ibm_db 3.0.5 → 5.0.5

data/test/cases/associations/eager_test.rb

@@ -1,1429 +1,1514 @@
-require "cases/helper"
-require 'models/post'
-require 'models/tagging'
-require 'models/tag'
-require 'models/comment'
-require 'models/author'
-require 'models/essay'
-require 'models/category'
-require 'models/company'
-require 'models/person'
-require 'models/reader'
-require 'models/owner'
-require 'models/pet'
-require 'models/reference'
-require 'models/job'
-require 'models/subscriber'
-require 'models/subscription'
-require 'models/book'
-require 'models/developer'
-require 'models/computer'
-require 'models/project'
-require 'models/member'
-require 'models/membership'
-require 'models/club'
-require 'models/categorization'
-require 'models/sponsor'
-
-class EagerAssociationTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
-  fixtures :posts, :comments, :authors, :essays, :author_addresses, :categories, :categories_posts,
-            :companies, :accounts, :tags, :taggings, :people, :readers, :categorizations,
-            :owners, :pets, :author_favorites, :jobs, :references, :subscribers, :subscriptions, :books,
-            :developers, :projects, :developers_projects, :members, :memberships, :clubs, :sponsors
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_one_through_join_model_with_conditions_on_the_through
-    member = Member.all.merge!(:includes => :favourite_club).find(members(:some_other_guy).id)
-    assert_nil member.favourite_club
-  end
-
-  def test_loading_with_one_association
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :comments).to_a
-    post = posts.find { |p| p.id == 1 }
-    assert_equal 2, post.comments.size
-    assert post.comments.include?(comments(:greetings))
-
-    post = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :comments, :where => "posts.title = 'Welcome to the weblog'").first
-    assert_equal 2, post.comments.size
-    assert post.comments.include?(comments(:greetings))
-
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :last_comment).to_a
-    post = posts.find { |p| p.id == 1 }
-    assert_equal Post.find(1).last_comment, post.last_comment
-  end
-
-  def test_loading_with_one_association_with_non_preload
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :last_comment, :order => 'comments.id DESC').to_a
-    post = posts.find { |p| p.id == 1 }
-    assert_equal Post.find(1).last_comment, post.last_comment
-  end
-
-  def test_loading_conditions_with_or
-    posts = authors(:david).posts.references(:comments).merge(
-      :includes => :comments,
-      :where => "comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE} = 'SpecialComment'"
-    ).to_a
-    assert_nil posts.detect { |p| p.author_id != authors(:david).id },
-      "expected to find only david's posts"
-  end
-
-  def test_with_ordering
-    list = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :comments, :order => "posts.id DESC").to_a
-    [:other_by_mary, :other_by_bob, :misc_by_mary, :misc_by_bob, :eager_other,
-     :sti_habtm, :sti_post_and_comments, :sti_comments, :authorless, :thinking, :welcome
-    ].each_with_index do |post, index|
-      assert_equal posts(post), list[index]
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_has_many_through_with_order
-    authors = Author.includes(:favorite_authors).to_a
-    assert authors.count > 0
-    assert_no_queries { authors.map(&:favorite_authors) }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_loaded_has_one_association_with_references_does_not_run_additional_queries
-    Post.update_all(author_id: nil)
-    authors = Author.includes(:post).references(:post).to_a
-    assert authors.count > 0
-    assert_no_queries { authors.map(&:post) }
-  end
-
-  def test_with_two_tables_in_from_without_getting_double_quoted
-    posts = Post.select("posts.*").from("authors, posts").eager_load(:comments).where("posts.author_id = authors.id").order("posts.id").to_a
-    assert_equal 2, posts.first.comments.size
-  end
-
-  def test_loading_with_multiple_associations
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :comments, :author, :categories ], :order => "posts.id").to_a
-    assert_equal 2, posts.first.comments.size
-    assert_equal 2, posts.first.categories.size
-    assert posts.first.comments.include?(comments(:greetings))
-  end
-
-  def test_duplicate_middle_objects
-    comments = Comment.all.merge!(:where => 'post_id = 1', :includes => [:post => :author]).to_a
-    assert_no_queries do
-      comments.each {|comment| comment.post.author.name}
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_preloading_has_many_in_multiple_queries_with_more_ids_than_database_can_handle
-    Comment.connection.expects(:in_clause_length).at_least_once.returns(5)
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes=>:comments).to_a
-    assert_equal 11, posts.size
-  end
-
-  def test_preloading_has_many_in_one_queries_when_database_has_no_limit_on_ids_it_can_handle
-    Comment.connection.expects(:in_clause_length).at_least_once.returns(nil)
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes=>:comments).to_a
-    assert_equal 11, posts.size
-  end
-
-  def test_preloading_habtm_in_multiple_queries_with_more_ids_than_database_can_handle
-    Comment.connection.expects(:in_clause_length).at_least_once.returns(5)
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes=>:categories).to_a
-    assert_equal 11, posts.size
-  end
-
-  def test_preloading_habtm_in_one_queries_when_database_has_no_limit_on_ids_it_can_handle
-    Comment.connection.expects(:in_clause_length).at_least_once.returns(nil)
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes=>:categories).to_a
-    assert_equal 11, posts.size
-  end
-
-  def test_load_associated_records_in_one_query_when_adapter_has_no_limit
-    Comment.connection.expects(:in_clause_length).at_least_once.returns(nil)
-
-    post = posts(:welcome)
-    assert_queries(2) do
-      Post.includes(:comments).where(:id => post.id).to_a
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_load_associated_records_in_several_queries_when_many_ids_passed
-    Comment.connection.expects(:in_clause_length).at_least_once.returns(1)
-
-    post1, post2 = posts(:welcome), posts(:thinking)
-    assert_queries(3) do
-      Post.includes(:comments).where(:id => [post1.id, post2.id]).to_a
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_load_associated_records_in_one_query_when_a_few_ids_passed
-    Comment.connection.expects(:in_clause_length).at_least_once.returns(3)
-
-    post = posts(:welcome)
-    assert_queries(2) do
-      Post.includes(:comments).where(:id => post.id).to_a
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_including_duplicate_objects_from_belongs_to
-    popular_post = Post.create!(:title => 'foo', :body => "I like cars!")
-    comment = popular_post.comments.create!(:body => "lol")
-    popular_post.readers.create!(:person => people(:michael))
-    popular_post.readers.create!(:person => people(:david))
-
-    readers = Reader.all.merge!(:where => ["post_id = ?", popular_post.id],
-                                :includes => {:post => :comments}).to_a
-    readers.each do |reader|
-      assert_equal [comment], reader.post.comments
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_including_duplicate_objects_from_has_many
-    car_post = Post.create!(:title => 'foo', :body => "I like cars!")
-    car_post.categories << categories(:general)
-    car_post.categories << categories(:technology)
-
-    comment = car_post.comments.create!(:body => "hmm")
-    categories = Category.all.merge!(:where => { 'posts.id' => car_post.id },
-                                 :includes => {:posts => :comments}).to_a
-    categories.each do |category|
-      assert_equal [comment], category.posts[0].comments
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_associations_loaded_for_all_records
-    post = Post.create!(:title => 'foo', :body => "I like cars!")
-    SpecialComment.create!(:body => 'Come on!', :post => post)
-    first_category = Category.create! :name => 'First!', :posts => [post]
-    second_category = Category.create! :name => 'Second!', :posts => [post]
-
-    categories = Category.where(:id => [first_category.id, second_category.id]).includes(:posts => :special_comments)
-    assert_equal categories.map { |category| category.posts.first.special_comments.loaded? }, [true, true]
-  end
-
-  def test_finding_with_includes_on_has_many_association_with_same_include_includes_only_once
-    author_id = authors(:david).id
-    author = assert_queries(3) { Author.all.merge!(:includes => {:posts_with_comments => :comments}).find(author_id) } # find the author, then find the posts, then find the comments
-    author.posts_with_comments.each do |post_with_comments|
-      assert_equal post_with_comments.comments.length, post_with_comments.comments.count
-      assert_nil post_with_comments.comments.to_a.uniq!
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_finding_with_includes_on_has_one_association_with_same_include_includes_only_once
-    author = authors(:david)
-    post = author.post_about_thinking_with_last_comment
-    last_comment = post.last_comment
-    author = assert_queries(3) { Author.all.merge!(:includes => {:post_about_thinking_with_last_comment => :last_comment}).find(author.id)} # find the author, then find the posts, then find the comments
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal post, author.post_about_thinking_with_last_comment
-      assert_equal last_comment, author.post_about_thinking_with_last_comment.last_comment
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_finding_with_includes_on_belongs_to_association_with_same_include_includes_only_once
-    post = posts(:welcome)
-    author = post.author
-    author_address = author.author_address
-    post = assert_queries(3) { Post.all.merge!(:includes => {:author_with_address => :author_address}).find(post.id) } # find the post, then find the author, then find the address
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal author, post.author_with_address
-      assert_equal author_address, post.author_with_address.author_address
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_finding_with_includes_on_null_belongs_to_association_with_same_include_includes_only_once
-    post = posts(:welcome)
-    post.update!(author: nil)
-    post = assert_queries(1) { Post.all.merge!(includes: {author_with_address: :author_address}).find(post.id) }
-    # find the post, then find the author which is null so no query for the author or address
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal nil, post.author_with_address
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_finding_with_includes_on_null_belongs_to_polymorphic_association
-    sponsor = sponsors(:moustache_club_sponsor_for_groucho)
-    sponsor.update!(sponsorable: nil)
-    sponsor = assert_queries(1) { Sponsor.all.merge!(:includes => :sponsorable).find(sponsor.id) }
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal nil, sponsor.sponsorable
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_finding_with_includes_on_empty_polymorphic_type_column
-    sponsor = sponsors(:moustache_club_sponsor_for_groucho)
-    sponsor.update!(sponsorable_type: '', sponsorable_id: nil) # sponsorable_type column might be declared NOT NULL
-    sponsor = assert_queries(1) do
-      assert_nothing_raised { Sponsor.all.merge!(:includes => :sponsorable).find(sponsor.id) }
-    end
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal nil, sponsor.sponsorable
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_loading_from_an_association
-    posts = authors(:david).posts.merge(:includes => :comments, :order => "posts.id").to_a
-    assert_equal 2, posts.first.comments.size
-  end
-
-  def test_loading_from_an_association_that_has_a_hash_of_conditions
-    assert_nothing_raised do
-      Author.all.merge!(:includes => :hello_posts_with_hash_conditions).to_a
-    end
-    assert !Author.all.merge!(:includes => :hello_posts_with_hash_conditions).find(authors(:david).id).hello_posts.empty?
