net-ssh 5.0.0.beta1 → 5.0.0.beta2

data/lib/net/ssh/authentication/pub_key_fingerprint.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+
+require 'openssl'
+
+module Net
+  module SSH
+    module Authentication
+      # Public key fingerprinting utility module - internal not part of API.
+      # This is included in pubkey classes and called from there. All RSA, DSA, and ECC keys
+      # are supported.
+      #
+      #     require 'net/ssh'
+      #     my_pubkey_text = File.read('/path/to/id_ed25519.pub')
+      #        #=> "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIDB2NBh4GJPPUN1kXPMu8b633Xcv55WoKC3OkBjFAbzJ alice@example.com"
+      #     my_pubkey = Net::SSH::KeyFactory.load_data_public_key(my_pubkey_text)
+      #        #=> #<Net::SSH::Authentication::ED25519::PubKey:0x00007fc8e91819b0
+      #     my_pubkey.fingerprint
+      #        #=> "2f:7f:97:21:76:a4:0f:38:c4:fe:d8:b4:6a:39:72:30"
+      #     my_pubkey.fingerprint('SHA256')
+      #        #=> "SHA256:u6mXnY8P1b0FODGp8mckqOB33u8+jvkSCtJbD5Q9klg"
+      module PubKeyFingerprint # :nodoc:
+        # Return the key's fingerprint.  Algorithm may be either +MD5+ (default),
+        # or +SHA256+. For +SHA256+, fingerprints are in the same format
+        # returned by OpenSSH's <tt>`ssh-add -l -E SHA256`</tt>, i.e.,
+        # trailing base64 padding '=' characters are stripped and the
+        # literal string +SHA256:+ is prepended.
+        def fingerprint(algorithm='MD5')
+          @fingerprint ||= {}
+          @fingerprint[algorithm] ||= PubKeyFingerprint.fingerprint(to_blob, algorithm)
+        end
+
+        def self.fingerprint(blob, algorithm='MD5')
+          case algorithm.to_s.upcase
+          when 'MD5'
+            OpenSSL::Digest.hexdigest(algorithm, blob).scan(/../).join(":")
+          when 'SHA256'
+            "SHA256:#{Base64.encode64(OpenSSL::Digest.digest(algorithm, blob)).chomp.gsub(/=+\z/, '')}"
+          else
+            raise OpenSSL::Digest::DigestError, "unsupported ssh key digest #{algorithm}"
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/net/ssh/authentication/session.rb

@@ -8,149 +8,153 @@ require 'net/ssh/authentication/methods/hostbased'
 require 'net/ssh/authentication/methods/password'
 require 'net/ssh/authentication/methods/keyboard_interactive'
 
-module Net; module SSH; module Authentication
+module Net
+  module SSH
+    module Authentication
 
-  # Raised if the current authentication method is not allowed
-  class DisallowedMethod < Net::SSH::Exception
-  end
+      # Raised if the current authentication method is not allowed
+      class DisallowedMethod < Net::SSH::Exception
+      end
 
-  # Represents an authentication session. It manages the authentication of
-  # a user over an established connection (the "transport" object, see
-  # Net::SSH::Transport::Session).
-  #
-  # The use of an authentication session to manage user authentication is
-  # internal to Net::SSH (specifically Net::SSH.start). Consumers of the
-  # Net::SSH library will never need to access this class directly.
-  class Session
-    include Transport::Constants, Constants, Loggable
+      # Represents an authentication session. It manages the authentication of
+      # a user over an established connection (the "transport" object, see
+      # Net::SSH::Transport::Session).
+      #
+      # The use of an authentication session to manage user authentication is
+      # internal to Net::SSH (specifically Net::SSH.start). Consumers of the
+      # Net::SSH library will never need to access this class directly.
+      class Session
+        include Loggable
+        include Constants
+        include Transport::Constants
 
-    # transport layer abstraction
-    attr_reader :transport
+        # transport layer abstraction
+        attr_reader :transport
 
-    # the list of authentication methods to try
-    attr_reader :auth_methods
+        # the list of authentication methods to try
+        attr_reader :auth_methods
 
-    # the list of authentication methods that are allowed
-    attr_reader :allowed_auth_methods
+        # the list of authentication methods that are allowed
+        attr_reader :allowed_auth_methods
 
-    # a hash of options, given at construction time
-    attr_reader :options
+        # a hash of options, given at construction time
+        attr_reader :options
 
