rails 3.2.22.5 → 4.2.11.1

Sign up to get free protection for your applications and to get access to all the features.
Files changed (218) hide show
  1. checksums.yaml +5 -5
  2. data/README.md +85 -0
  3. data/guides/CHANGELOG.md +103 -0
  4. data/guides/Rakefile +92 -0
  5. data/guides/assets/images/akshaysurve.jpg +0 -0
  6. data/guides/assets/images/belongs_to.png +0 -0
  7. data/guides/assets/images/book_icon.gif +0 -0
  8. data/guides/assets/images/bullet.gif +0 -0
  9. data/guides/assets/images/chapters_icon.gif +0 -0
  10. data/guides/assets/images/check_bullet.gif +0 -0
  11. data/guides/assets/images/credits_pic_blank.gif +0 -0
  12. data/guides/assets/images/csrf.png +0 -0
  13. data/guides/assets/images/edge_badge.png +0 -0
  14. data/guides/assets/images/favicon.ico +0 -0
  15. data/guides/assets/images/feature_tile.gif +0 -0
  16. data/guides/assets/images/footer_tile.gif +0 -0
  17. data/guides/assets/images/fxn.png +0 -0
  18. data/guides/assets/images/getting_started/article_with_comments.png +0 -0
  19. data/guides/assets/images/getting_started/challenge.png +0 -0
  20. data/guides/assets/images/getting_started/confirm_dialog.png +0 -0
  21. data/guides/assets/images/getting_started/forbidden_attributes_for_new_article.png +0 -0
  22. data/guides/assets/images/getting_started/form_with_errors.png +0 -0
  23. data/guides/assets/images/getting_started/index_action_with_edit_link.png +0 -0
  24. data/guides/assets/images/getting_started/new_article.png +0 -0
  25. data/guides/assets/images/getting_started/rails_welcome.png +0 -0
  26. data/guides/assets/images/getting_started/routing_error_no_controller.png +0 -0
  27. data/guides/assets/images/getting_started/routing_error_no_route_matches.png +0 -0
  28. data/guides/assets/images/getting_started/show_action_for_articles.png +0 -0
  29. data/guides/assets/images/getting_started/template_is_missing_articles_new.png +0 -0
  30. data/guides/assets/images/getting_started/unknown_action_create_for_articles.png +0 -0
  31. data/guides/assets/images/getting_started/unknown_action_new_for_articles.png +0 -0
  32. data/guides/assets/images/grey_bullet.gif +0 -0
  33. data/guides/assets/images/habtm.png +0 -0
  34. data/guides/assets/images/has_many.png +0 -0
  35. data/guides/assets/images/has_many_through.png +0 -0
  36. data/guides/assets/images/has_one.png +0 -0
  37. data/guides/assets/images/has_one_through.png +0 -0
  38. data/guides/assets/images/header_backdrop.png +0 -0
  39. data/guides/assets/images/header_tile.gif +0 -0
  40. data/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_html_safe.png +0 -0
  41. data/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_localized_pirate.png +0 -0
  42. data/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translated_en.png +0 -0
  43. data/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translated_pirate.png +0 -0
  44. data/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translation_missing.png +0 -0
  45. data/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_untranslated.png +0 -0
  46. data/guides/assets/images/icons/README +5 -0
  47. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/1.png +0 -0
  48. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/10.png +0 -0
  49. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/11.png +0 -0
  50. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/12.png +0 -0
  51. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/13.png +0 -0
  52. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/14.png +0 -0
  53. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/15.png +0 -0
  54. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/2.png +0 -0
  55. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/3.png +0 -0
  56. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/4.png +0 -0
  57. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/5.png +0 -0
  58. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/6.png +0 -0
  59. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/7.png +0 -0
  60. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/8.png +0 -0
  61. data/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/9.png +0 -0
  62. data/guides/assets/images/icons/caution.png +0 -0
  63. data/guides/assets/images/icons/example.png +0 -0
  64. data/guides/assets/images/icons/home.png +0 -0
  65. data/guides/assets/images/icons/important.png +0 -0
  66. data/guides/assets/images/icons/next.png +0 -0
  67. data/guides/assets/images/icons/note.png +0 -0
  68. data/guides/assets/images/icons/prev.png +0 -0
  69. data/guides/assets/images/icons/tip.png +0 -0
  70. data/guides/assets/images/icons/up.png +0 -0
  71. data/guides/assets/images/icons/warning.png +0 -0
  72. data/guides/assets/images/nav_arrow.gif +0 -0
  73. data/guides/assets/images/oscardelben.jpg +0 -0
  74. data/guides/assets/images/polymorphic.png +0 -0
  75. data/guides/assets/images/radar.png +0 -0
  76. data/guides/assets/images/rails4_features.png +0 -0
  77. data/guides/assets/images/rails_guides_kindle_cover.jpg +0 -0
  78. data/guides/assets/images/rails_guides_logo.gif +0 -0
  79. data/guides/assets/images/rails_logo_remix.gif +0 -0
  80. data/guides/assets/images/session_fixation.png +0 -0
  81. data/guides/assets/images/tab_grey.gif +0 -0
  82. data/guides/assets/images/tab_info.gif +0 -0
  83. data/guides/assets/images/tab_note.gif +0 -0
  84. data/guides/assets/images/tab_red.gif +0 -0
  85. data/guides/assets/images/tab_yellow.gif +0 -0
  86. data/guides/assets/images/tab_yellow.png +0 -0
  87. data/guides/assets/images/vijaydev.jpg +0 -0
  88. data/guides/assets/javascripts/guides.js +59 -0
  89. data/guides/assets/javascripts/jquery.min.js +4 -0
  90. data/guides/assets/javascripts/responsive-tables.js +43 -0
  91. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushAS3.js +59 -0
  92. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushAppleScript.js +75 -0
  93. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushBash.js +59 -0
  94. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushCSharp.js +65 -0
  95. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushColdFusion.js +100 -0
  96. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushCpp.js +97 -0
  97. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushCss.js +91 -0
  98. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushDelphi.js +55 -0
  99. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushDiff.js +41 -0
  100. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushErlang.js +52 -0
  101. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushGroovy.js +67 -0
  102. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushJScript.js +52 -0
  103. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushJava.js +57 -0
  104. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushJavaFX.js +58 -0
  105. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushPerl.js +72 -0
  106. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushPhp.js +88 -0
  107. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushPlain.js +33 -0
  108. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushPowerShell.js +74 -0
  109. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushPython.js +64 -0
  110. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushRuby.js +55 -0
  111. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushSass.js +94 -0
