sigar 0.7.0

data/src/sigar.c

@@ -0,0 +1,2428 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2004-2009 Hyperic, Inc.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009 SpringSource, Inc.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009-2010 VMware, Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#endif
+#if defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD__)
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#endif
+#ifndef WIN32
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "sigar.h"
+#include "sigar_private.h"
+#include "sigar_util.h"
+#include "sigar_os.h"
+#include "sigar_format.h"
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_open(sigar_t **sigar)
+{
+    int status = sigar_os_open(sigar);
+
+    if (status == SIGAR_OK) {
+        /* use env to revert to old behavior */
+        (*sigar)->cpu_list_cores = getenv("SIGAR_CPU_LIST_SOCKETS") ? 0 : 1;
+        (*sigar)->pid = 0;
+        (*sigar)->ifconf_buf = NULL;
+        (*sigar)->ifconf_len = 0;
+        (*sigar)->log_level = -1; /* log nothing by default */
+        (*sigar)->log_impl = NULL;
+        (*sigar)->log_data = NULL;
+        (*sigar)->ptql_re_impl = NULL;
+        (*sigar)->ptql_re_data = NULL;
+        (*sigar)->self_path = NULL;
+        (*sigar)->fsdev = NULL;
+        (*sigar)->pids = NULL;
+        (*sigar)->proc_cpu = NULL;
+        (*sigar)->net_listen = NULL;
+        (*sigar)->net_services_tcp = NULL;
+        (*sigar)->net_services_udp = NULL;
+    }
+
+    return status;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_close(sigar_t *sigar)
+{
+    if (sigar->ifconf_buf) {
+        free(sigar->ifconf_buf);
+    }
+    if (sigar->self_path) {
+        free(sigar->self_path);
+    }
+    if (sigar->pids) {
+        sigar_proc_list_destroy(sigar, sigar->pids);
+        free(sigar->pids);
+    }
+    if (sigar->fsdev) {
+        sigar_cache_destroy(sigar->fsdev);
+    }
+    if (sigar->proc_cpu) {
+        sigar_cache_destroy(sigar->proc_cpu);
+    }
+    if (sigar->net_listen) {
+        sigar_cache_destroy(sigar->net_listen);
+    }
+    if (sigar->net_services_tcp) {
+        sigar_cache_destroy(sigar->net_services_tcp);
+    }
+    if (sigar->net_services_udp) {
+        sigar_cache_destroy(sigar->net_services_udp);
+    }
+
+    return sigar_os_close(sigar);
+}
+
+#ifndef __linux__ /* linux has a special case */
+SIGAR_DECLARE(sigar_pid_t) sigar_pid_get(sigar_t *sigar)
+{
+    if (!sigar->pid) {
+        sigar->pid = getpid();
+    }
+
+    return sigar->pid;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* XXX: add clear() function */
+/* XXX: check for stale-ness using start_time */
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_proc_cpu_get(sigar_t *sigar, sigar_pid_t pid,
+                                      sigar_proc_cpu_t *proccpu)
+{
+    sigar_cache_entry_t *entry;
+    sigar_proc_cpu_t *prev;
+    sigar_uint64_t otime, time_now = sigar_time_now_millis();
+    sigar_uint64_t time_diff, total_diff;
+    int status;
+
+    if (!sigar->proc_cpu) {
+        sigar->proc_cpu = sigar_cache_new(128);
+    }
+
+    entry = sigar_cache_get(sigar->proc_cpu, pid);
+    if (entry->value) {
+        prev = (sigar_proc_cpu_t *)entry->value;
+    }
+    else {
+        prev = entry->value = malloc(sizeof(*prev));
+        SIGAR_ZERO(prev);
+    }
+
+    time_diff = time_now - prev->last_time;
+    proccpu->last_time = prev->last_time = time_now;
+
+    if (time_diff == 0) {
+        /* we were just called within < 1 second ago. */
+        memcpy(proccpu, prev, sizeof(*proccpu));
+        return SIGAR_OK;
+    }
+
+    otime = prev->total;
+
+    status =
+        sigar_proc_time_get(sigar, pid,
+                            (sigar_proc_time_t *)proccpu);
+
+    if (status != SIGAR_OK) {
+        return status;
+    }
+
+    memcpy(prev, proccpu, sizeof(*prev));
+
+    if (proccpu->total < otime) {
+        /* XXX this should not happen */
+        otime = 0;
+    }
+
+    if (otime == 0) {
+        proccpu->percent = 0.0;
+        /* first time called */
+        return SIGAR_OK;
+    }
+
+    total_diff = proccpu->total - otime;
+    proccpu->percent = total_diff / (double)time_diff;
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_proc_stat_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                       sigar_proc_stat_t *procstat)
+{
+    int status, i;
+    sigar_proc_list_t *pids;
+
+    SIGAR_ZERO(procstat);
+    procstat->threads = SIGAR_FIELD_NOTIMPL;
+
+    if ((status = sigar_proc_list_get(sigar, NULL)) != SIGAR_OK) {
+        return status;
+    }
+
+    pids = sigar->pids;
+    procstat->total = pids->number;
+
+    for (i=0; i<pids->number; i++) {
+        sigar_proc_state_t state;
+
+        status = sigar_proc_state_get(sigar, pids->data[i], &state);
+        if (status != SIGAR_OK) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (state.threads != SIGAR_FIELD_NOTIMPL) {
+            procstat->threads += state.threads;
+        }
+
+        switch (state.state) {
+          case SIGAR_PROC_STATE_IDLE:
+            procstat->idle++;
+            break;
+          case SIGAR_PROC_STATE_RUN:
+            procstat->running++;
+            break;
+          case SIGAR_PROC_STATE_SLEEP:
+            procstat->sleeping++;
+            break;
+          case SIGAR_PROC_STATE_STOP:
+            procstat->stopped++;
+            break;
+          case SIGAR_PROC_STATE_ZOMBIE:
+            procstat->zombie++;
+            break;
+          default:
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_sys_info_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                      sigar_sys_info_t *sysinfo)
+{
+    SIGAR_ZERO(sysinfo);
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+    sigar_sys_info_get_uname(sysinfo);
+#endif
+
+    sigar_os_sys_info_get(sigar, sysinfo);
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+
+#include <sys/utsname.h>
+
+int sigar_sys_info_get_uname(sigar_sys_info_t *sysinfo)
+{
+    struct utsname name;
+
+    uname(&name);
+
+    SIGAR_SSTRCPY(sysinfo->version, name.release);
+    SIGAR_SSTRCPY(sysinfo->vendor_name, name.sysname);
+    SIGAR_SSTRCPY(sysinfo->name, name.sysname);
+    SIGAR_SSTRCPY(sysinfo->machine, name.machine);
+    SIGAR_SSTRCPY(sysinfo->arch, name.machine);
+    SIGAR_SSTRCPY(sysinfo->patch_level, "unknown");
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int)
+sigar_proc_cred_name_get(sigar_t *sigar, sigar_pid_t pid,
+                         sigar_proc_cred_name_t *proccredname)
+{
+    sigar_proc_cred_t cred;
+
+    int status = sigar_proc_cred_get(sigar, pid, &cred);
+
+    if (status != SIGAR_OK) {
+        return status;
+    }
+
+    status = sigar_user_name_get(sigar, cred.uid,
+                                 proccredname->user,
+                                 sizeof(proccredname->user));
+
+    if (status != SIGAR_OK) {
+        return status;
+    }
+
+    status = sigar_group_name_get(sigar, cred.gid,
+                                  proccredname->group,
+                                  sizeof(proccredname->group));
+
+    return status;
+}
+
