remogatto-ffi 0.5.0

data/ext/ffi_c/MethodHandle.h

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, Wayne Meissner
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+ *   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice
+ *   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+ *   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * * The name of the author or authors may not be used to endorse or promote
+ *   products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+ * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+ * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+ * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+ * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _METHODHANDLE_H
+#define	_METHODHANDLE_H
+
+#ifdef	__cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#include <ruby.h>
+#include "Function.h"
+
+    
+typedef struct MethodHandlePool MethodHandlePool;
+typedef struct MethodHandle MethodHandle;
+
+
+MethodHandle* rbffi_MethodHandle_Alloc(FunctionType* fnInfo, void* function);
+void rbffi_MethodHandle_Free(MethodHandle* handle);
+void* rbffi_MethodHandle_CodeAddress(MethodHandle* handle);
+void rbffi_MethodHandle_Init(VALUE module);
+
+#ifdef	__cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _METHODHANDLE_H */
+

data/ext/ffi_c/Platform.c

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <ruby.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include "endian.h"
+#include "Platform.h"
+
+static VALUE PlatformModule = Qnil;
+
+/*
+ * Determine the cpu type at compile time - useful for MacOSX where the the
+ * system installed ruby incorrectly reports 'host_cpu' as 'powerpc' when running
+ * on intel.
+ */
+#ifdef __i386__
+#define CPU "i386"
+#elif defined(__ppc__) || defined(__powerpc__)
+#define CPU "powerpc"
+#elif defined(__x86_64__)
+#define CPU "x86_64"
+#elif defined(__sparc__)
+#define CPU "sparc"
+#elif defined(__sparcv9__)
+#define CPU "sparcv9"
+#else
+#error "Unknown cpu type"
+#endif
+
+static void
+export_primitive_types(VALUE module)
+{
+#define S(name, T) do { \
+    typedef struct { char c; T v; } s; \
+    rb_define_const(module, #name "_ALIGN", INT2NUM((sizeof(s) - sizeof(T)) * 8)); \
+    rb_define_const(module, #name "_SIZE", INT2NUM(sizeof(T)* 8)); \
+} while(0)
+    S(INT8, char);
+    S(INT16, short);
+    S(INT32, int);
+    S(INT64, long long);
+    S(LONG, long);
+    S(FLOAT, float);
+    S(DOUBLE, double);
+    S(ADDRESS, void*);
+#undef S
+}
+
+void
+rbffi_Platform_Init(VALUE moduleFFI)
+{
+    PlatformModule = rb_define_module_under(moduleFFI, "Platform");
+    rb_define_const(PlatformModule, "BYTE_ORDER", INT2FIX(BYTE_ORDER));
+    rb_define_const(PlatformModule, "LITTLE_ENDIAN", INT2FIX(LITTLE_ENDIAN));
+    rb_define_const(PlatformModule, "BIG_ENDIAN", INT2FIX(BIG_ENDIAN));
+    rb_define_const(PlatformModule, "CPU", rb_str_new2(CPU));
+    export_primitive_types(PlatformModule);
+}

data/ext/ffi_c/Platform.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef _PLATFORM_H
+#define	_PLATFORM_H
+
+#ifdef	__cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+    extern void rbffi_Platform_Init(VALUE moduleFFI);
+
+
+#ifdef	__cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _PLATFORM_H */
+

data/ext/ffi_c/Pointer.c

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009, Wayne Meissner
+ *
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+ *   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice
+ *   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+ *   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * * The name of the author or authors may not be used to endorse or promote
+ *   products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+ * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+ * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+ * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+ * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <ruby.h>
+#include "rbffi.h"
+#include "AbstractMemory.h"
+#include "Pointer.h"
+
+typedef struct Pointer {
+    AbstractMemory memory;
+    VALUE parent;
+} Pointer;
+
+#define POINTER(obj) rbffi_AbstractMemory_Cast((obj), rbffi_PointerClass)
+
+VALUE rbffi_PointerClass = Qnil;
+VALUE rbffi_NullPointerSingleton = Qnil;
+
+static void ptr_mark(Pointer* ptr);
+
+VALUE