-    # Instantiates a new Authentication::Session object over the given
-    # transport layer abstraction.
-    def initialize(transport, options={})
-      self.logger = transport.logger
-      @transport = transport
+        # Instantiates a new Authentication::Session object over the given
+        # transport layer abstraction.
+        def initialize(transport, options={})
+          self.logger = transport.logger
+          @transport = transport
 
-      @auth_methods = options[:auth_methods] || Net::SSH::Config.default_auth_methods
-      @options = options
+          @auth_methods = options[:auth_methods] || Net::SSH::Config.default_auth_methods
+          @options = options
 
-      @allowed_auth_methods = @auth_methods
-    end
+          @allowed_auth_methods = @auth_methods
+        end
 
-    # Attempts to authenticate the given user, in preparation for the next
-    # service request. Returns true if an authentication method succeeds in
-    # authenticating the user, and false otherwise.
-    def authenticate(next_service, username, password=nil)
-      debug { "beginning authentication of `#{username}'" }
-
-      transport.send_message(transport.service_request("ssh-userauth"))
-      expect_message(SERVICE_ACCEPT)
-
-      key_manager = KeyManager.new(logger, options)
-      keys.each { |key| key_manager.add(key) } unless keys.empty?
-      key_data.each { |key2| key_manager.add_key_data(key2) } unless key_data.empty?
-
-      attempted = []
-
-      @auth_methods.each do |name|
-        begin
-          next unless @allowed_auth_methods.include?(name)
-          attempted << name
-
-          debug { "trying #{name}" }
-          begin
-            auth_class = Methods.const_get(name.split(/\W+/).map { |p| p.capitalize }.join)
-            method = auth_class.new(self, key_manager: key_manager, password_prompt: options[:password_prompt])
-          rescue NameError
-            debug{"Mechanism #{name} was requested, but isn't a known type.  Ignoring it."}
-            next
+        # Attempts to authenticate the given user, in preparation for the next
+        # service request. Returns true if an authentication method succeeds in
+        # authenticating the user, and false otherwise.
+        def authenticate(next_service, username, password=nil)
+          debug { "beginning authentication of `#{username}'" }
+
+          transport.send_message(transport.service_request("ssh-userauth"))
+          expect_message(SERVICE_ACCEPT)
+
+          key_manager = KeyManager.new(logger, options)
+          keys.each { |key| key_manager.add(key) } unless keys.empty?
+          key_data.each { |key2| key_manager.add_key_data(key2) } unless key_data.empty?
+
+          attempted = []
+
+          @auth_methods.each do |name|
+            begin
+              next unless @allowed_auth_methods.include?(name)
+              attempted << name
+
+              debug { "trying #{name}" }
+              begin
+                auth_class = Methods.const_get(name.split(/\W+/).map { |p| p.capitalize }.join)
+                method = auth_class.new(self, key_manager: key_manager, password_prompt: options[:password_prompt])
+              rescue NameError
+                debug {"Mechanism #{name} was requested, but isn't a known type.  Ignoring it."}
+                next
+              end
+
+              return true if method.authenticate(next_service, username, password)
+            rescue Net::SSH::Authentication::DisallowedMethod
+            end
           end
 
-          return true if method.authenticate(next_service, username, password)
-        rescue Net::SSH::Authentication::DisallowedMethod
+          error { "all authorization methods failed (tried #{attempted.join(', ')})" }
+          return false
+        ensure
+          key_manager.finish if key_manager
         end
-      end
-
-      error { "all authorization methods failed (tried #{attempted.join(', ')})" }
-      return false
-    ensure
-      key_manager.finish if key_manager
-    end
-
-    # Blocks until a packet is received. It silently handles USERAUTH_BANNER
-    # packets, and will raise an error if any packet is received that is not
-    # valid during user authentication.
-    def next_message
-      loop do
-        packet = transport.next_message
-
-        case packet.type
-        when USERAUTH_BANNER
-          info { packet[:message] }
-          # TODO add a hook for people to retrieve the banner when it is sent
-
-        when USERAUTH_FAILURE
-          @allowed_auth_methods = packet[:authentications].split(/,/)
-          debug { "allowed methods: #{packet[:authentications]}" }
-          return packet
-
-        when USERAUTH_METHOD_RANGE, SERVICE_ACCEPT
-          return packet
-
-        when USERAUTH_SUCCESS
-          transport.hint :authenticated
-          return packet
 