  112. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushScala.js +51 -0
  113. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushSql.js +66 -0
  114. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushVb.js +56 -0
  115. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shBrushXml.js +69 -0
  116. data/guides/assets/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/shCore.js +17 -0
  117. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/fixes.css +16 -0
  118. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/kindle.css +11 -0
  119. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/main.css +713 -0
  120. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/print.css +52 -0
  121. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/reset.css +43 -0
  122. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/responsive-tables.css +50 -0
  123. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/style.css +13 -0
  124. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shCore.css +226 -0
  125. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shCoreDefault.css +328 -0
  126. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shCoreDjango.css +331 -0
  127. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shCoreEclipse.css +339 -0
  128. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shCoreEmacs.css +324 -0
  129. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shCoreFadeToGrey.css +328 -0
  130. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shCoreMDUltra.css +324 -0
  131. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shCoreMidnight.css +324 -0
  132. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shCoreRDark.css +324 -0
  133. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shThemeDefault.css +117 -0
  134. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shThemeDjango.css +120 -0
  135. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shThemeEclipse.css +128 -0
  136. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shThemeEmacs.css +113 -0
  137. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shThemeFadeToGrey.css +117 -0
  138. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shThemeMDUltra.css +113 -0
  139. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shThemeMidnight.css +113 -0
  140. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shThemeRDark.css +113 -0
  141. data/guides/assets/stylesheets/syntaxhighlighter/shThemeRailsGuides.css +116 -0
  142. data/guides/bug_report_templates/action_controller_gem.rb +47 -0
  143. data/guides/bug_report_templates/action_controller_master.rb +54 -0
  144. data/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_gem.rb +40 -0
  145. data/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_master.rb +49 -0
  146. data/guides/bug_report_templates/generic_gem.rb +15 -0
  147. data/guides/bug_report_templates/generic_master.rb +26 -0
  148. data/guides/rails_guides.rb +63 -0
  149. data/guides/rails_guides/generator.rb +248 -0
  150. data/guides/rails_guides/helpers.rb +53 -0
  151. data/guides/rails_guides/indexer.rb +68 -0
  152. data/guides/rails_guides/kindle.rb +119 -0
  153. data/guides/rails_guides/levenshtein.rb +37 -0
  154. data/guides/rails_guides/markdown.rb +167 -0
  155. data/guides/rails_guides/markdown/renderer.rb +82 -0
  156. data/guides/source/2_2_release_notes.md +435 -0
  157. data/guides/source/2_3_release_notes.md +621 -0
  158. data/guides/source/3_0_release_notes.md +611 -0
  159. data/guides/source/3_1_release_notes.md +559 -0
  160. data/guides/source/3_2_release_notes.md +568 -0
  161. data/guides/source/4_0_release_notes.md +279 -0
  162. data/guides/source/4_1_release_notes.md +730 -0
  163. data/guides/source/4_2_release_notes.md +877 -0
  164. data/guides/source/_license.html.erb +2 -0
  165. data/guides/source/_welcome.html.erb +23 -0
  166. data/guides/source/action_controller_overview.md +1192 -0
  167. data/guides/source/action_mailer_basics.md +757 -0
  168. data/guides/source/action_view_overview.md +1561 -0
  169. data/guides/source/active_job_basics.md +339 -0
  170. data/guides/source/active_model_basics.md +554 -0
  171. data/guides/source/active_record_basics.md +374 -0
  172. data/guides/source/active_record_callbacks.md +413 -0
  173. data/guides/source/active_record_migrations.md +1018 -0
  174. data/guides/source/active_record_postgresql.md +433 -0
  175. data/guides/source/active_record_querying.md +1781 -0
  176. data/guides/source/active_record_validations.md +1179 -0
  177. data/guides/source/active_support_core_extensions.md +3856 -0
  178. data/guides/source/active_support_instrumentation.md +488 -0
  179. data/guides/source/api_documentation_guidelines.md +361 -0
  180. data/guides/source/asset_pipeline.md +1304 -0
  181. data/guides/source/association_basics.md +2245 -0
  182. data/guides/source/autoloading_and_reloading_constants.md +1311 -0
  183. data/guides/source/caching_with_rails.md +379 -0
  184. data/guides/source/command_line.md +625 -0
  185. data/guides/source/configuring.md +1070 -0
  186. data/guides/source/contributing_to_ruby_on_rails.md +628 -0
  187. data/guides/source/credits.html.erb +80 -0
  188. data/guides/source/debugging_rails_applications.md +861 -0
  189. data/guides/source/development_dependencies_install.md +289 -0
  190. data/guides/source/documents.yaml +205 -0
  191. data/guides/source/engines.md +1412 -0
  192. data/guides/source/form_helpers.md +1024 -0
  193. data/guides/source/generators.md +676 -0
  194. data/guides/source/getting_started.md +2086 -0
  195. data/guides/source/i18n.md +1087 -0
  196. data/guides/source/index.html.erb +28 -0
  197. data/guides/source/initialization.md +704 -0
  198. data/guides/source/kindle/copyright.html.erb +1 -0
  199. data/guides/source/kindle/layout.html.erb +27 -0
  200. data/guides/source/kindle/rails_guides.opf.erb +52 -0
  201. data/guides/source/kindle/toc.html.erb +24 -0
  202. data/guides/source/kindle/toc.ncx.erb +64 -0
  203. data/guides/source/kindle/welcome.html.erb +5 -0
  204. data/guides/source/layout.html.erb +140 -0
  205. data/guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md +1226 -0
  206. data/guides/source/maintenance_policy.md +78 -0
  207. data/guides/source/nested_model_forms.md +228 -0
  208. data/guides/source/plugins.md +444 -0
  209. data/guides/source/rails_application_templates.md +266 -0
  210. data/guides/source/rails_on_rack.md +335 -0
  211. data/guides/source/routing.md +1155 -0
  212. data/guides/source/ruby_on_rails_guides_guidelines.md +127 -0
  213. data/guides/source/security.md +1024 -0
  214. data/guides/source/testing.md +1132 -0
  215. data/guides/source/upgrading_ruby_on_rails.md +1186 -0
  216. data/guides/source/working_with_javascript_in_rails.md +407 -0
  217. data/guides/w3c_validator.rb +97 -0
  218. metadata +288 -26
@@ -0,0 +1,877 @@
1
+ Ruby on Rails 4.2 Release Notes
2
+ ===============================
3
+
4
+ Highlights in Rails 4.2:
5
+
6
+ * Active Job
7
+ * Asynchronous mails
8
+ * Adequate Record
9
+ * Web Console
10
+ * Foreign key support
11
+
12
+ These release notes cover only the major changes. To learn about other
13
+ features, bug fixes, and changes, please refer to the changelogs or check out
14
+ the [list of commits](https://github.com/rails/rails/commits/4-2-stable) in
15
+ the main Rails repository on GitHub.
