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery('selector').querystring( [ attr, ] params [, merge_mode ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  attr - (String) Optional name of an attribute that will contain a URL to
-  //    merge params or url into. See <jQuery.elemUrlAttr> for a list of default
-  //    attributes.
-  //  params - (Object) A params object to be merged into the URL attribute.
-  //  params - (String) A URL containing query string params, or params string
-  //    to be merged into the URL attribute.
-  //  merge_mode - (Number) Merge behavior defaults to 0 if merge_mode is not
-  //    specified, and is as-follows:
-  //
-  //    * 0: params in the params argument will override any params in attr URL.
-  //    * 1: any params in attr URL will override params in the params argument.
-  //    * 2: params argument will completely replace any query string in attr
-  //         URL.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  (jQuery) The initial jQuery collection of elements, but with modified URL
-  //  attribute values.
-
-  // Method: jQuery.fn.fragment
-  //
-  // Update URL attribute in one or more elements, merging the current URL (with
-  // or without pre-existing fragment/hash params) plus any params object or
-  // string into a new URL, which is then set into that attribute. Like
-  // <jQuery.param.fragment (build url)>, but for all elements in a jQuery
-  // collection.
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery('selector').fragment( [ attr, ] params [, merge_mode ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  attr - (String) Optional name of an attribute that will contain a URL to
-  //    merge params into. See <jQuery.elemUrlAttr> for a list of default
-  //    attributes.
-  //  params - (Object) A params object to be merged into the URL attribute.
-  //  params - (String) A URL containing fragment (hash) params, or params
-  //    string to be merged into the URL attribute.
-  //  merge_mode - (Number) Merge behavior defaults to 0 if merge_mode is not
-  //    specified, and is as-follows:
-  //
-  //    * 0: params in the params argument will override any params in attr URL.
-  //    * 1: any params in attr URL will override params in the params argument.
-  //    * 2: params argument will completely replace any fragment (hash) in attr
-  //         URL.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  (jQuery) The initial jQuery collection of elements, but with modified URL
-  //  attribute values.
-
-  function jq_fn_sub( mode, force_attr, params, merge_mode ) {
-    if ( !is_string( params ) && typeof params !== 'object' ) {
-      // force_attr not specified.
-      merge_mode = params;
-      params = force_attr;
-      force_attr = undefined;
-    }
-
-    return this.each(function(){
-      var that = $(this),
-
-        // Get attribute specified, or default specified via $.elemUrlAttr.
-        attr = force_attr || jq_elemUrlAttr()[ ( this.nodeName || '' ).toLowerCase() ] || '',
-
-        // Get URL value.
-        url = attr && that.attr( attr ) || '';
-
-      // Update attribute with new URL.
-      that.attr( attr, jq_param[ mode ]( url, params, merge_mode ) );
-    });
-
-  };
-
-  $.fn[ str_querystring ] = curry( jq_fn_sub, str_querystring );
-  $.fn[ str_fragment ]    = curry( jq_fn_sub, str_fragment );
-
-  // Section: History, hashchange event
-  //
-  // Method: jQuery.bbq.pushState
-  //
-  // Adds a 'state' into the browser history at the current position, setting
-  // location.hash and triggering any bound <hashchange event> callbacks
-  // (provided the new state is different than the previous state).
-  //
-  // If no arguments are passed, an empty state is created, which is just a
-  // shortcut for jQuery.bbq.pushState( {}, 2 ).
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery.bbq.pushState( [ params [, merge_mode ] ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  params - (String) A serialized params string or a hash string beginning
-  //    with # to merge into location.hash.
-  //  params - (Object) A params object to merge into location.hash.
-  //  merge_mode - (Number) Merge behavior defaults to 0 if merge_mode is not
-  //    specified (unless a hash string beginning with # is specified, in which
-  //    case merge behavior defaults to 2), and is as-follows:
-  //
-  //    * 0: params in the params argument will override any params in the
-  //         current state.
