rubygems-update 2.6.0 → 3.5.4

data/lib/rubygems.rb

@@ -1,24 +1,23 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
-# -*- ruby -*-
+
 #--
 # Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
 # All rights reserved.
 # See LICENSE.txt for permissions.
 #++
 
-require 'rbconfig'
-require 'thread'
+require "rbconfig"
 
 module Gem
-  VERSION = '2.6.0'
+  VERSION = "3.5.4"
 end
 
 # Must be first since it unloads the prelude from 1.9.2
-require 'rubygems/compatibility'
+require_relative "rubygems/compatibility"
 
-require 'rubygems/defaults'
-require 'rubygems/deprecate'
-require 'rubygems/errors'
+require_relative "rubygems/defaults"
+require_relative "rubygems/deprecate"
+require_relative "rubygems/errors"
 
 ##
 # RubyGems is the Ruby standard for publishing and managing third party
@@ -27,35 +26,34 @@ require 'rubygems/errors'
 # For user documentation, see:
 #
 # * <tt>gem help</tt> and <tt>gem help [command]</tt>
-# * {RubyGems User Guide}[http://guides.rubygems.org/]
-# * {Frequently Asked Questions}[http://guides.rubygems.org/faqs]
+# * {RubyGems User Guide}[https://guides.rubygems.org/]
+# * {Frequently Asked Questions}[https://guides.rubygems.org/faqs]
 #
 # For gem developer documentation see:
 #
-# * {Creating Gems}[http://guides.rubygems.org/make-your-own-gem]
+# * {Creating Gems}[https://guides.rubygems.org/make-your-own-gem]
 # * Gem::Specification
 # * Gem::Version for version dependency notes
 #
 # Further RubyGems documentation can be found at:
 #
-# * {RubyGems Guides}[http://guides.rubygems.org]
-# * {RubyGems API}[http://rubygems.rubyforge.org/rdoc] (also available from
+# * {RubyGems Guides}[https://guides.rubygems.org]
+# * {RubyGems API}[https://www.rubydoc.info/github/rubygems/rubygems] (also available from
 #   <tt>gem server</tt>)
 #
 # == RubyGems Plugins
 #
-# As of RubyGems 1.3.2, RubyGems will load plugins installed in gems or
+# RubyGems will load plugins in the latest version of each installed gem or
 # $LOAD_PATH.  Plugins must be named 'rubygems_plugin' (.rb, .so, etc) and
-# placed at the root of your gem's #require_path.  Plugins are discovered via
-# Gem::find_files then loaded.  Take care when implementing a plugin as your
-# plugin file may be loaded multiple times if multiple versions of your gem
-# are installed.
+# placed at the root of your gem's #require_path.  Plugins are installed at a
+# special location and loaded on boot.
 #
-# For an example plugin, see the graph gem which adds a `gem graph` command.
+# For an example plugin, see the {Graph gem}[https://github.com/seattlerb/graph]
+# which adds a <tt>gem graph</tt> command.
 #
 # == RubyGems Defaults, Packaging
 #
-# RubyGems defaults are stored in rubygems/defaults.rb.  If you're packaging
+# RubyGems defaults are stored in lib/rubygems/defaults.rb.  If you're packaging
 # RubyGems or implementing Ruby you can change RubyGems' defaults.
 #
 # For RubyGems packagers, provide lib/rubygems/defaults/operating_system.rb
@@ -65,7 +63,7 @@ require 'rubygems/errors'
 # override any defaults from lib/rubygems/defaults.rb.
 #
 # If you need RubyGems to perform extra work on install or uninstall, your
-# defaults override file can set pre and post install and uninstall hooks.
+# defaults override file can set pre/post install and uninstall hooks.
 # See Gem::pre_install, Gem::pre_uninstall, Gem::post_install,
 # Gem::post_uninstall.
 #
@@ -106,15 +104,16 @@ require 'rubygems/errors'
 #
 # (If your name is missing, PLEASE let us know!)
 #
+# == License
+#
 # See {LICENSE.txt}[rdoc-ref:lib/rubygems/LICENSE.txt] for permissions.
 #
 # Thanks!
 #
 # -The RubyGems Team
 
-
 module Gem
-  RUBYGEMS_DIR = File.dirname File.expand_path(__FILE__)
+  RUBYGEMS_DIR = __dir__
 
   ##
   # An Array of Regexps that match windows Ruby platforms.
@@ -126,13 +125,14 @@ module Gem
     /mingw/i,
     /mswin/i,
     /wince/i,
-  ]
+  ].freeze
 
   GEM_DEP_FILES = %w[
     gem.deps.rb
+    gems.rb
     Gemfile
     Isolate
-  ]
+  ].freeze
 
   ##
   # Subdirectories in a gem repository
@@ -143,8 +143,9 @@ module Gem
     doc
     extensions
     gems
+    plugins
     specifications
-  ]
+  ].freeze
 
   ##
   # Subdirectories in a gem repository for default gems
@@ -152,14 +153,14 @@ module Gem
   REPOSITORY_DEFAULT_GEM_SUBDIRECTORIES = %w[
     gems
     specifications/default
-  ]
+  ].freeze
 
   @@win_platform = nil
 
   @configuration = nil
   @gemdeps = nil
   @loaded_specs = {}
-  LOADED_SPECS_MUTEX = Mutex.new
+  LOADED_SPECS_MUTEX = Thread::Mutex.new
   @path_to_default_spec_map = {}
   @platforms = []
   @ruby = nil
@@ -174,20 +175,16 @@ module Gem
   @pre_reset_hooks      ||= []
   @post_reset_hooks     ||= []
 
-  def self.env_requirement(gem_name)
-    @env_requirements_by_name ||= {}
-    @env_requirements_by_name[gem_name] ||= begin
-      req = ENV["GEM_REQUIREMENT_#{gem_name.upcase}"] || '>= 0'.freeze
-      Gem::Requirement.create(req)
-    end
-  end
+  @default_source_date_epoch = nil
+
+  @discover_gems_on_require = true
 
   ##
   # Try to activate a gem containing +path+. Returns true if
   # activation succeeded or wasn't needed because it was already
   # activated. Returns false if it can't find the path in a gem.
 