+rbffi_Pointer_NewInstance(void* addr)
+{
+    Pointer* p;
+    VALUE obj;
+
+    if (addr == NULL) {
+        return rbffi_NullPointerSingleton;
+    }
+
+    obj = Data_Make_Struct(rbffi_PointerClass, Pointer, NULL, -1, p);
+    p->memory.address = addr;
+    p->memory.size = LONG_MAX;
+    p->memory.ops = &rbffi_AbstractMemoryOps;
+    p->memory.access = (addr == NULL) ? 0 : (MEM_RD | MEM_WR);
+    p->memory.typeSize = 1;
+    p->parent = Qnil;
+
+    return obj;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ptr_allocate(VALUE klass)
+{
+    Pointer* p;
+    VALUE obj;
+
+    obj = Data_Make_Struct(klass, Pointer, NULL, -1, p);
+    p->parent = Qnil;
+    p->memory.ops = &rbffi_AbstractMemoryOps;
+    p->memory.access = MEM_RD | MEM_WR;
+
+    return obj;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ptr_initialize(int argc, VALUE* argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    Pointer* p;
+    VALUE rbType = Qnil, rbAddress = Qnil;
+    int typeSize = 1;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, Pointer, p);
+
+    switch (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &rbType, &rbAddress)) {
+        case 1:
+            rbAddress = rbType;
+            typeSize = 1;
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            typeSize = rbffi_type_size(rbType);
+            break;
+        default:
+            rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Invalid arguments");
+    }
+
+    if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(rbAddress, rbffi_PointerClass)) {
+        Pointer* orig;
+
+        p->parent = rbAddress;
+        Data_Get_Struct(rbAddress, Pointer, orig);
+        p->memory = orig->memory;
+
+    } else {
+
+        p->memory.address = (void*)(uintptr_t) NUM2LL(rbAddress);
+        p->memory.size = LONG_MAX;
+        if (p->memory.address == NULL) {
+            p->memory.access = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    p->memory.typeSize = typeSize;
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+
+static VALUE
+ptr_plus(VALUE self, VALUE offset)
+{
+    AbstractMemory* ptr;
+    Pointer* p;
+    VALUE retval;
+    long off = NUM2LONG(offset);
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, AbstractMemory, ptr);
+    checkBounds(ptr, off, 1);
+
+    retval = Data_Make_Struct(rbffi_PointerClass, Pointer, ptr_mark, -1, p);
+
+    p->memory.address = ptr->address + off;
+    p->memory.size = ptr->size == LONG_MAX ? LONG_MAX : ptr->size - off;
+    p->memory.ops = &rbffi_AbstractMemoryOps;
+    p->memory.access = ptr->access;
+    p->memory.typeSize = ptr->typeSize;
+    p->parent = self;
+
+    return retval;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ptr_inspect(VALUE self)
+{
+    Pointer* ptr;
+    char tmp[100];
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, Pointer, ptr);
+    snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "#<FFI::Pointer address=%p>", ptr->memory.address);
+
+    return rb_str_new2(tmp);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ptr_null_p(VALUE self)
+{
+    Pointer* ptr;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, Pointer, ptr);
+
+    return ptr->memory.address == NULL ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ptr_equals(VALUE self, VALUE other)
+{
+    Pointer* ptr;
+    
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, Pointer, ptr);
+
+    return ptr->memory.address == POINTER(other)->address ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ptr_address(VALUE self)
+{
+    Pointer* ptr;
+    
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, Pointer, ptr);
+
+    return ULL2NUM((uintptr_t) ptr->memory.address);
+}
+
+static void
+ptr_mark(Pointer* ptr)
+{
+    rb_gc_mark(ptr->parent);
+}
+
+void
+rbffi_Pointer_Init(VALUE moduleFFI)
+{
+    VALUE rbNullAddress = ULL2NUM(0);
+
+    rbffi_PointerClass = rb_define_class_under(moduleFFI, "Pointer", rbffi_AbstractMemoryClass);
+    rb_global_variable(&rbffi_PointerClass);
+
+    rb_define_alloc_func(rbffi_PointerClass, ptr_allocate);
+    rb_define_method(rbffi_PointerClass, "initialize", ptr_initialize, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rbffi_PointerClass, "inspect", ptr_inspect, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rbffi_PointerClass, "+", ptr_plus, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rbffi_PointerClass, "null?", ptr_null_p, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rbffi_PointerClass, "address", ptr_address, 0);
