grpc 1.47.0-x86_64-linux → 1.49.0.pre1-x86_64-linux

data/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/grpclb.cc

@@ -53,10 +53,11 @@
 
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/grpclb.h"
 
+#include <grpc/event_engine/event_engine.h>
+
 // IWYU pragma: no_include <sys/socket.h>
 
 #include <inttypes.h>
-#include <limits.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
@@ -92,16 +93,12 @@
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/client_channel.h"
-#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/child_policy_handler.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/client_load_reporting_filter.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/grpclb_balancer_addresses.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/grpclb_client_stats.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/load_balancer_api.h"
-#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy_factory.h"
-#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy_registry.h"
 #include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/fake/fake_resolver.h"
-#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/subchannel_interface.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/address_utils/sockaddr_utils.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/backoff/backoff.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/channel/channel_args.h"
@@ -109,6 +106,7 @@
 #include "src/core/lib/channel/channelz.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/config/core_configuration.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/debug/trace.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/event_engine/default_event_engine.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/gpr/string.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/gpr/useful.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/gprpp/debug_location.h"
@@ -116,6 +114,7 @@
 #include "src/core/lib/gprpp/ref_counted.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/gprpp/ref_counted_ptr.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/gprpp/time.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/gprpp/work_serializer.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/closure.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/error.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/exec_ctx.h"
@@ -124,8 +123,11 @@
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/sockaddr.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/socket_utils.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/iomgr/timer.h"
-#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/work_serializer.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/json/json.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/load_balancing/lb_policy.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/load_balancing/lb_policy_factory.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/load_balancing/lb_policy_registry.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/load_balancing/subchannel_interface.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/resolver/resolver.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/resolver/server_address.h"
 #include "src/core/lib/security/credentials/credentials.h"
@@ -155,7 +157,10 @@ const char kGrpcLbAddressAttributeKey[] = "grpclb";
 
 namespace {
 
-constexpr char kGrpclb[] = "grpclb";
+using ::grpc_event_engine::experimental::EventEngine;
+using ::grpc_event_engine::experimental::GetDefaultEventEngine;
+
+constexpr absl::string_view kGrpclb = "grpclb";
 
 class GrpcLbConfig : public LoadBalancingPolicy::Config {
  public:
@@ -163,7 +168,8 @@ class GrpcLbConfig : public LoadBalancingPolicy::Config {
                std::string service_name)
       : child_policy_(std::move(child_policy)),
         service_name_(std::move(service_name)) {}
-  const char* name() const override { return kGrpclb; }
+
+  absl::string_view name() const override { return kGrpclb; }
 
   RefCountedPtr<LoadBalancingPolicy::Config> child_policy() const {
     return child_policy_;
@@ -180,7 +186,7 @@ class GrpcLb : public LoadBalancingPolicy {
  public:
   explicit GrpcLb(Args args);
 
-  const char* name() const override { return kGrpclb; }
+  absl::string_view name() const override { return kGrpclb; }
 
   void UpdateLocked(UpdateArgs args) override;
   void ResetBackoffLocked() override;
@@ -212,13 +218,15 @@ class GrpcLb : public LoadBalancingPolicy {
     void ScheduleNextClientLoadReportLocked();
     void SendClientLoadReportLocked();
 
-    static void MaybeSendClientLoadReport(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
+    // EventEngine callbacks
+    void MaybeSendClientLoadReport();
+    void MaybeSendClientLoadReportLocked();
+
     static void ClientLoadReportDone(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
     static void OnInitialRequestSent(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
     static void OnBalancerMessageReceived(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
     static void OnBalancerStatusReceived(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
 
-    void MaybeSendClientLoadReportLocked(grpc_error_handle error);
     void ClientLoadReportDoneLocked(grpc_error_handle error);
     void OnInitialRequestSentLocked();
     void OnBalancerMessageReceivedLocked();
@@ -253,13 +261,11 @@ class GrpcLb : public LoadBalancingPolicy {
     // Created after the first serverlist is received.
     RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbClientStats> client_stats_;
     Duration client_stats_report_interval_;
-    grpc_timer client_load_report_timer_;
-    bool client_load_report_timer_callback_pending_ = false;
+    absl::optional<EventEngine::TaskHandle> client_load_report_handle_;
     bool last_client_load_report_counters_were_zero_ = false;
     bool client_load_report_is_due_ = false;
-    // The closure used for either the load report timer or the callback for
-    // completion of sending the load report.
-    grpc_closure client_load_report_closure_;
+    // The closure used for the completion of sending the load report.
+    grpc_closure client_load_report_done_closure_;
   };
 
