simpletool 0.0.1 → 0.0.2

data/lib/support/phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin/doc/faq.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,2112 @@
+.. _faq:
+
+FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions
+================================
+
+Please have a look at our `Link section
+<http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/docs.php>`_ on the official
+phpMyAdmin homepage for in-depth coverage of phpMyAdmin's features and
+or interface.
+
+.. _faqserver:
+
+Server
+++++++
+
+.. _faq1_1:
+
+1.1 My server is crashing each time a specific action is required or phpMyAdmin sends a blank page or a page full of cryptic characters to my browser, what can I do?
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Try to set the :config:option:`$cfg['OBGzip']`  directive to ``false`` in your
+:file:`config.inc.php` file and the ``zlib.output_compression`` directive to
+``Off`` in your php configuration file.
+
+.. _faq1_2:
+
+1.2 My Apache server crashes when using phpMyAdmin.
+---------------------------------------------------
+
+You should first try the latest versions of Apache (and possibly MySQL). If
+your server keeps crashing, please ask for help in the various Apache support
+groups.
+
+.. seealso:: :ref:`faq1_1`
+
+.. _faq1_3:
+
+1.3 (withdrawn).
+----------------
+
+.. _faq1_4:
+
+1.4 Using phpMyAdmin on IIS, I'm displayed the error message: "The specified CGI application misbehaved by not returning a complete set of HTTP headers ...".
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+You just forgot to read the *install.txt* file from the PHP
+distribution. Have a look at the last message in this `PHP bug report #12061
+<http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=12061>`_ from the official PHP bug
+database.
+
+.. _faq1_5:
+
+1.5 Using phpMyAdmin on IIS, I'm facing crashes and/or many error messages with the HTTP.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This is a known problem with the PHP :term:`ISAPI` filter: it's not so stable.
+Please use instead the cookie authentication mode.
+
+.. _faq1_6:
+
+1.6 I can't use phpMyAdmin on PWS: nothing is displayed!
+--------------------------------------------------------
+
+This seems to be a PWS bug. Filippo Simoncini found a workaround (at
+this time there is no better fix): remove or comment the ``DOCTYPE``
+declarations (2 lines) from the scripts :file:`libraries/Header.class.php`
+and :file:`index.php`.
+
+.. _faq1_7:
+
+1.7 How can I GZip a dump or a CSV export? It does not seem to work.
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This feature is based on the ``gzencode()``
+PHP function to be more independent of the platform (Unix/Windows,
+Safe Mode or not, and so on). So, you must have Zlib support
+(``--with-zlib``).
+
+.. _faq1_8:
+
+1.8 I cannot insert a text file in a table, and I get an error about safe mode being in effect.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Your uploaded file is saved by PHP in the "upload dir", as defined in
+:file:`php.ini` by the variable ``upload_tmp_dir`` (usually the system
+default is */tmp*). We recommend the following setup for Apache
+servers running in safe mode, to enable uploads of files while being
+reasonably secure:
+
+* create a separate directory for uploads: :command:`mkdir /tmp/php`
+* give ownership to the Apache server's user.group: :command:`chown
+  apache.apache /tmp/php`
+* give proper permission: :command:`chmod 600 /tmp/php`
+* put ``upload_tmp_dir = /tmp/php`` in :file:`php.ini`
+* restart Apache
+
+.. _faq1_9:
+
+1.9 (withdrawn).
+----------------
+
+.. _faq1_10:
+
+1.10 I'm having troubles when uploading files with phpMyAdmin running on a secure server. My browser is Internet Explorer and I'm using the Apache server.
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+As suggested by "Rob M" in the phpWizard forum, add this line to your
+*httpd.conf*:
+
+.. code-block:: apache
+
+    SetEnvIf User-Agent ".*MSIE.*" nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown
+
+It seems to clear up many problems between Internet Explorer and SSL.
+
+.. _faq1_11:
+
+1.11 I get an 'open\_basedir restriction' while uploading a file from the query box.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Since version 2.2.4, phpMyAdmin supports servers with open\_basedir
+restrictions. However you need to create temporary directory and configure it
+as :config:option:`$cfg['TempDir']`. The uploaded files will be moved there,
+and after execution of your :term:`SQL` commands, removed.
+
+.. _faq1_12:
+
+1.12 I have lost my MySQL root password, what can I do?
+-------------------------------------------------------
+
+The MySQL manual explains how to `reset the permissions
+<http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/resetting-permissions.html>`_.
+
+.. _faq1_13:
+
+1.13 (withdrawn).
+-----------------
+
+.. _faq1_14:
+
+1.14 (withdrawn).
+-----------------
+
+.. _faq1_15:
+
+1.15 I have problems with *mysql.user* column names.
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+In previous MySQL versions, the ``User`` and ``Password``columns were
+named ``user`` and ``password``. Please modify your column names to
+align with current standards.
+
+.. _faq1_16:
+
+1.16 I cannot upload big dump files (memory, HTTP or timeout problems).
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Starting with version 2.7.0, the import engine has been re–written and
+these problems should not occur. If possible, upgrade your phpMyAdmin
+to the latest version to take advantage of the new import features.
+
+The first things to check (or ask your host provider to check) are the
+values of ``upload_max_filesize``, ``memory_limit`` and
+``post_max_size`` in the :file:`php.ini` configuration file. All of these
+three settings limit the maximum size of data that can be submitted
+and handled by PHP. One user also said that ``post_max_size`` and
+``memory_limit`` need to be larger than ``upload_max_filesize``.
+There exist several workarounds if your upload is too big or your
+hosting provider is unwilling to change the settings:
+
+* Look at the :config:option:`$cfg['UploadDir']` feature. This allows one to upload a file to the server
+  via scp, ftp, or your favorite file transfer method. PhpMyAdmin is
+  then able to import the files from the temporary directory. More
+  information is available in the :ref:`config`  of this document.
+* Using a utility (such as `BigDump
+  <http://www.ozerov.de/bigdump.php>`_) to split the files before
+  uploading. We cannot support this or any third party applications, but
+  are aware of users having success with it.
+* If you have shell (command line) access, use MySQL to import the files
+  directly. You can do this by issuing the "source" command from within
+  MySQL:
+
+  .. code-block:: mysql
+
+    source filename.sql;
+
+.. _faq1_17:
+
+1.17 Which MySQL versions does phpMyAdmin support?
+--------------------------------------------------
+
+Since phpMyAdmin 3.0.x, only MySQL 5.0.1 and newer are supported. For
+older MySQL versions, you need to use the latest 2.x branch.
+phpMyAdmin can connect to your MySQL server using PHP's classic `MySQL
+extension <http://php.net/mysql>`_ as well as the `improved MySQL
+extension (MySQLi) <http://php.net/mysqli>`_ that is available in PHP
+5.0. The latter one should be used unless you have a good reason not
+to do so. When compiling PHP, we strongly recommend that you manually
+link the MySQL extension of your choice to a MySQL client library of
+at least the same minor version since the one that is bundled with
+some PHP distributions is rather old and might cause problems see
+:ref:`faq1_17a`. `MariaDB <http://mariadb.org/>`_ is also supported
+(versions 5.1 and 5.2 were tested).
+
+.. versionchanged:: 3.5
+    Since phpMyAdmin 3.5 `Drizzle <http://www.drizzle.org/>`_ is supported.
+
+.. _faq1_17a:
+
+1.17a I cannot connect to the MySQL server. It always returns the error message, "Client does not support authentication protocol requested by server; consider upgrading MySQL client"
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+You tried to access MySQL with an old MySQL client library. The
+version of your MySQL client library can be checked in your phpinfo()
+output. In general, it should have at least the same minor version as
+your server - as mentioned in :ref:`faq1_17`. This problem is
+generally caused by using MySQL version 4.1 or newer. MySQL changed
+the authentication hash and your PHP is trying to use the old method.
+The proper solution is to use the `mysqli extension
+<http://www.php.net/mysqli>`_ with the proper client library to match
+your MySQL installation. More
+information (and several workarounds) are located in the `MySQL
+Documentation <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/old-client.html>`_.
+
+.. _faq1_18:
+
+1.18 (withdrawn).
+-----------------
+
+.. _faq1_19:
+
+1.19 I can't run the "display relations" feature because the script seems not to know the font face I'm using!
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The :term:`TCPDF` library we're using for this feature requires some special
+files to use font faces. Please refers to the `TCPDF manual
+<http://www.tcpdf.org/>`_ to build these files.
+
+.. _faqmysql:
+
+1.20 I receive an error about missing mysqli and mysql extensions.
+------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+To connect to a MySQL server, PHP needs a set of MySQL functions
+called "MySQL extension". This extension may be part of the PHP
+distribution (compiled-in), otherwise it needs to be loaded
+dynamically. Its name is probably *mysqli.so* or *php\_mysqli.dll*.
+phpMyAdmin tried to load the extension but failed. Usually, the
+problem is solved by installing a software package called "PHP-MySQL"
+or something similar.
+
+There are currently two interfaces PHP provides as MySQL extensions - ``mysql``
+and ``mysqli``. The ``mysqli`` is tried first, because it's the best one.
+
+.. _faq1_21:
+
+1.21 I am running the CGI version of PHP under Unix, and I cannot log in using cookie auth.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+In :file:`php.ini`, set ``mysql.max_links`` higher than 1.
+
+.. _faq1_22:
+
+1.22 I don't see the "Location of text file" field, so I cannot upload.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This is most likely because in :file:`php.ini`, your ``file_uploads``
+parameter is not set to "on".
