puppet 8.3.1-universal-darwin → 8.5.0-universal-darwin

data/lib/puppet/util/command_line/trollop.rb

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 ## lib/trollop.rb -- trollop command-line processing library
 ## Author::    William Morgan (mailto: wmorgan-trollop@masanjin.net)
 ## Copyright:: Copyright 2007 William Morgan
@@ -16,811 +17,817 @@ require 'date'
 module Puppet
 module Util
 class CommandLine
-module Trollop
-
-VERSION = "1.16.2"
+  module Trollop
+  VERSION = "1.16.2"
 
-## Thrown by Parser in the event of a commandline error. Not needed if
-## you're using the Trollop::options entry.
-class CommandlineError < StandardError; end
+  ## Thrown by Parser in the event of a commandline error. Not needed if
+  ## you're using the Trollop::options entry.
+  class CommandlineError < StandardError; end
 
-## Thrown by Parser if the user passes in '-h' or '--help'. Handled
-## automatically by Trollop#options.
-class HelpNeeded < StandardError; end
+  ## Thrown by Parser if the user passes in '-h' or '--help'. Handled
+  ## automatically by Trollop#options.
+  class HelpNeeded < StandardError; end
 
-## Thrown by Parser if the user passes in '-h' or '--version'. Handled
-## automatically by Trollop#options.
-class VersionNeeded < StandardError; end
+  ## Thrown by Parser if the user passes in '-h' or '--version'. Handled
+  ## automatically by Trollop#options.
+  class VersionNeeded < StandardError; end
 
-## Regex for floating point numbers
-FLOAT_RE = /^-?((\d+(\.\d+)?)|(\.\d+))([eE][-+]?[\d]+)?$/
+  ## Regex for floating point numbers
+  FLOAT_RE = /^-?((\d+(\.\d+)?)|(\.\d+))([eE][-+]?[\d]+)?$/
 
-## Regex for parameters
-PARAM_RE = /^-(-|\.$|[^\d\.])/
+  ## Regex for parameters
+  PARAM_RE = /^-(-|\.$|[^\d\.])/
 
-## The commandline parser. In typical usage, the methods in this class
-## will be handled internally by Trollop::options. In this case, only the
-## #opt, #banner and #version, #depends, and #conflicts methods will
-## typically be called.
-##
-## If you want to instantiate this class yourself (for more complicated
-## argument-parsing logic), call #parse to actually produce the output hash,
-## and consider calling it from within
-## Trollop::with_standard_exception_handling.
-class Parser
-
-  ## The set of values that indicate a flag option when passed as the
-  ## +:type+ parameter of #opt.
-  FLAG_TYPES = [:flag, :bool, :boolean]
-
-  ## The set of values that indicate a single-parameter (normal) option when
-  ## passed as the +:type+ parameter of #opt.
+  ## The commandline parser. In typical usage, the methods in this class
+  ## will be handled internally by Trollop::options. In this case, only the
+  ## #opt, #banner and #version, #depends, and #conflicts methods will
+  ## typically be called.
   ##
-  ## A value of +io+ corresponds to a readable IO resource, including
-  ## a filename, URI, or the strings 'stdin' or '-'.
-  SINGLE_ARG_TYPES = [:int, :integer, :string, :double, :float, :io, :date]
-
-  ## The set of values that indicate a multiple-parameter option (i.e., that
-  ## takes multiple space-separated values on the commandline) when passed as
-  ## the +:type+ parameter of #opt.
-  MULTI_ARG_TYPES = [:ints, :integers, :strings, :doubles, :floats, :ios, :dates]
-
-  ## The complete set of legal values for the +:type+ parameter of #opt.
-  TYPES = FLAG_TYPES + SINGLE_ARG_TYPES + MULTI_ARG_TYPES
-
-  INVALID_SHORT_ARG_REGEX = /[\d-]/ #:nodoc:
-
-  ## The values from the commandline that were not interpreted by #parse.
-  attr_reader :leftovers
-
-  ## The complete configuration hashes for each option. (Mainly useful
-  ## for testing.)
-  attr_reader :specs
-
-  ## A flag that determines whether or not to attempt to automatically generate "short" options if they are not
-  ##  explicitly specified.
-  attr_accessor :create_default_short_options
-
-  ## A flag that determines whether or not to raise an error if the parser is passed one or more
-  ##  options that were not registered ahead of time.  If 'true', then the parser will simply
-  ##  ignore options that it does not recognize.
-  attr_accessor :ignore_invalid_options
-
-  ## A flag indicating whether or not the parser should attempt to handle "--help" and
-  ##  "--version" specially.  If 'false', it will treat them just like any other option.
-  attr_accessor :handle_help_and_version
-
-  ## Initializes the parser, and instance-evaluates any block given.
-  def initialize *a, &b
-    @version = nil
-    @leftovers = []
-    @specs = {}
-    @long = {}
-    @short = {}
-    @order = []
-    @constraints = []
-    @stop_words = []
-    @stop_on_unknown = false
-
-    #instance_eval(&b) if b # can't take arguments
-    cloaker(&b).bind(self).call(*a) if b
-  end
+  ## If you want to instantiate this class yourself (for more complicated
+  ## argument-parsing logic), call #parse to actually produce the output hash,
+  ## and consider calling it from within
+  ## Trollop::with_standard_exception_handling.
+  class Parser
+    ## The set of values that indicate a flag option when passed as the
+    ## +:type+ parameter of #opt.
+    FLAG_TYPES = [:flag, :bool, :boolean]
+
+    ## The set of values that indicate a single-parameter (normal) option when
+    ## passed as the +:type+ parameter of #opt.
+    ##
+    ## A value of +io+ corresponds to a readable IO resource, including
+    ## a filename, URI, or the strings 'stdin' or '-'.
+    SINGLE_ARG_TYPES = [:int, :integer, :string, :double, :float, :io, :date]
+
+    ## The set of values that indicate a multiple-parameter option (i.e., that
+    ## takes multiple space-separated values on the commandline) when passed as
+    ## the +:type+ parameter of #opt.
+    MULTI_ARG_TYPES = [:ints, :integers, :strings, :doubles, :floats, :ios, :dates]
+
+    ## The complete set of legal values for the +:type+ parameter of #opt.
+    TYPES = FLAG_TYPES + SINGLE_ARG_TYPES + MULTI_ARG_TYPES
+
+    INVALID_SHORT_ARG_REGEX = /[\d-]/ # :nodoc:
+
+    ## The values from the commandline that were not interpreted by #parse.
+    attr_reader :leftovers
+
+    ## The complete configuration hashes for each option. (Mainly useful
+    ## for testing.)
+    attr_reader :specs
+
+    ## A flag that determines whether or not to attempt to automatically generate "short" options if they are not
+    ##  explicitly specified.
+    attr_accessor :create_default_short_options
+
+    ## A flag that determines whether or not to raise an error if the parser is passed one or more
+    ##  options that were not registered ahead of time.  If 'true', then the parser will simply
+    ##  ignore options that it does not recognize.
+    attr_accessor :ignore_invalid_options
+
+    ## A flag indicating whether or not the parser should attempt to handle "--help" and
+    ##  "--version" specially.  If 'false', it will treat them just like any other option.
+    attr_accessor :handle_help_and_version
+
+    ## Initializes the parser, and instance-evaluates any block given.
+    def initialize *a, &b
+      @version = nil
+      @leftovers = []
+      @specs = {}
+      @long = {}
+      @short = {}
+      @order = []
+      @constraints = []
+      @stop_words = []
+      @stop_on_unknown = false
+
+      # instance_eval(&b) if b # can't take arguments
+      cloaker(&b).bind_call(self, *a) if b
+    end
 