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+
+int sigar_proc_list_create(sigar_proc_list_t *proclist)
+{
+    proclist->number = 0;
+    proclist->size = SIGAR_PROC_LIST_MAX;
+    proclist->data = malloc(sizeof(*(proclist->data)) *
+                            proclist->size);
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_proc_list_grow(sigar_proc_list_t *proclist)
+{
+    proclist->data = realloc(proclist->data,
+                             sizeof(*(proclist->data)) *
+                             (proclist->size + SIGAR_PROC_LIST_MAX));
+    proclist->size += SIGAR_PROC_LIST_MAX;
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_proc_list_destroy(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                           sigar_proc_list_t *proclist)
+{
+    if (proclist->size) {
+        free(proclist->data);
+        proclist->number = proclist->size = 0;
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_proc_list_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                       sigar_proc_list_t *proclist)
+{
+    if (proclist == NULL) {
+        /* internal re-use */
+        if (sigar->pids == NULL) {
+            sigar->pids = malloc(sizeof(*sigar->pids));
+            sigar_proc_list_create(sigar->pids);
+        }
+        else {
+            sigar->pids->number = 0;
+        }
+        proclist = sigar->pids;
+    }
+    else {
+        sigar_proc_list_create(proclist);
+    }
+
+    return sigar_os_proc_list_get(sigar, proclist);
+}
+
+int sigar_proc_args_create(sigar_proc_args_t *procargs)
+{
+    procargs->number = 0;
+    procargs->size = SIGAR_PROC_ARGS_MAX;
+    procargs->data = malloc(sizeof(*(procargs->data)) *
+                            procargs->size);
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_proc_args_grow(sigar_proc_args_t *procargs)
+{
+    procargs->data = realloc(procargs->data,
+                             sizeof(*(procargs->data)) *
+                             (procargs->size + SIGAR_PROC_ARGS_MAX));
+    procargs->size += SIGAR_PROC_ARGS_MAX;
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_proc_args_destroy(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                           sigar_proc_args_t *procargs)
+{
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    if (procargs->size) {
+        for (i=0; i<procargs->number; i++) {
+            free(procargs->data[i]);
+        }
+        free(procargs->data);
+        procargs->number = procargs->size = 0;
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_proc_args_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                       sigar_pid_t pid,
+                                       sigar_proc_args_t *procargs)
+{
+    int status;
+    sigar_proc_args_create(procargs);
+    status = sigar_os_proc_args_get(sigar, pid, procargs);
+    if (status != SIGAR_OK) {
+        sigar_proc_args_destroy(sigar, procargs);
+    }
+    return status;
+}
+
+int sigar_file_system_list_create(sigar_file_system_list_t *fslist)
+{
+    fslist->number = 0;
+    fslist->size = SIGAR_FS_MAX;
+    fslist->data = malloc(sizeof(*(fslist->data)) *
+                          fslist->size);
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_file_system_list_grow(sigar_file_system_list_t *fslist)
+{
+    fslist->data = realloc(fslist->data,
+                           sizeof(*(fslist->data)) *
+                           (fslist->size + SIGAR_FS_MAX));
+    fslist->size += SIGAR_FS_MAX;
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+/* indexed with sigar_file_system_type_e */
+static const char *fstype_names[] = {
+    "unknown", "none", "local", "remote", "ram", "cdrom", "swap"
+};
+
+static int sigar_common_fs_type_get(sigar_file_system_t *fsp)
+{
+    char *type = fsp->sys_type_name;
+
+    switch (*type) {
+      case 'n':
+        if (strEQ(type, "nfs")) {
+            fsp->type = SIGAR_FSTYPE_NETWORK;
+        }
+        break;
+      case 's':
+        if (strEQ(type, "smbfs")) { /* samba */
+            fsp->type = SIGAR_FSTYPE_NETWORK;
+        }
+        else if (strEQ(type, "swap")) {
+            fsp->type = SIGAR_FSTYPE_SWAP;
+        }
+        break;
+      case 'a':
+        if (strEQ(type, "afs")) {
+            fsp->type = SIGAR_FSTYPE_NETWORK;
+        }
+        break;
+      case 'i':
+        if (strEQ(type, "iso9660")) {
+            fsp->type = SIGAR_FSTYPE_CDROM;
+        }
+        break;
+      case 'c':
+        if (strEQ(type, "cvfs")) {
+            fsp->type = SIGAR_FSTYPE_LOCAL_DISK;
+        }
+        else if (strEQ(type, "cifs")) {
+            fsp->type = SIGAR_FSTYPE_NETWORK;
+        }
+        break;
+      case 'm':
+        if (strEQ(type, "msdos") || strEQ(type, "minix")) {
+            fsp->type = SIGAR_FSTYPE_LOCAL_DISK;
+        }
+        break;
+      case 'h':
+        if (strEQ(type, "hpfs")) {
+            fsp->type = SIGAR_FSTYPE_LOCAL_DISK;
+        }
+        break;
+      case 'v':
+        if (strEQ(type, "vxfs")) {
+            fsp->type = SIGAR_FSTYPE_LOCAL_DISK;
+        }
+        else if (strEQ(type, "vfat")) {
+            fsp->type = SIGAR_FSTYPE_LOCAL_DISK;
+        }
+        break;
+      case 'z': 
+        if (strEQ(type, "zfs")) { 
+            fsp->type = SIGAR_FSTYPE_LOCAL_DISK; 
+        } 
+        break;
+    }
+
+    return fsp->type;
+}
+
+void sigar_fs_type_get(sigar_file_system_t *fsp)
+{
+    if (!(fsp->type ||                    /* already set */
+          sigar_os_fs_type_get(fsp) ||    /* try os specifics first */
+          sigar_common_fs_type_get(fsp))) /* try common ones last */
+    {
+        fsp->type = SIGAR_FSTYPE_NONE;
+    }
+
+    if (fsp->type >= SIGAR_FSTYPE_MAX) {
+        fsp->type = SIGAR_FSTYPE_NONE;
+    }
+
+    strcpy(fsp->type_name, fstype_names[fsp->type]);
+}
+
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int)
+sigar_file_system_list_destroy(sigar_t *sigar,
+                               sigar_file_system_list_t *fslist)
+{
+    if (fslist->size) {
+        free(fslist->data);
+        fslist->number = fslist->size = 0;
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+#ifndef NFS_PROGRAM
+#define NFS_PROGRAM 100003
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NFS_VERSION
+#define NFS_VERSION 2
+#endif
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int)
+sigar_file_system_ping(sigar_t *sigar,
+                       sigar_file_system_t *fs)
+{
+    int status = SIGAR_OK;
+#ifndef WIN32
+    char *ptr;
+
+    if ((fs->type == SIGAR_FSTYPE_NETWORK) &&
+        strEQ(fs->sys_type_name, "nfs") &&
+        (ptr = strchr(fs->dev_name, ':')))
+    {
+        *ptr = '\0'; /* "hostname:/mount" -> "hostname" */
+
+        status = sigar_rpc_ping(fs->dev_name,
+                                SIGAR_NETCONN_UDP,
+                                NFS_PROGRAM, NFS_VERSION);
+
+        if (SIGAR_LOG_IS_DEBUG(sigar)) {
+            sigar_log_printf(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                             "[fs_ping] %s -> %s: %s",
+                             fs->dir_name, fs->dev_name,
+                             ((status == SIGAR_OK) ?