+
+.. _faq1_23:
+
+1.23 I'm running MySQL on a Win32 machine. Each time I create a new table the table and column names are changed to lowercase!
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This happens because the MySQL directive ``lower_case_table_names``
+defaults to 1 (``ON``) in the Win32 version of MySQL. You can change
+this behavior by simply changing the directive to 0 (``OFF``): Just
+edit your ``my.ini`` file that should be located in your Windows
+directory and add the following line to the group [mysqld]:
+
+.. code-block:: ini
+
+    set-variable = lower_case_table_names=0
+
+Next, save the file and restart the MySQL service. You can always
+check the value of this directive using the query
+
+.. code-block:: mysql
+
+    SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'lower_case_table_names';
+
+.. _faq1_24:
+
+1.24 (withdrawn).
+-----------------
+
+.. _faq1_25:
+
+1.25 I am running Apache with mod\_gzip-1.3.26.1a on Windows XP, and I get problems, such as undefined variables when I run a SQL query.
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+A tip from Jose Fandos: put a comment on the following two lines in
+httpd.conf, like this:
+
+.. code-block:: apache
+
+
+    # mod_gzip_item_include file \.php$
+    # mod_gzip_item_include mime "application/x-httpd-php.*"
+
+as this version of mod\_gzip on Apache (Windows) has problems handling
+PHP scripts. Of course you have to restart Apache.
+
+.. _faq1_26:
+
+1.26 I just installed phpMyAdmin in my document root of IIS but I get the error "No input file specified" when trying to run phpMyAdmin.
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This is a permission problem. Right-click on the phpmyadmin folder and
+choose properties. Under the tab Security, click on "Add" and select
+the user "IUSR\_machine" from the list. Now set his permissions and it
+should work.
+
+.. _faq1_27:
+
+1.27 I get empty page when I want to view huge page (eg. db\_structure.php with plenty of tables).
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This was caused by a `PHP bug <http://bugs.php.net/21079>`_ that occur when
+GZIP output buffering is enabled. If you turn off it (by
+:config:option:`$cfg['OBGzip']` in :file:`config.inc.php`), it should work.
+This bug will has been fixed in PHP 5.0.0.
+
+.. _faq1_28:
+
+1.28 My MySQL server sometimes refuses queries and returns the message 'Errorcode: 13'. What does this mean?
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This can happen due to a MySQL bug when having database / table names
+with upper case characters although ``lower_case_table_names`` is
+set to 1. To fix this, turn off this directive, convert all database
+and table names to lower case and turn it on again. Alternatively,
+there's a bug-fix available starting with MySQL 3.23.56 /
+4.0.11-gamma.
+
+.. _faq1_29:
+
+1.29 When I create a table or modify a column, I get an error and the columns are duplicated.
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+It is possible to configure Apache in such a way that PHP has problems
+interpreting .php files.
+
+The problems occur when two different (and conflicting) set of
+directives are used:
+
+.. code-block:: apache
+
+
+    SetOutputFilter PHP
+    SetInputFilter PHP
+
+and
+
+.. code-block:: apache
+
+    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
+
+In the case we saw, one set of directives was in
+``/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf``, while the other set was in
+``/etc/httpd/conf/addon-modules/php.conf``. The recommended way is
+with ``AddType``, so just comment out the first set of lines and
+restart Apache:
+
+.. code-block:: apache
+
+
+    #SetOutputFilter PHP
+    #SetInputFilter PHP
+
+.. _faq1_30:
+
+1.30 I get the error "navigation.php: Missing hash".
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+This problem is known to happen when the server is running Turck
+MMCache but upgrading MMCache to version 2.3.21 solves the problem.
+
+.. _faq1_31:
+
+1.31 Does phpMyAdmin support PHP 5?
+-----------------------------------
+
+Yes.
+
+Since release 4.1 phpMyAdmin supports only PHP 5.3 and newer. For PHP 5.2 you
+can use 4.0.x releases.
+
+.. _faq1_32:
+
+1.32 Can I use HTTP authentication with IIS?
+--------------------------------------------
+
+Yes. This procedure was tested with phpMyAdmin 2.6.1, PHP 4.3.9 in
+:term:`ISAPI` mode under :term:`IIS` 5.1.
+
+#. In your :file:`php.ini` file, set ``cgi.rfc2616_headers = 0``
+#. In ``Web Site Properties -> File/Directory Security -> Anonymous
+   Access`` dialog box, check the ``Anonymous access`` checkbox and
+   uncheck any other checkboxes (i.e. uncheck ``Basic authentication``,
+   ``Integrated Windows authentication``, and ``Digest`` if it's
+   enabled.) Click ``OK``.
+#. In ``Custom Errors``, select the range of ``401;1`` through ``401;5``
+   and click the ``Set to Default`` button.
+
+.. seealso:: :rfc:`2616`
+
+.. _faq1_33:
+
+1.33 (withdrawn).
+-----------------
+
+.. _faq1_34:
+
+1.34 Can I access directly to database or table pages?
+------------------------------------------------------
+
+Yes. Out of the box, you can use :term:`URL` like
+http://server/phpMyAdmin/index.php?server=X&db=database&table=table&target=script.
+For ``server`` you use the server number
+which refers to the order of the server paragraph in
+:file:`config.inc.php`. Table and script parts are optional. If you want
+http://server/phpMyAdmin/database[/table][/script] :term:`URL`, you need to do some configuration. Following
+lines apply only for `Apache <http://httpd.apache.org>`_ web server.
+First make sure, that you have enabled some features within global
+configuration. You need ``Options FollowSymLinks`` and ``AllowOverride
+FileInfo`` enabled for directory where phpMyAdmin is installed and you
+need mod\_rewrite to be enabled. Then you just need to create
+following :term:`.htaccess` file in root folder of phpMyAdmin installation (don't
+forget to change directory name inside of it):
+
+.. code-block:: apache
+
+
+    RewriteEngine On
+    RewriteBase /path_to_phpMyAdmin
+    RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-z_]+\.php)$ index.php?db=$1&table=$2&target=$3 [R]
+    RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-z_]+\.php)$ index.php?db=$1&target=$2 [R]
+    RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)$ index.php?db=$1&table=$2 [R]
+    RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)$ index.php?db=$1 [R]
+
+.. _faq1_35:
+
+1.35 Can I use HTTP authentication with Apache CGI?
+---------------------------------------------------
+
+Yes. However you need to pass authentication variable to :term:`CGI` using
+following rewrite rule:
+
+.. code-block:: apache
+
+
+    RewriteEngine On
+    RewriteRule .* - [E=REMOTE_USER:%{HTTP:Authorization},L]
+
+.. _faq1_36:
+
+1.36 I get an error "500 Internal Server Error".
+------------------------------------------------
+
+There can be many explanations to this and a look at your server's
+error log file might give a clue.
+
+.. _faq1_37:
+
+1.37 I run phpMyAdmin on cluster of different machines and password encryption in cookie auth doesn't work.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+If your cluster consist of different architectures, PHP code used for
+encryption/decryption won't work correct. This is caused by use of
+pack/unpack functions in code. Only solution is to use mcrypt
+extension which works fine in this case.
+
+.. _faq1_38:
+
+1.38 Can I use phpMyAdmin on a server on which Suhosin is enabled?
+------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Yes but the default configuration values of Suhosin are known to cause
+problems with some operations, for example editing a table with many
+columns and no primary key or with textual primary key.
+
+Suhosin configuration might lead to malfunction in some cases and it
+can not be fully avoided as phpMyAdmin is kind of application which
+needs to transfer big amounts of columns in single HTTP request, what
+is something what Suhosin tries to prevent. Generally all
+``suhosin.request.*``, ``suhosin.post.*`` and ``suhosin.get.*``
+directives can have negative effect on phpMyAdmin usability. You can
+always find in your error logs which limit did cause dropping of
+variable, so you can diagnose the problem and adjust matching
+configuration variable.
+
+The default values for most Suhosin configuration options will work in
+most scenarios, however you might want to adjust at least following
+parameters:
+
+* `suhosin.request.max\_vars <http://www.hardened-
+  php.net/suhosin/configuration.html#suhosin.request.max_vars>`_ should
+  be increased (eg. 2048)
+* `suhosin.post.max\_vars <http://www.hardened-
+  php.net/suhosin/configuration.html#suhosin.post.max_vars>`_ should be
+  increased (eg. 2048)
+* `suhosin.request.max\_array\_index\_length <http://www.hardened-php.ne
+  t/suhosin/configuration.html#suhosin.request.max_array_index_length>`_
+  should be increased (eg. 256)
+* `suhosin.post.max\_array\_index\_length <http://www.hardened-php.net/s
+  uhosin/configuration.html#suhosin.post.max_array_index_length>`_
+  should be increased (eg. 256)
+* `suhosin.request.max\_totalname\_length <http://www.hardened-php.net/s
+  uhosin/configuration.html#suhosin.request.max_totalname_length>`_
+  should be increased (eg. 8192)
+* `suhosin.post.max\_totalname\_length <http://www.hardened-php.net/suho
+  sin/configuration.html#suhosin.post.max_totalname_length>`_ should be
+  increased (eg. 8192)
+* `suhosin.get.max\_value\_length <http://www.hardened-
+  php.net/suhosin/configuration.html#suhosin.get.max_value_length>`_
+  should be increased (eg. 1024)
+* `suhosin.sql.bailout\_on\_error <http://www.hardened-
+  php.net/suhosin/configuration.html#suhosin.sql.bailout_on_error>`_
+  needs to be disabled (the default)
+* `suhosin.log.\* <http://www.hardened-
+  php.net/suhosin/configuration.html#logging_configuration>`_ should not
+  include :term:`SQL`, otherwise you get big
+  slowdown
+
+You can also disable the warning using the :config:option:`$cfg['SuhosinDisableWarning']`.