-  def self.try_activate path
+  def self.try_activate(path)
     # finds the _latest_ version... regardless of loaded specs and their deps
     # if another gem had a requirement that would mean we shouldn't
     # activate the latest version, then either it would already be activated
@@ -209,7 +206,7 @@ module Gem
       end
     end
 
-    return true
+    true
   end
 
   def self.needs
@@ -222,6 +219,7 @@ module Gem
 
   def self.finish_resolve(request_set=Gem::RequestSet.new)
     request_set.import Gem::Specification.unresolved_deps.values
+    request_set.import Gem.loaded_specs.values.map {|s| Gem::Dependency.new(s.name, s.version) }
 
     request_set.resolve_current.each do |s|
       s.full_spec.activate
@@ -230,39 +228,58 @@ module Gem
 
   ##
   # Find the full path to the executable for gem +name+.  If the +exec_name+
-  # is not given, the gem's default_executable is chosen, otherwise the
+  # is not given, an exception will be raised, otherwise the
   # specified executable's path is returned.  +requirements+ allows
   # you to specify specific gem versions.
 
   def self.bin_path(name, exec_name = nil, *requirements)
-    # TODO: fails test_self_bin_path_bin_file_gone_in_latest
-    # Gem::Specification.find_by_name(name, *requirements).bin_file exec_name
-
-    raise ArgumentError, "you must supply exec_name" unless exec_name
-
     requirements = Gem::Requirement.default if
       requirements.empty?
 
+    find_spec_for_exe(name, exec_name, requirements).bin_file exec_name
+  end
+
+  def self.find_spec_for_exe(name, exec_name, requirements)
+    raise ArgumentError, "you must supply exec_name" unless exec_name
+
     dep = Gem::Dependency.new name, requirements
 
     loaded = Gem.loaded_specs[name]
 
-    return loaded.bin_file exec_name if loaded && dep.matches_spec?(loaded)
+    return loaded if loaded && dep.matches_spec?(loaded)
 
     specs = dep.matching_specs(true)
 
-    raise Gem::GemNotFoundException,
-          "can't find gem #{dep}" if specs.empty?
-
-    specs = specs.find_all { |spec|
+    specs = specs.find_all do |spec|
       spec.executables.include? exec_name
-    } if exec_name
+    end if exec_name
 
-    unless spec = specs.last
-      msg = "can't find gem #{name} (#{requirements}) with executable #{exec_name}"
+    unless spec = specs.first
+      msg = "can't find gem #{dep} with executable #{exec_name}"
       raise Gem::GemNotFoundException, msg
     end
 
+    spec
+  end
+  private_class_method :find_spec_for_exe
+
+  ##
+  # Find the full path to the executable for gem +name+.  If the +exec_name+
+  # is not given, an exception will be raised, otherwise the
+  # specified executable's path is returned.  +requirements+ allows
+  # you to specify specific gem versions.
+  #
+  # A side effect of this method is that it will activate the gem that
+  # contains the executable.
+  #
+  # This method should *only* be used in bin stub files.
+
+  def self.activate_bin_path(name, exec_name = nil, *requirements) # :nodoc:
+    spec = find_spec_for_exe name, exec_name, requirements
+    Gem::LOADED_SPECS_MUTEX.synchronize do
+      spec.activate
+      finish_resolve
+    end
     spec.bin_file exec_name
   end
 
@@ -270,18 +287,25 @@ module Gem
   # The mode needed to read a file as straight binary.
 
   def self.binary_mode
-    'rb'
+    "rb"
   end
 
   ##
   # The path where gem executables are to be installed.
 
   def self.bindir(install_dir=Gem.dir)
-    return File.join install_dir, 'bin' unless
+    return File.join install_dir, "bin" unless
       install_dir.to_s == Gem.default_dir.to_s
     Gem.default_bindir
   end
 
+  ##
+  # The path were rubygems plugins are to be installed.
+
+  def self.plugindir(install_dir=Gem.dir)
+    File.join install_dir, "plugins"
+  end
+
   ##
   # Reset the +dir+ and +path+ values.  The next time +dir+ or +path+
   # is requested, the values will be calculated from scratch.  This is
@@ -294,13 +318,6 @@ module Gem
     Gem::Security.reset if defined?(Gem::Security)
   end
 
-  ##
-  # The path to standard location of the user's .gemrc file.
-
-  def self.config_file
-    @config_file ||= File.join Gem.user_home, '.gemrc'
-  end
-
   ##
   # The standard configuration object for gems.
 
@@ -316,22 +333,11 @@ module Gem
     @configuration = config
   end
 
-  ##
-  # The path to the data directory specified by the gem name.  If the
-  # package is not available as a gem, return nil.
-
-  def self.datadir(gem_name)
-# TODO: deprecate
-    spec = @loaded_specs[gem_name]
-    return nil if spec.nil?
-    spec.datadir
-  end
-
   ##
   # A Zlib::Deflate.deflate wrapper
 
   def self.deflate(data)
-    require 'zlib'
+    require "zlib"
     Zlib::Deflate.deflate data
   end
 
@@ -345,17 +351,38 @@ module Gem
   # Initialize the filesystem paths to use from +env+.
   # +env+ is a hash-like object (typically ENV) that
   # is queried for 'GEM_HOME', 'GEM_PATH', and 'GEM_SPEC_CACHE'
+  # Keys for the +env+ hash should be Strings, and values of the hash should
+  # be Strings or +nil+.
 