-        else
-          raise Net::SSH::Exception, "unexpected message #{packet.type} (#{packet})"
+        # Blocks until a packet is received. It silently handles USERAUTH_BANNER
+        # packets, and will raise an error if any packet is received that is not
+        # valid during user authentication.
+        def next_message
+          loop do
+            packet = transport.next_message
+
+            case packet.type
+            when USERAUTH_BANNER
+              info { packet[:message] }
+            # TODO add a hook for people to retrieve the banner when it is sent
+
+            when USERAUTH_FAILURE
+              @allowed_auth_methods = packet[:authentications].split(/,/)
+              debug { "allowed methods: #{packet[:authentications]}" }
+              return packet
+
+            when USERAUTH_METHOD_RANGE, SERVICE_ACCEPT
+              return packet
+
+            when USERAUTH_SUCCESS
+              transport.hint :authenticated
+              return packet
+
+            else
+              raise Net::SSH::Exception, "unexpected message #{packet.type} (#{packet})"
+            end
+          end
         end
-      end
-    end
 
-    # Blocks until a packet is received, and returns it if it is of the given
-    # type. If it is not, an exception is raised.
-    def expect_message(type)
-      message = next_message
-      unless message.type == type
-        raise Net::SSH::Exception, "expected #{type}, got #{message.type} (#{message})"
-      end
-      message
-    end
+        # Blocks until a packet is received, and returns it if it is of the given
+        # type. If it is not, an exception is raised.
+        def expect_message(type)
+          message = next_message
+          raise Net::SSH::Exception, "expected #{type}, got #{message.type} (#{message})" unless message.type == type
+          message
+        end
 
-    private
+        private
 
-      # Returns an array of paths to the key files usually defined
-      # by system default.
-      def default_keys
-        if defined?(OpenSSL::PKey::EC)
-          %w(~/.ssh/id_ed25519 ~/.ssh/id_rsa ~/.ssh/id_dsa ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa
-             ~/.ssh2/id_ed25519 ~/.ssh2/id_rsa ~/.ssh2/id_dsa ~/.ssh2/id_ecdsa)
-        else
-          %w(~/.ssh/id_dsa ~/.ssh/id_rsa ~/.ssh2/id_dsa ~/.ssh2/id_rsa)
+        # Returns an array of paths to the key files usually defined
+        # by system default.
+        def default_keys
+          if defined?(OpenSSL::PKey::EC)
+            %w[~/.ssh/id_ed25519 ~/.ssh/id_rsa ~/.ssh/id_dsa ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa
+               ~/.ssh2/id_ed25519 ~/.ssh2/id_rsa ~/.ssh2/id_dsa ~/.ssh2/id_ecdsa]
+          else
+            %w[~/.ssh/id_dsa ~/.ssh/id_rsa ~/.ssh2/id_dsa ~/.ssh2/id_rsa]
+          end
         end
-      end
 
-      # Returns an array of paths to the key files that should be used when
-      # attempting any key-based authentication mechanism.
-      def keys
-        Array(options[:keys] || default_keys)
-      end
+        # Returns an array of paths to the key files that should be used when
+        # attempting any key-based authentication mechanism.
+        def keys
+          Array(options[:keys])
+        end
 
-      # Returns an array of the key data that should be used when
-      # attempting any key-based authentication mechanism.
-      def key_data
-        Array(options[:key_data])
+        # Returns an array of the key data that should be used when
+        # attempting any key-based authentication mechanism.
+        def key_data
+          Array(options[:key_data])
+        end
       end
+    end
   end
-end; end; end
+end

data/lib/net/ssh/buffer.rb

@@ -4,254 +4,255 @@ require 'net/ssh/transport/openssl'
 require 'net/ssh/authentication/certificate'
 require 'net/ssh/authentication/ed25519_loader'
 
