passenger 5.0.18 → 5.0.19

data/ext/common/agent/Base.cpp

@@ -1,1647 +0,0 @@
-/*
- *  Phusion Passenger - https://www.phusionpassenger.com/
- *  Copyright (c) 2010-2015 Phusion
- *
- *  "Phusion Passenger" is a trademark of Hongli Lai & Ninh Bui.
- *
- *  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- *  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- *  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- *  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- *  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- *  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- *  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- *  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- *  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- *  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- *  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- *  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- *  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- *  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- *  THE SOFTWARE.
- */
-#ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
-	#define _GNU_SOURCE
-#endif
-
-#include <oxt/initialize.hpp>
-#include <oxt/system_calls.hpp>
-#include <oxt/backtrace.hpp>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/select.h>
-#ifdef __linux__
-	#include <sys/syscall.h>
-	#include <features.h>
-#endif
-#include <cstdio>
-#include <cstdlib>
-#include <cstring>
-#include <cerrno>
-#include <cassert>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <poll.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <signal.h>
-#include <libgen.h>
-
-#if defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__linux__)
-	#define LIBC_HAS_BACKTRACE_FUNC
-#endif
-#ifdef LIBC_HAS_BACKTRACE_FUNC
-	#include <execinfo.h>
-#endif
-
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-
-#include <agent/Base.h>
-#include <Constants.h>
-#include <Exceptions.h>
-#include <Logging.h>
-#include <ResourceLocator.h>
-#include <Utils.h>
-#include <Utils/StrIntUtils.h>
-#ifdef __linux__
-	#include <ResourceLocator.h>
-#endif
-
-namespace Passenger {
-
-
-using namespace std;
-
-
-struct AbortHandlerState {
-	pid_t pid;
-	int signo;
-	siginfo_t *info;
-	char messagePrefix[32];
-	char messageBuf[1024];
-};
-
-typedef void (*Callback)(AbortHandlerState &state, void *userData);
-
-
-#define IGNORE_SYSCALL_RESULT(code) \
-	do { \
-		int _ret = code; \
-		(void) _ret; \
-	} while (false)
-
-
-static bool _feedbackFdAvailable = false;
-static const char digits[] = {
-	'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'
-};
-static const char hex_chars[] = "0123456789abcdef";
-
-static bool shouldDumpWithCrashWatch = true;
-static bool beepOnAbort = false;
-static bool stopOnAbort = false;
-
-// Pre-allocate an alternative stack for use in signal handlers in case
-// the normal stack isn't usable.
-static char *alternativeStack;
-static unsigned int alternativeStackSize;
-
-static volatile unsigned int abortHandlerCalled = 0;
-static unsigned int randomSeed = 0;
-static char **origArgv = NULL;
-static const char *rubyLibDir = NULL;
-static const char *passengerRoot = NULL;
-static const char *defaultRuby = DEFAULT_RUBY;
-static const char *backtraceSanitizerCommand = NULL;
-static bool backtraceSanitizerPassProgramInfo = true;
-static const char *crashWatch = NULL;
-static DiagnosticsDumper customDiagnosticsDumper = NULL;
-static void *customDiagnosticsDumperUserData;
-
-// We preallocate a few pipes during startup which we will close in the
-// crash handler. This way we can be sure that when the crash handler
-// calls pipe() it won't fail with "Too many files".
-static int emergencyPipe1[2] = { -1, -1 };
-static int emergencyPipe2[2] = { -1, -1 };
-
-
-static void
-ignoreSigpipe() {
-	struct sigaction action;
-	action.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
-	action.sa_flags   = 0;
-	sigemptyset(&action.sa_mask);
-	sigaction(SIGPIPE, &action, NULL);
-}
-
-const char *
-getEnvString(const char *name, const char *defaultValue) {
-	const char *value = getenv(name);
-	if (value != NULL && *value != '\0') {
-		return value;
-	} else {
-		return defaultValue;
-	}
-}
-
-bool
-hasEnvOption(const char *name, bool defaultValue) {
-	const char *value = getEnvString(name);
-	if (value != NULL) {
-		return strcmp(value, "yes") == 0
-			|| strcmp(value, "y") == 0
-			|| strcmp(value, "1") == 0
-			|| strcmp(value, "on") == 0
-			|| strcmp(value, "true") == 0;
-	} else {
-		return defaultValue;
-	}
-}
-
-// When we're in a crash handler, there's nothing we can do if we fail to
-// write to stderr, so we ignore its return value and we ignore compiler
-// warnings about ignoring that.
-static void
-write_nowarn(int fd, const void *buf, size_t n) {
-	ssize_t ret = write(fd, buf, n);
-	(void) ret;
-}
-
-// No idea whether strlen() is async signal safe, but let's not risk it
-// and write our own version instead that's guaranteed to be safe.
-static size_t
-safeStrlen(const char *str) {
-	size_t size = 0;
-	while (*str != '\0') {
-		str++;
-		size++;
-	}
-	return size;
-}
-
-// Async-signal safe way to print to stderr.
-static void
-safePrintErr(const char *message) {
-	write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, message, strlen(message));
-}
-
-// Must be async signal safe.
-static char *
-appendText(char *buf, const char *text) {
-	size_t len = safeStrlen(text);
-	strcpy(buf, text);
-	return buf + len;
-}
-
-// Must be async signal safe.
-static void
-reverse(char *str, size_t len) {
-	char *p1, *p2;
-	if (*str == '\0') {
-		return;
-	}
-	for (p1 = str, p2 = str + len - 1; p2 > p1; ++p1, --p2) {
-		*p1 ^= *p2;
-		*p2 ^= *p1;
-		*p1 ^= *p2;
-	}
-}
-
-// Must be async signal safe.
-static char *
-appendULL(char *buf, unsigned long long value) {
-	unsigned long long remainder = value;
-	unsigned int size = 0;
-
-	do {
-		buf[size] = digits[remainder % 10];
-		remainder = remainder / 10;
-		size++;
-	} while (remainder != 0);
-
-	reverse(buf, size);
-	return buf + size;
-}
-
-// Must be async signal safe.
-template<typename IntegerType>
-static char *
-appendIntegerAsHex(char *buf, IntegerType value) {
-	IntegerType remainder = value;
-	unsigned int size = 0;
-
-	do {
-		buf[size] = hex_chars[remainder % 16];
-		remainder = remainder / 16;
-		size++;
-	} while (remainder != 0);
-
-	reverse(buf, size);
-	return buf + size;
-}
-
-// Must be async signal safe.
-static char *
-appendPointerAsString(char *buf, void *pointer) {
-	// Use wierd union construction to avoid compiler warnings.
