ibm_db 3.0.0-x86-mingw32 → 3.0.1-x86-mingw32

data/test/cases/multiple_db_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+require "cases/helper"
+require 'models/entrant'
+require 'models/bird'
+require 'models/course'
+
+class MultipleDbTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  self.use_transactional_fixtures = false
+
+  def setup
+    @courses  = create_fixtures("courses") { Course.retrieve_connection }
+    @colleges = create_fixtures("colleges") { College.retrieve_connection }
+    @entrants = create_fixtures("entrants")
+  end
+
+  def test_connected
+    assert_not_nil Entrant.connection
+    assert_not_nil Course.connection
+  end
+
+  def test_proper_connection
+    assert_not_equal(Entrant.connection, Course.connection)
+    assert_equal(Entrant.connection, Entrant.retrieve_connection)
+    assert_equal(Course.connection, Course.retrieve_connection)
+    assert_equal(ActiveRecord::Base.connection, Entrant.connection)
+  end
+
+  def test_find
+    c1 = Course.find(1)
+    assert_equal "Ruby Development", c1.name
+    c2 = Course.find(2)
+    assert_equal "Java Development", c2.name
+    e1 = Entrant.find(1)
+    assert_equal "Ruby Developer", e1.name
+    e2 = Entrant.find(2)
+    assert_equal "Ruby Guru", e2.name
+    e3 = Entrant.find(3)
+    assert_equal "Java Lover", e3.name
+  end
+
+  def test_associations
+    c1 = Course.find(1)
+    assert_equal 2, c1.entrants.count
+    e1 = Entrant.find(1)
+    assert_equal e1.course.id, c1.id
+    c2 = Course.find(2)
+    assert_equal 1, c2.entrants.count
+    e3 = Entrant.find(3)
+    assert_equal e3.course.id, c2.id
+  end
+
+  def test_course_connection_should_survive_dependency_reload
+    assert Course.connection
+
+    ActiveSupport::Dependencies.clear
+    Object.send(:remove_const, :Course)
+    require_dependency 'models/course'
+
+    assert Course.connection
+  end
+
+  def test_transactions_across_databases
+    c1 = Course.find(1)
+    e1 = Entrant.find(1)
+
+    begin
+      Course.transaction do
+        Entrant.transaction do
+          c1.name = "Typo"
+          e1.name = "Typo"
+          c1.save
+          e1.save
+          raise "No I messed up."
+        end
+      end
+    rescue
+      # Yup caught it
+    end
+
+    assert_equal "Typo", c1.name
+    assert_equal "Typo", e1.name
+
+    assert_equal "Ruby Development", Course.find(1).name
+    assert_equal "Ruby Developer", Entrant.find(1).name
+  end
+
+  def test_arel_table_engines
+    assert_not_equal Entrant.arel_engine, Bird.arel_engine
+    assert_not_equal Entrant.arel_engine, Course.arel_engine
+  end
+
+  def test_connection
+    assert_equal Entrant.arel_engine.connection, Bird.arel_engine.connection
+    assert_not_equal Entrant.arel_engine.connection, Course.arel_engine.connection
+  end
+
+  def test_count_on_custom_connection
+    ActiveRecord::Base.remove_connection
+    assert_equal 1, College.count
+  ensure
+    ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection :arunit
+  end
+
+  unless in_memory_db?
+    def test_associations_should_work_when_model_has_no_connection
+      begin
+        ActiveRecord::Base.remove_connection
+        assert_nothing_raised ActiveRecord::ConnectionNotEstablished do
+          College.first.courses.first
+        end
+      ensure
+        ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection :arunit
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/test/cases/nested_attributes_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,1057 @@
+require "cases/helper"
+require "models/pirate"
+require "models/ship"
+require "models/ship_part"
+require "models/bird"
+require "models/parrot"
+require "models/treasure"
+require "models/man"
+require "models/interest"
+require "models/owner"
+require "models/pet"
+require 'active_support/hash_with_indifferent_access'
+
+class TestNestedAttributesInGeneral < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  teardown do
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :ship, :allow_destroy => true, :reject_if => proc { |attributes| attributes.empty? }
+  end
+
+  def test_base_should_have_an_empty_nested_attributes_options
+    assert_equal Hash.new, ActiveRecord::Base.nested_attributes_options
+  end
+
+  def test_should_add_a_proc_to_nested_attributes_options
+    assert_equal ActiveRecord::NestedAttributes::ClassMethods::REJECT_ALL_BLANK_PROC,
+                 Pirate.nested_attributes_options[:birds_with_reject_all_blank][:reject_if]
+
+    [:parrots, :birds].each do |name|
+      assert_instance_of Proc, Pirate.nested_attributes_options[name][:reject_if]
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_build_a_new_record_using_reject_all_even_if_destroy_is_given
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(:catchphrase => "Don' botharrr talkin' like one, savvy?")
+    pirate.birds_with_reject_all_blank_attributes = [{:name => '', :color => '', :_destroy => '0'}]
+    pirate.save!
+
+    assert pirate.birds_with_reject_all_blank.empty?
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_build_a_new_record_if_reject_all_blank_returns_false
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(:catchphrase => "Don' botharrr talkin' like one, savvy?")
+    pirate.birds_with_reject_all_blank_attributes = [{:name => '', :color => ''}]
+    pirate.save!
+
+    assert pirate.birds_with_reject_all_blank.empty?
+  end
+
+  def test_should_build_a_new_record_if_reject_all_blank_does_not_return_false
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(:catchphrase => "Don' botharrr talkin' like one, savvy?")
+    pirate.birds_with_reject_all_blank_attributes = [{:name => 'Tweetie', :color => ''}]
+    pirate.save!
+
+    assert_equal 1, pirate.birds_with_reject_all_blank.count
+    assert_equal 'Tweetie', pirate.birds_with_reject_all_blank.first.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_raise_an_ArgumentError_for_non_existing_associations
+    exception = assert_raise ArgumentError do
+      Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :honesty
+    end
+    assert_equal "No association found for name `honesty'. Has it been defined yet?", exception.message
+  end
+
+  def test_should_disable_allow_destroy_by_default
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :ship
+
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: "Don' botharrr talkin' like one, savvy?")
