memfs 0.5.0 → 2.0.0

data/spec/memfs/file_spec.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
+# encoding: UTF-8
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 require 'pathname'
 
 module MemFs
-  describe File do
+  ::RSpec.describe File do
     subject { described_class.new('/test-file') }
     let(:write_subject) { described_class.new('/test-file', 'w') }
 
@@ -15,7 +17,6 @@ module MemFs
       described_class.symlink '/no-file', '/no-link'
     end
 
-
     it 'implements Enumerable' do
       expect(described_class.ancestors).to include Enumerable
     end
@@ -25,6 +26,10 @@ module MemFs
         expect(MemFs::File::SEPARATOR).to eq '/'
       end
 
+      it 'exposes PATH_SEPARATOR' do
+        expect(MemFs::File::PATH_SEPARATOR).to eq '/'
+      end
+
       it 'expose ALT_SEPARATOR' do
         expect(MemFs::File::ALT_SEPARATOR).to be_nil
       end
@@ -35,20 +40,20 @@ module MemFs
 
       it 'converts a pathname to an absolute pathname' do
         path = described_class.absolute_path('./test-file')
-        expect(path).to eq '/test-dir/test-file'
+        expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/test-file')
       end
 
       context 'when +dir_string+ is given' do
         it 'uses it as the starting point' do
           path = described_class.absolute_path('./test-file', '/no-dir')
-          expect(path).to eq '/no-dir/test-file'
+          expect(path).to eq expected_path('/no-dir/test-file')
         end
       end
 
       context "when the given pathname starts with a '~'" do
         it 'does not expanded' do
           path = described_class.absolute_path('~/test-file')
-          expect(path).to eq '/test-dir/~/test-file'
+          expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/~/test-file')
         end
       end
     end
@@ -74,6 +79,27 @@ module MemFs
       end
     end
 
+    describe '.birthtime' do
+      it 'returns creation time for the named file as a Time object' do
+        expect(described_class.birthtime('/test-file')).to be_a Time
+      end
+
+      it 'raises an error if the entry does not exist' do
+        expect { described_class.birthtime('/no-file') }.to raise_error Errno::ENOENT
+      end
+
+      context 'when the entry is a symlink' do
+        let(:time) { Time.now - 500_000 }
+
+        it 'returns the creation time of the last target of the link chain' do
+          _fs.find!('/test-file').birthtime = time
+          described_class.symlink '/test-link', '/test-link2'
+
+          expect(described_class.birthtime('/test-link2')).to eq time
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
     describe '.blockdev?' do
       context 'when the name file exists' do
         context 'and it is a block device' do
@@ -150,17 +176,17 @@ module MemFs
 
     describe '.chmod' do
       it 'changes permission bits on the named file' do
-        described_class.chmod 0777, '/test-file'
+        described_class.chmod 0o777, '/test-file'
 
         mode = described_class.stat('/test-file').mode
-        expect(mode).to be 0100777
+        expect(mode).to be 0o100777
       end
 
       it 'changes permission bits on the named files (in list)' do
-        described_class.chmod 0777, '/test-file', '/test-file2'
+        described_class.chmod 0o777, '/test-file', '/test-file2'
 
         mode = described_class.stat('/test-file2').mode
-        expect(mode).to be 0100777
+        expect(mode).to be 0o100777
       end
     end
 
@@ -205,7 +231,7 @@ module MemFs
 
       it 'ignores -1 user id' do
         expect {
-          described_class.chown -1, 42, '/test-file'
+          described_class.chown(-1, 42, '/test-file')
         }.to_not change { described_class.stat('/test-file').uid }
       end
 
@@ -303,6 +329,12 @@ module MemFs
       end
     end
 
+    describe '.empty?' do
+      subject { described_class }
+
+      it_behaves_like 'aliased method', :empty?, :zero?
+    end
+
     describe '.executable?' do
       let(:access) { 0 }
       let(:gid) { 0 }
@@ -458,20 +490,20 @@ module MemFs
         _fs.chdir '/'
 
         expanded_path = described_class.expand_path('test-file')
-        expect(expanded_path).to eq '/test-file'
+        expect(expanded_path).to eq expected_path('/test-file')
       end
 
       it 'references path from the current working directory' do
         _fs.chdir '/test-dir'
 
