gitlab-pg_query 1.3.1 → 2.0.4

data/ext/pg_query/include/nodes/params.h

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ *
+ * params.h
+ *	  Support for finding the values associated with Param nodes.
+ *
+ *
+ * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2020, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
+ *
+ * src/include/nodes/params.h
+ *
+ *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+#ifndef PARAMS_H
+#define PARAMS_H
+
+/* Forward declarations, to avoid including other headers */
+struct Bitmapset;
+struct ExprState;
+struct Param;
+struct ParseState;
+
+
+/*
+ *	  ParamListInfo
+ *
+ *	  ParamListInfo structures are used to pass parameters into the executor
+ *	  for parameterized plans.  We support two basic approaches to supplying
+ *	  parameter values, the "static" way and the "dynamic" way.
+ *
+ *	  In the static approach, per-parameter data is stored in an array of
+ *	  ParamExternData structs appended to the ParamListInfo struct.
+ *	  Each entry in the array defines the value to be substituted for a
+ *	  PARAM_EXTERN parameter.  The "paramid" of a PARAM_EXTERN Param
+ *	  can range from 1 to numParams.
+ *
+ *	  Although parameter numbers are normally consecutive, we allow
+ *	  ptype == InvalidOid to signal an unused array entry.
+ *
+ *	  pflags is a flags field.  Currently the only used bit is:
+ *	  PARAM_FLAG_CONST signals the planner that it may treat this parameter
+ *	  as a constant (i.e., generate a plan that works only for this value
+ *	  of the parameter).
+ *
+ *	  In the dynamic approach, all access to parameter values is done through
+ *	  hook functions found in the ParamListInfo struct.  In this case,
+ *	  the ParamExternData array is typically unused and not allocated;
+ *	  but the legal range of paramid is still 1 to numParams.
+ *
+ *	  Although the data structure is really an array, not a list, we keep
+ *	  the old typedef name to avoid unnecessary code changes.
+ *
+ *	  There are 3 hook functions that can be associated with a ParamListInfo
+ *	  structure:
+ *
+ *	  If paramFetch isn't null, it is called to fetch the ParamExternData
+ *	  for a particular param ID, rather than accessing the relevant element
+ *	  of the ParamExternData array.  This supports the case where the array
+ *	  isn't there at all, as well as cases where the data in the array
+ *	  might be obsolete or lazily evaluated.  paramFetch must return the
+ *	  address of a ParamExternData struct describing the specified param ID;
+ *	  the convention above about ptype == InvalidOid signaling an invalid
+ *	  param ID still applies.  The returned struct can either be placed in
+ *	  the "workspace" supplied by the caller, or it can be in storage
+ *	  controlled by the paramFetch hook if that's more convenient.
+ *	  (In either case, the struct is not expected to be long-lived.)
+ *	  If "speculative" is true, the paramFetch hook should not risk errors
+ *	  in trying to fetch the parameter value, and should report an invalid
+ *	  parameter instead.
+ *
+ *	  If paramCompile isn't null, then it controls what execExpr.c compiles
+ *	  for PARAM_EXTERN Param nodes --- typically, this hook would emit a
+ *	  EEOP_PARAM_CALLBACK step.  This allows unnecessary work to be
+ *	  optimized away in compiled expressions.
+ *
+ *	  If parserSetup isn't null, then it is called to re-instantiate the
+ *	  original parsing hooks when a query needs to be re-parsed/planned.
+ *	  This is especially useful if the types of parameters might change
+ *	  from time to time, since it can replace the need to supply a fixed
+ *	  list of parameter types to the parser.
+ *
+ *	  Notice that the paramFetch and paramCompile hooks are actually passed
+ *	  the ParamListInfo struct's address; they can therefore access all
+ *	  three of the "arg" fields, and the distinction between paramFetchArg
+ *	  and paramCompileArg is rather arbitrary.
+ */
+
+#define PARAM_FLAG_CONST	0x0001	/* parameter is constant */
+
+typedef struct ParamExternData
+{
+	Datum		value;			/* parameter value */
+	bool		isnull;			/* is it NULL? */
+	uint16		pflags;			/* flag bits, see above */
+	Oid			ptype;			/* parameter's datatype, or 0 */
+} ParamExternData;
+
+typedef struct ParamListInfoData *ParamListInfo;
+
+typedef ParamExternData *(*ParamFetchHook) (ParamListInfo params,
+											int paramid, bool speculative,
+											ParamExternData *workspace);
+
+typedef void (*ParamCompileHook) (ParamListInfo params, struct Param *param,
+								  struct ExprState *state,
+								  Datum *resv, bool *resnull);
+
+typedef void (*ParserSetupHook) (struct ParseState *pstate, void *arg);
+
+typedef struct ParamListInfoData
+{
+	ParamFetchHook paramFetch;	/* parameter fetch hook */
+	void	   *paramFetchArg;
+	ParamCompileHook paramCompile;	/* parameter compile hook */
+	void	   *paramCompileArg;
+	ParserSetupHook parserSetup;	/* parser setup hook */
+	void	   *parserSetupArg;
+	char	   *paramValuesStr; /* params as a single string for errors */
+	int			numParams;		/* nominal/maximum # of Params represented */
+
+	/*
+	 * params[] may be of length zero if paramFetch is supplied; otherwise it
+	 * must be of length numParams.
+	 */
+	ParamExternData params[FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER];
+}			ParamListInfoData;
+
+
+/* ----------------
+ *	  ParamExecData
+ *
+ *	  ParamExecData entries are used for executor internal parameters
+ *	  (that is, values being passed into or out of a sub-query).  The
+ *	  paramid of a PARAM_EXEC Param is a (zero-based) index into an
+ *	  array of ParamExecData records, which is referenced through
+ *	  es_param_exec_vals or ecxt_param_exec_vals.
