puppet 8.4.0 → 8.5.0

data/spec/unit/functions/lookup_fixture_spec.rb

@@ -1,687 +0,0 @@
-require 'spec_helper'
-require 'puppet_spec/compiler'
-require 'puppet_spec/files'
-require 'puppet/pops'
-require 'deep_merge/core'
-
-# Tests the lookup function using fixtures
-describe 'The lookup function' do
-  include PuppetSpec::Compiler
-
-  # Assembles code that includes the *abc* class and compiles it into a catalog. This class will use the global
-  # variable $args to perform a lookup and assign the result to $abc::result. Unless the $block is set to
-  # the string 'no_block_present', it will be passed as a lambda to the lookup. The assembled code will declare
-  # a notify resource with a name that is formed by interpolating the result into a format string.
-  #
-  # The method performs the folloging steps.
-  #
-  # - Build the code that:
-  #    - sets the $args variable from _lookup_args_
-  #    - sets the $block parameter to the given block or the string 'no_block_present'
-  #    - includes the abc class
-  #    - assigns the $abc::result to $r
-  #    - interpolates a string using _fmt_ (which is assumed to use $r)
-  #    - declares a notify resource from the interpolated string
-  # - Compile the code into a catalog
-  # - Return the name of all Notify resources in that catalog
-  #
-  # @param fmt [String] The puppet interpolated string used when creating the notify title
-  # @param *args [String] splat of args that will be concatenated to form the puppet args sent to lookup
-  # @return [Array<String>] List of names of Notify resources in the resulting catalog
-  #
-  def assemble_and_compile(fmt, *lookup_args, &block)
-    assemble_and_compile_with_block(fmt, "'no_block_present'", *lookup_args, &block)
-  end
-
-  def assemble_and_compile_with_block(fmt, block, *lookup_args, &cblock)
-    compile_and_get_notifications(<<-END.unindent, &cblock)
-      $args = [#{lookup_args.join(',')}]
-      $block = #{block}
-      include abc
-      $r = if $abc::result == undef { 'no_value' } else { $abc::result }
-      notify { \"#{fmt}\": }
-    END
-  end
-
-  def compile_and_get_notifications(code)
-    Puppet[:code] = code
-    node.environment.check_for_reparse
-    catalog = block_given? ? compiler.compile { |cat| yield(compiler.topscope); cat } : compiler.compile
-    catalog.resources.map(&:ref).select { |r| r.start_with?('Notify[') }.map { |r| r[7..-2] }
-  end
-
-  # There is a fully configured 'production' environment in fixtures at this location
-  let(:environmentpath) { File.join(my_fixture_dir, 'environments') }
-  let(:node) { Puppet::Node.new("testnode", :facts => Puppet::Node::Facts.new("facts", {}), :environment => 'production') }
-  let(:compiler) { Puppet::Parser::Compiler.new(node) }
-
-  around(:each) do |example|
-    # Initialize settings to get a full compile as close as possible to a real
-    # environment load
-    Puppet.settings.initialize_global_settings
-
-    # Initialize loaders based on the environmentpath. It does not work to
-    # just set the setting environmentpath for some reason - this achieves the same:
-    # - first a loader is created, loading directory environments from the fixture (there is
-    # one environment, 'production', which will be loaded since the node references this
-    # environment by name).
-    # - secondly, the created env loader is set as 'environments' in the puppet context.
