net-http 0.1.0

data/lib/net/http/backward.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: false
+# for backward compatibility
+
+# :enddoc:
+
+class Net::HTTP
+  ProxyMod = ProxyDelta
+end
+
+module Net
+  HTTPSession = Net::HTTP
+end
+
+module Net::NetPrivate
+  HTTPRequest = ::Net::HTTPRequest
+end
+
+Net::HTTPInformationCode  = Net::HTTPInformation
+Net::HTTPSuccessCode      = Net::HTTPSuccess
+Net::HTTPRedirectionCode  = Net::HTTPRedirection
+Net::HTTPRetriableCode    = Net::HTTPRedirection
+Net::HTTPClientErrorCode  = Net::HTTPClientError
+Net::HTTPFatalErrorCode   = Net::HTTPClientError
+Net::HTTPServerErrorCode  = Net::HTTPServerError
+Net::HTTPResponceReceiver = Net::HTTPResponse
+

data/lib/net/http/exceptions.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: false
+# Net::HTTP exception class.
+# You cannot use Net::HTTPExceptions directly; instead, you must use
+# its subclasses.
+module Net::HTTPExceptions
+  def initialize(msg, res)   #:nodoc:
+    super msg
+    @response = res
+  end
+  attr_reader :response
+  alias data response    #:nodoc: obsolete
+end
+class Net::HTTPError < Net::ProtocolError
+  include Net::HTTPExceptions
+end
+class Net::HTTPRetriableError < Net::ProtoRetriableError
+  include Net::HTTPExceptions
+end
+class Net::HTTPServerException < Net::ProtoServerError
+  # We cannot use the name "HTTPServerError", it is the name of the response.
+  include Net::HTTPExceptions
+end
+
+# for compatibility
+Net::HTTPClientException = Net::HTTPServerException
+
+class Net::HTTPFatalError < Net::ProtoFatalError
+  include Net::HTTPExceptions
+end
+
+module Net
+  deprecate_constant(:HTTPServerException)
+end

data/lib/net/http/generic_request.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: false
+# HTTPGenericRequest is the parent of the Net::HTTPRequest class.
+# Do not use this directly; use a subclass of Net::HTTPRequest.
+#
+# Mixes in the Net::HTTPHeader module to provide easier access to HTTP headers.
+#
+class Net::HTTPGenericRequest
+
+  include Net::HTTPHeader
+
+  def initialize(m, reqbody, resbody, uri_or_path, initheader = nil)
+    @method = m
+    @request_has_body = reqbody
+    @response_has_body = resbody
+
+    if URI === uri_or_path then
+      raise ArgumentError, "not an HTTP URI" unless URI::HTTP === uri_or_path
+      raise ArgumentError, "no host component for URI" unless uri_or_path.hostname
+      @uri = uri_or_path.dup
+      host = @uri.hostname.dup
+      host << ":".freeze << @uri.port.to_s if @uri.port != @uri.default_port
+      @path = uri_or_path.request_uri
+      raise ArgumentError, "no HTTP request path given" unless @path
+    else
+      @uri = nil
+      host = nil
+      raise ArgumentError, "no HTTP request path given" unless uri_or_path
+      raise ArgumentError, "HTTP request path is empty" if uri_or_path.empty?
+      @path = uri_or_path.dup
+    end
+
+    @decode_content = false
+
+    if @response_has_body and Net::HTTP::HAVE_ZLIB then
+      if !initheader ||
+         !initheader.keys.any? { |k|
+           %w[accept-encoding range].include? k.downcase
+         } then
+        @decode_content = true
+        initheader = initheader ? initheader.dup : {}
+        initheader["accept-encoding"] =
+          "gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3"
+      end
+    end
+
+    initialize_http_header initheader
+    self['Accept'] ||= '*/*'
+    self['User-Agent'] ||= 'Ruby'
+    self['Host'] ||= host if host
+    @body = nil
+    @body_stream = nil
+    @body_data = nil
+  end
+
+  attr_reader :method
+  attr_reader :path
+  attr_reader :uri
+
+  # Automatically set to false if the user sets the Accept-Encoding header.
+  # This indicates they wish to handle Content-encoding in responses
+  # themselves.