-module Net; module SSH
-
-  # Net::SSH::Buffer is a flexible class for building and parsing binary
-  # data packets. It provides a stream-like interface for sequentially
-  # reading data items from the buffer, as well as a useful helper method
-  # for building binary packets given a signature.
-  #
-  # Writing to a buffer always appends to the end, regardless of where the
-  # read cursor is. Reading, on the other hand, always begins at the first
-  # byte of the buffer and increments the read cursor, with subsequent reads
-  # taking up where the last left off.
-  #
-  # As a consumer of the Net::SSH library, you will rarely come into contact
-  # with these buffer objects directly, but it could happen. Also, if you
-  # are ever implementing a protocol on top of SSH (e.g. SFTP), this buffer
-  # class can be quite handy.
-  class Buffer
-    # This is a convenience method for creating and populating a new buffer
-    # from a single command. The arguments must be even in length, with the
-    # first of each pair of arguments being a symbol naming the type of the
-    # data that follows. If the type is :raw, the value is written directly
-    # to the hash.
-    #
-    #   b = Buffer.from(:byte, 1, :string, "hello", :raw, "\1\2\3\4")
-    #   #-> "\1\0\0\0\5hello\1\2\3\4"
-    #
-    # The supported data types are:
+module Net
+  module SSH
+
+    # Net::SSH::Buffer is a flexible class for building and parsing binary
+    # data packets. It provides a stream-like interface for sequentially
+    # reading data items from the buffer, as well as a useful helper method
+    # for building binary packets given a signature.
     #
-    # * :raw => write the next value verbatim (#write)
-    # * :int64 => write an 8-byte integer (#write_int64)
-    # * :long => write a 4-byte integer (#write_long)
-    # * :byte => write a single byte (#write_byte)
-    # * :string => write a 4-byte length followed by character data (#write_string)
-    # * :mstring => same as string, but caller cannot resuse the string, avoids potential duplication (#write_moved)
-    # * :bool => write a single byte, interpreted as a boolean (#write_bool)
-    # * :bignum => write an SSH-encoded bignum (#write_bignum)
-    # * :key => write an SSH-encoded key value (#write_key)
+    # Writing to a buffer always appends to the end, regardless of where the
+    # read cursor is. Reading, on the other hand, always begins at the first
+    # byte of the buffer and increments the read cursor, with subsequent reads
+    # taking up where the last left off.
     #
-    # Any of these, except for :raw, accepts an Array argument, to make it
-    # easier to write multiple values of the same type in a briefer manner.
-    def self.from(*args)
-      raise ArgumentError, "odd number of arguments given" unless args.length % 2 == 0
-
-      buffer = new
-      0.step(args.length-1, 2) do |index|
-        type = args[index]
-        value = args[index+1]
-        if type == :raw
-          buffer.append(value.to_s)
-        elsif Array === value
-          buffer.send("write_#{type}", *value)
-        else
-          buffer.send("write_#{type}", value)
+    # As a consumer of the Net::SSH library, you will rarely come into contact
+    # with these buffer objects directly, but it could happen. Also, if you
+    # are ever implementing a protocol on top of SSH (e.g. SFTP), this buffer
+    # class can be quite handy.
+    class Buffer
+      # This is a convenience method for creating and populating a new buffer
+      # from a single command. The arguments must be even in length, with the
+      # first of each pair of arguments being a symbol naming the type of the
+      # data that follows. If the type is :raw, the value is written directly
+      # to the hash.
+      #
+      #   b = Buffer.from(:byte, 1, :string, "hello", :raw, "\1\2\3\4")
+      #   #-> "\1\0\0\0\5hello\1\2\3\4"
+      #
+      # The supported data types are:
+      #
+      # * :raw => write the next value verbatim (#write)
+      # * :int64 => write an 8-byte integer (#write_int64)
+      # * :long => write a 4-byte integer (#write_long)
+      # * :byte => write a single byte (#write_byte)
+      # * :string => write a 4-byte length followed by character data (#write_string)
+      # * :mstring => same as string, but caller cannot resuse the string, avoids potential duplication (#write_moved)
+      # * :bool => write a single byte, interpreted as a boolean (#write_bool)
+      # * :bignum => write an SSH-encoded bignum (#write_bignum)
+      # * :key => write an SSH-encoded key value (#write_key)
+      #
+      # Any of these, except for :raw, accepts an Array argument, to make it
+      # easier to write multiple values of the same type in a briefer manner.
+      def self.from(*args)
+        raise ArgumentError, "odd number of arguments given" unless args.length % 2 == 0
+
+        buffer = new
+        0.step(args.length - 1, 2) do |index|
+          type = args[index]
+          value = args[index + 1]
+          if type == :raw
+            buffer.append(value.to_s)
+          elsif Array === value
+            buffer.send("write_#{type}", *value)
+          else
+            buffer.send("write_#{type}", value)
+          end
         end
-      end
 