+ *
+ *	  If execPlan is not NULL, it points to a SubPlanState node that needs
+ *	  to be executed to produce the value.  (This is done so that we can have
+ *	  lazy evaluation of InitPlans: they aren't executed until/unless a
+ *	  result value is needed.)	Otherwise the value is assumed to be valid
+ *	  when needed.
+ * ----------------
+ */
+
+typedef struct ParamExecData
+{
+	void	   *execPlan;		/* should be "SubPlanState *" */
+	Datum		value;
+	bool		isnull;
+} ParamExecData;
+
+/* type of argument for ParamsErrorCallback */
+typedef struct ParamsErrorCbData
+{
+	const char *portalName;
+	ParamListInfo params;
+} ParamsErrorCbData;
+
+/* Functions found in src/backend/nodes/params.c */
+extern ParamListInfo makeParamList(int numParams);
+extern ParamListInfo copyParamList(ParamListInfo from);
+extern Size EstimateParamListSpace(ParamListInfo paramLI);
+extern void SerializeParamList(ParamListInfo paramLI, char **start_address);
+extern ParamListInfo RestoreParamList(char **start_address);
+extern char *BuildParamLogString(ParamListInfo params, char **paramTextValues,
+								 int valueLen);
+extern void ParamsErrorCallback(void *arg);
+
+#endif							/* PARAMS_H */

data/ext/pg_query/include/nodes/parsenodes.h

@@ -0,0 +1,3579 @@
+/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ *
+ * parsenodes.h
+ *	  definitions for parse tree nodes
+ *
+ * Many of the node types used in parsetrees include a "location" field.
+ * This is a byte (not character) offset in the original source text, to be
+ * used for positioning an error cursor when there is an error related to
+ * the node.  Access to the original source text is needed to make use of
+ * the location.  At the topmost (statement) level, we also provide a
+ * statement length, likewise measured in bytes, for convenience in
+ * identifying statement boundaries in multi-statement source strings.
+ *
+ *
+ * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2020, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
+ *
+ * src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
+ *
+ *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+#ifndef PARSENODES_H
+#define PARSENODES_H
+
+#include "nodes/bitmapset.h"
+#include "nodes/lockoptions.h"
+#include "nodes/primnodes.h"
+#include "nodes/value.h"
+#include "partitioning/partdefs.h"
+
+
+typedef enum OverridingKind
+{
+	OVERRIDING_NOT_SET = 0,
+	OVERRIDING_USER_VALUE,
+	OVERRIDING_SYSTEM_VALUE
+} OverridingKind;
+
+/* Possible sources of a Query */
+typedef enum QuerySource
+{
+	QSRC_ORIGINAL,				/* original parsetree (explicit query) */
+	QSRC_PARSER,				/* added by parse analysis (now unused) */
+	QSRC_INSTEAD_RULE,			/* added by unconditional INSTEAD rule */
+	QSRC_QUAL_INSTEAD_RULE,		/* added by conditional INSTEAD rule */
+	QSRC_NON_INSTEAD_RULE		/* added by non-INSTEAD rule */
+} QuerySource;
+
+/* Sort ordering options for ORDER BY and CREATE INDEX */
+typedef enum SortByDir
+{
+	SORTBY_DEFAULT,
+	SORTBY_ASC,
+	SORTBY_DESC,
+	SORTBY_USING				/* not allowed in CREATE INDEX ... */
+} SortByDir;
+
+typedef enum SortByNulls
+{
+	SORTBY_NULLS_DEFAULT,
+	SORTBY_NULLS_FIRST,
+	SORTBY_NULLS_LAST
+} SortByNulls;
+
+/*
+ * Grantable rights are encoded so that we can OR them together in a bitmask.
+ * The present representation of AclItem limits us to 16 distinct rights,
+ * even though AclMode is defined as uint32.  See utils/acl.h.
+ *
+ * Caution: changing these codes breaks stored ACLs, hence forces initdb.
+ */
+typedef uint32 AclMode;			/* a bitmask of privilege bits */
+
+#define ACL_INSERT		(1<<0)	/* for relations */
+#define ACL_SELECT		(1<<1)
+#define ACL_UPDATE		(1<<2)
+#define ACL_DELETE		(1<<3)
+#define ACL_TRUNCATE	(1<<4)
+#define ACL_REFERENCES	(1<<5)
+#define ACL_TRIGGER		(1<<6)
+#define ACL_EXECUTE		(1<<7)	/* for functions */
+#define ACL_USAGE		(1<<8)	/* for languages, namespaces, FDWs, and
+								 * servers */
+#define ACL_CREATE		(1<<9)	/* for namespaces and databases */
+#define ACL_CREATE_TEMP (1<<10) /* for databases */
+#define ACL_CONNECT		(1<<11) /* for databases */
+#define N_ACL_RIGHTS	12		/* 1 plus the last 1<<x */
+#define ACL_NO_RIGHTS	0
+/* Currently, SELECT ... FOR [KEY] UPDATE/SHARE requires UPDATE privileges */
+#define ACL_SELECT_FOR_UPDATE	ACL_UPDATE
+
+
+/*****************************************************************************
+ *	Query Tree
+ *****************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * Query -
+ *	  Parse analysis turns all statements into a Query tree
+ *	  for further processing by the rewriter and planner.
+ *
+ *	  Utility statements (i.e. non-optimizable statements) have the
+ *	  utilityStmt field set, and the rest of the Query is mostly dummy.
