numo-narray 0.9.0.1-x86-mingw32

data/ext/numo/narray/gen/tmpl/each_with_index.c

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+static inline void
+yield_each_with_index(dtype x, size_t *c, VALUE *a, int nd, int md)
+{
+    int j;
+
+    a[0] = m_data_to_num(x);
+    for (j=0; j<=nd; j++) {
+        a[j+1] = SIZE2NUM(c[j]);
+    }
+    rb_yield(rb_ary_new4(md,a));
+}
+
+
+void
+<%=c_iter%>(na_loop_t *const lp)
+{
+    size_t i, s1;
+    char *p1;
+    size_t *idx1;
+    dtype x;
+    VALUE *a;
+    size_t *c;
+    int nd, md;
+
+    c = (size_t*)(lp->opt_ptr);
+    nd = lp->ndim - 1;
+    md = lp->ndim + 1;
+    a = ALLOCA_N(VALUE,md);
+
+    INIT_COUNTER(lp, i);
+    INIT_PTR_IDX(lp, 0, p1, s1, idx1);
+    c[nd] = 0;
+    if (idx1) {
+        for (; i--;) {
+            GET_DATA_INDEX(p1,idx1,dtype,x);
+            yield_each_with_index(x,c,a,nd,md);
+            c[nd]++;
+        }
+    } else {
+        for (; i--;) {
+            GET_DATA_STRIDE(p1,s1,dtype,x);
+            yield_each_with_index(x,c,a,nd,md);
+            c[nd]++;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+  Invokes the given block once for each element of self,
+  passing that element and indices along each axis as parameters.
+  @overload <%=method%>
+  @return [Numo::NArray] self
+  For a block {|x,i,j,...| ... }
+  @yield [x,i,j,...]  x is an element, i,j,... are multidimensional indices.
+*/
+static VALUE
+<%=c_func%>(VALUE self)
+{
+    ndfunc_arg_in_t ain[1] = {{Qnil,0}};
+    ndfunc_t ndf = {<%=c_iter%>, FULL_LOOP_NIP, 1,0, ain,0};
+
+    na_ndloop_with_index(&ndf, 1, self);
+    return self;
+}

data/ext/numo/narray/gen/tmpl/extract.c

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+  Extract an element only if self is a dimensionless NArray.
+  @overload extract
+  @return [Numeric,Numo::NArray]
+  --- Extract element value as Ruby Object if self is a dimensionless NArray,
+  otherwise returns self.
+*/
+VALUE
+numo_<%=tp%>_extract(VALUE self)
+{
+    volatile VALUE v;
+    char *ptr;
+    narray_t *na;
+    GetNArray(self,na);
+
+    if (na->ndim==0) {
+        ptr = na_get_pointer_for_read(self) + na_get_offset(self);
+        v = m_extract(ptr);
+        na_release_lock(self);
+        return v;
+    }
+    return self;
+}