+    ship = pirate.create_ship(name: 'Nights Dirty Lightning')
+
+    pirate.update(ship_attributes: { '_destroy' => true, :id => ship.id })
+
+    assert_nothing_raised(ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound) { pirate.ship.reload }
+  end
+
+  def test_a_model_should_respond_to_underscore_destroy_and_return_if_it_is_marked_for_destruction
+    ship = Ship.create!(:name => 'Nights Dirty Lightning')
+    assert !ship._destroy
+    ship.mark_for_destruction
+    assert ship._destroy
+  end
+
+  def test_reject_if_method_without_arguments
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :ship, :reject_if => :new_record?
+
+    pirate = Pirate.new(:catchphrase => "Stop wastin' me time")
+    pirate.ship_attributes = { :name => 'Black Pearl' }
+    assert_no_difference('Ship.count') { pirate.save! }
+  end
+
+  def test_reject_if_method_with_arguments
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :ship, :reject_if => :reject_empty_ships_on_create
+
+    pirate = Pirate.new(:catchphrase => "Stop wastin' me time")
+    pirate.ship_attributes = { :name => 'Red Pearl', :_reject_me_if_new => true }
+    assert_no_difference('Ship.count') { pirate.save! }
+
+    # pirate.reject_empty_ships_on_create returns false for saved pirate records
+    # in the previous step note that pirate gets saved but ship fails
+    pirate.ship_attributes = { :name => 'Red Pearl', :_reject_me_if_new => true }
+    assert_difference('Ship.count') { pirate.save! }
+  end
+
+  def test_reject_if_with_indifferent_keys
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :ship, :reject_if => proc {|attributes| attributes[:name].blank? }
+
+    pirate = Pirate.new(:catchphrase => "Stop wastin' me time")
+    pirate.ship_attributes = { :name => 'Hello Pearl' }
+    assert_difference('Ship.count') { pirate.save! }
+  end
+
+  def test_reject_if_with_a_proc_which_returns_true_always_for_has_one
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :ship, :reject_if => proc {|attributes| true }
+    pirate = Pirate.new(catchphrase: "Stop wastin' me time")
+    ship = pirate.create_ship(name: 's1')
+    pirate.update({ship_attributes: { name: 's2', id: ship.id } })
+    assert_equal 's1', ship.reload.name
+  end
+
+  def test_reuse_already_built_new_record
+    pirate = Pirate.new
+    ship_built_first = pirate.build_ship
+    pirate.ship_attributes = { name: 'Ship 1' }
+    assert_equal ship_built_first.object_id, pirate.ship.object_id
+  end
+
+  def test_do_not_allow_assigning_foreign_key_when_reusing_existing_new_record
+    pirate = Pirate.create!(catchphrase: "Don' botharrr talkin' like one, savvy?")
+    pirate.build_ship
+    pirate.ship_attributes = { name: 'Ship 1', pirate_id: pirate.id + 1 }
+    assert_equal pirate.id, pirate.ship.pirate_id
+  end
+
+  def test_reject_if_with_a_proc_which_returns_true_always_for_has_many
+    Man.accepts_nested_attributes_for :interests, :reject_if => proc {|attributes| true }
+    man = Man.create(name: "John")
+    interest = man.interests.create(topic: 'photography')
+    man.update({interests_attributes: { topic: 'gardening', id: interest.id } })
+    assert_equal 'photography', interest.reload.topic
+  end
+
+  def test_destroy_works_independent_of_reject_if
+    Man.accepts_nested_attributes_for :interests, :reject_if => proc {|attributes| true }, :allow_destroy => true
+    man = Man.create(name: "Jon")
+    interest = man.interests.create(topic: 'the ladies')
+    man.update({interests_attributes: { _destroy: "1", id: interest.id } })
+    assert man.reload.interests.empty?
+  end
+
+  def test_has_many_association_updating_a_single_record
+    Man.accepts_nested_attributes_for(:interests)
+    man = Man.create(name: 'John')
+    interest = man.interests.create(topic: 'photography')
+    man.update({interests_attributes: {topic: 'gardening', id: interest.id}})
+    assert_equal 'gardening', interest.reload.topic
+  end
+
+  def test_reject_if_with_blank_nested_attributes_id
+    # When using a select list to choose an existing 'ship' id, with include_blank: true
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :ship, :reject_if => proc {|attributes| attributes[:id].blank? }
+
+    pirate = Pirate.new(:catchphrase => "Stop wastin' me time")
+    pirate.ship_attributes = { :id => "" }
+    assert_nothing_raised(ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound) { pirate.save! }
+  end
+
+  def test_first_and_array_index_zero_methods_return_the_same_value_when_nested_attributes_are_set_to_update_existing_record
+    Man.accepts_nested_attributes_for(:interests)
+    man = Man.create(:name => "John")
+    interest = man.interests.create :topic => 'gardening'
+    man = Man.find man.id
+    man.interests_attributes = [{:id => interest.id, :topic => 'gardening'}]
+    assert_equal man.interests.first.topic, man.interests[0].topic
+  end
+
+  def test_allows_class_to_override_setter_and_call_super
+    mean_pirate_class = Class.new(Pirate) do
+      accepts_nested_attributes_for :parrot
+      def parrot_attributes=(attrs)
+        super(attrs.merge(:color => "blue"))
+      end
+    end
+    mean_pirate = mean_pirate_class.new
+    mean_pirate.parrot_attributes = { :name => "James" }
+    assert_equal "James", mean_pirate.parrot.name
+    assert_equal "blue", mean_pirate.parrot.color
+  end
+
+  def test_accepts_nested_attributes_for_can_be_overridden_in_subclasses
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for(:parrot)
+
+    mean_pirate_class = Class.new(Pirate) do
+      accepts_nested_attributes_for :parrot
+    end
+    mean_pirate = mean_pirate_class.new
+    mean_pirate.parrot_attributes = { :name => "James" }
+    assert_equal "James", mean_pirate.parrot.name
+  end
+end
+
+class TestNestedAttributesOnAHasOneAssociation < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  def setup
+    @pirate = Pirate.create!(:catchphrase => "Don' botharrr talkin' like one, savvy?")
