pg_query 4.2.1 → 6.1.0

data/ext/pg_query/include/postgres/utils/pgstat_internal.h

@@ -0,0 +1,827 @@
+/* ----------
+ * pgstat_internal.h
+ *
+ * Definitions for the PostgreSQL cumulative statistics system that should
+ * only be needed by files implementing statistics support (rather than ones
+ * reporting / querying stats).
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2001-2024, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ *
+ * src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
+ * ----------
+ */
+#ifndef PGSTAT_INTERNAL_H
+#define PGSTAT_INTERNAL_H
+
+
+#include "common/hashfn_unstable.h"
+#include "lib/dshash.h"
+#include "lib/ilist.h"
+#include "pgstat.h"
+#include "storage/lwlock.h"
+#include "utils/dsa.h"
+
+
+/*
+ * Types related to shared memory storage of statistics.
+ *
+ * Per-object statistics are stored in the "shared stats" hashtable. That
+ * table's entries (PgStatShared_HashEntry) contain a pointer to the actual stats
+ * data for the object (the size of the stats data varies depending on the
+ * kind of stats). The table is keyed by PgStat_HashKey.
+ *
+ * Once a backend has a reference to a shared stats entry, it increments the
+ * entry's refcount. Even after stats data is dropped (e.g., due to a DROP
+ * TABLE), the entry itself can only be deleted once all references have been
+ * released.
+ *
+ * These refcounts, in combination with a backend local hashtable
+ * (pgStatEntryRefHash, with entries pointing to PgStat_EntryRef) in front of
+ * the shared hash table, mean that most stats work can happen without
+ * touching the shared hash table, reducing contention.
+ *
+ * Once there are pending stats updates for a table PgStat_EntryRef->pending
+ * is allocated to contain a working space for as-of-yet-unapplied stats
+ * updates. Once the stats are flushed, PgStat_EntryRef->pending is freed.
+ *
+ * Each stat kind in the shared hash table has a fixed member
+ * PgStatShared_Common as the first element.
+ */
+
+/* struct for shared statistics hash entry key. */
+typedef struct PgStat_HashKey
+{
+	PgStat_Kind kind;			/* statistics entry kind */
+	Oid			dboid;			/* database ID. InvalidOid for shared objects. */
+	Oid			objoid;			/* object ID, either table or function. */
+} PgStat_HashKey;
+
+/*
+ * Shared statistics hash entry. Doesn't itself contain any stats, but points
+ * to them (with ->body). That allows the stats entries themselves to be of
+ * variable size.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStatShared_HashEntry
+{
+	PgStat_HashKey key;			/* hash key */
+
+	/*
+	 * If dropped is set, backends need to release their references so that
+	 * the memory for the entry can be freed. No new references may be made
+	 * once marked as dropped.
+	 */
+	bool		dropped;
+
+	/*
+	 * Refcount managing lifetime of the entry itself (as opposed to the
+	 * dshash entry pointing to it). The stats lifetime has to be separate
+	 * from the hash table entry lifetime because we allow backends to point
+	 * to a stats entry without holding a hash table lock (and some other
+	 * reasons).
+	 *
+	 * As long as the entry is not dropped, 1 is added to the refcount
+	 * representing that the entry should not be dropped. In addition each
+	 * backend that has a reference to the entry needs to increment the
+	 * refcount as long as it does.
+	 *
+	 * May only be incremented / decremented while holding at least a shared
+	 * lock on the dshash partition containing the entry. It needs to be an
+	 * atomic variable because multiple backends can increment the refcount
+	 * with just a shared lock.
+	 *
+	 * When the refcount reaches 0 the entry needs to be freed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_uint32 refcount;
+
+	/*
+	 * Counter tracking the number of times the entry has been reused.
+	 *
+	 * Set to 0 when the entry is created, and incremented by one each time
+	 * the shared entry is reinitialized with pgstat_reinit_entry().
+	 *
+	 * May only be incremented / decremented while holding at least a shared
+	 * lock on the dshash partition containing the entry. Like refcount, it
+	 * needs to be an atomic variable because multiple backends can increment
+	 * the generation with just a shared lock.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_uint32 generation;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pointer to shared stats. The stats entry always starts with
+	 * PgStatShared_Common, embedded in a larger struct containing the
+	 * PgStat_Kind specific stats fields.
+	 */
+	dsa_pointer body;
+} PgStatShared_HashEntry;
+
+/*
+ * Common header struct for PgStatShared_*.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Common
+{
+	uint32		magic;			/* just a validity cross-check */
+	/* lock protecting stats contents (i.e. data following the header) */
+	LWLock		lock;
+} PgStatShared_Common;
+
+/*
+ * A backend local reference to a shared stats entry. As long as at least one
+ * such reference exists, the shared stats entry will not be released.