+ *
+ *	  Planning converts a Query tree into a Plan tree headed by a PlannedStmt
+ *	  node --- the Query structure is not used by the executor.
+ */
+typedef struct Query
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+
+	CmdType		commandType;	/* select|insert|update|delete|utility */
+
+	QuerySource querySource;	/* where did I come from? */
+
+	uint64		queryId;		/* query identifier (can be set by plugins) */
+
+	bool		canSetTag;		/* do I set the command result tag? */
+
+	Node	   *utilityStmt;	/* non-null if commandType == CMD_UTILITY */
+
+	int			resultRelation; /* rtable index of target relation for
+								 * INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE; 0 for SELECT */
+
+	bool		hasAggs;		/* has aggregates in tlist or havingQual */
+	bool		hasWindowFuncs; /* has window functions in tlist */
+	bool		hasTargetSRFs;	/* has set-returning functions in tlist */
+	bool		hasSubLinks;	/* has subquery SubLink */
+	bool		hasDistinctOn;	/* distinctClause is from DISTINCT ON */
+	bool		hasRecursive;	/* WITH RECURSIVE was specified */
+	bool		hasModifyingCTE;	/* has INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE in WITH */
+	bool		hasForUpdate;	/* FOR [KEY] UPDATE/SHARE was specified */
+	bool		hasRowSecurity; /* rewriter has applied some RLS policy */
+
+	List	   *cteList;		/* WITH list (of CommonTableExpr's) */
+
+	List	   *rtable;			/* list of range table entries */
+	FromExpr   *jointree;		/* table join tree (FROM and WHERE clauses) */
+
+	List	   *targetList;		/* target list (of TargetEntry) */
+
+	OverridingKind override;	/* OVERRIDING clause */
+
+	OnConflictExpr *onConflict; /* ON CONFLICT DO [NOTHING | UPDATE] */
+
+	List	   *returningList;	/* return-values list (of TargetEntry) */
+
+	List	   *groupClause;	/* a list of SortGroupClause's */
+
+	List	   *groupingSets;	/* a list of GroupingSet's if present */
+
+	Node	   *havingQual;		/* qualifications applied to groups */
+
+	List	   *windowClause;	/* a list of WindowClause's */
+
+	List	   *distinctClause; /* a list of SortGroupClause's */
+
+	List	   *sortClause;		/* a list of SortGroupClause's */
+
+	Node	   *limitOffset;	/* # of result tuples to skip (int8 expr) */
+	Node	   *limitCount;		/* # of result tuples to return (int8 expr) */
+	LimitOption limitOption;	/* limit type */
+
+	List	   *rowMarks;		/* a list of RowMarkClause's */
+
+	Node	   *setOperations;	/* set-operation tree if this is top level of
+								 * a UNION/INTERSECT/EXCEPT query */
+
+	List	   *constraintDeps; /* a list of pg_constraint OIDs that the query
+								 * depends on to be semantically valid */
+
+	List	   *withCheckOptions;	/* a list of WithCheckOption's (added
+									 * during rewrite) */
+
+	/*
+	 * The following two fields identify the portion of the source text string
+	 * containing this query.  They are typically only populated in top-level
+	 * Queries, not in sub-queries.  When not set, they might both be zero, or
+	 * both be -1 meaning "unknown".
+	 */
+	int			stmt_location;	/* start location, or -1 if unknown */
+	int			stmt_len;		/* length in bytes; 0 means "rest of string" */
+} Query;
+
+
+/****************************************************************************
+ *	Supporting data structures for Parse Trees
+ *
+ *	Most of these node types appear in raw parsetrees output by the grammar,
+ *	and get transformed to something else by the analyzer.  A few of them
+ *	are used as-is in transformed querytrees.
+ ****************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * TypeName - specifies a type in definitions
+ *
+ * For TypeName structures generated internally, it is often easier to
+ * specify the type by OID than by name.  If "names" is NIL then the
+ * actual type OID is given by typeOid, otherwise typeOid is unused.
+ * Similarly, if "typmods" is NIL then the actual typmod is expected to
+ * be prespecified in typemod, otherwise typemod is unused.
+ *
+ * If pct_type is true, then names is actually a field name and we look up
+ * the type of that field.  Otherwise (the normal case), names is a type
+ * name possibly qualified with schema and database name.
+ */
+typedef struct TypeName
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *names;			/* qualified name (list of Value strings) */
+	Oid			typeOid;		/* type identified by OID */
+	bool		setof;			/* is a set? */
+	bool		pct_type;		/* %TYPE specified? */
+	List	   *typmods;		/* type modifier expression(s) */
+	int32		typemod;		/* prespecified type modifier */
+	List	   *arrayBounds;	/* array bounds */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} TypeName;
+
+/*
+ * ColumnRef - specifies a reference to a column, or possibly a whole tuple
+ *
+ * The "fields" list must be nonempty.  It can contain string Value nodes
+ * (representing names) and A_Star nodes (representing occurrence of a '*').
+ * Currently, A_Star must appear only as the last list element --- the grammar
+ * is responsible for enforcing this!
+ *
+ * Note: any container subscripting or selection of fields from composite columns
+ * is represented by an A_Indirection node above the ColumnRef.  However,
+ * for simplicity in the normal case, initial field selection from a table
+ * name is represented within ColumnRef and not by adding A_Indirection.