+    @ship = @pirate.create_ship(:name => 'Nights Dirty Lightning')
+  end
+
+  def test_should_raise_argument_error_if_trying_to_build_polymorphic_belongs_to
+    exception = assert_raise ArgumentError do
+      Treasure.new(:name => 'pearl', :looter_attributes => {:catchphrase => "Arrr"})
+    end
+    assert_equal "Cannot build association `looter'. Are you trying to build a polymorphic one-to-one association?", exception.message
+  end
+
+  def test_should_define_an_attribute_writer_method_for_the_association
+    assert_respond_to @pirate, :ship_attributes=
+  end
+
+  def test_should_build_a_new_record_if_there_is_no_id
+    @ship.destroy
+    @pirate.reload.ship_attributes = { :name => 'Davy Jones Gold Dagger' }
+
+    assert !@pirate.ship.persisted?
+    assert_equal 'Davy Jones Gold Dagger', @pirate.ship.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_build_a_new_record_if_there_is_no_id_and_destroy_is_truthy
+    @ship.destroy
+    @pirate.reload.ship_attributes = { :name => 'Davy Jones Gold Dagger', :_destroy => '1' }
+
+    assert_nil @pirate.ship
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_build_a_new_record_if_a_reject_if_proc_returns_false
+    @ship.destroy
+    @pirate.reload.ship_attributes = {}
+
+    assert_nil @pirate.ship
+  end
+
+  def test_should_replace_an_existing_record_if_there_is_no_id
+    @pirate.reload.ship_attributes = { :name => 'Davy Jones Gold Dagger' }
+
+    assert !@pirate.ship.persisted?
+    assert_equal 'Davy Jones Gold Dagger', @pirate.ship.name
+    assert_equal 'Nights Dirty Lightning', @ship.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_replace_an_existing_record_if_there_is_no_id_and_destroy_is_truthy
+    @pirate.reload.ship_attributes = { :name => 'Davy Jones Gold Dagger', :_destroy => '1' }
+
+    assert_equal @ship, @pirate.ship
+    assert_equal 'Nights Dirty Lightning', @pirate.ship.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_modify_an_existing_record_if_there_is_a_matching_id
+    @pirate.reload.ship_attributes = { :id => @ship.id, :name => 'Davy Jones Gold Dagger' }
+
+    assert_equal @ship, @pirate.ship
+    assert_equal 'Davy Jones Gold Dagger', @pirate.ship.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_raise_RecordNotFound_if_an_id_is_given_but_doesnt_return_a_record
+    exception = assert_raise ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound do
+      @pirate.ship_attributes = { :id => 1234567890 }
+    end
+    assert_equal "Couldn't find Ship with ID=1234567890 for Pirate with ID=#{@pirate.id}", exception.message
+  end
+
+  def test_should_take_a_hash_with_string_keys_and_update_the_associated_model
+    @pirate.reload.ship_attributes = { 'id' => @ship.id, 'name' => 'Davy Jones Gold Dagger' }
+
+    assert_equal @ship, @pirate.ship
+    assert_equal 'Davy Jones Gold Dagger', @pirate.ship.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_modify_an_existing_record_if_there_is_a_matching_composite_id
+    @ship.stubs(:id).returns('ABC1X')
+    @pirate.ship_attributes = { :id => @ship.id, :name => 'Davy Jones Gold Dagger' }
+
+    assert_equal 'Davy Jones Gold Dagger', @pirate.ship.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_destroy_an_existing_record_if_there_is_a_matching_id_and_destroy_is_truthy
+    @pirate.ship.destroy
+
+    [1, '1', true, 'true'].each do |truth|
+      ship = @pirate.reload.create_ship(name: 'Mister Pablo')
+      @pirate.update(ship_attributes: { id: ship.id, _destroy: truth })
+
+      assert_nil @pirate.reload.ship
+      assert_raise(ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound) { Ship.find(ship.id) }
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_destroy_an_existing_record_if_destroy_is_not_truthy
+    [nil, '0', 0, 'false', false].each do |not_truth|
+      @pirate.update(ship_attributes: { id: @pirate.ship.id, _destroy: not_truth })
+
+      assert_equal @ship, @pirate.reload.ship
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_destroy_an_existing_record_if_allow_destroy_is_false
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :ship, :allow_destroy => false, :reject_if => proc { |attributes| attributes.empty? }
+
+    @pirate.update(ship_attributes: { id: @pirate.ship.id, _destroy: '1' })
+
+    assert_equal @ship, @pirate.reload.ship
+
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :ship, :allow_destroy => true, :reject_if => proc { |attributes| attributes.empty? }
+  end
+
+  def test_should_also_work_with_a_HashWithIndifferentAccess
+    @pirate.ship_attributes = ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(:id => @ship.id, :name => 'Davy Jones Gold Dagger')
+
+    assert @pirate.ship.persisted?
+    assert_equal 'Davy Jones Gold Dagger', @pirate.ship.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_work_with_update_as_well
+    @pirate.update({ catchphrase: 'Arr', ship_attributes: { id: @ship.id, name: 'Mister Pablo' } })
+    @pirate.reload
+
+    assert_equal 'Arr', @pirate.catchphrase
+    assert_equal 'Mister Pablo', @pirate.ship.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_destroy_the_associated_model_until_the_parent_is_saved
+    @pirate.attributes = { :ship_attributes => { :id => @ship.id, :_destroy => '1' } }
+
+    assert !@pirate.ship.destroyed?
+    assert @pirate.ship.marked_for_destruction?
+
+    @pirate.save
+
+    assert @pirate.ship.destroyed?