-  end
-
-  def test_loading_with_no_associations
-    assert_nil Post.all.merge!(:includes => :author).find(posts(:authorless).id).author
-  end
-
-  # Regression test for 21c75e5
-  def test_nested_loading_does_not_raise_exception_when_association_does_not_exist
-    assert_nothing_raised do
-      Post.all.merge!(:includes => {:author => :author_addresss}).find(posts(:authorless).id)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_three_level_nested_preloading_does_not_raise_exception_when_association_does_not_exist
-    post_id = Comment.where(author_id: nil).where.not(post_id: nil).first.post_id
-
-    assert_nothing_raised do
-      Post.preload(:comments => [{:author => :essays}]).find(post_id)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association
-    aa = AuthorAddress.all.merge!(:includes => {:author => :posts}).find(author_addresses(:david_address).id)
-    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
-  end
-
-  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_order
-    aa = AuthorAddress.all.merge!(:includes => {:author => :posts}, :order => 'author_addresses.id').find(author_addresses(:david_address).id)
-    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
-  end
-
-  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_order_on_association
-    aa = AuthorAddress.all.merge!(:includes => {:author => :posts}, :order => 'authors.id').find(author_addresses(:david_address).id)
-    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
-  end
-
-  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_order_on_nested_association
-    aa = AuthorAddress.all.merge!(:includes => {:author => :posts}, :order => 'posts.id').find(author_addresses(:david_address).id)
-    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
-  end
-
-  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_conditions
-    aa = AuthorAddress.references(:author_addresses).merge(
-      :includes => {:author => :posts},
-      :where => "author_addresses.id > 0"
-    ).find author_addresses(:david_address).id
-    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
-  end
-
-  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_conditions_on_association
-    aa = AuthorAddress.references(:authors).merge(
-      :includes => {:author => :posts},
-      :where => "authors.id > 0"
-    ).find author_addresses(:david_address).id
-    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
-  end
-
-  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_conditions_on_nested_association
-    aa = AuthorAddress.references(:posts).merge(
-      :includes => {:author => :posts},
-      :where => "posts.id > 0"
-    ).find author_addresses(:david_address).id
-    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_foreign_keys
-    pets = Pet.all.merge!(:includes => :owner).to_a
-    assert_equal 4, pets.length
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to
-    comments = Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post).to_a
-    assert_equal 11, comments.length
-    titles = comments.map { |c| c.post.title }
-    assert titles.include?(posts(:welcome).title)
-    assert titles.include?(posts(:sti_post_and_comments).title)
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit
-    comments = Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post, :limit => 5, :order => 'comments.id').to_a
-    assert_equal 5, comments.length
-    assert_equal [1,2,3,5,6], comments.collect { |c| c.id }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_conditions
-    comments = Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post, :where => 'post_id = 4', :limit => 3, :order => 'comments.id').to_a
-    assert_equal 3, comments.length
-    assert_equal [5,6,7], comments.collect { |c| c.id }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_offset
-    comments = Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post, :limit => 3, :offset => 2, :order => 'comments.id').to_a
-    assert_equal 3, comments.length
-    assert_equal [3,5,6], comments.collect { |c| c.id }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_offset_and_conditions
-    comments = Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post, :where => 'post_id = 4', :limit => 3, :offset => 1, :order => 'comments.id').to_a
-    assert_equal 3, comments.length
-    assert_equal [6,7,8], comments.collect { |c| c.id }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_offset_and_conditions_array
-    comments = Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post, :where => ['post_id = ?',4], :limit => 3, :offset => 1, :order => 'comments.id').to_a
-    assert_equal 3, comments.length
-    assert_equal [6,7,8], comments.collect { |c| c.id }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_conditions_string_with_unquoted_table_name
-    assert_nothing_raised do
-      Comment.includes(:post).references(:posts).where('posts.id = ?', 4)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_conditions_hash
-    comments = []
-    assert_nothing_raised do
-      comments = Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post, :where => {:posts => {:id => 4}}, :limit => 3, :order => 'comments.id').to_a
-    end
-    assert_equal 3, comments.length
-    assert_equal [5,6,7], comments.collect { |c| c.id }
-    assert_no_queries do
-      comments.first.post
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_conditions_string_with_quoted_table_name
-    quoted_posts_id= Comment.connection.quote_table_name('posts') + '.' + Comment.connection.quote_column_name('id')
-    assert_nothing_raised do
-      Comment.includes(:post).references(:posts).where("#{quoted_posts_id} = ?", 4)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_order_string_with_unquoted_table_name
-    assert_nothing_raised do
-      Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post, :order => 'posts.id').to_a
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_order_string_with_quoted_table_name
-    quoted_posts_id= Comment.connection.quote_table_name('posts') + '.' + Comment.connection.quote_column_name('id')
-    assert_nothing_raised do
-      Comment.includes(:post).references(:posts).order(quoted_posts_id)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_multiple_associations
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [:author, :very_special_comment], :limit => 1, :order => 'posts.id').to_a
-    assert_equal 1, posts.length
-    assert_equal [1], posts.collect { |p| p.id }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_offset_and_multiple_associations
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [:author, :very_special_comment], :limit => 1, :offset => 1, :order => 'posts.id').to_a
-    assert_equal 1, posts.length
-    assert_equal [2], posts.collect { |p| p.id }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_inferred_foreign_key_from_association_name
-    author_favorite = AuthorFavorite.all.merge!(:includes => :favorite_author).first
-    assert_equal authors(:mary), assert_no_queries { author_favorite.favorite_author }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_load_belongs_to_quotes_table_and_column_names
-    job = Job.includes(:ideal_reference).find jobs(:unicyclist).id
-    references(:michael_unicyclist)
-    assert_no_queries{ assert_equal references(:michael_unicyclist), job.ideal_reference}
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_load_has_one_quotes_table_and_column_names
-    michael = Person.all.merge!(:includes => :favourite_reference).find(people(:michael).id)
-    references(:michael_unicyclist)
-    assert_no_queries{ assert_equal references(:michael_unicyclist), michael.favourite_reference}
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_load_has_many_quotes_table_and_column_names
-    michael = Person.all.merge!(:includes => :references).find(people(:michael).id)
-    references(:michael_magician,:michael_unicyclist)
-    assert_no_queries{ assert_equal references(:michael_magician,:michael_unicyclist), michael.references.sort_by(&:id) }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_load_has_many_through_quotes_table_and_column_names
-    michael = Person.all.merge!(:includes => :jobs).find(people(:michael).id)
-    jobs(:magician, :unicyclist)
-    assert_no_queries{ assert_equal jobs(:unicyclist, :magician), michael.jobs.sort_by(&:id) }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_load_has_many_with_string_keys
-    subscriptions = subscriptions(:webster_awdr, :webster_rfr)
-    subscriber =Subscriber.all.merge!(:includes => :subscriptions).find(subscribers(:second).id)
-    assert_equal subscriptions, subscriber.subscriptions.sort_by(&:id)
-  end
-
-  def test_string_id_column_joins
-    s = Subscriber.create! do |c|
-      c.id = "PL"
-    end
-
-    b = Book.create!
-
-    Subscription.create!(:subscriber_id => "PL", :book_id => b.id)
-    s.reload
-    s.book_ids = s.book_ids
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_load_has_many_through_with_string_keys
-    books = books(:awdr, :rfr)
-    subscriber = Subscriber.all.merge!(:includes => :books).find(subscribers(:second).id)
-    assert_equal books, subscriber.books.sort_by(&:id)
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_load_belongs_to_with_string_keys
-    subscriber = subscribers(:second)
-    subscription = Subscription.all.merge!(:includes => :subscriber).find(subscriptions(:webster_awdr).id)
-    assert_equal subscriber, subscription.subscriber
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_explicit_join
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :comments, :joins => "INNER JOIN authors ON posts.author_id = authors.id AND authors.name = 'Mary'", :limit => 1, :order => 'author_id').to_a
-    assert_equal 1, posts.length
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_through
-    posts_with_comments = people(:michael).posts.merge(:includes => :comments, :order => 'posts.id').to_a
-    posts_with_author = people(:michael).posts.merge(:includes => :author, :order => 'posts.id').to_a
-    posts_with_comments_and_author = people(:michael).posts.merge(:includes => [ :comments, :author ], :order => 'posts.id').to_a
-    assert_equal 2, posts_with_comments.inject(0) { |sum, post| sum + post.comments.size }
-    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts_with_author.first.author }
-    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts_with_comments_and_author.first.author }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_a_belongs_to_association
-    author = authors(:mary)
-    Post.create!(:author => author, :title => "TITLE", :body => "BODY")
-    author.author_favorites.create(:favorite_author_id => 1)
-    author.author_favorites.create(:favorite_author_id => 2)
-    posts_with_author_favorites = author.posts.merge(:includes => :author_favorites).to_a
-    assert_no_queries { posts_with_author_favorites.first.author_favorites.first.author_id }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_an_sti_join_model
-    author = Author.all.merge!(:includes => :special_post_comments, :order => 'authors.id').first
-    assert_equal [comments(:does_it_hurt)], assert_no_queries { author.special_post_comments }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_an_sti_join_model_with_conditions_on_both
-    author = Author.all.merge!(:includes => :special_nonexistant_post_comments, :order => 'authors.id').first
-    assert_equal [], author.special_nonexistant_post_comments
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_with_conditions
-    assert_equal Author.all.merge!(:includes => :hello_post_comments,
-                             :order => 'authors.id').first.hello_post_comments.sort_by(&:id),
-                 Author.all.merge!(:order => 'authors.id').first.hello_post_comments.sort_by(&:id)
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_with_conditions_on_top_level
-    assert_equal comments(:more_greetings), Author.all.merge!(:includes => :comments_with_order_and_conditions).find(authors(:david).id).comments_with_order_and_conditions.first
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_with_include
-    author_comments = Author.all.merge!(:includes => :comments_with_include).find(authors(:david).id).comments_with_include.to_a
-    assert_no_queries do
-      author_comments.first.post.title
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_with_conditions_join_model_with_include
-    post_tags = Post.find(posts(:welcome).id).misc_tags
-    eager_post_tags = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :misc_tags).find(1).misc_tags
-    assert_equal post_tags, eager_post_tags
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_ignores_default_includes
-    assert_nothing_raised do
-      authors(:david).comments_on_posts_with_default_include.to_a
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:order => 'posts.id asc', :includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2).to_a
-    assert_equal 2, posts.size
-    assert_equal 3, posts.inject(0) { |sum, post| sum + post.comments.size }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_conditions
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2, :where => "posts.body = 'hello'", :order => "posts.id").to_a
-    assert_equal 2, posts.size
-    assert_equal [4,5], posts.collect { |p| p.id }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_conditions_array
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2, :where => [ "posts.body = ?", 'hello' ], :order => "posts.id").to_a
-    assert_equal 2, posts.size
-    assert_equal [4,5], posts.collect { |p| p.id }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_conditions_array_on_the_eagers
-    posts = Post.includes(:author, :comments).limit(2).references(:author).where("authors.name = ?", 'David')
-    assert_equal 2, posts.size
-
-    count = Post.includes(:author, :comments).limit(2).references(:author).where("authors.name = ?", 'David').count
-    assert_equal posts.size, count
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_high_offset
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2, :offset => 10, :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' }).to_a
-    assert_equal 0, posts.size
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_high_offset_and_multiple_array_conditions
-    assert_queries(1) do
-      posts = Post.references(:authors, :comments).
-        merge(:includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2, :offset => 10,
-          :where => [ "authors.name = ? and comments.body = ?", 'David', 'go crazy' ]).to_a
-      assert_equal 0, posts.size
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_high_offset_and_multiple_hash_conditions
-    assert_queries(1) do
-      posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2, :offset => 10,
-        :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David', 'comments.body' => 'go crazy' }).to_a
-      assert_equal 0, posts.size
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_count_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_high_offset
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2, :offset => 10, :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' }).count(:all)
-    assert_equal 0, posts
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_with_no_results
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2, :where => "posts.title = 'magic forest'").to_a
-    assert_equal 0, posts.size
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_count_performed_on_a_has_many_association_with_multi_table_conditional
-    author = authors(:david)
-    author_posts_without_comments = author.posts.select { |post| post.comments.blank? }
-    assert_equal author_posts_without_comments.size, author.posts.includes(:comments).where('comments.id is null').references(:comments).count
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_count_performed_on_a_has_many_through_association_with_multi_table_conditional
-    person = people(:michael)
-    person_posts_without_comments = person.posts.select { |post| post.comments.blank? }
-    assert_equal person_posts_without_comments.size, person.posts_with_no_comments.count
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_and_belongs_to_many_and_limit
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :categories, :order => "posts.id", :limit => 3).to_a
-    assert_equal 3, posts.size
-    assert_equal 2, posts[0].categories.size
-    assert_equal 1, posts[1].categories.size
-    assert_equal 0, posts[2].categories.size
-    assert posts[0].categories.include?(categories(:technology))
-    assert posts[1].categories.include?(categories(:general))
-  end
-
-  # Since the preloader for habtm gets raw row hashes from the database and then
-  # instantiates them, this test ensures that it only instantiates one actual
-  # object per record from the database.