-  //    * 1: any params in the current state will override params in the params
-  //         argument.
-  //    * 2: params argument will completely replace current state.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  Nothing.
-  //
-  // Additional Notes:
-  //
-  //  * Setting an empty state may cause the browser to scroll.
-  //  * Unlike the fragment and querystring methods, if a hash string beginning
-  //    with # is specified as the params agrument, merge_mode defaults to 2.
-
-  jq_bbq.pushState = jq_bbq_pushState = function( params, merge_mode ) {
-    if ( is_string( params ) && /^#/.test( params ) && merge_mode === undefined ) {
-      // Params string begins with # and merge_mode not specified, so completely
-      // overwrite window.location.hash.
-      merge_mode = 2;
-    }
-
-    var has_args = params !== undefined,
-      // Merge params into window.location using $.param.fragment.
-      url = jq_param_fragment( location.href,
-        has_args ? params : {}, has_args ? merge_mode : 2 );
-
-    // Set new window.location.href. Note that Safari 3 & Chrome barf on
-    // location.hash = '#' so the entire URL is set.
-    location.href = url;
-  };
-
-  // Method: jQuery.bbq.getState
-  //
-  // Retrieves the current 'state' from the browser history, parsing
-  // location.hash for a specific key or returning an object containing the
-  // entire state, optionally coercing numbers, booleans, null and undefined
-  // values.
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery.bbq.getState( [ key ] [, coerce ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  key - (String) An optional state key for which to return a value.
-  //  coerce - (Boolean) If true, coerces any numbers or true, false, null, and
-  //    undefined to their actual value. Defaults to false.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  (Anything) If key is passed, returns the value corresponding with that key
-  //    in the location.hash 'state', or undefined. If not, an object
-  //    representing the entire 'state' is returned.
-
-  jq_bbq.getState = jq_bbq_getState = function( key, coerce ) {
-    return key === undefined || typeof key === 'boolean'
-      ? jq_deparam_fragment( key ) // 'key' really means 'coerce' here
-      : jq_deparam_fragment( coerce )[ key ];
-  };
-
-  // Method: jQuery.bbq.removeState
-  //
-  // Remove one or more keys from the current browser history 'state', creating
-  // a new state, setting location.hash and triggering any bound
-  // <hashchange event> callbacks (provided the new state is different than
-  // the previous state).
-  //
-  // If no arguments are passed, an empty state is created, which is just a
-  // shortcut for jQuery.bbq.pushState( {}, 2 ).
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery.bbq.removeState( [ key [, key ... ] ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  key - (String) One or more key values to remove from the current state,
-  //    passed as individual arguments.
-  //  key - (Array) A single array argument that contains a list of key values
-  //    to remove from the current state.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  Nothing.
-  //
-  // Additional Notes:
-  //
-  //  * Setting an empty state may cause the browser to scroll.
-
-  jq_bbq.removeState = function( arr ) {
-    var state = {};
-
-    // If one or more arguments is passed..
-    if ( arr !== undefined ) {
-
-      // Get the current state.
-      state = jq_bbq_getState();
-
-      // For each passed key, delete the corresponding property from the current
-      // state.
-      $.each( $.isArray( arr ) ? arr : arguments, function(i,v){
-        delete state[ v ];
-      });
-    }
-
-    // Set the state, completely overriding any existing state.
-    jq_bbq_pushState( state, 2 );
-  };
-
-  // Event: hashchange event (BBQ)
-  //
-  // Usage in jQuery 1.4 and newer:
-  //
-  // In jQuery 1.4 and newer, the event object passed into any hashchange event
-  // callback is augmented with a copy of the location.hash fragment at the time
-  // the event was triggered as its event.fragment property. In addition, the
-  // event.getState method operates on this property (instead of location.hash)
-  // which allows this fragment-as-a-state to be referenced later, even after
-  // window.location may have changed.
-  //
-  // Note that event.fragment and event.getState are not defined according to
-  // W3C (or any other) specification, but will still be available whether or
-  // not the hashchange event exists natively in the browser, because of the
-  // utility they provide.