+ */
+typedef struct ColumnRef
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *fields;			/* field names (Value strings) or A_Star */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} ColumnRef;
+
+/*
+ * ParamRef - specifies a $n parameter reference
+ */
+typedef struct ParamRef
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	int			number;			/* the number of the parameter */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} ParamRef;
+
+/*
+ * A_Expr - infix, prefix, and postfix expressions
+ */
+typedef enum A_Expr_Kind
+{
+	AEXPR_OP,					/* normal operator */
+	AEXPR_OP_ANY,				/* scalar op ANY (array) */
+	AEXPR_OP_ALL,				/* scalar op ALL (array) */
+	AEXPR_DISTINCT,				/* IS DISTINCT FROM - name must be "=" */
+	AEXPR_NOT_DISTINCT,			/* IS NOT DISTINCT FROM - name must be "=" */
+	AEXPR_NULLIF,				/* NULLIF - name must be "=" */
+	AEXPR_OF,					/* IS [NOT] OF - name must be "=" or "<>" */
+	AEXPR_IN,					/* [NOT] IN - name must be "=" or "<>" */
+	AEXPR_LIKE,					/* [NOT] LIKE - name must be "~~" or "!~~" */
+	AEXPR_ILIKE,				/* [NOT] ILIKE - name must be "~~*" or "!~~*" */
+	AEXPR_SIMILAR,				/* [NOT] SIMILAR - name must be "~" or "!~" */
+	AEXPR_BETWEEN,				/* name must be "BETWEEN" */
+	AEXPR_NOT_BETWEEN,			/* name must be "NOT BETWEEN" */
+	AEXPR_BETWEEN_SYM,			/* name must be "BETWEEN SYMMETRIC" */
+	AEXPR_NOT_BETWEEN_SYM,		/* name must be "NOT BETWEEN SYMMETRIC" */
+	AEXPR_PAREN					/* nameless dummy node for parentheses */
+} A_Expr_Kind;
+
+typedef struct A_Expr
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	A_Expr_Kind kind;			/* see above */
+	List	   *name;			/* possibly-qualified name of operator */
+	Node	   *lexpr;			/* left argument, or NULL if none */
+	Node	   *rexpr;			/* right argument, or NULL if none */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} A_Expr;
+
+/*
+ * A_Const - a literal constant
+ */
+typedef struct A_Const
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	Value		val;			/* value (includes type info, see value.h) */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} A_Const;
+
+/*
+ * TypeCast - a CAST expression
+ */
+typedef struct TypeCast
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	Node	   *arg;			/* the expression being casted */
+	TypeName   *typeName;		/* the target type */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} TypeCast;
+
+/*
+ * CollateClause - a COLLATE expression
+ */
+typedef struct CollateClause
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	Node	   *arg;			/* input expression */
+	List	   *collname;		/* possibly-qualified collation name */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} CollateClause;
+
+/*
+ * RoleSpec - a role name or one of a few special values.
+ */
+typedef enum RoleSpecType
+{
+	ROLESPEC_CSTRING,			/* role name is stored as a C string */
+	ROLESPEC_CURRENT_USER,		/* role spec is CURRENT_USER */
+	ROLESPEC_SESSION_USER,		/* role spec is SESSION_USER */
+	ROLESPEC_PUBLIC				/* role name is "public" */
+} RoleSpecType;
+
+typedef struct RoleSpec
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RoleSpecType roletype;		/* Type of this rolespec */
+	char	   *rolename;		/* filled only for ROLESPEC_CSTRING */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} RoleSpec;
+
+/*
+ * FuncCall - a function or aggregate invocation
+ *
+ * agg_order (if not NIL) indicates we saw 'foo(... ORDER BY ...)', or if
+ * agg_within_group is true, it was 'foo(...) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY ...)'.
+ * agg_star indicates we saw a 'foo(*)' construct, while agg_distinct
+ * indicates we saw 'foo(DISTINCT ...)'.  In any of these cases, the
+ * construct *must* be an aggregate call.  Otherwise, it might be either an
+ * aggregate or some other kind of function.  However, if FILTER or OVER is
+ * present it had better be an aggregate or window function.
+ *
+ * Normally, you'd initialize this via makeFuncCall() and then only change the
+ * parts of the struct its defaults don't match afterwards, as needed.
+ */
+typedef struct FuncCall
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *funcname;		/* qualified name of function */
+	List	   *args;			/* the arguments (list of exprs) */
+	List	   *agg_order;		/* ORDER BY (list of SortBy) */
+	Node	   *agg_filter;		/* FILTER clause, if any */
+	bool		agg_within_group;	/* ORDER BY appeared in WITHIN GROUP */
+	bool		agg_star;		/* argument was really '*' */
+	bool		agg_distinct;	/* arguments were labeled DISTINCT */
+	bool		func_variadic;	/* last argument was labeled VARIADIC */
+	struct WindowDef *over;		/* OVER clause, if any */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} FuncCall;
+
+/*
+ * A_Star - '*' representing all columns of a table or compound field
+ *
+ * This can appear within ColumnRef.fields, A_Indirection.indirection, and
+ * ResTarget.indirection lists.
+ */
+typedef struct A_Star
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+} A_Star;
+
+/*
+ * A_Indices - array subscript or slice bounds ([idx] or [lidx:uidx])
+ *
+ * In slice case, either or both of lidx and uidx can be NULL (omitted).
+ * In non-slice case, uidx holds the single subscript and lidx is always NULL.
+ */
+typedef struct A_Indices
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	bool		is_slice;		/* true if slice (i.e., colon present) */
+	Node	   *lidx;			/* slice lower bound, if any */
+	Node	   *uidx;			/* subscript, or slice upper bound if any */
+} A_Indices;
+
+/*
+ * A_Indirection - select a field and/or array element from an expression
+ *
+ * The indirection list can contain A_Indices nodes (representing
+ * subscripting), string Value nodes (representing field selection --- the
+ * string value is the name of the field to select), and A_Star nodes
+ * (representing selection of all fields of a composite type).