+  attr_reader :decode_content
+
+  def inspect
+    "\#<#{self.class} #{@method}>"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Don't automatically decode response content-encoding if the user indicates
+  # they want to handle it.
+
+  def []=(key, val) # :nodoc:
+    @decode_content = false if key.downcase == 'accept-encoding'
+
+    super key, val
+  end
+
+  def request_body_permitted?
+    @request_has_body
+  end
+
+  def response_body_permitted?
+    @response_has_body
+  end
+
+  def body_exist?
+    warn "Net::HTTPRequest#body_exist? is obsolete; use response_body_permitted?", uplevel: 1 if $VERBOSE
+    response_body_permitted?
+  end
+
+  attr_reader :body
+
+  def body=(str)
+    @body = str
+    @body_stream = nil
+    @body_data = nil
+    str
+  end
+
+  attr_reader :body_stream
+
+  def body_stream=(input)
+    @body = nil
+    @body_stream = input
+    @body_data = nil
+    input
+  end
+
+  def set_body_internal(str)   #:nodoc: internal use only
+    raise ArgumentError, "both of body argument and HTTPRequest#body set" if str and (@body or @body_stream)
+    self.body = str if str
+    if @body.nil? && @body_stream.nil? && @body_data.nil? && request_body_permitted?
+      self.body = ''
+    end
+  end
+
+  #
+  # write
+  #
+
+  def exec(sock, ver, path)   #:nodoc: internal use only
+    if @body
+      send_request_with_body sock, ver, path, @body
+    elsif @body_stream
+      send_request_with_body_stream sock, ver, path, @body_stream
+    elsif @body_data
+      send_request_with_body_data sock, ver, path, @body_data
+    else
+      write_header sock, ver, path
+    end
+  end
+
+  def update_uri(addr, port, ssl) # :nodoc: internal use only
+    # reflect the connection and @path to @uri
+    return unless @uri
+
+    if ssl
+      scheme = 'https'.freeze
+      klass = URI::HTTPS
+    else
+      scheme = 'http'.freeze
+      klass = URI::HTTP
+    end
+
+    if host = self['host']
+      host.sub!(/:.*/s, ''.freeze)
+    elsif host = @uri.host
+    else
+     host = addr
+    end
+    # convert the class of the URI
+    if @uri.is_a?(klass)
+      @uri.host = host
+      @uri.port = port
+    else
+      @uri = klass.new(
+        scheme, @uri.userinfo,
+        host, port, nil,
+        @uri.path, nil, @uri.query, nil)
+    end
+  end
+
+  private
+
+  class Chunker #:nodoc:
+    def initialize(sock)
+      @sock = sock
+      @prev = nil
+    end
+
+    def write(buf)
+      # avoid memcpy() of buf, buf can huge and eat memory bandwidth
+      rv = buf.bytesize
+      @sock.write("#{rv.to_s(16)}\r\n", buf, "\r\n")
+      rv
+    end
+
+    def finish
+      @sock.write("0\r\n\r\n")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def send_request_with_body(sock, ver, path, body)
+    self.content_length = body.bytesize
+    delete 'Transfer-Encoding'
+    supply_default_content_type
+    write_header sock, ver, path
+    wait_for_continue sock, ver if sock.continue_timeout
+    sock.write body
+  end
+
+  def send_request_with_body_stream(sock, ver, path, f)
+    unless content_length() or chunked?
+      raise ArgumentError,
+          "Content-Length not given and Transfer-Encoding is not `chunked'"
+    end
+    supply_default_content_type
+    write_header sock, ver, path
+    wait_for_continue sock, ver if sock.continue_timeout
+    if chunked?
+      chunker = Chunker.new(sock)
+      IO.copy_stream(f, chunker)
+      chunker.finish
+    else
+      # copy_stream can sendfile() to sock.io unless we use SSL.
+      # If sock.io is an SSLSocket, copy_stream will hit SSL_write()
+      IO.copy_stream(f, sock.io)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def send_request_with_body_data(sock, ver, path, params)
+    if /\Amultipart\/form-data\z/i !~ self.content_type
+      self.content_type = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+      return send_request_with_body(sock, ver, path, URI.encode_www_form(params))
+    end
+
+    opt = @form_option.dup
+    require 'securerandom' unless defined?(SecureRandom)
+    opt[:boundary] ||= SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64(40)
+    self.set_content_type(self.content_type, boundary: opt[:boundary])
+    if chunked?