data/ext/numo/narray/gen/tmpl/eye.c

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+static void
+<%=c_iter%>(na_loop_t *const lp)
+{
+    size_t   n0, n1;
+    size_t   i0, i1;
+    ssize_t  s0, s1;
+    char    *p0, *p1;
+    char    *g;
+    ssize_t kofs;
+    dtype   data;
+
+    g = (char*)(lp->opt_ptr);
+    kofs = *(ssize_t*)g;
+    data = *(dtype*)(g+sizeof(ssize_t));
+
+    n0 = lp->args[0].shape[0];
+    n1 = lp->args[0].shape[1];
+    s0 = lp->args[0].iter[0].step;
+    s1 = lp->args[0].iter[1].step;
+    p0 = NDL_PTR(lp,0);
+
+    for (i0=0; i0 < n0; i0++) {
+        p1 = p0;
+        for (i1=0; i1 < n1; i1++) {
+            *(dtype*)p1 = (i0+kofs==i1) ? data : m_zero;
+            p1 += s1;
+        }
+        p0 += s0;
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+  Eye: Set a value to diagonal components, set 0 to non-diagonal components.
+  @overload <%=method%>([element,offset])
+  @param [Numeric] element  Diagonal element to be stored. Default is 1.
+  @param [Integer] offset Diagonal offset from the main diagonal.  The
+      default is 0. k>0 for diagonals above the main diagonal, and k<0
+      for diagonals below the main diagonal.
+  @return [Numo::<%=class_name%>] <%=method%> of self.
+*/
+static VALUE
+<%=c_func%>(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    ndfunc_arg_in_t ain[1] = {{OVERWRITE,2}};
+    ndfunc_t ndf = {<%=c_iter%>, NO_LOOP, 1,0, ain,0};
+    ssize_t kofs;
+    dtype data;
+    char *g;
+    int nd;
+    narray_t *na;
+
+    // check arguments
+    if (argc > 2) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError,"too many arguments (%d for 0..2)",argc);
+    } else if (argc == 2) {
+        data = m_num_to_data(argv[0]);
+        kofs = NUM2SSIZE(argv[1]);
+    } else if (argc == 1) {
+        data = m_num_to_data(argv[0]);
+        kofs = 0;
+    } else {
+        data = m_one;
+        kofs = 0;
+    }
+
+    GetNArray(self,na);
+    nd = na->ndim;
+    if (nd < 2) {
+        rb_raise(nary_eDimensionError,"less than 2-d array");
+    }
+
+    // Diagonal offset from the main diagonal.
+    if (kofs >= 0) {
+        if ((size_t)(kofs) >= na->shape[nd-1]) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eArgError,"invalid diagonal offset(%ld) for "
+                     "last dimension size(%ld)",kofs,na->shape[nd-1]);
+        }
+    } else {
+        if ((size_t)(-kofs) >= na->shape[nd-2]) {
+            rb_raise(rb_eArgError,"invalid diagonal offset(%ld) for "
+                     "last-1 dimension size(%ld)",kofs,na->shape[nd-2]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    g = ALLOCA_N(char,sizeof(ssize_t)+sizeof(dtype));
+    *(ssize_t*)g = kofs;
+    *(dtype*)(g+sizeof(ssize_t)) = data;
+
+    na_ndloop3(&ndf, g, 1, self);
+    return self;
+}

data/ext/numo/narray/gen/tmpl/fill.c

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+static void
+<%=c_iter%>(na_loop_t *const lp)
+{
+    size_t   i;
+    char    *p1;
+    ssize_t  s1;
+    size_t  *idx1;
+    VALUE    x = lp->option;
+    dtype    y;
+    INIT_COUNTER(lp, i);
+    INIT_PTR_IDX(lp, 0, p1, s1, idx1);
+    y = m_num_to_data(x);
+    if (idx1) {
+        for (; i--;) {
+            SET_DATA_INDEX(p1,idx1,dtype,y);
+        }
+    } else {
+        for (; i--;) {
+            SET_DATA_STRIDE(p1,s1,dtype,y);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+  Fill elements with other.
+  @overload <%=method%> other
+  @param [Numeric] other
+  @return [Numo::<%=class_name%>] self.
+*/
+static VALUE
+<%=c_func%>(VALUE self, VALUE val)
+{
+    ndfunc_arg_in_t ain[2] = {{OVERWRITE,0},{sym_option}};
+    ndfunc_t ndf = { <%=c_iter%>, FULL_LOOP, 2, 0, ain, 0 };
+
+    na_ndloop(&ndf, 2, self, val);
+    return self;
+}