-  def test_has_and_belongs_to_many_should_not_instantiate_same_records_multiple_times
-    welcome    = posts(:welcome)
-    categories = Category.includes(:posts)
-
-    general    = categories.find { |c| c == categories(:general) }
-    technology = categories.find { |c| c == categories(:technology) }
-
-    post1 = general.posts.to_a.find { |p| p == welcome }
-    post2 = technology.posts.to_a.find { |p| p == welcome }
-
-    assert_equal post1.object_id, post2.object_id
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_conditions_on_the_eagers
-    posts =
-      authors(:david).posts
-        .includes(:comments)
-        .where("comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE}= 'SpecialComment'")
-        .references(:comments)
-        .limit(2)
-        .to_a
-    assert_equal 2, posts.size
-
-    count =
-      Post.includes(:comments, :author)
-        .where("authors.name = 'David' AND (comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE}= 'SpecialComment')")
-        .references(:authors, :comments)
-        .limit(2)
-        .count
-    assert_equal count, posts.size
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_scoped_conditions_on_the_eagers
-    posts = nil
-    Post.includes(:comments)
-      .where("comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE}= 'SpecialComment'")
-      .references(:comments)
-      .scoping do
-
-      posts = authors(:david).posts.limit(2).to_a
-      assert_equal 2, posts.size
-    end
-
-    Post.includes(:comments, :author)
-      .where("authors.name = 'David' AND (comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE}= 'SpecialComment')")
-      .references(:authors, :comments)
-      .scoping do
-
-      count = Post.limit(2).count
-      assert_equal count, posts.size
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_loading_with_habtm
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :categories, :order => "posts.id").to_a
-    assert_equal 2, posts[0].categories.size
-    assert_equal 1, posts[1].categories.size
-    assert_equal 0, posts[2].categories.size
-    assert posts[0].categories.include?(categories(:technology))
-    assert posts[1].categories.include?(categories(:general))
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_inheritance
-    SpecialPost.all.merge!(:includes => [ :comments ]).to_a
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_has_one_with_association_inheritance
-    post = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :very_special_comment ]).find(4)
-    assert_equal "VerySpecialComment", post.very_special_comment.class.to_s
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_has_many_with_association_inheritance
-    post = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :special_comments ]).find(4)
-    post.special_comments.each do |special_comment|
-      assert special_comment.is_a?(SpecialComment)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_habtm_with_association_inheritance
-    post = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :special_categories ]).find(6)
-    assert_equal 1, post.special_categories.size
-    post.special_categories.each do |special_category|
-      assert_equal "SpecialCategory", special_category.class.to_s
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_has_one_dependent_does_not_destroy_dependent
-    assert_not_nil companies(:first_firm).account
-    f = Firm.all.merge!(:includes => :account,
-            :where => ["companies.name = ?", "37signals"]).first
-    assert_not_nil f.account
-    assert_equal companies(:first_firm, :reload).account, f.account
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_multi_table_conditional_properly_counts_the_records_when_using_size
-    author = authors(:david)
-    posts_with_no_comments = author.posts.select { |post| post.comments.blank? }
-    assert_equal posts_with_no_comments.size, author.posts_with_no_comments.size
-    assert_equal posts_with_no_comments, author.posts_with_no_comments
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_invalid_association_reference
-    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError, "Association was not found; perhaps you misspelled it?  You specified :include => :monkeys") {
-      Post.all.merge!(:includes=> :monkeys ).find(6)
-    }
-    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError, "Association was not found; perhaps you misspelled it?  You specified :include => :monkeys") {
-      Post.all.merge!(:includes=>[ :monkeys ]).find(6)
-    }
-    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError, "Association was not found; perhaps you misspelled it?  You specified :include => :monkeys") {
-      Post.all.merge!(:includes=>[ 'monkeys' ]).find(6)
-    }
-    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError, "Association was not found; perhaps you misspelled it?  You specified :include => :monkeys, :elephants") {
-      Post.all.merge!(:includes=>[ :monkeys, :elephants ]).find(6)
-    }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_default_scope
-    developer = EagerDeveloperWithDefaultScope.where(:name => 'David').first
-    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_class_method
-    developer = EagerDeveloperWithClassMethodDefaultScope.where(:name => 'David').first
-    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_lambda
-    developer = EagerDeveloperWithLambdaDefaultScope.where(:name => 'David').first
-    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_block
-    # warm up the habtm cache
-    EagerDeveloperWithBlockDefaultScope.where(:name => 'David').first.projects
-    developer = EagerDeveloperWithBlockDefaultScope.where(:name => 'David').first
-    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_callable
-    developer = EagerDeveloperWithCallableDefaultScope.where(:name => 'David').first
-    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def find_all_ordered(className, include=nil)
-    className.all.merge!(:order=>"#{className.table_name}.#{className.primary_key}", :includes=>include).to_a
-  end
-
-  def test_limited_eager_with_order
-    unless current_adapter?(:IBM_DBAdapter)
-		assert_equal(
-		  posts(:thinking, :sti_comments),
-		  Post.all.merge!(
-			:includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
-			:order => 'UPPER(posts.title)', :limit => 2, :offset => 1
-		  ).to_a
-		)
-		assert_equal(
-		  posts(:sti_post_and_comments, :sti_comments),
-		  Post.all.merge!(
-			:includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
-			:order => 'UPPER(posts.title) DESC', :limit => 2, :offset => 1
-		  ).to_a
-		)
-    else
-		assert_equal(
-		  posts(:thinking, :sti_comments),
-		  Post.all.merge!(
-			:includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
-			:order => 'posts.id', :limit => 2, :offset => 1
-		  ).to_a
-		)
-		assert_equal(
-		  posts(:sti_post_and_comments, :sti_comments),
-		  Post.all.merge!(
-			:includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
-			:order => 'posts.id DESC', :limit => 2, :offset => 1
-		  ).to_a
-		)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_limited_eager_with_multiple_order_columns
-    unless current_adapter?(:IBM_DBAdapter)
-      assert_equal(
-        posts(:thinking, :sti_comments),
-          Post.all.merge!(
-            :includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
-            :order => ['UPPER(posts.title)', 'posts.id'], :limit => 2, :offset => 1
-          ).to_a
-      )
-      assert_equal(
-        posts(:sti_post_and_comments, :sti_comments),
-        Post.all.merge!(
-          :includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
-          :order => ['UPPER(posts.title) DESC', 'posts.id'], :limit => 2, :offset => 1
-        ).to_a
-      )
-    else
-      assert_equal(
-        posts(:thinking, :sti_comments),
-          Post.all.merge!(
-            :includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
-            :order => ['posts.id'], :limit => 2, :offset => 1
-          ).to_a
-      )
-      assert_equal(
-        posts(:sti_post_and_comments, :sti_comments),
-        Post.all.merge!(
-          :includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
-          :order => ['posts.id DESC'], :limit => 2, :offset => 1
-        ).to_a
-      )
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_limited_eager_with_numeric_in_association
-    assert_equal(
-      people(:david, :susan),
-      Person.references(:number1_fans_people).merge(
-        :includes => [:readers, :primary_contact, :number1_fan],
-        :where => "number1_fans_people.first_name like 'M%'",
-        :order => 'people.id', :limit => 2, :offset => 0
-      ).to_a
-    )
-  end
-
-  def test_preload_with_interpolation
-    assert_deprecated do
-      post = Post.includes(:comments_with_interpolated_conditions).find(posts(:welcome).id)
-      assert_equal [comments(:greetings)], post.comments_with_interpolated_conditions
-    end
-
-    assert_deprecated do
-      post = Post.joins(:comments_with_interpolated_conditions).find(posts(:welcome).id)
-      assert_equal [comments(:greetings)], post.comments_with_interpolated_conditions
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_polymorphic_type_condition
-    post = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :taggings).find(posts(:thinking).id)
-    assert post.taggings.include?(taggings(:thinking_general))
-    post = SpecialPost.all.merge!(:includes => :taggings).find(posts(:thinking).id)
-    assert post.taggings.include?(taggings(:thinking_general))
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_multiple_associations_with_same_table_has_many_and_habtm
-    # Eager includes of has many and habtm associations aren't necessarily sorted in the same way
-    def assert_equal_after_sort(item1, item2, item3 = nil)
-      assert_equal(item1.sort{|a,b| a.id <=> b.id}, item2.sort{|a,b| a.id <=> b.id})
-      assert_equal(item3.sort{|a,b| a.id <=> b.id}, item2.sort{|a,b| a.id <=> b.id}) if item3
-    end
-    # Test regular association, association with conditions, association with
-    # STI, and association with conditions assured not to be true
-    post_types = [:posts, :other_posts, :special_posts]
-    # test both has_many and has_and_belongs_to_many
-    [Author, Category].each do |className|
-      d1 = find_all_ordered(className)
-      # test including all post types at once
-      d2 = find_all_ordered(className, post_types)
-      d1.each_index do |i|
-        assert_equal(d1[i], d2[i])
-        assert_equal_after_sort(d1[i].posts, d2[i].posts)
-        post_types[1..-1].each do |post_type|
-          # test including post_types together
-          d3 = find_all_ordered(className, [:posts, post_type])
-          assert_equal(d1[i], d3[i])
-          assert_equal_after_sort(d1[i].posts, d3[i].posts)
-          assert_equal_after_sort(d1[i].send(post_type), d2[i].send(post_type), d3[i].send(post_type))
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_multiple_associations_with_same_table_has_one
-    d1 = find_all_ordered(Firm)
-    d2 = find_all_ordered(Firm, :account)
-    d1.each_index do |i|
-      assert_equal(d1[i], d2[i])
-      assert_equal(d1[i].account, d2[i].account)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_multiple_associations_with_same_table_belongs_to
-    firm_types = [:firm, :firm_with_basic_id, :firm_with_other_name, :firm_with_condition]
-    d1 = find_all_ordered(Client)
-    d2 = find_all_ordered(Client, firm_types)
-    d1.each_index do |i|
-      assert_equal(d1[i], d2[i])
-      firm_types.each { |type| assert_equal(d1[i].send(type), d2[i].send(type)) }
-    end
-  end
-  def test_eager_with_valid_association_as_string_not_symbol
-    assert_nothing_raised { Post.all.merge!(:includes => 'comments').to_a }
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_with_floating_point_numbers
-    assert_queries(2) do
-      # Before changes, the floating point numbers will be interpreted as table names and will cause this to run in one query
-      Comment.all.merge!(:where => "123.456 = 123.456", :includes => :post).to_a
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_belongs_to
-    author = posts(:welcome).author_with_posts
-    assert_no_queries {assert_equal 5, author.posts.size}
-  end
-
-  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_has_one
-    comment = posts(:sti_comments).very_special_comment_with_post
-    assert_no_queries {assert_equal posts(:sti_comments), comment.post}
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_association_with_scope_with_joins
-    assert_nothing_raised do
-      Post.includes(:very_special_comment_with_post_with_joins).to_a
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_has_many
-    posts = authors(:david).posts_with_comments
-    one = posts.detect { |p| p.id == 1 }
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal 5, posts.size
-      assert_equal 2, one.comments.size
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_habtm
-    posts = authors(:david).posts_with_categories
-    one = posts.detect { |p| p.id == 1 }
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal 5, posts.size
-      assert_equal 2, one.categories.size
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_has_many_and_habtm
-    posts = authors(:david).posts_with_comments_and_categories
-    one = posts.detect { |p| p.id == 1 }
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal 5, posts.size
-      assert_equal 2, one.comments.size
-      assert_equal 2, one.categories.size
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_count_with_include
-    assert_equal 3, authors(:david).posts_with_comments.where("length(comments.body) > 15").references(:comments).count
-  end
-
-  def test_association_loading_notification
-    notifications = messages_for('instantiation.active_record') do
-      Developer.all.merge!(:includes => 'projects', :where => { 'developers_projects.access_level' => 1 }, :limit => 5).to_a.size
-    end
-
-    message = notifications.first
-    payload = message.last
-    count = Developer.all.merge!(:includes => 'projects', :where => { 'developers_projects.access_level' => 1 }, :limit => 5).to_a.size
-
-    # eagerloaded row count should be greater than just developer count
-    assert_operator payload[:record_count], :>, count
-    assert_equal Developer.name, payload[:class_name]
-  end
-
-  def test_base_messages
-    notifications = messages_for('instantiation.active_record') do
-      Developer.all.to_a
-    end
-    message = notifications.first
-    payload = message.last
-
-    assert_equal Developer.all.to_a.count, payload[:record_count]
-    assert_equal Developer.name, payload[:class_name]
-  end
-
-  def messages_for(name)
-    notifications = []
-    ActiveSupport::Notifications.subscribe(name) do |*args|
-      notifications << args
-    end
-    yield
-    notifications
-  ensure
-    ActiveSupport::Notifications.unsubscribe(name)
-  end
-
-  def test_load_with_sti_sharing_association
-    assert_queries(2) do #should not do 1 query per subclass
-      Comment.includes(:post).to_a
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_conditions_on_join_table_with_include_and_limit
-    assert_equal 3, Developer.all.merge!(:includes => 'projects', :where => { 'developers_projects.access_level' => 1 }, :limit => 5).to_a.size
-  end
-
-  def test_dont_create_temporary_active_record_instances
-    Developer.instance_count = 0
-    developers = Developer.all.merge!(:includes => 'projects', :where => { 'developers_projects.access_level' => 1 }, :limit => 5).to_a
-    assert_equal developers.count, Developer.instance_count
-  end
-
-  def test_order_on_join_table_with_include_and_limit
-    assert_equal 5, Developer.all.merge!(:includes => 'projects', :order => 'developers_projects.joined_on DESC', :limit => 5).to_a.size
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_loading_with_order_on_joined_table_preloads
-    posts = assert_queries(2) do
-      Post.all.merge!(:joins => :comments, :includes => :author, :order => 'comments.id DESC').to_a
-    end
-    assert_equal posts(:eager_other), posts[1]
-    assert_equal authors(:mary), assert_no_queries { posts[1].author}
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_loading_with_conditions_on_joined_table_preloads
-    posts = assert_queries(2) do
-      Post.all.merge!(:select => 'distinct posts.*', :includes => :author, :joins => [:comments], :where => "comments.body like 'Thank you%'", :order => 'posts.id').to_a
-    end
-    assert_equal [posts(:welcome)], posts
-    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts[0].author}
-
-    posts = assert_queries(2) do
-      Post.all.merge!(:select => 'distinct posts.*', :includes => :author, :joins => [:comments], :where => "comments.body like 'Thank you%'", :order => 'posts.id').to_a
-    end
-    assert_equal [posts(:welcome)], posts
-    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts[0].author}
-
-    posts = assert_queries(2) do
-      Post.all.merge!(:includes => :author, :joins => {:taggings => :tag}, :where => "tags.name = 'General'", :order => 'posts.id').to_a
-    end
-    assert_equal posts(:welcome, :thinking), posts
-
-    posts = assert_queries(2) do
-      Post.all.merge!(:includes => :author, :joins => {:taggings => {:tag => :taggings}}, :where => "taggings_tags.super_tag_id=2", :order => 'posts.id').to_a
-    end
-    assert_equal posts(:welcome, :thinking), posts
-  end
-
-  def test_preload_has_many_with_association_condition_and_default_scope
-    post = Post.create!(:title => 'Beaches', :body => "I like beaches!")