+                              "OK" : sigar_rpc_strerror(status)));
+        }
+
+        *ptr = ':'; /* "hostname" -> "hostname:/mount" */
+    }
+#endif
+    return status;
+}
+
+int sigar_cpu_info_list_create(sigar_cpu_info_list_t *cpu_infos)
+{
+    cpu_infos->number = 0;
+    cpu_infos->size = SIGAR_CPU_INFO_MAX;
+    cpu_infos->data = malloc(sizeof(*(cpu_infos->data)) *
+                             cpu_infos->size);
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_cpu_info_list_grow(sigar_cpu_info_list_t *cpu_infos)
+{
+    cpu_infos->data = realloc(cpu_infos->data,
+                              sizeof(*(cpu_infos->data)) *
+                              (cpu_infos->size + SIGAR_CPU_INFO_MAX));
+    cpu_infos->size += SIGAR_CPU_INFO_MAX;
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int)
+sigar_cpu_info_list_destroy(sigar_t *sigar,
+                            sigar_cpu_info_list_t *cpu_infos)
+{
+    if (cpu_infos->size) {
+        free(cpu_infos->data);
+        cpu_infos->number = cpu_infos->size = 0;
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_cpu_list_create(sigar_cpu_list_t *cpulist)
+{
+    cpulist->number = 0;
+    cpulist->size = SIGAR_CPU_INFO_MAX;
+    cpulist->data = malloc(sizeof(*(cpulist->data)) *
+                           cpulist->size);
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_cpu_list_grow(sigar_cpu_list_t *cpulist)
+{
+    cpulist->data = realloc(cpulist->data,
+                            sizeof(*(cpulist->data)) *
+                            (cpulist->size + SIGAR_CPU_INFO_MAX));
+    cpulist->size += SIGAR_CPU_INFO_MAX;
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_cpu_list_destroy(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                          sigar_cpu_list_t *cpulist)
+{
+    if (cpulist->size) {
+        free(cpulist->data);
+        cpulist->number = cpulist->size = 0;
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_net_route_list_create(sigar_net_route_list_t *routelist)
+{
+    routelist->number = 0;
+    routelist->size = SIGAR_NET_ROUTE_LIST_MAX;
+    routelist->data = malloc(sizeof(*(routelist->data)) *
+                             routelist->size);
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_net_route_list_grow(sigar_net_route_list_t *routelist)
+{
+    routelist->data =
+        realloc(routelist->data,
+                sizeof(*(routelist->data)) *
+                (routelist->size + SIGAR_NET_ROUTE_LIST_MAX));
+    routelist->size += SIGAR_NET_ROUTE_LIST_MAX;
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_net_route_list_destroy(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                                sigar_net_route_list_t *routelist)
+{
+    if (routelist->size) {
+        free(routelist->data);
+        routelist->number = routelist->size = 0;
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_net_interface_list_create(sigar_net_interface_list_t *iflist)
+{
+    iflist->number = 0;
+    iflist->size = SIGAR_NET_IFLIST_MAX;
+    iflist->data = malloc(sizeof(*(iflist->data)) *
+                          iflist->size);
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_net_interface_list_grow(sigar_net_interface_list_t *iflist)
+{
+    iflist->data = realloc(iflist->data,
+                           sizeof(*(iflist->data)) *
+                           (iflist->size + SIGAR_NET_IFLIST_MAX));
+    iflist->size += SIGAR_NET_IFLIST_MAX;
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int)
+sigar_net_interface_list_destroy(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                 sigar_net_interface_list_t *iflist)
+{
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    if (iflist->size) {
+        for (i=0; i<iflist->number; i++) {
+            free(iflist->data[i]);
+        }
+        free(iflist->data);
+        iflist->number = iflist->size = 0;
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_net_connection_list_create(sigar_net_connection_list_t *connlist)
+{
+    connlist->number = 0;
+    connlist->size = SIGAR_NET_CONNLIST_MAX;
+    connlist->data = malloc(sizeof(*(connlist->data)) *
+                            connlist->size);
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_net_connection_list_grow(sigar_net_connection_list_t *connlist)
+{
+    connlist->data =
+        realloc(connlist->data,
+                sizeof(*(connlist->data)) *
+                (connlist->size + SIGAR_NET_CONNLIST_MAX));
+    connlist->size += SIGAR_NET_CONNLIST_MAX;
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int)
+sigar_net_connection_list_destroy(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                  sigar_net_connection_list_t *connlist)
+{
+    if (connlist->size) {
+        free(connlist->data);
+        connlist->number = connlist->size = 0;
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+#if !defined(__linux__)
+/* 
+ * implement sigar_net_connection_list_get using sigar_net_connection_walk
+ * linux has its own list_get impl.
+ */  
+static int net_connection_list_walker(sigar_net_connection_walker_t *walker,
+                                      sigar_net_connection_t *conn)
+{
+    sigar_net_connection_list_t *connlist =
+        (sigar_net_connection_list_t *)walker->data;
+
+    SIGAR_NET_CONNLIST_GROW(connlist);
+    memcpy(&connlist->data[connlist->number++],
+           conn, sizeof(*conn));
+
+    return SIGAR_OK; /* continue loop */
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int)
+sigar_net_connection_list_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                              sigar_net_connection_list_t *connlist,
+                              int flags)
+{
+    int status;
+    sigar_net_connection_walker_t walker;
+
+    sigar_net_connection_list_create(connlist);
+
+    walker.sigar = sigar;
+    walker.flags = flags;
+    walker.data = connlist;
+    walker.add_connection = net_connection_list_walker;
+
+    status = sigar_net_connection_walk(&walker);
+
+    if (status != SIGAR_OK) {
+        sigar_net_connection_list_destroy(sigar, connlist);
+    }
+
+    return status;
+}
+#endif
+
+static void sigar_net_listen_address_add(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                         sigar_net_connection_t *conn)
+{
+    sigar_cache_entry_t *entry =
+        sigar_cache_get(sigar->net_listen, conn->local_port);
+
+    if (entry->value) {
+        if (conn->local_address.family == SIGAR_AF_INET6) {
+            return; /* prefer ipv4 */
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        entry->value = malloc(sizeof(conn->local_address));
+    }
+
+    memcpy(entry->value, &conn->local_address,
+           sizeof(conn->local_address));
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int)
+sigar_net_listen_address_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                             unsigned long port,
+                             sigar_net_address_t *address)
+{
+    if (!sigar->net_listen ||
+        !sigar_cache_find(sigar->net_listen, port))
+    {
+        sigar_net_stat_t netstat;
+        int status =
+            sigar_net_stat_get(sigar, &netstat,
+                               SIGAR_NETCONN_SERVER|SIGAR_NETCONN_TCP);
+
+        if (status != SIGAR_OK) {
+            return status;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (sigar_cache_find(sigar->net_listen, port)) {
+        void *value = sigar_cache_get(sigar->net_listen, port)->value;
+        memcpy(address, value, sizeof(*address));
+        return SIGAR_OK;
+    }
+    else {
+        return ENOENT;
+    }
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+    sigar_net_stat_t *netstat;
+    sigar_net_connection_list_t *connlist;
+} net_stat_getter_t;
+
+static int net_stat_walker(sigar_net_connection_walker_t *walker,
+                           sigar_net_connection_t *conn)
+{
+    int state = conn->state;
+    sigar_cache_t *listen_ports = walker->sigar->net_listen;
+    net_stat_getter_t *getter =
+        (net_stat_getter_t *)walker->data;
+
+    if (conn->type == SIGAR_NETCONN_TCP) {
+        getter->netstat->tcp_states[state]++;
+
+        /* XXX listen_ports may get stale */
+        if (state == SIGAR_TCP_LISTEN) {
+            sigar_net_listen_address_add(walker->sigar, conn);
+        }
+        else {
+            if (sigar_cache_find(listen_ports,
+                                 conn->local_port))
+            {
+                getter->netstat->tcp_inbound_total++;
+            }
+            else {
+                getter->netstat->tcp_outbound_total++;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else if (conn->type == SIGAR_NETCONN_UDP) {
+        /*XXX*/
+    }
+
+    getter->netstat->all_inbound_total =
+        getter->netstat->tcp_inbound_total;
+
+    getter->netstat->all_outbound_total =
+        getter->netstat->tcp_outbound_total;
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int)
+sigar_net_stat_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                   sigar_net_stat_t *netstat,
+                   int flags)
+{
+    sigar_net_connection_walker_t walker;
+    net_stat_getter_t getter;
+
+    if (!sigar->net_listen) {
+        sigar->net_listen = sigar_cache_new(32);
+    }
+    
+    SIGAR_ZERO(netstat);
+
+    getter.netstat = netstat;
+
+    walker.sigar = sigar;
+    walker.data = &getter;
+    walker.add_connection = net_stat_walker;
+