+    assert_nil @pirate.reload.ship
+  end
+
+  def test_should_automatically_enable_autosave_on_the_association
+    assert Pirate.reflect_on_association(:ship).options[:autosave]
+  end
+
+  def test_should_accept_update_only_option
+    @pirate.update(update_only_ship_attributes: { id: @pirate.ship.id, name: 'Mayflower' })
+  end
+
+  def test_should_create_new_model_when_nothing_is_there_and_update_only_is_true
+    @ship.delete
+
+    @pirate.reload.update(update_only_ship_attributes: { name: 'Mayflower' })
+
+    assert_not_nil @pirate.ship
+  end
+
+  def test_should_update_existing_when_update_only_is_true_and_no_id_is_given
+    @ship.delete
+    @ship = @pirate.create_update_only_ship(name: 'Nights Dirty Lightning')
+
+    @pirate.update(update_only_ship_attributes: { name: 'Mayflower' })
+
+    assert_equal 'Mayflower', @ship.reload.name
+    assert_equal @ship, @pirate.reload.ship
+  end
+
+  def test_should_update_existing_when_update_only_is_true_and_id_is_given
+    @ship.delete
+    @ship = @pirate.create_update_only_ship(name: 'Nights Dirty Lightning')
+
+    @pirate.update(update_only_ship_attributes: { name: 'Mayflower', id: @ship.id })
+
+    assert_equal 'Mayflower', @ship.reload.name
+    assert_equal @ship, @pirate.reload.ship
+  end
+
+  def test_should_destroy_existing_when_update_only_is_true_and_id_is_given_and_is_marked_for_destruction
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :update_only_ship, :update_only => true, :allow_destroy => true
+    @ship.delete
+    @ship = @pirate.create_update_only_ship(name: 'Nights Dirty Lightning')
+
+    @pirate.update(update_only_ship_attributes: { name: 'Mayflower', id: @ship.id, _destroy: true })
+
+    assert_nil @pirate.reload.ship
+    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound) { Ship.find(@ship.id) }
+
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :update_only_ship, :update_only => true, :allow_destroy => false
+  end
+
+end
+
+class TestNestedAttributesOnABelongsToAssociation < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  def setup
+    @ship = Ship.new(:name => 'Nights Dirty Lightning')
+    @pirate = @ship.build_pirate(:catchphrase => 'Aye')
+    @ship.save!
+  end
+
+  def test_should_define_an_attribute_writer_method_for_the_association
+    assert_respond_to @ship, :pirate_attributes=
+  end
+
+  def test_should_build_a_new_record_if_there_is_no_id
+    @pirate.destroy
+    @ship.reload.pirate_attributes = { :catchphrase => 'Arr' }
+
+    assert !@ship.pirate.persisted?
+    assert_equal 'Arr', @ship.pirate.catchphrase
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_build_a_new_record_if_there_is_no_id_and_destroy_is_truthy
+    @pirate.destroy
+    @ship.reload.pirate_attributes = { :catchphrase => 'Arr', :_destroy => '1' }
+
+    assert_nil @ship.pirate
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_build_a_new_record_if_a_reject_if_proc_returns_false
+    @pirate.destroy
+    @ship.reload.pirate_attributes = {}
+
+    assert_nil @ship.pirate
+  end
+
+  def test_should_replace_an_existing_record_if_there_is_no_id
+    @ship.reload.pirate_attributes = { :catchphrase => 'Arr' }
+
+    assert !@ship.pirate.persisted?
+    assert_equal 'Arr', @ship.pirate.catchphrase
+    assert_equal 'Aye', @pirate.catchphrase
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_replace_an_existing_record_if_there_is_no_id_and_destroy_is_truthy
+    @ship.reload.pirate_attributes = { :catchphrase => 'Arr', :_destroy => '1' }
+
+    assert_equal @pirate, @ship.pirate
+    assert_equal 'Aye', @ship.pirate.catchphrase
+  end
+
+  def test_should_modify_an_existing_record_if_there_is_a_matching_id
+    @ship.reload.pirate_attributes = { :id => @pirate.id, :catchphrase => 'Arr' }
+
+    assert_equal @pirate, @ship.pirate
+    assert_equal 'Arr', @ship.pirate.catchphrase
+  end
+
+  def test_should_raise_RecordNotFound_if_an_id_is_given_but_doesnt_return_a_record
+    exception = assert_raise ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound do
+      @ship.pirate_attributes = { :id => 1234567890 }
+    end
+    assert_equal "Couldn't find Pirate with ID=1234567890 for Ship with ID=#{@ship.id}", exception.message
+  end
+
+  def test_should_take_a_hash_with_string_keys_and_update_the_associated_model
+    @ship.reload.pirate_attributes = { 'id' => @pirate.id, 'catchphrase' => 'Arr' }
+
+    assert_equal @pirate, @ship.pirate
+    assert_equal 'Arr', @ship.pirate.catchphrase
+  end
+
+  def test_should_modify_an_existing_record_if_there_is_a_matching_composite_id
+    @pirate.stubs(:id).returns('ABC1X')
+    @ship.pirate_attributes = { :id => @pirate.id, :catchphrase => 'Arr' }
+
+    assert_equal 'Arr', @ship.pirate.catchphrase
+  end
+
+  def test_should_destroy_an_existing_record_if_there_is_a_matching_id_and_destroy_is_truthy
+    @ship.pirate.destroy
+    [1, '1', true, 'true'].each do |truth|
+      pirate = @ship.reload.create_pirate(catchphrase: 'Arr')
+      @ship.update(pirate_attributes: { id: pirate.id, _destroy: truth })
+      assert_raise(ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound) { pirate.reload }
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_should_unset_association_when_an_existing_record_is_destroyed
+    original_pirate_id = @ship.pirate.id
+    @ship.update! pirate_attributes: { id: @ship.pirate.id, _destroy: true }
+
+    assert_empty Pirate.where(id: original_pirate_id)
+    assert_nil @ship.pirate_id
+    assert_nil @ship.pirate
+
+    @ship.reload
+    assert_empty Pirate.where(id: original_pirate_id)
+    assert_nil @ship.pirate_id
+    assert_nil @ship.pirate
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_destroy_an_existing_record_if_destroy_is_not_truthy
+    [nil, '0', 0, 'false', false].each do |not_truth|
+      @ship.update(pirate_attributes: { id: @ship.pirate.id, _destroy: not_truth })
+      assert_nothing_raised(ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound) { @ship.pirate.reload }
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_destroy_an_existing_record_if_allow_destroy_is_false
+    Ship.accepts_nested_attributes_for :pirate, :allow_destroy => false, :reject_if => proc { |attributes| attributes.empty? }
+
+    @ship.update(pirate_attributes: { id: @ship.pirate.id, _destroy: '1' })
+    assert_nothing_raised(ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound) { @ship.pirate.reload }
+  ensure
+    Ship.accepts_nested_attributes_for :pirate, :allow_destroy => true, :reject_if => proc { |attributes| attributes.empty? }
+  end
+
+  def test_should_work_with_update_as_well
+    @ship.update({ name: 'Mister Pablo', pirate_attributes: { catchphrase: 'Arr' } })
+    @ship.reload
+
+    assert_equal 'Mister Pablo', @ship.name
+    assert_equal 'Arr', @ship.pirate.catchphrase
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_destroy_the_associated_model_until_the_parent_is_saved
+    pirate = @ship.pirate
+
+    @ship.attributes = { :pirate_attributes => { :id => pirate.id, '_destroy' => true } }
+    assert_nothing_raised(ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound) { Pirate.find(pirate.id) }
+    @ship.save
+    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound) { Pirate.find(pirate.id) }
+  end
+
+  def test_should_automatically_enable_autosave_on_the_association
+    assert Ship.reflect_on_association(:pirate).options[:autosave]
+  end
+
+  def test_should_create_new_model_when_nothing_is_there_and_update_only_is_true
+    @pirate.delete
+    @ship.reload.attributes = { :update_only_pirate_attributes => { :catchphrase => 'Arr' } }
+
+    assert !@ship.update_only_pirate.persisted?