-	if (sizeof(void *) == sizeof(unsigned int)) {
-		union {
-			void *pointer;
-			unsigned int value;
-		} u;
-		u.pointer = pointer;
-		return appendIntegerAsHex(appendText(buf, "0x"), u.value);
-	} else if (sizeof(void *) == sizeof(unsigned long long)) {
-		union {
-			void *pointer;
-			unsigned long long value;
-		} u;
-		u.pointer = pointer;
-		return appendIntegerAsHex(appendText(buf, "0x"), u.value);
-	} else {
-		return appendText(buf, "(pointer size unsupported)");
-	}
-}
-
-static char *
-appendSignalName(char *buf, int signo) {
-	switch (signo) {
-	case SIGABRT:
-		buf = appendText(buf, "SIGABRT");
-		break;
-	case SIGSEGV:
-		buf = appendText(buf, "SIGSEGV");
-		break;
-	case SIGBUS:
-		buf = appendText(buf, "SIGBUS");
-		break;
-	case SIGFPE:
-		buf = appendText(buf, "SIGFPE");
-		break;
-	case SIGILL:
-		buf = appendText(buf, "SIGILL");
-		break;
-	default:
-		return appendULL(buf, (unsigned long long) signo);
-	}
-	buf = appendText(buf, "(");
-	buf = appendULL(buf, (unsigned long long) signo);
-	buf = appendText(buf, ")");
-	return buf;
-}
-
-#define SI_CODE_HANDLER(name) \
-	case name: \
-		buf = appendText(buf, #name); \
-		break
-
-// Must be async signal safe.
-static char *
-appendSignalReason(char *buf, siginfo_t *info) {
-	bool handled = true;
-
-	switch (info->si_code) {
-	SI_CODE_HANDLER(SI_USER);
-	#ifdef SI_KERNEL
-		SI_CODE_HANDLER(SI_KERNEL);
-	#endif
-	SI_CODE_HANDLER(SI_QUEUE);
-	SI_CODE_HANDLER(SI_TIMER);
-	#ifdef SI_ASYNCIO
-		SI_CODE_HANDLER(SI_ASYNCIO);
-	#endif
-	#ifdef SI_MESGQ
-		SI_CODE_HANDLER(SI_MESGQ);
-	#endif
-	#ifdef SI_SIGIO
-		SI_CODE_HANDLER(SI_SIGIO);
-	#endif
-	#ifdef SI_TKILL
-		SI_CODE_HANDLER(SI_TKILL);
-	#endif
-	default:
-		switch (info->si_signo) {
-		case SIGSEGV:
-			switch (info->si_code) {
-			#ifdef SEGV_MAPERR
-				SI_CODE_HANDLER(SEGV_MAPERR);
-			#endif
-			#ifdef SEGV_ACCERR
-				SI_CODE_HANDLER(SEGV_ACCERR);
-			#endif
-			default:
-				handled = false;
-				break;
-			}
-			break;
-		case SIGBUS:
-			switch (info->si_code) {
-			#ifdef BUS_ADRALN
-				SI_CODE_HANDLER(BUS_ADRALN);
-			#endif
-			#ifdef BUS_ADRERR
-				SI_CODE_HANDLER(BUS_ADRERR);
-			#endif
-			#ifdef BUS_OBJERR
-				SI_CODE_HANDLER(BUS_OBJERR);
-			#endif
-			default:
-				handled = false;
-				break;
-			}
-			break;
-		default:
-			handled = false;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!handled) {
-			buf = appendText(buf, "#");
-			buf = appendULL(buf, (unsigned long long) info->si_code);
-		}
-		break;
-	}
-
-	if (info->si_code <= 0) {
-		buf = appendText(buf, ", signal sent by PID ");
-		buf = appendULL(buf, (unsigned long long) info->si_pid);
-		buf = appendText(buf, " with UID ");
-		buf = appendULL(buf, (unsigned long long) info->si_uid);
-	}
-
-	buf = appendText(buf, ", si_addr=");
-	buf = appendPointerAsString(buf, info->si_addr);
-
-	return buf;
-}
-
-static int
-runInSubprocessWithTimeLimit(AbortHandlerState &state, Callback callback, void *userData, int timeLimit) {
-	char *end;
-	pid_t child;
-	int p[2], e;
-
-	if (pipe(p) == -1) {
-		e = errno;
-		end = state.messageBuf;
-		end = appendText(end, "Could not create subprocess: pipe() failed with errno=");
-		end = appendULL(end, e);
-		end = appendText(end, "\n");
-		write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	child = asyncFork();
-	if (child == 0) {
-		close(p[0]);
-		callback(state, userData);
-		_exit(0);
-		return -1;
-
-	} else if (child == -1) {
-		e = errno;
-		close(p[0]);
-		close(p[1]);
-		end = state.messageBuf;
-		end = appendText(end, "Could not create subprocess: fork() failed with errno=");
-		end = appendULL(end, e);
-		end = appendText(end, "\n");
-		write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-		return -1;
-
-	} else {
-		int status;
-		close(p[1]);
-
-		// We give the child process a time limit. If it doesn't succeed in
-		// exiting within the time limit, we assume that it has frozen
-		// and we kill it.
-		struct pollfd fd;
-		fd.fd = p[0];
-		fd.events = POLLIN | POLLHUP | POLLERR;
-		if (poll(&fd, 1, timeLimit) <= 0) {
-			kill(child, SIGKILL);
-			safePrintErr("Could not run child process: it did not exit in time\n");
-		}
-		close(p[0]);
-		if (waitpid(child, &status, 0) == child) {
-			return status;
-		} else {
-			return -1;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static void
-dumpFileDescriptorInfoWithLsof(AbortHandlerState &state, void *userData) {
-	char *end;
-
-	end = state.messageBuf;
-	end = appendULL(end, state.pid);
-	*end = '\0';
-
-	closeAllFileDescriptors(2, true);
-
-	execlp("lsof", "lsof", "-p", state.messageBuf, "-nP", (const char * const) 0);
-
-	end = state.messageBuf;
-	end = appendText(end, "ERROR: cannot execute command 'lsof': errno=");
-	end = appendULL(end, errno);
-	end = appendText(end, "\n");
-	write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-	_exit(1);
-}
-
-static void
-dumpFileDescriptorInfoWithLs(AbortHandlerState &state, char *end) {
-	pid_t pid;
-	int status;
-
-	pid = asyncFork();
-	if (pid == 0) {
-		closeAllFileDescriptors(2, true);
-		// The '-v' is for natural sorting on Linux. On BSD -v means something else but it's harmless.