-  ## Define an option. +name+ is the option name, a unique identifier
-  ## for the option that you will use internally, which should be a
-  ## symbol or a string. +desc+ is a string description which will be
-  ## displayed in help messages.
-  ##
-  ## Takes the following optional arguments:
-  ##
-  ## [+:long+] Specify the long form of the argument, i.e. the form with two dashes. If unspecified, will be automatically derived based on the argument name by turning the +name+ option into a string, and replacing any _'s by -'s.
-  ## [+:short+] Specify the short form of the argument, i.e. the form with one dash. If unspecified, will be automatically derived from +name+.
-  ## [+:type+] Require that the argument take a parameter or parameters of type +type+. For a single parameter, the value can be a member of +SINGLE_ARG_TYPES+, or a corresponding Ruby class (e.g. +Integer+ for +:int+). For multiple-argument parameters, the value can be any member of +MULTI_ARG_TYPES+ constant. If unset, the default argument type is +:flag+, meaning that the argument does not take a parameter. The specification of +:type+ is not necessary if a +:default+ is given.
-  ## [+:default+] Set the default value for an argument. Without a default value, the hash returned by #parse (and thus Trollop::options) will have a +nil+ value for this key unless the argument is given on the commandline. The argument type is derived automatically from the class of the default value given, so specifying a +:type+ is not necessary if a +:default+ is given. (But see below for an important caveat when +:multi+: is specified too.) If the argument is a flag, and the default is set to +true+, then if it is specified on the commandline the value will be +false+.
-  ## [+:required+] If set to +true+, the argument must be provided on the commandline.
-  ## [+:multi+] If set to +true+, allows multiple occurrences of the option on the commandline. Otherwise, only a single instance of the option is allowed. (Note that this is different from taking multiple parameters. See below.)
-  ##
-  ## Note that there are two types of argument multiplicity: an argument
-  ## can take multiple values, e.g. "--arg 1 2 3". An argument can also
-  ## be allowed to occur multiple times, e.g. "--arg 1 --arg 2".
-  ##
-  ## Arguments that take multiple values should have a +:type+ parameter
-  ## drawn from +MULTI_ARG_TYPES+ (e.g. +:strings+), or a +:default:+
-  ## value of an array of the correct type (e.g. [String]). The
-  ## value of this argument will be an array of the parameters on the
-  ## commandline.
-  ##
-  ## Arguments that can occur multiple times should be marked with
-  ## +:multi+ => +true+. The value of this argument will also be an array.
-  ## In contrast with regular non-multi options, if not specified on
-  ## the commandline, the default value will be [], not nil.
-  ##
-  ## These two attributes can be combined (e.g. +:type+ => +:strings+,
-  ## +:multi+ => +true+), in which case the value of the argument will be
-  ## an array of arrays.
-  ##
-  ## There's one ambiguous case to be aware of: when +:multi+: is true and a
-  ## +:default+ is set to an array (of something), it's ambiguous whether this
-  ## is a multi-value argument as well as a multi-occurrence argument.
-  ## In this case, Trollop assumes that it's not a multi-value argument.
-  ## If you want a multi-value, multi-occurrence argument with a default
-  ## value, you must specify +:type+ as well.
-
-  def opt name, desc="", opts={}
-    raise ArgumentError, _("you already have an argument named '%{name}'") % { name: name } if @specs.member? name
-
-    ## fill in :type
-    opts[:type] = # normalize
-      case opts[:type]
-      when :boolean, :bool; :flag
-      when :integer; :int
-      when :integers; :ints
-      when :double; :float
-      when :doubles; :floats
-      when Class
-        case opts[:type].name
-        when 'TrueClass', 'FalseClass'; :flag
-        when 'String'; :string
-        when 'Integer'; :int
-        when 'Float'; :float
-        when 'IO'; :io
-        when 'Date'; :date
+    ## Define an option. +name+ is the option name, a unique identifier
+    ## for the option that you will use internally, which should be a
+    ## symbol or a string. +desc+ is a string description which will be
+    ## displayed in help messages.
+    ##
+    ## Takes the following optional arguments:
+    ##
+    ## [+:long+] Specify the long form of the argument, i.e. the form with two dashes. If unspecified, will be automatically derived based on the argument name by turning the +name+ option into a string, and replacing any _'s by -'s.
+    ## [+:short+] Specify the short form of the argument, i.e. the form with one dash. If unspecified, will be automatically derived from +name+.
+    ## [+:type+] Require that the argument take a parameter or parameters of type +type+. For a single parameter, the value can be a member of +SINGLE_ARG_TYPES+, or a corresponding Ruby class (e.g. +Integer+ for +:int+). For multiple-argument parameters, the value can be any member of +MULTI_ARG_TYPES+ constant. If unset, the default argument type is +:flag+, meaning that the argument does not take a parameter. The specification of +:type+ is not necessary if a +:default+ is given.
+    ## [+:default+] Set the default value for an argument. Without a default value, the hash returned by #parse (and thus Trollop::options) will have a +nil+ value for this key unless the argument is given on the commandline. The argument type is derived automatically from the class of the default value given, so specifying a +:type+ is not necessary if a +:default+ is given. (But see below for an important caveat when +:multi+: is specified too.) If the argument is a flag, and the default is set to +true+, then if it is specified on the commandline the value will be +false+.
+    ## [+:required+] If set to +true+, the argument must be provided on the commandline.
+    ## [+:multi+] If set to +true+, allows multiple occurrences of the option on the commandline. Otherwise, only a single instance of the option is allowed. (Note that this is different from taking multiple parameters. See below.)
+    ##
+    ## Note that there are two types of argument multiplicity: an argument
+    ## can take multiple values, e.g. "--arg 1 2 3". An argument can also
+    ## be allowed to occur multiple times, e.g. "--arg 1 --arg 2".
+    ##
+    ## Arguments that take multiple values should have a +:type+ parameter
+    ## drawn from +MULTI_ARG_TYPES+ (e.g. +:strings+), or a +:default:+
+    ## value of an array of the correct type (e.g. [String]). The
+    ## value of this argument will be an array of the parameters on the
+    ## commandline.
+    ##
+    ## Arguments that can occur multiple times should be marked with
+    ## +:multi+ => +true+. The value of this argument will also be an array.
+    ## In contrast with regular non-multi options, if not specified on
+    ## the commandline, the default value will be [], not nil.
+    ##
+    ## These two attributes can be combined (e.g. +:type+ => +:strings+,
+    ## +:multi+ => +true+), in which case the value of the argument will be
+    ## an array of arrays.
+    ##
+    ## There's one ambiguous case to be aware of: when +:multi+: is true and a
+    ## +:default+ is set to an array (of something), it's ambiguous whether this
+    ## is a multi-value argument as well as a multi-occurrence argument.
+    ## In this case, Trollop assumes that it's not a multi-value argument.
+    ## If you want a multi-value, multi-occurrence argument with a default
+    ## value, you must specify +:type+ as well.
+
+    def opt name, desc = "", opts = {}
+      raise ArgumentError, _("you already have an argument named '%{name}'") % { name: name } if @specs.member? name
+
+      ## fill in :type
+      opts[:type] = # normalize
+        case opts[:type]
+        when :boolean, :bool; :flag
+        when :integer; :int
+        when :integers; :ints
+        when :double; :float
+        when :doubles; :floats
+        when Class
+          case opts[:type].name
+          when 'TrueClass', 'FalseClass'; :flag
+          when 'String'; :string
+          when 'Integer'; :int
+          when 'Float'; :float
+          when 'IO'; :io
+          when 'Date'; :date
+          else
+            raise ArgumentError, _("unsupported argument type '%{type}'") % { type: opts[:type].class.name }
+          end
+        when nil; nil
         else
-          raise ArgumentError, _("unsupported argument type '%{type}'") % { type: opts[:type].class.name }
-        end
-      when nil; nil
-      else
-        raise ArgumentError, _("unsupported argument type '%{type}'") % { type: opts[:type] } unless TYPES.include?(opts[:type])
-        opts[:type]
-      end
-
-    ## for options with :multi => true, an array default doesn't imply
-    ## a multi-valued argument. for that you have to specify a :type
-    ## as well. (this is how we disambiguate an ambiguous situation;
-    ## see the docs for Parser#opt for details.)
-    disambiguated_default =
-      if opts[:multi] && opts[:default].is_a?(Array) && !opts[:type]
-        opts[:default].first
-      else
-        opts[:default]
-      end
+          raise ArgumentError, _("unsupported argument type '%{type}'") % { type: opts[:type] } unless TYPES.include?(opts[:type])
 