16
+
17
+ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
18
+
19
+ Upgrading to Rails 4.2
20
+ ----------------------
21
+
22
+ If you're upgrading an existing application, it's a great idea to have good test
23
+ coverage before going in. You should also first upgrade to Rails 4.1 in case you
24
+ haven't and make sure your application still runs as expected before attempting
25
+ to upgrade to Rails 4.2. A list of things to watch out for when upgrading is
26
+ available in the guide [Upgrading Ruby on
27
+ Rails](upgrading_ruby_on_rails.html#upgrading-from-rails-4-1-to-rails-4-2).
28
+
29
+
30
+ Major Features
31
+ --------------
32
+
33
+ ### Active Job
34
+
35
+ Active Job is a new framework in Rails 4.2. It is a common interface on top of
36
+ queuing systems like [Resque](https://github.com/resque/resque), [Delayed
37
+ Job](https://github.com/collectiveidea/delayed_job),
38
+ [Sidekiq](https://github.com/mperham/sidekiq), and more.
39
+
40
+ Jobs written with the Active Job API run on any of the supported queues thanks
41
+ to their respective adapters. Active Job comes pre-configured with an inline
42
+ runner that executes jobs right away.
43
+
44
+ Jobs often need to take Active Record objects as arguments. Active Job passes
45
+ object references as URIs (uniform resource identifiers) instead of marshaling
46
+ the object itself. The new [Global ID](https://github.com/rails/globalid)
47
+ library builds URIs and looks up the objects they reference. Passing Active
48
+ Record objects as job arguments just works by using Global ID internally.
49
+
50
+ For example, if `trashable` is an Active Record object, then this job runs
51
+ just fine with no serialization involved:
52
+
53
+ ```ruby
54
+ class TrashableCleanupJob < ActiveJob::Base
55
+ def perform(trashable, depth)
56
+ trashable.cleanup(depth)
57
+ end
58
+ end
59
+ ```
60
+
61
+ See the [Active Job Basics](active_job_basics.html) guide for more
62
+ information.
63
+
64
+ ### Asynchronous Mails
65
+
66
+ Building on top of Active Job, Action Mailer now comes with a `deliver_later`
67
+ method that sends emails via the queue, so it doesn't block the controller or
68
+ model if the queue is asynchronous (the default inline queue blocks).
69
+
70
+ Sending emails right away is still possible with `deliver_now`.
71
+
72
+ ### Adequate Record
73
+
74
+ Adequate Record is a set of performance improvements in Active Record that makes
75
+ common `find` and `find_by` calls and some association queries up to 2x faster.
76
+
77
+ It works by caching common SQL queries as prepared statements and reusing them
78
+ on similar calls, skipping most of the query-generation work on subsequent
79
+ calls. For more details, please refer to [Aaron Patterson's blog
80
+ post](http://tenderlovemaking.com/2014/02/19/adequaterecord-pro-like-activerecord.html).
81
+
82
+ Active Record will automatically take advantage of this feature on
83
+ supported operations without any user involvement or code changes. Here are
84
+ some examples of supported operations:
85
+
86
+ ```ruby
87
+ Post.find(1) # First call generates and cache the prepared statement
88
+ Post.find(2) # Subsequent calls reuse the cached prepared statement
89
+
90
+ Post.find_by_title('first post')
91
+ Post.find_by_title('second post')
92
+
93
+ Post.find_by(title: 'first post')
94
+ Post.find_by(title: 'second post')
95
+
96
+ post.comments
97
+ post.comments(true)
98
+ ```
99
+
100
+ It's important to highlight that, as the examples above suggest, the prepared
101
+ statements do not cache the values passed in the method calls; rather, they
102
+ have placeholders for them.
103
+
104
+ Caching is not used in the following scenarios:
105
+
106
+ - The model has a default scope
107
+ - The model uses single table inheritance
108
+ - `find` with a list of ids, e.g.:
109
+
110
+ ```ruby
111
+ # not cached
112
+ Post.find(1, 2, 3)
113
+ Post.find([1,2])
114
+ ```
115
+
116
+ - `find_by` with SQL fragments:
117
+
118
+ ```ruby
119
+ Post.find_by('published_at < ?', 2.weeks.ago)
120
+ ```
121
+
122
+ ### Web Console
123
+
124
+ New applications generated with Rails 4.2 now come with the [Web
125
+ Console](https://github.com/rails/web-console) gem by default. Web Console adds
126
+ an interactive Ruby console on every error page and provides a `console` view
127
+ and controller helpers.