-  //
-  // The event.fragment property contains the output of <jQuery.param.fragment>
-  // and the event.getState method is equivalent to the <jQuery.bbq.getState>
-  // method.
-  //
-  // > $(window).bind( 'hashchange', function( event ) {
-  // >   var hash_str = event.fragment,
-  // >     param_obj = event.getState(),
-  // >     param_val = event.getState( 'param_name' ),
-  // >     param_val_coerced = event.getState( 'param_name', true );
-  // >   ...
-  // > });
-  //
-  // Usage in jQuery 1.3.2:
-  //
-  // In jQuery 1.3.2, the event object cannot to be augmented as in jQuery 1.4+,
-  // so the fragment state isn't bound to the event object and must instead be
-  // parsed using the <jQuery.param.fragment> and <jQuery.bbq.getState> methods.
-  //
-  // > $(window).bind( 'hashchange', function( event ) {
-  // >   var hash_str = $.param.fragment(),
-  // >     param_obj = $.bbq.getState(),
-  // >     param_val = $.bbq.getState( 'param_name' ),
-  // >     param_val_coerced = $.bbq.getState( 'param_name', true );
-  // >   ...
-  // > });
-  //
-  // Additional Notes:
-  //
-  // * Due to changes in the special events API, jQuery BBQ v1.2 or newer is
-  //   required to enable the augmented event object in jQuery 1.4.2 and newer.
-  // * See <jQuery hashchange event> for more detailed information.
-
-  special[ str_hashchange ] = $.extend( special[ str_hashchange ], {
-
-    // Augmenting the event object with the .fragment property and .getState
-    // method requires jQuery 1.4 or newer. Note: with 1.3.2, everything will
-    // work, but the event won't be augmented)
-    add: function( handleObj ) {
-      var old_handler;
-
-      function new_handler(e) {
-        // e.fragment is set to the value of location.hash (with any leading #
-        // removed) at the time the event is triggered.
-        var hash = e[ str_fragment ] = jq_param_fragment();
-
-        // e.getState() works just like $.bbq.getState(), but uses the
-        // e.fragment property stored on the event object.
-        e.getState = function( key, coerce ) {
-          return key === undefined || typeof key === 'boolean'
-            ? jq_deparam( hash, key ) // 'key' really means 'coerce' here
-            : jq_deparam( hash, coerce )[ key ];
-        };
-
-        old_handler.apply( this, arguments );
-      };
-
-      // This may seem a little complicated, but it normalizes the special event
-      // .add method between jQuery 1.4/1.4.1 and 1.4.2+
-      if ( $.isFunction( handleObj ) ) {
-        // 1.4, 1.4.1
-        old_handler = handleObj;
-        return new_handler;
-      } else {
-        // 1.4.2+
-        old_handler = handleObj.handler;
-        handleObj.handler = new_handler;
-      }
-    }
-
-  });
-
-})(jQuery,this);
-
-/*!
- * jQuery hashchange event - v1.3 - 7/21/2010
- * http://benalman.com/projects/jquery-hashchange-plugin/
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2010 "Cowboy" Ben Alman
- * Dual licensed under the MIT and GPL licenses.
- * http://benalman.com/about/license/
- */
-
-// Script: jQuery hashchange event
-//
-// *Version: 1.3, Last updated: 7/21/2010*
-//
-// Project Home - http://benalman.com/projects/jquery-hashchange-plugin/
-// GitHub       - http://github.com/cowboy/jquery-hashchange/
-// Source       - http://github.com/cowboy/jquery-hashchange/raw/master/jquery.ba-hashchange.js
-// (Minified)   - http://github.com/cowboy/jquery-hashchange/raw/master/jquery.ba-hashchange.min.js (0.8kb gzipped)
-//
-// About: License
-//
-// Copyright (c) 2010 "Cowboy" Ben Alman,
-// Dual licensed under the MIT and GPL licenses.