-		execlp("ls", "ls", "-lv", state.messageBuf, (const char * const) 0);
-		_exit(1);
-	} else if (pid == -1) {
-		safePrintErr("ERROR: Could not fork a process to dump file descriptor information!\n");
-	} else if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid || status != 0) {
-		safePrintErr("ERROR: Could not run 'ls' to dump file descriptor information!\n");
-	}
-}
-
-static void
-dumpFileDescriptorInfo(AbortHandlerState &state) {
-	char *messageBuf = state.messageBuf;
-	char *end;
-	struct stat buf;
-	int status;
-
-	end = messageBuf;
-	end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-	end = appendText(end, " ] Open files and file descriptors:\n");
-	write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, messageBuf, end - messageBuf);
-
-	status = runInSubprocessWithTimeLimit(state, dumpFileDescriptorInfoWithLsof, NULL, 4000);
-
-	if (status != 0) {
-		safePrintErr("Falling back to another mechanism for dumping file descriptors.\n");
-
-		end = messageBuf;
-		end = appendText(end, "/proc/");
-		end = appendULL(end, state.pid);
-		end = appendText(end, "/fd");
-		*end = '\0';
-		if (stat(messageBuf, &buf) == 0) {
-			dumpFileDescriptorInfoWithLs(state, end + 1);
-		} else {
-			end = messageBuf;
-			end = appendText(end, "/dev/fd");
-			*end = '\0';
-			if (stat(messageBuf, &buf) == 0) {
-				dumpFileDescriptorInfoWithLs(state, end + 1);
-			} else {
-				end = messageBuf;
-				end = appendText(end, "ERROR: No other file descriptor dumping mechanism on current platform detected.\n");
-				write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, messageBuf, end - messageBuf);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static void
-dumpWithCrashWatch(AbortHandlerState &state) {
-	char *messageBuf = state.messageBuf;
-	const char *pidStr = messageBuf;
-	char *end = messageBuf;
-	end = appendULL(end, (unsigned long long) state.pid);
-	*end = '\0';
-
-	pid_t child = asyncFork();
-	if (child == 0) {
-		closeAllFileDescriptors(2, true);
-		execlp(defaultRuby, defaultRuby, crashWatch, rubyLibDir,
-			passengerRoot, "--dump", pidStr, (char * const) 0);
-		int e = errno;
-		end = messageBuf;
-		end = appendText(end, "crash-watch is could not be executed! ");
-		end = appendText(end, "(execlp() returned errno=");
-		end = appendULL(end, e);
-		end = appendText(end, ") Please check your file permissions or something.\n");
-		write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, messageBuf, end - messageBuf);
-		_exit(1);
-
-	} else if (child == -1) {
-		int e = errno;
-		end = messageBuf;
-		end = appendText(end, "Could not execute crash-watch: fork() failed with errno=");
-		end = appendULL(end, e);
-		end = appendText(end, "\n");
-		write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, messageBuf, end - messageBuf);
-
-	} else {
-		waitpid(child, NULL, 0);
-	}
-}
-
-#ifdef LIBC_HAS_BACKTRACE_FUNC
-	static void
-	dumpBacktrace(AbortHandlerState &state, void *userData) {
-		void *backtraceStore[512];
-		int frames = backtrace(backtraceStore, sizeof(backtraceStore) / sizeof(void *));
-		char *end = state.messageBuf;
-		end = appendText(end, "--------------------------------------\n");
-		end = appendText(end, "[ pid=");
-		end = appendULL(end, (unsigned long long) state.pid);
-		end = appendText(end, " ] Backtrace with ");
-		end = appendULL(end, (unsigned long long) frames);
-		end = appendText(end, " frames:\n");
-		write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-
-		if (backtraceSanitizerCommand != NULL) {
-			int p[2];
-			if (pipe(p) == -1) {
-				int e = errno;
-				end = state.messageBuf;
-				end = appendText(end, "Could not dump diagnostics through backtrace sanitizer: pipe() failed with errno=");
-				end = appendULL(end, e);
-				end = appendText(end, "\n");
-				end = appendText(end, "Falling back to writing to stderr directly...\n");
-				write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-				backtrace_symbols_fd(backtraceStore, frames, STDERR_FILENO);
-				return;
-			}
-
-			pid_t pid = asyncFork();
-			if (pid == 0) {
-				const char *pidStr = end = state.messageBuf;
-				end = appendULL(end, (unsigned long long) state.pid);
-				*end = '\0';
-				end++;
-
-				close(p[1]);
-				dup2(p[0], STDIN_FILENO);
-				closeAllFileDescriptors(2, true);
-
-				char *command = end;
-				end = appendText(end, "exec ");
-				end = appendText(end, backtraceSanitizerCommand);
-				if (backtraceSanitizerPassProgramInfo) {
-					end = appendText(end, " \"");
-					end = appendText(end, origArgv[0]);
-					end = appendText(end, "\" ");
-					end = appendText(end, pidStr);
-				}
-				*end = '\0';
-				end++;
-				execlp("/bin/sh", "/bin/sh", "-c", command, (const char * const) 0);
-
-				end = state.messageBuf;
-				end = appendText(end, "ERROR: cannot execute '");
-				end = appendText(end, backtraceSanitizerCommand);
-				end = appendText(end, "' for sanitizing the backtrace, trying 'cat'...\n");
-				write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-				execlp("cat", "cat", (const char * const) 0);
-				execlp("/bin/cat", "cat", (const char * const) 0);
-				execlp("/usr/bin/cat", "cat", (const char * const) 0);
-				safePrintErr("ERROR: cannot execute 'cat'\n");
-				_exit(1);
-
-			} else if (pid == -1) {
-				close(p[0]);
-				close(p[1]);
-				int e = errno;
-				end = state.messageBuf;
-				end = appendText(end, "Could not dump diagnostics through backtrace sanitizer: fork() failed with errno=");
-				end = appendULL(end, e);
-				end = appendText(end, "\n");
-				end = appendText(end, "Falling back to writing to stderr directly...\n");
-				write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-				backtrace_symbols_fd(backtraceStore, frames, STDERR_FILENO);
-
-			} else {
-				int status = -1;
-
-				close(p[0]);
-				backtrace_symbols_fd(backtraceStore, frames, p[1]);
-				close(p[1]);
-				if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) == -1 || status != 0) {
-					end = state.messageBuf;
-					end = appendText(end, "ERROR: cannot execute '");
-					end = appendText(end, backtraceSanitizerCommand);
-					end = appendText(end, "' for sanitizing the backtrace, writing to stderr directly...\n");
-					write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-					backtrace_symbols_fd(backtraceStore, frames, STDERR_FILENO);
-				}
-			}
-
-		} else {
-			backtrace_symbols_fd(backtraceStore, frames, STDERR_FILENO);
-		}
-	}
-#endif
-
-static void
-runCustomDiagnosticsDumper(AbortHandlerState &state, void *userData) {
-	customDiagnosticsDumper(customDiagnosticsDumperUserData);
-}
-
-// This function is performed in a child process.
-static void
-dumpDiagnostics(AbortHandlerState &state) {
-	char *messageBuf = state.messageBuf;
-	char *end;
-	pid_t pid;
-	int status;
-
-	end = messageBuf;
-	end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-	end = appendText(end, " ] Date, uname and ulimits:\n");
-	write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, messageBuf, end - messageBuf);
-
-	// Dump human-readable time string and string.