   def self.paths=(env)
     clear_paths
-    @paths = Gem::PathSupport.new ENV.to_hash.merge(env)
+    target = {}
+    env.each_pair do |k,v|
+      case k
+      when "GEM_HOME", "GEM_PATH", "GEM_SPEC_CACHE"
+        case v
+        when nil, String
+          target[k] = v
+        when Array
+          unless Gem::Deprecate.skip
+            warn <<-EOWARN
+Array values in the parameter to `Gem.paths=` are deprecated.
+Please use a String or nil.
+An Array (#{env.inspect}) was passed in from #{caller[3]}
+            EOWARN
+          end
+          target[k] = v.join File::PATH_SEPARATOR
+        end
+      else
+        target[k] = v
+      end
+    end
+    @paths = Gem::PathSupport.new ENV.to_hash.merge(target)
     Gem::Specification.dirs = @paths.path
   end
 
   ##
   # The path where gems are to be installed.
-  #--
-  # FIXME deprecate these once everything else has been done -ebh
 
   def self.dir
     paths.home
@@ -378,7 +405,7 @@ module Gem
   #
   # World-writable directories will never be created.
 
-  def self.ensure_gem_subdirectories dir = Gem.dir, mode = nil
+  def self.ensure_gem_subdirectories(dir = Gem.dir, mode = nil)
     ensure_subdirectories(dir, mode, REPOSITORY_SUBDIRECTORIES)
   end
 
@@ -391,15 +418,13 @@ module Gem
   #
   # World-writable directories will never be created.
 
-  def self.ensure_default_gem_subdirectories dir = Gem.dir, mode = nil
+  def self.ensure_default_gem_subdirectories(dir = Gem.dir, mode = nil)
     ensure_subdirectories(dir, mode, REPOSITORY_DEFAULT_GEM_SUBDIRECTORIES)
   end
 
-  def self.ensure_subdirectories dir, mode, subdirs # :nodoc:
+  def self.ensure_subdirectories(dir, mode, subdirs) # :nodoc:
     old_umask = File.umask
-    File.umask old_umask | 002
-
-    require 'fileutils'
+    File.umask old_umask | 0o002
 
     options = {}
 
@@ -408,7 +433,13 @@ module Gem
     subdirs.each do |name|
       subdir = File.join dir, name
       next if File.exist? subdir
-      FileUtils.mkdir_p subdir, options rescue nil
+
+      require "fileutils"
+
+      begin
+        FileUtils.mkdir_p subdir, **options
+      rescue SystemCallError
+      end
     end
   ensure
     File.umask old_umask
@@ -419,7 +450,7 @@ module Gem
   # distinction as extensions cannot be shared between the two.
 
   def self.extension_api_version # :nodoc:
-    if 'no' == RbConfig::CONFIG['ENABLE_SHARED'] then
+    if RbConfig::CONFIG["ENABLE_SHARED"] == "no"
       "#{ruby_api_version}-static"
     else
       ruby_api_version
@@ -445,7 +476,7 @@ module Gem
 
     gem_specifications = @gemdeps ? Gem.loaded_specs.values : Gem::Specification.stubs
 
-    files.concat gem_specifications.map { |spec|
+    files.concat gem_specifications.map {|spec|
       spec.matches_for_glob("#{glob}#{Gem.suffix_pattern}")
     }.flatten
 
@@ -453,13 +484,14 @@ module Gem
     # the spec dirs directly, so we prune.
     files.uniq! if check_load_path
 
-    return files
+    files
   end
 
-  def self.find_files_from_load_path glob # :nodoc:
-    $LOAD_PATH.map { |load_path|
-      Dir["#{File.expand_path glob, load_path}#{Gem.suffix_pattern}"]
-    }.flatten.select { |file| File.file? file.untaint }
+  def self.find_files_from_load_path(glob) # :nodoc:
+    glob_with_suffixes = "#{glob}#{Gem.suffix_pattern}"
+    $LOAD_PATH.map do |load_path|
+      Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir(glob_with_suffixes, load_path)
+    end.flatten.select {|file| File.file? file }
   end
 
   ##
@@ -479,7 +511,7 @@ module Gem
 
     files = find_files_from_load_path glob if check_load_path
 
-    files.concat Gem::Specification.latest_specs(true).map { |spec|
+    files.concat Gem::Specification.latest_specs(true).map {|spec|
       spec.matches_for_glob("#{glob}#{Gem.suffix_pattern}")
     }.flatten
 
@@ -487,73 +519,7 @@ module Gem
     # the spec dirs directly, so we prune.
     files.uniq! if check_load_path
 
-    return files
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Finds the user's home directory.
-  #--
-  # Some comments from the ruby-talk list regarding finding the home
-  # directory:
-  #
-  #   I have HOME, USERPROFILE and HOMEDRIVE + HOMEPATH. Ruby seems
-  #   to be depending on HOME in those code samples. I propose that
-  #   it should fallback to USERPROFILE and HOMEDRIVE + HOMEPATH (at
-  #   least on Win32).
-  #++
-  #--
-  #
-  # FIXME move to pathsupport
-  #
-  #++
-
-  def self.find_home
-    windows = File::ALT_SEPARATOR
-    if not windows or RUBY_VERSION >= '1.9' then
-      File.expand_path "~"
-    else
-      ['HOME', 'USERPROFILE'].each do |key|
-        return File.expand_path ENV[key] if ENV[key]
-      end
-
-      if ENV['HOMEDRIVE'] && ENV['HOMEPATH'] then
-        File.expand_path "#{ENV['HOMEDRIVE']}#{ENV['HOMEPATH']}"
-      end
-    end
-  rescue
-    if windows then
-      File.expand_path File.join(ENV['HOMEDRIVE'] || ENV['SystemDrive'], '/')
-    else
-      File.expand_path "/"
-    end
-  end
-
-  private_class_method :find_home
-
-  # FIXME deprecate these in 3.0
-
-  ##
-  # Zlib::GzipReader wrapper that unzips +data+.
-
-  def self.gunzip(data)
-    require 'rubygems/util'
-    Gem::Util.gunzip data
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Zlib::GzipWriter wrapper that zips +data+.
-
-  def self.gzip(data)
-    require 'rubygems/util'
-    Gem::Util.gzip data
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # A Zlib::Inflate#inflate wrapper
-
-  def self.inflate(data)
-    require 'rubygems/util'
-    Gem::Util.inflate data
+    files
   end
 
