google-cloud-bigquery 1.31.0 → 1.32.0

checksums.yaml

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data/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,5 +1,22 @@
 # Release History
 
+### 1.32.0 / 2021-06-21
+
+#### Features
+
+* Add support for Parquet options
+  * feat(bigquery): Add Bigquery::External::ParquetSource
+  * Add Parquet options to LoadJob
+    * Add LoadJob#parquet_options?
+    * Add LoadJob#parquet_enable_list_inference?
+    * Add LoadJob#parquet_enum_as_string?
+    * Add LoadJob::Updater#parquet_enable_list_inference=
+    * Add LoadJob::Updater#parquet_enum_as_string=
+
+#### Bug Fixes
+
+* Expand googleauth dependency to support future 1.x versions
+
 ### 1.31.0 / 2021-04-28
 
 #### Features

data/lib/google/cloud/bigquery/external.rb

@@ -13,8 +13,12 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 
 
-require "google/apis/bigquery_v2"
-require "base64"
+require "google/cloud/bigquery/external/data_source"
+require "google/cloud/bigquery/external/bigtable_source"
+require "google/cloud/bigquery/external/csv_source"
+require "google/cloud/bigquery/external/json_source"
+require "google/cloud/bigquery/external/parquet_source"
+require "google/cloud/bigquery/external/sheets_source"
 
 module Google
   module Cloud
@@ -114,6 +118,7 @@ module Google
           Array(urls).each do |url|
             return "CSV" if url.end_with? ".csv"
             return "NEWLINE_DELIMITED_JSON" if url.end_with? ".json"
+            return "PARQUET" if url.end_with? ".parquet"
             return "AVRO" if url.end_with? ".avro"
             return "DATASTORE_BACKUP" if url.end_with? ".backup_info"
             return "GOOGLE_SHEETS" if url.start_with? "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/"
@@ -128,2629 +133,14 @@ module Google
           case format
           when "CSV"                    then External::CsvSource
           when "NEWLINE_DELIMITED_JSON" then External::JsonSource
+          when "PARQUET"                then External::ParquetSource
           when "GOOGLE_SHEETS"          then External::SheetsSource
           when "BIGTABLE"               then External::BigtableSource
           else
-            # AVRO, DATASTORE_BACKUP, PARQUET
+            # AVRO, DATASTORE_BACKUP
             External::DataSource
           end
         end
-
-        ##
-        # # DataSource
-        #
-        # External::DataSource and its subclasses represents an external data
-        # source that can be queried from directly, even though the data is not
-        # stored in BigQuery. Instead of loading or streaming the data, this
-        # object references the external data source.
-        #
-        # The AVRO and Datastore Backup formats use {External::DataSource}. See
-        # {External::CsvSource}, {External::JsonSource},
-        # {External::SheetsSource}, {External::BigtableSource} for the other
-        # formats.
-        #
-        # @example
-        #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-        #
-        #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-        #
-        #   avro_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.avro"
-        #   avro_table = bigquery.external avro_url do |avro|
-        #     avro.autodetect = true
-        #   end
-        #
-        #   data = bigquery.query "SELECT * FROM my_ext_table",
-        #                         external: { my_ext_table: avro_table }
-        #
-        #   # Iterate over the first page of results
-        #   data.each do |row|
-        #     puts row[:name]
-        #   end
-        #   # Retrieve the next page of results
-        #   data = data.next if data.next?
-        #
-        # @example Hive partitioning options:
-        #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-        #
-        #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-        #
-        #   gcs_uri = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/*"
-        #   source_uri_prefix = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/"
-        #   external_data = bigquery.external gcs_uri, format: :parquet do |ext|
-        #     ext.hive_partitioning_mode = :auto
-        #     ext.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter = true
-        #     ext.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix = source_uri_prefix
-        #   end
-        #
-        #   external_data.hive_partitioning? #=> true
-        #   external_data.hive_partitioning_mode #=> "AUTO"
-        #   external_data.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter? #=> true
-        #   external_data.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix #=> source_uri_prefix
-        #
-        class DataSource
-          ##
-          # @private The Google API Client object.
-          attr_accessor :gapi
-
-          ##
-          # @private Create an empty Table object.
-          def initialize
-            @gapi = Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::ExternalDataConfiguration.new
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The data format. For CSV files, specify "CSV". For Google sheets,
-          # specify "GOOGLE_SHEETS". For newline-delimited JSON, specify
-          # "NEWLINE_DELIMITED_JSON". For Avro files, specify "AVRO". For Google
-          # Cloud Datastore backups, specify "DATASTORE_BACKUP". [Beta] For
-          # Google Cloud Bigtable, specify "BIGTABLE".
-          #
-          # @return [String]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url
-          #
-          #   csv_table.format #=> "CSV"
-          #
-          def format
-            @gapi.source_format
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Whether the data format is "CSV".
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url
-          #
-          #   csv_table.format #=> "CSV"
-          #   csv_table.csv? #=> true
-          #
-          def csv?
-            @gapi.source_format == "CSV"
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Whether the data format is "NEWLINE_DELIMITED_JSON".
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   json_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.json"
-          #   json_table = bigquery.external json_url
-          #
-          #   json_table.format #=> "NEWLINE_DELIMITED_JSON"
-          #   json_table.json? #=> true
-          #
-          def json?
-            @gapi.source_format == "NEWLINE_DELIMITED_JSON"
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Whether the data format is "GOOGLE_SHEETS".
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   sheets_url = "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1234567980"
-          #   sheets_table = bigquery.external sheets_url
-          #
-          #   sheets_table.format #=> "GOOGLE_SHEETS"
-          #   sheets_table.sheets? #=> true
-          #
-          def sheets?
-            @gapi.source_format == "GOOGLE_SHEETS"
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Whether the data format is "AVRO".
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   avro_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.avro"
-          #   avro_table = bigquery.external avro_url
-          #
-          #   avro_table.format #=> "AVRO"
-          #   avro_table.avro? #=> true
-          #
-          def avro?
-            @gapi.source_format == "AVRO"
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Whether the data format is "DATASTORE_BACKUP".
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   backup_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.backup_info"
-          #   backup_table = bigquery.external backup_url
-          #
-          #   backup_table.format #=> "DATASTORE_BACKUP"
-          #   backup_table.backup? #=> true
-          #
-          def backup?
-            @gapi.source_format == "DATASTORE_BACKUP"
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Whether the data format is "BIGTABLE".
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-          #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url
-          #
-          #   bigtable_table.format #=> "BIGTABLE"
-          #   bigtable_table.bigtable? #=> true
-          #
-          def bigtable?
-            @gapi.source_format == "BIGTABLE"
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Whether the data format is "ORC".
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   gcs_uri = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/*"
-          #   source_uri_prefix = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/"
-          #   external_data = bigquery.external gcs_uri, format: :orc do |ext|
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_mode = :auto
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix = source_uri_prefix
-          #   end
-          #   external_data.format #=> "ORC"
-          #   external_data.orc? #=> true
-          #
-          def orc?
-            @gapi.source_format == "ORC"
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Whether the data format is "PARQUET".