+
+.. _faq1_39:
+
+1.39 When I try to connect via https, I can log in, but then my connection is redirected back to http. What can cause this behavior?
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Be sure that you have enabled ``SSLOptions`` and ``StdEnvVars`` in
+your Apache configuration.
+
+.. seealso:: <http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/mod/mod_ssl.html#ssloptions>
+
+.. _faq1_40:
+
+1.40 When accessing phpMyAdmin via an Apache reverse proxy, cookie login does not work.
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+To be able to use cookie auth Apache must know that it has to rewrite
+the set-cookie headers. Example from the Apache 2.2 documentation:
+
+.. code-block:: apache
+
+
+    ProxyPass /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/
+    ProxyPassReverse /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/
+    ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain backend.example.com public.example.com
+    ProxyPassReverseCookiePath / /mirror/foo/
+
+Note: if the backend url looks like http://host/~user/phpmyadmin, the
+tilde (~) must be url encoded as %7E in the ProxyPassReverse\* lines.
+This is not specific to phpmyadmin, it's just the behavior of Apache.
+
+.. code-block:: apache
+
+
+    ProxyPass /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/~user/phpmyadmin
+    ProxyPassReverse /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/%7Euser/phpmyadmin
+    ProxyPassReverseCookiePath /%7Euser/phpmyadmin /mirror/foo
+
+.. seealso:: <http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy.html>
+
+.. _faq1_41:
+
+1.41 When I view a database and ask to see its privileges, I get an error about an unknown column.
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The MySQL server's privilege tables are not up to date, you need to
+run the :command:`mysql_upgrade` command on the server.
+
+.. _faq1_42:
+
+1.42 How can I prevent robots from accessing phpMyAdmin?
+--------------------------------------------------------
+
+You can add various rules to :term:`.htaccess` to filter access based on user agent
+field. This is quite easy to circumvent, but could prevent at least
+some robots accessing your installation.
+
+.. code-block:: apache
+
+
+    RewriteEngine on
+
+    # Allow only GET and POST verbs
+    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} !^(GET|POST)$ [NC,OR]
+
+    # Ban Typical Vulnerability Scanners and others
+    # Kick out Script Kiddies
+    RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^(java|curl|wget).* [NC,OR]
+    RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(libwww-perl|curl|wget|python|nikto|wkito|pikto|scan|acunetix).* [NC,OR]
+    RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(winhttp|HTTrack|clshttp|archiver|loader|email|harvest|extract|grab|miner).* [NC,OR]
+
+    # Ban Search Engines, Crawlers to your administrative panel
+    # No reasons to access from bots
+    # Ultimately Better than the useless robots.txt
+    # Did google respect robots.txt?
+    # Try google: intitle:phpMyAdmin intext:"Welcome to phpMyAdmin *.*.*" intext:"Log in" -wiki -forum -forums -questions intext:"Cookies must be enabled"
+    RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(AdsBot-Google|ia_archiver|Scooter|Ask.Jeeves|Baiduspider|Exabot|FAST.Enterprise.Crawler|FAST-WebCrawler|www\.neomo\.de|Gigabot|Mediapartners-Google|Google.Desktop|Feedfetcher-Google|Googlebot|heise-IT-Markt-Crawler|heritrix|ibm.com\cs/crawler|ICCrawler|ichiro|MJ12bot|MetagerBot|msnbot-NewsBlogs|msnbot|msnbot-media|NG-Search|lucene.apache.org|NutchCVS|OmniExplorer_Bot|online.link.validator|psbot0|Seekbot|Sensis.Web.Crawler|SEO.search.Crawler|Seoma.\[SEO.Crawler\]|SEOsearch|Snappy|www.urltrends.com|www.tkl.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~crawler|SynooBot|crawleradmin.t-info@telekom.de|TurnitinBot|voyager|W3.SiteSearch.Crawler|W3C-checklink|W3C_Validator|www.WISEnutbot.com|yacybot|Yahoo-MMCrawler|Yahoo\!.DE.Slurp|Yahoo\!.Slurp|YahooSeeker).* [NC]
+    RewriteRule .* - [F]
+
+.. _faq1_43:
+
+1.43 Why can't I display the structure of my table containing hundreds of columns?
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Because your PHP's ``memory_limit`` is too low; adjust it in :file:`php.ini`.
+
+.. _faqconfig:
+
+Configuration
++++++++++++++
+
+.. _faq2_1:
+
+2.1 The error message "Warning: Cannot add header information - headers already sent by ..." is displayed, what's the problem?
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Edit your :file:`config.inc.php` file and ensure there is nothing (I.E. no
+blank lines, no spaces, no characters...) neither before the ``<?php`` tag at
+the beginning, neither after the ``?>`` tag at the end. We also got a report
+from a user under :term:`IIS`, that used a zipped distribution kit: the file
+:file:`libraries/Config.class.php` contained an end-of-line character (hex 0A)
+at the end; removing this character cleared his errors.
+
+.. _faq2_2:
+
+2.2 phpMyAdmin can't connect to MySQL. What's wrong?
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+Either there is an error with your PHP setup or your username/password
+is wrong. Try to make a small script which uses mysql\_connect and see
+if it works. If it doesn't, it may be you haven't even compiled MySQL
+support into PHP.
+
+.. _faq2_3:
+
+2.3 The error message "Warning: MySQL Connection Failed: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (111) ..." is displayed. What can I do?
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+For RedHat users, Harald Legner suggests this on the mailing list:
+
+On my RedHat-Box the socket of MySQL is */var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock*.
+In your :file:`php.ini` you will find a line
+
+.. code-block:: ini
+
+    mysql.default_socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
+
+change it to
+
+.. code-block:: ini
+
+    mysql.default_socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
+
+Then restart apache and it will work.
+
+Here is a fix suggested by Brad Ummer:
+
+* First, you need to determine what socket is being used by MySQL. To do
+  this, telnet to your server and go to the MySQL bin directory. In this
+  directory there should be a file named *mysqladmin*. Type
+  ``./mysqladmin variables``, and this should give you a bunch of info
+  about your MySQL server, including the socket (*/tmp/mysql.sock*, for
+  example).
+* Then, you need to tell PHP to use this socket. To do this in
+  phpMyAdmin, you need to complete the socket information in the
+  :file:`config.inc.php`. For example:
+  :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['socket']`  Please also make sure that
+  the permissions of this file allow to be readable by your webserver (i.e.
+  '0755').
+
+Have also a look at the `corresponding section of the MySQL
+documentation <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/en/can-not-connect-to-
+server.html>`_.
+
+.. _faq2_4:
+
+2.4 Nothing is displayed by my browser when I try to run phpMyAdmin, what can I do?
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Try to set the :config:option:`$cfg['OBGzip']` directive to ``false`` in the phpMyAdmin configuration
+file. It helps sometime. Also have a look at your PHP version number:
+if it contains "b" or "alpha" it means you're running a testing
+version of PHP. That's not a so good idea, please upgrade to a plain
+revision.
+
+.. _faq2_5:
+
+2.5 Each time I want to insert or change a row or drop a database or a table, an error 404 (page not found) is displayed or, with HTTP or cookie authentication, I'm asked to log in again. What's wrong?
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Check the value you set for the :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']` directive in the phpMyAdmin
+configuration file.
+
+.. _faq2_6:
+
+2.6 I get an "Access denied for user: 'root@localhost' (Using password: YES)"-error when trying to access a MySQL-Server on a host which is port-forwarded for my localhost.
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+When you are using a port on your localhost, which you redirect via
+port-forwarding to another host, MySQL is not resolving the localhost
+as expected. Erik Wasser explains: The solution is: if your host is
+"localhost" MySQL (the command line tool :command:`mysql` as well) always
+tries to use the socket connection for speeding up things. And that
+doesn't work in this configuration with port forwarding. If you enter
+"127.0.0.1" as hostname, everything is right and MySQL uses the
+:term:`TCP` connection.
+
+.. _faqthemes:
+
+2.7 Using and creating themes
+-----------------------------
+
+Themes are configured with :config:option:`$cfg['ThemePath']`,
+:config:option:`$cfg['ThemeManager']` and :config:option:`$cfg['ThemeDefault']`.
+Under :config:option:`$cfg['ThemePath']`, you should not delete the
+directory ``pmahomme`` or its underlying structure, because this is the
+system theme used by phpMyAdmin. ``pmahomme`` contains all images and
+styles, for backwards compatibility and for all themes that would not
+include images or css-files.  If :config:option:`$cfg['ThemeManager']`
+is enabled, you can select your favorite theme on the main page. Your selected
+theme will be stored in a cookie.
+
+To create a theme:
+
+* make a new subdirectory (for example "your\_theme\_name") under :config:option:`$cfg['ThemePath']` (by
+  default ``themes``)
+* copy the files and directories from ``pmahomme`` to "your\_theme\_name"
+* edit the css-files in "your\_theme\_name/css"
+* put your new images in "your\_theme\_name/img"
+* edit :file:`layout.inc.php` in "your\_theme\_name"
+* edit :file:`info.inc.php` in "your\_theme\_name" to contain your chosen
+  theme name, that will be visible in user interface
+* make a new screenshot of your theme and save it under
+  "your\_theme\_name/screen.png"
+
+In theme directory there is file :file:`info.inc.php` which contains theme
+verbose name, theme generation and theme version. These versions and
+generations are enumerated from 1 and do not have any direct
+dependence on phpMyAdmin version. Themes within same generation should
+be backwards compatible - theme with version 2 should work in
+phpMyAdmin requiring version 1. Themes with different generation are
+incompatible.
