isbn 1.4.1

data/src/jpeg-7/wrgif.c

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+/*
+ * wrgif.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1991-1997, Thomas G. Lane.
+ * This file is part of the Independent JPEG Group's software.
+ * For conditions of distribution and use, see the accompanying README file.
+ *
+ * This file contains routines to write output images in GIF format.
+ *
+ **************************************************************************
+ * NOTE: to avoid entanglements with Unisys' patent on LZW compression,   *
+ * this code has been modified to output "uncompressed GIF" files.        *
+ * There is no trace of the LZW algorithm in this file.                   *
+ **************************************************************************
+ *
+ * These routines may need modification for non-Unix environments or
+ * specialized applications.  As they stand, they assume output to
+ * an ordinary stdio stream.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This code is loosely based on ppmtogif from the PBMPLUS distribution
+ * of Feb. 1991.  That file contains the following copyright notice:
+ *    Based on GIFENCODE by David Rowley <mgardi@watdscu.waterloo.edu>.
+ *    Lempel-Ziv compression based on "compress" by Spencer W. Thomas et al.
+ *    Copyright (C) 1989 by Jef Poskanzer.
+ *    Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
+ *    documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided
+ *    that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that
+ *    copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting
+ *    documentation.  This software is provided "as is" without express or
+ *    implied warranty.
+ *
+ * We are also required to state that
+ *    "The Graphics Interchange Format(c) is the Copyright property of
+ *    CompuServe Incorporated. GIF(sm) is a Service Mark property of
+ *    CompuServe Incorporated."
+ */
+
+#include "cdjpeg.h"		/* Common decls for cjpeg/djpeg applications */
+
+#ifdef GIF_SUPPORTED
+
+
+/* Private version of data destination object */
+
+typedef struct {
+  struct djpeg_dest_struct pub;	/* public fields */
+
+  j_decompress_ptr cinfo;	/* back link saves passing separate parm */
+
+  /* State for packing variable-width codes into a bitstream */
+  int n_bits;			/* current number of bits/code */
+  int maxcode;			/* maximum code, given n_bits */
+  INT32 cur_accum;		/* holds bits not yet output */
+  int cur_bits;			/* # of bits in cur_accum */
+
+  /* State for GIF code assignment */
+  int ClearCode;		/* clear code (doesn't change) */
+  int EOFCode;			/* EOF code (ditto) */
+  int code_counter;		/* counts output symbols */
+
+  /* GIF data packet construction buffer */
+  int bytesinpkt;		/* # of bytes in current packet */
+  char packetbuf[256];		/* workspace for accumulating packet */
+
+} gif_dest_struct;
+
+typedef gif_dest_struct * gif_dest_ptr;
+
+/* Largest value that will fit in N bits */
+#define MAXCODE(n_bits)	((1 << (n_bits)) - 1)
+
+
+/*
+ * Routines to package finished data bytes into GIF data blocks.
+ * A data block consists of a count byte (1..255) and that many data bytes.
+ */
+
+LOCAL(void)
+flush_packet (gif_dest_ptr dinfo)
+/* flush any accumulated data */
+{
+  if (dinfo->bytesinpkt > 0) {	/* never write zero-length packet */
+    dinfo->packetbuf[0] = (char) dinfo->bytesinpkt++;
+    if (JFWRITE(dinfo->pub.output_file, dinfo->packetbuf, dinfo->bytesinpkt)
+	!= (size_t) dinfo->bytesinpkt)
+      ERREXIT(dinfo->cinfo, JERR_FILE_WRITE);
+    dinfo->bytesinpkt = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/* Add a character to current packet; flush to disk if necessary */
+#define CHAR_OUT(dinfo,c)  \
+	{ (dinfo)->packetbuf[++(dinfo)->bytesinpkt] = (char) (c);  \
+	    if ((dinfo)->bytesinpkt >= 255)  \
+	      flush_packet(dinfo);  \
+	}
+
+
+/* Routine to convert variable-width codes into a byte stream */
+
+LOCAL(void)
+output (gif_dest_ptr dinfo, int code)
+/* Emit a code of n_bits bits */
+/* Uses cur_accum and cur_bits to reblock into 8-bit bytes */
+{
+  dinfo->cur_accum |= ((INT32) code) << dinfo->cur_bits;
+  dinfo->cur_bits += dinfo->n_bits;
+
+  while (dinfo->cur_bits >= 8) {
+    CHAR_OUT(dinfo, dinfo->cur_accum & 0xFF);
+    dinfo->cur_accum >>= 8;
+    dinfo->cur_bits -= 8;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/* The pseudo-compression algorithm.
+ *
+ * In this module we simply output each pixel value as a separate symbol;
+ * thus, no compression occurs.  In fact, there is expansion of one bit per
+ * pixel, because we use a symbol width one bit wider than the pixel width.