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   gcs_uri = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/*"
-          #   source_uri_prefix = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/"
-          #   external_data = bigquery.external gcs_uri, format: :parquet do |ext|
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_mode = :auto
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix = source_uri_prefix
-          #   end
-          #   external_data.format #=> "PARQUET"
-          #   external_data.parquet? #=> true
-          #
-          def parquet?
-            @gapi.source_format == "PARQUET"
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The fully-qualified URIs that point to your data in Google Cloud.
-          # For Google Cloud Storage URIs: Each URI can contain one '*' wildcard
-          # character and it must come after the 'bucket' name. Size limits
-          # related to load jobs apply to external data sources. For Google
-          # Cloud Bigtable URIs: Exactly one URI can be specified and it has be
-          # a fully specified and valid HTTPS URL for a Google Cloud Bigtable
-          # table. For Google Cloud Datastore backups, exactly one URI can be
-          # specified, and it must end with '.backup_info'. Also, the '*'
-          # wildcard character is not allowed.
-          #
-          # @return [Array<String>]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url
-          #
-          #   csv_table.urls #=> ["gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"]
-          #
-          def urls
-            @gapi.source_uris
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Indicates if the schema and format options are detected
-          # automatically.
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.autodetect = true
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.autodetect #=> true
-          #
-          def autodetect
-            @gapi.autodetect
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set whether to detect schema and format options automatically. Any
-          # option specified explicitly will be honored.
-          #
-          # @param [Boolean] new_autodetect New autodetect value
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.autodetect = true
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.autodetect #=> true
-          #
-          def autodetect= new_autodetect
-            frozen_check!
-            @gapi.autodetect = new_autodetect
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The compression type of the data source. Possible values include
-          # `"GZIP"` and `nil`. The default value is `nil`. This setting is
-          # ignored for Google Cloud Bigtable, Google Cloud Datastore backups
-          # and Avro formats. Optional.
-          #
-          # @return [String]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.compression = "GZIP"
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.compression #=> "GZIP"
-          def compression
-            @gapi.compression
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set the compression type of the data source. Possible values include
-          # `"GZIP"` and `nil`. The default value is `nil`. This setting is
-          # ignored for Google Cloud Bigtable, Google Cloud Datastore backups
-          # and Avro formats. Optional.
-          #
-          # @param [String] new_compression New compression value
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.compression = "GZIP"
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.compression #=> "GZIP"
-          #
-          def compression= new_compression
-            frozen_check!
-            @gapi.compression = new_compression
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Indicates if BigQuery should allow extra values that are not
-          # represented in the table schema. If `true`, the extra values are
-          # ignored. If `false`, records with extra columns are treated as bad
-          # records, and if there are too many bad records, an invalid error is
-          # returned in the job result. The default value is `false`.
-          #
-          # BigQuery treats trailing columns as an extra in `CSV`, named values
-          # that don't match any column names in `JSON`. This setting is ignored
-          # for Google Cloud Bigtable, Google Cloud Datastore backups and Avro
-          # formats. Optional.
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.ignore_unknown = true
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.ignore_unknown #=> true
-          #
-          def ignore_unknown
-            @gapi.ignore_unknown_values
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set whether BigQuery should allow extra values that are not
-          # represented in the table schema. If `true`, the extra values are
-          # ignored. If `false`, records with extra columns are treated as bad
-          # records, and if there are too many bad records, an invalid error is
-          # returned in the job result. The default value is `false`.
-          #
-          # BigQuery treats trailing columns as an extra in `CSV`, named values
-          # that don't match any column names in `JSON`. This setting is ignored
-          # for Google Cloud Bigtable, Google Cloud Datastore backups and Avro
-          # formats. Optional.
-          #
-          # @param [Boolean] new_ignore_unknown New ignore_unknown value
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.ignore_unknown = true
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.ignore_unknown #=> true
-          #
-          def ignore_unknown= new_ignore_unknown
-            frozen_check!
-            @gapi.ignore_unknown_values = new_ignore_unknown
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The maximum number of bad records that BigQuery can ignore when
-          # reading data. If the number of bad records exceeds this value, an
-          # invalid error is returned in the job result. The default value is 0,
-          # which requires that all records are valid. This setting is ignored
-          # for Google Cloud Bigtable, Google Cloud Datastore backups and Avro
-          # formats.
-          #
-          # @return [Integer]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.max_bad_records = 10
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.max_bad_records #=> 10
-          #
-          def max_bad_records
-            @gapi.max_bad_records
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set the maximum number of bad records that BigQuery can ignore when
-          # reading data. If the number of bad records exceeds this value, an
-          # invalid error is returned in the job result. The default value is 0,
-          # which requires that all records are valid. This setting is ignored
-          # for Google Cloud Bigtable, Google Cloud Datastore backups and Avro
-          # formats.
-          #
-          # @param [Integer] new_max_bad_records New max_bad_records value
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.max_bad_records = 10
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.max_bad_records #=> 10
-          #
-          def max_bad_records= new_max_bad_records
-            frozen_check!
-            @gapi.max_bad_records = new_max_bad_records
-          end
-
-          ###
-          # Checks if hive partitioning options are set.
-          #
-          # Not all storage formats support hive partitioning. Requesting hive partitioning on an unsupported format
-          # will lead to an error. Currently supported types include: `avro`, `csv`, `json`, `orc` and `parquet`.
-          # If your data is stored in ORC or Parquet on Cloud Storage, see [Querying columnar formats on Cloud
-          # Storage](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/pricing#columnar_formats_pricing).
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean] `true` when hive partitioning options are set, or `false` otherwise.
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   gcs_uri = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/*"
-          #   source_uri_prefix = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/"
-          #   external_data = bigquery.external gcs_uri, format: :parquet do |ext|
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_mode = :auto
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter = true
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix = source_uri_prefix
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning? #=> true
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_mode #=> "AUTO"
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter? #=> true
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix #=> source_uri_prefix
-          #
-          def hive_partitioning?
-            !@gapi.hive_partitioning_options.nil?
-          end
-
-          ###
-          # The mode of hive partitioning to use when reading data. The following modes are supported:
-          #
-          #   1. `AUTO`: automatically infer partition key name(s) and type(s).
-          #   2. `STRINGS`: automatically infer partition key name(s). All types are interpreted as strings.
-          #   3. `CUSTOM`: partition key schema is encoded in the source URI prefix.
-          #
-          # @return [String, nil] The mode of hive partitioning, or `nil` if not set.
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   gcs_uri = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/*"
-          #   source_uri_prefix = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/"
-          #   external_data = bigquery.external gcs_uri, format: :parquet do |ext|
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_mode = :auto
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter = true
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix = source_uri_prefix
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning? #=> true
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_mode #=> "AUTO"
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter? #=> true
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix #=> source_uri_prefix
-          #
-          def hive_partitioning_mode
-            @gapi.hive_partitioning_options.mode if hive_partitioning?
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Sets the mode of hive partitioning to use when reading data. The following modes are supported:
-          #
-          #   1. `auto`: automatically infer partition key name(s) and type(s).
-          #   2. `strings`: automatically infer partition key name(s). All types are interpreted as strings.
-          #   3. `custom`: partition key schema is encoded in the source URI prefix.
-          #
-          # Not all storage formats support hive partitioning. Requesting hive partitioning on an unsupported format
-          # will lead to an error. Currently supported types include: `avro`, `csv`, `json`, `orc` and `parquet`.