   class SubchannelWrapper : public DelegatingSubchannel {
@@ -374,6 +380,39 @@ class GrpcLb : public LoadBalancingPolicy {
     PickResult Pick(PickArgs args) override;
 
    private:
+    // A subchannel call tracker that unrefs the GrpcLbClientStats object
+    // in the case where the subchannel call is never actually started,
+    // since the client load reporting filter will not be able to do it
+    // in that case.
+    class SubchannelCallTracker : public SubchannelCallTrackerInterface {
+     public:
+      SubchannelCallTracker(
+          RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbClientStats> client_stats,
+          std::unique_ptr<SubchannelCallTrackerInterface> original_call_tracker)
+          : client_stats_(std::move(client_stats)),
+            original_call_tracker_(std::move(original_call_tracker)) {}
+
+      void Start() override {
+        if (original_call_tracker_ != nullptr) {
+          original_call_tracker_->Start();
+        }
+        // If we're actually starting the subchannel call, then the
+        // client load reporting filter will take ownership of the ref
+        // passed down to it via metadata.
+        client_stats_.release();
+      }
+
+      void Finish(FinishArgs args) override {
+        if (original_call_tracker_ != nullptr) {
+          original_call_tracker_->Finish(args);
+        }
+      }
+
+     private:
+      RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbClientStats> client_stats_;
+      std::unique_ptr<SubchannelCallTrackerInterface> original_call_tracker_;
+    };
+
     // Serverlist to be used for determining drops.
     RefCountedPtr<Serverlist> serverlist_;
 
@@ -387,7 +426,7 @@ class GrpcLb : public LoadBalancingPolicy {
         : parent_(std::move(parent)) {}
 
     RefCountedPtr<SubchannelInterface> CreateSubchannel(
-        ServerAddress address, const grpc_channel_args& args) override;
+        ServerAddress address, const ChannelArgs& args) override;
     void UpdateState(grpc_connectivity_state state, const absl::Status& status,
                      std::unique_ptr<SubchannelPicker> picker) override;
     void RequestReresolution() override;
@@ -431,12 +470,10 @@ class GrpcLb : public LoadBalancingPolicy {
     RefCountedPtr<GrpcLb> parent_;
   };
 
-  ~GrpcLb() override;
-
   void ShutdownLocked() override;
 
   // Helper functions used in UpdateLocked().
-  void UpdateBalancerChannelLocked(const grpc_channel_args& args);
+  void UpdateBalancerChannelLocked(const ChannelArgs& args);
 
   void CancelBalancerChannelConnectivityWatchLocked();
 
@@ -452,10 +489,10 @@ class GrpcLb : public LoadBalancingPolicy {
   void OnBalancerCallRetryTimerLocked(grpc_error_handle error);
 
   // Methods for dealing with the child policy.
-  grpc_channel_args* CreateChildPolicyArgsLocked(
+  ChannelArgs CreateChildPolicyArgsLocked(
       bool is_backend_from_grpclb_load_balancer);
   OrphanablePtr<LoadBalancingPolicy> CreateChildPolicyLocked(
-      const grpc_channel_args* args);
+      const ChannelArgs& args);
   void CreateOrUpdateChildPolicyLocked();
 
   // Subchannel caching.
@@ -471,7 +508,7 @@ class GrpcLb : public LoadBalancingPolicy {
   RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbConfig> config_;
 
   // Current channel args from the resolver.
-  grpc_channel_args* args_ = nullptr;
+  ChannelArgs args_;
 