-    Reader.create! :person => people(:david), :post => post
-    LazyReader.create! :person => people(:susan), :post => post
-
-    assert_equal 1, post.lazy_readers.to_a.size
-    assert_equal 2, post.lazy_readers_skimmers_or_not.to_a.size
-
-    post_with_readers = Post.includes(:lazy_readers_skimmers_or_not).find(post.id)
-    assert_equal 2, post_with_readers.lazy_readers_skimmers_or_not.to_a.size
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_loading_with_conditions_on_string_joined_table_preloads
-    posts = assert_queries(2) do
-      Post.all.merge!(:select => 'distinct posts.*', :includes => :author, :joins => "INNER JOIN comments on comments.post_id = posts.id", :where => "comments.body like 'Thank you%'", :order => 'posts.id').to_a
-    end
-    assert_equal [posts(:welcome)], posts
-    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts[0].author}
-
-    posts = assert_queries(2) do
-      Post.all.merge!(:select => 'distinct posts.*', :includes => :author, :joins => ["INNER JOIN comments on comments.post_id = posts.id"], :where => "comments.body like 'Thank you%'", :order => 'posts.id').to_a
-    end
-    assert_equal [posts(:welcome)], posts
-    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts[0].author}
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_loading_with_select_on_joined_table_preloads
-    posts = assert_queries(2) do
-      Post.all.merge!(:select => 'posts.*, authors.name as author_name', :includes => :comments, :joins => :author, :order => 'posts.id').to_a
-    end
-    assert_equal 'David', posts[0].author_name
-    assert_equal posts(:welcome).comments, assert_no_queries { posts[0].comments}
-  end
-
-  def test_eager_loading_with_conditions_on_join_model_preloads
-    authors = assert_queries(2) do
-      Author.all.merge!(:includes => :author_address, :joins => :comments, :where => "posts.title like 'Welcome%'").to_a
-    end
-    assert_equal authors(:david), authors[0]
-    assert_equal author_addresses(:david_address), authors[0].author_address
-  end
-
-  def test_preload_belongs_to_uses_exclusive_scope
-    people = Person.males.merge(:includes => :primary_contact).to_a
-    assert_not_equal people.length, 0
-    people.each do |person|
-      assert_no_queries {assert_not_nil person.primary_contact}
-      assert_equal Person.find(person.id).primary_contact, person.primary_contact
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_preload_has_many_uses_exclusive_scope
-    people = Person.males.includes(:agents).to_a
-    people.each do |person|
-      assert_equal Person.find(person.id).agents, person.agents
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_preload_has_many_using_primary_key
-    expected = Firm.first.clients_using_primary_key.to_a
-    firm = Firm.includes(:clients_using_primary_key).first
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal expected, firm.clients_using_primary_key
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_include_has_many_using_primary_key
-    expected = Firm.find(1).clients_using_primary_key.sort_by(&:name)
-    # Oracle adapter truncates alias to 30 characters
-    if current_adapter?(:OracleAdapter)
-      firm = Firm.all.merge!(:includes => :clients_using_primary_key, :order => 'clients_using_primary_keys_companies'[0,30]+'.name').find(1)
-	elsif current_adapter?(:IBM_DBAdapter)
-      #firm = Firm.all.merge!(:includes => :clients_using_primary_key).find(1)
-	  firm = Firm.all.merge!(:includes => :clients_using_primary_key, :order => 'clients_using_primary_keys_companies.name').find(1)
-    else
-      firm = Firm.all.merge!(:includes => :clients_using_primary_key, :order => 'clients_using_primary_keys_companies.name').find(1)
-    end
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal expected, firm.clients_using_primary_key
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_preload_has_one_using_primary_key
-    expected = accounts(:signals37)
-    firm = Firm.all.merge!(:includes => :account_using_primary_key, :order => 'companies.id').first
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal expected, firm.account_using_primary_key
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_include_has_one_using_primary_key
-    expected = accounts(:signals37)
-    firm = Firm.all.merge!(:includes => :account_using_primary_key, :order => 'accounts.id').to_a.detect {|f| f.id == 1}
-    assert_no_queries do
-      assert_equal expected, firm.account_using_primary_key
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_preloading_empty_belongs_to
-    c = Client.create!(:name => 'Foo', :client_of => Company.maximum(:id) + 1)
-
-    client = assert_queries(2) { Client.preload(:firm).find(c.id) }
-    assert_no_queries { assert_nil client.firm }
-  end
-
-  def test_preloading_empty_belongs_to_polymorphic
-    t = Tagging.create!(:taggable_type => 'Post', :taggable_id => Post.maximum(:id) + 1, :tag => tags(:general))
-
-    tagging = assert_queries(2) { Tagging.preload(:taggable).find(t.id) }
-    assert_no_queries { assert_nil tagging.taggable }
-  end
-
-  def test_preloading_through_empty_belongs_to
-    c = Client.create!(:name => 'Foo', :client_of => Company.maximum(:id) + 1)
-
-    client = assert_queries(2) { Client.preload(:accounts).find(c.id) }
-    assert_no_queries { assert client.accounts.empty? }
-  end
-
-  def test_preloading_has_many_through_with_uniq
-    mary = Author.includes(:unique_categorized_posts).where(:id => authors(:mary).id).first
-    assert_equal 1, mary.unique_categorized_posts.length
-    assert_equal 1, mary.unique_categorized_post_ids.length
-  end
-
-  def test_preloading_has_one_using_reorder
-    klass = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base) do
-      def self.name; "TempAuthor"; end
-      self.table_name = "authors"
-      has_one :post, class_name: "PostWithDefaultScope", foreign_key: :author_id
-      has_one :reorderd_post, -> { reorder(title: :desc) }, class_name: "PostWithDefaultScope", foreign_key: :author_id
-    end
-
-    author = klass.first
-    # PRECONDITION: make sure ordering results in different results
-    assert_not_equal author.post, author.reorderd_post
-
-    preloaded_reorderd_post = klass.preload(:reorderd_post).first.reorderd_post
-
-    assert_equal author.reorderd_post, preloaded_reorderd_post
-    assert_equal Post.order(title: :desc).first.title, preloaded_reorderd_post.title
-  end
-
-  def test_preloading_polymorphic_with_custom_foreign_type
-    sponsor = sponsors(:moustache_club_sponsor_for_groucho)
-    groucho = members(:groucho)
-
-    sponsor = assert_queries(2) {
-      Sponsor.includes(:thing).where(:id => sponsor.id).first
-    }
-    assert_no_queries { assert_equal groucho, sponsor.thing }
-  end
-
-  def test_joins_with_includes_should_preload_via_joins
-    post = assert_queries(1) { Post.includes(:comments).joins(:comments).order('posts.id desc').to_a.first }
-
-    assert_queries(0) do
-      assert_not_equal 0, post.comments.to_a.count
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_join_eager_with_empty_order_should_generate_valid_sql
-    assert_nothing_raised(ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid) do
-      Post.includes(:comments).order("").where(:comments => {:body => "Thank you for the welcome"}).first
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_join_eager_with_nil_order_should_generate_valid_sql
-    assert_nothing_raised(ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid) do
-      Post.includes(:comments).order(nil).where(:comments => {:body => "Thank you for the welcome"}).first
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_deep_including_through_habtm
-    # warm up habtm cache
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => {:categories => :categorizations}, :order => "posts.id").to_a
-    posts[0].categories[0].categorizations.length
-
-    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => {:categories => :categorizations}, :order => "posts.id").to_a
-    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 2, posts[0].categories[0].categorizations.length }
-    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 1, posts[0].categories[1].categorizations.length }
-    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 2, posts[1].categories[0].categorizations.length }
-  end
-
-  test "scoping with a circular preload" do
-    assert_equal Comment.find(1), Comment.preload(:post => :comments).scoping { Comment.find(1) }
-  end
-
-  test "circular preload does not modify unscoped" do
-    expected = FirstPost.unscoped.find(2)
-    FirstPost.preload(:comments => :first_post).find(1)
-    assert_equal expected, FirstPost.unscoped.find(2)
-  end
-
-  test "preload ignores the scoping" do
-    assert_equal(
-      Comment.find(1).post,
-      Post.where('1 = 0').scoping { Comment.preload(:post).find(1).post }
-    )
-  end
-
-  test "deep preload" do
-    post = Post.preload(author: :posts, comments: :post).first
-
-    assert_predicate post.author.association(:posts), :loaded?
-    assert_predicate post.comments.first.association(:post), :loaded?
-  end
-
-  test "preloading does not cache has many association subset when preloaded with a through association" do
-    author = Author.includes(:comments_with_order_and_conditions, :posts).first
-    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 2, author.comments_with_order_and_conditions.size }
-    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 5, author.posts.size, "should not cache a subset of the association" }
-  end
-
-  test "preloading a through association twice does not reset it" do
-    members = Member.includes(current_membership: :club).includes(:club).to_a
-    assert_no_queries {
-      assert_equal 3, members.map(&:current_membership).map(&:club).size
-    }
-  end
-
-  test "works in combination with order(:symbol) and reorder(:symbol)" do
-    author = Author.includes(:posts).references(:posts).order(:name).find_by('posts.title IS NOT NULL')
-    assert_equal authors(:bob), author
-
-    author = Author.includes(:posts).references(:posts).reorder(:name).find_by('posts.title IS NOT NULL')
-    assert_equal authors(:bob), author
-  end
-
-  test "preloading with a polymorphic association and using the existential predicate but also using a select" do
-    assert_equal authors(:david), authors(:david).essays.includes(:writer).first.writer
-
-    assert_nothing_raised do
-      authors(:david).essays.includes(:writer).select(:name).any?
-    end
-  end
-
-  test "preloading the same association twice works" do
-    Member.create!
-    members = Member.preload(:current_membership).includes(current_membership: :club).all.to_a
-    assert_no_queries {
-      members_with_membership = members.select(&:current_membership)
-      assert_equal 3, members_with_membership.map(&:current_membership).map(&:club).size
-    }
-  end
-
-  test "preloading with a polymorphic association and using the existential predicate" do
-    assert_equal authors(:david), authors(:david).essays.includes(:writer).first.writer
-
-    assert_nothing_raised do
-      authors(:david).essays.includes(:writer).any?
-    end
-  end
-
-  test "preloading associations with string joins and order references" do
-    author = assert_queries(2) {
-      Author.includes(:posts).joins("LEFT JOIN posts ON posts.author_id = authors.id").order("posts.title DESC").first
-    }
-    assert_no_queries {
-      assert_equal 5, author.posts.size
-    }
-  end
-
-  test "including associations with where.not adds implicit references" do
-    author = assert_queries(2) {
-      Author.includes(:posts).where.not(posts: { title: 'Welcome to the weblog'} ).last
-    }
-
-    assert_no_queries {
-      assert_equal 2, author.posts.size
-    }
-  end
-
-  test "including association based on sql condition and no database column" do
-    assert_equal pets(:parrot), Owner.including_last_pet.first.last_pet
-  end
-
-  test "include instance dependent associations is deprecated" do
-    message = "association scope 'posts_with_signature' is"
-    assert_deprecated message do
-      begin
-        Author.includes(:posts_with_signature).to_a
-      rescue NoMethodError
-        # it's expected that preloading of this association fails
-      end
-    end
-
-    assert_deprecated message do
-      Author.preload(:posts_with_signature).to_a rescue NoMethodError
-    end
-
-    assert_deprecated message do
-      Author.eager_load(:posts_with_signature).to_a
-    end
-  end
-
-  test "associations with extensions are not instance dependent" do
-    assert_not_deprecated do
-      Author.includes(:posts_with_extension).to_a
-    end
-  end
-
-  test "including associations with extensions and an instance dependent scope is deprecated" do
-    assert_deprecated do
-      Author.includes(:posts_with_extension_and_instance).to_a
-    end
-  end
-
-  test "preloading readonly association" do
-    # has-one
-    firm = Firm.where(id: "1").preload(:readonly_account).first!
-    assert firm.readonly_account.readonly?
-
-    # has_and_belongs_to_many
-    project = Project.where(id: "2").preload(:readonly_developers).first!
-    assert project.readonly_developers.first.readonly?
-
-    # has-many :through
-    david = Author.where(id: "1").preload(:readonly_comments).first!
-    assert david.readonly_comments.first.readonly?
-  end
-
-  test "eager-loading readonly association" do
-    skip "eager_load does not yet preserve readonly associations"
-    # has-one
-    firm = Firm.where(id: "1").eager_load(:readonly_account).first!
-    assert firm.readonly_account.readonly?
-
-    # has_and_belongs_to_many
-    project = Project.where(id: "2").eager_load(:readonly_developers).first!
-    assert project.readonly_developers.first.readonly?
-
-    # has-many :through
-    david = Author.where(id: "1").eager_load(:readonly_comments).first!
-    assert david.readonly_comments.first.readonly?