   ##
@@ -561,11 +527,11 @@ module Gem
   #
   #   % irb
   #   >> Gem.install "minitest"
-  #   Fetching: minitest-3.0.1.gem (100%)
+  #   Fetching: minitest-5.14.0.gem (100%)
   #   => [#<Gem::Specification:0x1013b4528 @name="minitest", ...>]
 
-  def self.install name, version = Gem::Requirement.default, *options
-    require "rubygems/dependency_installer"
+  def self.install(name, version = Gem::Requirement.default, *options)
+    require_relative "rubygems/dependency_installer"
     inst = Gem::DependencyInstaller.new(*options)
     inst.install name, version
     inst.installed_gems
@@ -576,14 +542,12 @@ module Gem
   # <tt>https://rubygems.org</tt>.
 
   def self.host
-    # TODO: move to utils
     @host ||= Gem::DEFAULT_HOST
   end
 
   ## Set the default RubyGems API host.
 
-  def self.host= host
-    # TODO: move to utils
+  def self.host=(host)
     @host = host
   end
 
@@ -596,9 +560,27 @@ module Gem
       return i if path.instance_variable_defined?(:@gem_prelude_index)
     end
 
-    index = $LOAD_PATH.index RbConfig::CONFIG['sitelibdir']
+    index = $LOAD_PATH.index RbConfig::CONFIG["sitelibdir"]
 
-    index
+    index || 0
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The number of paths in the +$LOAD_PATH+ from activated gems. Used to
+  # prioritize +-I+ and <code>ENV['RUBYLIB']</code> entries during +require+.
+
+  def self.activated_gem_paths
+    @activated_gem_paths ||= 0
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Add a list of paths to the $LOAD_PATH at the proper place.
+
+  def self.add_to_load_path(*paths)
+    @activated_gem_paths = activated_gem_paths + paths.size
+
+    # gem directories must come after -I and ENV['RUBYLIB']
+    $LOAD_PATH.insert(Gem.load_path_insert_index, *paths)
   end
 
   @yaml_loaded = false
@@ -608,58 +590,41 @@ module Gem
 
   def self.load_yaml
     return if @yaml_loaded
-    return unless defined?(gem)
-
-    test_syck = ENV['TEST_SYCK']
-
-    # Only Ruby 1.8 and 1.9 have syck
-    test_syck = false unless /^1\./ =~ RUBY_VERSION
 
-    unless test_syck
-      begin
-        gem 'psych', '>= 1.2.1'
-      rescue Gem::LoadError
-        # It's OK if the user does not have the psych gem installed.  We will
-        # attempt to require the stdlib version
-      end
+    require "psych"
+    require_relative "rubygems/psych_tree"
 
-      begin
-        # Try requiring the gem version *or* stdlib version of psych.
-        require 'psych'
-      rescue ::LoadError
-        # If we can't load psych, thats fine, go on.
-      else
-        # If 'yaml' has already been required, then we have to
-        # be sure to switch it over to the newly loaded psych.
-        if defined?(YAML::ENGINE) && YAML::ENGINE.yamler != "psych"
-          YAML::ENGINE.yamler = "psych"
-        end
+    require_relative "rubygems/safe_yaml"
 
-        require 'rubygems/psych_additions'
-        require 'rubygems/psych_tree'
-      end
-    end
+    @yaml_loaded = true
+  end
 
-    require 'yaml'
+  @safe_marshal_loaded = false
 
-    # If we're supposed to be using syck, then we may have to force
-    # activate it via the YAML::ENGINE API.
-    if test_syck and defined?(YAML::ENGINE)
-      YAML::ENGINE.yamler = "syck" unless YAML::ENGINE.syck?
-    end
+  def self.load_safe_marshal
+    return if @safe_marshal_loaded
 
-    # Now that we're sure some kind of yaml library is loaded, pull
-    # in our hack to deal with Syck's DefaultKey ugliness.
-    require 'rubygems/syck_hack'
+    require_relative "rubygems/safe_marshal"
 
-    @yaml_loaded = true
+    @safe_marshal_loaded = true
   end
 
   ##
   # The file name and line number of the caller of the caller of this method.
+  #
+  # +depth+ is how many layers up the call stack it should go.
+  #
+  # e.g.,
+  #
+  # def a; Gem.location_of_caller; end
+  # a #=> ["x.rb", 2]  # (it'll vary depending on file name and line number)
+  #
+  # def b; c; end
+  # def c; Gem.location_of_caller(2); end
+  # b #=> ["x.rb", 6]  # (it'll vary depending on file name and line number)
 
-  def self.location_of_caller
-    caller[1] =~ /(.*?):(\d+).*?$/i
+  def self.location_of_caller(depth = 1)
+    caller[depth] =~ /(.*?):(\d+).*?$/i
     file = $1
     lineno = $2.to_i
 
@@ -770,9 +735,9 @@ module Gem
   def self.prefix
     prefix = File.dirname RUBYGEMS_DIR
 
-    if prefix != File.expand_path(RbConfig::CONFIG['sitelibdir']) and
-       prefix != File.expand_path(RbConfig::CONFIG['libdir']) and
-       'lib' == File.basename(RUBYGEMS_DIR) then
+    if prefix != File.expand_path(RbConfig::CONFIG["sitelibdir"]) &&
+       prefix != File.expand_path(RbConfig::CONFIG["libdir"]) &&
+       File.basename(RUBYGEMS_DIR) == "lib"
       prefix
     end
   end
@@ -788,20 +753,42 @@ module Gem
   # Safely read a file in binary mode on all platforms.
 