data/ext/numo/narray/gen/tmpl/format.c

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+static VALUE
+format_<%=tp%>(VALUE fmt, dtype* x)
+{
+    // fix-me
+    char s[48];
+    int n;
+
+    if (NIL_P(fmt)) {
+        n = m_sprintf(s,*x);
+        return rb_str_new(s,n);
+    }
+    return rb_funcall(fmt, '%', 1, m_data_to_num(*x));
+}
+
+static void
+<%=c_iter%>(na_loop_t *const lp)
+{
+    size_t  i;
+    char   *p1, *p2;
+    ssize_t s1, s2;
+    size_t *idx1;
+    dtype *x;
+    VALUE y;
+    VALUE fmt = lp->option;
+    INIT_COUNTER(lp, i);
+    INIT_PTR_IDX(lp, 0, p1, s1, idx1);
+    INIT_PTR(lp, 1, p2, s2);
+    if (idx1) {
+        for (; i--;) {
+            x = (dtype*)(p1+*idx1); idx1++;
+            y = format_<%=tp%>(fmt, x);
+            SET_DATA_STRIDE(p2, s2, VALUE, y);
+        }
+    } else {
+        for (; i--;) {
+            x = (dtype*)p1;         p1+=s1;
+            y = format_<%=tp%>(fmt, x);
+            SET_DATA_STRIDE(p2, s2, VALUE, y);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+  Format elements into strings.
+  @overload <%=method%> format
+  @param [String] format
+  @return [Numo::RObject] array of formated strings.
+*/
+static VALUE
+<%=c_func%>(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    VALUE fmt=Qnil;
+
+    ndfunc_arg_in_t ain[2] = {{Qnil,0},{sym_option}};
+    ndfunc_arg_out_t aout[1] = {{numo_cRObject,0}};
+    ndfunc_t ndf = { <%=c_iter%>, FULL_LOOP_NIP, 2, 1, ain, aout };
+
+    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &fmt);
+    return na_ndloop(&ndf, 2, self, fmt);
+}

data/ext/numo/narray/gen/tmpl/format_to_a.c

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+static void
+<%=c_iter%>(na_loop_t *const lp)
+{
+    size_t  i;
+    char   *p1;
+    ssize_t s1;
+    size_t *idx1;
+    dtype *x;
+    VALUE y;
+    volatile VALUE a;
+    VALUE fmt = lp->option;
+    INIT_COUNTER(lp, i);
+    INIT_PTR_IDX(lp, 0, p1, s1, idx1);
+    a = rb_ary_new2(i);
+    rb_ary_push(lp->args[1].value, a);
+    if (idx1) {
+        for (; i--;) {
+            x = (dtype*)(p1 + *idx1);  idx1++;
+            y = format_<%=tp%>(fmt, x);
+            rb_ary_push(a,y);
+        }
+    } else {
+        for (; i--;) {
+            x = (dtype*)p1;  p1+=s1;
+            y = format_<%=tp%>(fmt, x);
+            rb_ary_push(a,y);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+  Format elements into strings.
+  @overload <%=method%> format
+  @param [String] format
+  @return [Array] array of formated strings.
+*/
+static VALUE
+<%=c_func%>(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    volatile VALUE fmt=Qnil;
+    ndfunc_arg_in_t ain[3] = {{Qnil,0},{sym_loop_opt},{sym_option}};
+    ndfunc_arg_out_t aout[1] = {{rb_cArray,0}}; // dummy?
+    ndfunc_t ndf = { <%=c_iter%>, FULL_LOOP_NIP, 3, 1, ain, aout };
+
+    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &fmt);
+    return na_ndloop_cast_narray_to_rarray(&ndf, self, fmt);
+}

data/ext/numo/narray/gen/tmpl/head.c

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+  <%=type_name%>.c
+  Numerical Array Extension for Ruby
+    (C) Copyright 1999-2011,2013 by Masahiro TANAKA
+
+  This program is free software.
+  You can distribute/modify this program
+  under the same terms as Ruby itself.
+  NO WARRANTY.
+*/
+
+#include <ruby.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include "narray.h"
+#include "SFMT.h"
+#include "template.h"
+#include "<%=type_name%>.h"
+
+//#define cT  <%=type_var%>
+VALUE cT;
+//#define cRT <%=real_type_var%>
+
+#ifdef mTM
+VALUE mTM;
+#endif

data/ext/numo/narray/gen/tmpl/inspect.c

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+static VALUE
+<%=c_iter%>(char *ptr, size_t pos, VALUE fmt)
+{
+    return format_<%=tp%>(fmt, (dtype*)(ptr+pos));
+}
+
+/*
+  Returns a string containing a human-readable representation of NArray.
+  @overload inspect
+  @return [String]
+*/
+VALUE
+<%=c_func%>(VALUE ary)
+{
+    return na_ndloop_inspect(ary, <%=c_iter%>, Qnil);
+}