+  end
+
+  def test_should_update_existing_when_update_only_is_true_and_no_id_is_given
+    @pirate.delete
+    @pirate = @ship.create_update_only_pirate(catchphrase: 'Aye')
+
+    @ship.update(update_only_pirate_attributes: { catchphrase: 'Arr' })
+    assert_equal 'Arr', @pirate.reload.catchphrase
+    assert_equal @pirate, @ship.reload.update_only_pirate
+  end
+
+  def test_should_update_existing_when_update_only_is_true_and_id_is_given
+    @pirate.delete
+    @pirate = @ship.create_update_only_pirate(catchphrase: 'Aye')
+
+    @ship.update(update_only_pirate_attributes: { catchphrase: 'Arr', id: @pirate.id })
+
+    assert_equal 'Arr', @pirate.reload.catchphrase
+    assert_equal @pirate, @ship.reload.update_only_pirate
+  end
+
+  def test_should_destroy_existing_when_update_only_is_true_and_id_is_given_and_is_marked_for_destruction
+    Ship.accepts_nested_attributes_for :update_only_pirate, :update_only => true, :allow_destroy => true
+    @pirate.delete
+    @pirate = @ship.create_update_only_pirate(catchphrase: 'Aye')
+
+    @ship.update(update_only_pirate_attributes: { catchphrase: 'Arr', id: @pirate.id, _destroy: true })
+
+    assert_raise(ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound) { @pirate.reload }
+
+    Ship.accepts_nested_attributes_for :update_only_pirate, :update_only => true, :allow_destroy => false
+  end
+end
+
+module NestedAttributesOnACollectionAssociationTests
+  def test_should_define_an_attribute_writer_method_for_the_association
+    assert_respond_to @pirate, association_setter
+  end
+
+  def test_should_save_only_one_association_on_create
+    pirate = Pirate.create!({
+      :catchphrase => 'Arr',
+      association_getter => { 'foo' => { :name => 'Grace OMalley' } }
+    })
+
+    assert_equal 1, pirate.reload.send(@association_name).count
+  end
+
+  def test_should_take_a_hash_with_string_keys_and_assign_the_attributes_to_the_associated_models
+    @alternate_params[association_getter].stringify_keys!
+    @pirate.update @alternate_params
+    assert_equal ['Grace OMalley', 'Privateers Greed'], [@child_1.reload.name, @child_2.reload.name]
+  end
+
+  def test_should_take_an_array_and_assign_the_attributes_to_the_associated_models
+    @pirate.send(association_setter, @alternate_params[association_getter].values)
+    @pirate.save
+    assert_equal ['Grace OMalley', 'Privateers Greed'], [@child_1.reload.name, @child_2.reload.name]
+  end
+
+  def test_should_also_work_with_a_HashWithIndifferentAccess
+    @pirate.send(association_setter, ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new('foo' => ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(:id => @child_1.id, :name => 'Grace OMalley')))
+    @pirate.save
+    assert_equal 'Grace OMalley', @child_1.reload.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_take_a_hash_and_assign_the_attributes_to_the_associated_models
+    @pirate.attributes = @alternate_params
+    assert_equal 'Grace OMalley', @pirate.send(@association_name).first.name
+    assert_equal 'Privateers Greed', @pirate.send(@association_name).last.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_load_association_when_updating_existing_records
+    @pirate.reload
+    @pirate.send(association_setter, [{ :id => @child_1.id, :name => 'Grace OMalley' }])
+    assert ! @pirate.send(@association_name).loaded?
+
+    @pirate.save
+    assert ! @pirate.send(@association_name).loaded?
+    assert_equal 'Grace OMalley', @child_1.reload.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_overwrite_unsaved_updates_when_loading_association
+    @pirate.reload
+    @pirate.send(association_setter, [{ :id => @child_1.id, :name => 'Grace OMalley' }])
+    assert_equal 'Grace OMalley', @pirate.send(@association_name).send(:load_target).find { |r| r.id == @child_1.id }.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_preserve_order_when_not_overwriting_unsaved_updates
+    @pirate.reload
+    @pirate.send(association_setter, [{ :id => @child_1.id, :name => 'Grace OMalley' }])
+    assert_equal @child_1.id, @pirate.send(@association_name).send(:load_target).first.id
+  end
+
+  def test_should_refresh_saved_records_when_not_overwriting_unsaved_updates
+    @pirate.reload
+    record = @pirate.class.reflect_on_association(@association_name).klass.new(name: 'Grace OMalley')
+    @pirate.send(@association_name) << record
+    record.save!