   def self.read_binary(path)
-    open path, 'rb+' do |f|
-      f.flock(File::LOCK_EX)
-      f.read
+    open_file(path, "rb+", &:read)
+  rescue Errno::EACCES, Errno::EROFS
+    open_file(path, "rb", &:read)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Safely write a file in binary mode on all platforms.
+  def self.write_binary(path, data)
+    open_file(path, "wb") do |io|
+      io.write data
     end
-  rescue Errno::EACCES
-    open path, 'rb' do |f|
-      f.read
+  rescue Errno::ENOSPC
+    # If we ran out of space but the file exists, it's *guaranteed* to be corrupted.
+    File.delete(path) if File.exist?(path)
+    raise
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Open a file with given flags, and on Windows protect access with flock
+
+  def self.open_file(path, flags, &block)
+    File.open(path, flags) do |io|
+      if !java_platform? && win_platform?
+        begin
+          io.flock(File::LOCK_EX)
+        rescue Errno::ENOSYS, Errno::ENOTSUP
+        end
+      end
+      yield io
     end
   rescue Errno::ENOLCK # NFS
     if Thread.main != Thread.current
       raise
     else
-      open path, 'rb' do |f|
-        f.read
+      File.open(path, flags) do |io|
+        yield io
       end
     end
   end
@@ -810,11 +797,10 @@ module Gem
   # The path to the running Ruby interpreter.
 
   def self.ruby
-    if @ruby.nil? then
-      @ruby = File.join(RbConfig::CONFIG['bindir'],
-                        "#{RbConfig::CONFIG['ruby_install_name']}#{RbConfig::CONFIG['EXEEXT']}")
+    if @ruby.nil?
+      @ruby = RbConfig.ruby
 
-      @ruby = "\"#{@ruby}\"" if @ruby =~ /\s/
+      @ruby = "\"#{@ruby}\"" if /\s/.match?(@ruby)
     end
 
     @ruby
@@ -824,18 +810,27 @@ module Gem
   # Returns a String containing the API compatibility version of Ruby
 
   def self.ruby_api_version
-    @ruby_api_version ||= RbConfig::CONFIG['ruby_version'].dup
+    @ruby_api_version ||= RbConfig::CONFIG["ruby_version"].dup
+  end
+
+  def self.env_requirement(gem_name)
+    @env_requirements_by_name ||= {}
+    @env_requirements_by_name[gem_name] ||= begin
+      req = ENV["GEM_REQUIREMENT_#{gem_name.upcase}"] || ">= 0"
+      Gem::Requirement.create(req)
+    end
   end
+  post_reset { @env_requirements_by_name = {} }
 
   ##
   # Returns the latest release-version specification for the gem +name+.
 
-  def self.latest_spec_for name
+  def self.latest_spec_for(name)
     dependency   = Gem::Dependency.new name
     fetcher      = Gem::SpecFetcher.fetcher
     spec_tuples, = fetcher.spec_for_dependency dependency
 
-    spec, = spec_tuples.first
+    spec, = spec_tuples.last
 
     spec
   end
@@ -844,16 +839,15 @@ module Gem
   # Returns the latest release version of RubyGems.
 
   def self.latest_rubygems_version
-    latest_version_for('rubygems-update') or
-      raise "Can't find 'rubygems-update' in any repo. Check `gem source list`."
+    latest_version_for("rubygems-update") ||
+      raise("Can't find 'rubygems-update' in any repo. Check `gem source list`.")
   end
 
   ##
   # Returns the version of the latest release-version of gem +name+
 
-  def self.latest_version_for name
-    spec = latest_spec_for name
-    spec and spec.version
+  def self.latest_version_for(name)
+    latest_spec_for(name)&.version
   end
 
   ##
@@ -863,10 +857,13 @@ module Gem
     return @ruby_version if defined? @ruby_version
     version = RUBY_VERSION.dup
 
-    if defined?(RUBY_PATCHLEVEL) && RUBY_PATCHLEVEL != -1 then
-      version << ".#{RUBY_PATCHLEVEL}"
-    elsif defined?(RUBY_REVISION) then
-      version << ".dev.#{RUBY_REVISION}"
+    if RUBY_PATCHLEVEL == -1
+      if RUBY_ENGINE == "ruby"
+        desc = RUBY_DESCRIPTION[/\Aruby #{Regexp.quote(RUBY_VERSION)}([^ ]+) /, 1]
+      else
+        desc = RUBY_DESCRIPTION[/\A#{RUBY_ENGINE} #{Regexp.quote(RUBY_ENGINE_VERSION)} \(#{RUBY_VERSION}([^ ]+)\) /, 1]
+      end
+      version << ".#{desc}" if desc
     end
 
     @ruby_version = Gem::Version.new version
@@ -885,7 +882,8 @@ module Gem
   # default_sources if the sources list is empty.
 
   def self.sources
-    @sources ||= Gem::SourceList.from(default_sources)
+    source_list = configuration.sources || default_sources
+    @sources ||= Gem::SourceList.from(source_list)
   end
 
   ##
@@ -895,7 +893,7 @@ module Gem
   # DOC: This comment is not documentation about the method itself, it's
   # more of a code comment about the implementation.
 