-    #
-    environments = Puppet::Environments::Directories.new(environmentpath, [])
-    Puppet.override(:environments => environments) do
-      example.run
-    end
-  end
-
-  context 'using valid parameters' do
-    it 'can lookup value provided by the environment' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::a'")
-      expect(resources).to include('env_a')
-    end
-
-    it 'can lookup value provided by the module' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::b'")
-      expect(resources).to include('module_b')
-    end
-
-    it "can lookup value provided by the module that has 'function' data_provider entry in metadata.json" do
-      resources = compile_and_get_notifications("$args = ['meta::b']\ninclude meta\nnotify { $meta::result: }\n")
-      expect(resources).to include('module_b')
-    end
-
-    it 'can lookup value provided in global scope' do
-      Puppet.settings[:hiera_config] = File.join(my_fixture_dir, 'hiera.yaml')
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::a'")
-      expect(resources).to include('global_a')
-    end
-
-    it 'will stop at first found name when several names are provided' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "['abc::b', 'abc::a']")
-      expect(resources).to include('module_b')
-    end
-
-    it 'can lookup value provided by the module that is overriden by environment' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::c'")
-      expect(resources).to include('env_c')
-    end
-
-    it "can 'unique' merge values provided by both the module and the environment" do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[0]}_${r[1]}', "'abc::c'", 'Array[String]', "'unique'")
-      expect(resources).to include('env_c_module_c')
-    end
-
-    it "can 'hash' merge values provided by the environment only" do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[k1]}_${r[k2]}_${r[k3]}', "'abc::d'", 'Hash[String,String]', "'hash'")
-      expect(resources).to include('env_d1_env_d2_env_d3')
-    end
-
-    it "can 'hash' merge values provided by both the environment and the module" do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[k1]}_${r[k2]}_${r[k3]}', "'abc::e'", 'Hash[String,String]', "'hash'")
-      expect(resources).to include('env_e1_module_e2_env_e3')
-    end
-
-    it "can 'hash' merge values provided by global, environment, and module" do
-      Puppet.settings[:hiera_config] = File.join(my_fixture_dir, 'hiera.yaml')
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[k1]}_${r[k2]}_${r[k3]}', "'abc::e'", 'Hash[String,String]', "'hash'")
-      expect(resources).to include('global_e1_module_e2_env_e3')
-    end
-
-    it "can pass merge parameter in the form of a hash with a 'strategy=>unique'" do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[0]}_${r[1]}', "'abc::c'", 'Array[String]', "{strategy => 'unique'}")
-      expect(resources).to include('env_c_module_c')
-    end
-
-    it "can pass merge parameter in the form of a hash with 'strategy=>hash'" do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[k1]}_${r[k2]}_${r[k3]}', "'abc::e'", 'Hash[String,String]', "{strategy => 'hash'}")
-      expect(resources).to include('env_e1_module_e2_env_e3')
-    end
-
-    it "can pass merge parameter in the form of a hash with a 'strategy=>deep'" do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[k1]}_${r[k2]}_${r[k3]}', "'abc::e'", 'Hash[String,String]', "{strategy => 'deep'}")
-      expect(resources).to include('env_e1_module_e2_env_e3')
-    end
-
-    it "will fail unless merge in the form of a hash contains a 'strategy'" do
-      expect do
-        assemble_and_compile('${r[k1]}_${r[k2]}_${r[k3]}', "'abc::e'", 'Hash[String,String]', "{merge_key => 'hash'}")
-      end.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /hash given as 'merge' must contain the name of a strategy/)
-    end
-
-    it 'will raise an exception when value is not found for single key and no default is provided' do
-      expect do
-        assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::x'")
-      end.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /did not find a value for the name 'abc::x'/)
-    end
-
-    it 'can lookup an undef value' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::n'")