+      write_header sock, ver, path
+      encode_multipart_form_data(sock, params, opt)
+    else
+      require 'tempfile'
+      file = Tempfile.new('multipart')
+      file.binmode
+      encode_multipart_form_data(file, params, opt)
+      file.rewind
+      self.content_length = file.size
+      write_header sock, ver, path
+      IO.copy_stream(file, sock)
+      file.close(true)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def encode_multipart_form_data(out, params, opt)
+    charset = opt[:charset]
+    boundary = opt[:boundary]
+    require 'securerandom' unless defined?(SecureRandom)
+    boundary ||= SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64(40)
+    chunked_p = chunked?
+
+    buf = ''
+    params.each do |key, value, h={}|
+      key = quote_string(key, charset)
+      filename =
+        h.key?(:filename) ? h[:filename] :
+        value.respond_to?(:to_path) ? File.basename(value.to_path) :
+        nil
+
+      buf << "--#{boundary}\r\n"
+      if filename
+        filename = quote_string(filename, charset)
+        type = h[:content_type] || 'application/octet-stream'
+        buf << "Content-Disposition: form-data; " \
+          "name=\"#{key}\"; filename=\"#{filename}\"\r\n" \
+          "Content-Type: #{type}\r\n\r\n"
+        if !out.respond_to?(:write) || !value.respond_to?(:read)
+          # if +out+ is not an IO or +value+ is not an IO
+          buf << (value.respond_to?(:read) ? value.read : value)
+        elsif value.respond_to?(:size) && chunked_p
+          # if +out+ is an IO and +value+ is a File, use IO.copy_stream
+          flush_buffer(out, buf, chunked_p)
+          out << "%x\r\n" % value.size if chunked_p
+          IO.copy_stream(value, out)
+          out << "\r\n" if chunked_p
+        else
+          # +out+ is an IO, and +value+ is not a File but an IO
+          flush_buffer(out, buf, chunked_p)
+          1 while flush_buffer(out, value.read(4096), chunked_p)
+        end
+      else
+        # non-file field:
+        #   HTML5 says, "The parts of the generated multipart/form-data
+        #   resource that correspond to non-file fields must not have a
+        #   Content-Type header specified."
+        buf << "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"#{key}\"\r\n\r\n"
+        buf << (value.respond_to?(:read) ? value.read : value)
+      end
+      buf << "\r\n"
+    end
+    buf << "--#{boundary}--\r\n"
+    flush_buffer(out, buf, chunked_p)
+    out << "0\r\n\r\n" if chunked_p
+  end
+
+  def quote_string(str, charset)
+    str = str.encode(charset, fallback:->(c){'&#%d;'%c.encode("UTF-8").ord}) if charset
+    str.gsub(/[\\"]/, '\\\\\&')
+  end
+
+  def flush_buffer(out, buf, chunked_p)
+    return unless buf
+    out << "%x\r\n"%buf.bytesize if chunked_p
+    out << buf
+    out << "\r\n" if chunked_p
+    buf.clear
+  end
+
+  def supply_default_content_type
+    return if content_type()
+    warn 'net/http: Content-Type did not set; using application/x-www-form-urlencoded', uplevel: 1 if $VERBOSE
+    set_content_type 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Waits up to the continue timeout for a response from the server provided
+  # we're speaking HTTP 1.1 and are expecting a 100-continue response.
+
+  def wait_for_continue(sock, ver)
+    if ver >= '1.1' and @header['expect'] and
+        @header['expect'].include?('100-continue')
+      if sock.io.to_io.wait_readable(sock.continue_timeout)
+        res = Net::HTTPResponse.read_new(sock)
+        unless res.kind_of?(Net::HTTPContinue)
+          res.decode_content = @decode_content
+          throw :response, res
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def write_header(sock, ver, path)
+    reqline = "#{@method} #{path} HTTP/#{ver}"
+    if /[\r\n]/ =~ reqline
+      raise ArgumentError, "A Request-Line must not contain CR or LF"
+    end
+    buf = ""
+    buf << reqline << "\r\n"
+    each_capitalized do |k,v|
+      buf << "#{k}: #{v}\r\n"
+    end
+    buf << "\r\n"
+    sock.write buf
+  end
+
+end
+

data/lib/net/http/header.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,496 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: false
+# The HTTPHeader module defines methods for reading and writing
+# HTTP headers.