-  def self.sources= new_sources
+  def self.sources=(new_sources)
     if !new_sources
       @sources = nil
     else
@@ -907,21 +905,48 @@ module Gem
   # Glob pattern for require-able path suffixes.
 
   def self.suffix_pattern
-    @suffix_pattern ||= "{#{suffixes.join(',')}}"
+    @suffix_pattern ||= "{#{suffixes.join(",")}}"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Regexp for require-able path suffixes.
+
+  def self.suffix_regexp
+    @suffix_regexp ||= /#{Regexp.union(suffixes)}\z/
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Glob pattern for require-able plugin suffixes.
+
+  def self.plugin_suffix_pattern
+    @plugin_suffix_pattern ||= "_plugin#{suffix_pattern}"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Regexp for require-able plugin suffixes.
+
+  def self.plugin_suffix_regexp
+    @plugin_suffix_regexp ||= /_plugin#{suffix_regexp}\z/
   end
 
   ##
   # Suffixes for require-able paths.
 
   def self.suffixes
-    @suffixes ||= ['',
-                   '.rb',
-                   *%w(DLEXT DLEXT2).map { |key|
+    @suffixes ||= ["",
+                   ".rb",
+                   *%w[DLEXT DLEXT2].map do |key|
                      val = RbConfig::CONFIG[key]
-                     next unless val and not val.empty?
+                     next unless val && !val.empty?
                      ".#{val}"
-                   }
-                  ].compact.uniq
+                   end].compact.uniq
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Suffixes for dynamic library require-able paths.
+
+  def self.dynamic_library_suffixes
+    @dynamic_library_suffixes ||= suffixes - [".rb"]
   end
 
   ##
@@ -935,7 +960,7 @@ module Gem
 
     elapsed = Time.now - now
 
-    ui.say "%2$*1$s: %3$3.3fs" % [-width, msg, elapsed] if display
+    ui.say format("%2$*1$s: %3$3.3fs", -width, msg, elapsed) if display
 
     value
   end
@@ -944,7 +969,7 @@ module Gem
   # Lazily loads DefaultUserInteraction and returns the default UI.
 
   def self.ui
-    require 'rubygems/user_interaction'
+    require_relative "rubygems/user_interaction"
 
     Gem::DefaultUserInteraction.ui
   end
@@ -956,44 +981,50 @@ module Gem
   def self.use_paths(home, *paths)
     paths.flatten!
     paths.compact!
-    hash = { "GEM_HOME" => home, "GEM_PATH" => paths.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) }
-    hash.delete_if { |_, v| v.nil? }
+    hash = { "GEM_HOME" => home, "GEM_PATH" => paths.empty? ? home : paths.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) }
+    hash.delete_if {|_, v| v.nil? }
     self.paths = hash
   end
 
-  ##
-  # The home directory for the user.
-
-  def self.user_home
-    @user_home ||= find_home.untaint
-  end
-
   ##
   # Is this a windows platform?
 
   def self.win_platform?
-    if @@win_platform.nil? then
-      ruby_platform = RbConfig::CONFIG['host_os']
-      @@win_platform = !!WIN_PATTERNS.find { |r| ruby_platform =~ r }
+    if @@win_platform.nil?
+      ruby_platform = RbConfig::CONFIG["host_os"]
+      @@win_platform = !WIN_PATTERNS.find {|r| ruby_platform =~ r }.nil?
     end
 
     @@win_platform
   end
 
+  ##
+  # Is this a java platform?
+
+  def self.java_platform?
+    RUBY_PLATFORM == "java"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Is this platform Solaris?
+
+  def self.solaris_platform?
+    RUBY_PLATFORM.include?("solaris")
+  end
+
   ##
   # Load +plugins+ as Ruby files
 
-  def self.load_plugin_files plugins # :nodoc:
+  def self.load_plugin_files(plugins) # :nodoc:
     plugins.each do |plugin|
-
       # Skip older versions of the GemCutter plugin: Its commands are in
       # RubyGems proper now.
 
-      next if plugin =~ /gemcutter-0\.[0-3]/
+      next if /gemcutter-0\.[0-3]/.match?(plugin)
 
       begin
         load plugin
-      rescue ::Exception => e
+      rescue ScriptError, StandardError => e
         details = "#{plugin.inspect}: #{e.message} (#{e.class})"
         warn "Error loading RubyGems plugin #{details}"
       end
@@ -1001,15 +1032,11 @@ module Gem
   end
 
   ##
-  # Find the 'rubygems_plugin' files in the latest installed gems and load
-  # them
+  # Find rubygems plugin files in the standard location and load them
 
   def self.load_plugins
-    # Remove this env var by at least 3.0
-    if ENV['RUBYGEMS_LOAD_ALL_PLUGINS']
-      load_plugin_files find_files('rubygems_plugin', false)
-    else
-      load_plugin_files find_latest_files('rubygems_plugin', false)
+    Gem.path.each do |gem_path|
+      load_plugin_files Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("*#{Gem.plugin_suffix_pattern}", plugindir(gem_path))
     end
   end
 
@@ -1017,18 +1044,7 @@ module Gem
   # Find all 'rubygems_plugin' files in $LOAD_PATH and load them
 
   def self.load_env_plugins
-    path = "rubygems_plugin"
-
-    files = []
-    $LOAD_PATH.each do |load_path|
-      globbed = Dir["#{File.expand_path path, load_path}#{Gem.suffix_pattern}"]
-
-      globbed.each do |load_path_file|
-        files << load_path_file if File.file?(load_path_file.untaint)
-      end
-    end
-
-    load_plugin_files files
+    load_plugin_files find_files_from_load_path("rubygems_plugin")
   end
 
   ##
@@ -1051,19 +1067,17 @@ module Gem
   # execution of arbitrary code when used from directories outside your
   # control.
 