-          # If your data is stored in ORC or Parquet on Cloud Storage, see [Querying columnar formats on Cloud
-          # Storage](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/pricing#columnar_formats_pricing).
-          #
-          # See {#format}, {#hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter=} and {#hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix=}.
-          #
-          # @param [String, Symbol] mode The mode of hive partitioning to use when reading data.
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   gcs_uri = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/*"
-          #   source_uri_prefix = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/"
-          #   external_data = bigquery.external gcs_uri, format: :parquet do |ext|
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_mode = :auto
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter = true
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix = source_uri_prefix
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning? #=> true
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_mode #=> "AUTO"
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter? #=> true
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix #=> source_uri_prefix
-          #
-          def hive_partitioning_mode= mode
-            @gapi.hive_partitioning_options ||= Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::HivePartitioningOptions.new
-            @gapi.hive_partitioning_options.mode = mode.to_s.upcase
-          end
-
-          ###
-          # Whether queries over the table using this external data source require a partition filter that can be used
-          # for partition elimination to be specified. Note that this field should only be true when creating a
-          # permanent external table or querying a temporary external table.
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean] `true` when queries over this table require a partition filter, or `false` otherwise.
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   gcs_uri = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/*"
-          #   source_uri_prefix = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/"
-          #   external_data = bigquery.external gcs_uri, format: :parquet do |ext|
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_mode = :auto
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter = true
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix = source_uri_prefix
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning? #=> true
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_mode #=> "AUTO"
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter? #=> true
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix #=> source_uri_prefix
-          #
-          def hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter?
-            return false unless hive_partitioning?
-            !@gapi.hive_partitioning_options.require_partition_filter.nil?
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Sets whether queries over the table using this external data source require a partition filter
-          # that can be used for partition elimination to be specified.
-          #
-          # See {#format}, {#hive_partitioning_mode=} and {#hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix=}.
-          #
-          # @param [Boolean] require_partition_filter `true` if a partition filter must be specified, `false` otherwise.
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   gcs_uri = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/*"
-          #   source_uri_prefix = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/"
-          #   external_data = bigquery.external gcs_uri, format: :parquet do |ext|
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_mode = :auto
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter = true
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix = source_uri_prefix
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning? #=> true
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_mode #=> "AUTO"
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter? #=> true
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix #=> source_uri_prefix
-          #
-          def hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter= require_partition_filter
-            @gapi.hive_partitioning_options ||= Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::HivePartitioningOptions.new
-            @gapi.hive_partitioning_options.require_partition_filter = require_partition_filter
-          end
-
-          ###
-          # The common prefix for all source uris when hive partition detection is requested. The prefix must end
-          # immediately before the partition key encoding begins. For example, consider files following this data
-          # layout:
-          #
-          # ```
-          # gs://bucket/path_to_table/dt=2019-01-01/country=BR/id=7/file.avro
-          # gs://bucket/path_to_table/dt=2018-12-31/country=CA/id=3/file.avro
-          # ```
-          #
-          # When hive partitioning is requested with either `AUTO` or `STRINGS` mode, the common prefix can be either of
-          # `gs://bucket/path_to_table` or `gs://bucket/path_to_table/` (trailing slash does not matter).
-          #
-          # @return [String, nil] The common prefix for all source uris, or `nil` if not set.
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   gcs_uri = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/*"
-          #   source_uri_prefix = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/"
-          #   external_data = bigquery.external gcs_uri, format: :parquet do |ext|
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_mode = :auto
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter = true
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix = source_uri_prefix
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning? #=> true
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_mode #=> "AUTO"
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter? #=> true
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix #=> source_uri_prefix
-          #
-          def hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix
-            @gapi.hive_partitioning_options.source_uri_prefix if hive_partitioning?
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Sets the common prefix for all source uris when hive partition detection is requested. The prefix must end
-          # immediately before the partition key encoding begins. For example, consider files following this data
-          # layout:
-          #
-          # ```
-          # gs://bucket/path_to_table/dt=2019-01-01/country=BR/id=7/file.avro
-          # gs://bucket/path_to_table/dt=2018-12-31/country=CA/id=3/file.avro
-          # ```
-          #
-          # When hive partitioning is requested with either `AUTO` or `STRINGS` mode, the common prefix can be either of
-          # `gs://bucket/path_to_table` or `gs://bucket/path_to_table/` (trailing slash does not matter).
-          #
-          # See {#format}, {#hive_partitioning_mode=} and {#hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter=}.
-          #
-          # @param [String] source_uri_prefix The common prefix for all source uris.
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   gcs_uri = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/*"
-          #   source_uri_prefix = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/hive-partitioning-samples/autolayout/"
-          #   external_data = bigquery.external gcs_uri, format: :parquet do |ext|
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_mode = :auto
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter = true
-          #     ext.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix = source_uri_prefix
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning? #=> true
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_mode #=> "AUTO"
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_require_partition_filter? #=> true
-          #   external_data.hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix #=> source_uri_prefix
-          #
-          def hive_partitioning_source_uri_prefix= source_uri_prefix
-            @gapi.hive_partitioning_options ||= Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::HivePartitioningOptions.new
-            @gapi.hive_partitioning_options.source_uri_prefix = source_uri_prefix
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # @private Google API Client object.
-          def to_gapi
-            @gapi
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # @private Google API Client object.
-          def self.from_gapi gapi
-            new_table = new
-            new_table.instance_variable_set :@gapi, gapi
-            new_table
-          end
-
-          protected
-
-          def frozen_check!
-            return unless frozen?
-            raise ArgumentError, "Cannot modify external data source when frozen"
-          end
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # # CsvSource
-        #
-        # {External::CsvSource} is a subclass of {External::DataSource} and
-        # represents a CSV external data source that can be queried from
-        # directly, such as Google Cloud Storage or Google Drive, even though
-        # the data is not stored in BigQuery. Instead of loading or streaming
-        # the data, this object references the external data source.
-        #
-        # @example
-        #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-        #
-        #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-        #
-        #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-        #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-        #     csv.autodetect = true
-        #     csv.skip_leading_rows = 1
-        #   end
-        #
-        #   data = bigquery.query "SELECT * FROM my_ext_table",
-        #                         external: { my_ext_table: csv_table }
-        #
-        #   # Iterate over the first page of results
-        #   data.each do |row|
-        #     puts row[:name]
-        #   end
-        #   # Retrieve the next page of results
-        #   data = data.next if data.next?
-        #
-        class CsvSource < External::DataSource
-          ##
-          # @private Create an empty CsvSource object.
-          def initialize
-            super
-            @gapi.csv_options = Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::CsvOptions.new
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Indicates if BigQuery should accept rows that are missing trailing
-          # optional columns.
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.jagged_rows = true
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.jagged_rows #=> true
-          #
-          def jagged_rows
-            @gapi.csv_options.allow_jagged_rows
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set whether BigQuery should accept rows that are missing trailing
-          # optional columns.
-          #
-          # @param [Boolean] new_jagged_rows New jagged_rows value
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.jagged_rows = true
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.jagged_rows #=> true
-          #
-          def jagged_rows= new_jagged_rows
-            frozen_check!