+    rb_define_alias(rbffi_PointerClass, "to_i", "address");
+    rb_define_method(rbffi_PointerClass, "==", ptr_equals, 1);
+
+    rbffi_NullPointerSingleton = rb_class_new_instance(1, &rbNullAddress, rbffi_PointerClass);
+    rb_define_const(rbffi_PointerClass, "NULL", rbffi_NullPointerSingleton);
+}

data/ext/ffi_c/Pointer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009, Wayne Meissner
+ *
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+ *   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice
+ *   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+ *   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * * The name of the author or authors may not be used to endorse or promote
+ *   products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+ * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+ * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+ * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+ * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef RBFFI_POINTER_H
+#define	RBFFI_POINTER_H
+
+#ifdef	__cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#include "AbstractMemory.h"
+
+extern void rbffi_Pointer_Init(VALUE moduleFFI);
+extern VALUE rbffi_Pointer_NewInstance(void* addr);
+extern VALUE rbffi_PointerClass;
+extern VALUE rbffi_NullPointerSingleton;
+
+
+#ifdef	__cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* RBFFI_POINTER_H */
+

data/ext/ffi_c/Struct.c

@@ -0,0 +1,770 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009, Wayne Meissner
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, Luc Heinrich <luc@honk-honk.com>
+ *
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+ *   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice
+ *   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+ *   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * * The name of the author or authors may not be used to endorse or promote
+ *   products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+ * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+ * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+ * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+ * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include "Function.h"
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <ruby.h>
+#include "rbffi.h"
+#include "compat.h"
+#include "AbstractMemory.h"
+#include "Pointer.h"
+#include "MemoryPointer.h"
+#include "Function.h"
+#include "Types.h"
+#include "Struct.h"
+#include "StructByValue.h"
+#include "ArrayType.h"
+
+#define FFI_ALIGN(v, a)  (((((size_t) (v))-1) | ((a)-1))+1)
+
+typedef struct StructLayoutBuilder {
+    VALUE rbFieldNames;
+    VALUE rbFieldMap;
+    unsigned int size;
+    unsigned int alignment;
+    bool isUnion;
+} StructLayoutBuilder;
+
+typedef struct InlineArray_ {
+    VALUE rbMemory;
+    VALUE rbField;
+
+    AbstractMemory* memory;
+    StructField* field;
+    MemoryOp *op;
+    Type* componentType;
+} InlineArray;
+
+
+static void struct_mark(Struct *);
+static void struct_layout_builder_mark(StructLayoutBuilder *);
+static void struct_layout_builder_free(StructLayoutBuilder *);
+static void inline_array_mark(InlineArray *);
+
+static inline int align(int offset, int align);
+
+VALUE rbffi_StructClass = Qnil;
+static VALUE StructLayoutBuilderClass = Qnil;
+
+VALUE rbffi_StructInlineArrayClass = Qnil;
+static ID id_pointer_ivar = 0, id_layout_ivar = 0;
+static ID id_get = 0, id_put = 0, id_to_ptr = 0, id_to_s = 0, id_layout = 0;
+
+static inline char*
+memory_address(VALUE self)
+{
+    return ((AbstractMemory *)DATA_PTR((self)))->address;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_allocate(VALUE klass)
+{
+    Struct* s;
+    VALUE obj = Data_Make_Struct(klass, Struct, struct_mark, -1, s);
+    
+    s->rbPointer = Qnil;
+    s->rbLayout = Qnil;
+
+    return obj;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_initialize(int argc, VALUE* argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    Struct* s;
+    VALUE rbPointer = Qnil, rest = Qnil, klass = CLASS_OF(self);
+    int nargs;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, Struct, s);