+
+If you do not want to use your own symbols and buttons, remove the
+directory "img" in "your\_theme\_name". phpMyAdmin will use the
+default icons and buttons (from the system-theme ``pmahomme``).
+
+.. _faqmissingparameters:
+
+2.8 I get "Missing parameters" errors, what can I do?
+-----------------------------------------------------
+
+Here are a few points to check:
+
+* In :file:`config.inc.php`, try to leave the :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']` directive empty. See also
+  :ref:`faq4_7`.
+* Maybe you have a broken PHP installation or you need to upgrade your
+  Zend Optimizer. See <http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=31134>.
+* If you are using Hardened PHP with the ini directive
+  ``varfilter.max_request_variables`` set to the default (200) or
+  another low value, you could get this error if your table has a high
+  number of columns. Adjust this setting accordingly. (Thanks to Klaus
+  Dorninger for the hint).
+* In the :file:`php.ini` directive ``arg_separator.input``, a value of ";"
+  will cause this error. Replace it with "&;".
+* If you are using `Hardened-PHP <http://www.hardened-php.net/>`_, you
+  might want to increase `request limits <http://www.hardened-
+  php.net/hphp/troubleshooting.html>`_.
+* The directory specified in the :file:`php.ini` directive
+  ``session.save_path`` does not exist or is read-only.
+
+.. _faq2_9:
+
+2.9 Seeing an upload progress bar
+---------------------------------
+
+To be able to see a progress bar during your uploads, your server must
+have the `APC <http://pecl.php.net/package/APC>`_ extension, the
+`uploadprogress <http://pecl.php.net/package/uploadprogress>`_ one, or
+you must be running PHP 5.4.0 or higher. Moreover, the JSON extension
+has to be enabled in your PHP.
+
+If using APC, you must set ``apc.rfc1867`` to ``on`` in your :file:`php.ini`.
+
+If using PHP 5.4.0 or higher, you must set
+``session.upload_progress.enabled`` to ``1`` in your :file:`php.ini`. However,
+starting from phpMyAdmin version 4.0.4, session-based upload progress has
+been temporarily deactivated due to its problematic behavior.
+
+.. seealso:: :rfc:`1867`
+
+.. _faqlimitations:
+
+Known limitations
++++++++++++++++++
+
+.. _login_bug:
+
+3.1 When using HTTP authentication, a user who logged out can not log in again in with the same nick.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This is related to the authentication mechanism (protocol) used by
+phpMyAdmin. To bypass this problem: just close all the opened browser
+windows and then go back to phpMyAdmin. You should be able to log in
+again.
+
+.. _faq3_2:
+
+3.2 When dumping a large table in compressed mode, I get a memory limit error or a time limit error.
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Compressed dumps are built in memory and because of this are limited
+to php's memory limit. For GZip/BZip2 exports this can be overcome
+since 2.5.4 using :config:option:`$cfg['CompressOnFly']` (enabled by default).
+Zip exports can not be handled this way, so if you need Zip files for larger
+dump, you have to use another way.
+
+.. _faq3_3:
+
+3.3 With InnoDB tables, I lose foreign key relationships when I rename a table or a column.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This is an InnoDB bug, see <http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=21704>.
+
+.. _faq3_4:
+
+3.4 I am unable to import dumps I created with the mysqldump tool bundled with the MySQL server distribution.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The problem is that older versions of ``mysqldump`` created invalid
+comments like this:
+
+.. code-block:: mysql
+
+
+    -- MySQL dump 8.22
+    --
+    -- Host: localhost Database: database
+    ---------------------------------------------------------
+    -- Server version 3.23.54
+
+The invalid part of the code is the horizontal line made of dashes
+that appears once in every dump created with mysqldump. If you want to
+run your dump you have to turn it into valid MySQL. This means, you
+have to add a whitespace after the first two dashes of the line or add
+a # before it:  ``-- -------------------------------------------------------`` or
+``#---------------------------------------------------------``
+
+.. _faq3_5:
+
+3.5 When using nested folders, multiple hierarchies are displayed in a wrong manner.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Please note that you should not use the separating string multiple
+times without any characters between them, or at the beginning/end of
+your table name. If you have to, think about using another
+TableSeparator or disabling that feature.
+
+.. seealso:: :config:option:`$cfg['NavigationTreeTableSeparator']`
+
+.. _faq3_6:
+
+3.6 (withdrawn).
+-----------------
+
+.. _faq3_7:
+
+3.7 I have table with many (100+) columns and when I try to browse table I get series of errors like "Warning: unable to parse url". How can this be fixed?
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Your table neither have a primary key nor an unique one, so we must
+use a long expression to identify this row. This causes problems to
+parse\_url function. The workaround is to create a primary or unique
+key.
+
+.. _faq3_8:
+
+3.8 I cannot use (clickable) HTML-forms in columns where I put a MIME-Transformation onto!
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Due to a surrounding form-container (for multi-row delete checkboxes),
+no nested forms can be put inside the table where phpMyAdmin displays
+the results. You can, however, use any form inside of a table if keep
+the parent form-container with the target to tbl\_row\_delete.php and
+just put your own input-elements inside. If you use a custom submit
+input field, the form will submit itself to the displaying page again,
+where you can validate the $HTTP\_POST\_VARS in a transformation. For
+a tutorial on how to effectively use transformations, see our `Link
+section <http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/docs.php>`_ on the
+official phpMyAdmin-homepage.
+
+.. _faq3_9:
+
+3.9 I get error messages when using "--sql\_mode=ANSI" for the MySQL server.
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+When MySQL is running in ANSI-compatibility mode, there are some major
+differences in how :term:`SQL` is structured (see
+<http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/ansi-mode.html>). Most important of all, the
+quote-character (") is interpreted as an identifier quote character and not as
+a string quote character, which makes many internal phpMyAdmin operations into
+invalid :term:`SQL` statements. There is no
+workaround to this behaviour.  News to this item will be posted in `Bug report
+#1013 <https://sourceforge.net/p/phpmyadmin/bugs/1013/>`_.
+
+.. _faq3_10:
+
+3.10 Homonyms and no primary key: When the results of a SELECT display more that one column with the same value (for example ``SELECT lastname from employees where firstname like 'A%'`` and two "Smith" values are displayed), if I click Edit I cannot be sure that I am editing the intended row.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Please make sure that your table has a primary key, so that phpMyAdmin
+can use it for the Edit and Delete links.
+
+.. _faq3_11:
+
+3.11 The number of rows for InnoDB tables is not correct.
+---------------------------------------------------------
+
+phpMyAdmin uses a quick method to get the row count, and this method only
+returns an approximate count in the case of InnoDB tables. See
+:config:option:`$cfg['MaxExactCount']` for a way to modify those results, but
+this could have a serious impact on performance.
+However, one can easily replace the approximate row count with exact count by
+simply clicking on the approximate count. This can also be done for all tables
+at once by clicking on the rows sum displayed at the bottom.
+
+.. _faq3_12:
+
+3.12 (withdrawn).
+-----------------
+
+.. _faq3_13:
+
+3.13 I get an error when entering ``USE`` followed by a db name containing an hyphen.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The tests I have made with MySQL 5.1.49 shows that the API does not
+accept this syntax for the USE command.
+
+.. _faq3_14:
+
+3.14 I am not able to browse a table when I don't have the right to SELECT one of the columns.
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This has been a known limitation of phpMyAdmin since the beginning and
+it's not likely to be solved in the future.
+
+.. _faq3_15:
+
+3.15 (withdrawn).
+-----------------
+
+.. _faq3_16:
+
+3.16 (withdrawn).
+-----------------
+
+.. _faq3_17:
+
+3.17 (withdrawn).
+-----------------
+
+.. _faq3_18:
+
+3.18 When I import a CSV file that contains multiple tables, they are lumped together into a single table.
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+There is no reliable way to differentiate tables in :term:`CSV` format. For the
+time being, you will have to break apart :term:`CSV` files containing multiple
+tables.
+
+.. _faq3_19:
+
+3.19 When I import a file and have phpMyAdmin determine the appropriate data structure it only uses int, decimal, and varchar types.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Currently, the import type-detection system can only assign these
+MySQL types to columns. In future, more will likely be added but for
+the time being you will have to edit the structure to your liking
+post-import.  Also, you should note the fact that phpMyAdmin will use
+the size of the largest item in any given column as the column size
+for the appropriate type. If you know you will be adding larger items
+to that column then you should manually adjust the column sizes
+accordingly. This is done for the sake of efficiency.
+
+.. _faq3_20:
+
+3.20 After upgrading, some bookmarks are gone or their content cannot be shown.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+At some point, the character set used to store bookmark content has changed.
+It's better to recreate your bookmark from the newer phpMyAdmin version.
+
+.. _faqmultiuser:
+
+ISPs, multi-user installations
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+.. _faq4_1:
+
+4.1 I'm an ISP. Can I setup one central copy of phpMyAdmin or do I need to install it for each customer?
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Since version 2.0.3, you can setup a central copy of phpMyAdmin for all your
+users. The development of this feature was kindly sponsored by NetCologne GmbH.