   // Internal state.
   bool shutting_down_ = false;
@@ -635,7 +672,7 @@ ServerAddressList GrpcLb::Serverlist::GetServerAddressList(
         absl::make_unique<TokenAndClientStatsAttribute>(std::move(lb_token),
                                                         stats);
     // Add address.
-    addresses.emplace_back(addr, /*args=*/nullptr, std::move(attributes));
+    addresses.emplace_back(addr, ChannelArgs(), std::move(attributes));
   }
   return addresses;
 }
@@ -686,7 +723,10 @@ GrpcLb::PickResult GrpcLb::Picker::Pick(PickArgs args) {
     // client_load_reporting filter.
     GrpcLbClientStats* client_stats = subchannel_wrapper->client_stats();
     if (client_stats != nullptr) {
-      client_stats->Ref().release();  // Ref passed via metadata.
+      complete_pick->subchannel_call_tracker =
+          absl::make_unique<SubchannelCallTracker>(
+              client_stats->Ref(),
+              std::move(complete_pick->subchannel_call_tracker));
       // The metadata value is a hack: we pretend the pointer points to
       // a string and rely on the client_load_reporting filter to know
       // how to interpret it.
@@ -717,7 +757,7 @@ GrpcLb::PickResult GrpcLb::Picker::Pick(PickArgs args) {
 //
 
 RefCountedPtr<SubchannelInterface> GrpcLb::Helper::CreateSubchannel(
-    ServerAddress address, const grpc_channel_args& args) {
+    ServerAddress address, const ChannelArgs& args) {
   if (parent_->shutting_down_) return nullptr;
   const TokenAndClientStatsAttribute* attribute =
       static_cast<const TokenAndClientStatsAttribute*>(
@@ -823,7 +863,7 @@ GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::BalancerCallState(
                     OnBalancerMessageReceived, this, grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
   GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&lb_on_balancer_status_received_, OnBalancerStatusReceived,
                     this, grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
-  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&client_load_report_closure_, MaybeSendClientLoadReport,
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&client_load_report_done_closure_, ClientLoadReportDone,
                     this, grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
   const Timestamp deadline =
       grpclb_policy()->lb_call_timeout_ == Duration::Zero()
@@ -866,8 +906,9 @@ void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::Orphan() {
   // up. Otherwise, we are here because grpclb_policy has to orphan a failed
   // call, then the following cancellation will be a no-op.
   grpc_call_cancel_internal(lb_call_);
-  if (client_load_report_timer_callback_pending_) {
-    grpc_timer_cancel(&client_load_report_timer_);
+  if (client_load_report_handle_.has_value() &&
+      GetDefaultEventEngine()->Cancel(client_load_report_handle_.value())) {
+    Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "client_load_report cancelled");
   }
   // Note that the initial ref is hold by lb_on_balancer_status_received_
   // instead of the caller of this function. So the corresponding unref happens
@@ -951,34 +992,23 @@ void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::StartQuery() {
 }
 
 void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::ScheduleNextClientLoadReportLocked() {
-  // InvalidateNow to avoid getting stuck re-initializing this timer
-  // in a loop while draining the currently-held WorkSerializer.
-  // Also see https://github.com/grpc/grpc/issues/26079.
-  ExecCtx::Get()->InvalidateNow();
-  const Timestamp next_client_load_report_time =
-      ExecCtx::Get()->Now() + client_stats_report_interval_;
-  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&client_load_report_closure_, MaybeSendClientLoadReport,
-                    this, grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
-  grpc_timer_init(&client_load_report_timer_, next_client_load_report_time,
-                  &client_load_report_closure_);
-  client_load_report_timer_callback_pending_ = true;
+  client_load_report_handle_ =
+      GetDefaultEventEngine()->RunAfter(client_stats_report_interval_, [this] {
+        ApplicationCallbackExecCtx callback_exec_ctx;
+        ExecCtx exec_ctx;
+        MaybeSendClientLoadReport();
+      });
 }
 
-void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::MaybeSendClientLoadReport(
-    void* arg, grpc_error_handle error) {
-  BalancerCallState* lb_calld = static_cast<BalancerCallState*>(arg);
-  (void)GRPC_ERROR_REF(error);  // ref owned by lambda
-  lb_calld->grpclb_policy()->work_serializer()->Run(
-      [lb_calld, error]() { lb_calld->MaybeSendClientLoadReportLocked(error); },
-      DEBUG_LOCATION);
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::MaybeSendClientLoadReport() {
+  grpclb_policy()->work_serializer()->Run(
+      [this] { MaybeSendClientLoadReportLocked(); }, DEBUG_LOCATION);
 }
 