+    
+    nargs = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01*", &rbPointer, &rest);
+
+    /* Call up into ruby code to adjust the layout */
+    if (nargs > 1) {
+        s->rbLayout = rb_funcall2(CLASS_OF(self), id_layout, RARRAY_LEN(rest), RARRAY_PTR(rest));
+    } else if (rb_cvar_defined(klass, id_layout_ivar)) {
+        s->rbLayout = rb_cvar_get(klass, id_layout_ivar);
+    } else {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "No Struct layout configured");
+    }
+
+    if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(s->rbLayout, rbffi_StructLayoutClass)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Invalid Struct layout");
+    }
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(s->rbLayout, StructLayout, s->layout);
+    
+    if (rbPointer != Qnil) {
+        s->pointer = MEMORY(rbPointer);
+        s->rbPointer = rbPointer;
+    } else {
+        s->rbPointer = rbffi_MemoryPointer_NewInstance(s->layout->size, 1, true);
+        s->pointer = (AbstractMemory *) DATA_PTR(s->rbPointer);
+    }
+
+    if (s->pointer->ops == NULL) {
+        VALUE name = rb_class_name(CLASS_OF(s->rbPointer));
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "No memory ops set for %s", StringValueCStr(name));
+    }
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+static void
+struct_mark(Struct *s)
+{
+    rb_gc_mark(s->rbPointer);
+    rb_gc_mark(s->rbLayout);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_field(Struct* s, VALUE fieldName)
+{
+    StructLayout* layout = s->layout;
+    VALUE rbField;
+    if (layout == NULL) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "layout not set for Struct");
+    }
+
+    rbField = rb_hash_aref(layout->rbFieldMap, fieldName);
+    if (rbField == Qnil) {
+        VALUE str = rb_funcall2(fieldName, id_to_s, 0, NULL);
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "No such field '%s'", StringValuePtr(str));
+    }
+
+    return rbField;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_aref(VALUE self, VALUE fieldName)
+{
+    Struct* s;
+    VALUE rbField;
+    StructField* f;
+    MemoryOp* op;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, Struct, s);
+    rbField = struct_field(s, fieldName);
+    f = (StructField *) DATA_PTR(rbField);
+
+    op = memory_get_op(s->pointer, f->type);
+    if (op != NULL) {
+        return (*op->get)(s->pointer, f->offset);
+    }
+    
+    /* call up to the ruby code to fetch the value */
+    return rb_funcall2(rbField, id_get, 1, &s->rbPointer);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_aset(VALUE self, VALUE fieldName, VALUE value)
+{
+    Struct* s;
+    VALUE rbField;
+    StructField* f;
+    MemoryOp* op;
+    VALUE argv[2];
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, Struct, s);
+    rbField = struct_field(s, fieldName);
+    f = (StructField *) DATA_PTR(rbField);
+
+    op = memory_get_op(s->pointer, f->type);
+    if (op != NULL) {
+        (*op->put)(s->pointer, f->offset, value);
+        return self;
+    }
+    
+    /* call up to the ruby code to set the value */
+    argv[0] = s->rbPointer;
+    argv[1] = value;
+    rb_funcall2(rbField, id_put, 2, argv);
+    
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_set_pointer(VALUE self, VALUE pointer)
+{
+    Struct* s;
+
+    if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(pointer, rbffi_AbstractMemoryClass)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Invalid pointer");
+    }
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, Struct, s);
+    s->pointer = MEMORY(pointer);
+    s->rbPointer = pointer;
+    rb_ivar_set(self, id_pointer_ivar, pointer);
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_get_pointer(VALUE self)
+{
+    Struct* s;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, Struct, s);
+
+    return s->rbPointer;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_set_layout(VALUE self, VALUE layout)
+{
+    Struct* s;
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, Struct, s);
+
+    if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(layout, rbffi_StructLayoutClass)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Invalid Struct layout");
+    }
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(layout, StructLayout, s->layout);
+    rb_ivar_set(self, id_layout_ivar, layout);