+ *
+ * GIF ordinarily uses variable-width symbols, and the decoder will expect
+ * to ratchet up the symbol width after a fixed number of symbols.
+ * To simplify the logic and keep the expansion penalty down, we emit a
+ * GIF Clear code to reset the decoder just before the width would ratchet up.
+ * Thus, all the symbols in the output file will have the same bit width.
+ * Note that emitting the Clear codes at the right times is a mere matter of
+ * counting output symbols and is in no way dependent on the LZW patent.
+ *
+ * With a small basic pixel width (low color count), Clear codes will be
+ * needed very frequently, causing the file to expand even more.  So this
+ * simplistic approach wouldn't work too well on bilevel images, for example.
+ * But for output of JPEG conversions the pixel width will usually be 8 bits
+ * (129 to 256 colors), so the overhead added by Clear symbols is only about
+ * one symbol in every 256.
+ */
+
+LOCAL(void)
+compress_init (gif_dest_ptr dinfo, int i_bits)
+/* Initialize pseudo-compressor */
+{
+  /* init all the state variables */
+  dinfo->n_bits = i_bits;
+  dinfo->maxcode = MAXCODE(dinfo->n_bits);
+  dinfo->ClearCode = (1 << (i_bits - 1));
+  dinfo->EOFCode = dinfo->ClearCode + 1;
+  dinfo->code_counter = dinfo->ClearCode + 2;
+  /* init output buffering vars */
+  dinfo->bytesinpkt = 0;
+  dinfo->cur_accum = 0;
+  dinfo->cur_bits = 0;
+  /* GIF specifies an initial Clear code */
+  output(dinfo, dinfo->ClearCode);
+}
+
+
+LOCAL(void)
+compress_pixel (gif_dest_ptr dinfo, int c)
+/* Accept and "compress" one pixel value.
+ * The given value must be less than n_bits wide.
+ */
+{
+  /* Output the given pixel value as a symbol. */
+  output(dinfo, c);
+  /* Issue Clear codes often enough to keep the reader from ratcheting up
+   * its symbol size.
+   */
+  if (dinfo->code_counter < dinfo->maxcode) {
+    dinfo->code_counter++;
+  } else {
+    output(dinfo, dinfo->ClearCode);
+    dinfo->code_counter = dinfo->ClearCode + 2;	/* reset the counter */
+  }
+}
+
+
+LOCAL(void)
+compress_term (gif_dest_ptr dinfo)
+/* Clean up at end */
+{
+  /* Send an EOF code */
+  output(dinfo, dinfo->EOFCode);
+  /* Flush the bit-packing buffer */
+  if (dinfo->cur_bits > 0) {
+    CHAR_OUT(dinfo, dinfo->cur_accum & 0xFF);
+  }
+  /* Flush the packet buffer */
+  flush_packet(dinfo);
+}
+
+
+/* GIF header construction */
+
+
+LOCAL(void)
+put_word (gif_dest_ptr dinfo, unsigned int w)
+/* Emit a 16-bit word, LSB first */
+{
+  putc(w & 0xFF, dinfo->pub.output_file);
+  putc((w >> 8) & 0xFF, dinfo->pub.output_file);
+}
+
+
+LOCAL(void)
+put_3bytes (gif_dest_ptr dinfo, int val)
+/* Emit 3 copies of same byte value --- handy subr for colormap construction */
+{
+  putc(val, dinfo->pub.output_file);
+  putc(val, dinfo->pub.output_file);
+  putc(val, dinfo->pub.output_file);
+}
+
+
+LOCAL(void)
+emit_header (gif_dest_ptr dinfo, int num_colors, JSAMPARRAY colormap)
+/* Output the GIF file header, including color map */
+/* If colormap==NULL, synthesize a gray-scale colormap */
+{
+  int BitsPerPixel, ColorMapSize, InitCodeSize, FlagByte;
+  int cshift = dinfo->cinfo->data_precision - 8;
+  int i;
+
+  if (num_colors > 256)
+    ERREXIT1(dinfo->cinfo, JERR_TOO_MANY_COLORS, num_colors);
+  /* Compute bits/pixel and related values */
+  BitsPerPixel = 1;
+  while (num_colors > (1 << BitsPerPixel))
+    BitsPerPixel++;
+  ColorMapSize = 1 << BitsPerPixel;
+  if (BitsPerPixel <= 1)
+    InitCodeSize = 2;
+  else
+    InitCodeSize = BitsPerPixel;
+  /*
+   * Write the GIF header.
+   * Note that we generate a plain GIF87 header for maximum compatibility.