+#
+# It is used as a mixin by other classes, to provide hash-like
+# access to HTTP header values. Unlike raw hash access, HTTPHeader
+# provides access via case-insensitive keys. It also provides
+# methods for accessing commonly-used HTTP header values in more
+# convenient formats.
+#
+module Net::HTTPHeader
+
+  def initialize_http_header(initheader)
+    @header = {}
+    return unless initheader
+    initheader.each do |key, value|
+      warn "net/http: duplicated HTTP header: #{key}", uplevel: 3 if key?(key) and $VERBOSE
+      if value.nil?
+        warn "net/http: nil HTTP header: #{key}", uplevel: 3 if $VERBOSE
+      else
+        value = value.strip # raise error for invalid byte sequences
+        if value.count("\r\n") > 0
+          raise ArgumentError, "header #{key} has field value #{value.inspect}, this cannot include CR/LF"
+        end
+        @header[key.downcase.to_s] = [value]
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def size   #:nodoc: obsolete
+    @header.size
+  end
+
+  alias length size   #:nodoc: obsolete
+
+  # Returns the header field corresponding to the case-insensitive key.
+  # For example, a key of "Content-Type" might return "text/html"
+  def [](key)
+    a = @header[key.downcase.to_s] or return nil
+    a.join(', ')
+  end
+
+  # Sets the header field corresponding to the case-insensitive key.
+  def []=(key, val)
+    unless val
+      @header.delete key.downcase.to_s
+      return val
+    end
+    set_field(key, val)
+  end
+
+  # [Ruby 1.8.3]
+  # Adds a value to a named header field, instead of replacing its value.
+  # Second argument +val+ must be a String.
+  # See also #[]=, #[] and #get_fields.
+  #
+  #   request.add_field 'X-My-Header', 'a'
+  #   p request['X-My-Header']              #=> "a"
+  #   p request.get_fields('X-My-Header')   #=> ["a"]
+  #   request.add_field 'X-My-Header', 'b'
+  #   p request['X-My-Header']              #=> "a, b"
+  #   p request.get_fields('X-My-Header')   #=> ["a", "b"]
+  #   request.add_field 'X-My-Header', 'c'
+  #   p request['X-My-Header']              #=> "a, b, c"
+  #   p request.get_fields('X-My-Header')   #=> ["a", "b", "c"]
+  #
+  def add_field(key, val)
+    stringified_downcased_key = key.downcase.to_s
+    if @header.key?(stringified_downcased_key)
+      append_field_value(@header[stringified_downcased_key], val)
+    else
+      set_field(key, val)
+    end
+  end
+
+  private def set_field(key, val)
+    case val
+    when Enumerable
+      ary = []
+      append_field_value(ary, val)
+      @header[key.downcase.to_s] = ary
+    else
+      val = val.to_s # for compatibility use to_s instead of to_str
+      if val.b.count("\r\n") > 0
+        raise ArgumentError, 'header field value cannot include CR/LF'
+      end
+      @header[key.downcase.to_s] = [val]
+    end
+  end
+
+  private def append_field_value(ary, val)
+    case val
+    when Enumerable
+      val.each{|x| append_field_value(ary, x)}
+    else
+      val = val.to_s
+      if /[\r\n]/n.match?(val.b)
+        raise ArgumentError, 'header field value cannot include CR/LF'
+      end
+      ary.push val
+    end
+  end
+
+  # [Ruby 1.8.3]
+  # Returns an array of header field strings corresponding to the
+  # case-insensitive +key+.  This method allows you to get duplicated
+  # header fields without any processing.  See also #[].
+  #
+  #   p response.get_fields('Set-Cookie')
+  #     #=> ["session=al98axx; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23",
+  #          "query=rubyscript; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23"]
+  #   p response['Set-Cookie']
+  #     #=> "session=al98axx; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23, query=rubyscript; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23"
+  #
+  def get_fields(key)
+    stringified_downcased_key = key.downcase.to_s
+    return nil unless @header[stringified_downcased_key]
+    @header[stringified_downcased_key].dup
+  end
+
+  # Returns the header field corresponding to the case-insensitive key.