-  end
-
-  test "preloading a polymorphic association with references to the associated table" do
-    post = Post.includes(:tags).references(:tags).where('tags.name = ?', 'General').first
-    assert_equal posts(:welcome), post
-  end
-
-  test "eager-loading a polymorphic association with references to the associated table" do
-    post = Post.eager_load(:tags).where('tags.name = ?', 'General').first
-    assert_equal posts(:welcome), post
-  end
-end
+require "cases/helper"
+require 'models/post'
+require 'models/tagging'
+require 'models/tag'
+require 'models/comment'
+require 'models/author'
+require 'models/essay'
+require 'models/category'
+require 'models/company'
+require 'models/person'
+require 'models/reader'
+require 'models/owner'
+require 'models/pet'
+require 'models/reference'
+require 'models/job'
+require 'models/subscriber'
+require 'models/subscription'
+require 'models/book'
+require 'models/developer'
+require 'models/computer'
+require 'models/project'
+require 'models/member'
+require 'models/membership'
+require 'models/club'
+require 'models/categorization'
+require 'models/sponsor'
+require 'models/mentor'
+require 'models/contract'
+
+class EagerAssociationTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  fixtures :posts, :comments, :authors, :essays, :author_addresses, :categories, :categories_posts,
+            :companies, :accounts, :tags, :taggings, :people, :readers, :categorizations,
+            :owners, :pets, :author_favorites, :jobs, :references, :subscribers, :subscriptions, :books,
+            :developers, :projects, :developers_projects, :members, :memberships, :clubs, :sponsors
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_one_through_join_model_with_conditions_on_the_through
+    member = Member.all.merge!(:includes => :favourite_club).find(members(:some_other_guy).id)
+    assert_nil member.favourite_club
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_with_one_association
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :comments).to_a
+    post = posts.find { |p| p.id == 1 }
+    assert_equal 2, post.comments.size
+    assert post.comments.include?(comments(:greetings))
+
+    post = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :comments, :where => "posts.title = 'Welcome to the weblog'").first
+    assert_equal 2, post.comments.size
+    assert post.comments.include?(comments(:greetings))
+
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :last_comment).to_a
+    post = posts.find { |p| p.id == 1 }
+    assert_equal Post.find(1).last_comment, post.last_comment
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_with_one_association_with_non_preload
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :last_comment, :order => 'comments.id DESC').to_a
+    post = posts.find { |p| p.id == 1 }
+    assert_equal Post.find(1).last_comment, post.last_comment
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_conditions_with_or
+    posts = authors(:david).posts.references(:comments).merge(
+      :includes => :comments,
+      :where => "comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE} = 'SpecialComment'"
+    ).to_a
+    assert_nil posts.detect { |p| p.author_id != authors(:david).id },
+      "expected to find only david's posts"
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_with_scope_including_joins
+    assert_equal clubs(:boring_club), Member.preload(:general_club).find(1).general_club
+  end
+
+  def test_with_ordering
+    list = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :comments, :order => "posts.id DESC").to_a
+    [:other_by_mary, :other_by_bob, :misc_by_mary, :misc_by_bob, :eager_other,
+     :sti_habtm, :sti_post_and_comments, :sti_comments, :authorless, :thinking, :welcome
+    ].each_with_index do |post, index|
+      assert_equal posts(post), list[index]
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_has_many_through_with_order
+    authors = Author.includes(:favorite_authors).to_a
+    assert authors.count > 0
+    assert_no_queries { authors.map(&:favorite_authors) }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_loaded_has_one_association_with_references_does_not_run_additional_queries
+    Post.update_all(author_id: nil)
+    authors = Author.includes(:post).references(:post).to_a
+    assert authors.count > 0
+    assert_no_queries { authors.map(&:post) }
+  end
+
+  def test_with_two_tables_in_from_without_getting_double_quoted
+    posts = Post.select("posts.*").from("authors, posts").eager_load(:comments).where("posts.author_id = authors.id").order("posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts.first.comments.size
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_with_multiple_associations
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :comments, :author, :categories ], :order => "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts.first.comments.size
+    assert_equal 2, posts.first.categories.size
+    assert posts.first.comments.include?(comments(:greetings))
+  end
+
+  def test_duplicate_middle_objects
+    comments = Comment.all.merge!(:where => 'post_id = 1', :includes => [:post => :author]).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      comments.each {|comment| comment.post.author.name}
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_has_many_in_multiple_queries_with_more_ids_than_database_can_handle
+    assert_called(Comment.connection, :in_clause_length, returns: 5) do
+      posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes=>:comments).to_a
+      assert_equal 11, posts.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_has_many_in_one_queries_when_database_has_no_limit_on_ids_it_can_handle
+    assert_called(Comment.connection, :in_clause_length, returns: nil) do
+      posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes=>:comments).to_a
+      assert_equal 11, posts.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_habtm_in_multiple_queries_with_more_ids_than_database_can_handle
+    assert_called(Comment.connection, :in_clause_length, times: 2, returns: 5) do
+      posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes=>:categories).to_a
+      assert_equal 11, posts.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_habtm_in_one_queries_when_database_has_no_limit_on_ids_it_can_handle
+    assert_called(Comment.connection, :in_clause_length, times: 2, returns: nil) do
+      posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes=>:categories).to_a
+      assert_equal 11, posts.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_load_associated_records_in_one_query_when_adapter_has_no_limit
+    assert_called(Comment.connection, :in_clause_length, returns: nil) do
+      post = posts(:welcome)
+      assert_queries(2) do
+        Post.includes(:comments).where(:id => post.id).to_a
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_load_associated_records_in_several_queries_when_many_ids_passed
+    assert_called(Comment.connection, :in_clause_length, returns: 1) do
+      post1, post2 = posts(:welcome), posts(:thinking)
+      assert_queries(3) do
+        Post.includes(:comments).where(:id => [post1.id, post2.id]).to_a
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_load_associated_records_in_one_query_when_a_few_ids_passed
+    assert_called(Comment.connection, :in_clause_length, returns: 3) do
+      post = posts(:welcome)
+      assert_queries(2) do
+        Post.includes(:comments).where(:id => post.id).to_a
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_including_duplicate_objects_from_belongs_to
+    popular_post = Post.create!(:title => 'foo', :body => "I like cars!")
+    comment = popular_post.comments.create!(:body => "lol")
+    popular_post.readers.create!(:person => people(:michael))
+    popular_post.readers.create!(:person => people(:david))
+
+    readers = Reader.all.merge!(:where => ["post_id = ?", popular_post.id],
+                                :includes => {:post => :comments}).to_a
+    readers.each do |reader|
+      assert_equal [comment], reader.post.comments
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_including_duplicate_objects_from_has_many
+    car_post = Post.create!(:title => 'foo', :body => "I like cars!")
+    car_post.categories << categories(:general)
+    car_post.categories << categories(:technology)
+
+    comment = car_post.comments.create!(:body => "hmm")
+    categories = Category.all.merge!(:where => { 'posts.id' => car_post.id },
+                                 :includes => {:posts => :comments}).to_a
+    categories.each do |category|
+      assert_equal [comment], category.posts[0].comments
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_associations_loaded_for_all_records
+    post = Post.create!(:title => 'foo', :body => "I like cars!")
+    SpecialComment.create!(:body => 'Come on!', :post => post)
+    first_category = Category.create! :name => 'First!', :posts => [post]
+    second_category = Category.create! :name => 'Second!', :posts => [post]
+
+    categories = Category.where(:id => [first_category.id, second_category.id]).includes(:posts => :special_comments)
+    assert_equal categories.map { |category| category.posts.first.special_comments.loaded? }, [true, true]
+  end
+
+  def test_finding_with_includes_on_has_many_association_with_same_include_includes_only_once
+    author_id = authors(:david).id
+    author = assert_queries(3) { Author.all.merge!(:includes => {:posts_with_comments => :comments}).find(author_id) } # find the author, then find the posts, then find the comments
+    author.posts_with_comments.each do |post_with_comments|
+      assert_equal post_with_comments.comments.length, post_with_comments.comments.count
+      assert_nil post_with_comments.comments.to_a.uniq!
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_finding_with_includes_on_has_one_association_with_same_include_includes_only_once
+    author = authors(:david)
+    post = author.post_about_thinking_with_last_comment
+    last_comment = post.last_comment
+    author = assert_queries(3) { Author.all.merge!(:includes => {:post_about_thinking_with_last_comment => :last_comment}).find(author.id)} # find the author, then find the posts, then find the comments
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal post, author.post_about_thinking_with_last_comment
+      assert_equal last_comment, author.post_about_thinking_with_last_comment.last_comment
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_finding_with_includes_on_belongs_to_association_with_same_include_includes_only_once
+    post = posts(:welcome)
+    author = post.author
+    author_address = author.author_address
+    post = assert_queries(3) { Post.all.merge!(:includes => {:author_with_address => :author_address}).find(post.id) } # find the post, then find the author, then find the address
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal author, post.author_with_address
+      assert_equal author_address, post.author_with_address.author_address
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_finding_with_includes_on_null_belongs_to_association_with_same_include_includes_only_once
+    post = posts(:welcome)
+    post.update!(author: nil)
+    post = assert_queries(1) { Post.all.merge!(includes: {author_with_address: :author_address}).find(post.id) }
+    # find the post, then find the author which is null so no query for the author or address
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal nil, post.author_with_address
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_finding_with_includes_on_null_belongs_to_polymorphic_association
+    sponsor = sponsors(:moustache_club_sponsor_for_groucho)
+    sponsor.update!(sponsorable: nil)
+    sponsor = assert_queries(1) { Sponsor.all.merge!(:includes => :sponsorable).find(sponsor.id) }
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal nil, sponsor.sponsorable
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_finding_with_includes_on_empty_polymorphic_type_column
+    sponsor = sponsors(:moustache_club_sponsor_for_groucho)
+    sponsor.update!(sponsorable_type: '', sponsorable_id: nil) # sponsorable_type column might be declared NOT NULL
+    sponsor = assert_queries(1) do
+      assert_nothing_raised { Sponsor.all.merge!(:includes => :sponsorable).find(sponsor.id) }
+    end
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal nil, sponsor.sponsorable
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_from_an_association
+    posts = authors(:david).posts.merge(:includes => :comments, :order => "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts.first.comments.size
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_from_an_association_that_has_a_hash_of_conditions
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Author.all.merge!(:includes => :hello_posts_with_hash_conditions).to_a
+    end
+    assert !Author.all.merge!(:includes => :hello_posts_with_hash_conditions).find(authors(:david).id).hello_posts.empty?
+  end
+
+  def test_loading_with_no_associations
+    assert_nil Post.all.merge!(:includes => :author).find(posts(:authorless).id).author
+  end
+
+  # Regression test for 21c75e5
+  def test_nested_loading_does_not_raise_exception_when_association_does_not_exist
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Post.all.merge!(:includes => {:author => :author_addresss}).find(posts(:authorless).id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_three_level_nested_preloading_does_not_raise_exception_when_association_does_not_exist
+    post_id = Comment.where(author_id: nil).where.not(post_id: nil).first.post_id
+
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Post.preload(:comments => [{:author => :essays}]).find(post_id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association
+    aa = AuthorAddress.all.merge!(:includes => {:author => :posts}).find(author_addresses(:david_address).id)
+    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_order
+    aa = AuthorAddress.all.merge!(:includes => {:author => :posts}, :order => 'author_addresses.id').find(author_addresses(:david_address).id)
+    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_order_on_association
+    aa = AuthorAddress.all.merge!(:includes => {:author => :posts}, :order => 'authors.id').find(author_addresses(:david_address).id)
+    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_order_on_nested_association
+    aa = AuthorAddress.all.merge!(:includes => {:author => :posts}, :order => 'posts.id').find(author_addresses(:david_address).id)
+    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_conditions
+    aa = AuthorAddress.references(:author_addresses).merge(
+      :includes => {:author => :posts},
+      :where => "author_addresses.id > 0"
+    ).find author_addresses(:david_address).id
+    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_conditions_on_association
+    aa = AuthorAddress.references(:authors).merge(
+      :includes => {:author => :posts},
+      :where => "authors.id > 0"
+    ).find author_addresses(:david_address).id
+    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_loading_through_has_one_association_with_conditions_on_nested_association
+    aa = AuthorAddress.references(:posts).merge(
+      :includes => {:author => :posts},
+      :where => "posts.id > 0"
+    ).find author_addresses(:david_address).id
+    assert_equal aa.author.posts.count, aa.author.posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_foreign_keys
+    pets = Pet.all.merge!(:includes => :owner).to_a
+    assert_equal 4, pets.length
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to
+    comments = Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post).to_a
+    assert_equal 11, comments.length
+    titles = comments.map { |c| c.post.title }
+    assert titles.include?(posts(:welcome).title)
+    assert titles.include?(posts(:sti_post_and_comments).title)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit
+    comments = Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post, :limit => 5, :order => 'comments.id').to_a
+    assert_equal 5, comments.length
+    assert_equal [1,2,3,5,6], comments.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_conditions
+    comments = Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post, :where => 'post_id = 4', :limit => 3, :order => 'comments.id').to_a
+    assert_equal 3, comments.length
+    assert_equal [5,6,7], comments.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_offset
+    comments = Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post, :limit => 3, :offset => 2, :order => 'comments.id').to_a
+    assert_equal 3, comments.length
+    assert_equal [3,5,6], comments.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_offset_and_conditions
+    comments = Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post, :where => 'post_id = 4', :limit => 3, :offset => 1, :order => 'comments.id').to_a
+    assert_equal 3, comments.length
+    assert_equal [6,7,8], comments.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_offset_and_conditions_array
+    comments = Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post, :where => ['post_id = ?',4], :limit => 3, :offset => 1, :order => 'comments.id').to_a
+    assert_equal 3, comments.length
+    assert_equal [6,7,8], comments.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_conditions_string_with_unquoted_table_name
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Comment.includes(:post).references(:posts).where('posts.id = ?', 4)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_conditions_hash
+    comments = []
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      comments = Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post, :where => {:posts => {:id => 4}}, :limit => 3, :order => 'comments.id').to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal 3, comments.length
+    assert_equal [5,6,7], comments.collect(&:id)
+    assert_no_queries do
+      comments.first.post
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_conditions_string_with_quoted_table_name
+    quoted_posts_id= Comment.connection.quote_table_name('posts') + '.' + Comment.connection.quote_column_name('id')
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Comment.includes(:post).references(:posts).where("#{quoted_posts_id} = ?", 4)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_order_string_with_unquoted_table_name
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Comment.all.merge!(:includes => :post, :order => 'posts.id').to_a
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_order_string_with_quoted_table_name
+    quoted_posts_id= Comment.connection.quote_table_name('posts') + '.' + Comment.connection.quote_column_name('id')
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Comment.includes(:post).references(:posts).order(quoted_posts_id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_multiple_associations
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [:author, :very_special_comment], :limit => 1, :order => 'posts.id').to_a
+    assert_equal 1, posts.length
+    assert_equal [1], posts.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_and_limit_and_offset_and_multiple_associations
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [:author, :very_special_comment], :limit => 1, :offset => 1, :order => 'posts.id').to_a
+    assert_equal 1, posts.length
+    assert_equal [2], posts.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_belongs_to_inferred_foreign_key_from_association_name
+    author_favorite = AuthorFavorite.all.merge!(:includes => :favorite_author).first
+    assert_equal authors(:mary), assert_no_queries { author_favorite.favorite_author }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_belongs_to_quotes_table_and_column_names
+    job = Job.includes(:ideal_reference).find jobs(:unicyclist).id
+    references(:michael_unicyclist)
+    assert_no_queries{ assert_equal references(:michael_unicyclist), job.ideal_reference}
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_has_one_quotes_table_and_column_names
+    michael = Person.all.merge!(:includes => :favourite_reference).find(people(:michael).id)
+    references(:michael_unicyclist)
+    assert_no_queries{ assert_equal references(:michael_unicyclist), michael.favourite_reference}
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_has_many_quotes_table_and_column_names
+    michael = Person.all.merge!(:includes => :references).find(people(:michael).id)
+    references(:michael_magician,:michael_unicyclist)
+    assert_no_queries{ assert_equal references(:michael_magician,:michael_unicyclist), michael.references.sort_by(&:id) }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_has_many_through_quotes_table_and_column_names
+    michael = Person.all.merge!(:includes => :jobs).find(people(:michael).id)
+    jobs(:magician, :unicyclist)
+    assert_no_queries{ assert_equal jobs(:unicyclist, :magician), michael.jobs.sort_by(&:id) }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_has_many_with_string_keys
+    subscriptions = subscriptions(:webster_awdr, :webster_rfr)
+    subscriber =Subscriber.all.merge!(:includes => :subscriptions).find(subscribers(:second).id)
+    assert_equal subscriptions, subscriber.subscriptions.sort_by(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_string_id_column_joins
+    s = Subscriber.create! do |c|
+      c.id = "PL"
+    end
+
+    b = Book.create!