-      expect(resources).to include('no_value')
-    end
-
-    it 'will not replace an undef value with a given default' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::n'", 'undef', 'undef', '"default_n"')
-      expect(resources).to include('no_value')
-    end
-
-    it 'will not accept a succesful lookup of an undef value when the type rejects it' do
-      expect do
-        assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::n'", 'String')
-      end.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /Found value has wrong type, expects a String value, got Undef/)
-    end
-
-    it 'will raise an exception when value is not found for array key and no default is provided' do
-      expect do
-        assemble_and_compile('${r}', "['abc::x', 'abc::y']")
-      end.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /did not find a value for any of the names \['abc::x', 'abc::y'\]/)
-    end
-
-    it 'can lookup and deep merge shallow values provided by the environment only' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[k1]}_${r[k2]}_${r[k3]}', "'abc::d'", 'Hash[String,String]', "'deep'")
-      expect(resources).to include('env_d1_env_d2_env_d3')
-    end
-
-    it 'can lookup and deep merge shallow values provided by both the module and the environment' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[k1]}_${r[k2]}_${r[k3]}', "'abc::e'", 'Hash[String,String]', "'deep'")
-      expect(resources).to include('env_e1_module_e2_env_e3')
-    end
-
-    it 'can lookup and deep merge deep values provided by global, environment, and module' do
-      Puppet.settings[:hiera_config] = File.join(my_fixture_dir, 'hiera.yaml')
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[k1][s1]}_${r[k1][s2]}_${r[k1][s3]}_${r[k2][s1]}_${r[k2][s2]}_${r[k2][s3]}', "'abc::f'", 'Hash[String,Hash[String,String]]', "'deep'")
-      expect(resources).to include('global_f11_env_f12_module_f13_env_f21_module_f22_global_f23')
-    end
-
-    it 'will propagate resolution_type :array to Hiera when merge == \'unique\'' do
-      Puppet.settings[:hiera_config] = File.join(my_fixture_dir, 'hiera.yaml')
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[0]}_${r[1]}_${r[2]}', "'abc::c'", 'Array[String]', "'unique'")
-      expect(resources).to include('global_c_env_c_module_c')
-    end
-
-    it 'will propagate a Hash resolution_type with :behavior => :native to Hiera when merge == \'hash\'' do
-      Puppet.settings[:hiera_config] = File.join(my_fixture_dir, 'hiera.yaml')
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[k1]}_${r[k2]}_${r[k3]}', "'abc::e'", 'Hash[String,String]', "{strategy => 'hash'}")
-      expect(resources).to include('global_e1_module_e2_env_e3')
-    end
-
-    it 'will propagate a Hash resolution_type with :behavior => :deeper to Hiera when merge == \'deep\'' do
-      Puppet.settings[:hiera_config] = File.join(my_fixture_dir, 'hiera.yaml')
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[k1][s1]}_${r[k1][s2]}_${r[k1][s3]}_${r[k2][s1]}_${r[k2][s2]}_${r[k2][s3]}', "'abc::f'", 'Hash[String,Hash[String,String]]', "'deep'")
-      expect(resources).to include('global_f11_env_f12_module_f13_env_f21_module_f22_global_f23')
-    end
-
-    it 'will propagate a Hash resolution_type with symbolic deep merge options to Hiera' do
-      Puppet.settings[:hiera_config] = File.join(my_fixture_dir, 'hiera.yaml')
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[k1][s1]}_${r[k1][s2]}_${r[k1][s3]}_${r[k2][s1]}_${r[k2][s2]}_${r[k2][s3]}', "'abc::f'", 'Hash[String,Hash[String,String]]', "{ 'strategy' => 'deep', 'knockout_prefix' => '--' }")
-      expect(resources).to include('global_f11_env_f12_module_f13_env_f21_module_f22_global_f23')
-    end
-
-    context 'with provided default' do
-      it 'will return default when lookup fails' do
-        resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::x'", 'String', 'undef', "'dflt_x'")
-        expect(resources).to include('dflt_x')
-      end
-
-      it 'can precede default parameter with undef as the value_type and undef as the merge type' do
-        resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::x'", 'undef', 'undef', "'dflt_x'")
-        expect(resources).to include('dflt_x')
-      end
-