-	pid = asyncFork();
-	if (pid == 0) {
-		closeAllFileDescriptors(2, true);
-		execlp("date", "date", (const char * const) 0);
-		_exit(1);
-	} else if (pid == -1) {
-		safePrintErr("ERROR: Could not fork a process to dump the time!\n");
-	} else if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid || status != 0) {
-		safePrintErr("ERROR: Could not run 'date'!\n");
-	}
-
-	// Dump system uname.
-	pid = asyncFork();
-	if (pid == 0) {
-		closeAllFileDescriptors(2, true);
-		execlp("uname", "uname", "-mprsv", (const char * const) 0);
-		_exit(1);
-	} else if (pid == -1) {
-		safePrintErr("ERROR: Could not fork a process to dump the uname!\n");
-	} else if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid || status != 0) {
-		safePrintErr("ERROR: Could not run 'uname -mprsv'!\n");
-	}
-
-	// Dump ulimit.
-	pid = asyncFork();
-	if (pid == 0) {
-		closeAllFileDescriptors(2, true);
-		execlp("ulimit", "ulimit", "-a", (const char * const) 0);
-		// On Linux 'ulimit' is a shell builtin, not a command.
-		execlp("/bin/sh", "/bin/sh", "-c", "ulimit -a", (const char * const) 0);
-		_exit(1);
-	} else if (pid == -1) {
-		safePrintErr("ERROR: Could not fork a process to dump the ulimit!\n");
-	} else if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid || status != 0) {
-		safePrintErr("ERROR: Could not run 'ulimit -a'!\n");
-	}
-
-	end = messageBuf;
-	end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-	end = appendText(end, " ] " PROGRAM_NAME " version: " PASSENGER_VERSION "\n");
-	write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, messageBuf, end - messageBuf);
-
-	if (lastAssertionFailure.filename != NULL) {
-		end = messageBuf;
-		end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-		end = appendText(end, " ] Last assertion failure: (");
-		end = appendText(end, lastAssertionFailure.expression);
-		end = appendText(end, "), ");
-		if (lastAssertionFailure.function != NULL) {
-			end = appendText(end, "function ");
-			end = appendText(end, lastAssertionFailure.function);
-			end = appendText(end, ", ");
-		}
-		end = appendText(end, "file ");
-		end = appendText(end, lastAssertionFailure.filename);
-		end = appendText(end, ", line ");
-		end = appendULL(end, lastAssertionFailure.line);
-		end = appendText(end, ".\n");
-		write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, messageBuf, end - messageBuf);
-	}
-
-	// It is important that writing the message and the backtrace are two
-	// seperate operations because it's not entirely clear whether the
-	// latter is async signal safe and thus can crash.
-	end = messageBuf;
-	end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-	#ifdef LIBC_HAS_BACKTRACE_FUNC
-		end = appendText(end, " ] libc backtrace available!\n");
-	#else
-		end = appendText(end, " ] libc backtrace not available.\n");
-	#endif
-	write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, messageBuf, end - messageBuf);
-
-	#ifdef LIBC_HAS_BACKTRACE_FUNC
-		runInSubprocessWithTimeLimit(state, dumpBacktrace, NULL, 4000);
-	#endif
-
-	safePrintErr("--------------------------------------\n");
-
-	if (customDiagnosticsDumper != NULL) {
-		end = messageBuf;
-		end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-		end = appendText(end, " ] Dumping additional diagnostical information...\n");
-		write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, messageBuf, end - messageBuf);
-		safePrintErr("--------------------------------------\n");
-		runInSubprocessWithTimeLimit(state, runCustomDiagnosticsDumper, NULL, 2000);
-		safePrintErr("--------------------------------------\n");
-	}
-
-	dumpFileDescriptorInfo(state);
-	safePrintErr("--------------------------------------\n");
-
-	if (shouldDumpWithCrashWatch) {
-		end = messageBuf;
-		end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-		#ifdef LIBC_HAS_BACKTRACE_FUNC
-			end = appendText(end, " ] Dumping a more detailed backtrace with crash-watch...\n");
-		#else
-			end = appendText(end, " ] Dumping a backtrace with crash-watch...\n");
-		#endif
-		write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, messageBuf, end - messageBuf);
-		dumpWithCrashWatch(state);
-	} else {
-		write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, "\n", 1);
-	}
-}
-
-static bool
-createCrashLogFile(char *filename, time_t t) {
-	char *end = filename;
-	end = appendText(end, "/var/tmp/passenger-crash-log.");
-	end = appendULL(end, (unsigned long long) t);
-	*end = '\0';
-
-	int fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0600);
-	if (fd == -1) {
-		end = filename;
-		end = appendText(end, "/tmp/passenger-crash-log.");
-		end = appendULL(end, (unsigned long long) t);
-		*end = '\0';
-		fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0600);
-	}
-	if (fd == -1) {
-		*filename = '\0';
-		return false;
-	} else {
-		close(fd);
-		return true;
-	}
-}
-
-static void
-forkAndRedirectToTee(char *filename) {
-	pid_t pid;
-	int p[2];
-
-	if (pipe(p) == -1) {
-		// Signal error condition.
-		*filename = '\0';
-		return;
-	}
-
-	pid = asyncFork();
-	if (pid == 0) {
-		close(p[1]);
-		dup2(p[0], STDIN_FILENO);
-		execlp("tee", "tee", filename, (const char * const) 0);
-		execlp("/usr/bin/tee", "tee", filename, (const char * const) 0);
-		execlp("cat", "cat", (const char * const) 0);
-		execlp("/bin/cat", "cat", (const char * const) 0);
-		execlp("/usr/bin/cat", "cat", (const char * const) 0);
-		safePrintErr("ERROR: cannot execute 'tee' or 'cat'; crash log will be lost!\n");
-		_exit(1);
-	} else if (pid == -1) {
-		safePrintErr("ERROR: cannot fork a process for executing 'tee'\n");
-		*filename = '\0';
-	} else {
-		close(p[0]);
-		dup2(p[1], STDOUT_FILENO);
-		dup2(p[1], STDERR_FILENO);
-	}
-}
-
-static void
-abortHandler(int signo, siginfo_t *info, void *ctx) {
-	AbortHandlerState state;
-	state.pid = getpid();
-	state.signo = signo;
-	state.info = info;
-	pid_t child;
-	time_t t = time(NULL);
-	char crashLogFile[256];
-
-	abortHandlerCalled++;
-	if (abortHandlerCalled > 1) {
-		// The abort handler itself crashed!