-// http://benalman.com/about/license/
-//
-// About: Examples
-//
-// These working examples, complete with fully commented code, illustrate a few
-// ways in which this plugin can be used.
-//
-// hashchange event - http://benalman.com/code/projects/jquery-hashchange/examples/hashchange/
-// document.domain - http://benalman.com/code/projects/jquery-hashchange/examples/document_domain/
-//
-// About: Support and Testing
-//
-// Information about what version or versions of jQuery this plugin has been
-// tested with, what browsers it has been tested in, and where the unit tests
-// reside (so you can test it yourself).
-//
-// jQuery Versions - 1.2.6, 1.3.2, 1.4.1, 1.4.2
-// Browsers Tested - Internet Explorer 6-8, Firefox 2-4, Chrome 5-6, Safari 3.2-5,
-//                   Opera 9.6-10.60, iPhone 3.1, Android 1.6-2.2, BlackBerry 4.6-5.
-// Unit Tests      - http://benalman.com/code/projects/jquery-hashchange/unit/
-//
-// About: Known issues
-//
-// While this jQuery hashchange event implementation is quite stable and
-// robust, there are a few unfortunate browser bugs surrounding expected
-// hashchange event-based behaviors, independent of any JavaScript
-// window.onhashchange abstraction. See the following examples for more
-// information:
-//
-// Chrome: Back Button - http://benalman.com/code/projects/jquery-hashchange/examples/bug-chrome-back-button/
-// Firefox: Remote XMLHttpRequest - http://benalman.com/code/projects/jquery-hashchange/examples/bug-firefox-remote-xhr/
-// WebKit: Back Button in an Iframe - http://benalman.com/code/projects/jquery-hashchange/examples/bug-webkit-hash-iframe/
-// Safari: Back Button from a different domain - http://benalman.com/code/projects/jquery-hashchange/examples/bug-safari-back-from-diff-domain/
-//
-// Also note that should a browser natively support the window.onhashchange
-// event, but not report that it does, the fallback polling loop will be used.
-//
-// About: Release History
-//
-// 1.3   - (7/21/2010) Reorganized IE6/7 Iframe code to make it more
-//         "removable" for mobile-only development. Added IE6/7 document.title
-//         support. Attempted to make Iframe as hidden as possible by using
-//         techniques from http://www.paciellogroup.com/blog/?p=604. Added
-//         support for the "shortcut" format $(window).hashchange( fn ) and
-//         $(window).hashchange() like jQuery provides for built-in events.
-//         Renamed jQuery.hashchangeDelay to <jQuery.fn.hashchange.delay> and
-//         lowered its default value to 50. Added <jQuery.fn.hashchange.domain>
-//         and <jQuery.fn.hashchange.src> properties plus document-domain.html
-//         file to address access denied issues when setting document.domain in
-//         IE6/7.
-// 1.2   - (2/11/2010) Fixed a bug where coming back to a page using this plugin
-//         from a page on another domain would cause an error in Safari 4. Also,
-//         IE6/7 Iframe is now inserted after the body (this actually works),
-//         which prevents the page from scrolling when the event is first bound.
-//         Event can also now be bound before DOM ready, but it won't be usable
-//         before then in IE6/7.
-// 1.1   - (1/21/2010) Incorporated document.documentMode test to fix IE8 bug
-//         where browser version is incorrectly reported as 8.0, despite
-//         inclusion of the X-UA-Compatible IE=EmulateIE7 meta tag.
-// 1.0   - (1/9/2010) Initial Release. Broke out the jQuery BBQ event.special
-//         window.onhashchange functionality into a separate plugin for users
-//         who want just the basic event & back button support, without all the
-//         extra awesomeness that BBQ provides. This plugin will be included as
-//         part of jQuery BBQ, but also be available separately.
-
-(function($,window,undefined){
-  '$:nomunge'; // Used by YUI compressor.
-
-  // Reused string.
-  var str_hashchange = 'hashchange',
-
-    // Method / object references.