         expanded_path = described_class.expand_path('test-file')
-        expect(expanded_path).to eq '/test-dir/test-file'
+        expect(expanded_path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/test-file')
       end
 
       context 'when +dir_string+ is provided' do
         it 'uses +dir_string+ as the stating point' do
           expanded_path = described_class.expand_path('test-file', '/test')
-          expect(expanded_path).to eq '/test/test-file'
+          expect(expanded_path).to eq expected_path('/test/test-file')
         end
       end
     end
@@ -499,9 +531,16 @@ module MemFs
       end
 
       context 'when the period is the last character in path' do
-        it 'returns an empty string' do
-          extname = described_class.extname('test-subject.')
-          expect(extname).to eq ''
+        if MemFs.ruby_version_gte?('2.7') && !MemFs.windows?
+          it 'returns a period' do
+            extname = described_class.extname('test-subject.')
+            expect(extname).to eq '.'
+          end
+        else
+          it 'returns an empty string' do
+            extname = described_class.extname('test-subject.')
+            expect(extname).to eq ''
+          end
         end
       end
     end
@@ -555,21 +594,21 @@ module MemFs
 
     describe '.ftype' do
       context 'when the named entry is a regular file' do
-        it "returns 'file'" do
+        it 'returns "file"' do
           ftype = described_class.ftype('/test-file')
           expect(ftype).to eq 'file'
         end
       end
 
       context 'when the named entry is a directory' do
-        it "returns 'directory'" do
+        it 'returns "directory"' do
           ftype = described_class.ftype('/test-dir')
           expect(ftype).to eq 'directory'
         end
       end
 
       context 'when the named entry is a block device' do
-        it "returns 'blockSpecial'" do
+        it 'returns "blockSpecial"' do
           _fs.touch '/block-file'
           file = _fs.find('/block-file')
           file.block_device = true
@@ -580,7 +619,7 @@ module MemFs
       end
 
       context 'when the named entry is a character device' do
-        it "returns 'characterSpecial'" do
+        it 'returns "characterSpecial"' do
           _fs.touch '/character-file'
           file = _fs.find('/character-file')
           file.character_device = true
@@ -591,7 +630,7 @@ module MemFs
       end
 
       context 'when the named entry is a symlink' do
-        it "returns 'link'" do
+        it 'returns "link"' do
           ftype = described_class.ftype('/test-link')
           expect(ftype).to eq 'link'
         end
@@ -600,7 +639,7 @@ module MemFs
       # fifo and socket not handled for now
 
       context 'when the named entry has no specific type' do
-        it "returns 'unknown'" do
+        it 'returns "unknown"' do
           root = _fs.find '/'
           root.add_entry Fake::Entry.new('test-entry')
 
@@ -623,7 +662,7 @@ module MemFs
 
         context 'and the effective user group does not own of the file' do
           it 'returns false' do
-            described_class.chown 0, 0, '/test-file'
+            described_class.chown 9999, 9999, '/test-file'
 
             grpowned = File.grpowned?('/test-file')
             expect(grpowned).to be false
@@ -700,6 +739,30 @@ module MemFs
           end
         end
       end
+
+      context 'when given a File object instead of a path' do
+        it 'returns true when the File object refers to the same file' do
+          file = described_class.new('/test-file', 'r')
+          expect(described_class.identical?(file, '/test-file')).to be true
+          file.close
+        end
+
+        it 'returns true when both arguments are File objects for the same file' do
+          file1 = described_class.new('/test-file', 'r')
+          file2 = described_class.new('/test-file', 'r')
+          expect(described_class.identical?(file1, file2)).to be true
+          file1.close
+          file2.close
+        end
+
+        it 'returns false when both File objects refer to different files' do
+          file1 = described_class.new('/test-file', 'r')
+          file2 = described_class.new('/test-file2', 'r')
+          expect(described_class.identical?(file1, file2)).to be false
+          file1.close
+          file2.close
+        end
+      end
     end
 
     describe '.join' do
@@ -712,24 +775,24 @@ module MemFs
     describe '.lchmod' do
       context 'when the named file is a regular file' do
         it 'acts like chmod' do
-          described_class.lchmod 0777, '/test-file'
+          described_class.lchmod 0o777, '/test-file'
 
           mode = described_class.stat('/test-file').mode
-          expect(mode).to be 0100777
+          expect(mode).to be 0o100777
         end
       end
 
       context 'when the named file is a symlink' do
         it 'changes permission bits on the symlink' do
-          described_class.lchmod 0777, '/test-link'
+          described_class.lchmod 0o777, '/test-link'
 
           mode = described_class.lstat('/test-link').mode
-          expect(mode).to be 0100777
+          expect(mode).to be 0o100777
         end
 