+ *
+ * If there are pending stats update to the shared stats, these are stored in
+ * ->pending.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_EntryRef
+{
+	/*
+	 * Pointer to the PgStatShared_HashEntry entry in the shared stats
+	 * hashtable.
+	 */
+	PgStatShared_HashEntry *shared_entry;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pointer to the stats data (i.e. PgStatShared_HashEntry->body), resolved
+	 * as a local pointer, to avoid repeated dsa_get_address() calls.
+	 */
+	PgStatShared_Common *shared_stats;
+
+	/*
+	 * Copy of PgStatShared_HashEntry->generation, keeping locally track of
+	 * the shared stats entry "generation" retrieved (number of times reused).
+	 */
+	uint32		generation;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pending statistics data that will need to be flushed to shared memory
+	 * stats eventually. Each stats kind utilizing pending data defines what
+	 * format its pending data has and needs to provide a
+	 * PgStat_KindInfo->flush_pending_cb callback to merge pending into shared
+	 * stats.
+	 */
+	void	   *pending;
+	dlist_node	pending_node;	/* membership in pgStatPending list */
+} PgStat_EntryRef;
+
+
+/*
+ * Some stats changes are transactional. To maintain those, a stack of
+ * PgStat_SubXactStatus entries is maintained, which contain data pertaining
+ * to the current transaction and its active subtransactions.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_SubXactStatus
+{
+	int			nest_level;		/* subtransaction nest level */
+
+	struct PgStat_SubXactStatus *prev;	/* higher-level subxact if any */
+
+	/*
+	 * Statistics for transactionally dropped objects need to be
+	 * transactionally dropped as well. Collect the stats dropped in the
+	 * current (sub-)transaction and only execute the stats drop when we know
+	 * if the transaction commits/aborts. To handle replicas and crashes,
+	 * stats drops are included in commit / abort records.
+	 */
+	dclist_head pending_drops;
+
+	/*
+	 * Tuple insertion/deletion counts for an open transaction can't be
+	 * propagated into PgStat_TableStatus counters until we know if it is
+	 * going to commit or abort.  Hence, we keep these counts in per-subxact
+	 * structs that live in TopTransactionContext.  This data structure is
+	 * designed on the assumption that subxacts won't usually modify very many
+	 * tables.
+	 */
+	PgStat_TableXactStatus *first;	/* head of list for this subxact */
+} PgStat_SubXactStatus;
+
+
+/*
+ * Metadata for a specific kind of statistics.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_KindInfo
+{
+	/*
+	 * Do a fixed number of stats objects exist for this kind of stats (e.g.
+	 * bgwriter stats) or not (e.g. tables).
+	 */
+	bool		fixed_amount:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Can stats of this kind be accessed from another database? Determines
+	 * whether a stats object gets included in stats snapshots.
+	 */
+	bool		accessed_across_databases:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable-numbered stats: Identified on-disk using a name, rather
+	 * than PgStat_HashKey. Probably only needed for replication slot stats.
+	 */
+	bool		named_on_disk:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * The size of an entry in the shared stats hash table (pointed to by
+	 * PgStatShared_HashEntry->body).
+	 */
+	uint32		shared_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * The offset/size of statistics inside the shared stats entry. Used when
+	 * [de-]serializing statistics to / from disk respectively. Separate from
+	 * shared_size because [de-]serialization may not include in-memory state
+	 * like lwlocks.
+	 */
+	uint32		shared_data_off;
+	uint32		shared_data_len;
+
+	/*
+	 * The size of the pending data for this kind. E.g. how large
+	 * PgStat_EntryRef->pending is. Used for allocations.
+	 *
+	 * 0 signals that an entry of this kind should never have a pending entry.
+	 */
+	uint32		pending_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable-numbered stats: flush pending stats. Required if pending
+	 * data is used.
+	 */
+	bool		(*flush_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr, bool nowait);
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable-numbered stats: delete pending stats. Optional.
+	 */
+	void		(*delete_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr);
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable-numbered stats: reset the reset timestamp. Optional.
+	 */
+	void		(*reset_timestamp_cb) (PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
+
+	/*
+	 * For variable-numbered stats with named_on_disk. Optional.
+	 */
+	void		(*to_serialized_name) (const PgStat_HashKey *key,
+									   const PgStatShared_Common *header, NameData *name);
+	bool		(*from_serialized_name) (const NameData *name, PgStat_HashKey *key);
+
+	/*
+	 * For fixed-numbered statistics: Reset All.