+ * For example, a complex selection operation like
+ *				(foo).field1[42][7].field2
+ * would be represented with a single A_Indirection node having a 4-element
+ * indirection list.
+ *
+ * Currently, A_Star must appear only as the last list element --- the grammar
+ * is responsible for enforcing this!
+ */
+typedef struct A_Indirection
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	Node	   *arg;			/* the thing being selected from */
+	List	   *indirection;	/* subscripts and/or field names and/or * */
+} A_Indirection;
+
+/*
+ * A_ArrayExpr - an ARRAY[] construct
+ */
+typedef struct A_ArrayExpr
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *elements;		/* array element expressions */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} A_ArrayExpr;
+
+/*
+ * ResTarget -
+ *	  result target (used in target list of pre-transformed parse trees)
+ *
+ * In a SELECT target list, 'name' is the column label from an
+ * 'AS ColumnLabel' clause, or NULL if there was none, and 'val' is the
+ * value expression itself.  The 'indirection' field is not used.
+ *
+ * INSERT uses ResTarget in its target-column-names list.  Here, 'name' is
+ * the name of the destination column, 'indirection' stores any subscripts
+ * attached to the destination, and 'val' is not used.
+ *
+ * In an UPDATE target list, 'name' is the name of the destination column,
+ * 'indirection' stores any subscripts attached to the destination, and
+ * 'val' is the expression to assign.
+ *
+ * See A_Indirection for more info about what can appear in 'indirection'.
+ */
+typedef struct ResTarget
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *name;			/* column name or NULL */
+	List	   *indirection;	/* subscripts, field names, and '*', or NIL */
+	Node	   *val;			/* the value expression to compute or assign */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} ResTarget;
+
+/*
+ * MultiAssignRef - element of a row source expression for UPDATE
+ *
+ * In an UPDATE target list, when we have SET (a,b,c) = row-valued-expression,
+ * we generate separate ResTarget items for each of a,b,c.  Their "val" trees
+ * are MultiAssignRef nodes numbered 1..n, linking to a common copy of the
+ * row-valued-expression (which parse analysis will process only once, when
+ * handling the MultiAssignRef with colno=1).
+ */
+typedef struct MultiAssignRef
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	Node	   *source;			/* the row-valued expression */
+	int			colno;			/* column number for this target (1..n) */
+	int			ncolumns;		/* number of targets in the construct */
+} MultiAssignRef;
+
+/*
+ * SortBy - for ORDER BY clause
+ */
+typedef struct SortBy
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	Node	   *node;			/* expression to sort on */
+	SortByDir	sortby_dir;		/* ASC/DESC/USING/default */
+	SortByNulls sortby_nulls;	/* NULLS FIRST/LAST */
+	List	   *useOp;			/* name of op to use, if SORTBY_USING */
+	int			location;		/* operator location, or -1 if none/unknown */
+} SortBy;
+
+/*
+ * WindowDef - raw representation of WINDOW and OVER clauses
+ *
+ * For entries in a WINDOW list, "name" is the window name being defined.
+ * For OVER clauses, we use "name" for the "OVER window" syntax, or "refname"
+ * for the "OVER (window)" syntax, which is subtly different --- the latter
+ * implies overriding the window frame clause.
+ */
+typedef struct WindowDef
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *name;			/* window's own name */
+	char	   *refname;		/* referenced window name, if any */
+	List	   *partitionClause;	/* PARTITION BY expression list */
+	List	   *orderClause;	/* ORDER BY (list of SortBy) */
+	int			frameOptions;	/* frame_clause options, see below */
+	Node	   *startOffset;	/* expression for starting bound, if any */
+	Node	   *endOffset;		/* expression for ending bound, if any */
+	int			location;		/* parse location, or -1 if none/unknown */
+} WindowDef;
+
+/*
+ * frameOptions is an OR of these bits.  The NONDEFAULT and BETWEEN bits are
+ * used so that ruleutils.c can tell which properties were specified and
+ * which were defaulted; the correct behavioral bits must be set either way.
+ * The START_foo and END_foo options must come in pairs of adjacent bits for
+ * the convenience of gram.y, even though some of them are useless/invalid.