-      it 'can use array' do
-        resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[0]}_${r[1]}', "'abc::x'", 'Array[String]', 'undef', "['dflt_x', 'dflt_y']")
-        expect(resources).to include('dflt_x_dflt_y')
-      end
-
-      it 'can use hash' do
-        resources = assemble_and_compile('${r[a]}_${r[b]}', "'abc::x'", 'Hash[String,String]', 'undef', "{'a' => 'dflt_x', 'b' => 'dflt_y'}")
-        expect(resources).to include('dflt_x_dflt_y')
-      end
-
-      it 'fails unless default is an instance of value_type' do
-        expect do
-          assemble_and_compile('${r[a]}_${r[b]}', "'abc::x'", 'Hash[String,String]', 'undef', "{'a' => 'dflt_x', 'b' => 32}")
-        end.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError,
-          /Default value has wrong type, entry 'b' expects a String value, got Integer/)
-      end
-    end
-
-    context 'with a default block' do
-      it 'will be called when lookup fails' do
-        resources = assemble_and_compile_with_block('${r}', "'dflt_x'", "'abc::x'")
-        expect(resources).to include('dflt_x')
-      end
-
-      it 'will not called when lookup succeeds but the found value is nil' do
-        resources = assemble_and_compile_with_block('${r}', "'dflt_x'", "'abc::n'")
-        expect(resources).to include('no_value')
-      end
-
-      it 'can use array' do
-        resources = assemble_and_compile_with_block('${r[0]}_${r[1]}', "['dflt_x', 'dflt_y']", "'abc::x'")
-        expect(resources).to include('dflt_x_dflt_y')
-      end
-
-      it 'can use hash' do
-        resources = assemble_and_compile_with_block('${r[a]}_${r[b]}', "{'a' => 'dflt_x', 'b' => 'dflt_y'}", "'abc::x'")
-        expect(resources).to include('dflt_x_dflt_y')
-      end
-
-      it 'can return undef from block' do
-        resources = assemble_and_compile_with_block('${r}', 'undef', "'abc::x'")
-        expect(resources).to include('no_value')
-      end
-
-      it 'fails unless block returns an instance of value_type' do
-        expect do
-          assemble_and_compile_with_block('${r[a]}_${r[b]}', "{'a' => 'dflt_x', 'b' => 32}", "'abc::x'", 'Hash[String,String]')
-        end.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError,
-          /Value returned from default block has wrong type, entry 'b' expects a String value, got Integer/)
-      end
-
-      it 'receives a single name parameter' do
-        resources = assemble_and_compile_with_block('${r}', 'true', "'name_x'")
-        expect(resources).to include('name_x')
-      end
-
-      it 'receives an array name parameter' do
-        resources = assemble_and_compile_with_block('${r[0]}_${r[1]}', 'true', "['name_x', 'name_y']")
-        expect(resources).to include('name_x_name_y')
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  context 'and using dotted keys' do
-    it 'can access values in data using dot notation' do
-      source = <<-PUPPET
-        function environment::data() {
-          { a => { b => { c => 'the data' }}}
-        }
-        notice(lookup('a.b.c'))
-      PUPPET
-      expect(eval_and_collect_notices(source)).to include('the data')
-    end
-
-    it 'can find data using quoted dot notation' do
-      source = <<-PUPPET
-        function environment::data() {
-          { 'a.b.c' => 'the data' }
-        }
-        notice(lookup('"a.b.c"'))
-      PUPPET
-      expect(eval_and_collect_notices(source)).to include('the data')
-    end
-
-    it 'can access values in data using a mix of dot notation and quoted dot notation' do
-      source = <<-PUPPET
-        function environment::data() {
-          { 'a' => { 'b.c' => 'the data' }}
-        }
-        notice(lookup('a."b.c"'))
-      PUPPET
-      expect(eval_and_collect_notices(source)).to include('the data')
-    end
-  end
-
-  context 'passing a hash as the only parameter' do
-    it 'can pass a single name correctly' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "{name => 'abc::a'}")
-      expect(resources).to include('env_a')
-    end
-
-    it 'can pass a an array of names correctly' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "{name => ['abc::b', 'abc::a']}")
-      expect(resources).to include('module_b')
-    end
-