+
+    Subscription.create!(:subscriber_id => "PL", :book_id => b.id)
+    s.reload
+    s.book_ids = s.book_ids
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_has_many_through_with_string_keys
+    books = books(:awdr, :rfr)
+    subscriber = Subscriber.all.merge!(:includes => :books).find(subscribers(:second).id)
+    assert_equal books, subscriber.books.sort_by(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_belongs_to_with_string_keys
+    subscriber = subscribers(:second)
+    subscription = Subscription.all.merge!(:includes => :subscriber).find(subscriptions(:webster_awdr).id)
+    assert_equal subscriber, subscription.subscriber
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_explicit_join
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :comments, :joins => "INNER JOIN authors ON posts.author_id = authors.id AND authors.name = 'Mary'", :limit => 1, :order => 'author_id').to_a
+    assert_equal 1, posts.length
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through
+    posts_with_comments = people(:michael).posts.merge(:includes => :comments, :order => 'posts.id').to_a
+    posts_with_author = people(:michael).posts.merge(:includes => :author, :order => 'posts.id').to_a
+    posts_with_comments_and_author = people(:michael).posts.merge(:includes => [ :comments, :author ], :order => 'posts.id').to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts_with_comments.inject(0) { |sum, post| sum + post.comments.size }
+    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts_with_author.first.author }
+    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts_with_comments_and_author.first.author }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_a_belongs_to_association
+    author = authors(:mary)
+    Post.create!(:author => author, :title => "TITLE", :body => "BODY")
+    author.author_favorites.create(:favorite_author_id => 1)
+    author.author_favorites.create(:favorite_author_id => 2)
+    posts_with_author_favorites = author.posts.merge(:includes => :author_favorites).to_a
+    assert_no_queries { posts_with_author_favorites.first.author_favorites.first.author_id }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_an_sti_join_model
+    author = Author.all.merge!(:includes => :special_post_comments, :order => 'authors.id').first
+    assert_equal [comments(:does_it_hurt)], assert_no_queries { author.special_post_comments }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_an_sti_join_model_with_conditions_on_both
+    author = Author.all.merge!(:includes => :special_nonexistent_post_comments, :order => 'authors.id').first
+    assert_equal [], author.special_nonexistent_post_comments
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_with_conditions
+    assert_equal Author.all.merge!(:includes => :hello_post_comments,
+                             :order => 'authors.id').first.hello_post_comments.sort_by(&:id),
+                 Author.all.merge!(:order => 'authors.id').first.hello_post_comments.sort_by(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_with_conditions_on_top_level
+    assert_equal comments(:more_greetings), Author.all.merge!(:includes => :comments_with_order_and_conditions).find(authors(:david).id).comments_with_order_and_conditions.first
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_with_include
+    author_comments = Author.all.merge!(:includes => :comments_with_include).find(authors(:david).id).comments_with_include.to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      author_comments.first.post.title
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_with_conditions_join_model_with_include
+    post_tags = Post.find(posts(:welcome).id).misc_tags
+    eager_post_tags = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :misc_tags).find(1).misc_tags
+    assert_equal post_tags, eager_post_tags
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_ignores_default_includes
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      authors(:david).comments_on_posts_with_default_include.to_a
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:order => 'posts.id asc', :includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2).to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts.size
+    assert_equal 3, posts.inject(0) { |sum, post| sum + post.comments.size }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_conditions
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2, :where => "posts.body = 'hello'", :order => "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts.size
+    assert_equal [4,5], posts.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_conditions_array
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2, :where => [ "posts.body = ?", 'hello' ], :order => "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts.size
+    assert_equal [4,5], posts.collect(&:id)
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_conditions_array_on_the_eagers
+    posts = Post.includes(:author, :comments).limit(2).references(:author).where("authors.name = ?", 'David')
+    assert_equal 2, posts.size
+
+    count = Post.includes(:author, :comments).limit(2).references(:author).where("authors.name = ?", 'David').count
+    assert_equal posts.size, count
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_high_offset
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2, :offset => 10, :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' }).to_a
+    assert_equal 0, posts.size
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_high_offset_and_multiple_array_conditions
+    assert_queries(1) do
+      posts = Post.references(:authors, :comments).
+        merge(:includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2, :offset => 10,
+          :where => [ "authors.name = ? and comments.body = ?", 'David', 'go crazy' ]).to_a
+      assert_equal 0, posts.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_high_offset_and_multiple_hash_conditions
+    assert_queries(1) do
+      posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2, :offset => 10,
+        :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David', 'comments.body' => 'go crazy' }).to_a
+      assert_equal 0, posts.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_count_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_high_offset
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2, :offset => 10, :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' }).count(:all)
+    assert_equal 0, posts
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_with_no_results
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :author, :comments ], :limit => 2, :where => "posts.title = 'magic forest'").to_a
+    assert_equal 0, posts.size
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_count_performed_on_a_has_many_association_with_multi_table_conditional
+    author = authors(:david)
+    author_posts_without_comments = author.posts.select { |post| post.comments.blank? }
+    assert_equal author_posts_without_comments.size, author.posts.includes(:comments).where('comments.id is null').references(:comments).count
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_count_performed_on_a_has_many_through_association_with_multi_table_conditional
+    person = people(:michael)
+    person_posts_without_comments = person.posts.select { |post| post.comments.blank? }
+    assert_equal person_posts_without_comments.size, person.posts_with_no_comments.count
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_and_belongs_to_many_and_limit
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :categories, :order => "posts.id", :limit => 3).to_a
+    assert_equal 3, posts.size
+    assert_equal 2, posts[0].categories.size
+    assert_equal 1, posts[1].categories.size
+    assert_equal 0, posts[2].categories.size
+    assert posts[0].categories.include?(categories(:technology))
+    assert posts[1].categories.include?(categories(:general))
+  end
+
+  # Since the preloader for habtm gets raw row hashes from the database and then
+  # instantiates them, this test ensures that it only instantiates one actual
+  # object per record from the database.
+  def test_has_and_belongs_to_many_should_not_instantiate_same_records_multiple_times
+    welcome    = posts(:welcome)
+    categories = Category.includes(:posts)
+
+    general    = categories.find { |c| c == categories(:general) }
+    technology = categories.find { |c| c == categories(:technology) }
+
+    post1 = general.posts.to_a.find { |p| p == welcome }
+    post2 = technology.posts.to_a.find { |p| p == welcome }
+
+    assert_equal post1.object_id, post2.object_id
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_conditions_on_the_eagers
+    posts =
+      authors(:david).posts
+        .includes(:comments)
+        .where("comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE}= 'SpecialComment'")
+        .references(:comments)
+        .limit(2)
+        .to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts.size
+
+    count =
+      Post.includes(:comments, :author)
+        .where("authors.name = 'David' AND (comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE}= 'SpecialComment')")
+        .references(:authors, :comments)
+        .limit(2)
+        .count
+    assert_equal count, posts.size
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_many_and_limit_and_scoped_conditions_on_the_eagers
+    posts = nil
+    Post.includes(:comments)
+      .where("comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE}= 'SpecialComment'")
+      .references(:comments)
+      .scoping do
+
+      posts = authors(:david).posts.limit(2).to_a
+      assert_equal 2, posts.size
+    end
+
+    Post.includes(:comments, :author)
+      .where("authors.name = 'David' AND (comments.body like 'Normal%' OR comments.#{QUOTED_TYPE}= 'SpecialComment')")
+      .references(:authors, :comments)
+      .scoping do
+
+      count = Post.limit(2).count
+      assert_equal count, posts.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_loading_with_habtm
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :categories, :order => "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_equal 2, posts[0].categories.size
+    assert_equal 1, posts[1].categories.size
+    assert_equal 0, posts[2].categories.size
+    assert posts[0].categories.include?(categories(:technology))
+    assert posts[1].categories.include?(categories(:general))
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_inheritance
+    SpecialPost.all.merge!(:includes => [ :comments ]).to_a
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_has_one_with_association_inheritance
+    post = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :very_special_comment ]).find(4)
+    assert_equal "VerySpecialComment", post.very_special_comment.class.to_s
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_has_many_with_association_inheritance
+    post = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :special_comments ]).find(4)
+    post.special_comments.each do |special_comment|
+      assert special_comment.is_a?(SpecialComment)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_habtm_with_association_inheritance
+    post = Post.all.merge!(:includes => [ :special_categories ]).find(6)
+    assert_equal 1, post.special_categories.size
+    post.special_categories.each do |special_category|
+      assert_equal "SpecialCategory", special_category.class.to_s
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_has_one_dependent_does_not_destroy_dependent
+    assert_not_nil companies(:first_firm).account
+    f = Firm.all.merge!(:includes => :account,
+            :where => ["companies.name = ?", "37signals"]).first
+    assert_not_nil f.account
+    assert_equal companies(:first_firm, :reload).account, f.account
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_multi_table_conditional_properly_counts_the_records_when_using_size
+    author = authors(:david)
+    posts_with_no_comments = author.posts.select { |post| post.comments.blank? }
+    assert_equal posts_with_no_comments.size, author.posts_with_no_comments.size
+    assert_equal posts_with_no_comments, author.posts_with_no_comments
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_invalid_association_reference
+    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError, "Association was not found; perhaps you misspelled it?  You specified :include => :monkeys") {
+      Post.all.merge!(:includes=> :monkeys ).find(6)
+    }
+    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError, "Association was not found; perhaps you misspelled it?  You specified :include => :monkeys") {
+      Post.all.merge!(:includes=>[ :monkeys ]).find(6)
+    }
+    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError, "Association was not found; perhaps you misspelled it?  You specified :include => :monkeys") {
+      Post.all.merge!(:includes=>[ 'monkeys' ]).find(6)
+    }
+    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError, "Association was not found; perhaps you misspelled it?  You specified :include => :monkeys, :elephants") {
+      Post.all.merge!(:includes=>[ :monkeys, :elephants ]).find(6)
+    }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_has_many_through_with_order
+    tag = OrderedTag.create(name: 'Foo')
+    post1 = Post.create!(title: 'Beaches', body: "I like beaches!")
+    post2 = Post.create!(title: 'Pools', body: "I like pools!")