-        it "does not change permission bits on the link's target" do
+        it 'does not change permission bits on the link’s target' do
           old_mode = described_class.stat('/test-file').mode
-          described_class.lchmod 0777, '/test-link'
+          described_class.lchmod 0o777, '/test-link'
 
           mode = described_class.stat('/test-file').mode
           expect(mode).to eq old_mode
@@ -791,18 +854,45 @@ module MemFs
           is_symlink = described_class.lstat('/test-link').symlink?
           expect(is_symlink).to be true
         end
+      end
+    end
 
-        context 'and its target does not exist' do
-          it 'ignores errors' do
+    describe '.new' do
+      it 'resets the file position to the beginning' do
+        described_class.open('/test-file', 'w') { |f| f.write 'hello' }
+
+        contents = described_class.open('/test-file', 'r', &:read)
+        expect(contents).to eq('hello')
+
+        contents = described_class.open('/test-file', 'r', &:read)
+        expect(contents).to eq('hello')
+      end
+
+      context 'when only the filename is provided' do
+        context 'and the file exists' do
+          it 'returns the open file' do
+            file = described_class.new('/test-file')
+            expect(file).to be_a(MemFs::File)
+          end
+        end
+
+        context 'and the file does not exist' do
+          it 'raises an exception' do
             expect {
-              described_class.lstat('/no-link')
-            }.not_to raise_error
+              described_class.new('missing-file')
+            }.to raise_error(Errno::ENOENT)
+          end
+        end
+
+        context 'when the file is a symlink and its target does not exist' do
+          it 'raises an exception' do
+            expect {
+              described_class.new('/no-link')
+            }.to raise_error(Errno::ENOENT)
           end
         end
       end
-    end
 
-    describe '.new' do
       context 'when the mode is provided' do
         context 'and it is an integer' do
           subject { described_class.new('/test-file', File::RDWR) }
@@ -820,7 +910,8 @@ module MemFs
 
           it 'sets the write+create+truncate mode for "w"' do
             subject = described_class.new('/test-file', 'w')
-            expect(subject.send(:opening_mode)).to eq File::CREAT|File::TRUNC|File::WRONLY
+            expect(subject.send(:opening_mode)).to \
+              eq File::CREAT | File::TRUNC | File::WRONLY
           end
 
           it 'sets the read+write mode for "r+"' do
@@ -830,17 +921,20 @@ module MemFs
 
           it 'sets the read+write+create+truncate mode for "w+"' do
             subject = described_class.new('/test-file', 'w+')
-            expect(subject.send(:opening_mode)).to eq File::CREAT|File::TRUNC|File::RDWR
+            expect(subject.send(:opening_mode)).to \
+              eq File::CREAT | File::TRUNC | File::RDWR
           end
 
           it 'sets the write+create+append mode for "a"' do
             subject = described_class.new('/test-file', 'a')
-            expect(subject.send(:opening_mode)).to eq File::CREAT|File::APPEND|File::WRONLY
+            expect(subject.send(:opening_mode)).to \
+              eq File::CREAT | File::APPEND | File::WRONLY
           end
 
           it 'sets the read+write+create+append mode for "a+"' do
             subject = described_class.new('/test-file', 'a+')
-            expect(subject.send(:opening_mode)).to eq File::CREAT|File::APPEND|File::RDWR
+            expect(subject.send(:opening_mode)).to \
+              eq File::CREAT | File::APPEND | File::RDWR
           end
 
           it 'handles the :bom option' do
@@ -848,6 +942,16 @@ module MemFs
             expect(subject.send(:opening_mode)).to eq File::RDONLY
           end
 