data/ext/numo/narray/gen/tmpl/map_with_index.c

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+static inline dtype
+yield_map_with_index(dtype x, size_t *c, VALUE *a, int nd, int md)
+{
+    int j;
+    VALUE y;
+
+    a[0] = m_data_to_num(x);
+    for (j=0; j<=nd; j++) {
+        a[j+1] = SIZE2NUM(c[j]);
+    }
+    y = rb_yield(rb_ary_new4(md,a));
+    return m_num_to_data(y);
+}
+
+void
+<%=c_iter%>(na_loop_t *const lp)
+{
+    size_t  i;
+    char   *p1, *p2;
+    ssize_t s1, s2;
+    size_t *idx1, *idx2;
+    dtype x;
+    VALUE *a;
+    size_t *c;
+    int nd, md;
+
+    c = (size_t*)(lp->opt_ptr);
+    nd = lp->ndim - 1;
+    md = lp->ndim + 1;
+    a = ALLOCA_N(VALUE,md);
+
+    INIT_COUNTER(lp, i);
+    INIT_PTR_IDX(lp, 0, p1, s1, idx1);
+    INIT_PTR_IDX(lp, 1, p2, s2, idx2);
+
+    c[nd] = 0;
+    if (idx1) {
+        if (idx2) {
+            for (; i--;) {
+                GET_DATA_INDEX(p1,idx1,dtype,x);
+                x = yield_map_with_index(x,c,a,nd,md);
+                SET_DATA_INDEX(p2,idx2,dtype,x);
+                c[nd]++;
+            }
+        } else {
+            for (; i--;) {
+                GET_DATA_INDEX(p1,idx1,dtype,x);
+                x = yield_map_with_index(x,c,a,nd,md);
+                SET_DATA_STRIDE(p2,s2,dtype,x);
+                c[nd]++;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (idx2) {
+            for (; i--;) {
+                GET_DATA_STRIDE(p1,s1,dtype,x);
+                x = yield_map_with_index(x,c,a,nd,md);
+                SET_DATA_INDEX(p2,idx2,dtype,x);
+                c[nd]++;
+            }
+        } else {
+            for (; i--;) {
+                GET_DATA_STRIDE(p1,s1,dtype,x);
+                x = yield_map_with_index(x,c,a,nd,md);
+                SET_DATA_STRIDE(p2,s2,dtype,x);
+                c[nd]++;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+  Invokes the given block once for each element of self,
+  passing that element and indices along each axis as parameters.
+  Creates a new NArray containing the values returned by the block.
+  Inplace option is allowed, i.e., `nary.inplace.map` overwrites `nary`.
+
+  @overload <%=method%>
+
+  For a block {|x,i,j,...| ... }
+  @yield [x,i,j,...]  x is an element, i,j,... are multidimensional indices.
+
+  @return [Numo::NArray] mapped array
+
+*/
+static VALUE
+<%=c_func%>(VALUE self)
+{
+    ndfunc_arg_in_t ain[1] = {{Qnil,0}};
+    ndfunc_arg_out_t aout[1] = {{cT,0}};
+    ndfunc_t ndf = {<%=c_iter%>, FULL_LOOP, 1,1, ain,aout};
+
+    return na_ndloop_with_index(&ndf, 1, self);
+}

data/ext/numo/narray/gen/tmpl/median.c

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+static void
+<%=c_iter%>(na_loop_t *const lp)
+{
+    size_t n;
+    char *p1, *p2;
+    dtype *buf;
+
+    INIT_COUNTER(lp, n);
+    p1 = (lp->args[0]).ptr + (lp->args[0].iter[0]).pos;
+    p2 = (lp->args[1]).ptr + (lp->args[1].iter[0]).pos;
+    buf = (dtype*)p1;
+
+    <%=tp%>_qsort(buf, n, sizeof(dtype));
+
+    <% if is_float %>
+    for (; n; n--) {
+        if (!isnan(buf[n-1])) break;
+    }
+    <% end %>
+
+    if (n==0) {
+        *(dtype*)p2 = buf[0];
+    }
+    else if (n%2==0) {
+        *(dtype*)p2 = (buf[n/2-1]+buf[n/2])/2;
+    }
+    else {
+        *(dtype*)p2 = buf[(n-1)/2];
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE
+<%=c_func%>(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    VALUE reduce;
+    ndfunc_arg_in_t ain[2] = {{cT,0},{sym_reduce,0}};
+    ndfunc_arg_out_t aout[1] = {{INT2FIX(0),0}};
+    ndfunc_t ndf = {<%=c_iter%>, STRIDE_LOOP_NIP|NDF_FLAT_REDUCE, 2,1, ain,aout};
+
+    self = na_copy(self);
+    reduce = na_reduce_dimension(argc, argv, 1, &self); // v[0] = self
+
+    return na_ndloop(&ndf, 2, self, reduce);
+}