-    type_from_default =
-      case disambiguated_default
-      when Integer; :int
-      when Numeric; :float
-      when TrueClass, FalseClass; :flag
-      when String; :string
-      when IO; :io
-      when Date; :date
-      when Array
-        if opts[:default].empty?
-          raise ArgumentError, _("multiple argument type cannot be deduced from an empty array for '%{value0}'") % { value0: opts[:default][0].class.name }
+          opts[:type]
         end
-        case opts[:default][0]    # the first element determines the types
-        when Integer; :ints
-        when Numeric; :floats
-        when String; :strings
-        when IO; :ios
-        when Date; :dates
+
+      ## for options with :multi => true, an array default doesn't imply
+      ## a multi-valued argument. for that you have to specify a :type
+      ## as well. (this is how we disambiguate an ambiguous situation;
+      ## see the docs for Parser#opt for details.)
+      disambiguated_default =
+        if opts[:multi] && opts[:default].is_a?(Array) && !opts[:type]
+          opts[:default].first
         else
-          raise ArgumentError, _("unsupported multiple argument type '%{value0}'") % { value0: opts[:default][0].class.name }
+          opts[:default]
         end
-      when nil; nil
-      else
-        raise ArgumentError, _("unsupported argument type '%{value0}'") % { value0: opts[:default].class.name }
-      end
 
-    raise ArgumentError, _(":type specification and default type don't match (default type is %{type_from_default})") % { type_from_default: type_from_default } if opts[:type] && type_from_default && opts[:type] != type_from_default
+      type_from_default =
+        case disambiguated_default
+        when Integer; :int
+        when Numeric; :float
+        when TrueClass, FalseClass; :flag
+        when String; :string
+        when IO; :io
+        when Date; :date
+        when Array
+          if opts[:default].empty?
+            raise ArgumentError, _("multiple argument type cannot be deduced from an empty array for '%{value0}'") % { value0: opts[:default][0].class.name }
+          end
 
-    opts[:type] = opts[:type] || type_from_default || :flag
+          case opts[:default][0] # the first element determines the types
+          when Integer; :ints
+          when Numeric; :floats
+          when String; :strings
+          when IO; :ios
+          when Date; :dates
+          else
+            raise ArgumentError, _("unsupported multiple argument type '%{value0}'") % { value0: opts[:default][0].class.name }
+          end
+        when nil; nil
+        else
+          raise ArgumentError, _("unsupported argument type '%{value0}'") % { value0: opts[:default].class.name }
+        end
 
-    ## fill in :long
-    opts[:long] = opts[:long] ? opts[:long].to_s : name.to_s.tr("_", "-")
-    opts[:long] =
-      case opts[:long]
-      when /^--([^-].*)$/
-        $1
-      when /^[^-]/
-        opts[:long]
-      else
-        raise ArgumentError, _("invalid long option name %{name}") % { name: opts[:long].inspect }
-      end
-    raise ArgumentError, _("long option name %{value0} is already taken; please specify a (different) :long") % { value0: opts[:long].inspect } if @long[opts[:long]]
-
-    ## fill in :short
-    opts[:short] = opts[:short].to_s if opts[:short] unless opts[:short] == :none
-    opts[:short] = case opts[:short]
-      when /^-(.)$/; $1
-      when nil, :none, /^.$/; opts[:short]
-      else raise ArgumentError, _("invalid short option name '%{name}'") % { name: opts[:short].inspect }
-    end
+      raise ArgumentError, _(":type specification and default type don't match (default type is %{type_from_default})") % { type_from_default: type_from_default } if opts[:type] && type_from_default && opts[:type] != type_from_default
 
-    if opts[:short]
-      raise ArgumentError, _("short option name %{value0} is already taken; please specify a (different) :short") % { value0: opts[:short].inspect } if @short[opts[:short]]
-      raise ArgumentError, _("a short option name can't be a number or a dash") if opts[:short] =~ INVALID_SHORT_ARG_REGEX
-    end
+      opts[:type] = opts[:type] || type_from_default || :flag
 
-    ## fill in :default for flags
-    opts[:default] = false if opts[:type] == :flag && opts[:default].nil?
+      ## fill in :long
+      opts[:long] = opts[:long] ? opts[:long].to_s : name.to_s.tr("_", "-")
+      opts[:long] =
+        case opts[:long]
+        when /^--([^-].*)$/
+          $1
+        when /^[^-]/
+          opts[:long]
+        else
+          raise ArgumentError, _("invalid long option name %{name}") % { name: opts[:long].inspect }
+        end
+      raise ArgumentError, _("long option name %{value0} is already taken; please specify a (different) :long") % { value0: opts[:long].inspect } if @long[opts[:long]]
 
-    ## autobox :default for :multi (multi-occurrence) arguments
-    opts[:default] = [opts[:default]] if opts[:default] && opts[:multi] && !opts[:default].is_a?(Array)
+      ## fill in :short
+      unless opts[:short] == :none
+        opts[:short] = opts[:short].to_s if opts[:short]
+      end
+      opts[:short] = case opts[:short]
+                     when /^-(.)$/; $1
+                     when nil, :none, /^.$/; opts[:short]
+                     else raise ArgumentError, _("invalid short option name '%{name}'") % { name: opts[:short].inspect }
+                     end
+
+      if opts[:short]
+        raise ArgumentError, _("short option name %{value0} is already taken; please specify a (different) :short") % { value0: opts[:short].inspect } if @short[opts[:short]]
+        raise ArgumentError, _("a short option name can't be a number or a dash") if opts[:short] =~ INVALID_SHORT_ARG_REGEX
+      end
 
-    ## fill in :multi
-    opts[:multi] ||= false
+      ## fill in :default for flags
+      opts[:default] = false if opts[:type] == :flag && opts[:default].nil?
 