+ */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_NONDEFAULT					0x00001 /* any specified? */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_RANGE						0x00002 /* RANGE behavior */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_ROWS						0x00004 /* ROWS behavior */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_GROUPS						0x00008 /* GROUPS behavior */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_BETWEEN						0x00010 /* BETWEEN given? */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_START_UNBOUNDED_PRECEDING	0x00020 /* start is U. P. */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_END_UNBOUNDED_PRECEDING		0x00040 /* (disallowed) */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_START_UNBOUNDED_FOLLOWING	0x00080 /* (disallowed) */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_END_UNBOUNDED_FOLLOWING		0x00100 /* end is U. F. */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_START_CURRENT_ROW			0x00200 /* start is C. R. */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_END_CURRENT_ROW				0x00400 /* end is C. R. */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_START_OFFSET_PRECEDING		0x00800 /* start is O. P. */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_END_OFFSET_PRECEDING		0x01000 /* end is O. P. */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_START_OFFSET_FOLLOWING		0x02000 /* start is O. F. */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_END_OFFSET_FOLLOWING		0x04000 /* end is O. F. */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_CURRENT_ROW			0x08000 /* omit C.R. */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_GROUP				0x10000 /* omit C.R. & peers */
+#define FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_TIES				0x20000 /* omit C.R.'s peers */
+
+#define FRAMEOPTION_START_OFFSET \
+	(FRAMEOPTION_START_OFFSET_PRECEDING | FRAMEOPTION_START_OFFSET_FOLLOWING)
+#define FRAMEOPTION_END_OFFSET \
+	(FRAMEOPTION_END_OFFSET_PRECEDING | FRAMEOPTION_END_OFFSET_FOLLOWING)
+#define FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUSION \
+	(FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_CURRENT_ROW | FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_GROUP | \
+	 FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_TIES)
+
+#define FRAMEOPTION_DEFAULTS \
+	(FRAMEOPTION_RANGE | FRAMEOPTION_START_UNBOUNDED_PRECEDING | \
+	 FRAMEOPTION_END_CURRENT_ROW)
+
+/*
+ * RangeSubselect - subquery appearing in a FROM clause
+ */
+typedef struct RangeSubselect
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	bool		lateral;		/* does it have LATERAL prefix? */
+	Node	   *subquery;		/* the untransformed sub-select clause */
+	Alias	   *alias;			/* table alias & optional column aliases */
+} RangeSubselect;
+
+/*
+ * RangeFunction - function call appearing in a FROM clause
+ *
+ * functions is a List because we use this to represent the construct
+ * ROWS FROM(func1(...), func2(...), ...).  Each element of this list is a
+ * two-element sublist, the first element being the untransformed function
+ * call tree, and the second element being a possibly-empty list of ColumnDef
+ * nodes representing any columndef list attached to that function within the
+ * ROWS FROM() syntax.
+ *
+ * alias and coldeflist represent any alias and/or columndef list attached
+ * at the top level.  (We disallow coldeflist appearing both here and
+ * per-function, but that's checked in parse analysis, not by the grammar.)
+ */
+typedef struct RangeFunction
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	bool		lateral;		/* does it have LATERAL prefix? */
+	bool		ordinality;		/* does it have WITH ORDINALITY suffix? */
+	bool		is_rowsfrom;	/* is result of ROWS FROM() syntax? */
+	List	   *functions;		/* per-function information, see above */
+	Alias	   *alias;			/* table alias & optional column aliases */
+	List	   *coldeflist;		/* list of ColumnDef nodes to describe result
+								 * of function returning RECORD */
+} RangeFunction;
+
+/*
+ * RangeTableFunc - raw form of "table functions" such as XMLTABLE
+ */
+typedef struct RangeTableFunc
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	bool		lateral;		/* does it have LATERAL prefix? */
+	Node	   *docexpr;		/* document expression */
+	Node	   *rowexpr;		/* row generator expression */
+	List	   *namespaces;		/* list of namespaces as ResTarget */
+	List	   *columns;		/* list of RangeTableFuncCol */
+	Alias	   *alias;			/* table alias & optional column aliases */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} RangeTableFunc;
+
+/*
+ * RangeTableFuncCol - one column in a RangeTableFunc->columns
+ *
+ * If for_ordinality is true (FOR ORDINALITY), then the column is an int4
+ * column and the rest of the fields are ignored.
+ */
+typedef struct RangeTableFuncCol
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *colname;		/* name of generated column */
+	TypeName   *typeName;		/* type of generated column */
+	bool		for_ordinality; /* does it have FOR ORDINALITY? */
+	bool		is_not_null;	/* does it have NOT NULL? */
+	Node	   *colexpr;		/* column filter expression */
+	Node	   *coldefexpr;		/* column default value expression */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} RangeTableFuncCol;
+
+/*
+ * RangeTableSample - TABLESAMPLE appearing in a raw FROM clause
+ *
+ * This node, appearing only in raw parse trees, represents
+ *		<relation> TABLESAMPLE <method> (<params>) REPEATABLE (<num>)
+ * Currently, the <relation> can only be a RangeVar, but we might in future
+ * allow RangeSubselect and other options.  Note that the RangeTableSample
+ * is wrapped around the node representing the <relation>, rather than being
+ * a subfield of it.
+ */
+typedef struct RangeTableSample
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	Node	   *relation;		/* relation to be sampled */
+	List	   *method;			/* sampling method name (possibly qualified) */
+	List	   *args;			/* argument(s) for sampling method */
+	Node	   *repeatable;		/* REPEATABLE expression, or NULL if none */
+	int			location;		/* method name location, or -1 if unknown */
+} RangeTableSample;
+
+/*
+ * ColumnDef - column definition (used in various creates)
+ *
+ * If the column has a default value, we may have the value expression
+ * in either "raw" form (an untransformed parse tree) or "cooked" form
+ * (a post-parse-analysis, executable expression tree), depending on
+ * how this ColumnDef node was created (by parsing, or by inheritance
+ * from an existing relation).  We should never have both in the same node!
+ *
+ * Similarly, we may have a COLLATE specification in either raw form
+ * (represented as a CollateClause with arg==NULL) or cooked form
+ * (the collation's OID).
+ *
+ * The constraints list may contain a CONSTR_DEFAULT item in a raw
+ * parsetree produced by gram.y, but transformCreateStmt will remove
+ * the item and set raw_default instead.  CONSTR_DEFAULT items
+ * should not appear in any subsequent processing.