128
+
129
+ The interactive console on error pages lets you execute code in the context of
130
+ the place where the exception originated. The `console` helper, if called
131
+ anywhere in a view or controller, launches an interactive console with the final
132
+ context, once rendering has completed.
133
+
134
+ ### Foreign Key Support
135
+
136
+ The migration DSL now supports adding and removing foreign keys. They are dumped
137
+ to `schema.rb` as well. At this time, only the `mysql`, `mysql2` and `postgresql`
138
+ adapters support foreign keys.
139
+
140
+ ```ruby
141
+ # add a foreign key to `articles.author_id` referencing `authors.id`
142
+ add_foreign_key :articles, :authors
143
+
144
+ # add a foreign key to `articles.author_id` referencing `users.lng_id`
145
+ add_foreign_key :articles, :users, column: :author_id, primary_key: "lng_id"
146
+
147
+ # remove the foreign key on `accounts.branch_id`
148
+ remove_foreign_key :accounts, :branches
149
+
150
+ # remove the foreign key on `accounts.owner_id`
151
+ remove_foreign_key :accounts, column: :owner_id
152
+ ```
153
+
154
+ See the API documentation on
155
+ [add_foreign_key](http://api.rubyonrails.org/v4.2.0/classes/ActiveRecord/ConnectionAdapters/SchemaStatements.html#method-i-add_foreign_key)
156
+ and
157
+ [remove_foreign_key](http://api.rubyonrails.org/v4.2.0/classes/ActiveRecord/ConnectionAdapters/SchemaStatements.html#method-i-remove_foreign_key)
158
+ for a full description.
159
+
160
+
161
+ Incompatibilities
162
+ -----------------
163
+
164
+ Previously deprecated functionality has been removed. Please refer to the
165
+ individual components for new deprecations in this release.
166
+
167
+ The following changes may require immediate action upon upgrade.
168
+
169
+ ### `render` with a String Argument
170
+
171
+ Previously, calling `render "foo/bar"` in a controller action was equivalent to
172
+ `render file: "foo/bar"`. In Rails 4.2, this has been changed to mean
173
+ `render template: "foo/bar"` instead. If you need to render a file, please
174
+ change your code to use the explicit form (`render file: "foo/bar"`) instead.
175
+
176
+ ### `respond_with` / Class-Level `respond_to`
177
+
178
+ `respond_with` and the corresponding class-level `respond_to` have been moved
179
+ to the [responders](https://github.com/plataformatec/responders) gem. Add
180
+ `gem 'responders', '~> 2.0'` to your Gemfile to use it:
181
+
182
+ ```ruby
183
+ # app/controllers/users_controller.rb
184
+
185
+ class UsersController < ApplicationController
186
+ respond_to :html, :json
187
+
188
+ def show
189
+ @user = User.find(params[:id])
190
+ respond_with @user
191
+ end
192
+ end
193
+ ```
194
+
195
+ Instance-level `respond_to` is unaffected:
196
+
197
+ ```ruby
198
+ # app/controllers/users_controller.rb
199
+
200
+ class UsersController < ApplicationController
201
+ def show
202
+ @user = User.find(params[:id])
203
+ respond_to do |format|
204
+ format.html
205
+ format.json { render json: @user }
206
+ end
207
+ end
208
+ end
209
+ ```
210
+
211
+ ### Default Host for `rails server`
212
+
213
+ Due to a [change in Rack](https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/28b014484a8ac0bbb388e7eaeeef159598ec64fc),
214
+ `rails server` now listens on `localhost` instead of `0.0.0.0` by default. This
215
+ should have minimal impact on the standard development workflow as both
216
+ http://127.0.0.1:3000 and http://localhost:3000 will continue to work as before
217
+ on your own machine.
218
+
219
+ However, with this change you will no longer be able to access the Rails
220
+ server from a different machine, for example if your development environment
221
+ is in a virtual machine and you would like to access it from the host machine.
222
+ In such cases, please start the server with `rails server -b 0.0.0.0` to
223
+ restore the old behavior.
224
+
225
+ If you do this, be sure to configure your firewall properly such that only
226
+ trusted machines on your network can access your development server.
227
+
228
+ ### HTML Sanitizer
229
+
230
+ The HTML sanitizer has been replaced with a new, more robust, implementation
231
+ built upon [Loofah](https://github.com/flavorjones/loofah) and
232
+ [Nokogiri](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri). The new sanitizer is
233
+ more secure and its sanitization is more powerful and flexible.
234
+
235
+ Due to the new algorithm, the sanitized output may be different for certain
236
+ pathological inputs.
237
+
238
+ If you have a particular need for the exact output of the old sanitizer, you
239
+ can add the [rails-deprecated_sanitizer](https://github.com/kaspth/rails-deprecated_sanitizer)
240
+ gem to the `Gemfile`, to have the old behavior. The gem does not issue
241
+ deprecation warnings because it is opt-in.
242
+
243
+ `rails-deprecated_sanitizer` will be supported for Rails 4.2 only; it will not
244
+ be maintained for Rails 5.0.
245
+
246
+ See [this blog post](http://blog.plataformatec.com.br/2014/07/the-new-html-sanitizer-in-rails-4-2/)
247
+ for more details on the changes in the new sanitizer.
248
+
249
+ ### `assert_select`
250
+
251
+ `assert_select` is now based on [Nokogiri](https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri).
252
+ As a result, some previously-valid selectors are now unsupported. If your
253
+ application is using any of these spellings, you will need to update them:
254
+
255
+ * Values in attribute selectors may need to be quoted if they contain
256
+ non-alphanumeric characters.
257
+
258
+ ```
259
+ # before
260
+ a[href=/]
261
+ a[href$=/]
262
+
263
+ # now
264
+ a[href="/"]
265
+ a[href$="/"]
266
+ ```
267
+
268
+ * DOMs built from HTML source containing invalid HTML with improperly
269
+ nested elements may differ.