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_get_layout(VALUE self)
+{
+    Struct* s;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, Struct, s);
+
+    return s->rbLayout;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_layout_builder_allocate(VALUE klass)
+{
+    StructLayoutBuilder* builder;
+    VALUE obj;
+
+    obj = Data_Make_Struct(klass, StructLayoutBuilder, struct_layout_builder_mark, struct_layout_builder_free, builder);
+
+    builder->size = 0;
+    builder->alignment = 1;
+    builder->isUnion = false;
+    builder->rbFieldNames = rb_ary_new();
+    builder->rbFieldMap = rb_hash_new();
+
+    return obj;
+}
+
+static void
+struct_layout_builder_mark(StructLayoutBuilder* builder)
+{
+    rb_gc_mark(builder->rbFieldNames);
+    rb_gc_mark(builder->rbFieldMap);
+}
+
+static void
+struct_layout_builder_free(StructLayoutBuilder* builder)
+{
+    xfree(builder);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_layout_builder_initialize(VALUE self)
+{
+    StructLayoutBuilder* builder;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, StructLayoutBuilder, builder);
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_layout_builder_get_size(VALUE self)
+{
+    StructLayoutBuilder* builder;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, StructLayoutBuilder, builder);
+
+    return UINT2NUM(builder->size);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_layout_builder_set_size(VALUE self, VALUE rbSize)
+{
+    StructLayoutBuilder* builder;
+    unsigned int size = NUM2UINT(rbSize);
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, StructLayoutBuilder, builder);
+    builder->size = MAX(size, builder->size);
+
+    return UINT2NUM(builder->size);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_layout_builder_get_alignment(VALUE self)
+{
+    StructLayoutBuilder* builder;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, StructLayoutBuilder, builder);
+
+    return UINT2NUM(builder->alignment);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_layout_builder_set_alignment(VALUE self, VALUE rbAlign)
+{
+    StructLayoutBuilder* builder;
+    unsigned int align = NUM2UINT(rbAlign);
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, StructLayoutBuilder, builder);
+    builder->size = MAX(align, builder->alignment);
+
+    return UINT2NUM(builder->alignment);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_layout_builder_set_union(VALUE self, VALUE rbUnion)
+{
+    StructLayoutBuilder* builder;
+
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, StructLayoutBuilder, builder);
+    builder->isUnion = RTEST(rbUnion);
+
+    return rbUnion;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_layout_builder_union_p(VALUE self)
+{
+    StructLayoutBuilder* builder;
+
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, StructLayoutBuilder, builder);
+
+
+    return builder->isUnion ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+}
+
+static void
+store_field(StructLayoutBuilder* builder, VALUE rbName, VALUE rbField, 
+    unsigned int offset, unsigned int size, unsigned int alignment)
+{
+    rb_ary_push(builder->rbFieldNames, rbName);
+    rb_hash_aset(builder->rbFieldMap, rbName, rbField);
+
+    builder->alignment = MAX(builder->alignment, alignment);
+
+    if (builder->isUnion) {
+        builder->size = MAX(builder->size, size);
+    } else {
+        builder->size = MAX(builder->size, offset + size);
+    }
+}
+
+static int
+calculate_offset(StructLayoutBuilder* builder, int alignment, VALUE rbOffset)
+{
+    if (rbOffset != Qnil) {
+        return NUM2UINT(rbOffset);
+    } else {
+        return builder->isUnion ? 0 : align(builder->size, alignment);
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_layout_builder_add_field(int argc, VALUE* argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    StructLayoutBuilder* builder;
+    VALUE rbName = Qnil, rbType = Qnil, rbOffset = Qnil, rbField = Qnil;
+    unsigned int size, alignment, offset;
+    int nargs;
+
+    nargs = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "21", &rbName, &rbType, &rbOffset);
+    
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, StructLayoutBuilder, builder);
+
+    alignment = NUM2UINT(rb_funcall2(rbType, rb_intern("alignment"), 0, NULL));