-            @gapi.csv_options.allow_jagged_rows = new_jagged_rows
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Indicates if BigQuery should allow quoted data sections that contain
-          # newline characters in a CSV file.
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.quoted_newlines = true
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.quoted_newlines #=> true
-          #
-          def quoted_newlines
-            @gapi.csv_options.allow_quoted_newlines
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set whether BigQuery should allow quoted data sections that contain
-          # newline characters in a CSV file.
-          #
-          # @param [Boolean] new_quoted_newlines New quoted_newlines value
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.quoted_newlines = true
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.quoted_newlines #=> true
-          #
-          def quoted_newlines= new_quoted_newlines
-            frozen_check!
-            @gapi.csv_options.allow_quoted_newlines = new_quoted_newlines
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The character encoding of the data.
-          #
-          # @return [String]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.encoding = "UTF-8"
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.encoding #=> "UTF-8"
-          #
-          def encoding
-            @gapi.csv_options.encoding
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set the character encoding of the data.
-          #
-          # @param [String] new_encoding New encoding value
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.encoding = "UTF-8"
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.encoding #=> "UTF-8"
-          #
-          def encoding= new_encoding
-            frozen_check!
-            @gapi.csv_options.encoding = new_encoding
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Checks if the character encoding of the data is "UTF-8". This is the
-          # default.
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.encoding = "UTF-8"
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.encoding #=> "UTF-8"
-          #   csv_table.utf8? #=> true
-          #
-          def utf8?
-            return true if encoding.nil?
-            encoding == "UTF-8"
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Checks if the character encoding of the data is "ISO-8859-1".
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.encoding = "ISO-8859-1"
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.encoding #=> "ISO-8859-1"
-          #   csv_table.iso8859_1? #=> true
-          #
-          def iso8859_1?
-            encoding == "ISO-8859-1"
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The separator for fields in a CSV file.
-          #
-          # @return [String]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.delimiter = "|"
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.delimiter #=> "|"
-          #
-          def delimiter
-            @gapi.csv_options.field_delimiter
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set the separator for fields in a CSV file.
-          #
-          # @param [String] new_delimiter New delimiter value
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.delimiter = "|"
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.delimiter #=> "|"
-          #
-          def delimiter= new_delimiter
-            frozen_check!
-            @gapi.csv_options.field_delimiter = new_delimiter
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The value that is used to quote data sections in a CSV file.
-          #
-          # @return [String]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.quote = "'"
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.quote #=> "'"
-          #
-          def quote
-            @gapi.csv_options.quote
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set the value that is used to quote data sections in a CSV file.
-          #
-          # @param [String] new_quote New quote value
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.quote = "'"
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.quote #=> "'"
-          #
-          def quote= new_quote
-            frozen_check!
-            @gapi.csv_options.quote = new_quote
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The number of rows at the top of a CSV file that BigQuery will skip
-          # when reading the data.
-          #
-          # @return [Integer]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.skip_leading_rows = 1
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.skip_leading_rows #=> 1
-          #
-          def skip_leading_rows
-            @gapi.csv_options.skip_leading_rows
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set the number of rows at the top of a CSV file that BigQuery will
-          # skip when reading the data.
-          #
-          # @param [Integer] row_count New skip_leading_rows value
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.skip_leading_rows = 1
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_table.skip_leading_rows #=> 1
-          #
-          def skip_leading_rows= row_count
-            frozen_check!
-            @gapi.csv_options.skip_leading_rows = row_count
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The schema for the data.
-          #
-          # @param [Boolean] replace Whether to replace the existing schema with
-          #   the new schema. If `true`, the fields will replace the existing
-          #   schema. If `false`, the fields will be added to the existing
-          #   schema. The default value is `false`.
-          # @yield [schema] a block for setting the schema
-          # @yieldparam [Schema] schema the object accepting the schema
-          #
-          # @return [Google::Cloud::Bigquery::Schema]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url do |csv|
-          #     csv.schema do |schema|
-          #       schema.string "name", mode: :required
-          #       schema.string "email", mode: :required
-          #       schema.integer "age", mode: :required
-          #       schema.boolean "active", mode: :required
-          #     end
-          #   end
-          #
-          def schema replace: false
-            @schema ||= Schema.from_gapi @gapi.schema
-            if replace
-              frozen_check!
-              @schema = Schema.from_gapi
-            end
-            @schema.freeze if frozen?
-            yield @schema if block_given?
-            @schema
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set the schema for the data.
-          #
-          # @param [Schema] new_schema The schema object.
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   csv_shema = bigquery.schema do |schema|
-          #     schema.string "name", mode: :required
-          #     schema.string "email", mode: :required
-          #     schema.integer "age", mode: :required
-          #     schema.boolean "active", mode: :required
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   csv_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.csv"
-          #   csv_table = bigquery.external csv_url
-          #   csv_table.schema = csv_shema
-          #
-          def schema= new_schema
-            frozen_check!
-            @schema = new_schema
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The fields of the schema.
-          #
-          # @return [Array<Schema::Field>] An array of field objects.
-          #
-          def fields
-            schema.fields
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The names of the columns in the schema.
-          #
-          # @return [Array<Symbol>] An array of column names.
-          #
-          def headers
-            schema.headers
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The types of the fields in the data in the schema, using the same
-          # format as the optional query parameter types.
-          #
-          # @return [Hash] A hash with field names as keys, and types as values.
-          #
-          def param_types
-            schema.param_types
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # @private Google API Client object.
-          def to_gapi
-            @gapi.schema = @schema.to_gapi if @schema
-            @gapi
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # @private Google API Client object.
-          def self.from_gapi gapi
-            new_table = super
-            schema = Schema.from_gapi gapi.schema
-            new_table.instance_variable_set :@schema, schema
-            new_table
-          end
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # # JsonSource
-        #
-        # {External::JsonSource} is a subclass of {External::DataSource} and
-        # represents a JSON external data source that can be queried from
-        # directly, such as Google Cloud Storage or Google Drive, even though
-        # the data is not stored in BigQuery. Instead of loading or streaming
-        # the data, this object references the external data source.
-        #
-        # @example
-        #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-        #
-        #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-        #
-        #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-        #
-        #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-        #
-        #   json_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.json"
-        #   json_table = bigquery.external json_url do |json|
-        #     json.schema do |schema|
-        #       schema.string "name", mode: :required
-        #       schema.string "email", mode: :required
-        #       schema.integer "age", mode: :required
-        #       schema.boolean "active", mode: :required
-        #     end
-        #   end
-        #
-        #   data = bigquery.query "SELECT * FROM my_ext_table",
-        #                         external: { my_ext_table: json_table }
-        #
-        #   # Iterate over the first page of results
-        #   data.each do |row|
-        #     puts row[:name]
-        #   end
-        #   # Retrieve the next page of results
-        #   data = data.next if data.next?
-        #
-        class JsonSource < External::DataSource
-          ##
-          # The schema for the data.
-          #
-          # @param [Boolean] replace Whether to replace the existing schema with
-          #   the new schema. If `true`, the fields will replace the existing
-          #   schema. If `false`, the fields will be added to the existing
-          #   schema. The default value is `false`.