-		char *end = state.messageBuf;
-		end = appendText(end, "[ origpid=");
-		end = appendULL(end, (unsigned long long) state.pid);
-		end = appendText(end, ", pid=");
-		end = appendULL(end, (unsigned long long) getpid());
-		end = appendText(end, ", timestamp=");
-		end = appendULL(end, (unsigned long long) t);
-		if (abortHandlerCalled == 2) {
-			// This is the first time it crashed.
-			end = appendText(end, " ] Abort handler crashed! signo=");
-			end = appendSignalName(end, state.signo);
-			end = appendText(end, ", reason=");
-			end = appendSignalReason(end, state.info);
-			end = appendText(end, "\n");
-			write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-			// Run default signal handler.
-			raise(signo);
-		} else {
-			// This is the second time it crashed, meaning it failed to
-			// invoke the default signal handler to abort the process!
-			end = appendText(end, " ] Abort handler crashed again! Force exiting this time. signo=");
-			end = appendSignalName(end, state.signo);
-			end = appendText(end, ", reason=");
-			end = appendSignalReason(end, state.info);
-			end = appendText(end, "\n");
-			write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-			_exit(1);
-		}
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (emergencyPipe1[0] != -1) {
-		close(emergencyPipe1[0]);
-	}
-	if (emergencyPipe1[1] != -1) {
-		close(emergencyPipe1[1]);
-	}
-	if (emergencyPipe2[0] != -1) {
-		close(emergencyPipe2[0]);
-	}
-	if (emergencyPipe2[1] != -1) {
-		close(emergencyPipe2[1]);
-	}
-	emergencyPipe1[0] = emergencyPipe1[1] = -1;
-	emergencyPipe2[0] = emergencyPipe2[1] = -1;
-
-	/* We want to dump the entire crash log to both stderr and a log file.
-	 * We use 'tee' for this.
-	 */
-	if (createCrashLogFile(crashLogFile, t)) {
-		forkAndRedirectToTee(crashLogFile);
-	}
-
-	char *end = state.messagePrefix;
-	end = appendText(end, "[ pid=");
-	end = appendULL(end, (unsigned long long) state.pid);
-	*end = '\0';
-
-	end = state.messageBuf;
-	end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-	end = appendText(end, ", timestamp=");
-	end = appendULL(end, (unsigned long long) t);
-	end = appendText(end, " ] Process aborted! signo=");
-	end = appendSignalName(end, state.signo);
-	end = appendText(end, ", reason=");
-	end = appendSignalReason(end, state.info);
-	end = appendText(end, ", randomSeed=");
-	end = appendULL(end, (unsigned long long) randomSeed);
-	end = appendText(end, "\n");
-	write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-
-	end = state.messageBuf;
-	if (*crashLogFile != '\0') {
-		end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-		end = appendText(end, " ] Crash log dumped to ");
-		end = appendText(end, crashLogFile);
-		end = appendText(end, "\n");
-	} else {
-		end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-		end = appendText(end, " ] Could not create crash log file, so dumping to stderr only.\n");
-	}
-	write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-
-	if (beepOnAbort) {
-		end = state.messageBuf;
-		end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-		end = appendText(end, " ] PASSENGER_BEEP_ON_ABORT on, executing beep...\n");
-		write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-
-		child = asyncFork();
-		if (child == 0) {
-			closeAllFileDescriptors(2, true);
-			#ifdef __APPLE__
-				execlp("osascript", "osascript", "-e", "beep 2", (const char * const) 0);
-				safePrintErr("Cannot execute 'osascript' command\n");
-			#else
-				execlp("beep", "beep", (const char * const) 0);
-				safePrintErr("Cannot execute 'beep' command\n");
-			#endif
-			_exit(1);
-
-		} else if (child == -1) {
-			int e = errno;
-			end = state.messageBuf;
-			end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-			end = appendText(end, " ] Could fork a child process for invoking a beep: fork() failed with errno=");
-			end = appendULL(end, e);
-			end = appendText(end, "\n");
-			write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (stopOnAbort) {
-		end = state.messageBuf;
-		end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-		end = appendText(end, " ] PASSENGER_STOP_ON_ABORT on, so process stopped. Send SIGCONT when you want to continue.\n");
-		write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-		raise(SIGSTOP);
-	}
-
-	// It isn't safe to call any waiting functions in this signal handler,
-	// not even read() and waitpid() even though they're async signal safe.
-	// So we fork a child process and let it dump as much diagnostics as possible
-	// instead of doing it in this process.
-	child = asyncFork();
-	if (child == 0) {
-		// Sleep for a short while to allow the parent process to raise SIGSTOP.
-		// usleep() and nanosleep() aren't async signal safe so we use select()
-		// instead.
-		struct timeval tv;
-		tv.tv_sec = 0;
-		tv.tv_usec = 100000;
-		select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, &tv);
-
-		resetSignalHandlersAndMask();
-
-		child = asyncFork();
-		if (child == 0) {
-			// OS X: for some reason the SIGPIPE handler may be reset to default after forking.
-			// Later in this program we're going to pipe backtrace_symbols_fd() into the backtrace
-			// sanitizer, which may fail, and we don't want the diagnostics process to crash
-			// with SIGPIPE as a result, so we ignore SIGPIPE again.
-			ignoreSigpipe();
-			dumpDiagnostics(state);
-			// The child process may or may or may not resume the original process.
-			// We do it ourselves just to be sure.
-			kill(state.pid, SIGCONT);
-			_exit(0);
-
-		} else if (child == -1) {
-			int e = errno;
-			end = state.messageBuf;
-			end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-			end = appendText(end, "] Could fork a child process for dumping diagnostics: fork() failed with errno=");
-			end = appendULL(end, e);
-			end = appendText(end, "\n");
-			write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-			_exit(1);
-
-		} else {
-			// Exit immediately so that child process is adopted by init process.
-			_exit(0);
-		}
-
-	} else if (child == -1) {
-		int e = errno;
-		end = state.messageBuf;
-		end = appendText(end, state.messagePrefix);
-		end = appendText(end, " ] Could fork a child process for dumping diagnostics: fork() failed with errno=");
-		end = appendULL(end, e);
-		end = appendText(end, "\n");
-		write_nowarn(STDERR_FILENO, state.messageBuf, end - state.messageBuf);
-
-	} else {
-		raise(SIGSTOP);
-		// Will continue after the child process has done its job.
-	}
-
-	// Run default signal handler.
-	raise(signo);
-}
-
-/*
- * Override assert() to add more features and to fix bugs. We save the information
- * of the last assertion failure in a global variable so that we can print it
- * to the crash diagnostics report.