+          it 'handles the :utf-8 option' do
+            subject = described_class.new('/test-file', 'r:utf-8')
+            expect(subject.send(:opening_mode)).to eq File::RDONLY
+          end
+
+          it 'handles the :UTF-8 option' do
+            subject = described_class.new('/test-file', 'r:UTF-8')
+            expect(subject.send(:opening_mode)).to eq File::RDONLY
+          end
+
           it 'handles the |utf-8 option' do
             subject = described_class.new('/test-file', 'r|utf-8')
             expect(subject.send(:opening_mode)).to eq File::RDONLY
@@ -889,7 +993,9 @@ module MemFs
 
       context 'when too many arguments are given' do
         it 'raises an exception' do
-          expect { described_class.new(1, 2, 3, 4) }.to raise_error(ArgumentError)
+          expect {
+            described_class.new(1, 2, 3, 4)
+          }.to raise_error(ArgumentError)
         end
       end
     end
@@ -907,7 +1013,7 @@ module MemFs
 
         context 'and the effective user does not own of the file' do
           it 'returns false' do
-            described_class.chown 0, 0, '/test-file'
+            described_class.chown 9999, 9999, '/test-file'
 
             owned = File.owned?('/test-file')
             expect(owned).to be false
@@ -989,18 +1095,18 @@ module MemFs
 
       context 'when the last argument is a hash' do
         it 'passes the contained options to +open+' do
-          expect(described_class).to receive(:open)
-              .with('/test-file', File::RDONLY, encoding: 'UTF-8')
-              .and_return(subject)
+          expect(described_class).to \
+            receive(:open)
+            .with('/test-file', File::RDONLY, { encoding: 'UTF-8' })
+            .and_return(subject)
 
           described_class.read '/test-file', encoding: 'UTF-8'
         end
 
         context 'when it contains the +open_args+ key' do
           it 'takes precedence over the other options' do
-            expect(described_class).to receive(:open)
-                .with('/test-file', 'r')
-                .and_return(subject)
+            expect(described_class).to \
+              receive(:open).with('/test-file', 'r').and_return(subject)
 
             described_class.read '/test-file', mode: 'w', open_args: ['r']
           end
@@ -1152,7 +1258,7 @@ module MemFs
       context 'when the path does not contain any symlink or useless dots' do
         it 'returns the path itself' do
           path = described_class.realdirpath('/test-file')
-          expect(path).to eq '/test-file'
+          expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-file')
         end
       end
 
@@ -1160,14 +1266,14 @@ module MemFs
         context 'and the symlink is a middle part' do
           it 'returns the path with the symlink dereferrenced' do
             path = described_class.realdirpath('/test-dir/sub-dir-link/test-file')
-            expect(path).to eq '/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file'
+            expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file')
           end
         end
 
         context 'and the symlink is the last part' do
           it 'returns the path with the symlink dereferrenced' do
             path = described_class.realdirpath('/test-dir/sub-dir-link')
-            expect(path).to eq '/test-dir/sub-dir'
+            expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/sub-dir')
           end
         end
       end
@@ -1175,7 +1281,7 @@ module MemFs
       context 'when the path contains useless dots' do
         it 'returns the path with the useless dots interpolated' do
           path = described_class.realdirpath('/test-dir/../test-dir/./sub-dir/test-file')
-          expect(path).to eq '/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file'
+          expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file')
         end
       end
 
@@ -1184,14 +1290,14 @@ module MemFs
           it 'uses the current working directory has base directory' do
             _fs.chdir '/test-dir'
             path = described_class.realdirpath('../test-dir/./sub-dir/test-file')
-            expect(path).to eq '/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file'
+            expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file')
           end
         end
 
         context 'and +dir_string+ is provided' do
           it 'uses the given directory has base directory' do
             path = described_class.realdirpath('../test-dir/./sub-dir/test-file', '/test-dir')
-            expect(path).to eq '/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file'
+            expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file')
           end
         end
       end
@@ -1204,7 +1310,7 @@ module MemFs
 
           it 'uses the name of the target in the resulting path' do
             path = described_class.realdirpath('/test-dir/sub-dir/test-link')
-            expect(path).to eq '/test-dir/sub-dir/test'
+            expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/sub-dir/test')
           end
         end
       end
@@ -1212,7 +1318,7 @@ module MemFs
       context 'when the last part of the given path does not exist' do
         it 'uses its name in the resulting path' do
           path = described_class.realdirpath('/test-dir/sub-dir/test')
-          expect(path).to eq '/test-dir/sub-dir/test'
+          expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/sub-dir/test')
         end
       end
 