+
+    Tagging.create!(taggable_type: 'Post', taggable_id: post1.id, tag: tag)
+    Tagging.create!(taggable_type: 'Post', taggable_id: post2.id, tag: tag)
+
+    tag_with_includes = OrderedTag.includes(:tagged_posts).find(tag.id)
+    assert_equal(tag_with_includes.taggings.map(&:taggable).map(&:title), tag_with_includes.tagged_posts.map(&:title))
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_has_many_through_multiple_with_order
+    tag1 = OrderedTag.create!(name: 'Bar')
+    tag2 = OrderedTag.create!(name: 'Foo')
+
+    post1 = Post.create!(title: 'Beaches', body: "I like beaches!")
+    post2 = Post.create!(title: 'Pools', body: "I like pools!")
+
+    Tagging.create!(taggable: post1, tag: tag1)
+    Tagging.create!(taggable: post2, tag: tag1)
+    Tagging.create!(taggable: post2, tag: tag2)
+    Tagging.create!(taggable: post1, tag: tag2)
+
+    tags_with_includes = OrderedTag.where(id: [tag1, tag2].map(&:id)).includes(:tagged_posts).order(:id).to_a
+    tag1_with_includes = tags_with_includes.first
+    tag2_with_includes = tags_with_includes.last
+
+    assert_equal([post2, post1].map(&:title), tag1_with_includes.tagged_posts.map(&:title))
+    assert_equal([post1, post2].map(&:title), tag2_with_includes.tagged_posts.map(&:title))
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_default_scope
+    developer = EagerDeveloperWithDefaultScope.where(:name => 'David').first
+    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_class_method
+    developer = EagerDeveloperWithClassMethodDefaultScope.where(:name => 'David').first
+    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_class_method_using_find_method
+    david = developers(:david)
+    developer = EagerDeveloperWithClassMethodDefaultScope.find(david.id)
+    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_class_method_using_find_by_method
+    developer = EagerDeveloperWithClassMethodDefaultScope.find_by(name: 'David')
+    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_lambda
+    developer = EagerDeveloperWithLambdaDefaultScope.where(:name => 'David').first
+    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_block
+    # warm up the habtm cache
+    EagerDeveloperWithBlockDefaultScope.where(:name => 'David').first.projects
+    developer = EagerDeveloperWithBlockDefaultScope.where(:name => 'David').first
+    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_default_scope_as_callable
+    developer = EagerDeveloperWithCallableDefaultScope.where(:name => 'David').first
+    projects = Project.order(:id).to_a
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal(projects, developer.projects)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def find_all_ordered(className, include=nil)
+    className.all.merge!(:order=>"#{className.table_name}.#{className.primary_key}", :includes=>include).to_a
+  end
+
+  def test_limited_eager_with_order
+    unless current_adapter?(:IBM_DBAdapter)
+		assert_equal(
+		  posts(:thinking, :sti_comments),
+		  Post.all.merge!(
+			:includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
+			:order => 'UPPER(posts.title)', :limit => 2, :offset => 1
+		  ).to_a
+		)
+		assert_equal(
+		  posts(:sti_post_and_comments, :sti_comments),
+		  Post.all.merge!(
+			:includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
+			:order => 'UPPER(posts.title) DESC', :limit => 2, :offset => 1
+		  ).to_a
+		)
+    else
+		assert_equal(
+		  posts(:thinking, :sti_comments),
+		  Post.all.merge!(
+			:includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
+			:order => 'posts.id', :limit => 2, :offset => 1
+		  ).to_a
+		)
+		assert_equal(
+		  posts(:sti_post_and_comments, :sti_comments),
+		  Post.all.merge!(
+			:includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
+			:order => 'posts.id DESC', :limit => 2, :offset => 1
+		  ).to_a
+		)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_limited_eager_with_multiple_order_columns
+    unless current_adapter?(:IBM_DBAdapter)
+      assert_equal(
+        posts(:thinking, :sti_comments),
+          Post.all.merge!(
+            :includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
+            :order => ['UPPER(posts.title)', 'posts.id'], :limit => 2, :offset => 1
+          ).to_a
+      )
+      assert_equal(
+        posts(:sti_post_and_comments, :sti_comments),
+        Post.all.merge!(
+          :includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
+          :order => ['UPPER(posts.title) DESC', 'posts.id'], :limit => 2, :offset => 1
+        ).to_a
+      )
+    else
+      assert_equal(
+        posts(:thinking, :sti_comments),
+          Post.all.merge!(
+            :includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
+            :order => ['posts.id'], :limit => 2, :offset => 1
+          ).to_a
+      )
+      assert_equal(
+        posts(:sti_post_and_comments, :sti_comments),
+        Post.all.merge!(
+          :includes => [:author, :comments], :where => { 'authors.name' => 'David' },
+          :order => ['posts.id DESC'], :limit => 2, :offset => 1
+        ).to_a
+      )
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_limited_eager_with_numeric_in_association
+    assert_equal(
+      people(:david, :susan),
+      Person.references(:number1_fans_people).merge(
+        :includes => [:readers, :primary_contact, :number1_fan],
+        :where => "number1_fans_people.first_name like 'M%'",
+        :order => 'people.id', :limit => 2, :offset => 0
+      ).to_a
+    )
+  end
+
+  def test_polymorphic_type_condition
+    post = Post.all.merge!(:includes => :taggings).find(posts(:thinking).id)
+    assert post.taggings.include?(taggings(:thinking_general))
+    post = SpecialPost.all.merge!(:includes => :taggings).find(posts(:thinking).id)
+    assert post.taggings.include?(taggings(:thinking_general))
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_multiple_associations_with_same_table_has_many_and_habtm
+    # Eager includes of has many and habtm associations aren't necessarily sorted in the same way
+    def assert_equal_after_sort(item1, item2, item3 = nil)
+      assert_equal(item1.sort{|a,b| a.id <=> b.id}, item2.sort{|a,b| a.id <=> b.id})
+      assert_equal(item3.sort{|a,b| a.id <=> b.id}, item2.sort{|a,b| a.id <=> b.id}) if item3
+    end
+    # Test regular association, association with conditions, association with
+    # STI, and association with conditions assured not to be true
+    post_types = [:posts, :other_posts, :special_posts]
+    # test both has_many and has_and_belongs_to_many
+    [Author, Category].each do |className|
+      d1 = find_all_ordered(className)
+      # test including all post types at once
+      d2 = find_all_ordered(className, post_types)
+      d1.each_index do |i|
+        assert_equal(d1[i], d2[i])
+        assert_equal_after_sort(d1[i].posts, d2[i].posts)
+        post_types[1..-1].each do |post_type|
+          # test including post_types together
+          d3 = find_all_ordered(className, [:posts, post_type])
+          assert_equal(d1[i], d3[i])
+          assert_equal_after_sort(d1[i].posts, d3[i].posts)
+          assert_equal_after_sort(d1[i].send(post_type), d2[i].send(post_type), d3[i].send(post_type))
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_multiple_associations_with_same_table_has_one
+    d1 = find_all_ordered(Firm)
+    d2 = find_all_ordered(Firm, :account)
+    d1.each_index do |i|
+      assert_equal(d1[i], d2[i])
+      assert_equal(d1[i].account, d2[i].account)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_multiple_associations_with_same_table_belongs_to
+    firm_types = [:firm, :firm_with_basic_id, :firm_with_other_name, :firm_with_condition]
+    d1 = find_all_ordered(Client)
+    d2 = find_all_ordered(Client, firm_types)
+    d1.each_index do |i|
+      assert_equal(d1[i], d2[i])
+      firm_types.each { |type| assert_equal(d1[i].send(type), d2[i].send(type)) }
+    end
+  end
+  def test_eager_with_valid_association_as_string_not_symbol
+    assert_nothing_raised { Post.all.merge!(:includes => 'comments').to_a }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_with_floating_point_numbers
+    assert_queries(2) do
+      # Before changes, the floating point numbers will be interpreted as table names and will cause this to run in one query
+      Comment.all.merge!(:where => "123.456 = 123.456", :includes => :post).to_a
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_belongs_to
+    author = posts(:welcome).author_with_posts
+    assert_no_queries {assert_equal 5, author.posts.size}
+  end
+
+  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_has_one
+    comment = posts(:sti_comments).very_special_comment_with_post
+    assert_no_queries {assert_equal posts(:sti_comments), comment.post}
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_association_with_scope_with_joins
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Post.includes(:very_special_comment_with_post_with_joins).to_a
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_has_many
+    posts = authors(:david).posts_with_comments
+    one = posts.detect { |p| p.id == 1 }
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal 5, posts.size
+      assert_equal 2, one.comments.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_habtm
+    posts = authors(:david).posts_with_categories
+    one = posts.detect { |p| p.id == 1 }
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal 5, posts.size
+      assert_equal 2, one.categories.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preconfigured_includes_with_has_many_and_habtm
+    posts = authors(:david).posts_with_comments_and_categories
+    one = posts.detect { |p| p.id == 1 }
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal 5, posts.size
+      assert_equal 2, one.comments.size
+      assert_equal 2, one.categories.size
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_count_with_include
+    assert_equal 3, authors(:david).posts_with_comments.where("length(comments.body) > 15").references(:comments).count
+  end
+
+  def test_association_loading_notification
+    notifications = messages_for('instantiation.active_record') do
+      Developer.all.merge!(:includes => 'projects', :where => { 'developers_projects.access_level' => 1 }, :limit => 5).to_a.size
+    end
+
+    message = notifications.first
+    payload = message.last
+    count = Developer.all.merge!(:includes => 'projects', :where => { 'developers_projects.access_level' => 1 }, :limit => 5).to_a.size
+
+    # eagerloaded row count should be greater than just developer count
+    assert_operator payload[:record_count], :>, count
+    assert_equal Developer.name, payload[:class_name]
+  end
+
+  def test_base_messages
+    notifications = messages_for('instantiation.active_record') do
+      Developer.all.to_a
+    end
+    message = notifications.first
+    payload = message.last
+
+    assert_equal Developer.all.to_a.count, payload[:record_count]
+    assert_equal Developer.name, payload[:class_name]
+  end
+
+  def messages_for(name)
+    notifications = []
+    ActiveSupport::Notifications.subscribe(name) do |*args|
+      notifications << args
+    end
+    yield
+    notifications
+  ensure
+    ActiveSupport::Notifications.unsubscribe(name)
+  end
+
+  def test_load_with_sti_sharing_association
+    assert_queries(2) do #should not do 1 query per subclass
+      Comment.includes(:post).to_a
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_conditions_on_join_table_with_include_and_limit
+    assert_equal 3, Developer.all.merge!(:includes => 'projects', :where => { 'developers_projects.access_level' => 1 }, :limit => 5).to_a.size
+  end
+
+  def test_dont_create_temporary_active_record_instances
+    Developer.instance_count = 0
+    developers = Developer.all.merge!(:includes => 'projects', :where => { 'developers_projects.access_level' => 1 }, :limit => 5).to_a
+    assert_equal developers.count, Developer.instance_count
+  end
+
+  def test_order_on_join_table_with_include_and_limit
+    assert_equal 5, Developer.all.merge!(:includes => 'projects', :order => 'developers_projects.joined_on DESC', :limit => 5).to_a.size
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_loading_with_order_on_joined_table_preloads
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(:joins => :comments, :includes => :author, :order => 'comments.id DESC').to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal posts(:eager_other), posts[1]
+    assert_equal authors(:mary), assert_no_queries { posts[1].author}
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_loading_with_conditions_on_joined_table_preloads
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(:select => 'distinct posts.*', :includes => :author, :joins => [:comments], :where => "comments.body like 'Thank you%'", :order => 'posts.id').to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal [posts(:welcome)], posts
+    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts[0].author}
+
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(:select => 'distinct posts.*', :includes => :author, :joins => [:comments], :where => "comments.body like 'Thank you%'", :order => 'posts.id').to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal [posts(:welcome)], posts
+    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts[0].author}
+
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(:includes => :author, :joins => {:taggings => :tag}, :where => "tags.name = 'General'", :order => 'posts.id').to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal posts(:welcome, :thinking), posts
+
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(:includes => :author, :joins => {:taggings => {:tag => :taggings}}, :where => "taggings_tags.super_tag_id=2", :order => 'posts.id').to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal posts(:welcome, :thinking), posts
+  end
+
+  def test_preload_has_many_with_association_condition_and_default_scope
+    post = Post.create!(:title => 'Beaches', :body => "I like beaches!")