-void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::MaybeSendClientLoadReportLocked(
-    grpc_error_handle error) {
-  client_load_report_timer_callback_pending_ = false;
-  if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE || this != grpclb_policy()->lb_calld_.get()) {
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::MaybeSendClientLoadReportLocked() {
+  client_load_report_handle_.reset();
+  if (this != grpclb_policy()->lb_calld_.get()) {
     Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "client_load_report");
-    GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
     return;
   }
   // If we've already sent the initial request, then we can go ahead and send
@@ -1031,10 +1061,8 @@ void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::SendClientLoadReportLocked() {
   memset(&op, 0, sizeof(op));
   op.op = GRPC_OP_SEND_MESSAGE;
   op.data.send_message.send_message = send_message_payload_;
-  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&client_load_report_closure_, ClientLoadReportDone, this,
-                    grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
   grpc_call_error call_error = grpc_call_start_batch_and_execute(
-      lb_call_, &op, 1, &client_load_report_closure_);
+      lb_call_, &op, 1, &client_load_report_done_closure_);
   if (GPR_UNLIKELY(call_error != GRPC_CALL_OK)) {
     gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
             "[grpclb %p] lb_calld=%p call_error=%d sending client load report",
@@ -1056,7 +1084,7 @@ void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::ClientLoadReportDoneLocked(
     grpc_error_handle error) {
   grpc_byte_buffer_destroy(send_message_payload_);
   send_message_payload_ = nullptr;
-  if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE || this != grpclb_policy()->lb_calld_.get()) {
+  if (!GRPC_ERROR_IS_NONE(error) || this != grpclb_policy()->lb_calld_.get()) {
     Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "client_load_report");
     GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
     return;
@@ -1313,7 +1341,7 @@ void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::OnBalancerStatusReceivedLocked(
 // helper code for creating balancer channel
 //
 