-    it 'can pass an override map and find values there even though they would be found' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "{name => 'abc::a', override => { abc::a => 'override_a'}}")
-      expect(resources).to include('override_a')
-    end
-
-    it 'can pass an default_values_hash and find values there correctly' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "{name => 'abc::x', default_values_hash => { abc::x => 'extra_x'}}")
-      expect(resources).to include('extra_x')
-    end
-
-    it 'can pass an default_values_hash but not use it when value is found elsewhere' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "{name => 'abc::a', default_values_hash => { abc::a => 'extra_a'}}")
-      expect(resources).to include('env_a')
-    end
-
-    it 'can pass an default_values_hash but not use it when value is found elsewhere even when found value is undef' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "{name => 'abc::n', default_values_hash => { abc::n => 'extra_n'}}")
-      expect(resources).to include('no_value')
-    end
-
-    it 'can pass an override and an default_values_hash and find the override value' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "{name => 'abc::x', override => { abc::x => 'override_x'}, default_values_hash => { abc::x => 'extra_x'}}")
-      expect(resources).to include('override_x')
-    end
-
-    it 'will raise an exception when value is not found for single key and no default is provided' do
-      expect do
-        assemble_and_compile('${r}', "{name => 'abc::x'}")
-      end.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /did not find a value for the name 'abc::x'/)
-    end
-
-    it 'will not raise an exception when value is not found default value is nil' do
-      resources = assemble_and_compile('${r}', "{name => 'abc::x', default_value => undef}")
-      expect(resources).to include('no_value')
-    end
-  end
-
-  context 'accessing from outside a module' do
-    it 'will both log a warning and raise an exception when key in the function provided module data is not prefixed' do
-      logs = []
-      Puppet::Util::Log.with_destination(Puppet::Test::LogCollector.new(logs)) do
-        Puppet[:code] = "include bad_data\nlookup('bad_data::b')"
-        expect { compiler.compile }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /did not find a value for the name 'bad_data::b'/)
-      end
-      warnings = logs.select { |log| log.level == :warning }.map { |log| log.message }
-      expect(warnings).to include("Module 'bad_data': Value returned from deprecated API function 'bad_data::data' must use keys qualified with the name of the module")
-    end
-
-    it 'will succeed finding prefixed keys even when a key in the function provided module data is not prefixed' do
-      logs = []
-      resources = nil
-      Puppet::Util::Log.with_destination(Puppet::Test::LogCollector.new(logs)) do
-        resources = compile_and_get_notifications(<<-PUPPET.unindent)
-          include bad_data
-          notify { lookup('bad_data::c'): }
-        PUPPET
-        expect(resources).to include('module_c')
-      end
-      warnings = logs.select { |log| log.level == :warning }.map { |log| log.message }
-      expect(warnings).to include("Module 'bad_data': Value returned from deprecated API function 'bad_data::data' must use keys qualified with the name of the module")
-    end
-
-    it 'will resolve global, environment, and module correctly' do
-      Puppet.settings[:hiera_config] = File.join(my_fixture_dir, 'hiera.yaml')
-      resources = compile_and_get_notifications(<<-PUPPET.unindent)
-        include bca
-        $r = lookup(bca::e, Hash[String,String], hash)
-        notify { "${r[k1]}_${r[k2]}_${r[k3]}": }
-      PUPPET
-      expect(resources).to include('global_e1_module_bca_e2_env_bca_e3')
-    end
-
-    it 'will resolve global and environment correctly when module has no provider' do
-      Puppet.settings[:hiera_config] = File.join(my_fixture_dir, 'hiera.yaml')
-      resources = compile_and_get_notifications(<<-PUPPET.unindent)
-        include no_provider
-        $r = lookup(no_provider::e, Hash[String,String], hash)
-        notify { "${r[k1]}_${r[k2]}_${r[k3]}": }
-      PUPPET
-      expect(resources).to include('global_e1__env_no_provider_e3') # k2 is missing
-    end