-  def self.use_gemdeps path = nil
+  def self.use_gemdeps(path = nil)
     raise_exception = path
 
-    path ||= ENV['RUBYGEMS_GEMDEPS']
+    path ||= ENV["RUBYGEMS_GEMDEPS"]
     return unless path
 
     path = path.dup
 
-    if path == "-" then
-      require 'rubygems/util'
-
+    if path == "-"
       Gem::Util.traverse_parents Dir.pwd do |directory|
-        dep_file = GEM_DEP_FILES.find { |f| File.file?(f) }
+        dep_file = GEM_DEP_FILES.find {|f| File.file?(f) }
 
         next unless dep_file
 
@@ -1072,39 +1086,87 @@ module Gem
       end
     end
 
-    path.untaint
-
-    unless File.file? path then
+    unless File.file? path
       return unless raise_exception
 
       raise ArgumentError, "Unable to find gem dependencies file at #{path}"
     end
 
-    rs = Gem::RequestSet.new
-    @gemdeps = rs.load_gemdeps path
-
-    rs.resolve_current.map do |s|
-      sp = s.full_spec
-      sp.activate
-      sp
+    ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] ||= File.expand_path(path)
+    require_relative "rubygems/user_interaction"
+    require "bundler"
+    begin
+      Gem::DefaultUserInteraction.use_ui(ui) do
+        Bundler.ui.silence do
+          @gemdeps = Bundler.setup
+        end
+      ensure
+        Gem::DefaultUserInteraction.ui.close
+      end
+    rescue Bundler::BundlerError => e
+      warn e.message
+      warn "You may need to `bundle install` to install missing gems"
+      warn ""
     end
-  rescue Gem::LoadError, Gem::UnsatisfiableDependencyError => e
-    warn e.message
-    warn "You may need to `gem install -g` to install missing gems"
-    warn ""
   end
 
-  class << self
-    ##
-    # TODO remove with RubyGems 3.0
+  ##
+  # If the SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH environment variable is set, returns it's value.
+  # Otherwise, returns the time that +Gem.source_date_epoch_string+ was
+  # first called in the same format as SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH.
+  #
+  # NOTE(@duckinator): The implementation is a tad weird because we want to:
+  #   1. Make builds reproducible by default, by having this function always
+  #      return the same result during a given run.
+  #   2. Allow changing ENV['SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH'] at runtime, since multiple
+  #      tests that set this variable will be run in a single process.
+  #
+  # If you simplify this function and a lot of tests fail, that is likely
+  # due to #2 above.
+  #
+  # Details on SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH:
+  # https://reproducible-builds.org/specs/source-date-epoch/
+
+  def self.source_date_epoch_string
+    # The value used if $SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH is not set.
+    @default_source_date_epoch ||= Time.now.to_i.to_s
 
-    alias detect_gemdeps use_gemdeps # :nodoc:
+    specified_epoch = ENV["SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH"]
+
+    # If it's empty or just whitespace, treat it like it wasn't set at all.
+    specified_epoch = nil if !specified_epoch.nil? && specified_epoch.strip.empty?
+
+    epoch = specified_epoch || @default_source_date_epoch
+
+    epoch.strip
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns the value of Gem.source_date_epoch_string, as a Time object.
+  #
+  # This is used throughout RubyGems for enabling reproducible builds.
+
+  def self.source_date_epoch
+    Time.at(source_date_epoch_string.to_i).utc.freeze
   end
 
   # FIX: Almost everywhere else we use the `def self.` way of defining class
   # methods, and then we switch over to `class << self` here. Pick one or the
   # other.
   class << self
+    ##
+    # RubyGems distributors (like operating system package managers) can
+    # disable RubyGems update by setting this to error message printed to
+    # end-users on gem update --system instead of actual update.
+
+    attr_accessor :disable_system_update_message
+
+    ##
+    # Whether RubyGems should enhance builtin `require` to automatically
+    # check whether the path required is present in installed gems, and
+    # automatically activate them and add them to `$LOAD_PATH`.
+
+    attr_accessor :discover_gems_on_require
 
     ##
     # Hash of loaded Gem::Specification keyed by name
@@ -1130,10 +1192,11 @@ module Gem
     #
 
     def register_default_spec(spec)
-      new_format = Gem.default_gems_use_full_paths? || spec.require_paths.any? {|path| spec.files.any? {|f| f.start_with? path } }
+      extended_require_paths = spec.require_paths.map {|f| f + "/" }
+      new_format = extended_require_paths.any? {|path| spec.files.any? {|f| f.start_with? path } }
 
       if new_format
-        prefix_group = spec.require_paths.map {|f| f + "/"}.join("|")
+        prefix_group = extended_require_paths.join("|")
         prefix_pattern = /^(#{prefix_group})/
       end
 
@@ -1143,7 +1206,10 @@ module Gem
           next unless $~
         end
 
+        spec.activate if already_loaded?(file)
+
         @path_to_default_spec_map[file] = spec
+        @path_to_default_spec_map[file.sub(suffix_regexp, "")] = spec
       end
     end
 
@@ -1151,21 +1217,8 @@ module Gem
     # Find a Gem::Specification of default gem from +path+
 
     def find_unresolved_default_spec(path)
-      Gem.suffixes.each do |suffix|
-        spec = @path_to_default_spec_map["#{path}#{suffix}"]
-        return spec if spec
-      end
-      nil
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Remove needless Gem::Specification of default gem from
-    # unresolved default gem list
-
-    def remove_unresolved_default_spec(spec)
-      spec.files.each do |file|
-        @path_to_default_spec_map.delete(file)
-      end
+      default_spec = @path_to_default_spec_map[path]
+      return default_spec if default_spec && loaded_specs[default_spec.name] != default_spec
     end
 
     ##
@@ -1219,54 +1272,86 @@ module Gem
     # work
 
     attr_reader :pre_uninstall_hooks
+
+    private
+
+    def already_loaded?(file)
+      $LOADED_FEATURES.any? do |feature_path|
+        feature_path.end_with?(file) && default_gem_load_paths.any? {|load_path_entry| feature_path == "#{load_path_entry}/#{file}" }
+      end
+    end
+
+    def default_gem_load_paths
+      @default_gem_load_paths ||= $LOAD_PATH[load_path_insert_index..-1].map do |lp|
+        expanded = File.expand_path(lp)
+        next expanded unless File.exist?(expanded)
+
+        File.realpath(expanded)
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   ##
   # Location of Marshal quick gemspecs on remote repositories
 