-    opts[:desc] ||= desc
-    @long[opts[:long]] = name
-    @short[opts[:short]] = name if opts[:short] && opts[:short] != :none
-    @specs[name] = opts
-    @order << [:opt, name]
-  end
+      ## autobox :default for :multi (multi-occurrence) arguments
+      opts[:default] = [opts[:default]] if opts[:default] && opts[:multi] && !opts[:default].is_a?(Array)
 
-  ## Sets the version string. If set, the user can request the version
-  ## on the commandline. Should probably be of the form "<program name>
-  ## <version number>".
-  def version s=nil; @version = s if s; @version end
-
-  ## Adds text to the help display. Can be interspersed with calls to
-  ## #opt to build a multi-section help page.
-  def banner s; @order << [:text, s] end
-  alias :text :banner
-
-  ## Marks two (or more!) options as requiring each other. Only handles
-  ## undirected (i.e., mutual) dependencies. Directed dependencies are
-  ## better modeled with Trollop::die.
-  def depends *syms
-    syms.each { |sym| raise ArgumentError, _("unknown option '%{sym}'") % { sym: sym } unless @specs[sym] }
-    @constraints << [:depends, syms]
-  end
+      ## fill in :multi
+      opts[:multi] ||= false
 
-  ## Marks two (or more!) options as conflicting.
-  def conflicts *syms
-    syms.each { |sym| raise ArgumentError, _("unknown option '%{sym}'") % { sym: sym } unless @specs[sym] }
-    @constraints << [:conflicts, syms]
-  end
+      opts[:desc] ||= desc
+      @long[opts[:long]] = name
+      @short[opts[:short]] = name if opts[:short] && opts[:short] != :none
+      @specs[name] = opts
+      @order << [:opt, name]
+    end
 
-  ## Defines a set of words which cause parsing to terminate when
-  ## encountered, such that any options to the left of the word are
-  ## parsed as usual, and options to the right of the word are left
-  ## intact.
-  ##
-  ## A typical use case would be for subcommand support, where these
-  ## would be set to the list of subcommands. A subsequent Trollop
-  ## invocation would then be used to parse subcommand options, after
-  ## shifting the subcommand off of ARGV.
-  def stop_on *words
-    @stop_words = [*words].flatten
-  end
+    ## Sets the version string. If set, the user can request the version
+    ## on the commandline. Should probably be of the form "<program name>
+    ## <version number>".
+    def version s = nil; @version = s if s; @version end
+
+    ## Adds text to the help display. Can be interspersed with calls to
+    ## #opt to build a multi-section help page.
+    def banner s; @order << [:text, s] end
+    alias :text :banner
+
+    ## Marks two (or more!) options as requiring each other. Only handles
+    ## undirected (i.e., mutual) dependencies. Directed dependencies are
+    ## better modeled with Trollop::die.
+    def depends *syms
+      syms.each { |sym| raise ArgumentError, _("unknown option '%{sym}'") % { sym: sym } unless @specs[sym] }
+      @constraints << [:depends, syms]
+    end
 
-  ## Similar to #stop_on, but stops on any unknown word when encountered
-  ## (unless it is a parameter for an argument). This is useful for
-  ## cases where you don't know the set of subcommands ahead of time,
-  ## i.e., without first parsing the global options.
-  def stop_on_unknown
-    @stop_on_unknown = true
-  end
+    ## Marks two (or more!) options as conflicting.
+    def conflicts *syms
+      syms.each { |sym| raise ArgumentError, _("unknown option '%{sym}'") % { sym: sym } unless @specs[sym] }
+      @constraints << [:conflicts, syms]
+    end
 
-  ## Parses the commandline. Typically called by Trollop::options,
-  ## but you can call it directly if you need more control.
-  ##
-  ## throws CommandlineError, HelpNeeded, and VersionNeeded exceptions.
-  def parse cmdline=ARGV
-    vals = {}
-    required = {}
-
-    if handle_help_and_version
-      opt :version, _("Print version and exit") if @version unless @specs[:version] || @long["version"]
-      opt :help, _("Show this message") unless @specs[:help] || @long["help"]
+    ## Defines a set of words which cause parsing to terminate when
+    ## encountered, such that any options to the left of the word are
+    ## parsed as usual, and options to the right of the word are left
+    ## intact.
+    ##
+    ## A typical use case would be for subcommand support, where these
+    ## would be set to the list of subcommands. A subsequent Trollop
+    ## invocation would then be used to parse subcommand options, after
+    ## shifting the subcommand off of ARGV.
+    def stop_on *words
+      @stop_words = [*words].flatten
     end
 
-    @specs.each do |sym, opts|
-      required[sym] = true if opts[:required]
-      vals[sym] = opts[:default]
-      vals[sym] = [] if opts[:multi] && !opts[:default] # multi arguments default to [], not nil
+    ## Similar to #stop_on, but stops on any unknown word when encountered
+    ## (unless it is a parameter for an argument). This is useful for
+    ## cases where you don't know the set of subcommands ahead of time,
+    ## i.e., without first parsing the global options.
+    def stop_on_unknown
+      @stop_on_unknown = true
     end
 
-    resolve_default_short_options if create_default_short_options
-
-    ## resolve symbols
-    given_args = {}
-    @leftovers = each_arg cmdline do |arg, params|
-      sym = case arg
-      when /^-([^-])$/
-        @short[$1]
-      when /^--no-([^-]\S*)$/
-        @long["[no-]#{$1}"]
-      when /^--([^-]\S*)$/
-        @long[$1] ? @long[$1] : @long["[no-]#{$1}"]
-      else
-        raise CommandlineError, _("invalid argument syntax: '%{arg}'") % { arg: arg }
+    ## Parses the commandline. Typically called by Trollop::options,
+    ## but you can call it directly if you need more control.
+    ##
+    ## throws CommandlineError, HelpNeeded, and VersionNeeded exceptions.
+    def parse cmdline = ARGV
+      vals = {}
+      required = {}
+
+      if handle_help_and_version
+        unless @specs[:version] || @long["version"]
+          opt :version, _("Print version and exit") if @version
+        end
+        opt :help, _("Show this message") unless @specs[:help] || @long["help"]
       end
 
-      unless sym
-        next 0 if ignore_invalid_options
-        raise CommandlineError, _("unknown argument '%{arg}'") % { arg: arg } unless sym
+      @specs.each do |sym, opts|
+        required[sym] = true if opts[:required]
+        vals[sym] = opts[:default]
+        vals[sym] = [] if opts[:multi] && !opts[:default] # multi arguments default to [], not nil
       end
 
-      if given_args.include?(sym) && !@specs[sym][:multi]
-        raise CommandlineError, _("option '%{arg}' specified multiple times") % { arg: arg }
-      end
+      resolve_default_short_options if create_default_short_options
+
+      ## resolve symbols
+      given_args = {}
+      @leftovers = each_arg cmdline do |arg, params|
+        sym = case arg
+              when /^-([^-])$/
+                @short[$1]
+              when /^--no-([^-]\S*)$/
+                @long["[no-]#{$1}"]
+              when /^--([^-]\S*)$/
+                @long[$1] ? @long[$1] : @long["[no-]#{$1}"]
+              else
+                raise CommandlineError, _("invalid argument syntax: '%{arg}'") % { arg: arg }
+              end
+
+        unless sym
+          next 0 if ignore_invalid_options
+          raise CommandlineError, _("unknown argument '%{arg}'") % { arg: arg } unless sym
+        end
 
-      given_args[sym] ||= {}
+        if given_args.include?(sym) && !@specs[sym][:multi]
+          raise CommandlineError, _("option '%{arg}' specified multiple times") % { arg: arg }
+        end
+
+        given_args[sym] ||= {}
 
-      given_args[sym][:arg] = arg
-      given_args[sym][:params] ||= []
+        given_args[sym][:arg] = arg
+        given_args[sym][:params] ||= []
 
-      # The block returns the number of parameters taken.
-      num_params_taken = 0
+        # The block returns the number of parameters taken.
+        num_params_taken = 0
 