+	 */
+	void		(*reset_all_cb) (TimestampTz ts);
+
+	/*
+	 * For fixed-numbered statistics: Build snapshot for entry
+	 */
+	void		(*snapshot_cb) (void);
+
+	/* name of the kind of stats */
+	const char *const name;
+} PgStat_KindInfo;
+
+
+/*
+ * List of SLRU names that we keep stats for.  There is no central registry of
+ * SLRUs, so we use this fixed list instead.  The "other" entry is used for
+ * all SLRUs without an explicit entry (e.g. SLRUs in extensions).
+ *
+ * This is only defined here so that SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS is known for later type
+ * definitions.
+ */
+static const char *const slru_names[] = {
+	"commit_timestamp",
+	"multixact_member",
+	"multixact_offset",
+	"notify",
+	"serializable",
+	"subtransaction",
+	"transaction",
+	"other"						/* has to be last */
+};
+
+#define SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS	lengthof(slru_names)
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Types and definitions for different kinds of fixed-amount stats.
+ *
+ * Single-writer stats use the changecount mechanism to achieve low-overhead
+ * writes - they're obviously more performance critical than reads. Check the
+ * definition of struct PgBackendStatus for some explanation of the
+ * changecount mechanism.
+ *
+ * Because the obvious implementation of resetting single-writer stats isn't
+ * compatible with that (another backend needs to write), we don't scribble on
+ * shared stats while resetting. Instead, just record the current counter
+ * values in a copy of the stats data, which is protected by ->lock. See
+ * pgstat_fetch_stat_(archiver|bgwriter|checkpointer) for the reader side.
+ *
+ * The only exception to that is the stat_reset_timestamp in these structs,
+ * which is protected by ->lock, because it has to be written by another
+ * backend while resetting.
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Archiver
+{
+	/* lock protects ->reset_offset as well as stats->stat_reset_timestamp */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	uint32		changecount;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats stats;
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats reset_offset;
+} PgStatShared_Archiver;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_BgWriter
+{
+	/* lock protects ->reset_offset as well as stats->stat_reset_timestamp */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	uint32		changecount;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats stats;
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats reset_offset;
+} PgStatShared_BgWriter;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Checkpointer
+{
+	/* lock protects ->reset_offset as well as stats->stat_reset_timestamp */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	uint32		changecount;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats stats;
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats reset_offset;
+} PgStatShared_Checkpointer;
+
+/* Shared-memory ready PgStat_IO */
+typedef struct PgStatShared_IO
+{
+	/*
+	 * locks[i] protects stats.stats[i]. locks[0] also protects
+	 * stats.stat_reset_timestamp.
+	 */
+	LWLock		locks[BACKEND_NUM_TYPES];
+	PgStat_IO	stats;
+} PgStatShared_IO;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_SLRU
+{
+	/* lock protects ->stats */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	PgStat_SLRUStats stats[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+} PgStatShared_SLRU;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Wal
+{
+	/* lock protects ->stats */
+	LWLock		lock;
+	PgStat_WalStats stats;
+} PgStatShared_Wal;
+
+
+
+/* ----------
+ * Types and definitions for different kinds of variable-amount stats.
+ *
+ * Each struct has to start with PgStatShared_Common, containing information
+ * common across the different types of stats. Kind-specific data follows.
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Database
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatDBEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Database;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Relation
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatTabEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Relation;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Function
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatFuncEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Function;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_Subscription
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatSubEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_Subscription;
+
+typedef struct PgStatShared_ReplSlot
+{
+	PgStatShared_Common header;
+	PgStat_StatReplSlotEntry stats;
+} PgStatShared_ReplSlot;
+
+
+/*
+ * Central shared memory entry for the cumulative stats system.
+ *
+ * Fixed amount stats, the dynamic shared memory hash table for
+ * non-fixed-amount stats, as well as remaining bits and pieces are all
+ * reached from here.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_ShmemControl
+{
+	void	   *raw_dsa_area;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stats for variable-numbered objects are kept in this shared hash table.
+	 * See comment above PgStat_Kind for details.
+	 */
+	dshash_table_handle hash_handle;	/* shared dbstat hash */
+
+	/* Has the stats system already been shut down? Just a debugging check. */
+	bool		is_shutdown;
+
+	/*
+	 * Whenever statistics for dropped objects could not be freed - because
+	 * backends still have references - the dropping backend calls
+	 * pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc() incrementing this counter. Eventually
+	 * that causes backends to run pgstat_gc_entry_refs(), allowing memory to
+	 * be reclaimed.
+	 */
+	pg_atomic_uint64 gc_request_count;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stats data for fixed-numbered objects.