+   */
+  putc('G', dinfo->pub.output_file);
+  putc('I', dinfo->pub.output_file);
+  putc('F', dinfo->pub.output_file);
+  putc('8', dinfo->pub.output_file);
+  putc('7', dinfo->pub.output_file);
+  putc('a', dinfo->pub.output_file);
+  /* Write the Logical Screen Descriptor */
+  put_word(dinfo, (unsigned int) dinfo->cinfo->output_width);
+  put_word(dinfo, (unsigned int) dinfo->cinfo->output_height);
+  FlagByte = 0x80;		/* Yes, there is a global color table */
+  FlagByte |= (BitsPerPixel-1) << 4; /* color resolution */
+  FlagByte |= (BitsPerPixel-1);	/* size of global color table */
+  putc(FlagByte, dinfo->pub.output_file);
+  putc(0, dinfo->pub.output_file); /* Background color index */
+  putc(0, dinfo->pub.output_file); /* Reserved (aspect ratio in GIF89) */
+  /* Write the Global Color Map */
+  /* If the color map is more than 8 bits precision, */
+  /* we reduce it to 8 bits by shifting */
+  for (i=0; i < ColorMapSize; i++) {
+    if (i < num_colors) {
+      if (colormap != NULL) {
+	if (dinfo->cinfo->out_color_space == JCS_RGB) {
+	  /* Normal case: RGB color map */
+	  putc(GETJSAMPLE(colormap[0][i]) >> cshift, dinfo->pub.output_file);
+	  putc(GETJSAMPLE(colormap[1][i]) >> cshift, dinfo->pub.output_file);
+	  putc(GETJSAMPLE(colormap[2][i]) >> cshift, dinfo->pub.output_file);
+	} else {
+	  /* Grayscale "color map": possible if quantizing grayscale image */
+	  put_3bytes(dinfo, GETJSAMPLE(colormap[0][i]) >> cshift);
+	}
+      } else {
+	/* Create a gray-scale map of num_colors values, range 0..255 */
+	put_3bytes(dinfo, (i * 255 + (num_colors-1)/2) / (num_colors-1));
+      }
+    } else {
+      /* fill out the map to a power of 2 */
+      put_3bytes(dinfo, 0);
+    }
+  }
+  /* Write image separator and Image Descriptor */
+  putc(',', dinfo->pub.output_file); /* separator */
+  put_word(dinfo, 0);		/* left/top offset */
+  put_word(dinfo, 0);
+  put_word(dinfo, (unsigned int) dinfo->cinfo->output_width); /* image size */
+  put_word(dinfo, (unsigned int) dinfo->cinfo->output_height);
+  /* flag byte: not interlaced, no local color map */
+  putc(0x00, dinfo->pub.output_file);
+  /* Write Initial Code Size byte */
+  putc(InitCodeSize, dinfo->pub.output_file);
+
+  /* Initialize for "compression" of image data */
+  compress_init(dinfo, InitCodeSize+1);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Startup: write the file header.
+ */
+
+METHODDEF(void)
+start_output_gif (j_decompress_ptr cinfo, djpeg_dest_ptr dinfo)
+{
+  gif_dest_ptr dest = (gif_dest_ptr) dinfo;
+
+  if (cinfo->quantize_colors)
+    emit_header(dest, cinfo->actual_number_of_colors, cinfo->colormap);
+  else
+    emit_header(dest, 256, (JSAMPARRAY) NULL);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Write some pixel data.
+ * In this module rows_supplied will always be 1.
+ */
+
+METHODDEF(void)
+put_pixel_rows (j_decompress_ptr cinfo, djpeg_dest_ptr dinfo,
+		JDIMENSION rows_supplied)
+{
+  gif_dest_ptr dest = (gif_dest_ptr) dinfo;
+  register JSAMPROW ptr;
+  register JDIMENSION col;
+
+  ptr = dest->pub.buffer[0];
+  for (col = cinfo->output_width; col > 0; col--) {
+    compress_pixel(dest, GETJSAMPLE(*ptr++));
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Finish up at the end of the file.
+ */
+
+METHODDEF(void)
+finish_output_gif (j_decompress_ptr cinfo, djpeg_dest_ptr dinfo)
+{
+  gif_dest_ptr dest = (gif_dest_ptr) dinfo;
+
+  /* Flush "compression" mechanism */
+  compress_term(dest);
+  /* Write a zero-length data block to end the series */
+  putc(0, dest->pub.output_file);
+  /* Write the GIF terminator mark */
+  putc(';', dest->pub.output_file);
+  /* Make sure we wrote the output file OK */
+  fflush(dest->pub.output_file);
+  if (ferror(dest->pub.output_file))
+    ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_FILE_WRITE);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * The module selection routine for GIF format output.