270
+
271
+ For example:
272
+
273
+ ``` ruby
274
+ # content: <div><i><p></i></div>
275
+
276
+ # before:
277
+ assert_select('div > i') # => true
278
+ assert_select('div > p') # => false
279
+ assert_select('i > p') # => true
280
+
281
+ # now:
282
+ assert_select('div > i') # => true
283
+ assert_select('div > p') # => true
284
+ assert_select('i > p') # => false
285
+ ```
286
+
287
+ * If the data selected contains entities, the value selected for comparison
288
+ used to be raw (e.g. `AT&amp;T`), and now is evaluated
289
+ (e.g. `AT&T`).
290
+
291
+ ``` ruby
292
+ # content: <p>AT&amp;T</p>
293
+
294
+ # before:
295
+ assert_select('p', 'AT&amp;T') # => true
296
+ assert_select('p', 'AT&T') # => false
297
+
298
+ # now:
299
+ assert_select('p', 'AT&T') # => true
300
+ assert_select('p', 'AT&amp;T') # => false
301
+ ```
302
+
303
+ Furthermore substitutions have changed syntax.
304
+
305
+ Now you have to use a `:match` CSS-like selector:
306
+
307
+ ```ruby
308
+ assert_select ":match('id', ?)", 'comment_1'
309
+ ```
310
+
311
+ Additionally Regexp substitutions look different when the assertion fails.
312
+ Notice how `/hello/` here:
313
+
314
+ ```ruby
315
+ assert_select(":match('id', ?)", /hello/)
316
+ ```
317
+
318
+ becomes `"(?-mix:hello)"`:
319
+
320
+ ```
321
+ Expected at least 1 element matching "div:match('id', "(?-mix:hello)")", found 0..
322
+ Expected 0 to be >= 1.
323
+ ```
324
+
325
+ See the [Rails Dom Testing](https://github.com/rails/rails-dom-testing/tree/8798b9349fb9540ad8cb9a0ce6cb88d1384a210b) documentation for more on `assert_select`.
326
+
327
+
328
+ Railties
329
+ --------
330
+
331
+ Please refer to the [Changelog][railties] for detailed changes.
332
+
333
+ ### Removals
334
+
335
+ * The `--skip-action-view` option has been removed from the
336
+ app generator. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/17042))
337
+
338
+ * The `rails application` command has been removed without replacement.
339
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/11616))
340
+
341
+ ### Deprecations
342
+
343
+ * Deprecated missing `config.log_level` for production environments.
344
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16622))
345
+
346
+ * Deprecated `rake test:all` in favor of `rake test` as it now run all tests
347
+ in the `test` folder.
348
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/17348))
349
+
350
+ * Deprecated `rake test:all:db` in favor of `rake test:db`.
351
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/17348))
352
+
353
+ * Deprecated `Rails::Rack::LogTailer` without replacement.
354
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/84a13e019e93efaa8994b3f8303d635a7702dbce))
355
+
356
+ ### Notable changes
357
+
358
+ * Introduced `web-console` in the default application Gemfile.
359
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/11667))
360
+
361
+ * Added a `required` option to the model generator for associations.
362
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16062))
363
+
364
+ * Introduced the `x` namespace for defining custom configuration options:
365
+
366
+ ```ruby
367
+ # config/environments/production.rb
368
+ config.x.payment_processing.schedule = :daily
369
+ config.x.payment_processing.retries = 3
370
+ config.x.super_debugger = true
371
+ ```
372
+
373
+ These options are then available through the configuration object:
374
+
375
+ ```ruby
376
+ Rails.configuration.x.payment_processing.schedule # => :daily
377
+ Rails.configuration.x.payment_processing.retries # => 3
378
+ Rails.configuration.x.super_debugger # => true
379
+ ```
380
+
381
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/611849772dd66c2e4d005dcfe153f7ce79a8a7db))
382
+
383
+ * Introduced `Rails::Application.config_for` to load a configuration for the
384
+ current environment.
385
+
386
+ ```ruby
387
+ # config/exception_notification.yml:
388
+ production:
389
+ url: http://127.0.0.1:8080
390
+ namespace: my_app_production
391
+ development:
392
+ url: http://localhost:3001
393
+ namespace: my_app_development
394
+
395
+ # config/production.rb
396
+ Rails.application.configure do
397
+ config.middleware.use ExceptionNotifier, config_for(:exception_notification)
398
+ end
399
+ ```
400
+
401
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16129))
402
+
403
+ * Introduced a `--skip-turbolinks` option in the app generator to not generate
404
+ turbolinks integration.
405
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/bf17c8a531bc8059d50ad731398002a3e7162a7d))
406
+
407
+ * Introduced a `bin/setup` script as a convention for automated setup code when
408
+ bootstrapping an application.
409
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15189))
410
+
411
+ * Changed the default value for `config.assets.digest` to `true` in development.
412
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15155))
413
+
414
+ * Introduced an API to register new extensions for `rake notes`.
415
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14379))
416
+
417
+ * Introduced an `after_bundle` callback for use in Rails templates.
418
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16359))
419
+
420
+ * Introduced `Rails.gem_version` as a convenience method to return
421
+ `Gem::Version.new(Rails.version)`.
422
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14101))
423
+
424
+
425
+ Action Pack
426
+ -----------
427
+
428
+ Please refer to the [Changelog][action-pack] for detailed changes.
429
+
430
+ ### Removals
431
+
432
+ * `respond_with` and the class-level `respond_to` have been removed from Rails and
433
+ moved to the `responders` gem (version 2.0). Add `gem 'responders', '~> 2.0'`
434
+ to your `Gemfile` to continue using these features.
435
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16526),
436
+ [More Details](http://guides.rubyonrails.org/upgrading_ruby_on_rails.html#responders))
437
+
438
+ * Removed deprecated `AbstractController::Helpers::ClassMethods::MissingHelperError`
439
+ in favor of `AbstractController::Helpers::MissingHelperError`.