+    walker.flags = flags;
+
+    return sigar_net_connection_walk(&walker);
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+    sigar_net_stat_t *netstat;
+    sigar_net_address_t *address;
+    unsigned long port;
+} net_stat_port_getter_t;
+
+static int net_stat_port_walker(sigar_net_connection_walker_t *walker,
+                                sigar_net_connection_t *conn)
+{
+    net_stat_port_getter_t *getter =
+        (net_stat_port_getter_t *)walker->data;
+    sigar_net_stat_t *netstat = getter->netstat;
+
+    if (conn->type == SIGAR_NETCONN_TCP) {
+        if (conn->local_port == getter->port) {
+            netstat->all_inbound_total++;
+
+            if (sigar_net_address_equals(getter->address,
+                                         &conn->local_address) == SIGAR_OK)
+            {
+                netstat->tcp_inbound_total++;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (conn->remote_port == getter->port) {
+            netstat->all_outbound_total++;
+
+            if (sigar_net_address_equals(getter->address,
+                                         &conn->remote_address) == SIGAR_OK)
+            {
+                netstat->tcp_outbound_total++;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            return SIGAR_OK;
+        }
+
+        netstat->tcp_states[conn->state]++;
+    }
+    else if (conn->type == SIGAR_NETCONN_UDP) {
+        /*XXX*/
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int)
+sigar_net_stat_port_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                        sigar_net_stat_t *netstat,
+                        int flags,
+                        sigar_net_address_t *address,
+                        unsigned long port)
+{
+    sigar_net_connection_walker_t walker;
+    net_stat_port_getter_t getter;
+
+    SIGAR_ZERO(netstat);
+
+    getter.netstat = netstat;
+    getter.address = address;
+    getter.port = port;
+
+    walker.sigar = sigar;
+    walker.data = &getter;
+    walker.add_connection = net_stat_port_walker;
+
+    walker.flags = flags;
+
+    if (SIGAR_LOG_IS_DEBUG(sigar)) {
+        char name[SIGAR_FQDN_LEN];
+        sigar_net_address_to_string(sigar, address, name);
+
+        sigar_log_printf(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                         "[net_stat_port] using address '%s:%d'",
+                         name, port);
+    }
+
+    return sigar_net_connection_walk(&walker);
+}
+
+static int tcp_curr_estab_count(sigar_net_connection_walker_t *walker,
+                                sigar_net_connection_t *conn)
+{
+    if ((conn->state == SIGAR_TCP_ESTABLISHED) ||
+        (conn->state == SIGAR_TCP_CLOSE_WAIT))
+    {
+        ((sigar_tcp_t *)walker->data)->curr_estab++;
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+/* TCP-MIB::tcpCurrEstab */
+int sigar_tcp_curr_estab(sigar_t *sigar, sigar_tcp_t *tcp)
+{
+    sigar_net_connection_walker_t walker;
+
+    walker.sigar = sigar;
+    walker.data = tcp;
+    walker.add_connection = tcp_curr_estab_count;
+    walker.flags = SIGAR_NETCONN_CLIENT|SIGAR_NETCONN_TCP;
+
+    tcp->curr_estab = 0;
+
+    return sigar_net_connection_walk(&walker);
+}
+
+int sigar_arp_list_create(sigar_arp_list_t *arplist)
+{
+    arplist->number = 0;
+    arplist->size = SIGAR_ARP_LIST_MAX;
+    arplist->data = malloc(sizeof(*(arplist->data)) *
+                           arplist->size);
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_arp_list_grow(sigar_arp_list_t *arplist)
+{
+    arplist->data = realloc(arplist->data,
+                            sizeof(*(arplist->data)) *
+                            (arplist->size + SIGAR_ARP_LIST_MAX));
+    arplist->size += SIGAR_ARP_LIST_MAX;
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_arp_list_destroy(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                          sigar_arp_list_t *arplist)
+{
+    if (arplist->size) {
+        free(arplist->data);
+        arplist->number = arplist->size = 0;
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_who_list_create(sigar_who_list_t *wholist)
+{
+    wholist->number = 0;
+    wholist->size = SIGAR_WHO_LIST_MAX;
+    wholist->data = malloc(sizeof(*(wholist->data)) *
+                           wholist->size);
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_who_list_grow(sigar_who_list_t *wholist)
+{
+    wholist->data = realloc(wholist->data,
+                            sizeof(*(wholist->data)) *
+                            (wholist->size + SIGAR_WHO_LIST_MAX));
+    wholist->size += SIGAR_WHO_LIST_MAX;
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_who_list_destroy(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                          sigar_who_list_t *wholist)
+{
+    if (wholist->size) {
+        free(wholist->data);
+        wholist->number = wholist->size = 0;
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+#ifdef DARWIN
+#include <AvailabilityMacros.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_5
+#  if MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_5
+#    define SIGAR_NO_UTMP
+#  endif
+/* else 10.4 and earlier or compiled with -mmacosx-version-min=10.3 */
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__sun)
+#  include <utmpx.h>
+#  define SIGAR_UTMP_FILE _UTMPX_FILE
+#  define ut_time ut_tv.tv_sec
+#elif defined(WIN32)
+/* XXX may not be the default */
+#define SIGAR_UTMP_FILE "C:\\cygwin\\var\\run\\utmp"
+#define UT_LINESIZE	16
+#define UT_NAMESIZE	16
+#define UT_HOSTSIZE	256
+#define UT_IDLEN	2
+#define ut_name ut_user
+
+struct utmp {
+    short ut_type;	
+    int ut_pid;		
+    char ut_line[UT_LINESIZE];
+    char ut_id[UT_IDLEN];
+    time_t ut_time;	
+    char ut_user[UT_NAMESIZE];	
+    char ut_host[UT_HOSTSIZE];	
+    long ut_addr;	
+};
+#elif defined(NETWARE)
+static char *getpass(const char *prompt)
+{
+    static char password[BUFSIZ];
+
+    fputs(prompt, stderr);
+    fgets((char *)&password, sizeof(password), stdin);
+
+    return (char *)&password;
+}
+#elif !defined(SIGAR_NO_UTMP)
+#  include <utmp.h>
+#  ifdef UTMP_FILE
+#    define SIGAR_UTMP_FILE UTMP_FILE
+#  else
+#    define SIGAR_UTMP_FILE _PATH_UTMP
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__NetBSD__) || defined(DARWIN)
+#  define ut_user ut_name
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DARWIN
+/* XXX from utmpx.h; sizeof changed in 10.5 */
+/* additionally, utmpx does not work on 10.4 */
+#define SIGAR_HAS_UTMPX
+#define _PATH_UTMPX     "/var/run/utmpx"
+#define _UTX_USERSIZE   256     /* matches MAXLOGNAME */
+#define _UTX_LINESIZE   32
+#define _UTX_IDSIZE     4
+#define _UTX_HOSTSIZE   256
+struct utmpx {
+    char ut_user[_UTX_USERSIZE];    /* login name */
+    char ut_id[_UTX_IDSIZE];        /* id */
+    char ut_line[_UTX_LINESIZE];    /* tty name */
+    pid_t ut_pid;                   /* process id creating the entry */
+    short ut_type;                  /* type of this entry */
+    struct timeval ut_tv;           /* time entry was created */
+    char ut_host[_UTX_HOSTSIZE];    /* host name */
+    __uint32_t ut_pad[16];          /* reserved for future use */
+};
+#define ut_xtime ut_tv.tv_sec
+#define UTMPX_USER_PROCESS      7
+/* end utmpx.h */
+#define SIGAR_UTMPX_FILE _PATH_UTMPX
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(NETWARE) && !defined(_AIX)
+
+#define WHOCPY(dest, src) \
+    SIGAR_SSTRCPY(dest, src); \
+    if (sizeof(src) < sizeof(dest)) \
+        dest[sizeof(src)] = '\0'
+
+#ifdef SIGAR_HAS_UTMPX
+static int sigar_who_utmpx(sigar_t *sigar,
+                           sigar_who_list_t *wholist)
+{
+    FILE *fp;
+    struct utmpx ut;
+
+    if (!(fp = fopen(SIGAR_UTMPX_FILE, "r"))) {
+        return errno;
+    }
+
+    while (fread(&ut, sizeof(ut), 1, fp) == 1) {
+        sigar_who_t *who;
+
+        if (*ut.ut_user == '\0') {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+#ifdef UTMPX_USER_PROCESS
+        if (ut.ut_type != UTMPX_USER_PROCESS) {
+            continue;
+        }
+#endif
+
+        SIGAR_WHO_LIST_GROW(wholist);
+        who = &wholist->data[wholist->number++];
+
+        WHOCPY(who->user, ut.ut_user);
+        WHOCPY(who->device, ut.ut_line);
+        WHOCPY(who->host, ut.ut_host);
+
+        who->time = ut.ut_xtime;
+    }
+
+    fclose(fp);
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined(SIGAR_NO_UTMP) && defined(SIGAR_HAS_UTMPX)
+#define sigar_who_utmp sigar_who_utmpx
+#else
+static int sigar_who_utmp(sigar_t *sigar,
+                          sigar_who_list_t *wholist)
+{
+    FILE *fp;
+#ifdef __sun
+    /* use futmpx w/ pid32_t for sparc64 */
+    struct futmpx ut;
+#else
+    struct utmp ut;
+#endif
+    if (!(fp = fopen(SIGAR_UTMP_FILE, "r"))) {
+#ifdef SIGAR_HAS_UTMPX
+        /* Darwin 10.5 */
+        return sigar_who_utmpx(sigar, wholist);
+#endif
+        return errno;
+    }
+
+    while (fread(&ut, sizeof(ut), 1, fp) == 1) {
+        sigar_who_t *who;
+
+        if (*ut.ut_name == '\0') {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+#ifdef USER_PROCESS
+        if (ut.ut_type != USER_PROCESS) {
+            continue;
+        }
+#endif
+
+        SIGAR_WHO_LIST_GROW(wholist);
+        who = &wholist->data[wholist->number++];
+
+        WHOCPY(who->user, ut.ut_user);
+        WHOCPY(who->device, ut.ut_line);
+        WHOCPY(who->host, ut.ut_host);
+
+        who->time = ut.ut_time;
+    }
+
+    fclose(fp);