+This requires a properly setup MySQL user management and phpMyAdmin
+:term:`HTTP` or cookie authentication.
+
+.. seealso:: :ref:`authentication_modes`
+
+.. _faq4_2:
+
+4.2 What's the preferred way of making phpMyAdmin secure against evil access?
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This depends on your system. If you're running a server which cannot be
+accessed by other people, it's sufficient to use the directory protection
+bundled with your webserver (with Apache you can use :term:`.htaccess` files,
+for example). If other people have telnet access to your server, you should use
+phpMyAdmin's :term:`HTTP` or cookie authentication features.
+
+Suggestions:
+
+* Your :file:`config.inc.php` file should be ``chmod 660``.
+* All your phpMyAdmin files should be chown -R phpmy.apache, where phpmy
+  is a user whose password is only known to you, and apache is the group
+  under which Apache runs.
+* Follow security recommendations for PHP and your webserver.
+
+.. _faq4_3:
+
+4.3 I get errors about not being able to include a file in */lang* or in */libraries*.
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Check :file:`php.ini`, or ask your sysadmin to check it. The
+``include_path`` must contain "." somewhere in it, and
+``open_basedir``, if used, must contain "." and "./lang" to allow
+normal operation of phpMyAdmin.
+
+.. _faq4_4:
+
+4.4 phpMyAdmin always gives "Access denied" when using HTTP authentication.
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This could happen for several reasons:
+
+* :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser']` and/or :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass']`  are wrong.
+* The username/password you specify in the login dialog are invalid.
+* You have already setup a security mechanism for the phpMyAdmin-
+  directory, eg. a :term:`.htaccess` file. This would interfere with phpMyAdmin's
+  authentication, so remove it.
+
+.. _faq4_5:
+
+4.5 Is it possible to let users create their own databases?
+-----------------------------------------------------------
+
+Starting with 2.2.5, in the user management page, you can enter a
+wildcard database name for a user (for example "joe%"), and put the
+privileges you want. For example, adding ``SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE,
+DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER`` would let a user create/manage
+his/her database(s).
+
+.. _faq4_6:
+
+4.6 How can I use the Host-based authentication additions?
+----------------------------------------------------------
+
+If you have existing rules from an old :term:`.htaccess` file, you can take them and
+add a username between the ``'deny'``/``'allow'`` and ``'from'``
+strings. Using the username wildcard of ``'%'`` would be a major
+benefit here if your installation is suited to using it. Then you can
+just add those updated lines into the
+:config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules']` array.
+
+If you want a pre-made sample, you can try this fragment. It stops the
+'root' user from logging in from any networks other than the private
+network :term:`IP` blocks.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+
+    //block root from logging in except from the private networks
+    $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['order'] = 'deny,allow';
+    $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules'] = array(
+        'deny root from all',
+        'allow root from localhost',
+        'allow root from 10.0.0.0/8',
+        'allow root from 192.168.0.0/16',
+        'allow root from 172.16.0.0/12',
+    );
+
+.. _faq4_7:
+
+4.7 Authentication window is displayed more than once, why?
+-----------------------------------------------------------
+
+This happens if you are using a :term:`URL` to start phpMyAdmin which is
+different than the one set in your :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']`. For
+example, a missing "www", or entering with an :term:`IP` address while a domain
+name is defined in the config file.
+
+.. _faq4_8:
+
+4.8 Which parameters can I use in the URL that starts phpMyAdmin?
+-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+When starting phpMyAdmin, you can use the ``db``, ``pma_username``,
+``pma_password`` and ``server`` parameters. This last one can contain
+either the numeric host index (from ``$i`` of the configuration file)
+or one of the host names present in the configuration file. Using
+``pma_username`` and ``pma_password`` has been tested along with the
+usage of 'cookie' ``auth_type``.
+
+.. _faqbrowsers:
+
+Browsers or client OS
++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+.. _faq5_1:
+
+5.1 I get an out of memory error, and my controls are non-functional, when trying to create a table with more than 14 columns.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+We could reproduce this problem only under Win98/98SE. Testing under
+WinNT4 or Win2K, we could easily create more than 60 columns.  A
+workaround is to create a smaller number of columns, then come back to
+your table properties and add the other columns.
+
+.. _faq5_2:
+
+5.2 With Xitami 2.5b4, phpMyAdmin won't process form fields.
+------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This is not a phpMyAdmin problem but a Xitami known bug: you'll face
+it with each script/website that use forms. Upgrade or downgrade your
+Xitami server.
+
+.. _faq5_3:
+
+5.3 I have problems dumping tables with Konqueror (phpMyAdmin 2.2.2).
+---------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+With Konqueror 2.1.1: plain dumps, zip and GZip dumps work ok, except
+that the proposed file name for the dump is always 'tbl\_dump.php'.
+Bzip2 dumps don't seem to work. With Konqueror 2.2.1: plain dumps
+work; zip dumps are placed into the user's temporary directory, so
+they must be moved before closing Konqueror, or else they disappear.
+GZip dumps give an error message. Testing needs to be done for
+Konqueror 2.2.2.
+
+.. _faq5_4:
+
+5.4 I can't use the cookie authentication mode because Internet Explorer never stores the cookies.
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+MS Internet Explorer seems to be really buggy about cookies, at least
+till version 6.
+
+.. _faq5_5:
+
+5.5 In Internet Explorer 5.0, I get JavaScript errors when browsing my rows.
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Upgrade to at least Internet Explorer 5.5 SP2.
+
+.. _faq5_6:
+
+5.6 In Internet Explorer 5.0, 5.5 or 6.0, I get an error (like "Page not found") when trying to modify a row in a table with many columns, or with a text column.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Your table neither have a primary key nor an unique one, so we must use a long
+:term:`URL` to identify this row. There is a limit on the length of the
+:term:`URL` in those browsers, and this not happen in Netscape, for example.
+The workaround is to create a primary or unique key, or use another browser.
+
+.. _faq5_7:
+
+5.7 I refresh (reload) my browser, and come back to the welcome page.
+---------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Some browsers support right-clicking into the frame you want to
+refresh, just do this in the right frame.
+
+.. _faq5_8:
+
+5.8 With Mozilla 0.9.7 I have problems sending a query modified in the query box.
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Looks like a Mozilla bug: 0.9.6 was OK. We will keep an eye on future
+Mozilla versions.
+
+.. _faq5_9:
+
+5.9 With Mozilla 0.9.? to 1.0 and Netscape 7.0-PR1 I can't type a whitespace in the SQL-Query edit area: the page scrolls down.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This is a Mozilla bug (see bug #26882 at `BugZilla
+<http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/>`_).
+
+.. _faq5_10:
+
+5.10 With Netscape 4.75 I get empty rows between each row of data in a CSV exported file.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This is a known Netscape 4.75 bug: it adds some line feeds when
+exporting data in octet-stream mode. Since we can't detect the
+specific Netscape version, we cannot workaround this bug.
+
+.. _faq5_11:
+
+5.11 Extended-ASCII characters like German umlauts are displayed wrong.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Please ensure that you have set your browser's character set to the
+one of the language file you have selected on phpMyAdmin's start page.
+Alternatively, you can try the auto detection mode that is supported
+by the recent versions of the most browsers.
+
+.. _faq5_12:
+
+5.12 Mac OS X Safari browser changes special characters to "?".
+---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This issue has been reported by a :term:`Mac OS X` user, who adds that Chimera,
+Netscape and Mozilla do not have this problem.
+
+.. _faq5_13:
+
+5.13 With Internet Explorer 5.5 or 6, and HTTP authentication type, I cannot manage two servers: I log in to the first one, then the other one, but if I switch back to the first, I have to log in on each operation.
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This is a bug in Internet Explorer, other browsers do not behave this
+way.
+
+.. _faq5_14:
+
+5.14 Using Opera6, I can manage to get to the authentication, but nothing happens after that, only a blank screen.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Please upgrade to Opera7 at least.
+
+.. _faq5_15:
+
+5.15 I have display problems with Safari.
+-----------------------------------------
+
+Please upgrade to at least version 1.2.3.
+
+.. _faq5_16:
+
+5.16 With Internet Explorer, I get "Access is denied" Javascript errors. Or I cannot make phpMyAdmin work under Windows.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Please check the following points:
+
+* Maybe you have defined your :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']` setting in
+  :file:`config.inc.php` to an :term:`IP` address and you are starting phpMyAdmin
+  with a :term:`URL` containing a domain name, or the reverse situation.
+* Security settings in IE and/or Microsoft Security Center are too high,
+  thus blocking scripts execution.
+* The Windows Firewall is blocking Apache and MySQL. You must allow
+  :term:`HTTP` ports (80 or 443) and MySQL
+  port (usually 3306) in the "in" and "out" directions.
+
+.. _faq5_17:
+
+5.17 With Firefox, I cannot delete rows of data or drop a database.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Many users have confirmed that the Tabbrowser Extensions plugin they
+installed in their Firefox is causing the problem.
+
+.. _faq5_18:
+
+5.18 With Konqueror 4.2.x an invalid ``LIMIT`` clause is generated when I browse a table.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This happens only when both of these conditions are met: using the
+``http`` authentication mode and ``register_globals`` being set to
+``On`` on the server. It seems to be a browser-specific problem;
+meanwhile use the ``cookie`` authentication mode.
+
+.. _faq5_19:
+
+5.19 I get JavaScript errors in my browser.