440
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/a1ddde15ae0d612ff2973de9cf768ed701b594e8))
441
+
442
+ ### Deprecations
443
+
444
+ * Deprecated the `only_path` option on `*_path` helpers.
445
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/aa1fadd48fb40dd9396a383696134a259aa59db9))
446
+
447
+ * Deprecated `assert_tag`, `assert_no_tag`, `find_tag` and `find_all_tag` in
448
+ favor of `assert_select`.
449
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails-dom-testing/commit/b12850bc5ff23ba4b599bf2770874dd4f11bf750))
450
+
451
+ * Deprecated support for setting the `:to` option of a router to a symbol or a
452
+ string that does not contain a "#" character:
453
+
454
+ ```ruby
455
+ get '/posts', to: MyRackApp => (No change necessary)
456
+ get '/posts', to: 'post#index' => (No change necessary)
457
+ get '/posts', to: 'posts' => get '/posts', controller: :posts
458
+ get '/posts', to: :index => get '/posts', action: :index
459
+ ```
460
+
461
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/cc26b6b7bccf0eea2e2c1a9ebdcc9d30ca7390d9))
462
+
463
+ * Deprecated support for string keys in URL helpers:
464
+
465
+ ```ruby
466
+ # bad
467
+ root_path('controller' => 'posts', 'action' => 'index')
468
+
469
+ # good
470
+ root_path(controller: 'posts', action: 'index')
471
+ ```
472
+
473
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/17743))
474
+
475
+ ### Notable changes
476
+
477
+ * The `*_filter` family of methods have been removed from the documentation. Their
478
+ usage is discouraged in favor of the `*_action` family of methods:
479
+
480
+ ```
481
+ after_filter => after_action
482
+ append_after_filter => append_after_action
483
+ append_around_filter => append_around_action
484
+ append_before_filter => append_before_action
485
+ around_filter => around_action
486
+ before_filter => before_action
487
+ prepend_after_filter => prepend_after_action
488
+ prepend_around_filter => prepend_around_action
489
+ prepend_before_filter => prepend_before_action
490
+ skip_after_filter => skip_after_action
491
+ skip_around_filter => skip_around_action
492
+ skip_before_filter => skip_before_action
493
+ skip_filter => skip_action_callback
494
+ ```
495
+
496
+ If your application currently depends on these methods, you should use the
497
+ replacement `*_action` methods instead. These methods will be deprecated in
498
+ the future and will eventually be removed from Rails.
499
+
500
+ (Commit [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/6c5f43bab8206747a8591435b2aa0ff7051ad3de),
501
+ [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/489a8f2a44dc9cea09154ee1ee2557d1f037c7d4))
502
+
503
+ * `render nothing: true` or rendering a `nil` body no longer add a single
504
+ space padding to the response body.
505
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14883))
506
+
507
+ * Rails now automatically includes the template's digest in ETags.
508
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16527))
509
+
510
+ * Segments that are passed into URL helpers are now automatically escaped.
511
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/5460591f0226a9d248b7b4f89186bd5553e7768f))
512
+
513
+ * Introduced the `always_permitted_parameters` option to configure which
514
+ parameters are permitted globally. The default value of this configuration
515
+ is `['controller', 'action']`.
516
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15933))
517
+
518
+ * Added the HTTP method `MKCALENDAR` from [RFC 4791](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4791).
519
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15121))
520
+
521
+ * `*_fragment.action_controller` notifications now include the controller
522
+ and action name in the payload.
523
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14137))
524
+
525
+ * Improved the Routing Error page with fuzzy matching for route search.
526
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14619))
527
+
528
+ * Added an option to disable logging of CSRF failures.
529
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14280))
530
+
531
+ * When the Rails server is set to serve static assets, gzip assets will now be
532
+ served if the client supports it and a pre-generated gzip file (`.gz`) is on disk.
533
+ By default the asset pipeline generates `.gz` files for all compressible assets.
534
+ Serving gzip files minimizes data transfer and speeds up asset requests. Always
535
+ [use a CDN](http://guides.rubyonrails.org/asset_pipeline.html#cdns) if you are
536
+ serving assets from your Rails server in production.
537
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16466))
538
+
539
+ * When calling the `process` helpers in an integration test the path needs to have
540
+ a leading slash. Previously you could omit it but that was a byproduct of the
541
+ implementation and not an intentional feature, e.g.:
542
+
543
+ ```ruby
544
+ test "list all posts" do
545
+ get "/posts"
546
+ assert_response :success
547
+ end
548
+ ```
549
+
550
+ Action View
551
+ -----------
552
+
553
+ Please refer to the [Changelog][action-view] for detailed changes.
554
+
555
+ ### Deprecations
556
+
557
+ * Deprecated `AbstractController::Base.parent_prefixes`.
558
+ Override `AbstractController::Base.local_prefixes` when you want to change
559
+ where to find views.
560
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15026))
561
+
562
+ * Deprecated `ActionView::Digestor#digest(name, format, finder, options = {})`.
563
+ Arguments should be passed as a hash instead.
564
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14243))
565
+
566
+ ### Notable changes
567
+
568
+ * `render "foo/bar"` now expands to `render template: "foo/bar"` instead of
569
+ `render file: "foo/bar"`.
570
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16888))
571
+
572
+ * The form helpers no longer generate a `<div>` element with inline CSS around
573
+ the hidden fields.
574
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14738))
575
+
576
+ * Introduced a `#{partial_name}_iteration` special local variable for use with
577
+ partials that are rendered with a collection. It provides access to the
578
+ current state of the iteration via the `index`, `size`, `first?` and
579
+ `last?` methods.
580
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/7698))
581
+
582
+ * Placeholder I18n follows the same convention as `label` I18n.
583
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16438))
584
+
585
+
586
+ Action Mailer
587
+ -------------
588
+
589
+ Please refer to the [Changelog][action-mailer] for detailed changes.
590
+
591
+ ### Deprecations
592
+
593
+ * Deprecated `*_path` helpers in mailers. Always use `*_url` helpers instead.