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+#endif /* SIGAR_NO_UTMP */
+#endif /* NETWARE */
+
+#if defined(WIN32)
+
+int sigar_who_list_get_win32(sigar_t *sigar,
+                             sigar_who_list_t *wholist);
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_who_list_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                      sigar_who_list_t *wholist)
+{
+    sigar_who_list_create(wholist);
+
+    /* cygwin ssh */
+    sigar_who_utmp(sigar, wholist);
+
+    sigar_who_list_get_win32(sigar, wholist);
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_resource_limit_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                            sigar_resource_limit_t *rlimit)
+{
+    MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION meminfo;
+    memset(rlimit, 0x7fffffff, sizeof(*rlimit));
+
+    if (VirtualQuery((LPCVOID)&meminfo, &meminfo, sizeof(meminfo))) {
+        rlimit->stack_cur =
+            (DWORD)&meminfo - (DWORD)meminfo.AllocationBase;
+        rlimit->stack_max =
+            ((DWORD)meminfo.BaseAddress + meminfo.RegionSize) -
+            (DWORD)meminfo.AllocationBase;
+    }
+
+    rlimit->virtual_memory_max = rlimit->virtual_memory_cur =
+        0x80000000UL;
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+#elif defined(NETWARE)
+int sigar_resource_limit_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                             sigar_resource_limit_t *rlimit)
+{
+    return SIGAR_ENOTIMPL;
+}
+
+int sigar_who_list_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                       sigar_who_list_t *wholist)
+{
+    return SIGAR_ENOTIMPL;
+}
+#else
+
+#ifndef _AIX
+int sigar_who_list_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                       sigar_who_list_t *wholist)
+{
+    int status;
+
+    sigar_who_list_create(wholist);
+
+    status = sigar_who_utmp(sigar, wholist);
+    if (status != SIGAR_OK) {
+        sigar_who_list_destroy(sigar, wholist);
+        return status;
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int sigar_get_default_gateway(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                     sigar_net_info_t *netinfo)
+{
+    int status, i;
+    sigar_net_route_list_t routelist;
+
+    status = sigar_net_route_list_get(sigar, &routelist);
+    if (status != SIGAR_OK) {
+        return status;
+    }
+
+    for (i=0; i<routelist.number; i++) {
+        if ((routelist.data[i].flags & SIGAR_RTF_GATEWAY) &&
+            (routelist.data[i].destination.addr.in == 0))
+        {
+            sigar_net_address_to_string(sigar,
+                                        &routelist.data[i].gateway,
+                                        netinfo->default_gateway);
+
+            SIGAR_STRNCPY(netinfo->default_gateway_interface,
+                          routelist.data[i].ifname,
+                          sizeof(netinfo->default_gateway_interface));
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    sigar_net_route_list_destroy(sigar, &routelist);
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+int sigar_net_info_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                       sigar_net_info_t *netinfo)
+{
+    int size;
+    char buffer[BUFSIZ], *ptr;
+    FILE *fp;
+
+    SIGAR_ZERO(netinfo);
+
+    if ((fp = fopen("/etc/resolv.conf", "r"))) {
+        while ((ptr = fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), fp))) {
+            int len;
+
+            SIGAR_SKIP_SPACE(ptr);
+            if ((*ptr == '#') ||
+                !(ptr = strstr(ptr, "nameserver")))
+            {
+                continue;
+            }
+            ptr += 10;
+            SIGAR_SKIP_SPACE(ptr);
+
+            len = strlen(ptr);
+            ptr[len-1] = '\0'; /* chop \n */
+
+            if (!netinfo->primary_dns[0]) {
+                SIGAR_SSTRCPY(netinfo->primary_dns, ptr);
+            }
+            else if (!netinfo->secondary_dns[0]) {
+                SIGAR_SSTRCPY(netinfo->secondary_dns, ptr);
+            }
+            else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        fclose(fp);
+    } /* else /etc/resolv.conf may not exist if unplugged (MacOSX) */
+
+    size = sizeof(netinfo->host_name)-1;
+    if (gethostname(netinfo->host_name, size) == 0) {
+        netinfo->host_name[size] = '\0';
+    }
+    else {
+        netinfo->host_name[0] = '\0';
+    }
+
+    size = sizeof(netinfo->domain_name)-1;
+    if (getdomainname(netinfo->domain_name, size) == 0) {
+        netinfo->domain_name[size] = '\0';
+    }
+    else {
+        netinfo->domain_name[0] = '\0';
+    }
+
+    sigar_get_default_gateway(sigar, netinfo);
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+#include <sys/resource.h>
+
+#define OffsetOf(structure, field) \
+   (size_t)(&((structure *)NULL)->field)
+
+#define RlimitOffsets(field) \
+    OffsetOf(sigar_resource_limit_t, field##_cur), \
+    OffsetOf(sigar_resource_limit_t, field##_max)
+
+#define RlimitSet(structure, ptr, val) \
+    *(sigar_uint64_t *)((char *)structure + (int)(long)ptr) = val
+
+typedef struct {
+    int resource;
+    int factor;
+    size_t cur;
+    size_t max;
+} rlimit_field_t;
+
+#ifndef RLIMIT_RSS
+#define RLIMIT_RSS (RLIM_NLIMITS+1)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef RLIMIT_NPROC
+#define RLIMIT_NPROC (RLIM_NLIMITS+2)
+#endif
+
+#define RLIMIT_PSIZE (RLIM_NLIMITS+3)
+
+#ifndef RLIMIT_AS
+#  if defined(RLIMIT_VMEM)
+#    define RLIMIT_AS RLIMIT_VMEM
+#  elif defined(RLIMIT_RSS)
+#    define RLIMIT_AS RLIMIT_RSS
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+static rlimit_field_t sigar_rlimits[] = {
+    { RLIMIT_CPU,    1,    RlimitOffsets(cpu) },
+    { RLIMIT_FSIZE,  1024, RlimitOffsets(file_size) },
+    { RLIMIT_DATA,   1024, RlimitOffsets(data) },
+    { RLIMIT_STACK,  1024, RlimitOffsets(stack) },
+    { RLIMIT_PSIZE,   512, RlimitOffsets(pipe_size) },
+    { RLIMIT_CORE,   1024, RlimitOffsets(core) },
+    { RLIMIT_RSS,    1024, RlimitOffsets(memory) },
+    { RLIMIT_NPROC,  1,    RlimitOffsets(processes) },
+    { RLIMIT_NOFILE, 1,    RlimitOffsets(open_files) },
+    { RLIMIT_AS,     1024, RlimitOffsets(virtual_memory) },
+    { -1 }
+};
+
+#define RlimitScale(val) \
+    if (val != RLIM_INFINITY) val /= r->factor
+
+#define RlimitHS(val) \
+    rl.rlim_cur = rl.rlim_max = (val)
+
+int sigar_resource_limit_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                             sigar_resource_limit_t *rlimit)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    for (i=0; sigar_rlimits[i].resource != -1; i++) {
+        struct rlimit rl;
+        rlimit_field_t *r = &sigar_rlimits[i];
+
+        if (r->resource > RLIM_NLIMITS) {
+            switch (r->resource) {
+              case RLIMIT_NPROC:
+                RlimitHS(sysconf(_SC_CHILD_MAX));
+                break;
+              case RLIMIT_PSIZE:
+                RlimitHS(PIPE_BUF/512);
+                break;
+              default:
+                RlimitHS(RLIM_INFINITY);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (getrlimit(r->resource, &rl) != 0) {
+            RlimitHS(RLIM_INFINITY);
+        }
+        else {
+            RlimitScale(rl.rlim_cur);
+            RlimitScale(rl.rlim_max);
+        }
+
+        RlimitSet(rlimit, r->cur, rl.rlim_cur);
+        RlimitSet(rlimit, r->max, rl.rlim_max);
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(NETWARE) && !defined(DARWIN) && \
+    !defined(__FreeBSD__) && !defined(__OpenBSD__) && !defined(__NetBSD__)
+
+/* XXX: prolly will be moving these stuffs into os_net.c */
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <net/if.h>
+
+#ifndef SIOCGIFCONF
+#include <sys/sockio.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_AIX) || defined(__osf__) /* good buddies */
+
+#include <net/if_dl.h>
+
+static void hwaddr_aix_lookup(sigar_t *sigar, sigar_net_interface_config_t *ifconfig)
+{
+    char *ent, *end;
+    struct ifreq *ifr;
+
+    /* XXX: assumes sigar_net_interface_list_get has been called */
+    end = sigar->ifconf_buf + sigar->ifconf_len;
+
+    for (ent = sigar->ifconf_buf;
+         ent < end;
+         ent += sizeof(*ifr))
+    {
+        ifr = (struct ifreq *)ent;
+
+        if (ifr->ifr_addr.sa_family != AF_LINK) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (strEQ(ifr->ifr_name, ifconfig->name)) {
+            struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)&ifr->ifr_addr;
+
+            sigar_net_address_mac_set(ifconfig->hwaddr,
+                                      LLADDR(sdl),
+                                      sdl->sdl_alen);
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    sigar_hwaddr_set_null(ifconfig);
+}
+
+#elif !defined(SIOCGIFHWADDR)
+
+#include <net/if_arp.h>
+
+static void hwaddr_arp_lookup(sigar_net_interface_config_t *ifconfig, int sock)
+{
+    struct arpreq areq;
+    struct sockaddr_in *sa;
+
+    memset(&areq, 0, sizeof(areq));
+    sa = (struct sockaddr_in *)&areq.arp_pa;
+    sa->sin_family = AF_INET;
+    sa->sin_addr.s_addr = ifconfig->address.addr.in;
+    
+    if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGARP, &areq) < 0) {
+        /* ho-hum */
+        sigar_hwaddr_set_null(ifconfig);
+    }
+    else {
+        sigar_net_address_mac_set(ifconfig->hwaddr,
+                                  areq.arp_ha.sa_data,
+                                  SIGAR_IFHWADDRLEN);
+    }