-    doc = document,
-    fake_onhashchange,
-    special = $.event.special,
-
-    // Does the browser support window.onhashchange? Note that IE8 running in
-    // IE7 compatibility mode reports true for 'onhashchange' in window, even
-    // though the event isn't supported, so also test document.documentMode.
-    doc_mode = doc.documentMode,
-    supports_onhashchange = 'on' + str_hashchange in window && ( doc_mode === undefined || doc_mode > 7 );
-
-  // Get location.hash (or what you'd expect location.hash to be) sans any
-  // leading #. Thanks for making this necessary, Firefox!
-  function get_fragment( url ) {
-    url = url || location.href;
-    return '#' + url.replace( /^[^#]*#?(.*)$/, '$1' );
-  };
-
-  // Method: jQuery.fn.hashchange
-  //
-  // Bind a handler to the window.onhashchange event or trigger all bound
-  // window.onhashchange event handlers. This behavior is consistent with
-  // jQuery's built-in event handlers.
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // > jQuery(window).hashchange( [ handler ] );
-  //
-  // Arguments:
-  //
-  //  handler - (Function) Optional handler to be bound to the hashchange
-  //    event. This is a "shortcut" for the more verbose form:
-  //    jQuery(window).bind( 'hashchange', handler ). If handler is omitted,
-  //    all bound window.onhashchange event handlers will be triggered. This
-  //    is a shortcut for the more verbose
-  //    jQuery(window).trigger( 'hashchange' ). These forms are described in
-  //    the <hashchange event> section.
-  //
-  // Returns:
-  //
-  //  (jQuery) The initial jQuery collection of elements.
-
-  // Allow the "shortcut" format $(elem).hashchange( fn ) for binding and
-  // $(elem).hashchange() for triggering, like jQuery does for built-in events.
-  $.fn[ str_hashchange ] = function( fn ) {
-    return fn ? this.bind( str_hashchange, fn ) : this.trigger( str_hashchange );
-  };
-
-  // Property: jQuery.fn.hashchange.delay
-  //
-  // The numeric interval (in milliseconds) at which the <hashchange event>
-  // polling loop executes. Defaults to 50.
-
-  // Property: jQuery.fn.hashchange.domain
-  //
-  // If you're setting document.domain in your JavaScript, and you want hash
-  // history to work in IE6/7, not only must this property be set, but you must
-  // also set document.domain BEFORE jQuery is loaded into the page. This
-  // property is only applicable if you are supporting IE6/7 (or IE8 operating
-  // in "IE7 compatibility" mode).
-  //
-  // In addition, the <jQuery.fn.hashchange.src> property must be set to the
-  // path of the included "document-domain.html" file, which can be renamed or
-  // modified if necessary (note that the document.domain specified must be the
-  // same in both your main JavaScript as well as in this file).
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // jQuery.fn.hashchange.domain = document.domain;
-
-  // Property: jQuery.fn.hashchange.src
-  //
-  // If, for some reason, you need to specify an Iframe src file (for example,
-  // when setting document.domain as in <jQuery.fn.hashchange.domain>), you can
-  // do so using this property. Note that when using this property, history
-  // won't be recorded in IE6/7 until the Iframe src file loads. This property
-  // is only applicable if you are supporting IE6/7 (or IE8 operating in "IE7
-  // compatibility" mode).
-  //
-  // Usage:
-  //
-  // jQuery.fn.hashchange.src = 'path/to/file.html';
-
-  $.fn[ str_hashchange ].delay = 50;
-  /*
-  $.fn[ str_hashchange ].domain = null;
-  $.fn[ str_hashchange ].src = null;
-  */
-
-  // Event: hashchange event
-  //
-  // Fired when location.hash changes. In browsers that support it, the native
-  // HTML5 window.onhashchange event is used, otherwise a polling loop is
-  // initialized, running every <jQuery.fn.hashchange.delay> milliseconds to
-  // see if the hash has changed. In IE6/7 (and IE8 operating in "IE7
-  // compatibility" mode), a hidden Iframe is created to allow the back button
-  // and hash-based history to work.