data/ext/numo/narray/gen/tmpl/minmax.c

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+static void
+<%=c_iter%>(na_loop_t *const lp)
+{
+    size_t   i;
+    char    *p1;
+    ssize_t  s1;
+    dtype    x,xmin,xmax;
+
+    INIT_COUNTER(lp, i);
+    INIT_PTR(lp, 0, p1, s1);
+
+    xmin = xmax = *(dtype*)p1;
+    p1 += s1;
+    i--;
+    for (; i--;) {
+        x = *(dtype*)p1;
+        if (!m_isnan(x)) {
+            if (m_isnan(xmax) || m_gt(x,xmax)) {
+                xmax = x;
+            }
+            if (m_isnan(xmin) || m_lt(x,xmin)) {
+                xmin = x;
+            }
+        }
+        p1 += s1;
+    }
+    *(dtype*)(lp->args[1].ptr + lp->args[1].iter[0].pos) = xmin;
+    *(dtype*)(lp->args[2].ptr + lp->args[2].iter[0].pos) = xmax;
+}
+
+/*
+  <%=method.capitalize%> of self.
+  @overload <%=method%>(*args)
+  @param [Array of Numeric,Range] args  Affected dimensions.
+  @return [Numo::<%=class_name%>,Numo::<%=class_name%>] min and max of self.
+*/
+static VALUE
+<%=c_func%>(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    VALUE reduce;
+    ndfunc_arg_in_t ain[2] = {{cT,0},{sym_reduce,0}};
+    ndfunc_arg_out_t aout[2] = {{cT,0},{cT,0}};
+    ndfunc_t ndf = {<%=c_iter%>, STRIDE_LOOP_NIP|NDF_FLAT_REDUCE|NDF_EXTRACT, 2,2, ain,aout};
+
+    reduce = na_reduce_dimension(argc, argv, 1, &self);
+    return na_ndloop(&ndf, 2, self, reduce);
+}

data/ext/numo/narray/gen/tmpl/poly.c

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+static void
+<%=c_iter%>(na_loop_t *const lp)
+{
+    size_t  i;
+    dtype  x, y, a;
+
+    x = *(dtype*)(lp->args[0].ptr + lp->args[0].iter[0].pos);
+    i = lp->narg - 2;
+    y = *(dtype*)(lp->args[i].ptr + lp->args[i].iter[0].pos);
+    for (; --i;) {
+        y = m_mul(x,y);
+        a = *(dtype*)(lp->args[i].ptr + lp->args[i].iter[0].pos);
+        y = m_add(y,a);
+    }
+    i = lp->narg - 1;
+    *(dtype*)(lp->args[i].ptr + lp->args[i].iter[0].pos) = y;
+}
+
+/*
+  Polynomial.: a0 + a1*x + a2*x**2 + a3*x**3 + ... + an*x**n
+  @overload <%=method%> a0, a1, ...
+  @param [Numo::NArray,Numeric] a0
+  @param [Numo::NArray,Numeric] a1 , ...
+  @return [Numo::<%=class_name%>]
+*/
+static VALUE
+<%=c_func%>(VALUE self, VALUE args)
+{
+    int argc, i;
+    VALUE *argv;
+    volatile VALUE v, a;
+    ndfunc_arg_out_t aout[1] = {{cT,0}};
+    ndfunc_t ndf = { <%=c_iter%>, NO_LOOP, 0, 1, 0, aout };
+
+    argc = RARRAY_LEN(args);
+    ndf.nin = argc+1;
+    ndf.ain = ALLOCA_N(ndfunc_arg_in_t,argc+1);
+    for (i=0; i<argc+1; i++) {
+        ndf.ain[i].type = cT;
+    }
+    argv = ALLOCA_N(VALUE,argc+1);
+    argv[0] = self;
+    for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
+        argv[i+1] = RARRAY_PTR(args)[i];
+    }
+    a = rb_ary_new4(argc+1, argv);
+    v = na_ndloop2(&ndf, a);
+    return numo_<%=tp%>_extract(v);
+}