-ServerAddressList ExtractBalancerAddresses(const grpc_channel_args& args) {
+ServerAddressList ExtractBalancerAddresses(const ChannelArgs& args) {
   const ServerAddressList* addresses =
       FindGrpclbBalancerAddressesInChannelArgs(args);
   if (addresses != nullptr) return *addresses;
@@ -1327,88 +1355,78 @@ ServerAddressList ExtractBalancerAddresses(const grpc_channel_args& args) {
  *   - \a response_generator: in order to propagate updates from the resolver
  *   above the grpclb policy.
  *   - \a args: other args inherited from the grpclb policy. */
-grpc_channel_args* BuildBalancerChannelArgs(
+ChannelArgs BuildBalancerChannelArgs(
     FakeResolverResponseGenerator* response_generator,
-    const grpc_channel_args* args) {
-  // Channel args to remove.
-  static const char* args_to_remove[] = {
+    const ChannelArgs& args) {
+  // Create channel args for channel credentials that does not contain bearer
+  // token credentials.
+  auto* channel_credentials = args.GetObject<grpc_channel_credentials>();
+  GPR_ASSERT(channel_credentials != nullptr);
+  RefCountedPtr<grpc_channel_credentials> creds_sans_call_creds =
+      channel_credentials->duplicate_without_call_credentials();
+  GPR_ASSERT(creds_sans_call_creds != nullptr);
+  return args
       // LB policy name, since we want to use the default (pick_first) in
       // the LB channel.
-      GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME,
+      .Remove(GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME)
       // Strip out the service config, since we don't want the LB policy
       // config specified for the parent channel to affect the LB channel.
-      GRPC_ARG_SERVICE_CONFIG,
+      .Remove(GRPC_ARG_SERVICE_CONFIG)
       // The channel arg for the server URI, since that will be different for
       // the LB channel than for the parent channel.  The client channel
       // factory will re-add this arg with the right value.
-      GRPC_ARG_SERVER_URI,
+      .Remove(GRPC_ARG_SERVER_URI)
       // The fake resolver response generator, because we are replacing it
       // with the one from the grpclb policy, used to propagate updates to
       // the LB channel.
-      GRPC_ARG_FAKE_RESOLVER_RESPONSE_GENERATOR,
+      .Remove(GRPC_ARG_FAKE_RESOLVER_RESPONSE_GENERATOR)
       // The LB channel should use the authority indicated by the target
       // authority table (see \a ModifyGrpclbBalancerChannelArgs),
       // as opposed to the authority from the parent channel.
-      GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY,
+      .Remove(GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY)
       // Just as for \a GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY, the LB channel should be
       // treated as a stand-alone channel and not inherit this argument from the
       // args of the parent channel.
-      GRPC_SSL_TARGET_NAME_OVERRIDE_ARG,
+      .Remove(GRPC_SSL_TARGET_NAME_OVERRIDE_ARG)
       // Don't want to pass down channelz node from parent; the balancer
       // channel will get its own.
-      GRPC_ARG_CHANNELZ_CHANNEL_NODE,
+      .Remove(GRPC_ARG_CHANNELZ_CHANNEL_NODE)
       // Remove the channel args for channel credentials and replace it
       // with a version that does not contain call credentials. The loadbalancer
       // is not necessarily trusted to handle bearer token credentials.
-      GRPC_ARG_CHANNEL_CREDENTIALS,
-  };
-  // Create channel args for channel credentials that does not contain bearer
-  // token credentials.
-  grpc_channel_credentials* channel_credentials =
-      grpc_channel_credentials_find_in_args(args);
-  GPR_ASSERT(channel_credentials != nullptr);
-  RefCountedPtr<grpc_channel_credentials> creds_sans_call_creds =
-      channel_credentials->duplicate_without_call_credentials();
-  GPR_ASSERT(creds_sans_call_creds != nullptr);
-  // Channel args to add.
-  absl::InlinedVector<grpc_arg, 4> args_to_add = {
-      // The fake resolver response generator, which we use to inject
-      // address updates into the LB channel.
-      FakeResolverResponseGenerator::MakeChannelArg(response_generator),
+      .Remove(GRPC_ARG_CHANNEL_CREDENTIALS)
       // A channel arg indicating the target is a grpclb load balancer.
-      grpc_channel_arg_integer_create(
-          const_cast<char*>(GRPC_ARG_ADDRESS_IS_GRPCLB_LOAD_BALANCER), 1),
+      .Set(GRPC_ARG_ADDRESS_IS_GRPCLB_LOAD_BALANCER, 1)
       // Tells channelz that this is an internal channel.
-      grpc_channel_arg_integer_create(
-          const_cast<char*>(GRPC_ARG_CHANNELZ_IS_INTERNAL_CHANNEL), 1),
+      .Set(GRPC_ARG_CHANNELZ_IS_INTERNAL_CHANNEL, 1)
       // A channel args for new channel credentials that does not contain bearer
       // tokens.
-      grpc_channel_credentials_to_arg(creds_sans_call_creds.get()),
-  };
-  return grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add_and_remove(
-      args, args_to_remove, GPR_ARRAY_SIZE(args_to_remove), args_to_add.data(),
-      args_to_add.size());
+      .SetObject(creds_sans_call_creds)
+      // The fake resolver response generator, which we use to inject
+      // address updates into the LB channel.
+      .SetObject(response_generator->Ref());
 }
 
 //
 // ctor and dtor
 //
 
-std::string GetServerNameFromChannelArgs(const grpc_channel_args* args) {
-  const char* server_uri =
-      grpc_channel_args_find_string(args, GRPC_ARG_SERVER_URI);
-  GPR_ASSERT(server_uri != nullptr);
-  absl::StatusOr<URI> uri = URI::Parse(server_uri);
+std::string GetServerNameFromChannelArgs(const ChannelArgs& args) {
+  absl::StatusOr<URI> uri =
+      URI::Parse(args.GetString(GRPC_ARG_SERVER_URI).value());
   GPR_ASSERT(uri.ok() && !uri->path().empty());
   return std::string(absl::StripPrefix(uri->path(), "/"));
 }
 