+	 */
+	PgStatShared_Archiver archiver;
+	PgStatShared_BgWriter bgwriter;
+	PgStatShared_Checkpointer checkpointer;
+	PgStatShared_IO io;
+	PgStatShared_SLRU slru;
+	PgStatShared_Wal wal;
+} PgStat_ShmemControl;
+
+
+/*
+ * Cached statistics snapshot
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_Snapshot
+{
+	PgStat_FetchConsistency mode;
+
+	/* time at which snapshot was taken */
+	TimestampTz snapshot_timestamp;
+
+	bool		fixed_valid[PGSTAT_NUM_KINDS];
+
+	PgStat_ArchiverStats archiver;
+
+	PgStat_BgWriterStats bgwriter;
+
+	PgStat_CheckpointerStats checkpointer;
+
+	PgStat_IO	io;
+
+	PgStat_SLRUStats slru[SLRU_NUM_ELEMENTS];
+
+	PgStat_WalStats wal;
+
+	/* to free snapshot in bulk */
+	MemoryContext context;
+	struct pgstat_snapshot_hash *stats;
+} PgStat_Snapshot;
+
+
+/*
+ * Collection of backend-local stats state.
+ */
+typedef struct PgStat_LocalState
+{
+	PgStat_ShmemControl *shmem;
+	dsa_area   *dsa;
+	dshash_table *shared_hash;
+
+	/* the current statistics snapshot */
+	PgStat_Snapshot snapshot;
+} PgStat_LocalState;
+
+
+/*
+ * Inline functions defined further below.
+ */
+
+static inline void pgstat_begin_changecount_write(uint32 *cc);
+static inline void pgstat_end_changecount_write(uint32 *cc);
+static inline uint32 pgstat_begin_changecount_read(uint32 *cc);
+static inline bool pgstat_end_changecount_read(uint32 *cc, uint32 cc_before);
+
+static inline void pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(void *dst, void *src, size_t len,
+												   uint32 *cc);
+
+static inline int pgstat_cmp_hash_key(const void *a, const void *b, size_t size, void *arg);
+static inline uint32 pgstat_hash_hash_key(const void *d, size_t size, void *arg);
+static inline size_t pgstat_get_entry_len(PgStat_Kind kind);
+static inline void *pgstat_get_entry_data(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_Common *entry);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat.c
+ */
+
+extern const PgStat_KindInfo *pgstat_get_kind_info(PgStat_Kind kind);
+
+#ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
+extern void pgstat_assert_is_up(void);
+#else
+#define pgstat_assert_is_up() ((void)true)
+#endif
+
+extern void pgstat_delete_pending_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_prep_pending_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, bool *created_entry);
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_fetch_pending_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+
+extern void *pgstat_fetch_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_snapshot_fixed(PgStat_Kind kind);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_archiver.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_archiver_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz ts);
+extern void pgstat_archiver_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_bgwriter.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_bgwriter_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz ts);
+extern void pgstat_bgwriter_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_checkpointer.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_checkpointer_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz ts);
+extern void pgstat_checkpointer_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_database.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_report_disconnect(Oid dboid);
+extern void pgstat_update_dbstats(TimestampTz ts);
+extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel);
+
+extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_prep_database_pending(Oid dboid);
+extern void pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts);
+extern bool pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_function.c
+ */
+
+extern bool pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_io.c
+ */
+
+extern bool pgstat_flush_io(bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_io_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz ts);
+extern void pgstat_io_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_relation.c
+ */
+
+extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit);
+extern void AtEOSubXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool isCommit, int nestDepth);
+extern void AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
+extern void PostPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
+
+extern bool pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_replslot.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_replslot_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
+extern void pgstat_replslot_to_serialized_name_cb(const PgStat_HashKey *key, const PgStatShared_Common *header, NameData *name);
+extern bool pgstat_replslot_from_serialized_name_cb(const NameData *name, PgStat_HashKey *key);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_shmem.c
+ */
+
+extern void pgstat_attach_shmem(void);
+extern void pgstat_detach_shmem(void);
+
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_get_entry_ref(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid,
+											 bool create, bool *created_entry);