-      unless params.nil?
-        if SINGLE_ARG_TYPES.include?(@specs[sym][:type])
-          given_args[sym][:params] << params[0, 1]  # take the first parameter
-          num_params_taken = 1
-        elsif MULTI_ARG_TYPES.include?(@specs[sym][:type])
-          given_args[sym][:params] << params        # take all the parameters
-          num_params_taken = params.size
+        unless params.nil?
+          if SINGLE_ARG_TYPES.include?(@specs[sym][:type])
+            given_args[sym][:params] << params[0, 1]  # take the first parameter
+            num_params_taken = 1
+          elsif MULTI_ARG_TYPES.include?(@specs[sym][:type])
+            given_args[sym][:params] << params        # take all the parameters
+            num_params_taken = params.size
+          end
         end
-      end
 
-      num_params_taken
-    end
+        num_params_taken
+      end
 
-    if handle_help_and_version
-      ## check for version and help args
-      raise VersionNeeded if given_args.include? :version
-      raise HelpNeeded if given_args.include? :help
-    end
+      if handle_help_and_version
+        ## check for version and help args
+        raise VersionNeeded if given_args.include? :version
+        raise HelpNeeded if given_args.include? :help
+      end
 
-    ## check constraint satisfaction
-    @constraints.each do |type, syms|
-      constraint_sym = syms.find { |sym| given_args[sym] }
-      next unless constraint_sym
+      ## check constraint satisfaction
+      @constraints.each do |type, syms|
+        constraint_sym = syms.find { |sym| given_args[sym] }
+        next unless constraint_sym
 
-      case type
-      when :depends
-        syms.each { |sym| raise CommandlineError, _("--%{value0} requires --%{value1}") % { value0: @specs[constraint_sym][:long], value1: @specs[sym][:long] } unless given_args.include? sym }
-      when :conflicts
-        syms.each { |sym| raise CommandlineError, _("--%{value0} conflicts with --%{value1}") % { value0: @specs[constraint_sym][:long], value1: @specs[sym][:long] } if given_args.include?(sym) && (sym != constraint_sym) }
+        case type
+        when :depends
+          syms.each { |sym| raise CommandlineError, _("--%{value0} requires --%{value1}") % { value0: @specs[constraint_sym][:long], value1: @specs[sym][:long] } unless given_args.include? sym }
+        when :conflicts
+          syms.each { |sym| raise CommandlineError, _("--%{value0} conflicts with --%{value1}") % { value0: @specs[constraint_sym][:long], value1: @specs[sym][:long] } if given_args.include?(sym) && (sym != constraint_sym) }
+        end
       end
-    end
 
-    required.each do |sym, val|
-      raise CommandlineError, _("option --%{opt} must be specified") % { opt: @specs[sym][:long] } unless given_args.include? sym
-    end
+      required.each do |sym, _val|
+        raise CommandlineError, _("option --%{opt} must be specified") % { opt: @specs[sym][:long] } unless given_args.include? sym
+      end
 
-    ## parse parameters
-    given_args.each do |sym, given_data|
-      arg = given_data[:arg]
-      params = given_data[:params]
+      ## parse parameters
+      given_args.each do |sym, given_data|
+        arg = given_data[:arg]
+        params = given_data[:params]
 
-      opts = @specs[sym]
-      raise CommandlineError, _("option '%{arg}' needs a parameter") % { arg: arg } if params.empty? && opts[:type] != :flag
+        opts = @specs[sym]
+        raise CommandlineError, _("option '%{arg}' needs a parameter") % { arg: arg } if params.empty? && opts[:type] != :flag
 
-      vals["#{sym}_given".intern] = true # mark argument as specified on the commandline
+        vals["#{sym}_given".intern] = true # mark argument as specified on the commandline
 
-      case opts[:type]
-      when :flag
-        if arg =~ /^--no-/ and sym.to_s =~ /^--\[no-\]/
-          vals[sym] = opts[:default]
-        else
-          vals[sym] = !opts[:default]
+        case opts[:type]
+        when :flag
+          if arg =~ /^--no-/ and sym.to_s =~ /^--\[no-\]/
+            vals[sym] = opts[:default]
+          else
+            vals[sym] = !opts[:default]
+          end
+        when :int, :ints
+          vals[sym] = params.map { |pg| pg.map { |p| parse_integer_parameter p, arg } }
+        when :float, :floats
+          vals[sym] = params.map { |pg| pg.map { |p| parse_float_parameter p, arg } }
+        when :string, :strings
+          vals[sym] = params.map { |pg| pg.map { |p| p.to_s } }
+        when :io, :ios
+          vals[sym] = params.map { |pg| pg.map { |p| parse_io_parameter p, arg } }
+        when :date, :dates
+          vals[sym] = params.map { |pg| pg.map { |p| parse_date_parameter p, arg } }
         end
-      when :int, :ints
-        vals[sym] = params.map { |pg| pg.map { |p| parse_integer_parameter p, arg } }
-      when :float, :floats
-        vals[sym] = params.map { |pg| pg.map { |p| parse_float_parameter p, arg } }
-      when :string, :strings
-        vals[sym] = params.map { |pg| pg.map { |p| p.to_s } }
-      when :io, :ios
-        vals[sym] = params.map { |pg| pg.map { |p| parse_io_parameter p, arg } }
-      when :date, :dates
-        vals[sym] = params.map { |pg| pg.map { |p| parse_date_parameter p, arg } }
-      end
 
-      if SINGLE_ARG_TYPES.include?(opts[:type])
-        unless opts[:multi]       # single parameter
-          vals[sym] = vals[sym][0][0]
-        else                      # multiple options, each with a single parameter
-          vals[sym] = vals[sym].map { |p| p[0] }
+        if SINGLE_ARG_TYPES.include?(opts[:type])
+          unless opts[:multi]       # single parameter
+            vals[sym] = vals[sym][0][0]
+          else                      # multiple options, each with a single parameter
+            vals[sym] = vals[sym].map { |p| p[0] }
+          end
+        elsif MULTI_ARG_TYPES.include?(opts[:type]) && !opts[:multi]
+          vals[sym] = vals[sym][0]  # single option, with multiple parameters
         end
-      elsif MULTI_ARG_TYPES.include?(opts[:type]) && !opts[:multi]
-        vals[sym] = vals[sym][0]  # single option, with multiple parameters
-      end
-      # else: multiple options, with multiple parameters
+        # else: multiple options, with multiple parameters
 
-      opts[:callback].call(vals[sym]) if opts.has_key?(:callback)
-    end
+        opts[:callback].call(vals[sym]) if opts.has_key?(:callback)
+      end
 
-    ## modify input in place with only those
-    ## arguments we didn't process
-    cmdline.clear
-    @leftovers.each { |l| cmdline << l }
+      ## modify input in place with only those
+      ## arguments we didn't process
+      cmdline.clear
+      @leftovers.each { |l| cmdline << l }
 
-    ## allow openstruct-style accessors
-    class << vals
-      def method_missing(m, *args)
-        self[m] || self[m.to_s]
+      ## allow openstruct-style accessors
+      class << vals
+        def method_missing(m, *args)
+          self[m] || self[m.to_s]
+        end
       end
+      vals
     end
-    vals
-  end
 