-      buffer
-    end
+        buffer
+      end
 
-    # exposes the raw content of the buffer
-    attr_reader :content
+      # exposes the raw content of the buffer
+      attr_reader :content
 
-    # the current position of the pointer in the buffer
-    attr_accessor :position
+      # the current position of the pointer in the buffer
+      attr_accessor :position
 
-    # Creates a new buffer, initialized to the given content. The position
-    # is initialized to the beginning of the buffer.
-    def initialize(content="")
-      @content = content.to_s
-      @position = 0
-    end
+      # Creates a new buffer, initialized to the given content. The position
+      # is initialized to the beginning of the buffer.
+      def initialize(content="")
+        @content = content.to_s
+        @position = 0
+      end
 
-    # Returns the length of the buffer's content.
-    def length
-      @content.length
-    end
+      # Returns the length of the buffer's content.
+      def length
+        @content.length
+      end
 
-    # Returns the number of bytes available to be read (e.g., how many bytes
-    # remain between the current position and the end of the buffer).
-    def available
-      length - position
-    end
+      # Returns the number of bytes available to be read (e.g., how many bytes
+      # remain between the current position and the end of the buffer).
+      def available
+        length - position
+      end
 
-    # Returns a copy of the buffer's content.
-    def to_s
-      (@content || "").dup
-    end
+      # Returns a copy of the buffer's content.
+      def to_s
+        (@content || "").dup
+      end
 
-    # Compares the contents of the two buffers, returning +true+ only if they
-    # are identical in size and content.
-    def ==(buffer)
-      to_s == buffer.to_s
-    end
+      # Compares the contents of the two buffers, returning +true+ only if they
+      # are identical in size and content.
+      def ==(buffer)
+        to_s == buffer.to_s
+      end
 
-    # Returns +true+ if the buffer contains no data (e.g., it is of zero length).
-    def empty?
-      @content.empty?
-    end
+      # Returns +true+ if the buffer contains no data (e.g., it is of zero length).
+      def empty?
+        @content.empty?
+      end
 
-    # Resets the pointer to the start of the buffer. Subsequent reads will
-    # begin at position 0.
-    def reset!
-      @position = 0
-    end
+      # Resets the pointer to the start of the buffer. Subsequent reads will
+      # begin at position 0.
+      def reset!
+        @position = 0
+      end
 
-    # Returns true if the pointer is at the end of the buffer. Subsequent
-    # reads will return nil, in this case.
-    def eof?
-      @position >= length
-    end
+      # Returns true if the pointer is at the end of the buffer. Subsequent
+      # reads will return nil, in this case.
+      def eof?
+        @position >= length
+      end
 
-    # Resets the buffer, making it empty. Also, resets the read position to
-    # 0.
-    def clear!
-      @content = ""
-      @position = 0
-    end
+      # Resets the buffer, making it empty. Also, resets the read position to
+      # 0.
+      def clear!
+        @content = ""
+        @position = 0
+      end
 
-    # Consumes n bytes from the buffer, where n is the current position
-    # unless otherwise specified. This is useful for removing data from the
-    # buffer that has previously been read, when you are expecting more data
-    # to be appended. It helps to keep the size of buffers down when they
-    # would otherwise tend to grow without bound.
-    #
-    # Returns the buffer object itself.
-    def consume!(n=position)
-      if n >= length
-        # optimize for a fairly common case
-        clear!
-      elsif n > 0
-        @content = @content[n..-1] || ""
-        @position -= n
-        @position = 0 if @position < 0
-      end
-      self
-    end
+      # Consumes n bytes from the buffer, where n is the current position
+      # unless otherwise specified. This is useful for removing data from the
+      # buffer that has previously been read, when you are expecting more data
+      # to be appended. It helps to keep the size of buffers down when they
+      # would otherwise tend to grow without bound.
+      #
+      # Returns the buffer object itself.
+      def consume!(n=position)
+        if n >= length
+          # optimize for a fairly common case
+          clear!
+        elsif n > 0
+          @content = @content[n..-1] || ""
+          @position -= n
+          @position = 0 if @position < 0
+        end
+        self
+      end
 
-    # Appends the given text to the end of the buffer. Does not alter the
-    # read position. Returns the buffer object itself.
-    def append(text)
-      @content << text
-      self
-    end
+      # Appends the given text to the end of the buffer. Does not alter the
+      # read position. Returns the buffer object itself.
+      def append(text)
+        @content << text
+        self
+      end
 