- */
-#if defined(__GLIBC__)
-	extern "C" __attribute__ ((__noreturn__))
-	void
-	__assert_fail(__const char *__assertion, __const char *__file,
-		unsigned int __line, __const char *__function)
-	{
-		lastAssertionFailure.filename = __file;
-		lastAssertionFailure.line = __line;
-		lastAssertionFailure.function = __function;
-		lastAssertionFailure.expression = __assertion;
-		fprintf(stderr, "Assertion failed! %s:%u: %s: %s\n", __file, __line, __function, __assertion);
-		fflush(stderr);
-		abort();
-	}
-
-#elif defined(__APPLE__)
-	/* On OS X, raise() and abort() unfortunately send SIGABRT to the main thread,
-	 * causing the original backtrace to be lost in the signal handler.
-	 * We work around this for anything in the same linkage unit by just definin
-	 * our own versions of the assert handler and abort.
-	 */
-
-	#include <pthread.h>
-
-	extern "C" int
-	raise(int sig) {
-		return pthread_kill(pthread_self(), sig);
-	}
-
-	extern "C" void
-	__assert_rtn(const char *func, const char *file, int line, const char *expr) {
-		lastAssertionFailure.filename = file;
-		lastAssertionFailure.line = line;
-		lastAssertionFailure.function = func;
-		lastAssertionFailure.expression = expr;
-		if (func) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Assertion failed: (%s), function %s, file %s, line %d.\n",
-				expr, func, file, line);
-		} else {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Assertion failed: (%s), file %s, line %d.\n",
-				expr, file, line);
-		}
-		fflush(stderr);
-		abort();
-	}
-
-	extern "C" void
-	abort() {
-		sigset_t set;
-		sigemptyset(&set);
-		sigaddset(&set, SIGABRT);
-		pthread_sigmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &set, NULL);
-		raise(SIGABRT);
-		usleep(1000);
-		__builtin_trap();
-	}
-#endif /* __APPLE__ */
-
-void
-installAgentAbortHandler() {
-	alternativeStackSize = MINSIGSTKSZ + 128 * 1024;
-	alternativeStack = (char *) malloc(alternativeStackSize);
-	if (alternativeStack == NULL) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot allocate an alternative with a size of %u bytes!\n",
-			alternativeStackSize);
-		fflush(stderr);
-		abort();
-	}
-
-	stack_t stack;
-	stack.ss_sp = alternativeStack;
-	stack.ss_size = alternativeStackSize;
-	stack.ss_flags = 0;
-	if (sigaltstack(&stack, NULL) != 0) {
-		int e = errno;
-		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot install an alternative stack for use in signal handlers: %s (%d)\n",
-			strerror(e), e);
-		fflush(stderr);
-		abort();
-	}
-
-	struct sigaction action;
-	action.sa_sigaction = abortHandler;
-	action.sa_flags = SA_RESETHAND | SA_SIGINFO;
-	sigemptyset(&action.sa_mask);
-	sigaction(SIGABRT, &action, NULL);
-	sigaction(SIGSEGV, &action, NULL);
-	sigaction(SIGBUS, &action, NULL);
-	sigaction(SIGFPE, &action, NULL);
-	sigaction(SIGILL, &action, NULL);
-}
-
-void
-installDiagnosticsDumper(DiagnosticsDumper func, void *userData) {
-	customDiagnosticsDumper = func;
-	customDiagnosticsDumperUserData = userData;
-}
-
-bool
-feedbackFdAvailable() {
-	return _feedbackFdAvailable;
-}
-
-static int
-lookupErrno(const char *name) {
-	struct Entry {
-		int errorCode;
-		const char * const name;
-	};
-	static const Entry entries[] = {
-		{ EPERM, "EPERM" },
-		{ ENOENT, "ENOENT" },
-		{ ESRCH, "ESRCH" },
-		{ EINTR, "EINTR" },
-		{ EBADF, "EBADF" },
-		{ ENOMEM, "ENOMEM" },
-		{ EACCES, "EACCES" },
-		{ EBUSY, "EBUSY" },
-		{ EEXIST, "EEXIST" },
-		{ ENOTDIR, "ENOTDIR" },
-		{ EISDIR, "EISDIR" },
-		{ EINVAL, "EINVAL" },
-		{ ENFILE, "ENFILE" },
-		{ EMFILE, "EMFILE" },
-		{ ENOTTY, "ENOTTY" },
-		{ ETXTBSY, "ETXTBSY" },
-		{ ENOSPC, "ENOSPC" },
-		{ ESPIPE, "ESPIPE" },
-		{ EMLINK, "EMLINK" },
-		{ EPIPE, "EPIPE" },
-		{ EAGAIN, "EAGAIN" },
-		{ EWOULDBLOCK, "EWOULDBLOCK" },
-		{ EINPROGRESS, "EINPROGRESS" },
-		{ EADDRINUSE, "EADDRINUSE" },
-		{ EADDRNOTAVAIL, "EADDRNOTAVAIL" },
-		{ ENETUNREACH, "ENETUNREACH" },
-		{ ECONNABORTED, "ECONNABORTED" },
-		{ ECONNRESET, "ECONNRESET" },
-		{ EISCONN, "EISCONN" },
-		{ ENOTCONN, "ENOTCONN" },
-		{ ETIMEDOUT, "ETIMEDOUT" },
-		{ ECONNREFUSED, "ECONNREFUSED" },
-		{ EHOSTDOWN, "EHOSTDOWN" },
-		{ EHOSTUNREACH, "EHOSTUNREACH" },
-		#ifdef EIO
-			{ EIO, "EIO" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENXIO
-			{ ENXIO, "ENXIO" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef E2BIG
-			{ E2BIG, "E2BIG" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOEXEC
-			{ ENOEXEC, "ENOEXEC" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ECHILD
-			{ ECHILD, "ECHILD" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EDEADLK
-			{ EDEADLK, "EDEADLK" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EFAULT
-			{ EFAULT, "EFAULT" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOTBLK
-			{ ENOTBLK, "ENOTBLK" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EXDEV
-			{ EXDEV, "EXDEV" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENODEV
-			{ ENODEV, "ENODEV" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EFBIG
-			{ EFBIG, "EFBIG" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EROFS
-			{ EROFS, "EROFS" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EDOM
-			{ EDOM, "EDOM" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ERANGE
-			{ ERANGE, "ERANGE" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EALREADY
-			{ EALREADY, "EALREADY" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOTSOCK
-			{ ENOTSOCK, "ENOTSOCK" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EDESTADDRREQ
-			{ EDESTADDRREQ, "EDESTADDRREQ" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EMSGSIZE
-			{ EMSGSIZE, "EMSGSIZE" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EPROTOTYPE
-			{ EPROTOTYPE, "EPROTOTYPE" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOPROTOOPT
-			{ ENOPROTOOPT, "ENOPROTOOPT" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EPROTONOSUPPORT
-			{ EPROTONOSUPPORT, "EPROTONOSUPPORT" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ESOCKTNOSUPPORT
-			{ ESOCKTNOSUPPORT, "ESOCKTNOSUPPORT" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOTSUP
-			{ ENOTSUP, "ENOTSUP" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EOPNOTSUPP
-			{ EOPNOTSUPP, "EOPNOTSUPP" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EPFNOSUPPORT
-			{ EPFNOSUPPORT, "EPFNOSUPPORT" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EAFNOSUPPORT
-			{ EAFNOSUPPORT, "EAFNOSUPPORT" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENETDOWN
-			{ ENETDOWN, "ENETDOWN" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENETRESET
-			{ ENETRESET, "ENETRESET" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOBUFS
-			{ ENOBUFS, "ENOBUFS" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ESHUTDOWN
-			{ ESHUTDOWN, "ESHUTDOWN" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ETOOMANYREFS
-			{ ETOOMANYREFS, "ETOOMANYREFS" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ELOOP
-			{ ELOOP, "ELOOP" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENAMETOOLONG
-			{ ENAMETOOLONG, "ENAMETOOLONG" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOTEMPTY
-			{ ENOTEMPTY, "ENOTEMPTY" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EPROCLIM
-			{ EPROCLIM, "EPROCLIM" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EUSERS
-			{ EUSERS, "EUSERS" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EDQUOT
-			{ EDQUOT, "EDQUOT" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ESTALE
-			{ ESTALE, "ESTALE" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EREMOTE
-			{ EREMOTE, "EREMOTE" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EBADRPC
-			{ EBADRPC, "EBADRPC" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ERPCMISMATCH
-			{ ERPCMISMATCH, "ERPCMISMATCH" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EPROGUNAVAIL
-			{ EPROGUNAVAIL, "EPROGUNAVAIL" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EPROGMISMATCH
-			{ EPROGMISMATCH, "EPROGMISMATCH" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EPROCUNAVAIL
-			{ EPROCUNAVAIL, "EPROCUNAVAIL" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOLCK
-			{ ENOLCK, "ENOLCK" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOSYS
-			{ ENOSYS, "ENOSYS" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EFTYPE
-			{ EFTYPE, "EFTYPE" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EAUTH
-			{ EAUTH, "EAUTH" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENEEDAUTH
-			{ ENEEDAUTH, "ENEEDAUTH" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EPWROFF
-			{ EPWROFF, "EPWROFF" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EDEVERR
-			{ EDEVERR, "EDEVERR" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EOVERFLOW
-			{ EOVERFLOW, "EOVERFLOW" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EBADEXEC
-			{ EBADEXEC, "EBADEXEC" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EBADARCH
-			{ EBADARCH, "EBADARCH" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ESHLIBVERS
-			{ ESHLIBVERS, "ESHLIBVERS" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EBADMACHO
-			{ EBADMACHO, "EBADMACHO" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ECANCELED
-			{ ECANCELED, "ECANCELED" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EIDRM
-			{ EIDRM, "EIDRM" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOMSG
-			{ ENOMSG, "ENOMSG" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EILSEQ
-			{ EILSEQ, "EILSEQ" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOATTR
-			{ ENOATTR, "ENOATTR" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EBADMSG
-			{ EBADMSG, "EBADMSG" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EMULTIHOP
-			{ EMULTIHOP, "EMULTIHOP" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENODATA
-			{ ENODATA, "ENODATA" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOLINK
-			{ ENOLINK, "ENOLINK" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOSR
-			{ ENOSR, "ENOSR" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOSTR
-			{ ENOSTR, "ENOSTR" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EPROTO
-			{ EPROTO, "EPROTO" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ETIME
-			{ ETIME, "ETIME" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EOPNOTSUPP
-			{ EOPNOTSUPP, "EOPNOTSUPP" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOPOLICY
-			{ ENOPOLICY, "ENOPOLICY" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef ENOTRECOVERABLE
-			{ ENOTRECOVERABLE, "ENOTRECOVERABLE" },
-		#endif
-		#ifdef EOWNERDEAD
-			{ EOWNERDEAD, "EOWNERDEAD" },
-		#endif
-	};
-
-	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < sizeof(entries) / sizeof(Entry); i++) {
-		if (strcmp(entries[i].name, name) == 0) {
-			return entries[i].errorCode;
-		}
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-static void
-initializeSyscallFailureSimulation(const char *processName) {
-	// Format:
-	// PassengerAgent watchdog=EMFILE:0.1,ECONNREFUSED:0.25;PassengerAgent core=ESPIPE=0.4
-	const char *spec = getenv("PASSENGER_SIMULATE_SYSCALL_FAILURES");
-	string prefix = string(processName) + "=";
-	vector<string> components;
-	unsigned int i;
-
-	// Lookup this process in the specification string.
-	split(spec, ';', components);
-	for (i = 0; i < components.size(); i++) {
-		if (startsWith(components[i], prefix)) {
-			// Found!
-			string value = components[i].substr(prefix.size());
-			split(value, ',', components);
-			vector<string> keyAndValue;
-			vector<ErrorChance> chances;
-
-			// Process each errorCode:chance pair.
-			for (i = 0; i < components.size(); i++) {
-				split(components[i], ':', keyAndValue);
-				if (keyAndValue.size() != 2) {
-					fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid syntax in PASSENGER_SIMULATE_SYSCALL_FAILURES: '%s'\n",
-						processName, components[i].c_str());
-					continue;
-				}
-
-				int e = lookupErrno(keyAndValue[0].c_str());
-				if (e == -1) {
-					fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid error code in PASSENGER_SIMULATE_SYSCALL_FAILURES: '%s'\n",
-						processName, components[i].c_str());
-					continue;
-				}
-
-				ErrorChance chance;
-				chance.chance = atof(keyAndValue[1].c_str());
-				if (chance.chance < 0 || chance.chance > 1) {
-					fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid chance PASSENGER_SIMULATE_SYSCALL_FAILURES: '%s' - chance must be between 0 and 1\n",
-						processName, components[i].c_str());
-					continue;
-				}
-				chance.errorCode = e;
-				chances.push_back(chance);
-			}
-
-			// Install the chances.
-			setup_random_failure_simulation(&chances[0], chances.size());
-			return;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static bool isBlank(const char *str) {
-	while (*str != '\0') {
-		if (*str != ' ') {
-			return false;
-		}
-		str++;
-	}
-	return true;
-}
-
-static bool
-extraArgumentsPassed(int argc, char *argv[], int argStartIndex) {
-	assert(argc >= argStartIndex);
-	return argc > argStartIndex + 1
-		// Allow the Watchdog to pass an all-whitespace argument. This
-		// argument provides the memory space for us to change the process title.