@@ -1220,7 +1326,7 @@ module MemFs
         it 'raises an exception' do
           expect {
             described_class.realdirpath '/no-dir/test-file'
-          }.to raise_error
+          }.to raise_error Errno::ENOENT
         end
       end
     end
@@ -1235,7 +1341,7 @@ module MemFs
       context 'when the path does not contain any symlink or useless dots' do
         it 'returns the path itself' do
           path = described_class.realpath('/test-file')
-          expect(path).to eq '/test-file'
+          expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-file')
         end
       end
 
@@ -1243,14 +1349,14 @@ module MemFs
         context 'and the symlink is a middle part' do
           it 'returns the path with the symlink dereferrenced' do
             path = described_class.realpath('/test-dir/sub-dir-link/test-file')
-            expect(path).to eq '/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file'
+            expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file')
           end
         end
 
         context 'and the symlink is the last part' do
           it 'returns the path with the symlink dereferrenced' do
             path = described_class.realpath('/test-dir/sub-dir-link')
-            expect(path).to eq '/test-dir/sub-dir'
+            expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/sub-dir')
           end
         end
       end
@@ -1258,7 +1364,7 @@ module MemFs
       context 'when the path contains useless dots' do
         it 'returns the path with the useless dots interpolated' do
           path = described_class.realpath('/test-dir/../test-dir/./sub-dir/test-file')
-          expect(path).to eq '/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file'
+          expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file')
         end
       end
 
@@ -1268,14 +1374,14 @@ module MemFs
             _fs.chdir '/test-dir'
 
             path = described_class.realpath('../test-dir/./sub-dir/test-file')
-            expect(path).to eq '/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file'
+            expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file')
           end
         end
 
         context 'and +dir_string+ is provided' do
           it 'uses the given directory has base directory' do
             path = described_class.realpath('../test-dir/./sub-dir/test-file', '/test-dir')
-            expect(path).to eq '/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file'
+            expect(path).to eq expected_path('/test-dir/sub-dir/test-file')
           end
         end
       end
@@ -1284,7 +1390,7 @@ module MemFs
         it 'raises an exception' do
           expect {
             described_class.realpath '/no-dir/test-file'
-          }.to raise_error
+          }.to raise_error Errno::ENOENT
         end
       end
     end
@@ -1307,7 +1413,7 @@ module MemFs
       context 'when the named file exists' do
         context 'and the named file has the setgid bit set' do
           it 'returns true' do
-            _fs.chmod 02000, '/test-file'
+            _fs.chmod 0o2000, '/test-file'
 
             setgid = File.setgid?('/test-file')
             expect(setgid).to be true
@@ -1316,6 +1422,8 @@ module MemFs
 
         context 'and the named file does not have the setgid bit set' do
           it 'returns false' do
+            _fs.chmod 0o644, '/test-file'
+
             setgid = File.setgid?('/test-file')
             expect(setgid).not_to be true
           end
@@ -1334,7 +1442,7 @@ module MemFs
       context 'when the named file exists' do
         context 'and the named file has the setuid bit set' do
           it 'returns true' do
-            _fs.chmod 04000, '/test-file'
+            _fs.chmod 0o4000, '/test-file'
 
             setuid = File.setuid?('/test-file')
             expect(setuid).to be true
@@ -1343,6 +1451,8 @@ module MemFs
 
         context 'and the named file does not have the setuid bit set' do
           it 'returns false' do
+            _fs.chmod 0o644, '/test-file'
+
             setuid = File.setuid?('/test-file')
             expect(setuid).not_to be true
           end
@@ -1441,10 +1551,10 @@ module MemFs
       end
 
       it 'always returns a new object' do
-        stat_1 = described_class.stat('/test-file')
-        stat_2 = described_class.stat('/test-file')
+        stat1 = described_class.stat('/test-file')
+        stat2 = described_class.stat('/test-file')
 
-        expect(stat_2).not_to be stat_1
+        expect(stat2).not_to be stat1
       end
     end
 