+    size = NUM2UINT(rb_funcall2(rbType, rb_intern("size"), 0, NULL));
+
+    offset = calculate_offset(builder, alignment, rbOffset);
+
+    //
+    // If a primitive type was passed in as the type arg, try and convert
+    //
+    if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(rbType, rbffi_StructLayoutFieldClass)) {
+        VALUE fargv[3], rbFieldClass;
+        fargv[0] = rbName;
+        fargv[1] = UINT2NUM(offset);
+        fargv[2] = rbType;
+        if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(rbType, rbffi_FunctionTypeClass)) {
+            rbFieldClass = rbffi_StructLayoutFunctionFieldClass;
+        } else if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(rbType, rbffi_StructByValueClass)) {
+            rbFieldClass = rbffi_StructLayoutStructFieldClass;
+        } else if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(rbType, rbffi_ArrayTypeClass)) {
+            rbFieldClass = rbffi_StructLayoutArrayFieldClass;
+        } else {
+            rbFieldClass = rbffi_StructLayoutFieldClass;
+        }
+
+        rbField = rb_class_new_instance(3, fargv, rbFieldClass);
+    } else {
+        rbField = rbType;
+    }
+
+    store_field(builder, rbName, rbField, offset, size, alignment);
+    
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_layout_builder_add_struct(int argc, VALUE* argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    StructLayoutBuilder* builder;
+    VALUE rbName = Qnil, rbType = Qnil, rbOffset = Qnil, rbField = Qnil, rbStructClass = Qnil;
+    VALUE fargv[3];
+    unsigned int size, alignment, offset;
+    int nargs;
+
+    nargs = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "21", &rbName, &rbStructClass, &rbOffset);
+
+    if (!rb_obj_is_instance_of(rbStructClass, rb_cClass) || !rb_class_inherited(rbStructClass, rbffi_StructClass)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "wrong argument type.  Expected subclass of FFI::Struct");
+    }
+
+    rbType = rb_class_new_instance(1, &rbStructClass, rbffi_StructByValueClass);
+
+    alignment = NUM2UINT(rb_funcall2(rbType, rb_intern("alignment"), 0, NULL));
+    size = NUM2UINT(rb_funcall2(rbType, rb_intern("size"), 0, NULL));
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, StructLayoutBuilder, builder);
+
+    offset = calculate_offset(builder, alignment, rbOffset);
+
+    fargv[0] = rbName;
+    fargv[1] = UINT2NUM(offset);
+    fargv[2] = rbType;
+    rbField = rb_class_new_instance(3, fargv, rbffi_StructLayoutStructFieldClass);
+    store_field(builder, rbName, rbField, offset, size, alignment);
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_layout_builder_add_array(int argc, VALUE* argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    StructLayoutBuilder* builder;
+    VALUE rbName = Qnil, rbType = Qnil, rbLength = Qnil, rbOffset = Qnil, rbField;
+    VALUE fargv[3], aargv[2];
+    unsigned int size, alignment, offset;
+    int nargs;
+
+    nargs = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "31", &rbName, &rbType, &rbLength, &rbOffset);
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, StructLayoutBuilder, builder);
+
+    alignment = NUM2UINT(rb_funcall2(rbType, rb_intern("alignment"), 0, NULL));
+    size = NUM2UINT(rb_funcall2(rbType, rb_intern("size"), 0, NULL)) * NUM2UINT(rbLength);
+
+    offset = calculate_offset(builder, alignment, rbOffset);
+
+    aargv[0] = rbType;
+    aargv[1] = rbLength;
+    fargv[0] = rbName;
+    fargv[1] = UINT2NUM(offset);
+    fargv[2] = rb_class_new_instance(2, aargv, rbffi_ArrayTypeClass);
+    rbField = rb_class_new_instance(3, fargv, rbffi_StructLayoutArrayFieldClass);
+
+    store_field(builder, rbName, rbField, offset, size, alignment);
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+static inline int
+align(int offset, int align)
+{
+    return align + ((offset - 1) & ~(align - 1));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+struct_layout_builder_build(VALUE self)
+{
+    StructLayoutBuilder* builder;
+    VALUE argv[4];
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, StructLayoutBuilder, builder);
+
+    argv[0] = builder->rbFieldNames;
+    argv[1] = builder->rbFieldMap;
+    argv[2] = UINT2NUM(align(builder->size, builder->alignment)); // tail padding
+    argv[3] = UINT2NUM(builder->alignment);
+