-    # Returns all text from the current pointer to the end of the buffer as
-    # a new Net::SSH::Buffer object.
-    def remainder_as_buffer
-      Buffer.new(@content[@position..-1])
-    end
+      # Returns all text from the current pointer to the end of the buffer as
+      # a new Net::SSH::Buffer object.
+      def remainder_as_buffer
+        Buffer.new(@content[@position..-1])
+      end
 
-    # Reads all data up to and including the given pattern, which may be a
-    # String, Fixnum, or Regexp and is interpreted exactly as String#index
-    # does. Returns nil if nothing matches. Increments the position to point
-    # immediately after the pattern, if it does match. Returns all data up to
-    # and including the text that matched the pattern.
-    def read_to(pattern)
-      index = @content.index(pattern, @position) or return nil
-      length = case pattern
-        when String then pattern.length
-        when Integer then 1
-        when Regexp then $&.length
-      end
-      index && read(index+length)
-    end
+      # Reads all data up to and including the given pattern, which may be a
+      # String, Fixnum, or Regexp and is interpreted exactly as String#index
+      # does. Returns nil if nothing matches. Increments the position to point
+      # immediately after the pattern, if it does match. Returns all data up to
+      # and including the text that matched the pattern.
+      def read_to(pattern)
+        index = @content.index(pattern, @position) or return nil
+        length = case pattern
+                 when String then pattern.length
+                 when Integer then 1
+                 when Regexp then $&.length
+                 end
+        index && read(index + length)
+      end
 
-    # Reads and returns the next +count+ bytes from the buffer, starting from
-    # the read position. If +count+ is +nil+, this will return all remaining
-    # text in the buffer. This method will increment the pointer.
-    def read(count=nil)
-      count ||= length
-      count = length - @position if @position + count > length
-      @position += count
-      @content[@position-count, count]
-    end
+      # Reads and returns the next +count+ bytes from the buffer, starting from
+      # the read position. If +count+ is +nil+, this will return all remaining
+      # text in the buffer. This method will increment the pointer.
+      def read(count=nil)
+        count ||= length
+        count = length - @position if @position + count > length
+        @position += count
+        @content[@position - count, count]
+      end
 
-    # Reads (as #read) and returns the given number of bytes from the buffer,
-    # and then consumes (as #consume!) all data up to the new read position.
-    def read!(count=nil)
-      data = read(count)
-      consume!
-      data
-    end
+      # Reads (as #read) and returns the given number of bytes from the buffer,
+      # and then consumes (as #consume!) all data up to the new read position.
+      def read!(count=nil)
+        data = read(count)
+        consume!
+        data
+      end
 
-    # Calls block(self) until the buffer is empty, and returns all results.
-    def read_all(&block)
-      Enumerator.new { |e| e << yield(self) until eof? }.to_a
-    end
+      # Calls block(self) until the buffer is empty, and returns all results.
+      def read_all(&block)
+        Enumerator.new { |e| e << yield(self) until eof? }.to_a
+      end
 
-    # Return the next 8 bytes as a 64-bit integer (in network byte order).
-    # Returns nil if there are less than 8 bytes remaining to be read in the
-    # buffer.
-    def read_int64
-      hi = read_long or return nil
-      lo = read_long or return nil
-      return (hi << 32) + lo
-    end
+      # Return the next 8 bytes as a 64-bit integer (in network byte order).
+      # Returns nil if there are less than 8 bytes remaining to be read in the
+      # buffer.
+      def read_int64
+        hi = read_long or return nil
+        lo = read_long or return nil
+        return (hi << 32) + lo
+      end
 
-    # Return the next four bytes as a long integer (in network byte order).
-    # Returns nil if there are less than 4 bytes remaining to be read in the
-    # buffer.
-    def read_long
-      b = read(4) or return nil
-      b.unpack("N").first
-    end
+      # Return the next four bytes as a long integer (in network byte order).
+      # Returns nil if there are less than 4 bytes remaining to be read in the
+      # buffer.
+      def read_long
+        b = read(4) or return nil
+        b.unpack("N").first
+      end
 
-    # Read and return the next byte in the buffer. Returns nil if called at
-    # the end of the buffer.
-    def read_byte
-      b = read(1) or return nil
-      b.getbyte(0)
-    end
+      # Read and return the next byte in the buffer. Returns nil if called at
+      # the end of the buffer.
+      def read_byte
+        b = read(1) or return nil
+        b.getbyte(0)
+      end
 