@@ -1452,14 +1562,15 @@ module MemFs
       context 'when the named file exists' do
         it 'returns true if the named file has the sticky bit set' do
           _fs.touch '/test-file'
-          _fs.chmod 01777, '/test-file'
+          _fs.chmod 0o1777, '/test-file'
 
           sticky = File.sticky?('/test-file')
           expect(sticky).to be true
         end
 
-        it "returns false if the named file hasn't' the sticky bit set" do
+        it 'returns false if the named file hasn’t the sticky bit set' do
           _fs.touch '/test-file'
+          _fs.chmod 0o666, '/test-file'
 
           sticky = File.sticky?('/test-file')
           expect(sticky).to be false
@@ -1540,33 +1651,37 @@ module MemFs
 
       context 'when the named file does not exist' do
         it 'raises an exception' do
-          expect { described_class.truncate '/no-file', 5 }.to raise_error
+          expect {
+            described_class.truncate '/no-file', 5
+          }.to raise_error Errno::ENOENT
         end
       end
 
       context 'when the given size is negative' do
         it 'it raises an exception' do
-          expect { described_class.truncate '/test-file', -1 }.to raise_error
+          expect {
+            described_class.truncate '/test-file', -1
+          }.to raise_error TypeError
         end
       end
     end
 
     describe '.umask' do
-      before { described_class.umask 0022 }
+      before { described_class.umask 0o022 }
 
       it 'returns the current umask value for this process' do
-        expect(described_class.umask).to be 0022
+        expect(described_class.umask).to be 0o022
       end
 
       context 'when the optional argument is given' do
         it 'sets the umask to that value' do
-          described_class.umask 0777
-          expect(described_class.umask).to be 0777
+          described_class.umask 0o777
+          expect(described_class.umask).to be 0o777
         end
 
         it 'return the previous value' do
-          previous_umask = described_class.umask(0777)
-          expect(previous_umask).to be 0022
+          previous_umask = described_class.umask(0o777)
+          expect(previous_umask).to be 0o022
         end
       end
     end
@@ -1803,6 +1918,54 @@ module MemFs
       end
     end
 
+    describe '.write' do
+      it 'writes the string to the given file' do
+        described_class.write('/test-file', 'test')
+        read_content = described_class.read('/test-file')
+        expect(read_content).to eq 'test'
+      end
+
+      context 'when +offset+ is provided' do
+        it 'writes the string to the given file when offset is 0' do
+          described_class.write('/test-file', 'test', 0)
+          read_content = described_class.read('/test-file')
+          expect(read_content).to eq 'test'
+        end
+
+        it 'writes the string to the given file when offset is nil' do
+          described_class.write('/test-file', 'test', nil)
+          read_content = described_class.read('/test-file')
+          expect(read_content).to eq 'test'
+        end
+
+        it 'starts writing from the offset' do
+          skip('Offsets not yet implemented in IO.write')
+          described_class.write('/test-file', 'test')
+          described_class.write('/test-file', 'test', 2)
+          read_content = described_class.read('/test-file')
+          expect(read_content).to eq 'tetest'
+        end
+
+        it 'raises an error if offset is negative' do
+          expect {
+            described_class.write('/test-file', 'foo', -1)
+          }.to raise_error Errno::EINVAL
+        end
+
+        it 'raises an error if offset is a boolean' do
+          expect {
+            described_class.write '/test-file', 'foo', false
+          }.to raise_error TypeError
+        end
+
+        it 'raises an error if offset is a string' do
+          expect {
+            described_class.write '/test-file', 'foo', 'offset'
+          }.to raise_error TypeError
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
     describe '.zero?' do
       context 'when the named file exists' do
         context 'and has a zero size' do
@@ -1906,7 +2069,7 @@ module MemFs
     end
 
     describe '#autoclose?' do
-      it "returns true by default" do
+      it 'returns true by default' do
         expect(subject.autoclose?).to be true
       end
 
@@ -1938,7 +2101,7 @@ module MemFs
         expect(subject.binmode?).to be true
       end
 
-      it "sets the file encoding to ASCII-8BIT" do
+      it 'sets the file encoding to ASCII-8BIT' do
         subject.binmode
 
         encoding = subject.external_encoding
@@ -1947,7 +2110,7 @@ module MemFs
     end
 
     describe '#binmode?' do
-      it "returns false by default" do
+      it 'returns false by default' do
         expect(subject.binmode?).to be false
       end
 