-  end
-
-  context 'accessing bad data' do
-    it 'a warning will be logged when key in the function provided module data is not prefixed' do
-      Puppet[:code] = "include bad_data\nlookup('bad_data::c')"
-      logs = []
-      Puppet::Util::Log.with_destination(Puppet::Test::LogCollector.new(logs)) do
-        compiler.compile
-      end
-      warnings = logs.select { |log| log.level == :warning }.map { |log| log.message }
-      expect(warnings).to include("Module 'bad_data': Value returned from deprecated API function 'bad_data::data' must use keys qualified with the name of the module")
-    end
-
-    it 'a warning will be logged when key in the hiera provided module data is not prefixed' do
-      Puppet[:code] = "include hieraprovider\nlookup('hieraprovider::test::param_a')"
-      logs = []
-      Puppet::Util::Log.with_destination(Puppet::Test::LogCollector.new(logs)) do
-        compiler.compile
-      end
-      warnings = logs.select { |log| log.level == :warning }.map { |log| log.message }
-      expect(warnings).to include("Module 'hieraprovider': Value returned from data_hash function 'json_data', when using location '#{environmentpath}/production/modules/hieraprovider/data/first.json', must use keys qualified with the name of the module")
-    end
-  end
-
-  context 'accessing empty files' do
-    # An empty YAML file is OK and should be treated as a file that contains no keys
-    it "will fail normally with a 'did not find a value' error when a yaml file is empty" do
-      Puppet[:code] = "include empty_yaml\nlookup('empty_yaml::a')"
-      expect { compiler.compile }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /did not find a value for the name 'empty_yaml::a'/)
-    end
-
-    # An empty JSON file is not OK. Should yield a parse error
-    it "will fail with a LookupError indicating a parser failure when a json file is empty" do
-      Puppet[:code] = "include empty_json\nlookup('empty_json::a')"
-      expect { compiler.compile }.to raise_error(Puppet::DataBinding::LookupError, /Unable to parse/)
-    end
-  end
-
-  context 'accessing nil values' do
-    it 'will find a key with undef value in a yaml file' do
-      Puppet[:code] = 'include empty_key_yaml'
-      compiler.compile do |catalog|
-        lookup_invocation = Puppet::Pops::Lookup::Invocation.new(compiler.topscope, {}, {}, true)
-        begin
-          Puppet::Pops::Lookup.lookup('empty_key_yaml::has_undef_value', nil, nil, false, nil, lookup_invocation)
-        rescue Puppet::Error
-        end
-        expect(lookup_invocation.explainer.explain).to include(<<-EOS.unindent('      '))
-          Path "#{environmentpath}/production/modules/empty_key_yaml/data/empty_key.yaml"
-            Original path: "empty_key"
-            Found key: "empty_key_yaml::has_undef_value" value: nil
-        EOS
-      end
-    end
-
-    it 'will find a key with undef value in a json file' do
-      Puppet[:code] = 'include empty_key_json'
-      compiler.compile do |catalog|
-        lookup_invocation = Puppet::Pops::Lookup::Invocation.new(compiler.topscope, {}, {}, true)
-        begin
-          Puppet::Pops::Lookup.lookup('empty_key_json::has_undef_value', nil, nil, false, nil, lookup_invocation)
-        rescue Puppet::Error
-        end
-        expect(lookup_invocation.explainer.explain).to include(<<-EOS.unindent('      '))
-          Path "#{environmentpath}/production/modules/empty_key_json/data/empty_key.json"
-            Original path: "empty_key"
-            Found key: "empty_key_json::has_undef_value" value: nil
-        EOS
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  context 'using explain' do
-    it 'will explain that module is not found' do
-      Puppet[:code] = 'undef'
-      compiler.compile do |catalog|
-        lookup_invocation = Puppet::Pops::Lookup::Invocation.new(compiler.topscope, {}, {}, true)
-        begin
-          Puppet::Pops::Lookup.lookup('ppx::e', nil, nil, false, nil, lookup_invocation)
-        rescue Puppet::Error
-        end
-        expect(lookup_invocation.explainer.explain).to include('Module "ppx" not found')
-      end
-    end
-
-    it 'will explain that module does not find a key' do
-      Puppet[:code] = 'undef'
-      compiler.compile do |catalog|