594
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15840))
595
+
596
+ * Deprecated `deliver` / `deliver!` in favor of `deliver_now` / `deliver_now!`.
597
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16582))
598
+
599
+ ### Notable changes
600
+
601
+ * `link_to` and `url_for` generate absolute URLs by default in templates,
602
+ it is no longer needed to pass `only_path: false`.
603
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/9685080a7677abfa5d288a81c3e078368c6bb67c))
604
+
605
+ * Introduced `deliver_later` which enqueues a job on the application's queue
606
+ to deliver emails asynchronously.
607
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16485))
608
+
609
+ * Added the `show_previews` configuration option for enabling mailer previews
610
+ outside of the development environment.
611
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15970))
612
+
613
+
614
+ Active Record
615
+ -------------
616
+
617
+ Please refer to the [Changelog][active-record] for detailed changes.
618
+
619
+ ### Removals
620
+
621
+ * Removed `cache_attributes` and friends. All attributes are cached.
622
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15429))
623
+
624
+ * Removed deprecated method `ActiveRecord::Base.quoted_locking_column`.
625
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15612))
626
+
627
+ * Removed deprecated `ActiveRecord::Migrator.proper_table_name`. Use the
628
+ `proper_table_name` instance method on `ActiveRecord::Migration` instead.
629
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15512))
630
+
631
+ * Removed unused `:timestamp` type. Transparently alias it to `:datetime`
632
+ in all cases. Fixes inconsistencies when column types are sent outside of
633
+ Active Record, such as for XML serialization.
634
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15184))
635
+
636
+ ### Deprecations
637
+
638
+ * Deprecated swallowing of errors inside `after_commit` and `after_rollback`.
639
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16537))
640
+
641
+ * Deprecated broken support for automatic detection of counter caches on
642
+ `has_many :through` associations. You should instead manually specify the
643
+ counter cache on the `has_many` and `belongs_to` associations for the
644
+ through records.
645
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15754))
646
+
647
+ * Deprecated passing Active Record objects to `.find` or `.exists?`. Call
648
+ `id` on the objects first.
649
+ (Commit [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/d92ae6ccca3bcfd73546d612efaea011270bd270),
650
+ [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/d35f0033c7dec2b8d8b52058fb8db495d49596f7))
651
+
652
+ * Deprecated half-baked support for PostgreSQL range values with excluding
653
+ beginnings. We currently map PostgreSQL ranges to Ruby ranges. This conversion
654
+ is not fully possible because Ruby ranges do not support excluded beginnings.
655
+
656
+ The current solution of incrementing the beginning is not correct
657
+ and is now deprecated. For subtypes where we don't know how to increment
658
+ (e.g. `succ` is not defined) it will raise an `ArgumentError` for ranges
659
+ with excluding beginnings.
660
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/91949e48cf41af9f3e4ffba3e5eecf9b0a08bfc3))
661
+
662
+ * Deprecated calling `DatabaseTasks.load_schema` without a connection. Use
663
+ `DatabaseTasks.load_schema_current` instead.
664
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/f15cef67f75e4b52fd45655d7c6ab6b35623c608))
665
+
666
+ * Deprecated `sanitize_sql_hash_for_conditions` without replacement. Using a
667
+ `Relation` for performing queries and updates is the preferred API.
668
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/d5902c9e))
669
+
670
+ * Deprecated `add_timestamps` and `t.timestamps` without passing the `:null`
671
+ option. The default of `null: true` will change in Rails 5 to `null: false`.
672
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16481))
673
+
674
+ * Deprecated `Reflection#source_macro` without replacement as it is no longer
675
+ needed in Active Record.
676
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16373))
677
+
678
+ * Deprecated `serialized_attributes` without replacement.
679
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15704))
680
+
681
+ * Deprecated returning `nil` from `column_for_attribute` when no column
682
+ exists. It will return a null object in Rails 5.0.
683
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15878))
684
+
685
+ * Deprecated using `.joins`, `.preload` and `.eager_load` with associations
686
+ that depend on the instance state (i.e. those defined with a scope that
687
+ takes an argument) without replacement.
688
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/ed56e596a0467390011bc9d56d462539776adac1))
689
+
690
+ ### Notable changes
691
+
692
+ * `SchemaDumper` uses `force: :cascade` on `create_table`. This makes it
693
+ possible to reload a schema when foreign keys are in place.
694
+
695
+ * Added a `:required` option to singular associations, which defines a
696
+ presence validation on the association.
697
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16056))
698
+
699
+ * `ActiveRecord::Dirty` now detects in-place changes to mutable values.
700
+ Serialized attributes on Active Record models are no longer saved when
701
+ unchanged. This also works with other types such as string columns and json
702
+ columns on PostgreSQL.
703
+ (Pull Requests [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15674),
704
+ [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15786),
705
+ [3](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15788))
706
+
707
+ * Introduced the `db:purge` Rake task to empty the database for the
708
+ current environment.
709
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/e2f232aba15937a4b9d14bd91e0392c6d55be58d))
710
+
711
+ * Introduced `ActiveRecord::Base#validate!` that raises
712
+ `ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid` if the record is invalid.
713
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/8639))
714
+
715
+ * Introduced `validate` as an alias for `valid?`.
716
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14456))
717
+
718
+ * `touch` now accepts multiple attributes to be touched at once.
719
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14423))
720
+
721
+ * The PostgreSQL adapter now supports the `jsonb` datatype in PostgreSQL 9.4+.
722
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16220))
723
+
724
+ * The PostgreSQL and SQLite adapters no longer add a default limit of 255
725
+ characters on string columns.
726
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14579))
727
+
728
+ * Added support for the `citext` column type in the PostgreSQL adapter.
729
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/12523))
730
+
731
+ * Added support for user-created range types in the PostgreSQL adapter.