+-------------------------------------------
+
+Issues have been reported with some combinations of browser
+extensions. To troubleshoot, disable all extensions then clear your
+browser cache to see if the problem goes away.
+
+.. _faqusing:
+
+Using phpMyAdmin
+++++++++++++++++
+
+.. _faq6_1:
+
+6.1 I can't insert new rows into a table / I can't create a table - MySQL brings up a SQL error.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Examine the :term:`SQL` error with care.
+Often the problem is caused by specifying a wrong column-type. Common
+errors include:
+
+* Using ``VARCHAR`` without a size argument
+* Using ``TEXT`` or ``BLOB`` with a size argument
+
+Also, look at the syntax chapter in the MySQL manual to confirm that
+your syntax is correct.
+
+.. _faq6_2:
+
+6.2 When I create a table, I set an index for two columns and phpMyAdmin generates only one index with those two columns.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This is the way to create a multi-columns index. If you want two
+indexes, create the first one when creating the table, save, then
+display the table properties and click the Index link to create the
+other index.
+
+.. _faq6_3:
+
+6.3 How can I insert a null value into my table?
+------------------------------------------------
+
+Since version 2.2.3, you have a checkbox for each column that can be
+null. Before 2.2.3, you had to enter "null", without the quotes, as
+the column's value. Since version 2.5.5, you have to use the checkbox
+to get a real NULL value, so if you enter "NULL" this means you want a
+literal NULL in the column, and not a NULL value (this works in PHP4).
+
+.. _faq6_4:
+
+6.4 How can I backup my database or table?
+------------------------------------------
+
+Click on a database or table name in the navigation panel, the properties will
+be displayed. Then on the menu, click "Export", you can dump the structure, the
+data, or both. This will generate standard :term:`SQL` statements that can be
+used to recreate your database/table.  You will need to choose "Save as file",
+so that phpMyAdmin can transmit the resulting dump to your station.  Depending
+on your PHP configuration, you will see options to compress the dump. See also
+the :config:option:`$cfg['ExecTimeLimit']` configuration variable. For
+additional help on this subject, look for the word "dump" in this document.
+
+.. _faq6_5:
+
+6.5 How can I restore (upload) my database or table using a dump? How can I run a ".sql" file?
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Click on a database name in the navigation panel, the properties will
+be displayed. Select "Import" from the list of tabs in the right–hand
+frame (or ":term:`SQL`" if your phpMyAdmin
+version is previous to 2.7.0). In the "Location of the text file"
+section, type in the path to your dump filename, or use the Browse
+button. Then click Go.  With version 2.7.0, the import engine has been
+re–written, if possible it is suggested that you upgrade to take
+advantage of the new features.  For additional help on this subject,
+look for the word "upload" in this document.
+
+.. _faq6_6:
+
+6.6 How can I use the relation table in Query-by-example?
+---------------------------------------------------------
+
+Here is an example with the tables persons, towns and countries, all
+located in the database "mydb". If you don't have a ``pma__relation``
+table, create it as explained in the configuration section. Then
+create the example tables:
+
+.. code-block:: mysql
+
+
+    CREATE TABLE REL_countries (
+    country_code char(1) NOT NULL default '',
+    description varchar(10) NOT NULL default '',
+    PRIMARY KEY (country_code)
+    ) TYPE=MyISAM;
+
+    INSERT INTO REL_countries VALUES ('C', 'Canada');
+
+    CREATE TABLE REL_persons (
+    id tinyint(4) NOT NULL auto_increment,
+    person_name varchar(32) NOT NULL default '',
+    town_code varchar(5) default '0',
+    country_code char(1) NOT NULL default '',
+    PRIMARY KEY (id)
+    ) TYPE=MyISAM;
+
+    INSERT INTO REL_persons VALUES (11, 'Marc', 'S', '');
+    INSERT INTO REL_persons VALUES (15, 'Paul', 'S', 'C');
+
+    CREATE TABLE REL_towns (
+    town_code varchar(5) NOT NULL default '0',
+    description varchar(30) NOT NULL default '',
+    PRIMARY KEY (town_code)
+    ) TYPE=MyISAM;
+
+    INSERT INTO REL_towns VALUES ('S', 'Sherbrooke');
+    INSERT INTO REL_towns VALUES ('M', 'Montréal');
+
+To setup appropriate links and display information:
+
+* on table "REL\_persons" click Structure, then Relation view
+* for "town\_code", choose from dropdowns, "mydb", "REL\_towns", "code"
+  for foreign database, table and column respectively
+* for "country\_code", choose  from dropdowns, "mydb", "REL\_countries",
+  "country\_code" for foreign database, table and column respectively
+* on table "REL\_towns" click Structure, then Relation view
+* in "Choose column to display", choose "description"
+* repeat the two previous steps for table "REL\_countries"
+
+Then test like this:
+
+* Click on your db name in the navigation panel
+* Choose "Query"
+* Use tables: persons, towns, countries
+* Click "Update query"
+* In the columns row, choose persons.person\_name and click the "Show"
+  tickbox
+* Do the same for towns.description and countries.descriptions in the
+  other 2 columns
+* Click "Update query" and you will see in the query box that the
+  correct joins have been generated
+* Click "Submit query"
+
+.. _faqdisplay:
+
+6.7 How can I use the "display column" feature?
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+Starting from the previous example, create the ``pma__table_info`` as
+explained in the configuration section, then browse your persons
+table, and move the mouse over a town code or country code.  See also
+:ref:`faq6_21` for an additional feature that "display column"
+enables: drop-down list of possible values.
+
+.. _faqpdf:
+
+6.8 How can I produce a PDF schema of my database?
+--------------------------------------------------
+
+First the configuration variables "relation", "table\_coords" and
+"pdf\_pages" have to be filled in.  Then you need to think about your
+schema layout. Which tables will go on which pages?
+
+* Select your database in the navigation panel.
+* Choose "Operations" in the navigation bar at the top.
+* Choose "Edit :term:`PDF` Pages" near the
+  bottom of the page.
+* Enter a name for the first :term:`PDF` page
+  and click Go. If you like, you can use the "automatic layout," which
+  will put all your linked tables onto the new page.
+* Select the name of the new page (making sure the Edit radio button is
+  selected) and click Go.
+* Select a table from the list, enter its coordinates and click Save.
+  Coordinates are relative; your diagram will be automatically scaled to
+  fit the page. When initially placing tables on the page, just pick any
+  coordinates -- say, 50x50. After clicking Save, you can then use the
+  :ref:`wysiwyg` to position the element correctly.
+* When you'd like to look at your :term:`PDF`, first be sure to click the Save
+  button beneath the list of tables and coordinates, to save any changes you
+  made there. Then scroll all the way down, select the :term:`PDF` options you
+  want, and click Go.
+* Internet Explorer for Windows may suggest an incorrect filename when
+  you try to save a generated :term:`PDF`.
+  When saving a generated :term:`PDF`, be
+  sure that the filename ends in ".pdf", for example "schema.pdf".
+  Browsers on other operating systems, and other browsers on Windows, do
+  not have this problem.
+
+.. _faq6_9:
+
+6.9 phpMyAdmin is changing the type of one of my columns!
+---------------------------------------------------------
+
+No, it's MySQL that is doing `silent column type changing
+<http://dev.mysql.com/doc/en/silent-column-changes.html>`_.
+
+.. _underscore:
+
+6.10 When creating a privilege, what happens with underscores in the database name?
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+If you do not put a backslash before the underscore, this is a
+wildcard grant, and the underscore means "any character". So, if the
+database name is "john\_db", the user would get rights to john1db,
+john2db ... If you put a backslash before the underscore, it means
+that the database name will have a real underscore.
+
+.. _faq6_11:
+
+6.11 What is the curious symbol ø in the statistics pages?
+----------------------------------------------------------
+
+It means "average".
+
+.. _faqexport:
+
+6.12 I want to understand some Export options.
+----------------------------------------------
+
+**Structure:**
+
+* "Add DROP TABLE" will add a line telling MySQL to `drop the table
+  <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/drop-table.html>`_, if it already
+  exists during the import. It does NOT drop the table after your
+  export, it only affects the import file.
+* "If Not Exists" will only create the table if it doesn't exist.
+  Otherwise, you may get an error if the table name exists but has a
+  different structure.
+* "Add AUTO\_INCREMENT value" ensures that AUTO\_INCREMENT value (if
+  any) will be included in backup.
+* "Enclose table and column names with backquotes" ensures that column
+  and table names formed with special characters are protected.
+* "Add into comments" includes column comments, relations, and MIME
+  types set in the pmadb in the dump as :term:`SQL` comments
+  (*/\* xxx \*/*).
+
+**Data:**
+
+* "Complete inserts" adds the column names on every INSERT command, for
+  better documentation (but resulting file is bigger).
+* "Extended inserts" provides a shorter dump file by using only once the
+  INSERT verb and the table name.
+* "Delayed inserts" are best explained in the `MySQL manual - INSERT DELAYED Syntax
+  <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/insert-delayed.html>`_.
+* "Ignore inserts" treats errors as a warning instead. Again, more info
+  is provided in the `MySQL manual - INSERT Syntax
+  <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/insert.html>`_, but basically with
+  this selected, invalid values are adjusted and inserted rather than
+  causing the entire statement to fail.
+
+.. _faq6_13:
+
+6.13 I would like to create a database with a dot in its name.
+--------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This is a bad idea, because in MySQL the syntax "database.table" is
+the normal way to reference a database and table name. Worse, MySQL
+will usually let you create a database with a dot, but then you cannot
+work with it, nor delete it.