@@ -1960,6 +2123,12 @@ module MemFs
       end
     end
 
+    describe '#birthtime' do
+      it 'returns a Time object' do
+        expect(subject.birthtime).to be_a Time
+      end
+    end
+
     describe '#bytes' do
       it_behaves_like 'aliased method', :bytes, :each_byte
     end
@@ -1970,14 +2139,14 @@ module MemFs
 
     describe '#chmod' do
       it 'changes permission bits on the file' do
-        subject.chmod 0777
+        subject.chmod 0o777
 
         mode = subject.stat.mode
-        expect(mode).to be 0100777
+        expect(mode).to be 0o100777
       end
 
       it 'returns zero' do
-        returned_value = subject.chmod(0777)
+        returned_value = subject.chmod(0o777)
         expect(returned_value).to be_zero
       end
     end
@@ -2023,7 +2192,7 @@ module MemFs
 
       it 'ignores -1 user id' do
         expect {
-          subject.chown -1, 42
+          subject.chown(-1, 42)
         }.to_not change { subject.stat.uid }
       end
 
@@ -2097,7 +2266,7 @@ module MemFs
         expect(subject.close_on_exec?).to be true
       end
 
-      context "when the close-on-exec flag is set to false" do
+      context 'when the close-on-exec flag is set to false' do
         before { subject.close_on_exec = false }
 
         it 'returns false' do
@@ -2186,7 +2355,7 @@ module MemFs
       context 'when the file is not open for reading' do
         it 'raises an exception' do
           expect {
-            write_subject.each_byte { |b| }
+            write_subject.each_byte {}
           }.to raise_error IOError
         end
 
@@ -2223,7 +2392,7 @@ module MemFs
       context 'when the file is not open for reading' do
         it 'raises an exception' do
           expect {
-            write_subject.each_char { |b| }
+            write_subject.each_char {}
           }.to raise_error IOError
         end
 
@@ -2313,6 +2482,12 @@ module MemFs
       end
     end
 
+    describe '#fileno' do
+      it 'raises an exception' do
+        expect { subject.fileno }.to raise_exception(NotImplementedError)
+      end
+    end
+
     describe '#flock' do
       it 'returns zero' do
         returned_value = subject.flock(File::LOCK_EX)
@@ -2325,19 +2500,11 @@ module MemFs
         expect(subject.lstat).to be_a File::Stat
       end
 
-      it 'does not follow the last symbolic link' do
-        file = described_class.new('/test-link')
+      context 'when the given file is a symlink' do
+        subject { described_class.new('/test-link') }
 
-        is_symlink = file.lstat.symlink?
-        expect(is_symlink).to be true
-      end
-
-      context 'when the named file is a symlink' do
-        context 'and its target does not exist' do
-          it 'ignores errors' do
-            file = described_class.new('/no-link')
-            expect { file.lstat }.not_to raise_error
-          end
+        it 'does not follow the last symbolic link' do
+          expect(subject.lstat).to be_symlink
         end
       end
     end
@@ -2507,7 +2674,7 @@ module MemFs
         expect(content).to eq "test\n"
       end
 
-      it "does not override the file's content" do
+      it 'does not override the file’s content' do
         write_subject.puts 'test'
         write_subject.puts 'test'
         write_subject.close
@@ -2562,7 +2729,7 @@ module MemFs
 
       context 'when a buffer is given' do
         it 'fills the buffer with the read content' do
-          buffer = String.new
+          buffer = +''
           subject.read 2, buffer
 
           expect(buffer).to eq random_string[0, 2]
@@ -2599,7 +2766,7 @@ module MemFs
 
       context 'when +whence+ is IO::SEEK_END' do
         it 'seeks to +amount+ plus end of stream' do
-          subject.seek -1, ::IO::SEEK_END
+          subject.seek(-1, ::IO::SEEK_END)
 
           expect(subject.pos).to be 4
         end
@@ -2621,7 +2788,7 @@ module MemFs
 
       context 'if the position ends up to be less than zero' do
         it 'raises an exception' do
-          expect { subject.seek -1 }.to raise_error Errno::EINVAL
+          expect { subject.seek(-1) }.to raise_error Errno::EINVAL
         end
       end
     end