-  def parse_date_parameter param, arg #:nodoc:
-    begin
+    def parse_date_parameter param, arg # :nodoc:
       begin
-        time = Chronic.parse(param)
-      rescue NameError
-        # chronic is not available
-      end
-      time ? Date.new(time.year, time.month, time.day) : Date.parse(param)
-    rescue ArgumentError
-      raise CommandlineError, _("option '%{arg}' needs a date") % { arg: arg }, $!.backtrace
-    end
-  end
-
-  ## Print the help message to +stream+.
-  def educate stream=$stdout
-    width # just calculate it now; otherwise we have to be careful not to
-          # call this unless the cursor's at the beginning of a line.
-
-    left = {}
-    @specs.each do |name, spec|
-      left[name] = "--#{spec[:long]}" +
-        (spec[:short] && spec[:short] != :none ? ", -#{spec[:short]}" : "") +
-        case spec[:type]
-        when :flag; ""
-        when :int; " <i>"
-        when :ints; " <i+>"
-        when :string; " <s>"
-        when :strings; " <s+>"
-        when :float; " <f>"
-        when :floats; " <f+>"
-        when :io; " <filename/uri>"
-        when :ios; " <filename/uri+>"
-        when :date; " <date>"
-        when :dates; " <date+>"
+        begin
+          time = Chronic.parse(param)
+        rescue NameError
+          # chronic is not available
         end
+        time ? Date.new(time.year, time.month, time.day) : Date.parse(param)
+      rescue ArgumentError
+        raise CommandlineError, _("option '%{arg}' needs a date") % { arg: arg }, $!.backtrace
+      end
     end
 
-    leftcol_width = left.values.map { |s| s.length }.max || 0
-    rightcol_start = leftcol_width + 6 # spaces
+    ## Print the help message to +stream+.
+    def educate stream = $stdout
+      width # just calculate it now; otherwise we have to be careful not to
+      # call this unless the cursor's at the beginning of a line.
+
+      left = {}
+      @specs.each do |name, spec|
+        left[name] = "--#{spec[:long]}" +
+                     (spec[:short] && spec[:short] != :none ? ", -#{spec[:short]}" : "") +
+                     case spec[:type]
+                     when :flag; ""
+                     when :int; " <i>"
+                     when :ints; " <i+>"
+                     when :string; " <s>"
+                     when :strings; " <s+>"
+                     when :float; " <f>"
+                     when :floats; " <f+>"
+                     when :io; " <filename/uri>"
+                     when :ios; " <filename/uri+>"
+                     when :date; " <date>"
+                     when :dates; " <date+>"
+                     end
+      end
 
-    unless @order.size > 0 && @order.first.first == :text
-      stream.puts "#@version\n" if @version
-      stream.puts _("Options:")
-    end
+      leftcol_width = left.values.map { |s| s.length }.max || 0
+      rightcol_start = leftcol_width + 6 # spaces
 
-    @order.each do |what, opt|
-      if what == :text
-        stream.puts wrap(opt)
-        next
+      unless @order.size > 0 && @order.first.first == :text
+        stream.puts "#@version\n" if @version
+        stream.puts _("Options:")
       end
 
-      spec = @specs[opt]
-      stream.printf "  %#{leftcol_width}s:   ", left[opt]
-      desc = spec[:desc] + begin
-        default_s = case spec[:default]
-        when $stdout; "<stdout>"
-        when $stdin; "<stdin>"
-        when $stderr; "<stderr>"
-        when Array
-          spec[:default].join(", ")
-        else
-          spec[:default].to_s
+      @order.each do |what, opt|
+        if what == :text
+          stream.puts wrap(opt)
+          next
         end
 
-        if spec[:default]
-          if spec[:desc] =~ /\.$/
-            _(" (Default: %{default_s})") % { default_s: default_s }
+        spec = @specs[opt]
+        stream.printf "  %#{leftcol_width}s:   ", left[opt]
+        desc = spec[:desc] + begin
+          default_s = case spec[:default]
+                      when $stdout; "<stdout>"
+                      when $stdin; "<stdin>"
+                      when $stderr; "<stderr>"
+                      when Array
+                        spec[:default].join(", ")
+                      else
+                        spec[:default].to_s
+                      end
+
+          if spec[:default]
+            if spec[:desc] =~ /\.$/
+              _(" (Default: %{default_s})") % { default_s: default_s }
+            else
+              _(" (default: %{default_s})") % { default_s: default_s }
+            end
           else
-            _(" (default: %{default_s})") % { default_s: default_s }
+            ""
           end
-        else
-          ""
         end
+        stream.puts wrap(desc, :width => width - rightcol_start - 1, :prefix => rightcol_start)
       end
-      stream.puts wrap(desc, :width => width - rightcol_start - 1, :prefix => rightcol_start)
     end
-  end
 
-  def width #:nodoc:
-    @width ||= if $stdout.tty?
-      begin
-        require 'curses'
-        Curses::init_screen
-        x = Curses::cols
-        Curses::close_screen
-        x
-      rescue Exception
-        80
-      end
-    else
-      80
+    def width # :nodoc:
+      @width ||= if $stdout.tty?
+                   begin
+                     require 'curses'
+                     Curses.init_screen
+                     x = Curses.cols
+                     Curses.close_screen
+                     x
+                   rescue Exception
+                     80
+                   end
+                 else
+                   80
+                 end
     end
-  end
 
-  def wrap str, opts={} # :nodoc:
-    if str == ""
-      [""]
-    else
-      str.split("\n").map { |s| wrap_line s, opts }.flatten
+    def wrap str, opts = {} # :nodoc:
+      if str == ""
+        [""]
+      else
+        str.split("\n").map { |s| wrap_line s, opts }.flatten
+      end
     end
-  end
 
-  ## The per-parser version of Trollop::die (see that for documentation).
-  def die arg, msg
-    if msg
-      $stderr.puts _("Error: argument --%{value0} %{msg}.") % { value0: @specs[arg][:long], msg: msg }
-    else
-      $stderr.puts _("Error: %{arg}.") % { arg: arg }
+    ## The per-parser version of Trollop::die (see that for documentation).
+    def die arg, msg
+      if msg
+        $stderr.puts _("Error: argument --%{value0} %{msg}.") % { value0: @specs[arg][:long], msg: msg }
+      else
+        $stderr.puts _("Error: %{arg}.") % { arg: arg }
+      end
+      $stderr.puts _("Try --help for help.")
+      exit(-1)
     end
-    $stderr.puts _("Try --help for help.")
-    exit(-1)
-  end
 
-private
+    private
 
-  ## yield successive arg, parameter pairs
-  def each_arg args
-    remains = []
-    i = 0
+    ## yield successive arg, parameter pairs
+    def each_arg args
+      remains = []
+      i = 0
 