+    return rb_class_new_instance(4, argv, rbffi_StructLayoutClass);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+inline_array_allocate(VALUE klass)
+{
+    InlineArray* array;
+    VALUE obj;
+
+    obj = Data_Make_Struct(klass, InlineArray, inline_array_mark, -1, array);
+    array->rbField = Qnil;
+    array->rbMemory = Qnil;
+
+    return obj;
+}
+
+static void
+inline_array_mark(InlineArray* array)
+{
+    rb_gc_mark(array->rbField);
+    rb_gc_mark(array->rbMemory);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+inline_array_initialize(VALUE self, VALUE rbMemory, VALUE rbField)
+{
+    InlineArray* array;
+    ArrayType* arrayType;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, InlineArray, array);
+    array->rbMemory = rbMemory;
+    array->rbField = rbField;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(rbMemory, AbstractMemory, array->memory);
+    Data_Get_Struct(rbField, StructField, array->field);
+    Data_Get_Struct(array->field->rbType, ArrayType, arrayType);
+    Data_Get_Struct(arrayType->rbComponentType, Type, array->componentType);
+    
+    array->op = memory_get_op(array->memory, array->componentType);
+    if (array->op == NULL) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "invalid memory ops");
+    }
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+inline_array_size(VALUE self)
+{
+    InlineArray* array;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, InlineArray, array);
+
+    return UINT2NUM(array->field->type->ffiType->size);
+}
+
+static int
+inline_array_offset(InlineArray* array, unsigned int index)
+{
+    return array->field->offset + (index * array->componentType->ffiType->size);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+inline_array_aref(VALUE self, VALUE rbIndex)
+{
+    InlineArray* array;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, InlineArray, array);
+
+    return array->op->get(array->memory, inline_array_offset(array, NUM2UINT(rbIndex)));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+inline_array_aset(VALUE self, VALUE rbIndex, VALUE rbValue)
+{
+    InlineArray* array;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, InlineArray, array);
+
+    array->op->put(array->memory, inline_array_offset(array, NUM2UINT(rbIndex)),
+        rbValue);
+
+    return rbValue;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+inline_array_each(VALUE self)
+{
+    InlineArray* array;
+    ArrayType* arrayType;
+    
+    int i;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, InlineArray, array);
+    Data_Get_Struct(array->field->rbType, ArrayType, arrayType);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < arrayType->length; ++i) {
+    int offset = inline_array_offset(array, i);
+        rb_yield(array->op->get(array->memory, offset));
+    }
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+inline_array_to_a(VALUE self)
+{
+    InlineArray* array;
+    ArrayType* arrayType;
+    VALUE obj;
+    int i;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, InlineArray, array);
+    Data_Get_Struct(array->field->rbType, ArrayType, arrayType);
+    obj = rb_ary_new2(arrayType->length);
+
+    
+    for (i = 0; i < arrayType->length; ++i) {
+        int offset = inline_array_offset(array, i);
+        rb_ary_push(obj, array->op->get(array->memory, offset));
+    }
+
+    return obj;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+inline_array_to_s(VALUE self)
+{
+    InlineArray* array;
+    ArrayType* arrayType;
+    VALUE argv[2];
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, InlineArray, array);
+    Data_Get_Struct(array->field->rbType, ArrayType, arrayType);
+
+    if (arrayType->componentType->nativeType != NATIVE_INT8 && arrayType->componentType->nativeType != NATIVE_UINT8) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eNoMethodError, "to_s not defined for this array type");
+        return Qnil;
+    }
+
+    argv[0] = UINT2NUM(array->field->offset);
+    argv[1] = UINT2NUM(arrayType->length);
+
+    return rb_funcall2(array->rbMemory, rb_intern("get_string"), 2, argv);
+}
+
+
+static VALUE
+inline_array_to_ptr(VALUE self)
+{
+    InlineArray* array;
+    AbstractMemory* ptr;
+    VALUE rbOffset, rbPointer;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, InlineArray, array);
+
+    rbOffset = UINT2NUM(array->field->offset);