-    # Read and return an SSH2-encoded string. The string starts with a long
-    # integer that describes the number of bytes remaining in the string.
-    # Returns nil if there are not enough bytes to satisfy the request.
-    def read_string
-      length = read_long or return nil
-      read(length)
-    end
+      # Read and return an SSH2-encoded string. The string starts with a long
+      # integer that describes the number of bytes remaining in the string.
+      # Returns nil if there are not enough bytes to satisfy the request.
+      def read_string
+        length = read_long or return nil
+        read(length)
+      end
 
-    # Read a single byte and convert it into a boolean, using 'C' rules
-    # (i.e., zero is false, non-zero is true).
-    def read_bool
-      b = read_byte or return nil
-      b != 0
-    end
+      # Read a single byte and convert it into a boolean, using 'C' rules
+      # (i.e., zero is false, non-zero is true).
+      def read_bool
+        b = read_byte or return nil
+        b != 0
+      end
 
-    # Read a bignum (OpenSSL::BN) from the buffer, in SSH2 format. It is
-    # essentially just a string, which is reinterpreted to be a bignum in
-    # binary format.
-    def read_bignum
-      data = read_string
-      return unless data
-      OpenSSL::BN.new(data, 2)
-    end
+      # Read a bignum (OpenSSL::BN) from the buffer, in SSH2 format. It is
+      # essentially just a string, which is reinterpreted to be a bignum in
+      # binary format.
+      def read_bignum
+        data = read_string
+        return unless data
+        OpenSSL::BN.new(data, 2)
+      end
 
-    # Read a key from the buffer. The key will start with a string
-    # describing its type. The remainder of the key is defined by the
-    # type that was read.
-    def read_key
-      type = read_string
-      return (type ? read_keyblob(type) : nil)
-    end
+      # Read a key from the buffer. The key will start with a string
+      # describing its type. The remainder of the key is defined by the
+      # type that was read.
+      def read_key
+        type = read_string
+        return (type ? read_keyblob(type) : nil)
+      end
 
-    # Read a keyblob of the given type from the buffer, and return it as
-    # a key. Only RSA, DSA, and ECDSA keys are supported.
-    def read_keyblob(type)
-      case type
+      # Read a keyblob of the given type from the buffer, and return it as
+      # a key. Only RSA, DSA, and ECDSA keys are supported.
+      def read_keyblob(type)
+        case type
         when /^(.*)-cert-v01@openssh\.com$/
           key = Net::SSH::Authentication::Certificate.read_certblob(self, $1)
         when /^ssh-dss$/
@@ -293,104 +294,105 @@ module Net; module SSH
           end
         else
           raise NotImplementedError, "unsupported key type `#{type}'"
-      end
+        end
 
-      return key
-    end
+        return key
+      end
 
-    # Reads the next string from the buffer, and returns a new Buffer
-    # object that wraps it.
-    def read_buffer
-      Buffer.new(read_string)
-    end
+      # Reads the next string from the buffer, and returns a new Buffer
+      # object that wraps it.
+      def read_buffer
+        Buffer.new(read_string)
+      end
 
-    # Writes the given data literally into the string. Does not alter the
-    # read position. Returns the buffer object.
-    def write(*data)
-      data.each { |datum| @content << datum.dup.force_encoding('BINARY') }
-      self
-    end
+      # Writes the given data literally into the string. Does not alter the
+      # read position. Returns the buffer object.
+      def write(*data)
+        data.each { |datum| @content << datum.dup.force_encoding('BINARY') }
+        self
+      end
 
-    # Optimized version of write where the caller gives up ownership of string
-    # to the method. This way we can mutate the string.
-    def write_moved(string)
-      @content << string.force_encoding('BINARY')
-      self
-    end
+      # Optimized version of write where the caller gives up ownership of string
+      # to the method. This way we can mutate the string.
+      def write_moved(string)
+        @content << string.force_encoding('BINARY')
+        self
+      end
 
-    # Writes each argument to the buffer as a network-byte-order-encoded
-    # 64-bit integer (8 bytes). Does not alter the read position. Returns the
-    # buffer object.
-    def write_int64(*n)
-      n.each do |i|
-        hi = (i >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF
-        lo = i & 0xFFFFFFFF
-        @content << [hi, lo].pack("N2")
+      # Writes each argument to the buffer as a network-byte-order-encoded
+      # 64-bit integer (8 bytes). Does not alter the read position. Returns the
+      # buffer object.
+      def write_int64(*n)
+        n.each do |i|
+          hi = (i >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF
+          lo = i & 0xFFFFFFFF
+          @content << [hi, lo].pack("N2")
+        end
+        self
       end
-      self
-    end
 