-          # @yield [schema] a block for setting the schema
-          # @yieldparam [Schema] schema the object accepting the schema
-          #
-          # @return [Google::Cloud::Bigquery::Schema]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   json_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.json"
-          #   json_table = bigquery.external json_url do |json|
-          #     json.schema do |schema|
-          #       schema.string "name", mode: :required
-          #       schema.string "email", mode: :required
-          #       schema.integer "age", mode: :required
-          #       schema.boolean "active", mode: :required
-          #     end
-          #   end
-          #
-          def schema replace: false
-            @schema ||= Schema.from_gapi @gapi.schema
-            if replace
-              frozen_check!
-              @schema = Schema.from_gapi
-            end
-            @schema.freeze if frozen?
-            yield @schema if block_given?
-            @schema
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set the schema for the data.
-          #
-          # @param [Schema] new_schema The schema object.
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   json_shema = bigquery.schema do |schema|
-          #     schema.string "name", mode: :required
-          #     schema.string "email", mode: :required
-          #     schema.integer "age", mode: :required
-          #     schema.boolean "active", mode: :required
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   json_url = "gs://bucket/path/to/data.json"
-          #   json_table = bigquery.external json_url
-          #   json_table.schema = json_shema
-          #
-          def schema= new_schema
-            frozen_check!
-            @schema = new_schema
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The fields of the schema.
-          #
-          # @return [Array<Schema::Field>] An array of field objects.
-          #
-          def fields
-            schema.fields
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The names of the columns in the schema.
-          #
-          # @return [Array<Symbol>] An array of column names.
-          #
-          def headers
-            schema.headers
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The types of the fields in the data in the schema, using the same
-          # format as the optional query parameter types.
-          #
-          # @return [Hash] A hash with field names as keys, and types as values.
-          #
-          def param_types
-            schema.param_types
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # @private Google API Client object.
-          def to_gapi
-            @gapi.schema = @schema.to_gapi if @schema
-            @gapi
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # @private Google API Client object.
-          def self.from_gapi gapi
-            new_table = super
-            schema = Schema.from_gapi gapi.schema
-            new_table.instance_variable_set :@schema, schema
-            new_table
-          end
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # # SheetsSource
-        #
-        # {External::SheetsSource} is a subclass of {External::DataSource} and
-        # represents a Google Sheets external data source that can be queried
-        # from directly, even though the data is not stored in BigQuery. Instead
-        # of loading or streaming the data, this object references the external
-        # data source.
-        #
-        # @example
-        #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-        #
-        #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-        #
-        #   sheets_url = "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1234567980"
-        #   sheets_table = bigquery.external sheets_url do |sheets|
-        #     sheets.skip_leading_rows = 1
-        #   end
-        #
-        #   data = bigquery.query "SELECT * FROM my_ext_table",
-        #                         external: { my_ext_table: sheets_table }
-        #
-        #   # Iterate over the first page of results
-        #   data.each do |row|
-        #     puts row[:name]
-        #   end
-        #   # Retrieve the next page of results
-        #   data = data.next if data.next?
-        #
-        class SheetsSource < External::DataSource
-          ##
-          # @private Create an empty SheetsSource object.
-          def initialize
-            super
-            @gapi.google_sheets_options = Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::GoogleSheetsOptions.new
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The number of rows at the top of a sheet that BigQuery will skip
-          # when reading the data. The default value is `0`.
-          #
-          # This property is useful if you have header rows that should be
-          # skipped. When `autodetect` is on, behavior is the following:
-          #
-          # * `nil` - Autodetect tries to detect headers in the first row. If
-          #   they are not detected, the row is read as data. Otherwise data is
-          #   read starting from the second row.
-          # * `0` - Instructs autodetect that there are no headers and data
-          #   should be read starting from the first row.
-          # * `N > 0` - Autodetect skips `N-1` rows and tries to detect headers
-          #   in row `N`. If headers are not detected, row `N` is just skipped.
-          #   Otherwise row `N` is used to extract column names for the detected
-          #   schema.
-          #
-          # @return [Integer]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   sheets_url = "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1234567980"
-          #   sheets_table = bigquery.external sheets_url do |sheets|
-          #     sheets.skip_leading_rows = 1
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   sheets_table.skip_leading_rows #=> 1
-          #
-          def skip_leading_rows
-            @gapi.google_sheets_options.skip_leading_rows
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set the number of rows at the top of a sheet that BigQuery will skip
-          # when reading the data.
-          #
-          # @param [Integer] row_count New skip_leading_rows value
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   sheets_url = "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1234567980"
-          #   sheets_table = bigquery.external sheets_url do |sheets|
-          #     sheets.skip_leading_rows = 1
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   sheets_table.skip_leading_rows #=> 1
-          #
-          def skip_leading_rows= row_count
-            frozen_check!
-            @gapi.google_sheets_options.skip_leading_rows = row_count
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Range of a sheet to query from. Only used when non-empty. Typical
-          # format: `{sheet_name}!{top_left_cell_id}:{bottom_right_cell_id}`.
-          #
-          # @return [String] Range of a sheet to query from.
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   sheets_url = "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1234567980"
-          #   sheets_table = bigquery.external sheets_url do |sheets|
-          #     sheets.range = "sheet1!A1:B20"
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   sheets_table.range #=> "sheet1!A1:B20"
-          #
-          def range
-            @gapi.google_sheets_options.range
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set the range of a sheet to query from. Only used when non-empty.
-          # Typical format:
-          # `{sheet_name}!{top_left_cell_id}:{bottom_right_cell_id}`.
-          #
-          # @param [String] new_range New range of a sheet to query from.
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   sheets_url = "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1234567980"
-          #   sheets_table = bigquery.external sheets_url do |sheets|
-          #     sheets.range = "sheet1!A1:B20"
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   sheets_table.range #=> "sheet1!A1:B20"
-          #
-          def range= new_range
-            frozen_check!
-            @gapi.google_sheets_options.range = new_range
-          end
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # # BigtableSource
-        #
-        # {External::BigtableSource} is a subclass of {External::DataSource} and
-        # represents a Bigtable external data source that can be queried from
-        # directly, even though the data is not stored in BigQuery. Instead of
-        # loading or streaming the data, this object references the external
-        # data source.
-        #
-        # @example
-        #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-        #
-        #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-        #
-        #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-        #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-        #     bt.rowkey_as_string = true
-        #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-        #       u.add_string "name"
-        #       u.add_string "email"
-        #       u.add_integer "age"
-        #       u.add_boolean "active"
-        #     end
-        #   end
-        #
-        #   data = bigquery.query "SELECT * FROM my_ext_table",
-        #                         external: { my_ext_table: bigtable_table }
-        #
-        #   # Iterate over the first page of results
-        #   data.each do |row|
-        #     puts row[:name]
-        #   end
-        #   # Retrieve the next page of results
-        #   data = data.next if data.next?
-        #
-        class BigtableSource < External::DataSource
-          ##
-          # @private Create an empty BigtableSource object.
-          def initialize
-            super
-            @gapi.bigtable_options = Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::BigtableOptions.new
-            @families = []
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # List of column families to expose in the table schema along with
-          # their types. This list restricts the column families that can be
-          # referenced in queries and specifies their value types. You can use
-          # this list to do type conversions - see
-          # {BigtableSource::ColumnFamily#type} for more details. If you leave
-          # this list empty, all column families are present in the table schema
-          # and their values are read as `BYTES`. During a query only the column
-          # families referenced in that query are read from Bigtable.