+  # Returns the default value +args+, or the result of the block, or
+  # raises an IndexError if there's no header field named +key+
+  # See Hash#fetch
+  def fetch(key, *args, &block)   #:yield: +key+
+    a = @header.fetch(key.downcase.to_s, *args, &block)
+    a.kind_of?(Array) ? a.join(', ') : a
+  end
+
+  # Iterates through the header names and values, passing in the name
+  # and value to the code block supplied.
+  #
+  # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
+  #
+  # Example:
+  #
+  #     response.header.each_header {|key,value| puts "#{key} = #{value}" }
+  #
+  def each_header   #:yield: +key+, +value+
+    block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
+    @header.each do |k,va|
+      yield k, va.join(', ')
+    end
+  end
+
+  alias each each_header
+
+  # Iterates through the header names in the header, passing
+  # each header name to the code block.
+  #
+  # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
+  def each_name(&block)   #:yield: +key+
+    block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
+    @header.each_key(&block)
+  end
+
+  alias each_key each_name
+
+  # Iterates through the header names in the header, passing
+  # capitalized header names to the code block.
+  #
+  # Note that header names are capitalized systematically;
+  # capitalization may not match that used by the remote HTTP
+  # server in its response.
+  #
+  # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
+  def each_capitalized_name  #:yield: +key+
+    block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
+    @header.each_key do |k|
+      yield capitalize(k)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Iterates through header values, passing each value to the
+  # code block.
+  #
+  # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
+  def each_value   #:yield: +value+
+    block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
+    @header.each_value do |va|
+      yield va.join(', ')
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Removes a header field, specified by case-insensitive key.
+  def delete(key)
+    @header.delete(key.downcase.to_s)
+  end
+
+  # true if +key+ header exists.
+  def key?(key)
+    @header.key?(key.downcase.to_s)
+  end
+
+  # Returns a Hash consisting of header names and array of values.
+  # e.g.
+  # {"cache-control" => ["private"],
+  #  "content-type" => ["text/html"],
+  #  "date" => ["Wed, 22 Jun 2005 22:11:50 GMT"]}
+  def to_hash
+    @header.dup
+  end
+
+  # As for #each_header, except the keys are provided in capitalized form.
+  #
+  # Note that header names are capitalized systematically;
+  # capitalization may not match that used by the remote HTTP
+  # server in its response.
+  #
+  # Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
+  def each_capitalized
+    block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
+    @header.each do |k,v|
+      yield capitalize(k), v.join(', ')
+    end
+  end
+
+  alias canonical_each each_capitalized
+
+  def capitalize(name)
+    name.to_s.split(/-/).map {|s| s.capitalize }.join('-')
+  end
+  private :capitalize
+
+  # Returns an Array of Range objects which represent the Range:
+  # HTTP header field, or +nil+ if there is no such header.
+  def range
+    return nil unless @header['range']
+
+    value = self['Range']
+    # byte-range-set = *( "," OWS ) ( byte-range-spec / suffix-byte-range-spec )
+    #   *( OWS "," [ OWS ( byte-range-spec / suffix-byte-range-spec ) ] )
+    # corrected collected ABNF
+    # http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-19#section-5.4.1
+    # http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-19#appendix-C
+    # http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p1-messaging-19#section-3.2.5
+    unless /\Abytes=((?:,[ \t]*)*(?:\d+-\d*|-\d+)(?:[ \t]*,(?:[ \t]*\d+-\d*|-\d+)?)*)\z/ =~ value
+      raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, "invalid syntax for byte-ranges-specifier: '#{value}'"
+    end
+
+    byte_range_set = $1
+    result = byte_range_set.split(/,/).map {|spec|
+      m = /(\d+)?\s*-\s*(\d+)?/i.match(spec) or
+              raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, "invalid byte-range-spec: '#{spec}'"
+      d1 = m[1].to_i
+      d2 = m[2].to_i
+      if m[1] and m[2]
+        if d1 > d2
+          raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, "last-byte-pos MUST greater than or equal to first-byte-pos but '#{spec}'"
+        end
+        d1..d2
+      elsif m[1]
+        d1..-1
+      elsif m[2]
+        -d2..-1
+      else
+        raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range is not specified'
+      end
+    }
+    # if result.empty?