-        lookup_invocation = Puppet::Pops::Lookup::Invocation.new(compiler.topscope, {}, {}, true)
-        begin
-          Puppet::Pops::Lookup.lookup('abc::x', nil, nil, false, nil, lookup_invocation)
-        rescue Puppet::Error
-        end
-        expect(lookup_invocation.explainer.explain).to include(<<-EOS.unindent('  '))
-          Module "abc" Data Provider (hiera configuration version 5)
-            Deprecated API function "abc::data"
-              No such key: "abc::x"
-        EOS
-      end
-    end
-
-    it 'will explain deep merge results without options' do
-      assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::a'") do |scope|
-        lookup_invocation = Puppet::Pops::Lookup::Invocation.new(scope, {}, {}, true)
-        Puppet::Pops::Lookup.lookup('abc::e', Puppet::Pops::Types::TypeParser.singleton.parse('Hash[String,String]'), nil, false, 'deep', lookup_invocation)
-        expect(lookup_invocation.explainer.explain).to eq(<<-EOS.unindent)
-          Searching for "abc::e"
-            Merge strategy deep
-              Global Data Provider (hiera configuration version 5)
-                No such key: "abc::e"
-              Environment Data Provider (hiera configuration version 5)
-                Deprecated API function "environment::data"
-                  Found key: "abc::e" value: {
-                    "k1" => "env_e1",
-                    "k3" => "env_e3"
-                  }
-              Module "abc" Data Provider (hiera configuration version 5)
-                Deprecated API function "abc::data"
-                  Found key: "abc::e" value: {
-                    "k1" => "module_e1",
-                    "k2" => "module_e2"
-                  }
-              Merged result: {
-                "k1" => "env_e1",
-                "k2" => "module_e2",
-                "k3" => "env_e3"
-              }
-        EOS
-      end
-    end
-
-    it 'will explain deep merge results with options' do
-      assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::a'") do |scope|
-        lookup_invocation = Puppet::Pops::Lookup::Invocation.new(scope, {}, {}, true)
-        Puppet::Pops::Lookup.lookup('abc::e', Puppet::Pops::Types::TypeParser.singleton.parse('Hash[String,String]'), nil, false, { 'strategy' => 'deep', 'merge_hash_arrays' => true }, lookup_invocation)
-        expect(lookup_invocation.explainer.explain).to include(<<-EOS.unindent('  '))
-          Merge strategy deep
-            Options: {
-              "merge_hash_arrays" => true
-            }
-        EOS
-      end
-    end
-
-    it 'will handle merge when no entries are not found' do
-      assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'hieraprovider::test::param_a'") do |scope|
-        lookup_invocation = Puppet::Pops::Lookup::Invocation.new(scope, {}, {}, true)
-        begin
-          Puppet::Pops::Lookup.lookup('hieraprovider::test::not_found', nil, nil, false, 'deep', lookup_invocation)
-        rescue Puppet::DataBinding::LookupError
-        end
-        expect(lookup_invocation.explainer.explain).to eq(<<-EOS.unindent)
-          Searching for "hieraprovider::test::not_found"
-            Merge strategy deep
-              Global Data Provider (hiera configuration version 5)
-                No such key: "hieraprovider::test::not_found"
-              Environment Data Provider (hiera configuration version 5)
-                Deprecated API function "environment::data"
-                  No such key: "hieraprovider::test::not_found"
-              Module "hieraprovider" Data Provider (hiera configuration version 4)
-                Using configuration "#{environmentpath}/production/modules/hieraprovider/hiera.yaml"
-                Hierarchy entry "two paths"
-                  Merge strategy deep
-                    Path "#{environmentpath}/production/modules/hieraprovider/data/first.json"
-                      Original path: "first"
-                      No such key: "hieraprovider::test::not_found"
-                    Path "#{environmentpath}/production/modules/hieraprovider/data/second_not_present.json"
-                      Original path: "second_not_present"
-                      Path not found
-        EOS
-      end
-    end
-
-    it 'will explain value access caused by dot notation in key' do