-          #
-          # @return [Array<BigtableSource::ColumnFamily>]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-          #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-          #     bt.rowkey_as_string = true
-          #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-          #       u.add_string "name"
-          #       u.add_string "email"
-          #       u.add_integer "age"
-          #       u.add_boolean "active"
-          #     end
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   bigtable_table.families.count #=> 1
-          #
-          def families
-            @families
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Add a column family to expose in the table schema along with its
-          # types. Columns belonging to the column family may also be exposed.
-          #
-          # @param [String] family_id Identifier of the column family. See
-          #   {BigtableSource::ColumnFamily#family_id}.
-          # @param [String] encoding The encoding of the values when the type is
-          #   not `STRING`. See {BigtableSource::ColumnFamily#encoding}.
-          # @param [Boolean] latest Whether only the latest version of value are
-          #   exposed for all columns in this column family. See
-          #   {BigtableSource::ColumnFamily#latest}.
-          # @param [String] type The type to convert the value in cells of this
-          #   column. See {BigtableSource::ColumnFamily#type}.
-          #
-          # @yield [family] a block for setting the family
-          # @yieldparam [BigtableSource::ColumnFamily] family the family object
-          #
-          # @return [BigtableSource::ColumnFamily]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-          #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-          #     bt.rowkey_as_string = true
-          #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-          #       u.add_string "name"
-          #       u.add_string "email"
-          #       u.add_integer "age"
-          #       u.add_boolean "active"
-          #     end
-          #   end
-          #
-          def add_family family_id, encoding: nil, latest: nil, type: nil
-            frozen_check!
-            fam = BigtableSource::ColumnFamily.new
-            fam.family_id = family_id
-            fam.encoding = encoding if encoding
-            fam.latest = latest if latest
-            fam.type = type if type
-            yield fam if block_given?
-            @families << fam
-            fam
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Whether the rowkey column families will be read and converted to
-          # string. Otherwise they are read with `BYTES` type values and users
-          # need to manually cast them with `CAST` if necessary. The default
-          # value is `false`.
-          #
-          # @return [Boolean]
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-          #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-          #     bt.rowkey_as_string = true
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   bigtable_table.rowkey_as_string #=> true
-          #
-          def rowkey_as_string
-            @gapi.bigtable_options.read_rowkey_as_string
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Set the number of rows at the top of a sheet that BigQuery will skip
-          # when reading the data.
-          #
-          # @param [Boolean] row_rowkey New rowkey_as_string value
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-          #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-          #     bt.rowkey_as_string = true
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   bigtable_table.rowkey_as_string #=> true
-          #
-          def rowkey_as_string= row_rowkey
-            frozen_check!
-            @gapi.bigtable_options.read_rowkey_as_string = row_rowkey
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # @private Google API Client object.
-          def to_gapi
-            @gapi.bigtable_options.column_families = @families.map(&:to_gapi)
-            @gapi
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # @private Google API Client object.
-          def self.from_gapi gapi
-            new_table = super
-            families = Array gapi.bigtable_options.column_families
-            families = families.map { |fam_gapi| BigtableSource::ColumnFamily.from_gapi fam_gapi }
-            new_table.instance_variable_set :@families, families
-            new_table
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # @private
-          def freeze
-            @families.map(&:freeze!)
-            @families.freeze!
-            super
-          end
-
-          protected
-
-          def frozen_check!
-            return unless frozen?
-            raise ArgumentError, "Cannot modify external data source when frozen"
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # # BigtableSource::ColumnFamily
-          #
-          # A Bigtable column family used to expose in the table schema along
-          # with its types and columns.
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-          #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-          #     bt.rowkey_as_string = true
-          #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-          #       u.add_string "name"
-          #       u.add_string "email"
-          #       u.add_integer "age"
-          #       u.add_boolean "active"
-          #     end
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   data = bigquery.query "SELECT * FROM my_ext_table",
-          #                         external: { my_ext_table: bigtable_table }
-          #
-          #   # Iterate over the first page of results
-          #   data.each do |row|
-          #     puts row[:name]
-          #   end
-          #   # Retrieve the next page of results
-          #   data = data.next if data.next?
-          #
-          class ColumnFamily
-            ##
-            # @private Create an empty BigtableSource::ColumnFamily object.
-            def initialize
-              @gapi = Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::BigtableColumnFamily.new
-              @columns = []
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # The encoding of the values when the type is not `STRING`.
-            #
-            # @return [String]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.encoding = "UTF-8"
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            #   bigtable_table.families[0].encoding #=> "UTF-8"
-            #
-            def encoding
-              @gapi.encoding
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Set the encoding of the values when the type is not `STRING`.
-            # Acceptable encoding values are:
-            #
-            # * `TEXT` - indicates values are alphanumeric text strings.
-            # * `BINARY` - indicates values are encoded using HBase
-            #   `Bytes.toBytes` family of functions. This can be overridden on a
-            #   column.
-            #
-            # @param [String] new_encoding New encoding value
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.encoding = "UTF-8"
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            #   bigtable_table.families[0].encoding #=> "UTF-8"
-            #
-            def encoding= new_encoding
-              frozen_check!
-              @gapi.encoding = new_encoding
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Identifier of the column family.
-            #
-            # @return [String]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user"
-            #   end
-            #
-            #   bigtable_table.families[0].family_id #=> "user"
-            #
-            def family_id
-              @gapi.family_id
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Set the identifier of the column family.
-            #
-            # @param [String] new_family_id New family_id value
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user"
-            #   end
-            #
-            #   bigtable_table.families[0].family_id #=> "user"
-            #   bigtable_table.families[0].family_id = "User"
-            #   bigtable_table.families[0].family_id #=> "User"
-            #
-            def family_id= new_family_id
-              frozen_check!
-              @gapi.family_id = new_family_id
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Whether only the latest version of value are exposed for all
-            # columns in this column family.
-            #
-            # @return [Boolean]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.latest = true
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            #   bigtable_table.families[0].latest #=> true
-            #
-            def latest
-              @gapi.only_read_latest
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Set whether only the latest version of value are exposed for all
-            # columns in this column family.
-            #
-            # @param [Boolean] new_latest New latest value
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.latest = true
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            #   bigtable_table.families[0].latest #=> true
-            #
-            def latest= new_latest
-              frozen_check!
-              @gapi.only_read_latest = new_latest
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # The type to convert the value in cells of this column family. The
-            # values are expected to be encoded using HBase `Bytes.toBytes`
-            # function when using the `BINARY` encoding value. The following
-            # BigQuery types are allowed:
-            #
-            # * `BYTES`
-            # * `STRING`
-            # * `INTEGER`
-            # * `FLOAT`
-            # * `BOOLEAN`
-            #
-            # Default type is `BYTES`. This can be overridden on a column.
-            #
-            # @return [String]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.type = "STRING"
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            #   bigtable_table.families[0].type #=> "STRING"
-            #
-            def type
-              @gapi.type
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Set the type to convert the value in cells of this column family.