+    # byte-range-set must include at least one byte-range-spec or suffix-byte-range-spec
+    # but above regexp already denies it.
+    if result.size == 1 && result[0].begin == 0 && result[0].end == -1
+      raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'only one suffix-byte-range-spec with zero suffix-length'
+    end
+    result
+  end
+
+  # Sets the HTTP Range: header.
+  # Accepts either a Range object as a single argument,
+  # or a beginning index and a length from that index.
+  # Example:
+  #
+  #   req.range = (0..1023)
+  #   req.set_range 0, 1023
+  #
+  def set_range(r, e = nil)
+    unless r
+      @header.delete 'range'
+      return r
+    end
+    r = (r...r+e) if e
+    case r
+    when Numeric
+      n = r.to_i
+      rangestr = (n > 0 ? "0-#{n-1}" : "-#{-n}")
+    when Range
+      first = r.first
+      last = r.end
+      last -= 1 if r.exclude_end?
+      if last == -1
+        rangestr = (first > 0 ? "#{first}-" : "-#{-first}")
+      else
+        raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range.first is negative' if first < 0
+        raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range.last is negative' if last < 0
+        raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'must be .first < .last' if first > last
+        rangestr = "#{first}-#{last}"
+      end
+    else
+      raise TypeError, 'Range/Integer is required'
+    end
+    @header['range'] = ["bytes=#{rangestr}"]
+    r
+  end
+
+  alias range= set_range
+
+  # Returns an Integer object which represents the HTTP Content-Length:
+  # header field, or +nil+ if that field was not provided.
+  def content_length
+    return nil unless key?('Content-Length')
+    len = self['Content-Length'].slice(/\d+/) or
+        raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'wrong Content-Length format'
+    len.to_i
+  end
+
+  def content_length=(len)
+    unless len
+      @header.delete 'content-length'
+      return nil
+    end
+    @header['content-length'] = [len.to_i.to_s]
+  end
+
+  # Returns "true" if the "transfer-encoding" header is present and
+  # set to "chunked".  This is an HTTP/1.1 feature, allowing
+  # the content to be sent in "chunks" without at the outset
+  # stating the entire content length.
+  def chunked?
+    return false unless @header['transfer-encoding']
+    field = self['Transfer-Encoding']
+    (/(?:\A|[^\-\w])chunked(?![\-\w])/i =~ field) ? true : false
+  end
+
+  # Returns a Range object which represents the value of the Content-Range:
+  # header field.
+  # For a partial entity body, this indicates where this fragment
+  # fits inside the full entity body, as range of byte offsets.
+  def content_range
+    return nil unless @header['content-range']
+    m = %r<bytes\s+(\d+)-(\d+)/(\d+|\*)>i.match(self['Content-Range']) or
+        raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'wrong Content-Range format'
+    m[1].to_i .. m[2].to_i
+  end
+
+  # The length of the range represented in Content-Range: header.
+  def range_length
+    r = content_range() or return nil
+    r.end - r.begin + 1
+  end
+
+  # Returns a content type string such as "text/html".
+  # This method returns nil if Content-Type: header field does not exist.
+  def content_type
+    return nil unless main_type()
+    if sub_type()
+    then "#{main_type()}/#{sub_type()}"
+    else main_type()
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Returns a content type string such as "text".
+  # This method returns nil if Content-Type: header field does not exist.
+  def main_type
+    return nil unless @header['content-type']
+    self['Content-Type'].split(';').first.to_s.split('/')[0].to_s.strip
+  end
+
+  # Returns a content type string such as "html".
+  # This method returns nil if Content-Type: header field does not exist
+  # or sub-type is not given (e.g. "Content-Type: text").
+  def sub_type
+    return nil unless @header['content-type']
+    _, sub = *self['Content-Type'].split(';').first.to_s.split('/')
+    return nil unless sub
+    sub.strip
+  end
+
+  # Any parameters specified for the content type, returned as a Hash.