732
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/4cb47167e747e8f9dc12b0ddaf82bdb68c03e032))
733
+
734
+ * `sqlite3:///some/path` now resolves to the absolute system path
735
+ `/some/path`. For relative paths, use `sqlite3:some/path` instead.
736
+ (Previously, `sqlite3:///some/path` resolved to the relative path
737
+ `some/path`. This behavior was deprecated on Rails 4.1).
738
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14569))
739
+
740
+ * Added support for fractional seconds for MySQL 5.6 and above.
741
+ (Pull Request [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/8240),
742
+ [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14359))
743
+
744
+ * Added `ActiveRecord::Base#pretty_print` to pretty print models.
745
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15172))
746
+
747
+ * `ActiveRecord::Base#reload` now behaves the same as `m = Model.find(m.id)`,
748
+ meaning that it no longer retains the extra attributes from custom
749
+ `SELECT`s.
750
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15866))
751
+
752
+ * `ActiveRecord::Base#reflections` now returns a hash with string keys instead
753
+ of symbol keys. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/17718))
754
+
755
+ * The `references` method in migrations now supports a `type` option for
756
+ specifying the type of the foreign key (e.g. `:uuid`).
757
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16231))
758
+
759
+ Active Model
760
+ ------------
761
+
762
+ Please refer to the [Changelog][active-model] for detailed changes.
763
+
764
+ ### Removals
765
+
766
+ * Removed deprecated `Validator#setup` without replacement.
767
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/10716))
768
+
769
+ ### Deprecations
770
+
771
+ * Deprecated `reset_#{attribute}` in favor of `restore_#{attribute}`.
772
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16180))
773
+
774
+ * Deprecated `ActiveModel::Dirty#reset_changes` in favor of
775
+ `clear_changes_information`.
776
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16180))
777
+
778
+ ### Notable changes
779
+
780
+ * Introduced `validate` as an alias for `valid?`.
781
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14456))
782
+
783
+ * Introduced the `restore_attributes` method in `ActiveModel::Dirty` to restore
784
+ the changed (dirty) attributes to their previous values.
785
+ (Pull Request [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14861),
786
+ [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16180))
787
+
788
+ * `has_secure_password` no longer disallows blank passwords (i.e. passwords
789
+ that contains only spaces) by default.
790
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16412))
791
+
792
+ * `has_secure_password` now verifies that the given password is less than 72
793
+ characters if validations are enabled.
794
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15708))
795
+
796
+ Active Support
797
+ --------------
798
+
799
+ Please refer to the [Changelog][active-support] for detailed changes.
800
+
801
+ ### Removals
802
+
803
+ * Removed deprecated `Numeric#ago`, `Numeric#until`, `Numeric#since`,
804
+ `Numeric#from_now`.
805
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/f1eddea1e3f6faf93581c43651348f48b2b7d8bb))
806
+
807
+ * Removed deprecated string based terminators for `ActiveSupport::Callbacks`.
808
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15100))
809
+
810
+ ### Deprecations
811
+
812
+ * Deprecated `Kernel#silence_stderr`, `Kernel#capture` and `Kernel#quietly`
813
+ without replacement.
814
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/13392))
815
+
816
+ * Deprecated `Class#superclass_delegating_accessor`, use
817
+ `Class#class_attribute` instead.
818
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14271))
819
+
820
+ * Deprecated `ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer#prepend!` as
821
+ `ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer#prepend` now performs the same function.
822
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14529))
823
+
824
+ ### Notable changes
825
+
826
+ * Introduced a new configuration option `active_support.test_order` for
827
+ specifying the order test cases are executed. This option currently defaults
828
+ to `:sorted` but will be changed to `:random` in Rails 5.0.
829
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/53e877f7d9291b2bf0b8c425f9e32ef35829f35b))
830
+
831
+ * `Object#try` and `Object#try!` can now be used without an explicit receiver in the block.
832
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/5e51bdda59c9ba8e5faf86294e3e431bd45f1830),
833
+ [Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/17361))
834
+
835
+ * The `travel_to` test helper now truncates the `usec` component to 0.
836
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/9f6e82ee4783e491c20f5244a613fdeb4024beb5))
837
+
838
+ * Introduced `Object#itself` as an identity function.
839
+ (Commit [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/702ad710b57bef45b081ebf42e6fa70820fdd810),
840
+ [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/64d91122222c11ad3918cc8e2e3ebc4b0a03448a))
841
+
842
+ * `Object#with_options` can now be used without an explicit receiver in the block.
843
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16339))
844
+
845
+ * Introduced `String#truncate_words` to truncate a string by a number of words.
846
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16190))
847
+
848
+ * Added `Hash#transform_values` and `Hash#transform_values!` to simplify a
849
+ common pattern where the values of a hash must change, but the keys are left
850
+ the same.
851
+ ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15819))
852
+
853
+ * The `humanize` inflector helper now strips any leading underscores.
854
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/daaa21bc7d20f2e4ff451637423a25ff2d5e75c7))
855
+
856
+ * Introduced `Concern#class_methods` as an alternative to
857
+ `module ClassMethods`, as well as `Kernel#concern` to avoid the
858
+ `module Foo; extend ActiveSupport::Concern; end` boilerplate.
859
+ ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/b16c36e688970df2f96f793a759365b248b582ad))
860
+
861
+ * New [guide](constant_autoloading_and_reloading.html) about constant autoloading and reloading.
862
+
863
+ Credits
864
+ -------
865
+
866
+ See the
867
+ [full list of contributors to Rails](http://contributors.rubyonrails.org/) for
868
+ the many people who spent many hours making Rails the stable and robust
869
+ framework it is today. Kudos to all of them.
870
+
871
+ [railties]: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/railties/CHANGELOG.md
872
+ [action-pack]: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/actionpack/CHANGELOG.md
873
+ [action-view]: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/actionview/CHANGELOG.md
874
+ [action-mailer]: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/actionmailer/CHANGELOG.md
875
+ [active-record]: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md
876
+ [active-model]: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activemodel/CHANGELOG.md
877
+ [active-support]: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activesupport/CHANGELOG.md