-            # The values are expected to be encoded using HBase `Bytes.toBytes`
-            # function when using the `BINARY` encoding value. The following
-            # BigQuery types are allowed:
-            #
-            # * `BYTES`
-            # * `STRING`
-            # * `INTEGER`
-            # * `FLOAT`
-            # * `BOOLEAN`
-            #
-            # Default type is `BYTES`. This can be overridden on a column.
-            #
-            # @param [String] new_type New type value
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.type = "STRING"
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            #   bigtable_table.families[0].type #=> "STRING"
-            #
-            def type= new_type
-              frozen_check!
-              @gapi.type = new_type
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Lists of columns that should be exposed as individual fields.
-            #
-            # @return [Array<BigtableSource::Column>]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.rowkey_as_string = true
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_string "name"
-            #       u.add_string "email"
-            #       u.add_integer "age"
-            #       u.add_boolean "active"
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            #   bigtable_table.families[0].columns.count #=> 4
-            #
-            def columns
-              @columns
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Add a column to the column family to expose in the table schema
-            # along with its types.
-            #
-            # @param [String] qualifier Qualifier of the column. See
-            #   {BigtableSource::Column#qualifier}.
-            # @param [String] as A valid identifier to be used as the column
-            #   field name if the qualifier is not a valid BigQuery field
-            #   identifier (i.e. does not match `[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*`). See
-            #   {BigtableSource::Column#field_name}.
-            # @param [String] type The type to convert the value in cells of
-            #   this column. See {BigtableSource::Column#type}. The following
-            #   BigQuery types are allowed:
-            #
-            # * `BYTES`
-            # * `STRING`
-            # * `INTEGER`
-            # * `FLOAT`
-            # * `BOOLEAN`
-            #
-            # @yield [column] a block for setting the column
-            # @yieldparam [BigtableSource::Column] column the column object
-            #
-            # @return [Array<BigtableSource::Column>]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.rowkey_as_string = true
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_column "name", type: "STRING"
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def add_column qualifier, as: nil, type: nil
-              frozen_check!
-              col = BigtableSource::Column.new
-              col.qualifier = qualifier
-              col.field_name = as if as
-              col.type = type if type
-              yield col if block_given?
-              @columns << col
-              col
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Add a column to the column family to expose in the table schema
-            # that is specified as the `BYTES` type.
-            #
-            # @param [String] qualifier Qualifier of the column. See
-            #   {BigtableSource::Column#qualifier}.
-            # @param [String] as A valid identifier to be used as the column
-            #   field name if the qualifier is not a valid BigQuery field
-            #   identifier (i.e. does not match `[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*`). See
-            #   {BigtableSource::Column#field_name}.
-            #
-            # @yield [column] a block for setting the column
-            # @yieldparam [BigtableSource::Column] column the column object
-            #
-            # @return [Array<BigtableSource::Column>]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.rowkey_as_string = true
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_bytes "avatar"
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def add_bytes qualifier, as: nil
-              col = add_column qualifier, as: as, type: "BYTES"
-              yield col if block_given?
-              col
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Add a column to the column family to expose in the table schema
-            # that is specified as the `STRING` type.
-            #
-            # @param [String] qualifier Qualifier of the column. See
-            #   {BigtableSource::Column#qualifier}.
-            # @param [String] as A valid identifier to be used as the column
-            #   field name if the qualifier is not a valid BigQuery field
-            #   identifier (i.e. does not match `[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*`). See
-            #   {BigtableSource::Column#field_name}.
-            #
-            # @yield [column] a block for setting the column
-            # @yieldparam [BigtableSource::Column] column the column object
-            #
-            # @return [Array<BigtableSource::Column>]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.rowkey_as_string = true
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_string "name"
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def add_string qualifier, as: nil
-              col = add_column qualifier, as: as, type: "STRING"
-              yield col if block_given?
-              col
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Add a column to the column family to expose in the table schema
-            # that is specified as the `INTEGER` type.
-            #
-            # @param [String] qualifier Qualifier of the column. See
-            #   {BigtableSource::Column#qualifier}.
-            # @param [String] as A valid identifier to be used as the column
-            #   field name if the qualifier is not a valid BigQuery field
-            #   identifier (i.e. does not match `[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*`). See
-            #   {BigtableSource::Column#field_name}.
-            #
-            # @yield [column] a block for setting the column
-            # @yieldparam [BigtableSource::Column] column the column object
-            #
-            # @return [Array<BigtableSource::Column>]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.rowkey_as_string = true
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_integer "age"
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def add_integer qualifier, as: nil
-              col = add_column qualifier, as: as, type: "INTEGER"
-              yield col if block_given?
-              col
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Add a column to the column family to expose in the table schema
-            # that is specified as the `FLOAT` type.
-            #
-            # @param [String] qualifier Qualifier of the column. See
-            #   {BigtableSource::Column#qualifier}.
-            # @param [String] as A valid identifier to be used as the column
-            #   field name if the qualifier is not a valid BigQuery field
-            #   identifier (i.e. does not match `[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*`). See
-            #   {BigtableSource::Column#field_name}.
-            #
-            # @yield [column] a block for setting the column
-            # @yieldparam [BigtableSource::Column] column the column object
-            #
-            # @return [Array<BigtableSource::Column>]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.rowkey_as_string = true
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_float "score"
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def add_float qualifier, as: nil
-              col = add_column qualifier, as: as, type: "FLOAT"
-              yield col if block_given?
-              col
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Add a column to the column family to expose in the table schema
-            # that is specified as the `BOOLEAN` type.
-            #
-            # @param [String] qualifier Qualifier of the column. See
-            #   {BigtableSource::Column#qualifier}.
-            # @param [String] as A valid identifier to be used as the column
-            #   field name if the qualifier is not a valid BigQuery field
-            #   identifier (i.e. does not match `[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*`). See
-            #   {BigtableSource::Column#field_name}.
-            #
-            # @yield [column] a block for setting the column
-            # @yieldparam [BigtableSource::Column] column the column object
-            #
-            # @return [Array<BigtableSource::Column>]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.rowkey_as_string = true
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_boolean "active"
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def add_boolean qualifier, as: nil
-              col = add_column qualifier, as: as, type: "BOOLEAN"
-              yield col if block_given?
-              col
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # @private Google API Client object.
-            def to_gapi
-              @gapi.columns = @columns.map(&:to_gapi)
-              @gapi
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # @private Google API Client object.
-            def self.from_gapi gapi
-              new_fam = new
-              new_fam.instance_variable_set :@gapi, gapi
-              columns = Array(gapi.columns).map { |col_gapi| BigtableSource::Column.from_gapi col_gapi }
-              new_fam.instance_variable_set :@columns, columns
-              new_fam
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # @private
-            def freeze
-              @columns.map(&:freeze!)
-              @columns.freeze!
-              super
-            end
-
-            protected
-
-            def frozen_check!
-              return unless frozen?
-              raise ArgumentError, "Cannot modify external data source when frozen"
-            end
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # # BigtableSource::Column
-          #
-          # A Bigtable column to expose in the table schema along with its
-          # types.