+    @pirate.send(@association_name).last.update!(name: 'Polly')
+    assert_equal 'Polly', @pirate.send(@association_name).send(:load_target).last.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_remove_scheduled_destroys_when_loading_association
+    @pirate.reload
+    @pirate.send(association_setter, [{ :id => @child_1.id, :_destroy => '1' }])
+    assert @pirate.send(@association_name).send(:load_target).find { |r| r.id == @child_1.id }.marked_for_destruction?
+  end
+
+  def test_should_take_a_hash_with_composite_id_keys_and_assign_the_attributes_to_the_associated_models
+    @child_1.stubs(:id).returns('ABC1X')
+    @child_2.stubs(:id).returns('ABC2X')
+
+    @pirate.attributes = {
+      association_getter => [
+        { :id => @child_1.id, :name => 'Grace OMalley' },
+        { :id => @child_2.id, :name => 'Privateers Greed' }
+      ]
+    }
+
+    assert_equal ['Grace OMalley', 'Privateers Greed'], [@child_1.name, @child_2.name]
+  end
+
+  def test_should_raise_RecordNotFound_if_an_id_is_given_but_doesnt_return_a_record
+    exception = assert_raise ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound do
+      @pirate.attributes = { association_getter => [{ :id => 1234567890 }] }
+    end
+    assert_equal "Couldn't find #{@child_1.class.name} with ID=1234567890 for Pirate with ID=#{@pirate.id}", exception.message
+  end
+
+  def test_should_automatically_build_new_associated_models_for_each_entry_in_a_hash_where_the_id_is_missing
+    @pirate.send(@association_name).destroy_all
+    @pirate.reload.attributes = {
+      association_getter => { 'foo' => { :name => 'Grace OMalley' }, 'bar' => { :name => 'Privateers Greed' }}
+    }
+
+    assert !@pirate.send(@association_name).first.persisted?
+    assert_equal 'Grace OMalley', @pirate.send(@association_name).first.name
+
+    assert !@pirate.send(@association_name).last.persisted?
+    assert_equal 'Privateers Greed', @pirate.send(@association_name).last.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_assign_destroy_key_to_a_record
+    assert_nothing_raised ActiveRecord::UnknownAttributeError do
+      @pirate.send(association_setter, { 'foo' => { '_destroy' => '0' }})
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_should_ignore_new_associated_records_with_truthy_destroy_attribute
+    @pirate.send(@association_name).destroy_all
+    @pirate.reload.attributes = {
+      association_getter => {
+        'foo' => { :name => 'Grace OMalley' },
+        'bar' => { :name => 'Privateers Greed', '_destroy' => '1' }
+      }
+    }
+
+    assert_equal 1, @pirate.send(@association_name).length
+    assert_equal 'Grace OMalley', @pirate.send(@association_name).first.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_ignore_new_associated_records_if_a_reject_if_proc_returns_false
+    @alternate_params[association_getter]['baz'] = {}
+    assert_no_difference("@pirate.send(@association_name).count") do
+      @pirate.attributes = @alternate_params
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_should_sort_the_hash_by_the_keys_before_building_new_associated_models
+    attributes = {}
+    attributes['123726353'] = { :name => 'Grace OMalley' }
+    attributes['2'] = { :name => 'Privateers Greed' } # 2 is lower then 123726353
+    @pirate.send(association_setter, attributes)
+
+    assert_equal ['Posideons Killer', 'Killer bandita Dionne', 'Privateers Greed', 'Grace OMalley'].to_set, @pirate.send(@association_name).map(&:name).to_set
+  end
+
+  def test_should_raise_an_argument_error_if_something_else_than_a_hash_is_passed
+    assert_nothing_raised(ArgumentError) { @pirate.send(association_setter, {}) }
+    assert_nothing_raised(ArgumentError) { @pirate.send(association_setter, Hash.new) }
+
+    exception = assert_raise ArgumentError do
+      @pirate.send(association_setter, "foo")
+    end
+    assert_equal 'Hash or Array expected, got String ("foo")', exception.message
+  end
+
+  def test_should_work_with_update_as_well
+    @pirate.update(catchphrase: 'Arr',
+      association_getter => { 'foo' => { :id => @child_1.id, :name => 'Grace OMalley' }})
+
+    assert_equal 'Grace OMalley', @child_1.reload.name
+  end
+
+  def test_should_update_existing_records_and_add_new_ones_that_have_no_id
+    @alternate_params[association_getter]['baz'] = { name: 'Buccaneers Servant' }
+    assert_difference('@pirate.send(@association_name).count', +1) do
+      @pirate.update @alternate_params
+    end
+    assert_equal ['Grace OMalley', 'Privateers Greed', 'Buccaneers Servant'].to_set, @pirate.reload.send(@association_name).map(&:name).to_set
+  end
+
+  def test_should_be_possible_to_destroy_a_record
+    ['1', 1, 'true', true].each do |true_variable|
+      record = @pirate.reload.send(@association_name).create!(:name => 'Grace OMalley')
+      @pirate.send(association_setter,
+        @alternate_params[association_getter].merge('baz' => { :id => record.id, '_destroy' => true_variable })
+      )
+
+      assert_difference('@pirate.send(@association_name).count', -1) do
+        @pirate.save
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_destroy_the_associated_model_with_a_non_truthy_argument
+    [nil, '', '0', 0, 'false', false].each do |false_variable|
+      @alternate_params[association_getter]['foo']['_destroy'] = false_variable
+      assert_no_difference('@pirate.send(@association_name).count') do
+        @pirate.update(@alternate_params)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_should_not_destroy_the_associated_model_until_the_parent_is_saved
+    assert_no_difference('@pirate.send(@association_name).count') do
+      @pirate.send(association_setter, @alternate_params[association_getter].merge('baz' => { :id => @child_1.id, '_destroy' => true }))
+    end
+    assert_difference('@pirate.send(@association_name).count', -1) { @pirate.save }
+  end
+
+  def test_should_automatically_enable_autosave_on_the_association
+    assert Pirate.reflect_on_association(@association_name).options[:autosave]
+  end
+
+  def test_validate_presence_of_parent_works_with_inverse_of
+    Man.accepts_nested_attributes_for(:interests)
+    assert_equal :man, Man.reflect_on_association(:interests).options[:inverse_of]