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __linux__
+
+#include <net/if_arp.h>
+
+#ifndef ARPHRD_CISCO /* not in 2.2 kernel headers */
+#define ARPHRD_CISCO 513 /* Cisco HDLC. */
+#endif
+
+static void get_interface_type(sigar_net_interface_config_t *ifconfig,
+                               int family)
+{
+    char *type;
+
+    switch (family) {
+      case ARPHRD_SLIP:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_SLIP;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_CSLIP:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_CSLIP;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_SLIP6:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_SLIP6;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_CSLIP6:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_CSLIP6;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_ADAPT:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_ADAPTIVE;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_ETHER:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_ETHERNET;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_ASH:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_ASH;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_FDDI:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_FDDI;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_HIPPI:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_HIPPI;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_AX25:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_AX25;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_ROSE:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_ROSE;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_NETROM:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_NETROM;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_X25:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_X25;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_TUNNEL:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_TUNNEL;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_PPP:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_PPP;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_CISCO:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_HDLC;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_LAPB:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_LAPB;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_ARCNET:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_ARCNET;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_DLCI:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_DLCI;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_FRAD:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_FRAD;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_SIT:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_SIT;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_IRDA:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_IRDA;
+        break;
+      case ARPHRD_ECONET:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_EC;
+        break;
+      default:
+        type = SIGAR_NIC_UNSPEC;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    SIGAR_SSTRCPY(ifconfig->type, type);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+int sigar_net_interface_config_get(sigar_t *sigar, const char *name,
+                                   sigar_net_interface_config_t *ifconfig)
+{
+    int sock;
+    struct ifreq ifr;
+
+    if (!name) {
+        return sigar_net_interface_config_primary_get(sigar, ifconfig);
+    }
+
+    SIGAR_ZERO(ifconfig);
+
+    if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) {
+        return errno;
+    }
+
+    SIGAR_SSTRCPY(ifconfig->name, name);
+    SIGAR_SSTRCPY(ifr.ifr_name, name);
+
+#define ifr_s_addr(ifr) \
+    ((struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_addr)->sin_addr.s_addr
+
+    if (!ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr)) {
+        sigar_net_address_set(ifconfig->address,
+                              ifr_s_addr(ifr));
+    }
+
+    if (!ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFNETMASK, &ifr)) {
+        sigar_net_address_set(ifconfig->netmask,
+                              ifr_s_addr(ifr));
+    }
+    
+    if (!ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifr)) {
+        sigar_uint64_t flags = ifr.ifr_flags;
+#ifdef __linux__
+# ifndef IFF_DYNAMIC
+#  define IFF_DYNAMIC 0x8000 /* not in 2.2 kernel */
+# endif /* IFF_DYNAMIC */
+        int is_mcast = flags & IFF_MULTICAST;
+        int is_slave = flags & IFF_SLAVE;
+        int is_master = flags & IFF_MASTER;
+        int is_dynamic = flags & IFF_DYNAMIC;
+        /*
+         * XXX: should just define SIGAR_IFF_*
+         * and test IFF_* bits on given platform.
+         * this is the only diff between solaris/hpux/linux
+         * for the flags we care about.
+         *
+         */
+        flags &= ~(IFF_MULTICAST|IFF_SLAVE|IFF_MASTER);
+        if (is_mcast) {
+            flags |= SIGAR_IFF_MULTICAST;
+        }
+        if (is_slave) {
+            flags |= SIGAR_IFF_SLAVE;
+        }
+        if (is_master) {
+            flags |= SIGAR_IFF_MASTER;
+        }
+        if (is_dynamic) {
+            flags |= SIGAR_IFF_DYNAMIC;
+        }
+#endif
+        ifconfig->flags = flags;
+    }
+    else {
+        /* should always be able to get flags for existing device */
+        /* other ioctls may fail if device is not enabled: ok */
+        close(sock);
+        return errno;
+    }
+
+    if (ifconfig->flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) {
+        sigar_net_address_set(ifconfig->destination,
+                              ifconfig->address.addr.in);
+        sigar_net_address_set(ifconfig->broadcast, 0);
+        sigar_hwaddr_set_null(ifconfig);
+        SIGAR_SSTRCPY(ifconfig->type,
+                      SIGAR_NIC_LOOPBACK);
+    }
+    else {
+        if (!ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFDSTADDR, &ifr)) {
+            sigar_net_address_set(ifconfig->destination,
+                                  ifr_s_addr(ifr));
+        }
+
+        if (!ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFBRDADDR, &ifr)) {
+            sigar_net_address_set(ifconfig->broadcast,
+                                  ifr_s_addr(ifr));
+        }
+
+#if defined(SIOCGIFHWADDR)
+        if (!ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ifr)) {
+            get_interface_type(ifconfig,
+                               ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_family);
+            sigar_net_address_mac_set(ifconfig->hwaddr,
+                                      ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data,
+                                      IFHWADDRLEN);
+        }
+#elif defined(_AIX) || defined(__osf__)
+        hwaddr_aix_lookup(sigar, ifconfig);
+        SIGAR_SSTRCPY(ifconfig->type,
+                      SIGAR_NIC_ETHERNET);
+#else
+        hwaddr_arp_lookup(ifconfig, sock);
+        SIGAR_SSTRCPY(ifconfig->type,
+                      SIGAR_NIC_ETHERNET);
+#endif
+    }
+
+#if defined(SIOCGLIFMTU) && !defined(__hpux)
+    {
+        struct lifreq lifr;
+        SIGAR_SSTRCPY(lifr.lifr_name, name);
+        if(!ioctl(sock, SIOCGLIFMTU, &lifr)) {
+            ifconfig->mtu = lifr.lifr_mtu;
+        }
+    }
+#elif defined(SIOCGIFMTU)
+    if (!ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFMTU, &ifr)) {
+#  if defined(__hpux)
+        ifconfig->mtu = ifr.ifr_metric;
+#  else
+        ifconfig->mtu = ifr.ifr_mtu;
+#endif
+    }
+#else
+    ifconfig->mtu = 0; /*XXX*/
+#endif
+    
+    if (!ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFMETRIC, &ifr)) {
+        ifconfig->metric = ifr.ifr_metric ? ifr.ifr_metric : 1;
+    }
+
+#if defined(SIOCGIFTXQLEN)
+    if (!ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFTXQLEN, &ifr)) {
+        ifconfig->tx_queue_len = ifr.ifr_qlen;
+    } 
+    else {
+        ifconfig->tx_queue_len = -1; /* net-tools behaviour */
+    }
+#else
+    ifconfig->tx_queue_len = -1;
+#endif
+
+    close(sock);
+
+    /* XXX can we get a better description like win32? */
+    SIGAR_SSTRCPY(ifconfig->description,
+                  ifconfig->name);
+
+    sigar_net_interface_ipv6_config_init(ifconfig);
+    sigar_net_interface_ipv6_config_get(sigar, name, ifconfig);
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+#ifdef _AIX
+#  define MY_SIOCGIFCONF CSIOCGIFCONF
+#else
+#  define MY_SIOCGIFCONF SIOCGIFCONF
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __osf__
+static int sigar_netif_configured(sigar_t *sigar, char *name)
+{
+    int status;
+    sigar_net_interface_config_t ifconfig;
+
+    status = sigar_net_interface_config_get(sigar, name, &ifconfig);
+
+    return status == SIGAR_OK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __linux__
+static SIGAR_INLINE int has_interface(sigar_net_interface_list_t *iflist,
+                                      char *name)
+{
+    register int i;
+    register int num = iflist->number;
+    register char **data = iflist->data;
+    for (i=0; i<num; i++) {
+        if (strEQ(name, data[i])) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int proc_net_interface_list_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                       sigar_net_interface_list_t *iflist)
+{
+    /* certain interfaces such as VMware vmnic
+     * are not returned by ioctl(SIOCGIFCONF).