+ */
+typedef struct ColumnDef
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *colname;		/* name of column */
+	TypeName   *typeName;		/* type of column */
+	int			inhcount;		/* number of times column is inherited */
+	bool		is_local;		/* column has local (non-inherited) def'n */
+	bool		is_not_null;	/* NOT NULL constraint specified? */
+	bool		is_from_type;	/* column definition came from table type */
+	char		storage;		/* attstorage setting, or 0 for default */
+	Node	   *raw_default;	/* default value (untransformed parse tree) */
+	Node	   *cooked_default; /* default value (transformed expr tree) */
+	char		identity;		/* attidentity setting */
+	RangeVar   *identitySequence;	/* to store identity sequence name for
+									 * ALTER TABLE ... ADD COLUMN */
+	char		generated;		/* attgenerated setting */
+	CollateClause *collClause;	/* untransformed COLLATE spec, if any */
+	Oid			collOid;		/* collation OID (InvalidOid if not set) */
+	List	   *constraints;	/* other constraints on column */
+	List	   *fdwoptions;		/* per-column FDW options */
+	int			location;		/* parse location, or -1 if none/unknown */
+} ColumnDef;
+
+/*
+ * TableLikeClause - CREATE TABLE ( ... LIKE ... ) clause
+ */
+typedef struct TableLikeClause
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *relation;
+	bits32		options;		/* OR of TableLikeOption flags */
+	Oid			relationOid;	/* If table has been looked up, its OID */
+} TableLikeClause;
+
+typedef enum TableLikeOption
+{
+	CREATE_TABLE_LIKE_COMMENTS = 1 << 0,
+	CREATE_TABLE_LIKE_CONSTRAINTS = 1 << 1,
+	CREATE_TABLE_LIKE_DEFAULTS = 1 << 2,
+	CREATE_TABLE_LIKE_GENERATED = 1 << 3,
+	CREATE_TABLE_LIKE_IDENTITY = 1 << 4,
+	CREATE_TABLE_LIKE_INDEXES = 1 << 5,
+	CREATE_TABLE_LIKE_STATISTICS = 1 << 6,
+	CREATE_TABLE_LIKE_STORAGE = 1 << 7,
+	CREATE_TABLE_LIKE_ALL = PG_INT32_MAX
+} TableLikeOption;
+
+/*
+ * IndexElem - index parameters (used in CREATE INDEX, and in ON CONFLICT)
+ *
+ * For a plain index attribute, 'name' is the name of the table column to
+ * index, and 'expr' is NULL.  For an index expression, 'name' is NULL and
+ * 'expr' is the expression tree.
+ */
+typedef struct IndexElem
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *name;			/* name of attribute to index, or NULL */
+	Node	   *expr;			/* expression to index, or NULL */
+	char	   *indexcolname;	/* name for index column; NULL = default */
+	List	   *collation;		/* name of collation; NIL = default */
+	List	   *opclass;		/* name of desired opclass; NIL = default */
+	List	   *opclassopts;	/* opclass-specific options, or NIL */
+	SortByDir	ordering;		/* ASC/DESC/default */
+	SortByNulls nulls_ordering; /* FIRST/LAST/default */
+} IndexElem;
+
+/*
+ * DefElem - a generic "name = value" option definition
+ *
+ * In some contexts the name can be qualified.  Also, certain SQL commands
+ * allow a SET/ADD/DROP action to be attached to option settings, so it's
+ * convenient to carry a field for that too.  (Note: currently, it is our
+ * practice that the grammar allows namespace and action only in statements
+ * where they are relevant; C code can just ignore those fields in other
+ * statements.)
+ */
+typedef enum DefElemAction
+{
+	DEFELEM_UNSPEC,				/* no action given */
+	DEFELEM_SET,
+	DEFELEM_ADD,
+	DEFELEM_DROP
+} DefElemAction;
+
+typedef struct DefElem
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *defnamespace;	/* NULL if unqualified name */
+	char	   *defname;
+	Node	   *arg;			/* a (Value *) or a (TypeName *) */
+	DefElemAction defaction;	/* unspecified action, or SET/ADD/DROP */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} DefElem;
+
+/*
+ * LockingClause - raw representation of FOR [NO KEY] UPDATE/[KEY] SHARE
+ *		options
+ *
+ * Note: lockedRels == NIL means "all relations in query".  Otherwise it
+ * is a list of RangeVar nodes.  (We use RangeVar mainly because it carries
+ * a location field --- currently, parse analysis insists on unqualified
+ * names in LockingClause.)
+ */
+typedef struct LockingClause
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *lockedRels;		/* FOR [KEY] UPDATE/SHARE relations */
+	LockClauseStrength strength;
+	LockWaitPolicy waitPolicy;	/* NOWAIT and SKIP LOCKED */
+} LockingClause;
+
+/*
+ * XMLSERIALIZE (in raw parse tree only)
+ */
+typedef struct XmlSerialize
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	XmlOptionType xmloption;	/* DOCUMENT or CONTENT */
+	Node	   *expr;
+	TypeName   *typeName;
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} XmlSerialize;
+
+/* Partitioning related definitions */
+
+/*
+ * PartitionElem - parse-time representation of a single partition key
+ *
+ * expr can be either a raw expression tree or a parse-analyzed expression.
+ * We don't store these on-disk, though.
+ */
+typedef struct PartitionElem
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *name;			/* name of column to partition on, or NULL */
+	Node	   *expr;			/* expression to partition on, or NULL */
+	List	   *collation;		/* name of collation; NIL = default */
+	List	   *opclass;		/* name of desired opclass; NIL = default */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} PartitionElem;
+
+/*
+ * PartitionSpec - parse-time representation of a partition key specification
+ *
+ * This represents the key space we will be partitioning on.