+    assert_equal :interests, Interest.reflect_on_association(:man).options[:inverse_of]
+
+    repair_validations(Interest) do
+      Interest.validates_presence_of(:man)
+      assert_difference 'Man.count' do
+        assert_difference 'Interest.count', 2 do
+          man = Man.create!(:name => 'John',
+                            :interests_attributes => [{:topic=>'Cars'}, {:topic=>'Sports'}])
+          assert_equal 2, man.interests.count
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_can_use_symbols_as_object_identifier
+    @pirate.attributes = { :parrots_attributes => { :foo => { :name => 'Lovely Day' }, :bar => { :name => 'Blown Away' } } }
+    assert_nothing_raised(NoMethodError) { @pirate.save! }
+  end
+
+  def test_numeric_column_changes_from_zero_to_no_empty_string
+    Man.accepts_nested_attributes_for(:interests)
+
+    repair_validations(Interest) do
+      Interest.validates_numericality_of(:zine_id)
+      man = Man.create(name: 'John')
+      interest = man.interests.create(topic: 'bar', zine_id: 0)
+      assert interest.save
+      assert !man.update({interests_attributes: { id: interest.id, zine_id: 'foo' }})
+    end
+  end
+
+  private
+
+  def association_setter
+    @association_setter ||= "#{@association_name}_attributes=".to_sym
+  end
+
+  def association_getter
+    @association_getter ||= "#{@association_name}_attributes".to_sym
+  end
+end
+
+class TestNestedAttributesOnAHasManyAssociation < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  def setup
+    @association_type = :has_many
+    @association_name = :birds
+
+    @pirate = Pirate.create!(:catchphrase => "Don' botharrr talkin' like one, savvy?")
+    @pirate.birds.create!(:name => 'Posideons Killer')
+    @pirate.birds.create!(:name => 'Killer bandita Dionne')
+
+    @child_1, @child_2 = @pirate.birds
+
+    @alternate_params = {
+      :birds_attributes => {
+        'foo' => { :id => @child_1.id, :name => 'Grace OMalley' },
+        'bar' => { :id => @child_2.id, :name => 'Privateers Greed' }
+      }
+    }
+  end
+
+  include NestedAttributesOnACollectionAssociationTests
+end
+
+class TestNestedAttributesOnAHasAndBelongsToManyAssociation < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  def setup
+    @association_type = :has_and_belongs_to_many
+    @association_name = :parrots
+
+    @pirate = Pirate.create!(:catchphrase => "Don' botharrr talkin' like one, savvy?")
+    @pirate.parrots.create!(:name => 'Posideons Killer')
+    @pirate.parrots.create!(:name => 'Killer bandita Dionne')
+
+    @child_1, @child_2 = @pirate.parrots
+
+    @alternate_params = {
+      :parrots_attributes => {
+        'foo' => { :id => @child_1.id, :name => 'Grace OMalley' },
+        'bar' => { :id => @child_2.id, :name => 'Privateers Greed' }
+      }
+    }
+  end
+
+  include NestedAttributesOnACollectionAssociationTests
+end
+
+module NestedAttributesLimitTests
+  def teardown
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :parrots, :allow_destroy => true, :reject_if => proc { |attributes| attributes.empty? }
+  end
+
+  def test_limit_with_less_records
+    @pirate.attributes = { :parrots_attributes => { 'foo' => { :name => 'Big Big Love' } } }
+    assert_difference('Parrot.count') { @pirate.save! }
+  end
+
+  def test_limit_with_number_exact_records
+    @pirate.attributes = { :parrots_attributes => { 'foo' => { :name => 'Lovely Day' }, 'bar' => { :name => 'Blown Away' } } }
+    assert_difference('Parrot.count', 2) { @pirate.save! }
+  end
+
+  def test_limit_with_exceeding_records
+    assert_raises(ActiveRecord::NestedAttributes::TooManyRecords) do
+      @pirate.attributes = { :parrots_attributes => { 'foo' => { :name => 'Lovely Day' },
+                                                      'bar' => { :name => 'Blown Away' },
+                                                      'car' => { :name => 'The Happening' }} }
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+class TestNestedAttributesLimitNumeric < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  def setup
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :parrots, :limit => 2
+
+    @pirate = Pirate.create!(:catchphrase => "Don' botharrr talkin' like one, savvy?")
+  end
+
+  include NestedAttributesLimitTests
+end
+
+class TestNestedAttributesLimitSymbol < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  def setup
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :parrots, :limit => :parrots_limit
+
+    @pirate = Pirate.create!(:catchphrase => "Don' botharrr talkin' like one, savvy?", :parrots_limit => 2)
+  end
+
+  include NestedAttributesLimitTests
+end
+
+class TestNestedAttributesLimitProc < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  def setup
+    Pirate.accepts_nested_attributes_for :parrots, :limit => proc { 2 }
+
+    @pirate = Pirate.create!(:catchphrase => "Don' botharrr talkin' like one, savvy?")
+  end
+
+  include NestedAttributesLimitTests
+end
+
+class TestNestedAttributesWithNonStandardPrimaryKeys < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  fixtures :owners, :pets
+
+  def setup
+    Owner.accepts_nested_attributes_for :pets, :allow_destroy => true
+
+    @owner = owners(:ashley)
+    @pet1, @pet2 = pets(:chew), pets(:mochi)
+
+    @params = {
+      :pets_attributes => {
+        '0' => { :id => @pet1.id, :name => 'Foo' },
+        '1' => { :id => @pet2.id, :name => 'Bar' }
+      }
+    }
+  end
+
+  def test_should_update_existing_records_with_non_standard_primary_key
+    @owner.update(@params)
+    assert_equal ['Foo', 'Bar'], @owner.pets.map(&:name)
+  end
+
+  def test_attr_accessor_of_child_should_be_value_provided_during_update
+    @owner = owners(:ashley)
+    @pet1 = pets(:chew)
+    attributes = {:pets_attributes => { "1"=> { :id => @pet1.id,
+                                                :name => "Foo2",
+                                                :current_user => "John",
+                                                :_destroy=>true }}}
+    @owner.update(attributes)
+    assert_equal 'John', Pet.after_destroy_output
+  end
+
+end
+
+class TestHasOneAutosaveAssociationWhichItselfHasAutosaveAssociations < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  self.use_transactional_fixtures = false unless supports_savepoints?