-  //
-  // Usage as described in <jQuery.fn.hashchange>:
-  //
-  // > // Bind an event handler.
-  // > jQuery(window).hashchange( function(e) {
-  // >   var hash = location.hash;
-  // >   ...
-  // > });
-  // >
-  // > // Manually trigger the event handler.
-  // > jQuery(window).hashchange();
-  //
-  // A more verbose usage that allows for event namespacing:
-  //
-  // > // Bind an event handler.
-  // > jQuery(window).bind( 'hashchange', function(e) {
-  // >   var hash = location.hash;
-  // >   ...
-  // > });
-  // >
-  // > // Manually trigger the event handler.
-  // > jQuery(window).trigger( 'hashchange' );
-  //
-  // Additional Notes:
-  //
-  // * The polling loop and Iframe are not created until at least one handler
-  //   is actually bound to the 'hashchange' event.
-  // * If you need the bound handler(s) to execute immediately, in cases where
-  //   a location.hash exists on page load, via bookmark or page refresh for
-  //   example, use jQuery(window).hashchange() or the more verbose
-  //   jQuery(window).trigger( 'hashchange' ).
-  // * The event can be bound before DOM ready, but since it won't be usable
-  //   before then in IE6/7 (due to the necessary Iframe), recommended usage is
-  //   to bind it inside a DOM ready handler.
-
-  // Override existing $.event.special.hashchange methods (allowing this plugin
-  // to be defined after jQuery BBQ in BBQ's source code).
-  special[ str_hashchange ] = $.extend( special[ str_hashchange ], {
-
-    // Called only when the first 'hashchange' event is bound to window.
-    setup: function() {
-      // If window.onhashchange is supported natively, there's nothing to do..
-      if ( supports_onhashchange ) { return false; }
-
-      // Otherwise, we need to create our own. And we don't want to call this
-      // until the user binds to the event, just in case they never do, since it
-      // will create a polling loop and possibly even a hidden Iframe.
-      $( fake_onhashchange.start );
-    },
-
-    // Called only when the last 'hashchange' event is unbound from window.
-    teardown: function() {
-      // If window.onhashchange is supported natively, there's nothing to do..
-      if ( supports_onhashchange ) { return false; }
-
-      // Otherwise, we need to stop ours (if possible).
-      $( fake_onhashchange.stop );
-    }
-
-  });
-
-  // fake_onhashchange does all the work of triggering the window.onhashchange
-  // event for browsers that don't natively support it, including creating a
-  // polling loop to watch for hash changes and in IE 6/7 creating a hidden
-  // Iframe to enable back and forward.
-  fake_onhashchange = (function(){
-    var self = {},
-      timeout_id,
-
-      // Remember the initial hash so it doesn't get triggered immediately.
-      last_hash = get_fragment(),
-
-      fn_retval = function(val){ return val; },
-      history_set = fn_retval,
-      history_get = fn_retval;
-
-    // Start the polling loop.
-    self.start = function() {
-      timeout_id || poll();
-    };
-
-    // Stop the polling loop.
-    self.stop = function() {
-      timeout_id && clearTimeout( timeout_id );
-      timeout_id = undefined;
-    };
-
-    // This polling loop checks every $.fn.hashchange.delay milliseconds to see
-    // if location.hash has changed, and triggers the 'hashchange' event on
-    // window when necessary.
-    function poll() {
-      var hash = get_fragment(),
-        history_hash = history_get( last_hash );
-
-      if ( hash !== last_hash ) {
-        history_set( last_hash = hash, history_hash );
-
-        $(window).trigger( str_hashchange );
-
-      } else if ( history_hash !== last_hash ) {
-        location.href = location.href.replace( /#.*/, '' ) + history_hash;
-      }
-
-      timeout_id = setTimeout( poll, $.fn[ str_hashchange ].delay );
-    };
-
-    return self;
-  })();
-
-})(jQuery,this);