+  # For example, a header of Content-Type: text/html; charset=EUC-JP
+  # would result in type_params returning {'charset' => 'EUC-JP'}
+  def type_params
+    result = {}
+    list = self['Content-Type'].to_s.split(';')
+    list.shift
+    list.each do |param|
+      k, v = *param.split('=', 2)
+      result[k.strip] = v.strip
+    end
+    result
+  end
+
+  # Sets the content type in an HTTP header.
+  # The +type+ should be a full HTTP content type, e.g. "text/html".
+  # The +params+ are an optional Hash of parameters to add after the
+  # content type, e.g. {'charset' => 'iso-8859-1'}
+  def set_content_type(type, params = {})
+    @header['content-type'] = [type + params.map{|k,v|"; #{k}=#{v}"}.join('')]
+  end
+
+  alias content_type= set_content_type
+
+  # Set header fields and a body from HTML form data.
+  # +params+ should be an Array of Arrays or
+  # a Hash containing HTML form data.
+  # Optional argument +sep+ means data record separator.
+  #
+  # Values are URL encoded as necessary and the content-type is set to
+  # application/x-www-form-urlencoded
+  #
+  # Example:
+  #    http.form_data = {"q" => "ruby", "lang" => "en"}
+  #    http.form_data = {"q" => ["ruby", "perl"], "lang" => "en"}
+  #    http.set_form_data({"q" => "ruby", "lang" => "en"}, ';')
+  #
+  def set_form_data(params, sep = '&')
+    query = URI.encode_www_form(params)
+    query.gsub!(/&/, sep) if sep != '&'
+    self.body = query
+    self.content_type = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+  end
+
+  alias form_data= set_form_data
+
+  # Set an HTML form data set.
+  # +params+ is the form data set; it is an Array of Arrays or a Hash
+  # +enctype is the type to encode the form data set.
+  # It is application/x-www-form-urlencoded or multipart/form-data.
+  # +formopt+ is an optional hash to specify the detail.
+  #
+  # boundary:: the boundary of the multipart message
+  # charset::  the charset of the message. All names and the values of
+  #            non-file fields are encoded as the charset.
+  #
+  # Each item of params is an array and contains following items:
+  # +name+::  the name of the field
+  # +value+:: the value of the field, it should be a String or a File
+  # +opt+::   an optional hash to specify additional information
+  #
+  # Each item is a file field or a normal field.
+  # If +value+ is a File object or the +opt+ have a filename key,
+  # the item is treated as a file field.
+  #
+  # If Transfer-Encoding is set as chunked, this send the request in
+  # chunked encoding. Because chunked encoding is HTTP/1.1 feature,
+  # you must confirm the server to support HTTP/1.1 before sending it.
+  #
+  # Example:
+  #    http.set_form([["q", "ruby"], ["lang", "en"]])
+  #
+  # See also RFC 2388, RFC 2616, HTML 4.01, and HTML5
+  #
+  def set_form(params, enctype='application/x-www-form-urlencoded', formopt={})
+    @body_data = params
+    @body = nil
+    @body_stream = nil
+    @form_option = formopt
+    case enctype
+    when /\Aapplication\/x-www-form-urlencoded\z/i,
+      /\Amultipart\/form-data\z/i
+      self.content_type = enctype
+    else
+      raise ArgumentError, "invalid enctype: #{enctype}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Set the Authorization: header for "Basic" authorization.
+  def basic_auth(account, password)
+    @header['authorization'] = [basic_encode(account, password)]
+  end
+
+  # Set Proxy-Authorization: header for "Basic" authorization.
+  def proxy_basic_auth(account, password)
+    @header['proxy-authorization'] = [basic_encode(account, password)]
+  end
+
+  def basic_encode(account, password)
+    'Basic ' + ["#{account}:#{password}"].pack('m0')
+  end
+  private :basic_encode
+
+  def connection_close?
+    token = /(?:\A|,)\s*close\s*(?:\z|,)/i
+    @header['connection']&.grep(token) {return true}
+    @header['proxy-connection']&.grep(token) {return true}
+    false
+  end
+
+  def connection_keep_alive?
+    token = /(?:\A|,)\s*keep-alive\s*(?:\z|,)/i
+    @header['connection']&.grep(token) {return true}
+    @header['proxy-connection']&.grep(token) {return true}
+    false
+  end
+
+end