 GrpcLb::GrpcLb(Args args)
     : LoadBalancingPolicy(std::move(args)),
-      server_name_(GetServerNameFromChannelArgs(args.args)),
+      server_name_(GetServerNameFromChannelArgs(channel_args())),
       response_generator_(MakeRefCounted<FakeResolverResponseGenerator>()),
-      lb_call_timeout_(Duration::Milliseconds(grpc_channel_args_find_integer(
-          args.args, GRPC_ARG_GRPCLB_CALL_TIMEOUT_MS, {0, 0, INT_MAX}))),
+      lb_call_timeout_(std::max(
+          Duration::Zero(),
+          channel_args()
+              .GetDurationFromIntMillis(GRPC_ARG_GRPCLB_CALL_TIMEOUT_MS)
+              .value_or(Duration::Zero()))),
       lb_call_backoff_(
           BackOff::Options()
               .set_initial_backoff(Duration::Seconds(
@@ -1417,15 +1435,19 @@ GrpcLb::GrpcLb(Args args)
               .set_jitter(GRPC_GRPCLB_RECONNECT_JITTER)
               .set_max_backoff(Duration::Seconds(
                   GRPC_GRPCLB_RECONNECT_MAX_BACKOFF_SECONDS))),
-      fallback_at_startup_timeout_(
-          Duration::Milliseconds(grpc_channel_args_find_integer(
-              args.args, GRPC_ARG_GRPCLB_FALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS,
-              {GRPC_GRPCLB_DEFAULT_FALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS, 0, INT_MAX}))),
-      subchannel_cache_interval_(
-          Duration::Milliseconds(grpc_channel_args_find_integer(
-              args.args, GRPC_ARG_GRPCLB_SUBCHANNEL_CACHE_INTERVAL_MS,
-              {GRPC_GRPCLB_DEFAULT_SUBCHANNEL_DELETION_DELAY_MS, 0,
-               INT_MAX}))) {
+      fallback_at_startup_timeout_(std::max(
+          Duration::Zero(),
+          channel_args()
+              .GetDurationFromIntMillis(GRPC_ARG_GRPCLB_FALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS)
+              .value_or(Duration::Milliseconds(
+                  GRPC_GRPCLB_DEFAULT_FALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS)))),
+      subchannel_cache_interval_(std::max(
+          Duration::Zero(),
+          channel_args()
+              .GetDurationFromIntMillis(
+                  GRPC_ARG_GRPCLB_SUBCHANNEL_CACHE_INTERVAL_MS)
+              .value_or(Duration::Milliseconds(
+                  GRPC_GRPCLB_DEFAULT_SUBCHANNEL_DELETION_DELAY_MS)))) {
   if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
     gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
             "[grpclb %p] Will use '%s' as the server name for LB request.",
@@ -1440,8 +1462,6 @@ GrpcLb::GrpcLb(Args args)
                     nullptr);
 }
 
-GrpcLb::~GrpcLb() { grpc_channel_args_destroy(args_); }
-
 void GrpcLb::ShutdownLocked() {
   shutting_down_ = true;
   lb_calld_.reset();
@@ -1508,7 +1528,7 @@ void GrpcLb::UpdateLocked(UpdateArgs args) {
   }
   resolution_note_ = std::move(args.resolution_note);
   // Update balancer channel.
-  UpdateBalancerChannelLocked(*args.args);
+  UpdateBalancerChannelLocked(args.args);
   // Update the existing child policy, if any.
   if (child_policy_ != nullptr) CreateOrUpdateChildPolicyLocked();
   // If this is the initial update, start the fallback-at-startup checks
@@ -1539,37 +1559,28 @@ void GrpcLb::UpdateLocked(UpdateArgs args) {
 // helpers for UpdateLocked()
 //
 