-    until i >= args.length
-      if @stop_words.member? args[i]
-        remains += args[i .. -1]
-        return remains
-      end
-      case args[i]
-      when /^--$/ # arg terminator
-        remains += args[(i + 1) .. -1]
-        return remains
-      when /^--(\S+?)=(.*)$/ # long argument with equals
-        yield "--#{$1}", [$2]
-        i += 1
-      when /^--(\S+)$/ # long argument
-        params = collect_argument_parameters(args, i + 1)
-        unless params.empty?
-          num_params_taken = yield args[i], params
-          unless num_params_taken
-            if @stop_on_unknown
-              remains += args[i + 1 .. -1]
-              return remains
-            else
-              remains += params
+      until i >= args.length
+        if @stop_words.member? args[i]
+          remains += args[i..]
+          return remains
+        end
+        case args[i]
+        when /^--$/ # arg terminator
+          remains += args[(i + 1)..]
+          return remains
+        when /^--(\S+?)=(.*)$/ # long argument with equals
+          yield "--#{$1}", [$2]
+          i += 1
+        when /^--(\S+)$/ # long argument
+          params = collect_argument_parameters(args, i + 1)
+          unless params.empty?
+            num_params_taken = yield args[i], params
+            unless num_params_taken
+              if @stop_on_unknown
+                remains += args[i + 1..]
+                return remains
+              else
+                remains += params
+              end
             end
+            i += 1 + num_params_taken
+          else # long argument no parameter
+            yield args[i], nil
+            i += 1
           end
-          i += 1 + num_params_taken
-        else # long argument no parameter
-          yield args[i], nil
-          i += 1
-        end
-      when /^-(\S+)$/ # one or more short arguments
-        shortargs = $1.split(//)
-        shortargs.each_with_index do |a, j|
-          if j == (shortargs.length - 1)
-            params = collect_argument_parameters(args, i + 1)
-            unless params.empty?
-              num_params_taken = yield "-#{a}", params
-              unless num_params_taken
-                if @stop_on_unknown
-                  remains += args[i + 1 .. -1]
-                  return remains
-                else
-                  remains += params
+        when /^-(\S+)$/ # one or more short arguments
+          shortargs = $1.split(//)
+          shortargs.each_with_index do |a, j|
+            if j == (shortargs.length - 1)
+              params = collect_argument_parameters(args, i + 1)
+              unless params.empty?
+                num_params_taken = yield "-#{a}", params
+                unless num_params_taken
+                  if @stop_on_unknown
+                    remains += args[i + 1..]
+                    return remains
+                  else
+                    remains += params
+                  end
                 end
+                i += 1 + num_params_taken
+              else # argument no parameter
+                yield "-#{a}", nil
+                i += 1
               end
-              i += 1 + num_params_taken
-            else # argument no parameter
+            else
               yield "-#{a}", nil
-              i += 1
             end
-          else
-            yield "-#{a}", nil
           end
-        end
-      else
-        if @stop_on_unknown
-          remains += args[i .. -1]
-          return remains
         else
-          remains << args[i]
-          i += 1
+          if @stop_on_unknown
+            remains += args[i..]
+            return remains
+          else
+            remains << args[i]
+            i += 1
+          end
         end
       end
+
+      remains
     end
 
-    remains
-  end
+    def parse_integer_parameter param, arg
+      raise CommandlineError, _("option '%{arg}' needs an integer") % { arg: arg } unless param =~ /^\d+$/
 
-  def parse_integer_parameter param, arg
-    raise CommandlineError, _("option '%{arg}' needs an integer") % { arg: arg } unless param =~ /^\d+$/
-    param.to_i
-  end
+      param.to_i
+    end
 
-  def parse_float_parameter param, arg
-    raise CommandlineError, _("option '%{arg}' needs a floating-point number") % { arg: arg } unless param =~ FLOAT_RE
-    param.to_f
-  end
+    def parse_float_parameter param, arg
+      raise CommandlineError, _("option '%{arg}' needs a floating-point number") % { arg: arg } unless param =~ FLOAT_RE
 
-  def parse_io_parameter param, arg
-    case param
-    when /^(stdin|-)$/i; $stdin
-    else
-      require 'open-uri'
-      begin
-        open param
-      rescue SystemCallError => e
-        raise CommandlineError, _("file or url for option '%{arg}' cannot be opened: %{value0}") % { arg: arg, value0: e.message }, e.backtrace
+      param.to_f
+    end
+
+    def parse_io_parameter param, arg
+      case param
+      when /^(stdin|-)$/i; $stdin
+      else
+        require 'open-uri'
+        begin
+          URI.parse(param).open
+        rescue SystemCallError => e
+          raise CommandlineError, _("file or url for option '%{arg}' cannot be opened: %{value0}") % { arg: arg, value0: e.message }, e.backtrace
+        end
       end
     end
-  end
 
-  def collect_argument_parameters args, start_at
-    params = []
-    pos = start_at
-    while args[pos] && args[pos] !~ PARAM_RE && !@stop_words.member?(args[pos]) do
-      params << args[pos]
-      pos += 1
+    def collect_argument_parameters args, start_at
+      params = []
+      pos = start_at
+      while args[pos] && args[pos] !~ PARAM_RE && !@stop_words.member?(args[pos]) do
+        params << args[pos]
+        pos += 1
+      end
+      params
     end
-    params
-  end
 
-  def resolve_default_short_options
-    @order.each do |type, name|
-      next unless type == :opt
-      opts = @specs[name]
-      next if opts[:short]
+    def resolve_default_short_options
+      @order.each do |type, name|
+        next unless type == :opt
+
+        opts = @specs[name]
+        next if opts[:short]
 
-      c = opts[:long].split(//).find { |d| d !~ INVALID_SHORT_ARG_REGEX && !@short.member?(d) }
-      if c # found a character to use
-        opts[:short] = c
-        @short[c] = name
+        c = opts[:long].split(//).find { |d| d !~ INVALID_SHORT_ARG_REGEX && !@short.member?(d) }
+        if c # found a character to use
+          opts[:short] = c
+          @short[c] = name
+        end
       end
     end
-  end
 
-  def wrap_line str, opts={}
-    prefix = opts[:prefix] || 0
-    width = opts[:width] || (self.width - 1)
-    start = 0
-    ret = []
-    until start > str.length
-      nextt =
-        if start + width >= str.length
-          str.length
-        else
-          x = str.rindex(/\s/, start + width)
-          x = str.index(/\s/, start) if x && x < start
-          x || str.length
-        end
-      ret << (ret.empty? ? "" : " " * prefix) + str[start ... nextt]
-      start = nextt + 1
+    def wrap_line str, opts = {}
+      prefix = opts[:prefix] || 0
+      width = opts[:width] || (self.width - 1)
+      start = 0
+      ret = []
+      until start > str.length
+        nextt =
+          if start + width >= str.length
+            str.length
+          else
+            x = str.rindex(/\s/, start + width)
+            x = str.index(/\s/, start) if x && x < start
+            x || str.length
+          end
+        ret << (ret.empty? ? "" : " " * prefix) + str[start...nextt]
+        start = nextt + 1
+      end
+      ret
     end
-    ret
-  end
 
-  ## instance_eval but with ability to handle block arguments
-  ## thanks to why: http://redhanded.hobix.com/inspect/aBlockCostume.html
-  def cloaker &b
-    (class << self; self; end).class_eval do
-      define_method :cloaker_, &b
-      meth = instance_method :cloaker_
-      remove_method :cloaker_
-      meth
+    ## instance_eval but with ability to handle block arguments
+    ## thanks to why: http://redhanded.hobix.com/inspect/aBlockCostume.html
+    def cloaker &b
+      (class << self; self; end).class_eval do
+        define_method :cloaker_, &b
+        meth = instance_method :cloaker_
+        remove_method :cloaker_
+        meth
+      end
     end
   end
-end
-
-## The easy, syntactic-sugary entry method into Trollop. Creates a Parser,
-## passes the block to it, then parses +args+ with it, handling any errors or
-## requests for help or version information appropriately (and then exiting).
-## Modifies +args+ in place. Returns a hash of option values.
-##
-## The block passed in should contain zero or more calls to +opt+
-## (Parser#opt), zero or more calls to +text+ (Parser#text), and
-## probably a call to +version+ (Parser#version).
-##
-## The returned block contains a value for every option specified with
-## +opt+.  The value will be the value given on the commandline, or the
-## default value if the option was not specified on the commandline. For
-## every option specified on the commandline, a key "<option
-## name>_given" will also be set in the hash.
-##
-## Example:
-##
-##   require 'trollop'
-##   opts = Trollop::options do
-##     opt :monkey, "Use monkey mode"                     # a flag --monkey, defaulting to false
-##     opt :goat, "Use goat mode", :default => true       # a flag --goat, defaulting to true
-##     opt :num_limbs, "Number of limbs", :default => 4   # an integer --num-limbs <i>, defaulting to 4
-##     opt :num_thumbs, "Number of thumbs", :type => :int # an integer --num-thumbs <i>, defaulting to nil
-##   end
-##
-##   ## if called with no arguments
-##   p opts # => { :monkey => false, :goat => true, :num_limbs => 4, :num_thumbs => nil }
-##
-##   ## if called with --monkey
-##   p opts # => {:monkey_given=>true, :monkey=>true, :goat=>true, :num_limbs=>4, :help=>false, :num_thumbs=>nil}
-##
-## See more examples at http://trollop.rubyforge.org.
-def options args=ARGV, *a, &b
-  @last_parser = Parser.new(*a, &b)
-  with_standard_exception_handling(@last_parser) { @last_parser.parse args }
-end
 