+     * check /proc/net/dev for any ioctl missed.
+     */
+    char buffer[BUFSIZ];
+    FILE *fp = fopen("/proc/net/dev", "r");
+
+    if (!fp) {
+        return errno;
+    }
+
+    /* skip header */
+    fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), fp);
+    fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), fp);
+
+    while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), fp)) {
+        char *ptr, *dev;
+
+        dev = buffer;
+        while (isspace(*dev)) {
+            dev++;
+        }
+
+        if (!(ptr = strchr(dev, ':'))) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        *ptr++ = 0;
+
+        if (has_interface(iflist, dev)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        SIGAR_NET_IFLIST_GROW(iflist);
+
+        iflist->data[iflist->number++] =
+            sigar_strdup(dev);
+    }
+
+    fclose(fp);
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+#endif
+
+int sigar_net_interface_list_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                 sigar_net_interface_list_t *iflist)
+{
+    int n, lastlen=0;
+    struct ifreq *ifr;
+    struct ifconf ifc;
+    int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+
+    if (sock < 0) {
+        return errno;
+    } 
+
+    for (;;) {
+        if (!sigar->ifconf_buf || lastlen) {
+            sigar->ifconf_len += sizeof(struct ifreq) * SIGAR_NET_IFLIST_MAX;
+            sigar->ifconf_buf = realloc(sigar->ifconf_buf, sigar->ifconf_len);
+        }
+
+        ifc.ifc_len = sigar->ifconf_len;
+        ifc.ifc_buf = sigar->ifconf_buf;
+
+        if (ioctl(sock, MY_SIOCGIFCONF, &ifc) < 0) {
+            /* EINVAL should mean num_interfaces > ifc.ifc_len */
+            if ((errno != EINVAL) ||
+                (lastlen == ifc.ifc_len))
+            {
+                free(ifc.ifc_buf);
+                return errno;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (ifc.ifc_len < sigar->ifconf_len) {
+            break; /* got em all */
+        }
+
+        if (ifc.ifc_len != lastlen) {
+            /* might be more */
+            lastlen = ifc.ifc_len;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        break;
+    }
+
+    close(sock);
+
+    iflist->number = 0;
+    iflist->size = ifc.ifc_len;
+    iflist->data = malloc(sizeof(*(iflist->data)) *
+                          iflist->size);
+
+    ifr = ifc.ifc_req;
+    for (n = 0; n < ifc.ifc_len; n += sizeof(struct ifreq), ifr++) {
+#if defined(_AIX) || defined(__osf__) /* pass the bourbon */
+        if (ifr->ifr_addr.sa_family != AF_LINK) {
+            /* XXX: dunno if this is right.
+             * otherwise end up with two 'en0' and three 'lo0'
+             * with the same ip address.
+             */
+            continue;
+        }
+#   ifdef __osf__
+        /* weed out "sl0", "tun0" and the like */
+        /* XXX must be a better way to check this */
+        if (!sigar_netif_configured(sigar, ifr->ifr_name)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+#   endif        
+#endif
+        iflist->data[iflist->number++] =
+            sigar_strdup(ifr->ifr_name);
+    }
+
+#ifdef __linux__
+    proc_net_interface_list_get(sigar, iflist);
+#endif
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int)
+sigar_net_interface_config_primary_get(sigar_t *sigar,
+                                       sigar_net_interface_config_t *ifconfig)
+{
+    int i, status, found=0;
+    sigar_net_interface_list_t iflist;
+    sigar_net_interface_config_t possible_config;
+
+    possible_config.flags = 0;
+
+    if ((status = sigar_net_interface_list_get(sigar, &iflist)) != SIGAR_OK) {
+        return status;
+    }
+
+    for (i=0; i<iflist.number; i++) {
+        status = sigar_net_interface_config_get(sigar,
+                                                iflist.data[i], ifconfig);
+
+        if ((status != SIGAR_OK) ||
+            (ifconfig->flags & SIGAR_IFF_LOOPBACK) ||
+            !ifconfig->hwaddr.addr.in)   /* no mac address */
+        {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!possible_config.flags) {
+            /* save for later for use if we're not connected to the net
+             * or all interfaces are aliases (e.g. solaris zone)
+             */
+            memcpy(&possible_config, ifconfig, sizeof(*ifconfig));
+        }
+        if (!ifconfig->address.addr.in) {
+            continue; /* no ip address */
+        }
+        if (strchr(iflist.data[i], ':')) {
+            continue; /* alias */
+        }
+
+        found = 1;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    sigar_net_interface_list_destroy(sigar, &iflist);
+
+    if (found) {
+        return SIGAR_OK;
+    }
+    else if (possible_config.flags) {
+        memcpy(ifconfig, &possible_config, sizeof(*ifconfig));
+        return SIGAR_OK;
+    }
+    else {
+        return SIGAR_ENXIO;
+    }
+}
+
+static int fqdn_ip_get(sigar_t *sigar, char *name)
+{
+    sigar_net_interface_config_t ifconfig;
+    int status;
+
+    status = sigar_net_interface_config_primary_get(sigar, &ifconfig);
+
+    if (status != SIGAR_OK) {
+        return status;
+    }
+    if (!ifconfig.address.addr.in) {
+        return SIGAR_ENXIO;
+    }
+
+    sigar_net_address_to_string(sigar, &ifconfig.address, name);
+
+    sigar_log_printf(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                     "[fqdn] using ip address '%s' for fqdn",
+                     name);
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+struct hostent *sigar_gethostbyname(const char *name,
+                                    sigar_hostent_t *data)
+{
+    struct hostent *hp = NULL;
+ 
+#if defined(__linux__)
+    gethostbyname_r(name, &data->hs,
+                    data->buffer, sizeof(data->buffer),
+                    &hp, &data->error);
+#elif defined(__sun)
+    hp = gethostbyname_r(name, &data->hs,
+                         data->buffer, sizeof(data->buffer),
+                         &data->error);
+#elif defined(SIGAR_HAS_HOSTENT_DATA)
+    if (gethostbyname_r(name, &data->hs, &data->hd) == 0) {
+        hp = &data->hs;
+    }
+    else {
+        data->error = h_errno;
+    }
+#else
+    hp = gethostbyname(name);
+#endif
+
+    return hp;
+}
+
+static struct hostent *sigar_gethostbyaddr(const char *addr,
+                                           int len, int type,
+                                           sigar_hostent_t *data)
+{
+    struct hostent *hp = NULL;
+
+#if defined(__linux__)
+    gethostbyaddr_r(addr, len, type,
+                    &data->hs,
+                    data->buffer, sizeof(data->buffer),
+                    &hp, &data->error);
+#elif defined(__sun)
+    hp = gethostbyaddr_r(addr, len, type,
+                         &data->hs,
+                         data->buffer, sizeof(data->buffer),
+                         &data->error);
+#elif defined(SIGAR_HAS_HOSTENT_DATA)
+    if (gethostbyaddr_r((char *)addr, len, type,
+                        &data->hs, &data->hd) == 0)
+    {
+        hp = &data->hs;
+    }
+    else {
+        data->error = h_errno;
+    }
+#else
+    if (!(hp = gethostbyaddr(addr, len, type))) {
+        data->error = h_errno;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return hp;
+}
+#define IS_FQDN(name) \
+    (name && strchr(name, '.'))