+    Reader.create! :person => people(:david), :post => post
+    LazyReader.create! :person => people(:susan), :post => post
+
+    assert_equal 1, post.lazy_readers.to_a.size
+    assert_equal 2, post.lazy_readers_skimmers_or_not.to_a.size
+
+    post_with_readers = Post.includes(:lazy_readers_skimmers_or_not).find(post.id)
+    assert_equal 2, post_with_readers.lazy_readers_skimmers_or_not.to_a.size
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_loading_with_conditions_on_string_joined_table_preloads
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(:select => 'distinct posts.*', :includes => :author, :joins => "INNER JOIN comments on comments.post_id = posts.id", :where => "comments.body like 'Thank you%'", :order => 'posts.id').to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal [posts(:welcome)], posts
+    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts[0].author}
+
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(:select => 'distinct posts.*', :includes => :author, :joins => ["INNER JOIN comments on comments.post_id = posts.id"], :where => "comments.body like 'Thank you%'", :order => 'posts.id').to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal [posts(:welcome)], posts
+    assert_equal authors(:david), assert_no_queries { posts[0].author}
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_loading_with_select_on_joined_table_preloads
+    posts = assert_queries(2) do
+      Post.all.merge!(:select => 'posts.*, authors.name as author_name', :includes => :comments, :joins => :author, :order => 'posts.id').to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal 'David', posts[0].author_name
+    assert_equal posts(:welcome).comments, assert_no_queries { posts[0].comments}
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_loading_with_conditions_on_join_model_preloads
+    authors = assert_queries(2) do
+      Author.all.merge!(:includes => :author_address, :joins => :comments, :where => "posts.title like 'Welcome%'").to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal authors(:david), authors[0]
+    assert_equal author_addresses(:david_address), authors[0].author_address
+  end
+
+  def test_preload_belongs_to_uses_exclusive_scope
+    people = Person.males.merge(:includes => :primary_contact).to_a
+    assert_not_equal people.length, 0
+    people.each do |person|
+      assert_no_queries {assert_not_nil person.primary_contact}
+      assert_equal Person.find(person.id).primary_contact, person.primary_contact
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preload_has_many_uses_exclusive_scope
+    people = Person.males.includes(:agents).to_a
+    people.each do |person|
+      assert_equal Person.find(person.id).agents, person.agents
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preload_has_many_using_primary_key
+    expected = Firm.first.clients_using_primary_key.to_a
+    firm = Firm.includes(:clients_using_primary_key).first
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal expected, firm.clients_using_primary_key
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_include_has_many_using_primary_key
+    expected = Firm.find(1).clients_using_primary_key.sort_by(&:name)
+    # Oracle adapter truncates alias to 30 characters
+    if current_adapter?(:OracleAdapter)
+      firm = Firm.all.merge!(:includes => :clients_using_primary_key, :order => 'clients_using_primary_keys_companies'[0,30]+'.name').find(1)
+	elsif current_adapter?(:IBM_DBAdapter)
+      #firm = Firm.all.merge!(:includes => :clients_using_primary_key).find(1)
+	  firm = Firm.all.merge!(:includes => :clients_using_primary_key, :order => 'clients_using_primary_keys_companies.name').find(1)
+    else
+      firm = Firm.all.merge!(:includes => :clients_using_primary_key, :order => 'clients_using_primary_keys_companies.name').find(1)
+    end
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal expected, firm.clients_using_primary_key
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preload_has_one_using_primary_key
+    expected = accounts(:signals37)
+    firm = Firm.all.merge!(:includes => :account_using_primary_key, :order => 'companies.id').first
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal expected, firm.account_using_primary_key
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_include_has_one_using_primary_key
+    expected = accounts(:signals37)
+    firm = Firm.all.merge!(:includes => :account_using_primary_key, :order => 'accounts.id').to_a.detect {|f| f.id == 1}
+    assert_no_queries do
+      assert_equal expected, firm.account_using_primary_key
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_empty_belongs_to
+    c = Client.create!(:name => 'Foo', :client_of => Company.maximum(:id) + 1)
+
+    client = assert_queries(2) { Client.preload(:firm).find(c.id) }
+    assert_no_queries { assert_nil client.firm }
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_empty_belongs_to_polymorphic
+    t = Tagging.create!(:taggable_type => 'Post', :taggable_id => Post.maximum(:id) + 1, :tag => tags(:general))
+
+    tagging = assert_queries(2) { Tagging.preload(:taggable).find(t.id) }
+    assert_no_queries { assert_nil tagging.taggable }
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_through_empty_belongs_to
+    c = Client.create!(:name => 'Foo', :client_of => Company.maximum(:id) + 1)
+
+    client = assert_queries(2) { Client.preload(:accounts).find(c.id) }
+    assert_no_queries { assert client.accounts.empty? }
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_has_many_through_with_distinct
+    mary = Author.includes(:unique_categorized_posts).where(:id => authors(:mary).id).first
+    assert_equal 1, mary.unique_categorized_posts.length
+    assert_equal 1, mary.unique_categorized_post_ids.length
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_has_one_using_reorder
+    klass = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base) do
+      def self.name; "TempAuthor"; end
+      self.table_name = "authors"
+      has_one :post, class_name: "PostWithDefaultScope", foreign_key: :author_id
+      has_one :reorderd_post, -> { reorder(title: :desc) }, class_name: "PostWithDefaultScope", foreign_key: :author_id
+    end
+
+    author = klass.first
+    # PRECONDITION: make sure ordering results in different results
+    assert_not_equal author.post, author.reorderd_post
+
+    preloaded_reorderd_post = klass.preload(:reorderd_post).first.reorderd_post
+
+    assert_equal author.reorderd_post, preloaded_reorderd_post
+    assert_equal Post.order(title: :desc).first.title, preloaded_reorderd_post.title
+  end
+
+  def test_preloading_polymorphic_with_custom_foreign_type
+    sponsor = sponsors(:moustache_club_sponsor_for_groucho)
+    groucho = members(:groucho)
+
+    sponsor = assert_queries(2) {
+      Sponsor.includes(:thing).where(:id => sponsor.id).first
+    }
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal groucho, sponsor.thing }
+  end
+
+  def test_joins_with_includes_should_preload_via_joins
+    post = assert_queries(1) { Post.includes(:comments).joins(:comments).order('posts.id desc').to_a.first }
+
+    assert_queries(0) do
+      assert_not_equal 0, post.comments.to_a.count
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_join_eager_with_empty_order_should_generate_valid_sql
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Post.includes(:comments).order("").where(:comments => {:body => "Thank you for the welcome"}).first
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_deep_including_through_habtm
+    # warm up habtm cache
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => {:categories => :categorizations}, :order => "posts.id").to_a
+    posts[0].categories[0].categorizations.length
+
+    posts = Post.all.merge!(:includes => {:categories => :categorizations}, :order => "posts.id").to_a
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 2, posts[0].categories[0].categorizations.length }
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 1, posts[0].categories[1].categorizations.length }
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 2, posts[1].categories[0].categorizations.length }
+  end
+
+  def test_eager_load_multiple_associations_with_references
+    mentor = Mentor.create!(name: "Barış Can DAYLIK")
+    developer = Developer.create!(name: "Mehmet Emin İNAÇ", mentor: mentor)
+    Contract.create!(developer: developer)
+    project = Project.create!(name: "VNGRS", mentor: mentor)
+    project.developers << developer
+    projects = Project.references(:mentors).includes(mentor: { developers: :contracts }, developers: :contracts)
+    assert_equal projects.last.mentor.developers.first.contracts, projects.last.developers.last.contracts
+  end
+
+  test "scoping with a circular preload" do
+    assert_equal Comment.find(1), Comment.preload(:post => :comments).scoping { Comment.find(1) }
+  end
+
+  test "circular preload does not modify unscoped" do
+    expected = FirstPost.unscoped.find(2)
+    FirstPost.preload(:comments => :first_post).find(1)
+    assert_equal expected, FirstPost.unscoped.find(2)
+  end
+
+  test "preload ignores the scoping" do
+    assert_equal(
+      Comment.find(1).post,
+      Post.where('1 = 0').scoping { Comment.preload(:post).find(1).post }
+    )
+  end
+
+  test "deep preload" do
+    post = Post.preload(author: :posts, comments: :post).first
+
+    assert_predicate post.author.association(:posts), :loaded?
+    assert_predicate post.comments.first.association(:post), :loaded?
+  end
+
+  test "preloading does not cache has many association subset when preloaded with a through association" do
+    author = Author.includes(:comments_with_order_and_conditions, :posts).first
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 2, author.comments_with_order_and_conditions.size }
+    assert_no_queries { assert_equal 5, author.posts.size, "should not cache a subset of the association" }
+  end
+
+  test "preloading a through association twice does not reset it" do
+    members = Member.includes(current_membership: :club).includes(:club).to_a
+    assert_no_queries {
+      assert_equal 3, members.map(&:current_membership).map(&:club).size
+    }
+  end
+
+  test "works in combination with order(:symbol) and reorder(:symbol)" do
+    author = Author.includes(:posts).references(:posts).order(:name).find_by('posts.title IS NOT NULL')
+    assert_equal authors(:bob), author
+
+    author = Author.includes(:posts).references(:posts).reorder(:name).find_by('posts.title IS NOT NULL')
+    assert_equal authors(:bob), author
+  end
+
+  test "preloading with a polymorphic association and using the existential predicate but also using a select" do
+    assert_equal authors(:david), authors(:david).essays.includes(:writer).first.writer
+
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      authors(:david).essays.includes(:writer).select(:name).any?
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "preloading the same association twice works" do
+    Member.create!
+    members = Member.preload(:current_membership).includes(current_membership: :club).all.to_a
+    assert_no_queries {
+      members_with_membership = members.select(&:current_membership)
+      assert_equal 3, members_with_membership.map(&:current_membership).map(&:club).size
+    }
+  end
+
+  test "preloading with a polymorphic association and using the existential predicate" do
+    assert_equal authors(:david), authors(:david).essays.includes(:writer).first.writer
+
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      authors(:david).essays.includes(:writer).any?
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "preloading associations with string joins and order references" do
+    author = assert_queries(2) {
+      Author.includes(:posts).joins("LEFT JOIN posts ON posts.author_id = authors.id").order("posts.title DESC").first
+    }
+    assert_no_queries {
+      assert_equal 5, author.posts.size
+    }
+  end
+
+  test "including associations with where.not adds implicit references" do
+    author = assert_queries(2) {
+      Author.includes(:posts).where.not(posts: { title: 'Welcome to the weblog'} ).last
+    }
+
+    assert_no_queries {
+      assert_equal 2, author.posts.size
+    }
+  end
+
+  test "including association based on sql condition and no database column" do
+    assert_equal pets(:parrot), Owner.including_last_pet.first.last_pet
+  end
+
+  test "preloading and eager loading of instance dependent associations is not supported" do
+    message = "association scope 'posts_with_signature' is"
+    error = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Author.includes(:posts_with_signature).to_a
+    end
+    assert_match message, error.message
+
+    error = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Author.preload(:posts_with_signature).to_a
+    end
+    assert_match message, error.message
+
+    error = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Author.eager_load(:posts_with_signature).to_a
+    end
+    assert_match message, error.message
+  end
+
+  test "preload with invalid argument" do
+    exception = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Author.preload(10).to_a
+    end
+    assert_equal('10 was not recognized for preload', exception.message)
+  end
+
+  test "associations with extensions are not instance dependent" do
+    assert_nothing_raised do
+      Author.includes(:posts_with_extension).to_a
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "including associations with extensions and an instance dependent scope is not supported" do
+    e = assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
+      Author.includes(:posts_with_extension_and_instance).to_a
+    end
+    assert_match(/Preloading instance dependent scopes is not supported/, e.message)
+  end
+
+  test "preloading readonly association" do
+    # has-one
+    firm = Firm.where(id: "1").preload(:readonly_account).first!
+    assert firm.readonly_account.readonly?
+
+    # has_and_belongs_to_many
+    project = Project.where(id: "2").preload(:readonly_developers).first!
+    assert project.readonly_developers.first.readonly?
+
+    # has-many :through
+    david = Author.where(id: "1").preload(:readonly_comments).first!
+    assert david.readonly_comments.first.readonly?
+  end
+
+  test "eager-loading non-readonly association" do
+    # has_one
+    firm = Firm.where(id: "1").eager_load(:account).first!
+    assert_not firm.account.readonly?
+
+    # has_and_belongs_to_many
+    project = Project.where(id: "2").eager_load(:developers).first!
+    assert_not project.developers.first.readonly?
+
+    # has_many :through
+    david = Author.where(id: "1").eager_load(:comments).first!
+    assert_not david.comments.first.readonly?
+
+    # belongs_to
+    post = Post.where(id: "1").eager_load(:author).first!
+    assert_not post.author.readonly?
+  end
+
+  test "eager-loading readonly association" do
+    # has-one
+    firm = Firm.where(id: "1").eager_load(:readonly_account).first!
+    assert firm.readonly_account.readonly?
+
+    # has_and_belongs_to_many
+    project = Project.where(id: "2").eager_load(:readonly_developers).first!
+    assert project.readonly_developers.first.readonly?
+
+    # has-many :through
+    david = Author.where(id: "1").eager_load(:readonly_comments).first!
+    assert david.readonly_comments.first.readonly?
+
+    # belongs_to
+    post = Post.where(id: "1").eager_load(:readonly_author).first!
+    assert post.readonly_author.readonly?
+  end
+
+  test "preloading a polymorphic association with references to the associated table" do
+    post = Post.includes(:tags).references(:tags).where('tags.name = ?', 'General').first
+    assert_equal posts(:welcome), post
+  end
+
+  test "eager-loading a polymorphic association with references to the associated table" do
+    post = Post.eager_load(:tags).where('tags.name = ?', 'General').first
+    assert_equal posts(:welcome), post
+  end
+
+  # CollectionProxy#reader is expensive, so the preloader avoids calling it.
+  test "preloading has_many_through association avoids calling association.reader" do
+    ActiveRecord::Associations::HasManyAssociation.any_instance.expects(:reader).never
+    Author.preload(:readonly_comments).first!
+  end
+end