-## If Trollop::options doesn't do quite what you want, you can create a Parser
-## object and call Parser#parse on it. That method will throw CommandlineError,
-## HelpNeeded and VersionNeeded exceptions when necessary; if you want to
-## have these handled for you in the standard manner (e.g. show the help
-## and then exit upon an HelpNeeded exception), call your code from within
-## a block passed to this method.
-##
-## Note that this method will call System#exit after handling an exception!
-##
-## Usage example:
-##
-##   require 'trollop'
-##   p = Trollop::Parser.new do
-##     opt :monkey, "Use monkey mode"                     # a flag --monkey, defaulting to false
-##     opt :goat, "Use goat mode", :default => true       # a flag --goat, defaulting to true
-##   end
-##
-##   opts = Trollop::with_standard_exception_handling p do
-##     o = p.parse ARGV
-##     raise Trollop::HelpNeeded if ARGV.empty? # show help screen
-##     o
-##   end
-##
-## Requires passing in the parser object.
-
-def with_standard_exception_handling parser
-  begin
-    yield
-  rescue CommandlineError => e
-    $stderr.puts _("Error: %{value0}.") % { value0: e.message }
-    $stderr.puts _("Try --help for help.")
-    exit(-1)
-  rescue HelpNeeded
-    parser.educate
-    exit
-  rescue VersionNeeded
-    puts parser.version
-    exit
+  ## The easy, syntactic-sugary entry method into Trollop. Creates a Parser,
+  ## passes the block to it, then parses +args+ with it, handling any errors or
+  ## requests for help or version information appropriately (and then exiting).
+  ## Modifies +args+ in place. Returns a hash of option values.
+  ##
+  ## The block passed in should contain zero or more calls to +opt+
+  ## (Parser#opt), zero or more calls to +text+ (Parser#text), and
+  ## probably a call to +version+ (Parser#version).
+  ##
+  ## The returned block contains a value for every option specified with
+  ## +opt+.  The value will be the value given on the commandline, or the
+  ## default value if the option was not specified on the commandline. For
+  ## every option specified on the commandline, a key "<option
+  ## name>_given" will also be set in the hash.
+  ##
+  ## Example:
+  ##
+  ##   require 'trollop'
+  ##   opts = Trollop::options do
+  ##     opt :monkey, "Use monkey mode"                     # a flag --monkey, defaulting to false
+  ##     opt :goat, "Use goat mode", :default => true       # a flag --goat, defaulting to true
+  ##     opt :num_limbs, "Number of limbs", :default => 4   # an integer --num-limbs <i>, defaulting to 4
+  ##     opt :num_thumbs, "Number of thumbs", :type => :int # an integer --num-thumbs <i>, defaulting to nil
+  ##   end
+  ##
+  ##   ## if called with no arguments
+  ##   p opts # => { :monkey => false, :goat => true, :num_limbs => 4, :num_thumbs => nil }
+  ##
+  ##   ## if called with --monkey
+  ##   p opts # => {:monkey_given=>true, :monkey=>true, :goat=>true, :num_limbs=>4, :help=>false, :num_thumbs=>nil}
+  ##
+  ## See more examples at http://trollop.rubyforge.org.
+  def options args = ARGV, *a, &b
+    @last_parser = Parser.new(*a, &b)
+    with_standard_exception_handling(@last_parser) { @last_parser.parse args }
   end
-end
 
-## Informs the user that their usage of 'arg' was wrong, as detailed by
-## 'msg', and dies. Example:
-##
-##   options do
-##     opt :volume, :default => 0.0
-##   end
-##
-##   die :volume, "too loud" if opts[:volume] > 10.0
-##   die :volume, "too soft" if opts[:volume] < 0.1
-##
-## In the one-argument case, simply print that message, a notice
-## about -h, and die. Example:
-##
-##   options do
-##     opt :whatever # ...
-##   end
-##
-##   Trollop::die "need at least one filename" if ARGV.empty?
-def die arg, msg=nil
-  if @last_parser
-    @last_parser.die arg, msg
-  else
-    #TRANSLATORS 'Trollop' is the name of a module and 'die' and 'options' are methods in it and should not be translated.
-    raise ArgumentError, _("Trollop::die can only be called after Trollop::options")
+  ## If Trollop::options doesn't do quite what you want, you can create a Parser
+  ## object and call Parser#parse on it. That method will throw CommandlineError,
+  ## HelpNeeded and VersionNeeded exceptions when necessary; if you want to
+  ## have these handled for you in the standard manner (e.g. show the help
+  ## and then exit upon an HelpNeeded exception), call your code from within
+  ## a block passed to this method.
+  ##
+  ## Note that this method will call System#exit after handling an exception!
+  ##
+  ## Usage example:
+  ##
+  ##   require 'trollop'
+  ##   p = Trollop::Parser.new do
+  ##     opt :monkey, "Use monkey mode"                     # a flag --monkey, defaulting to false
+  ##     opt :goat, "Use goat mode", :default => true       # a flag --goat, defaulting to true
+  ##   end
+  ##
+  ##   opts = Trollop::with_standard_exception_handling p do
+  ##     o = p.parse ARGV
+  ##     raise Trollop::HelpNeeded if ARGV.empty? # show help screen
+  ##     o
+  ##   end
+  ##
+  ## Requires passing in the parser object.
+
+  def with_standard_exception_handling parser
+    begin
+      yield
+    rescue CommandlineError => e
+      $stderr.puts _("Error: %{value0}.") % { value0: e.message }
+      $stderr.puts _("Try --help for help.")
+      exit(-1)
+    rescue HelpNeeded
+      parser.educate
+      exit
+    rescue VersionNeeded
+      puts parser.version
+      exit
+    end
   end
-end
 
-module_function :options, :die, :with_standard_exception_handling
+  ## Informs the user that their usage of 'arg' was wrong, as detailed by
+  ## 'msg', and dies. Example:
+  ##
+  ##   options do
+  ##     opt :volume, :default => 0.0
+  ##   end
+  ##
+  ##   die :volume, "too loud" if opts[:volume] > 10.0
+  ##   die :volume, "too soft" if opts[:volume] < 0.1
+  ##
+  ## In the one-argument case, simply print that message, a notice
+  ## about -h, and die. Example:
+  ##
+  ##   options do
+  ##     opt :whatever # ...
+  ##   end
+  ##
+  ##   Trollop::die "need at least one filename" if ARGV.empty?
+  def die arg, msg = nil
+    if @last_parser
+      @last_parser.die arg, msg
+    else
+      # TRANSLATORS 'Trollop' is the name of a module and 'die' and 'options' are methods in it and should not be translated.
+      raise ArgumentError, _("Trollop::die can only be called after Trollop::options")
+    end
+  end
 
-end # module
+  module_function :options, :die, :with_standard_exception_handling
+  end # module
 end
 end
 end