-  MARSHAL_SPEC_DIR = "quick/Marshal.#{Gem.marshal_version}/"
-
-  autoload :ConfigFile,         'rubygems/config_file'
-  autoload :Dependency,         'rubygems/dependency'
-  autoload :DependencyList,     'rubygems/dependency_list'
-  autoload :DependencyResolver, 'rubygems/resolver'
-  autoload :Installer,          'rubygems/installer'
-  autoload :Licenses,           'rubygems/util/licenses'
-  autoload :PathSupport,        'rubygems/path_support'
-  autoload :Platform,           'rubygems/platform'
-  autoload :RequestSet,         'rubygems/request_set'
-  autoload :Requirement,        'rubygems/requirement'
-  autoload :Resolver,           'rubygems/resolver'
-  autoload :Source,             'rubygems/source'
-  autoload :SourceList,         'rubygems/source_list'
-  autoload :SpecFetcher,        'rubygems/spec_fetcher'
-  autoload :Specification,      'rubygems/specification'
-  autoload :Version,            'rubygems/version'
-
-  require "rubygems/specification"
+  MARSHAL_SPEC_DIR = "quick/Marshal.#{Gem.marshal_version}/".freeze
+
+  autoload :ConfigFile,         File.expand_path("rubygems/config_file", __dir__)
+  autoload :CIDetector,         File.expand_path("rubygems/ci_detector", __dir__)
+  autoload :Dependency,         File.expand_path("rubygems/dependency", __dir__)
+  autoload :DependencyList,     File.expand_path("rubygems/dependency_list", __dir__)
+  autoload :Installer,          File.expand_path("rubygems/installer", __dir__)
+  autoload :Licenses,           File.expand_path("rubygems/util/licenses", __dir__)
+  autoload :NameTuple,          File.expand_path("rubygems/name_tuple", __dir__)
+  autoload :PathSupport,        File.expand_path("rubygems/path_support", __dir__)
+  autoload :RequestSet,         File.expand_path("rubygems/request_set", __dir__)
+  autoload :Requirement,        File.expand_path("rubygems/requirement", __dir__)
+  autoload :Resolver,           File.expand_path("rubygems/resolver", __dir__)
+  autoload :Source,             File.expand_path("rubygems/source", __dir__)
+  autoload :SourceList,         File.expand_path("rubygems/source_list", __dir__)
+  autoload :SpecFetcher,        File.expand_path("rubygems/spec_fetcher", __dir__)
+  autoload :SpecificationPolicy, File.expand_path("rubygems/specification_policy", __dir__)
+  autoload :Util,               File.expand_path("rubygems/util", __dir__)
+  autoload :Version,            File.expand_path("rubygems/version", __dir__)
 end
 
-require 'rubygems/exceptions'
+require_relative "rubygems/exceptions"
+require_relative "rubygems/specification"
 
 # REFACTOR: This should be pulled out into some kind of hacks file.
-gem_preluded = Gem::GEM_PRELUDE_SUCKAGE and defined? Gem
-unless gem_preluded then # TODO: remove guard after 1.9.2 dropped
-  begin
-    ##
-    # Defaults the operating system (or packager) wants to provide for RubyGems.
+begin
+  ##
+  # Defaults the operating system (or packager) wants to provide for RubyGems.
+
+  require "rubygems/defaults/operating_system"
+rescue LoadError
+  # Ignored
+rescue StandardError => e
+  path = e.backtrace_locations.reverse.find {|l| l.path.end_with?("rubygems/defaults/operating_system.rb") }.path
+  msg = "#{e.message}\n" \
+    "Loading the #{path} file caused an error. " \
+    "This file is owned by your OS, not by rubygems upstream. " \
+    "Please find out which OS package this file belongs to and follow the guidelines from your OS to report " \
+    "the problem and ask for help."
+  raise e.class, msg
+end
 
-    require 'rubygems/defaults/operating_system'
-  rescue LoadError
-  end
+begin
+  ##
+  # Defaults the Ruby implementation wants to provide for RubyGems
 
-  if defined?(RUBY_ENGINE) then
-    begin
-      ##
-      # Defaults the Ruby implementation wants to provide for RubyGems
+  require "rubygems/defaults/#{RUBY_ENGINE}"
+rescue LoadError
+end
 
-      require "rubygems/defaults/#{RUBY_ENGINE}"
-    rescue LoadError
-    end
+# TruffleRuby >= 24 defines REUSE_AS_BINARY_ON_TRUFFLERUBY in defaults/truffleruby.
+# However, TruffleRuby < 24 defines REUSE_AS_BINARY_ON_TRUFFLERUBY directly in its copy
+# of lib/rubygems/platform.rb, so it is not defined if RubyGems is updated (gem update --system).
+# Instead, we define it here in that case, similar to bundler/lib/bundler/rubygems_ext.rb.
+# We must define it here and not in platform.rb because platform.rb is loaded before defaults/truffleruby.
+class Gem::Platform
+  if RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby" && !defined?(REUSE_AS_BINARY_ON_TRUFFLERUBY)
+    REUSE_AS_BINARY_ON_TRUFFLERUBY = %w[libv8 libv8-node sorbet-static].freeze
   end
 end
 
@@ -1274,7 +1359,17 @@ end
 # Loads the default specs.
 Gem::Specification.load_defaults
 
-require 'rubygems/core_ext/kernel_gem'
-require 'rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require'
+require_relative "rubygems/core_ext/kernel_gem"
+
+path = File.join(__dir__, "rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb")
+# When https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17259 is available, there is no need to override Kernel#warn
+if RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby" ||
+   RUBY_ENGINE == "ruby"
+  file = "<internal:#{path}>"
+else
+  require_relative "rubygems/core_ext/kernel_warn"
+  file = path
+end
+eval File.read(path), nil, file
 
-Gem.use_gemdeps
+require ENV["BUNDLER_SETUP"] if ENV["BUNDLER_SETUP"] && !defined?(Bundler)