+extern bool pgstat_lock_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern bool pgstat_lock_entry_shared(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_unlock_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
+extern bool pgstat_drop_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_drop_all_entries(void);
+extern PgStat_EntryRef *pgstat_get_entry_ref_locked(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid,
+													bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_reset_entry(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid, TimestampTz ts);
+extern void pgstat_reset_entries_of_kind(PgStat_Kind kind, TimestampTz ts);
+extern void pgstat_reset_matching_entries(bool (*do_reset) (PgStatShared_HashEntry *, Datum),
+										  Datum match_data,
+										  TimestampTz ts);
+
+extern void pgstat_request_entry_refs_gc(void);
+extern PgStatShared_Common *pgstat_init_entry(PgStat_Kind kind,
+											  PgStatShared_HashEntry *shhashent);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_slru.c
+ */
+
+extern bool pgstat_slru_flush(bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_slru_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz ts);
+extern void pgstat_slru_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_wal.c
+ */
+
+extern bool pgstat_flush_wal(bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_init_wal(void);
+extern bool pgstat_have_pending_wal(void);
+
+extern void pgstat_wal_reset_all_cb(TimestampTz ts);
+extern void pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb(void);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_subscription.c
+ */
+
+extern bool pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait);
+extern void pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions in pgstat_xact.c
+ */
+
+extern PgStat_SubXactStatus *pgstat_get_xact_stack_level(int nest_level);
+extern void pgstat_drop_transactional(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+extern void pgstat_create_transactional(PgStat_Kind kind, Oid dboid, Oid objoid);
+
+
+/*
+ * Variables in pgstat.c
+ */
+
+extern PGDLLIMPORT PgStat_LocalState pgStatLocal;
+
+
+/*
+ * Variables in pgstat_io.c
+ */
+
+extern PGDLLIMPORT bool have_iostats;
+
+
+/*
+ * Variables in pgstat_slru.c
+ */
+
+extern PGDLLIMPORT bool have_slrustats;
+
+
+/*
+ * Implementation of inline functions declared above.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Helpers for changecount manipulation. See comments around struct
+ * PgBackendStatus for details.
+ */
+
+static inline void
+pgstat_begin_changecount_write(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	Assert((*cc & 1) == 0);
+
+	START_CRIT_SECTION();
+	(*cc)++;
+	pg_write_barrier();
+}
+
+static inline void
+pgstat_end_changecount_write(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	Assert((*cc & 1) == 1);
+
+	pg_write_barrier();
+
+	(*cc)++;
+
+	END_CRIT_SECTION();
+}
+
+static inline uint32
+pgstat_begin_changecount_read(uint32 *cc)
+{
+	uint32		before_cc = *cc;
+
+	CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
+
+	pg_read_barrier();
+
+	return before_cc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns true if the read succeeded, false if it needs to be repeated.
+ */
+static inline bool
+pgstat_end_changecount_read(uint32 *cc, uint32 before_cc)
+{
+	uint32		after_cc;
+
+	pg_read_barrier();
+
+	after_cc = *cc;
+
+	/* was a write in progress when we started? */
+	if (before_cc & 1)
+		return false;
+
+	/* did writes start and complete while we read? */
+	return before_cc == after_cc;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * helper function for PgStat_KindInfo->snapshot_cb
+ * PgStat_KindInfo->reset_all_cb callbacks.
+ *
+ * Copies out the specified memory area following change-count protocol.
+ */
+static inline void
+pgstat_copy_changecounted_stats(void *dst, void *src, size_t len,
+								uint32 *cc)
+{
+	uint32		cc_before;
+
+	do
+	{
+		cc_before = pgstat_begin_changecount_read(cc);
+
+		memcpy(dst, src, len);
+	}
+	while (!pgstat_end_changecount_read(cc, cc_before));
+}
+
+/* helpers for dshash / simplehash hashtables */
+static inline int
+pgstat_cmp_hash_key(const void *a, const void *b, size_t size, void *arg)
+{
+	Assert(size == sizeof(PgStat_HashKey) && arg == NULL);
+	return memcmp(a, b, sizeof(PgStat_HashKey));
+}
+
+static inline uint32
+pgstat_hash_hash_key(const void *d, size_t size, void *arg)
+{
+	const char *key = (const char *) d;
+
+	Assert(size == sizeof(PgStat_HashKey) && arg == NULL);
+	return fasthash32(key, size, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * The length of the data portion of a shared memory stats entry (i.e. without
+ * transient data such as refcounts, lwlocks, ...).
+ */
+static inline size_t
+pgstat_get_entry_len(PgStat_Kind kind)
+{
+	return pgstat_get_kind_info(kind)->shared_data_len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns a pointer to the data portion of a shared memory stats entry.
+ */
+static inline void *
+pgstat_get_entry_data(PgStat_Kind kind, PgStatShared_Common *entry)
+{
+	size_t		off = pgstat_get_kind_info(kind)->shared_data_off;
+
+	Assert(off != 0 && off < PG_UINT32_MAX);
+
+	return ((char *) (entry)) + off;
+}
+
+#endif							/* PGSTAT_INTERNAL_H */