-void GrpcLb::UpdateBalancerChannelLocked(const grpc_channel_args& args) {
+void GrpcLb::UpdateBalancerChannelLocked(const ChannelArgs& args) {
   // Make sure that GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME is set in channel args,
   // since we use this to trigger the client_load_reporting filter.
-  static const char* args_to_remove[] = {GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME};
-  grpc_arg new_arg = grpc_channel_arg_string_create(
-      const_cast<char*>(GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME), const_cast<char*>("grpclb"));
-  grpc_channel_args_destroy(args_);
-  args_ = grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add_and_remove(
-      &args, args_to_remove, GPR_ARRAY_SIZE(args_to_remove), &new_arg, 1);
+  args_ = args.Set(GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME, "grpclb");
   // Construct args for balancer channel.
   ServerAddressList balancer_addresses = ExtractBalancerAddresses(args);
-  grpc_channel_args* lb_channel_args =
-      BuildBalancerChannelArgs(response_generator_.get(), &args);
+  ChannelArgs lb_channel_args =
+      BuildBalancerChannelArgs(response_generator_.get(), args);
   // Create balancer channel if needed.
   if (lb_channel_ == nullptr) {
     std::string uri_str = absl::StrCat("fake:///", server_name_);
-    grpc_channel_credentials* creds =
-        grpc_channel_credentials_find_in_args(lb_channel_args);
+    auto* creds = lb_channel_args.GetObject<grpc_channel_credentials>();
     GPR_ASSERT(creds != nullptr);
-    const char* arg_to_remove = GRPC_ARG_CHANNEL_CREDENTIALS;
-    grpc_channel_args* new_args =
-        grpc_channel_args_copy_and_remove(lb_channel_args, &arg_to_remove, 1);
-    lb_channel_ = grpc_channel_create(uri_str.c_str(), creds, new_args);
+    lb_channel_ = grpc_channel_create(
+        uri_str.c_str(), creds,
+        lb_channel_args.Remove(GRPC_ARG_CHANNEL_CREDENTIALS).ToC().get());
     GPR_ASSERT(lb_channel_ != nullptr);
-    grpc_channel_args_destroy(new_args);
     // Set up channelz linkage.
     channelz::ChannelNode* child_channelz_node =
         grpc_channel_get_channelz_node(lb_channel_);
     channelz::ChannelNode* parent_channelz_node =
-        grpc_channel_args_find_pointer<channelz::ChannelNode>(
-            &args, GRPC_ARG_CHANNELZ_CHANNEL_NODE);
+        args.GetObject<channelz::ChannelNode>();
     if (child_channelz_node != nullptr && parent_channelz_node != nullptr) {
       parent_channelz_node->AddChildChannel(child_channelz_node->uuid());
       parent_channelz_node_ = parent_channelz_node->Ref();
@@ -1642,7 +1653,7 @@ void GrpcLb::OnBalancerCallRetryTimer(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error) {
 
 void GrpcLb::OnBalancerCallRetryTimerLocked(grpc_error_handle error) {
   retry_timer_callback_pending_ = false;
-  if (!shutting_down_ && error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE && lb_calld_ == nullptr) {
+  if (!shutting_down_ && GRPC_ERROR_IS_NONE(error) && lb_calld_ == nullptr) {
     if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
       gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "[grpclb %p] Restarting call to LB server", this);
     }
@@ -1686,7 +1697,7 @@ void GrpcLb::OnFallbackTimerLocked(grpc_error_handle error) {
   // If we receive a serverlist after the timer fires but before this callback
   // actually runs, don't fall back.
   if (fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_ && !shutting_down_ &&
-      error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+      GRPC_ERROR_IS_NONE(error)) {
     gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
             "[grpclb %p] No response from balancer after fallback timeout; "
             "entering fallback mode",
@@ -1704,22 +1715,19 @@ void GrpcLb::OnFallbackTimerLocked(grpc_error_handle error) {
 // code for interacting with the child policy
 //
 
-grpc_channel_args* GrpcLb::CreateChildPolicyArgsLocked(
+ChannelArgs GrpcLb::CreateChildPolicyArgsLocked(
     bool is_backend_from_grpclb_load_balancer) {
-  absl::InlinedVector<grpc_arg, 2> args_to_add;
-  args_to_add.emplace_back(grpc_channel_arg_integer_create(
-      const_cast<char*>(GRPC_ARG_ADDRESS_IS_BACKEND_FROM_GRPCLB_LOAD_BALANCER),
-      is_backend_from_grpclb_load_balancer));
+  ChannelArgs r =
+      args_.Set(GRPC_ARG_ADDRESS_IS_BACKEND_FROM_GRPCLB_LOAD_BALANCER,
+                is_backend_from_grpclb_load_balancer);
   if (is_backend_from_grpclb_load_balancer) {
-    args_to_add.emplace_back(grpc_channel_arg_integer_create(
-        const_cast<char*>(GRPC_ARG_INHIBIT_HEALTH_CHECKING), 1));
+    r = r.Set(GRPC_ARG_INHIBIT_HEALTH_CHECKING, 1);
   }
-  return grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add(args_, args_to_add.data(),
-                                        args_to_add.size());
+  return r;
 }
 