data/ext/numo/narray/gen/tmpl/pow.c

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+static void
+<%=c_iter%>(na_loop_t *const lp)
+{
+    size_t  i;
+    char    *p1, *p2, *p3;
+    ssize_t s1, s2, s3;
+    dtype    x, y;
+    INIT_COUNTER(lp, i);
+    INIT_PTR(lp, 0, p1, s1);
+    INIT_PTR(lp, 1, p2, s2);
+    INIT_PTR(lp, 2, p3, s3);
+    for (; i--;) {
+        GET_DATA_STRIDE(p1,s1,dtype,x);
+        GET_DATA_STRIDE(p2,s2,dtype,y);
+        x = m_pow(x,y);
+        SET_DATA_STRIDE(p3,s3,dtype,x);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+<%=c_iter%>_int32(na_loop_t *const lp)
+{
+    size_t  i;
+    char   *p1, *p2, *p3;
+    ssize_t s1, s2, s3;
+    dtype   x;
+    int32_t y;
+    INIT_COUNTER(lp, i);
+    INIT_PTR(lp, 0, p1, s1);
+    INIT_PTR(lp, 1, p2, s2);
+    INIT_PTR(lp, 2, p3, s3);
+    for (; i--;) {
+        GET_DATA_STRIDE(p1,s1,dtype,x);
+        GET_DATA_STRIDE(p2,s2,int32_t,y);
+        x = m_pow_int(x,y);
+        SET_DATA_STRIDE(p3,s3,dtype,x);
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE
+<%=c_func%>_self(VALUE self, VALUE other)
+{
+    ndfunc_arg_in_t ain[2] = {{cT,0},{cT,0}};
+    ndfunc_arg_in_t ain_i[2] = {{cT,0},{numo_cInt32,0}};
+    ndfunc_arg_out_t aout[1] = {{cT,0}};
+    ndfunc_t ndf = { <%=c_iter%>, STRIDE_LOOP, 2, 1, ain, aout };
+    ndfunc_t ndf_i = { <%=c_iter%>_int32, STRIDE_LOOP, 2, 1, ain_i, aout };
+
+    // fixme : use na.integer?
+    if (FIXNUM_P(other) || rb_obj_is_kind_of(other,numo_cInt32)) {
+        return na_ndloop(&ndf_i, 2, self, other);
+    } else {
+        return na_ndloop(&ndf, 2, self, other);
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+  Binary power.
+  @overload <%=op_map%> other
+  @param [Numo::NArray,Numeric] other
+  @return [Numo::NArray] self to the other-th power.
+*/
+static VALUE
+<%=c_func%>(VALUE self, VALUE other)
+{
+    VALUE klass, v;
+    klass = na_upcast(CLASS_OF(self),CLASS_OF(other));
+    if (klass==cT) {
+        return <%=c_func%>_self(self,other);
+    } else {
+        v = rb_funcall(klass, id_cast, 1, self);
+        return rb_funcall(v, id_pow, 1, other);
+    }
+}

data/ext/numo/narray/gen/tmpl/powint.c

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+static dtype pow_<%=tp%>(dtype x, int p)
+{
+    dtype r = m_one;
+    switch(p) {
+    case 2: return m_square(x);
+    case 3: return m_mul(m_square(x),x);
+    case 1: return x;
+    case 0: return m_one;
+    }
+    if (p<0)  return m_zero;
+    while (p) {
+        if ((p%2) == 1) r = m_mul(r,x);
+        x = m_square(x);
+        p /= 2;
+    }
+    return r;
+}