+ */
+
+GLOBAL(djpeg_dest_ptr)
+jinit_write_gif (j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
+{
+  gif_dest_ptr dest;
+
+  /* Create module interface object, fill in method pointers */
+  dest = (gif_dest_ptr)
+      (*cinfo->mem->alloc_small) ((j_common_ptr) cinfo, JPOOL_IMAGE,
+				  SIZEOF(gif_dest_struct));
+  dest->cinfo = cinfo;		/* make back link for subroutines */
+  dest->pub.start_output = start_output_gif;
+  dest->pub.put_pixel_rows = put_pixel_rows;
+  dest->pub.finish_output = finish_output_gif;
+
+  if (cinfo->out_color_space != JCS_GRAYSCALE &&
+      cinfo->out_color_space != JCS_RGB)
+    ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_GIF_COLORSPACE);
+
+  /* Force quantization if color or if > 8 bits input */
+  if (cinfo->out_color_space != JCS_GRAYSCALE || cinfo->data_precision > 8) {
+    /* Force quantization to at most 256 colors */
+    cinfo->quantize_colors = TRUE;
+    if (cinfo->desired_number_of_colors > 256)
+      cinfo->desired_number_of_colors = 256;
+  }
+
+  /* Calculate output image dimensions so we can allocate space */
+  jpeg_calc_output_dimensions(cinfo);
+
+  if (cinfo->output_components != 1) /* safety check: just one component? */
+    ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_GIF_BUG);
+
+  /* Create decompressor output buffer. */
+  dest->pub.buffer = (*cinfo->mem->alloc_sarray)
+    ((j_common_ptr) cinfo, JPOOL_IMAGE, cinfo->output_width, (JDIMENSION) 1);
+  dest->pub.buffer_height = 1;
+
+  return (djpeg_dest_ptr) dest;
+}
+
+#endif /* GIF_SUPPORTED */

data/src/jpeg-7/wrjpgcom.1

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+.TH WRJPGCOM 1 "15 June 1995"
+.SH NAME
+wrjpgcom \- insert text comments into a JPEG file
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B wrjpgcom
+[
+.B \-replace
+]
+[
+.BI \-comment " text"
+]
+[
+.BI \-cfile " name"
+]
+[
+.I filename
+]
+.LP
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.LP
+.B wrjpgcom
+reads the named JPEG/JFIF file, or the standard input if no file is named,
+and generates a new JPEG/JFIF file on standard output.  A comment block is
+added to the file.
+.PP
+The JPEG standard allows "comment" (COM) blocks to occur within a JPEG file.
+Although the standard doesn't actually define what COM blocks are for, they
+are widely used to hold user-supplied text strings.  This lets you add
+annotations, titles, index terms, etc to your JPEG files, and later retrieve
+them as text.  COM blocks do not interfere with the image stored in the JPEG
+file.  The maximum size of a COM block is 64K, but you can have as many of
+them as you like in one JPEG file.
+.PP
+.B wrjpgcom
+adds a COM block, containing text you provide, to a JPEG file.
+Ordinarily, the COM block is added after any existing COM blocks; but you
+can delete the old COM blocks if you wish.
+.SH OPTIONS
+Switch names may be abbreviated, and are not case sensitive.
+.TP
+.B \-replace
+Delete any existing COM blocks from the file.
+.TP
+.BI \-comment " text"
+Supply text for new COM block on command line.
+.TP
+.BI \-cfile " name"
+Read text for new COM block from named file.
+.PP
+If you have only one line of comment text to add, you can provide it on the
+command line with
+.BR \-comment .
+The comment text must be surrounded with quotes so that it is treated as a
+single argument.  Longer comments can be read from a text file.
+.PP
+If you give neither
+.B \-comment
+nor
+.BR \-cfile ,
+then
+.B wrjpgcom
+will read the comment text from standard input.  (In this case an input image
+file name MUST be supplied, so that the source JPEG file comes from somewhere
+else.)  You can enter multiple lines, up to 64KB worth.  Type an end-of-file
+indicator (usually control-D) to terminate the comment text entry.
+.PP
+.B wrjpgcom
+will not add a COM block if the provided comment string is empty.  Therefore
+\fB\-replace \-comment ""\fR can be used to delete all COM blocks from a file.
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.LP
+Add a short comment to in.jpg, producing out.jpg:
+.IP
+.B wrjpgcom \-c
+\fI"View of my back yard" in.jpg
+.B >
+.I out.jpg
+.PP
+Attach a long comment previously stored in comment.txt:
+.IP
+.B wrjpgcom
+.I in.jpg
+.B <
+.I comment.txt
+.B >
+.I out.jpg
+.PP
+or equivalently
+.IP
+.B wrjpgcom
+.B -cfile
+.I comment.txt
+.B <
+.I in.jpg
+.B >
+.I out.jpg
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR cjpeg (1),
+.BR djpeg (1),
+.BR jpegtran (1),
+.BR rdjpgcom (1)
+.SH AUTHOR
+Independent JPEG Group