+
+  def setup
+    @pirate = Pirate.create!(:catchphrase => "My baby takes tha mornin' train!")
+    @ship = @pirate.create_ship(:name => "The good ship Dollypop")
+    @part = @ship.parts.create!(:name => "Mast")
+    @trinket = @part.trinkets.create!(:name => "Necklace")
+  end
+
+  test "when great-grandchild changed in memory, saving parent should save great-grandchild" do
+    @trinket.name = "changed"
+    @pirate.save
+    assert_equal "changed", @trinket.reload.name
+  end
+
+  test "when great-grandchild changed via attributes, saving parent should save great-grandchild" do
+    @pirate.attributes = {:ship_attributes => {:id => @ship.id, :parts_attributes => [{:id => @part.id, :trinkets_attributes => [{:id => @trinket.id, :name => "changed"}]}]}}
+    @pirate.save
+    assert_equal "changed", @trinket.reload.name
+  end
+
+  test "when great-grandchild marked_for_destruction via attributes, saving parent should destroy great-grandchild" do
+    @pirate.attributes = {:ship_attributes => {:id => @ship.id, :parts_attributes => [{:id => @part.id, :trinkets_attributes => [{:id => @trinket.id, :_destroy => true}]}]}}
+    assert_difference('@part.trinkets.count', -1) { @pirate.save }
+  end
+
+  test "when great-grandchild added via attributes, saving parent should create great-grandchild" do
+    @pirate.attributes = {:ship_attributes => {:id => @ship.id, :parts_attributes => [{:id => @part.id, :trinkets_attributes => [{:name => "created"}]}]}}
+    assert_difference('@part.trinkets.count', 1) { @pirate.save }
+  end
+
+  test "when extra records exist for associations, validate (which calls nested_records_changed_for_autosave?) should not load them up" do
+    @trinket.name = "changed"
+    Ship.create!(:pirate => @pirate, :name => "The Black Rock")
+    ShipPart.create!(:ship => @ship, :name => "Stern")
+    assert_no_queries { @pirate.valid? }
+  end
+end
+
+class TestHasManyAutosaveAssociationWhichItselfHasAutosaveAssociations < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  self.use_transactional_fixtures = false unless supports_savepoints?
+
+  def setup
+    @ship = Ship.create!(:name => "The good ship Dollypop")
+    @part = @ship.parts.create!(:name => "Mast")
+    @trinket = @part.trinkets.create!(:name => "Necklace")
+  end
+
+  test "if association is not loaded and association record is saved and then in memory record attributes should be saved" do
+    @ship.parts_attributes=[{:id => @part.id,:name =>'Deck'}]
+    assert_equal 1, @ship.association(:parts).target.size
+    assert_equal 'Deck', @ship.parts[0].name
+  end
+
+  test "if association is not loaded and child doesn't change and I am saving a grandchild then in memory record should be used" do
+    @ship.parts_attributes=[{:id => @part.id,:trinkets_attributes =>[{:id => @trinket.id, :name => 'Ruby'}]}]
+    assert_equal 1, @ship.association(:parts).target.size
+    assert_equal 'Mast', @ship.parts[0].name
+    assert_no_difference("@ship.parts[0].association(:trinkets).target.size") do
+      @ship.parts[0].association(:trinkets).target.size
+    end
+    assert_equal 'Ruby', @ship.parts[0].trinkets[0].name
+    @ship.save
+    assert_equal 'Ruby', @ship.parts[0].trinkets[0].name
+  end
+
+  test "when grandchild changed in memory, saving parent should save grandchild" do
+    @trinket.name = "changed"
+    @ship.save
+    assert_equal "changed", @trinket.reload.name
+  end
+
+  test "when grandchild changed via attributes, saving parent should save grandchild" do
+    @ship.attributes = {:parts_attributes => [{:id => @part.id, :trinkets_attributes => [{:id => @trinket.id, :name => "changed"}]}]}
+    @ship.save
+    assert_equal "changed", @trinket.reload.name
+  end
+
+  test "when grandchild marked_for_destruction via attributes, saving parent should destroy grandchild" do
+    @ship.attributes = {:parts_attributes => [{:id => @part.id, :trinkets_attributes => [{:id => @trinket.id, :_destroy => true}]}]}
+    assert_difference('@part.trinkets.count', -1) { @ship.save }
+  end
+
+  test "when grandchild added via attributes, saving parent should create grandchild" do
+    @ship.attributes = {:parts_attributes => [{:id => @part.id, :trinkets_attributes => [{:name => "created"}]}]}
+    assert_difference('@part.trinkets.count', 1) { @ship.save }
+  end
+
+  test "when extra records exist for associations, validate (which calls nested_records_changed_for_autosave?) should not load them up" do
+    @trinket.name = "changed"
+    Ship.create!(:name => "The Black Rock")
+    ShipPart.create!(:ship => @ship, :name => "Stern")
+    assert_no_queries { @ship.valid? }
+  end
+
+  test "circular references do not perform unnecessary queries" do
+    ship = Ship.new(name: "The Black Rock")
+    part = ship.parts.build(name: "Stern")
+    ship.treasures.build(looter: part)
+
+    assert_queries 3 do
+      ship.save!
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "nested singular associations are validated" do
+    part = ShipPart.new(name: "Stern", ship_attributes: { name: nil })
+
+    assert_not part.valid?
+    assert_equal ["Ship name can't be blank"], part.errors.full_messages
+  end
+end