+
+#define IS_FQDN_MATCH(lookup, name) \
+    (IS_FQDN(lookup) && strnEQ(lookup, name, strlen(name)))
+
+#define FQDN_SET(fqdn) \
+    SIGAR_STRNCPY(name, fqdn, namelen)
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(int) sigar_fqdn_get(sigar_t *sigar, char *name, int namelen)
+{
+    register int is_debug = SIGAR_LOG_IS_DEBUG(sigar);
+    sigar_hostent_t data;
+    struct hostent *p;
+    char domain[SIGAR_FQDN_LEN + 1];
+#ifdef WIN32
+    int status = sigar_wsa_init(sigar);
+
+    if (status != SIGAR_OK) {
+        return status;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (gethostname(name, namelen - 1) != 0) {
+        sigar_log_printf(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_ERROR,
+                         "[fqdn] gethostname failed: %s",
+                         sigar_strerror(sigar, errno));
+        return errno;
+    }
+    else {
+        if (is_debug) {
+            sigar_log_printf(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                             "[fqdn] gethostname()=='%s'",
+                             name);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!(p = sigar_gethostbyname(name, &data))) {
+        if (is_debug) {
+            sigar_log_printf(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                             "[fqdn] gethostbyname(%s) failed: %s",
+                             name, sigar_strerror(sigar, errno));
+        }
+
+        if (!IS_FQDN(name)) {
+            fqdn_ip_get(sigar, name);
+        }
+
+        return SIGAR_OK;
+    }
+
+    if (IS_FQDN_MATCH(p->h_name, name)) {
+        FQDN_SET(p->h_name);
+
+        sigar_log(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                  "[fqdn] resolved using gethostbyname.h_name");
+
+        return SIGAR_OK;
+    }
+    else {
+        sigar_log_printf(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                         "[fqdn] unresolved using gethostbyname.h_name");
+    }
+
+    if (p->h_aliases) {
+        int i;
+
+        for (i=0; p->h_aliases[i]; i++) {
+            if (IS_FQDN_MATCH(p->h_aliases[i], name)) {
+                FQDN_SET(p->h_aliases[i]);
+
+                sigar_log(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                          "[fqdn] resolved using gethostbyname.h_aliases");
+
+                return SIGAR_OK;
+            }
+            else if (is_debug) {
+                sigar_log_printf(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                                 "[fqdn] gethostbyname(%s).alias[%d]=='%s'",
+                                 name, i, p->h_aliases[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    sigar_log_printf(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                     "[fqdn] unresolved using gethostbyname.h_aliases");
+
+    if (p->h_addr_list) {
+        int i,j;
+
+        for (i=0; p->h_addr_list[i]; i++) {
+            char addr[SIGAR_INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
+            struct in_addr *in =
+                (struct in_addr *)p->h_addr_list[i];
+
+            struct hostent *q =
+                sigar_gethostbyaddr(p->h_addr_list[i],
+                                    p->h_length,
+                                    p->h_addrtype,
+                                    &data);
+
+            if (is_debug) {
+                sigar_inet_ntoa(sigar, in->s_addr, addr);
+            }
+
+            if (!q) {
+                if (is_debug) {
+                    sigar_log_printf(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                                     "[fqdn] gethostbyaddr(%s) failed: %s",
+                                     addr,
+                                     sigar_strerror(sigar, errno));
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (IS_FQDN_MATCH(q->h_name, name)) {
+                FQDN_SET(q->h_name);
+
+                sigar_log(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                          "[fqdn] resolved using gethostbyaddr.h_name");
+
+                return SIGAR_OK;
+            }
+            else {
+                if (is_debug) {
+                    sigar_log_printf(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                                     "[fqdn] gethostbyaddr(%s)=='%s'",
+                                     addr, q->h_name);
+                }
+
+                for (j=0; q->h_aliases[j]; j++) {
+                    if (IS_FQDN_MATCH(q->h_aliases[j], name)) {
+                        FQDN_SET(q->h_aliases[j]);
+
+                        sigar_log(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                                  "[fqdn] resolved using "
+                                  "gethostbyaddr.h_aliases");
+
+                        return SIGAR_OK;
+                    }
+                    else if (is_debug) {
+                        sigar_log_printf(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                                         "[fqdn] gethostbyaddr(%s).alias[%d]=='%s'",
+                                         addr, j, q->h_aliases[j]);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    sigar_log(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+              "[fqdn] unresolved using gethostbyname.h_addr_list");
+
+#if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(NETWARE)
+    if (!IS_FQDN(name) && /* e.g. aix gethostname is already fqdn */
+        (getdomainname(domain, sizeof(domain) - 1) == 0) &&
+        (domain[0] != '\0') &&
+        (domain[0] != '('))  /* linux default is "(none)" */
+    {
+        /* sprintf(name, "%s.%s", name, domain); */
+        char *ptr = name;
+        int len = strlen(name);
+        ptr += len;
+        *ptr++ = '.';
+        namelen -= (len+1);
+        SIGAR_STRNCPY(ptr, domain, namelen);
+
+        sigar_log(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                  "[fqdn] resolved using getdomainname");
+    }
+    else {
+        sigar_log(sigar, SIGAR_LOG_DEBUG,
+                  "[fqdn] getdomainname failed");
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (!IS_FQDN(name)) {
+        fqdn_ip_get(sigar, name);
+    }
+
+    return SIGAR_OK;
+}
+
+#ifndef MAX_STRING_LEN
+#define MAX_STRING_LEN 8192
+#endif
+
+#ifdef WIN32
+/* The windows version of getPasswordNative was lifted from apr */
+SIGAR_DECLARE(char *) sigar_password_get(const char *prompt)
+{
+    static char password[MAX_STRING_LEN];
+    int n = 0;
+    int ch;
+
+    fputs(prompt, stderr);
+    fflush(stderr);
+
+    while ((ch = _getch()) != '\r') {
+        if (ch == EOF) /* EOF */ {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        else if (ch == 0 || ch == 0xE0) {
+            /* FN Keys (0 or E0) are a sentinal for a FN code */ 
+            ch = (ch << 4) | _getch();
+            /* Catch {DELETE}, {<--}, Num{DEL} and Num{<--} */
+            if ((ch == 0xE53 || ch == 0xE4B || ch == 0x053 || ch == 0x04b) && n) {
+                password[--n] = '\0';
+                fputs("\b \b", stderr);
+                fflush(stderr);
+            }
+            else {
+                fputc('\a', stderr);
+                fflush(stderr);
+            }
+        }
+        else if ((ch == '\b' || ch == 127) && n) /* BS/DEL */ {
+            password[--n] = '\0';
+            fputs("\b \b", stderr);
+            fflush(stderr);
+        }
+        else if (ch == 3) /* CTRL+C */ {
+            /* _getch() bypasses Ctrl+C but not Ctrl+Break detection! */
+            fputs("^C\n", stderr);
+            fflush(stderr);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        else if (ch == 26) /* CTRL+Z */ {
+            fputs("^Z\n", stderr);
+            fflush(stderr);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+	else if (ch == 27) /* ESC */ {
+            fputc('\n', stderr);
+            fputs(prompt, stderr);
+            fflush(stderr);
+            n = 0;
+        }
+        else if ((n < sizeof(password) - 1) && !iscntrl(ch)) {
+            password[n++] = ch;
+            fputc(' ', stderr);
+            fflush(stderr);
+        }
+	else {
+            fputc('\a', stderr);
+            fflush(stderr);
+        }
+    }
+ 
+    fputc('\n', stderr);
+    fflush(stderr);
+    password[n] = '\0';
+
+    return password;
+}
+
+#else
+
+/* linux/hpux/solaris getpass() prototype lives here */
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <termios.h>
+
+/* from apr_getpass.c */
+
+#if defined(SIGAR_HPUX)
+#   define getpass termios_getpass
+#elif defined(SIGAR_SOLARIS)
+#   define getpass getpassphrase
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SIGAR_HPUX
+static char *termios_getpass(const char *prompt)
+{
+    struct termios attr;
+    static char password[MAX_STRING_LEN];
+    unsigned int n=0;
+
+    fputs(prompt, stderr);
+    fflush(stderr);
+        
+    if (tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &attr) != 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    attr.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO);
+
+    if (tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSAFLUSH, &attr) != 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    while ((password[n] = getchar()) != '\n') {
+        if (n < (sizeof(password) - 1) && 
+            (password[n] >= ' ') && 
+            (password[n] <= '~'))
+        {
+            n++;
+        }
+        else {
+            fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+            fputs(prompt, stderr);
+            fflush(stderr);
+            n = 0;
+        }
+    }
+ 
+    password[n] = '\0';
+    printf("\n");
+
+    if (n > (MAX_STRING_LEN - 1)) {
+        password[MAX_STRING_LEN - 1] = '\0';
+    }
+
+    attr.c_lflag |= ECHO;
+    tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &attr);
+
+    return (char *)&password;
+}
+#endif
+
+SIGAR_DECLARE(char *) sigar_password_get(const char *prompt)
+{
+    char *buf = NULL;
+
+    /* the linux version of getpass prints the prompt to the tty; ok.
+     * the solaris version prints the prompt to stderr; not ok.
+     * so print the prompt to /dev/tty ourselves if possible (always should be)
+     */
+
+    FILE *tty = NULL;
+
+    if ((tty = fopen("/dev/tty", "w"))) {
+        fprintf(tty, "%s", prompt);
+        fflush(tty);
+
+        buf = getpass(tty ? "" : prompt);
+        fclose(tty);
+    }
+
+    return buf;
+}
+
+#endif /* WIN32 */