-      assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::a'") do |scope|
-        lookup_invocation = Puppet::Pops::Lookup::Invocation.new(scope, {}, {}, true)
-        Puppet::Pops::Lookup.lookup('abc::f.k1.s1', Puppet::Pops::Types::TypeParser.singleton.parse('String'), nil, false, nil, lookup_invocation)
-        expect(lookup_invocation.explainer.explain).to include(<<-EOS.unindent('  '))
-          Sub key: "k1.s1"
-            Found key: "k1" value: {
-              "s1" => "env_f11",
-              "s2" => "env_f12"
-            }
-            Found key: "s1" value: "env_f11"
-        EOS
-      end
-    end
-
-
-    it 'will provide a hash containing all explanation elements' do
-      assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::a'") do |scope|
-        lookup_invocation = Puppet::Pops::Lookup::Invocation.new(scope, {}, {}, true)
-        Puppet::Pops::Lookup.lookup('abc::e', Puppet::Pops::Types::TypeParser.singleton.parse('Hash[String,String]'), nil, false, { 'strategy' => 'deep', 'merge_hash_arrays' => true }, lookup_invocation)
-        expect(lookup_invocation.explainer.to_hash).to eq(
-          {
-            :type => :root,
-            :key => 'abc::e',
-            :branches => [
-              {
-                :value => { 'k1' => 'env_e1', 'k2' => 'module_e2', 'k3' => 'env_e3' },
-                :event => :result,
-                :merge => :deep,
-                :options => { 'merge_hash_arrays' => true },
-                :type => :merge,
-                :branches => [
-                  {
-                    :key => 'abc::e',
-                    :event => :not_found,
-                    :type => :data_provider,
-                    :name => 'Global Data Provider (hiera configuration version 5)'
-                  },
-                  {
-                    :type => :data_provider,
-                    :name => 'Environment Data Provider (hiera configuration version 5)',
-                    :branches => [
-                      {
-                        :type => :data_provider,
-                        :name => 'Deprecated API function "environment::data"',
-                        :key => 'abc::e',
-                        :value => { 'k1' => 'env_e1', 'k3' => 'env_e3' },
-                        :event => :found
-                      }
-                    ]
-                  },
-                  {
-                    :type => :data_provider,
-                    :name => 'Module "abc" Data Provider (hiera configuration version 5)',
-                    :module => 'abc',
-                    :branches => [
-                      {
-                        :type => :data_provider,
-                        :name => 'Deprecated API function "abc::data"',
-                        :key => 'abc::e',
-                        :event => :found,
-                        :value => {
-                          'k1' => 'module_e1',
-                          'k2' => 'module_e2'
-                        }
-                      }
-                    ]
-                  }
-                ]
-              }
-            ]
-          }
-        )
-      end
-    end
-
-    it 'will explain that "lookup_options" is an invalid key' do
-      assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::a'") do |scope|
-        lookup_invocation = Puppet::Pops::Lookup::Invocation.new(scope, {}, {}, true)
-        begin
-          Puppet::Pops::Lookup.lookup('lookup_options', nil, nil, false, nil, lookup_invocation)
-        rescue Puppet::Error
-        end
-        expect(lookup_invocation.explainer.explain.chomp).to eq('Invalid key "lookup_options"')
-      end
-    end
-
-    it 'will explain that "lookup_options" is an invalid key for any key starting with "lookup_options."' do
-      assemble_and_compile('${r}', "'abc::a'") do |scope|
-        lookup_invocation = Puppet::Pops::Lookup::Invocation.new(scope, {}, {}, true)
-        begin
-          Puppet::Pops::Lookup.lookup('lookup_options.subkey', nil, nil, false, nil, lookup_invocation)
-        rescue Puppet::Error
-        end
-        expect(lookup_invocation.explainer.explain.chomp).to eq('Invalid key "lookup_options"')
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end