-    # Writes each argument to the buffer as a network-byte-order-encoded
-    # long (4-byte) integer. Does not alter the read position. Returns the
-    # buffer object.
-    def write_long(*n)
-      @content << n.pack("N*")
-      self
-    end
+      # Writes each argument to the buffer as a network-byte-order-encoded
+      # long (4-byte) integer. Does not alter the read position. Returns the
+      # buffer object.
+      def write_long(*n)
+        @content << n.pack("N*")
+        self
+      end
 
-    # Writes each argument to the buffer as a byte. Does not alter the read
-    # position. Returns the buffer object.
-    def write_byte(*n)
-      n.each { |b| @content << b.chr }
-      self
-    end
+      # Writes each argument to the buffer as a byte. Does not alter the read
+      # position. Returns the buffer object.
+      def write_byte(*n)
+        n.each { |b| @content << b.chr }
+        self
+      end
 
-    # Writes each argument to the buffer as an SSH2-encoded string. Each
-    # string is prefixed by its length, encoded as a 4-byte long integer.
-    # Does not alter the read position. Returns the buffer object.
-    def write_string(*text)
-      text.each do |string|
-        s = string.to_s
-        write_long(s.bytesize)
-        write(s)
+      # Writes each argument to the buffer as an SSH2-encoded string. Each
+      # string is prefixed by its length, encoded as a 4-byte long integer.
+      # Does not alter the read position. Returns the buffer object.
+      def write_string(*text)
+        text.each do |string|
+          s = string.to_s
+          write_long(s.bytesize)
+          write(s)
+        end
+        self
       end
-      self
-    end
 
-    # Writes each argument to the buffer as an SSH2-encoded string. Each
-    # string is prefixed by its length, encoded as a 4-byte long integer.
-    # Does not alter the read position. Returns the buffer object.
-    # Might alter arguments see write_moved
-    def write_mstring(*text)
-      text.each do |string|
-        s = string.to_s
-        write_long(s.bytesize)
-        write_moved(s)
-      end
-      self
-    end
+      # Writes each argument to the buffer as an SSH2-encoded string. Each
+      # string is prefixed by its length, encoded as a 4-byte long integer.
+      # Does not alter the read position. Returns the buffer object.
+      # Might alter arguments see write_moved
+      def write_mstring(*text)
+        text.each do |string|
+          s = string.to_s
+          write_long(s.bytesize)
+          write_moved(s)
+        end
+        self
+      end
 
-    # Writes each argument to the buffer as a (C-style) boolean, with 1
-    # meaning true, and 0 meaning false. Does not alter the read position.
-    # Returns the buffer object.
-    def write_bool(*b)
-      b.each { |v| @content << (v ? "\1" : "\0") }
-      self
-    end
+      # Writes each argument to the buffer as a (C-style) boolean, with 1
+      # meaning true, and 0 meaning false. Does not alter the read position.
+      # Returns the buffer object.
+      def write_bool(*b)
+        b.each { |v| @content << (v ? "\1" : "\0") }
+        self
+      end
 
-    # Writes each argument to the buffer as a bignum (SSH2-style). No
-    # checking is done to ensure that the arguments are, in fact, bignums.
-    # Does not alter the read position. Returns the buffer object.
-    def write_bignum(*n)
-      @content << n.map { |b| b.to_ssh }.join
-      self
-    end
+      # Writes each argument to the buffer as a bignum (SSH2-style). No
+      # checking is done to ensure that the arguments are, in fact, bignums.
+      # Does not alter the read position. Returns the buffer object.
+      def write_bignum(*n)
+        @content << n.map { |b| b.to_ssh }.join
+        self
+      end
 
-    # Writes the given arguments to the buffer as SSH2-encoded keys. Does not
-    # alter the read position. Returns the buffer object.
-    def write_key(*key)
-      key.each { |k| append(k.to_blob) }
-      self
+      # Writes the given arguments to the buffer as SSH2-encoded keys. Does not
+      # alter the read position. Returns the buffer object.
+      def write_key(*key)
+        key.each { |k| append(k.to_blob) }
+        self
+      end
     end
   end
-end; end;
+end;