+
+.. _faqsqlvalidator:
+
+6.14 (withdrawn).
+-----------------
+
+.. _faq6_15:
+
+6.15 I want to add a BLOB column and put an index on it, but MySQL says "BLOB column '...' used in key specification without a key length".
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The right way to do this, is to create the column without any indexes,
+then display the table structure and use the "Create an index" dialog.
+On this page, you will be able to choose your BLOB column, and set a
+size to the index, which is the condition to create an index on a BLOB
+column.
+
+.. _faq6_16:
+
+6.16 How can I simply move in page with plenty editing fields?
+--------------------------------------------------------------
+
+You can use :kbd:`Ctrl+arrows` (:kbd:`Option+Arrows` in Safari) for moving on
+most pages with many editing fields (table structure changes, row editing,
+etc.).
+
+.. _faq6_17:
+
+6.17 Transformations: I can't enter my own mimetype! WTF is this feature then useful for?
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Slow down :). Defining mimetypes is of no use, if you can't put
+transformations on them. Otherwise you could just put a comment on the
+column. Because entering your own mimetype will cause serious syntax
+checking issues and validation, this introduces a high-risk false-
+user-input situation. Instead you have to initialize mimetypes using
+functions or empty mimetype definitions.
+
+Plus, you have a whole overview of available mimetypes. Who knows all those
+mimetypes by heart so he/she can enter it at will?
+
+.. _faqbookmark:
+
+6.18 Bookmarks: Where can I store bookmarks? Why can't I see any bookmarks below the query box? What is this variable for?
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Any query you have executed can be stored as a bookmark on the page
+where the results are displayed. You will find a button labeled
+'Bookmark this query' just at the end of the page. As soon as you have
+stored a bookmark, it is related to the database you run the query on.
+You can now access a bookmark dropdown on each page, the query box
+appears on for that database.
+
+You can also have, inside the query, a placeholder for a variable.
+This is done by inserting into the query a SQL comment between ``/*`` and
+``*/``. Inside the comment, the special string ``[VARIABLE]`` is used.
+Be aware that the whole query minus the SQL comment must be
+valid by itself, otherwise you won't be able to store it as a bookmark.
+
+When you execute the bookmark, everything typed into the *value*
+input box on the query box page will replace the string ``/*[VARIABLE]*/`` in
+your stored query.
+
+Also remember, that everything else inside the ``/*[VARIABLE]*/`` string for
+your query will remain the way it is, but will be stripped of the ``/**/``
+chars. So you can use:
+
+.. code-block:: mysql
+
+    /*, [VARIABLE] AS myname */
+
+which will be expanded to
+
+.. code-block:: mysql
+
+    , VARIABLE as myname
+
+in your query, where VARIABLE is the string you entered in the input box. If an
+empty string is provided, no replacements are made.
+
+A more complex example. Say you have stored
+this query:
+
+.. code-block:: mysql
+
+    SELECT Name, Address FROM addresses WHERE 1 /* AND Name LIKE '%[VARIABLE]%' */
+
+Say, you now enter "phpMyAdmin" as the variable for the stored query, the full
+query will be:
+
+.. code-block:: mysql
+
+    SELECT Name, Address FROM addresses WHERE 1 AND Name LIKE '%phpMyAdmin%'
+
+You can use multiple occurrences of ``/*[VARIABLE]*/`` in a single query
+(that is, multiple occurrences of the *same* variable).
+
+**NOTE THE ABSENCE OF SPACES** inside the ``/**/`` construct. Any spaces
+inserted there will be later also inserted as spaces in your query and may lead
+to unexpected results especially when using the variable expansion inside of a
+"LIKE ''" expression.
+
+Your initial query which is going to be stored as a bookmark has to yield at
+least one result row so you can store the bookmark. You may have that to work
+around using well positioned ``/**/`` comments.
+
+.. _faq6_19:
+
+6.19 How can I create simple LATEX document to include exported table?
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+You can simply include table in your LATEX documents,
+minimal sample document should look like following one (assuming you
+have table exported in file :file:`table.tex`):
+
+.. code-block:: latex
+
+
+    \documentclass{article} % or any class you want
+    \usepackage{longtable}  % for displaying table
+    \begin{document}        % start of document
+    \include{table}         % including exported table
+    \end{document}          % end of document
+
+.. _faq6_20:
+
+6.20 I see a lot of databases which are not mine, and cannot access them.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+You have one of these global privileges: CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, SHOW
+DATABASES, LOCK TABLES. Those privileges also enable users to see all the
+database names. So if your users do not need those privileges, you can remove
+them and their databases list will shorten.
+
+.. seealso:: <http://bugs.mysql.com/179>
+
+.. _faq6_21:
+
+6.21 In edit/insert mode, how can I see a list of possible values for a column, based on some foreign table?
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+You have to setup appropriate links between the tables, and also setup
+the "display column" in the foreign table. See :ref:`faq6_6` for an
+example. Then, if there are 100 values or less in the foreign table, a
+drop-down list of values will be available. You will see two lists of
+values, the first list containing the key and the display column, the
+second list containing the display column and the key. The reason for
+this is to be able to type the first letter of either the key or the
+display column. For 100 values or more, a distinct window will appear,
+to browse foreign key values and choose one. To change the default
+limit of 100, see :config:option:`$cfg['ForeignKeyMaxLimit']`.
+
+
+.. _faq6_22:
+
+6.22 Bookmarks: Can I execute a default bookmark automatically when entering Browse mode for a table?
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Yes. If a bookmark has the same label as a table name and it's not a
+public bookmark, it will be executed.
+
+.. _faq6_23:
+
+6.23 Export: I heard phpMyAdmin can export Microsoft Excel files?
+-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+You can use :term:`CSV` for Microsoft Excel,
+which works out of the box.
+
+.. versionchanged:: 3.4.5
+    Since phpMyAdmin 3.4.5 support for direct export to Microsoft Excel version
+    97 and newer was dropped.
+
+.. _faq6_24:
+
+6.24 Now that phpMyAdmin supports native MySQL 4.1.x column comments, what happens to my column comments stored in pmadb?
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Automatic migration of a table's pmadb-style column comments to the
+native ones is done whenever you enter Structure page for this table.
+
+.. _faq6_25:
+
+6.25 (withdrawn).
+-----------------
+
+.. _faq6_26:
+
+6.26 How can I select a range of rows?
+--------------------------------------
+
+Click the first row of the range, hold the shift key and click the
+last row of the range. This works everywhere you see rows, for example
+in Browse mode or on the Structure page.
+
+.. _faq6_27:
+
+6.27 What format strings can I use?
+-----------------------------------
+
+In all places where phpMyAdmin accepts format strings, you can use
+``@VARIABLE@`` expansion and `strftime <http://php.net/strftime>`_
+format strings. The expanded variables depend on a context (for
+example, if you haven't chosen a table, you can not get the table
+name), but the following variables can be used:
+
+``@HTTP_HOST@``
+    HTTP host that runs phpMyAdmin
+``@SERVER@``
+    MySQL server name
+``@VERBOSE@``
+    Verbose MySQL server name as defined in :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['verbose']`
+``@VSERVER@``
+    Verbose MySQL server name if set, otherwise normal
+``@DATABASE@``
+    Currently opened database
+``@TABLE@``
+    Currently opened table
+``@COLUMNS@``
+    Columns of the currently opened table
+``@PHPMYADMIN@``
+    phpMyAdmin with version
+
+.. _wysiwyg:
+
+6.28 How can I easily edit relational schema for export?
+--------------------------------------------------------
+
+By clicking on the button 'toggle scratchboard' on the page where you
+edit x/y coordinates of those elements you can activate a scratchboard
+where all your elements are placed. By clicking on an element, you can
+move them around in the pre-defined area and the x/y coordinates will
+get updated dynamically. Likewise, when entering a new position
+directly into the input field, the new position in the scratchboard
+changes after your cursor leaves the input field.
+
+You have to click on the 'OK'-button below the tables to save the new
+positions. If you want to place a new element, first add it to the
+table of elements and then you can drag the new element around.
+
+By changing the paper size and the orientation you can change the size
+of the scratchboard as well. You can do so by just changing the
+dropdown field below, and the scratchboard will resize automatically,
+without interfering with the current placement of the elements.
+
+If ever an element gets out of range you can either enlarge the paper
+size or click on the 'reset' button to place all elements below each
+other.
+
+.. _faq6_29:
+
+6.29 Why can't I get a chart from my query result table?
+--------------------------------------------------------
+
+Not every table can be put to the chart. Only tables with one, two or
+three columns can be visualised as a chart. Moreover the table must be
+in a special format for chart script to understand it. Currently
+supported formats can be found in the `wiki <http://wiki.phpmyadmin.ne
+t/pma/Charts#Data_formats_for_query_results_chart>`_.
+
+.. _faq6_30:
+
+6.30 Import: How can I import ESRI Shapefiles?
+----------------------------------------------
+
+An ESRI Shapefile is actually a set of several files, where .shp file
+contains geometry data and .dbf file contains data related to those
+geometry data. To read data from .dbf file you need to have PHP
+compiled with the dBase extension (--enable-dbase). Otherwise only
+geometry data will be imported.
+
+To upload these set of files you can use either of the following
+methods:
+
+Configure upload directory with :config:option:`$cfg['UploadDir']`, upload both .shp and .dbf files with
+the same filename and chose the .shp file from the import page.