-		|| (argc == argStartIndex + 1 && !isBlank(argv[argStartIndex]));
-}
-
-VariantMap
-initializeAgent(int argc, char **argv[], const char *processName,
-	OptionParserFunc optionParser, PreinitializationFunc preinit,
-	int argStartIndex)
-{
-	VariantMap options;
-	const char *seedStr;
-
-	seedStr = getEnvString("PASSENGER_RANDOM_SEED");
-	if (seedStr == NULL) {
-		randomSeed = (unsigned int) time(NULL);
-	} else {
-		randomSeed = (unsigned int) atoll(seedStr);
-	}
-	srand(randomSeed);
-	srandom(randomSeed);
-
-	ignoreSigpipe();
-	if (hasEnvOption("PASSENGER_ABORT_HANDLER", true)) {
-		shouldDumpWithCrashWatch = hasEnvOption("PASSENGER_DUMP_WITH_CRASH_WATCH", true);
-		beepOnAbort = hasEnvOption("PASSENGER_BEEP_ON_ABORT");
-		stopOnAbort = hasEnvOption("PASSENGER_STOP_ON_ABORT");
-		IGNORE_SYSCALL_RESULT(pipe(emergencyPipe1));
-		IGNORE_SYSCALL_RESULT(pipe(emergencyPipe2));
-		installAgentAbortHandler();
-	}
-	oxt::initialize();
-	setup_syscall_interruption_support();
-	if (hasEnvOption("PASSENGER_SIMULATE_SYSCALL_FAILURES")) {
-		initializeSyscallFailureSimulation(processName);
-	}
-	setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
-	setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
-
-	TRACE_POINT();
-	try {
-		if (hasEnvOption("PASSENGER_USE_FEEDBACK_FD")) {
-			if (extraArgumentsPassed(argc, *argv, argStartIndex)) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "No arguments may be passed when using the feedback FD.\n");
-				exit(1);
-			}
-			_feedbackFdAvailable = true;
-			options.readFrom(FEEDBACK_FD);
-		} else if (optionParser != NULL) {
-			optionParser(argc, (const char **) *argv, options);
-		} else {
-			options.readFrom((const char **) *argv + argStartIndex,
-				argc - argStartIndex);
-		}
-
-		initializeAgentOptions(processName, options, preinit);
-	} catch (const tracable_exception &e) {
-		P_ERROR("*** ERROR: " << e.what() << "\n" << e.backtrace());
-		exit(1);
-	}
-
-	// Make a copy of the arguments before changing process title.
-	origArgv = (char **) malloc(argc * sizeof(char *));
-	for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
-		origArgv[i] = strdup((*argv)[i]);
-	}
-
-	// Change process title.
-	size_t totalArgLen = strlen((*argv)[0]);
-	for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		size_t len = strlen((*argv)[i]);
-		totalArgLen += len + 1;
-		memset((*argv)[i], '\0', len);
-	}
-	strncpy((*argv)[0], processName, totalArgLen);
-	*argv = origArgv;
-
-	P_DEBUG("Random seed: " << randomSeed);
-
-	return options;
-}
-
-void
-initializeAgentOptions(const char *processName, VariantMap &options,
-	PreinitializationFunc preinit)
-{
-	ResourceLocator locator;
-	string ruby;
-
-	if (options.has("passenger_root")) {
-		string path;
-		locator = ResourceLocator(options.get("passenger_root", true));
-		ruby = options.get("default_ruby", false, DEFAULT_RUBY);
-
-		rubyLibDir    = strdup(locator.getRubyLibDir().c_str());
-		passengerRoot = strdup(options.get("passenger_root", true).c_str());
-		defaultRuby   = strdup(ruby.c_str());
-
-		#ifdef __linux__
-			path = ruby + " \"" + locator.getHelperScriptsDir() +
-				"/backtrace-sanitizer.rb\"";
-			backtraceSanitizerCommand = strdup(path.c_str());
-		#endif
-
-		path = locator.getHelperScriptsDir() + "/crash-watch.rb";
-		crashWatch = strdup(path.c_str());
-	} else {
-		shouldDumpWithCrashWatch = false;
-	}
-
-	if (backtraceSanitizerCommand == NULL) {
-		backtraceSanitizerCommand = "c++filt -n";
-		backtraceSanitizerPassProgramInfo = false;
-	}
-
-	if (preinit != NULL) {
-		preinit(options);
-	}
-
-	options.setDefaultInt("log_level", DEFAULT_LOG_LEVEL);
-	setLogLevel(options.getInt("log_level"));
-	string logFile;
-	if (options.has("log_file")) {
-		logFile = options.get("log_file");
-	} else if (options.has("debug_log_file")) {
-		logFile = options.get("debug_log_file");
-	}
-	if (!logFile.empty()) {
-		try {
-			logFile = absolutizePath(logFile);
-		} catch (const SystemException &e) {
-			P_WARN("Cannot absolutize filename '" << logFile
-				<< "': " << e.what());
-		}
-		setLogFile(logFile);
-	}
-
-	if (options.has("file_descriptor_log_file")) {
-		logFile = options.get("file_descriptor_log_file");
-		try {
-			logFile = absolutizePath(logFile);
-		} catch (const SystemException &e) {
-			P_WARN("Cannot absolutize filename '" << logFile
-				<< "': " << e.what());
-		}
-		setFileDescriptorLogFile(logFile);
-
-		// This information helps dev/parse_file_descriptor_log.
-		FastStringStream<> stream;
-		_prepareLogEntry(stream, __FILE__, __LINE__);
-		stream << "Starting agent: " << processName << "\n";
-		_writeFileDescriptorLogEntry(stream.data(), stream.size());
-
-		P_LOG_FILE_DESCRIPTOR_OPEN4(getFileDescriptorLogFileFd(), __FILE__, __LINE__,
-			"file descriptor log file " << options.get("file_descriptor_log_file"));
-	} else {
-		// This information helps dev/parse_file_descriptor_log.
-		P_DEBUG("Starting agent: " << processName);
-	}
-
-	if (hasEnvOption("PASSENGER_USE_FEEDBACK_FD")) {
-		P_LOG_FILE_DESCRIPTOR_OPEN2(FEEDBACK_FD, "feedback FD");
-	}
-	if (emergencyPipe1[0] != -1) {
-		P_LOG_FILE_DESCRIPTOR_OPEN4(emergencyPipe1[0], __FILE__, __LINE__,
-			"Emergency pipe 1-0");
-		P_LOG_FILE_DESCRIPTOR_OPEN4(emergencyPipe1[1], __FILE__, __LINE__,
-			"Emergency pipe 1-1");
-		P_LOG_FILE_DESCRIPTOR_OPEN4(emergencyPipe2[0], __FILE__, __LINE__,
-			"Emergency pipe 2-0");
-		P_LOG_FILE_DESCRIPTOR_OPEN4(emergencyPipe2[1], __FILE__, __LINE__,
-			"Emergency pipe 2-1");
-	}
-}
-
-void
-shutdownAgent(VariantMap *agentOptions) {
-	delete agentOptions;
-	oxt::shutdown();
-}
-
-} // namespace Passenger