-          #
-          # @example
-          #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-          #
-          #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-          #
-          #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-          #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-          #     bt.rowkey_as_string = true
-          #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-          #       u.add_string "name"
-          #       u.add_string "email"
-          #       u.add_integer "age"
-          #       u.add_boolean "active"
-          #     end
-          #   end
-          #
-          #   data = bigquery.query "SELECT * FROM my_ext_table",
-          #                         external: { my_ext_table: bigtable_table }
-          #
-          #   # Iterate over the first page of results
-          #   data.each do |row|
-          #     puts row[:name]
-          #   end
-          #   # Retrieve the next page of results
-          #   data = data.next if data.next?
-          #
-          class Column
-            ##
-            # @private Create an empty BigtableSource::Column object.
-            def initialize
-              @gapi = Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::BigtableColumn.new
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Qualifier of the column. Columns in the parent column family that
-            # has this exact qualifier are exposed as `.` field. If the
-            # qualifier is valid UTF-8 string, it will be represented as a UTF-8
-            # string. Otherwise, it will represented as a ASCII-8BIT string.
-            #
-            # If the qualifier is not a valid BigQuery field identifier (does
-            # not match `[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*`) a valid identifier must be
-            # provided as `field_name`.
-            #
-            # @return [String]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_string "name" do |col|
-            #         col.qualifier # "user"
-            #         col.qualifier = "User"
-            #         col.qualifier # "User"
-            #       end
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def qualifier
-              @gapi.qualifier_string || Base64.strict_decode64(@gapi.qualifier_encoded.to_s)
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Set the qualifier of the column. Columns in the parent column
-            # family that has this exact qualifier are exposed as `.` field.
-            # Values that are valid UTF-8 strings will be treated as such. All
-            # other values will be treated as `BINARY`.
-            #
-            # @param [String] new_qualifier New qualifier value
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_string "name" do |col|
-            #         col.qualifier # "user"
-            #         col.qualifier = "User"
-            #         col.qualifier # "User"
-            #       end
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def qualifier= new_qualifier
-              frozen_check!
-              raise ArgumentError if new_qualifier.nil?
-
-              utf8_qualifier = new_qualifier.encode Encoding::UTF_8
-              if utf8_qualifier.valid_encoding?
-                @gapi.qualifier_string = utf8_qualifier
-                if @gapi.instance_variables.include? :@qualifier_encoded
-                  @gapi.remove_instance_variable :@qualifier_encoded
-                end
-              else
-                @gapi.qualifier_encoded = Base64.strict_encode64 new_qualifier
-                if @gapi.instance_variables.include? :@qualifier_string
-                  @gapi.remove_instance_variable :@qualifier_string
-                end
-              end
-            rescue EncodingError
-              @gapi.qualifier_encoded = Base64.strict_encode64 new_qualifier
-              @gapi.remove_instance_variable :@qualifier_string if @gapi.instance_variables.include? :@qualifier_string
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # The encoding of the values when the type is not `STRING`.
-            #
-            # @return [String]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_bytes "name" do |col|
-            #         col.encoding = "TEXT"
-            #         col.encoding # "TEXT"
-            #       end
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def encoding
-              @gapi.encoding
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Set the encoding of the values when the type is not `STRING`.
-            # Acceptable encoding values are:
-            #
-            # * `TEXT` - indicates values are alphanumeric text strings.
-            # * `BINARY` - indicates values are encoded using HBase
-            #   `Bytes.toBytes` family of functions. This can be overridden on a
-            #   column.
-            #
-            # @param [String] new_encoding New encoding value
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_bytes "name" do |col|
-            #         col.encoding = "TEXT"
-            #         col.encoding # "TEXT"
-            #       end
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def encoding= new_encoding
-              frozen_check!
-              @gapi.encoding = new_encoding
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # If the qualifier is not a valid BigQuery field identifier  (does
-            # not match `[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*`) a valid identifier must be
-            # provided as the column field name and is used as field name in
-            # queries.
-            #
-            # @return [String]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_string "001_name", as: "user" do |col|
-            #         col.field_name # "user"
-            #         col.field_name = "User"
-            #         col.field_name # "User"
-            #       end
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def field_name
-              @gapi.field_name
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Sets the identifier to be used as the column field name in queries
-            # when the qualifier is not a valid BigQuery field identifier  (does
-            # not match `[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*`).
-            #
-            # @param [String] new_field_name New field_name value
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_string "001_name", as: "user" do |col|
-            #         col.field_name # "user"
-            #         col.field_name = "User"
-            #         col.field_name # "User"
-            #       end
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def field_name= new_field_name
-              frozen_check!
-              @gapi.field_name = new_field_name
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Whether only the latest version of value in this column are
-            # exposed. Can also be set at the column family level. However, this
-            # value takes precedence when set at both levels.
-            #
-            # @return [Boolean]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_string "name" do |col|
-            #         col.latest = true
-            #         col.latest # true
-            #       end
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def latest
-              @gapi.only_read_latest
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Set whether only the latest version of value in this column are
-            # exposed. Can also be set at the column family level. However, this
-            # value takes precedence when set at both levels.
-            #
-            # @param [Boolean] new_latest New latest value
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_string "name" do |col|
-            #         col.latest = true
-            #         col.latest # true
-            #       end
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def latest= new_latest
-              frozen_check!
-              @gapi.only_read_latest = new_latest
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # The type to convert the value in cells of this column. The values
-            # are expected to be encoded using HBase `Bytes.toBytes` function
-            # when using the `BINARY` encoding value. The following BigQuery
-            # types are allowed:
-            #
-            # * `BYTES`
-            # * `STRING`
-            # * `INTEGER`
-            # * `FLOAT`
-            # * `BOOLEAN`
-            #
-            # Default type is `BYTES`. Can also be set at the column family
-            # level. However, this value takes precedence when set at both
-            # levels.
-            #
-            # @return [String]
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_string "name" do |col|
-            #         col.type # "STRING"
-            #       end
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def type
-              @gapi.type
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # Set the type to convert the value in cells of this column. The
-            # values are expected to be encoded using HBase `Bytes.toBytes`
-            # function when using the `BINARY` encoding value. The following
-            # BigQuery types are allowed:
-            #
-            # * `BYTES`
-            # * `STRING`
-            # * `INTEGER`
-            # * `FLOAT`
-            # * `BOOLEAN`
-            #
-            # Default type is `BYTES`. Can also be set at the column family
-            # level. However, this value takes precedence when set at both
-            # levels.
-            #
-            # @param [String] new_type New type value
-            #
-            # @example
-            #   require "google/cloud/bigquery"
-            #
-            #   bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
-            #
-            #   bigtable_url = "https://googleapis.com/bigtable/projects/..."
-            #   bigtable_table = bigquery.external bigtable_url do |bt|
-            #     bt.add_family "user" do |u|
-            #       u.add_string "name" do |col|
-            #         col.type # "STRING"
-            #         col.type = "BYTES"
-            #         col.type # "BYTES"
-            #       end
-            #     end
-            #   end
-            #
-            def type= new_type
-              frozen_check!
-              @gapi.type = new_type
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # @private Google API Client object.
-            def to_gapi
-              @gapi
-            end
-
-            ##
-            # @private Google API Client object.
-            def self.from_gapi gapi
-              new_col = new
-              new_col.instance_variable_set :@gapi, gapi
-              new_col
-            end
-
-            protected
-
-            def frozen_check!
-              return unless frozen?
-              raise ArgumentError, "Cannot modify external data source when frozen"
-            end
-          end
-        end
       end
     end
   end