 OrphanablePtr<LoadBalancingPolicy> GrpcLb::CreateChildPolicyLocked(
-    const grpc_channel_args* args) {
+    const ChannelArgs& args) {
   LoadBalancingPolicy::Args lb_policy_args;
   lb_policy_args.work_serializer = work_serializer();
   lb_policy_args.args = args;
@@ -1763,7 +1771,7 @@ void GrpcLb::CreateOrUpdateChildPolicyLocked() {
   }
   update_args.args =
       CreateChildPolicyArgsLocked(is_backend_from_grpclb_load_balancer);
-  GPR_ASSERT(update_args.args != nullptr);
+  GPR_ASSERT(update_args.args != ChannelArgs());
   update_args.config = config_->child_policy();
   // Create child policy if needed.
   if (child_policy_ == nullptr) {
@@ -1807,7 +1815,7 @@ void GrpcLb::OnSubchannelCacheTimer(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error) {
 }
 
 void GrpcLb::OnSubchannelCacheTimerLocked(grpc_error_handle error) {
-  if (subchannel_cache_timer_pending_ && error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+  if (subchannel_cache_timer_pending_ && GRPC_ERROR_IS_NONE(error)) {
     auto it = cached_subchannels_.begin();
     if (it != cached_subchannels_.end()) {
       if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
@@ -1838,28 +1846,27 @@ class GrpcLbFactory : public LoadBalancingPolicyFactory {
     return MakeOrphanable<GrpcLb>(std::move(args));
   }
 
-  const char* name() const override { return kGrpclb; }
+  absl::string_view name() const override { return kGrpclb; }
 
-  RefCountedPtr<LoadBalancingPolicy::Config> ParseLoadBalancingConfig(
-      const Json& json, grpc_error_handle* error) const override {
-    GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(error != nullptr && *error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+  absl::StatusOr<RefCountedPtr<LoadBalancingPolicy::Config>>
+  ParseLoadBalancingConfig(const Json& json) const override {
     if (json.type() == Json::Type::JSON_NULL) {
       return MakeRefCounted<GrpcLbConfig>(nullptr, "");
     }
-    std::vector<grpc_error_handle> error_list;
-    Json child_policy_config_json_tmp;
-    const Json* child_policy_config_json;
+    std::vector<std::string> error_list;
     std::string service_name;
     auto it = json.object_value().find("serviceName");
     if (it != json.object_value().end()) {
       const Json& service_name_json = it->second;
       if (service_name_json.type() != Json::Type::STRING) {
-        error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
-            "field:serviceName error:type should be string"));
+        error_list.emplace_back(
+            "field:serviceName error:type should be string");
       } else {
         service_name = service_name_json.string_value();
       }
     }
+    Json child_policy_config_json_tmp;
+    const Json* child_policy_config_json;
     it = json.object_value().find("childPolicy");
     if (it == json.object_value().end()) {
       child_policy_config_json_tmp = Json::Array{Json::Object{
@@ -1869,22 +1876,21 @@ class GrpcLbFactory : public LoadBalancingPolicyFactory {
     } else {
       child_policy_config_json = &it->second;
     }
-    grpc_error_handle parse_error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
-    RefCountedPtr<LoadBalancingPolicy::Config> child_policy_config =
+    auto child_policy_config =
         LoadBalancingPolicyRegistry::ParseLoadBalancingConfig(
-            *child_policy_config_json, &parse_error);
-    if (parse_error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
-      std::vector<grpc_error_handle> child_errors;
-      child_errors.push_back(parse_error);
-      error_list.push_back(
-          GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_VECTOR("field:childPolicy", &child_errors));
+            *child_policy_config_json);
+    if (!child_policy_config.ok()) {
+      error_list.emplace_back(
+          absl::StrCat("error parsing childPolicy field: ",
+                       child_policy_config.status().message()));
     }
     if (error_list.empty()) {
-      return MakeRefCounted<GrpcLbConfig>(std::move(child_policy_config),
+      return MakeRefCounted<GrpcLbConfig>(std::move(*child_policy_config),
                                           std::move(service_name));
     } else {
-      *error = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_VECTOR("GrpcLb Parser", &error_list);
-      return nullptr;
+      return absl::InvalidArgumentError(
+          absl::StrCat("errors parsing grpclb LB policy config: [",
+                       absl::StrJoin(error_list, "; "), "]"));
     }
   }
 };