+    rbPointer = rb_funcall2(array->rbMemory, rb_intern("+"), 1, &rbOffset);
+    Data_Get_Struct(rbPointer, AbstractMemory, ptr);
+    
+    // Restrict the size of the pointer so ops like ptr.get_string(0) are bounds checked
+    ptr->size = MIN(ptr->size, array->field->type->ffiType->size);
+
+    return rbPointer;
+}
+
+
+void
+rbffi_Struct_Init(VALUE moduleFFI)
+{
+    VALUE StructClass;
+
+    rbffi_StructLayout_Init(moduleFFI);
+
+    rbffi_StructClass = StructClass = rb_define_class_under(moduleFFI, "Struct", rb_cObject);
+    rb_global_variable(&rbffi_StructClass);
+
+
+    StructLayoutBuilderClass = rb_define_class_under(moduleFFI, "StructLayoutBuilder", rb_cObject);
+    rb_global_variable(&StructLayoutBuilderClass);
+
+    rbffi_StructInlineArrayClass = rb_define_class_under(rbffi_StructClass, "InlineArray", rb_cObject);
+    rb_global_variable(&rbffi_StructInlineArrayClass);
+
+
+
+    rb_define_alloc_func(StructClass, struct_allocate);
+    rb_define_method(StructClass, "initialize", struct_initialize, -1);
+    
+    rb_define_alias(rb_singleton_class(StructClass), "alloc_in", "new");
+    rb_define_alias(rb_singleton_class(StructClass), "alloc_out", "new");
+    rb_define_alias(rb_singleton_class(StructClass), "alloc_inout", "new");
+    rb_define_alias(rb_singleton_class(StructClass), "new_in", "new");
+    rb_define_alias(rb_singleton_class(StructClass), "new_out", "new");
+    rb_define_alias(rb_singleton_class(StructClass), "new_inout", "new");
+
+    rb_define_method(StructClass, "pointer", struct_get_pointer, 0);
+    rb_define_private_method(StructClass, "pointer=", struct_set_pointer, 1);
+
+    rb_define_method(StructClass, "layout", struct_get_layout, 0);
+    rb_define_private_method(StructClass, "layout=", struct_set_layout, 1);
+
+    rb_define_method(StructClass, "[]", struct_aref, 1);
+    rb_define_method(StructClass, "[]=", struct_aset, 2);
+    
+    
+
+    rb_define_alloc_func(StructLayoutBuilderClass, struct_layout_builder_allocate);
+    rb_define_method(StructLayoutBuilderClass, "initialize", struct_layout_builder_initialize, 0);
+    rb_define_method(StructLayoutBuilderClass, "build", struct_layout_builder_build, 0);
+
+    rb_define_method(StructLayoutBuilderClass, "alignment", struct_layout_builder_get_alignment, 0);
+    rb_define_method(StructLayoutBuilderClass, "alignment=", struct_layout_builder_set_alignment, 1);
+    rb_define_method(StructLayoutBuilderClass, "size", struct_layout_builder_get_size, 0);
+    rb_define_method(StructLayoutBuilderClass, "size=", struct_layout_builder_set_size, 1);
+    rb_define_method(StructLayoutBuilderClass, "union=", struct_layout_builder_set_union, 1);
+    rb_define_method(StructLayoutBuilderClass, "union?", struct_layout_builder_union_p, 0);
+    rb_define_method(StructLayoutBuilderClass, "add_field", struct_layout_builder_add_field, -1);
+    rb_define_method(StructLayoutBuilderClass, "add_array", struct_layout_builder_add_array, -1);
+    rb_define_method(StructLayoutBuilderClass, "add_struct", struct_layout_builder_add_struct, -1);
+
+    rb_include_module(rbffi_StructInlineArrayClass, rb_mEnumerable);
+    rb_define_alloc_func(rbffi_StructInlineArrayClass, inline_array_allocate);
+    rb_define_method(rbffi_StructInlineArrayClass, "initialize", inline_array_initialize, 2);
+    rb_define_method(rbffi_StructInlineArrayClass, "[]", inline_array_aref, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rbffi_StructInlineArrayClass, "[]=", inline_array_aset, 2);
+    rb_define_method(rbffi_StructInlineArrayClass, "each", inline_array_each, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rbffi_StructInlineArrayClass, "size", inline_array_size, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rbffi_StructInlineArrayClass, "to_a", inline_array_to_a, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rbffi_StructInlineArrayClass, "to_s", inline_array_to_s, 0);
+    rb_define_alias(rbffi_StructInlineArrayClass, "to_str", "to_s");
+    rb_define_method(rbffi_StructInlineArrayClass, "to_ptr", inline_array_to_ptr, 0);
+
+    id_pointer_ivar = rb_intern("@pointer");
+    id_layout_ivar = rb_intern("@layout");
+    id_layout = rb_intern("layout");
+    id_get = rb_intern("get");
+    id_put = rb_intern("put");
+    id_to_ptr = rb_intern("to_ptr");
+    id_to_s = rb_intern("to_s");
+}