+
+Create a Zip archive with .shp and .dbf files and import it. For this
+to work, you need to set :config:option:`$cfg['TempDir']` to a place where the web server user can
+write (for example ``'./tmp'``).
+
+To create the temporary directory on a UNIX-based system, you can do:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+    cd phpMyAdmin
+    mkdir tmp
+    chmod o+rwx tmp
+
+.. _faq6_31:
+
+6.31 How do I create a relation in designer?
+--------------------------------------------
+
+To select relation, click:  The display column is shown in pink. To
+set/unset a column as the display column, click the "Choose column to
+display" icon, then click on the appropriate column name.
+
+.. _faq6_32:
+
+6.32 How can I use the zoom search feature?
+-------------------------------------------
+
+The Zoom search feature is an alternative to table search feature. It allows
+you to explore a table by representing its data in a scatter plot. You can
+locate this feature by selecting a table and clicking the :guilabel:`Search`
+tab. One of the sub-tabs in the :guilabel:`Table Search` page is
+:guilabel:`Zoom Search`.
+
+Consider the table REL\_persons in :ref:`faq6_6` for
+an example. To use zoom search, two columns need to be selected, for
+example, id and town\_code. The id values will be represented on one
+axis and town\_code values on the other axis. Each row will be
+represented as a point in a scatter plot based on its id and
+town\_code. You can include two additional search criteria apart from
+the two fields to display.
+
+You can choose which field should be
+displayed as label for each point. If a display column has been set
+for the table (see :ref:`faqdisplay`), it is taken as the label unless
+you specify otherwise. You can also select the maximum number of rows
+you want to be displayed in the plot by specifing it in the 'Max rows
+to plot' field. Once you have decided over your criteria, click 'Go'
+to display the plot.
+
+After the plot is generated, you can use the
+mousewheel to zoom in and out of the plot. In addition, panning
+feature is enabled to navigate through the plot. You can zoom-in to a
+certail level of detail and use panning to locate your area of
+interest. Clicking on a point opens a dialogue box, displaying field
+values of the data row represented by the point. You can edit the
+values if required and click on submit to issue an update query. Basic
+instructions on how to use can be viewed by clicking the 'How to use?'
+link located just above the plot.
+
+.. _faq6_33:
+
+6.33 When browsing a table, how can I copy a column name?
+---------------------------------------------------------
+
+Selecting the name of the column within the browse table header cell
+for copying is difficult, as the columns support reordering by
+dragging the header cells as well as sorting by clicking on the linked
+column name. To copy a column name, double-click on the empty area
+next to the column name, when the tooltip tells you to do so. This
+will show you an input box with the column name. You may right-click
+the column name within this input box to copy it to your clipboard.
+
+.. _faq6_34:
+
+6.34 How can I use the Favorite Tables feature?
+---------------------------------------------------------
+
+Favorite Tables feature is very much similar to Recent Tables feature.
+It allows you to add a shortcut for the frequently used tables of any
+database in the navigation panel . You can easily navigate to any table
+in the list by simply choosing it from the list. These tables are stored
+in your browser's local storage if you have not configured your
+`phpMyAdmin Configuration Storage`. Otherwise these entries are stored in
+`phpMyAdmin Configuration Storage`.
+
+IMPORTANT: In absence of `phpMyAdmin Configuration Storage`, your Favorite
+tables may be different in different browsers based on your different
+selections in them.
+
+To add a table to Favorite list simply click on the `Gray` star in front
+of a table name in the list of tables of a Database and wait until it
+turns to `Yellow`.
+To remove a table from list, simply click on the `Yellow` star and
+wait until it turns `Gray` again.
+
+Using :config:option:`$cfg['NumFavoriteTables']` in your :file:`config.inc.php`
+file, you can define the  maximum number of favorite tables shown in the
+navigation panel. Its default value is `10`.
+
+.. _faq6_35:
+
+6.35 How can I use the Range search feature?
+---------------------------------------------------------
+
+With the help of range search feature, one can specify a range of values for
+particular column(s) while performing search operation on a table from the `Search`
+tab.
+
+To use this feature simply click on the `BETWEEN` or `NOT BETWEEN` operators
+from the operator select list in front of the column name. On choosing one of the
+above options, a dialog box will show up asking for the `Minimum` and `Maximum`
+value for that column. Only the specified range of values will be included
+in case of `BETWEEN` and excluded in case of `NOT BETWEEN` from the final results.
+
+Note: The Range search feature will work only `Numeric` and `Date` data type columns.
+
+.. _faq6_36:
+
+6.36 What is Central columns and How can I use this feature?
+------------------------------------------------------------
+
+As the name suggests, the Central columns feature enables to maintain a central list of
+columns per database to avoid similar name for the same data element and bring consistency
+of data type for the same data element. You can use the central list of columns to
+add an element to any table structure in that database which will save from writing
+similar column name and column definition.
+
+To add a column to central list, go to table structure page, check the columns you want
+to include and then simply click on "Add to central columns". If you want to add all
+unique columns from more than one table from a database then go to database structure page,
+check the tables you want to include and then select "Add columns to central list".
+
+To remove a column from central list, go to Table structure page, check the columns you want
+to remove and then simply click on "Remove from central columns". If you want to remove all
+columns from more than one tables from a database then go to database structure page,
+check the tables you want to include and then select "Remove columns from central list".
+
+To view and manage the central list, select the database you want to manage central columns
+for then from the top menu click on "Central columns". You will be taken to a page where
+you will have options to edit, delete or add new columns to central list.
+
+.. _faq6_37:
+
+6.37 How can I use Improve Table structure feature?
+---------------------------------------------------------
+
+Improve table structure feature helps to bring the table structure upto
+Third Normal Form. A wizard is presented to user which asks questions about the
+elements during the various steps for normalization and a new structure is proposed
+accordingly to bring the table into the First/Second/Third Normal form.
+On startup of the wizard, user gets to select upto what normal form they want to
+normalize the table structure.
+
+Here is an example table which you can use to test all of the three First, Second and
+Third Normal From.
+
+.. code-block:: mysql
+
+    CREATE TABLE `VetOffice` (
+     `petName` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
+     `petBreed` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
+     `petType` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
+     `petDOB` date NOT NULL,
+     `ownerLastName` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
+     `ownerFirstName` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
+     `ownerPhone1` int(12) NOT NULL,
+     `ownerPhone2` int(12) NOT NULL,
+     `ownerEmail` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
+    );
+
+The above table is not in First normal Form as no primary key exists. Primary key
+is supposed to be (`petName`,`ownerLastName`,`ownerFirstName`) . If the primary key
+is chosen as suggested the resultant table won't be in Second as well as Third Normal
+form as the following dependencies exists.
+
+.. code-block:: mysql
+
+    (OwnerLastName, OwnerFirstName) -> OwnerEmail
+    (OwnerLastName, OwnerFirstName) -> OwnerPhone
+    PetBreed -> PetType
+
+Which says, OwnerEmail depends on OwnerLastName and OwnerFirstName.
+OwnerPhone depends on OwnerLastName and OwnerFirstName.
+PetType depends on PetBreed.
+
+.. _faqproject:
+
+phpMyAdmin project
+++++++++++++++++++
+
+.. _faq7_1:
+
+7.1 I have found a bug. How do I inform developers?
+---------------------------------------------------
+
+Our Bug Tracker is located at <http://sf.net/projects/phpmyadmin/> under the
+Bugs section. But please first discuss your bug with other users:
+<https://sourceforge.net/projects/phpmyadmin/forums>.
+
+.. _faq7_2:
+
+7.2 I want to translate the messages to a new language or upgrade an existing language, where do I start?
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Translations are very welcome and all you need to have are the
+language skills. The easiest way is to use our `online translation
+service <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/phpmyadmin/>`_. You can check
+out all the possibilities to translate in the `translate section on
+our website <http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/translate.php>`_.
+
+.. _faq7_3:
+
+7.3 I would like to help out with the development of phpMyAdmin. How should I proceed?
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+We welcome every contribution to the development of phpMyAdmin. You
+can check out all the possibilities to contribute in the `contribute
+section on our website
+<http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/improve.php>`_.
+
+.. seealso:: :ref:`developers`
+
+.. _faqsecurity:
+
+Security
+++++++++
+
+.. _faq8_1:
+
+8.1 Where can I get information about the security alerts issued for phpMyAdmin?
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Please refer to <http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/security.php>.
+
+.. _faq8_2:
+
+8.2 How can I protect phpMyAdmin against brute force attacks?
+-------------------------------------------------------------
+
+If you use Apache web server, phpMyAdmin exports information about
+authentication to the Apache environment and it can be used in Apache
+logs. Currently there are two variables available:
+
+
+``userID``
+    User name of currently active user (he does not have to be logged in).
+``userStatus``
+    Status of currently active user, one of ``ok`` (user is logged in),
+    ``mysql-denied`` (MySQL denied user login), ``allow-denied`` (user denied
+    by allow/deny rules), ``root-denied`` (root is denied in configuration),
+    ``empty-denied`` (empty password is denied).
+
+``LogFormat`` directive for Apache can look like following:
+
+.. code-block:: apache
+
+    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %{userID}n %{userStatus}n"   pma_combined
+
+You can then use any log analyzing tools to detect possible break-in
+attempts.
+
+.. _faqsynchronization:
+
+Synchronization
++++++++++++++++
+
+.. _faq9_1:
+
+9.1 (withdrawn).
+----------------
+
+.. _faq9_2:
+
+9.2 (withdrawn).
+----------------
+