+ */
+typedef struct PartitionSpec
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *strategy;		/* partitioning strategy ('hash', 'list' or
+								 * 'range') */
+	List	   *partParams;		/* List of PartitionElems */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} PartitionSpec;
+
+/* Internal codes for partitioning strategies */
+#define PARTITION_STRATEGY_HASH		'h'
+#define PARTITION_STRATEGY_LIST		'l'
+#define PARTITION_STRATEGY_RANGE	'r'
+
+/*
+ * PartitionBoundSpec - a partition bound specification
+ *
+ * This represents the portion of the partition key space assigned to a
+ * particular partition.  These are stored on disk in pg_class.relpartbound.
+ */
+struct PartitionBoundSpec
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+
+	char		strategy;		/* see PARTITION_STRATEGY codes above */
+	bool		is_default;		/* is it a default partition bound? */
+
+	/* Partitioning info for HASH strategy: */
+	int			modulus;
+	int			remainder;
+
+	/* Partitioning info for LIST strategy: */
+	List	   *listdatums;		/* List of Consts (or A_Consts in raw tree) */
+
+	/* Partitioning info for RANGE strategy: */
+	List	   *lowerdatums;	/* List of PartitionRangeDatums */
+	List	   *upperdatums;	/* List of PartitionRangeDatums */
+
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+};
+
+/*
+ * PartitionRangeDatum - one of the values in a range partition bound
+ *
+ * This can be MINVALUE, MAXVALUE or a specific bounded value.
+ */
+typedef enum PartitionRangeDatumKind
+{
+	PARTITION_RANGE_DATUM_MINVALUE = -1,	/* less than any other value */
+	PARTITION_RANGE_DATUM_VALUE = 0,	/* a specific (bounded) value */
+	PARTITION_RANGE_DATUM_MAXVALUE = 1	/* greater than any other value */
+} PartitionRangeDatumKind;
+
+typedef struct PartitionRangeDatum
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+
+	PartitionRangeDatumKind kind;
+	Node	   *value;			/* Const (or A_Const in raw tree), if kind is
+								 * PARTITION_RANGE_DATUM_VALUE, else NULL */
+
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} PartitionRangeDatum;
+
+/*
+ * PartitionCmd - info for ALTER TABLE/INDEX ATTACH/DETACH PARTITION commands
+ */
+typedef struct PartitionCmd
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *name;			/* name of partition to attach/detach */
+	PartitionBoundSpec *bound;	/* FOR VALUES, if attaching */
+} PartitionCmd;
+
+/****************************************************************************
+ *	Nodes for a Query tree
+ ****************************************************************************/
+
+/*--------------------
+ * RangeTblEntry -
+ *	  A range table is a List of RangeTblEntry nodes.
+ *
+ *	  A range table entry may represent a plain relation, a sub-select in
+ *	  FROM, or the result of a JOIN clause.  (Only explicit JOIN syntax
+ *	  produces an RTE, not the implicit join resulting from multiple FROM
+ *	  items.  This is because we only need the RTE to deal with SQL features
+ *	  like outer joins and join-output-column aliasing.)  Other special
+ *	  RTE types also exist, as indicated by RTEKind.
+ *
+ *	  Note that we consider RTE_RELATION to cover anything that has a pg_class
+ *	  entry.  relkind distinguishes the sub-cases.
+ *
+ *	  alias is an Alias node representing the AS alias-clause attached to the
+ *	  FROM expression, or NULL if no clause.
+ *
+ *	  eref is the table reference name and column reference names (either
+ *	  real or aliases).  Note that system columns (OID etc) are not included
+ *	  in the column list.
+ *	  eref->aliasname is required to be present, and should generally be used
+ *	  to identify the RTE for error messages etc.
+ *
+ *	  In RELATION RTEs, the colnames in both alias and eref are indexed by
+ *	  physical attribute number; this means there must be colname entries for
+ *	  dropped columns.  When building an RTE we insert empty strings ("") for
+ *	  dropped columns.  Note however that a stored rule may have nonempty
+ *	  colnames for columns dropped since the rule was created (and for that
+ *	  matter the colnames might be out of date due to column renamings).
+ *	  The same comments apply to FUNCTION RTEs when a function's return type
+ *	  is a named composite type.
+ *
+ *	  In JOIN RTEs, the colnames in both alias and eref are one-to-one with
+ *	  joinaliasvars entries.  A JOIN RTE will omit columns of its inputs when
+ *	  those columns are known to be dropped at parse time.  Again, however,
+ *	  a stored rule might contain entries for columns dropped since the rule
+ *	  was created.  (This is only possible for columns not actually referenced
+ *	  in the rule.)  When loading a stored rule, we replace the joinaliasvars
+ *	  items for any such columns with null pointers.  (We can't simply delete
+ *	  them from the joinaliasvars list, because that would affect the attnums
+ *	  of Vars referencing the rest of the list.)
+ *
+ *	  inh is true for relation references that should be expanded to include
+ *	  inheritance children, if the rel has any.  This *must* be false for
+ *	  RTEs other than RTE_RELATION entries.
+ *
+ *	  inFromCl marks those range variables that are listed in the FROM clause.
+ *	  It's false for RTEs that are added to a query behind the scenes, such
+ *	  as the NEW and OLD variables for a rule, or the subqueries of a UNION.
+ *	  This flag is not used anymore during parsing, since the parser now uses
+ *	  a separate "namespace" data structure to control visibility, but it is
+ *	  needed by ruleutils.c to determine whether RTEs should be shown in
+ *	  decompiled queries.
+ *
+ *	  requiredPerms and checkAsUser specify run-time access permissions
+ *	  checks to be performed at query startup.  The user must have *all*
+ *	  of the permissions that are OR'd together in requiredPerms (zero
+ *	  indicates no permissions checking).  If checkAsUser is not zero,
+ *	  then do the permissions checks using the access rights of that user,
+ *	  not the current effective user ID.  (This allows rules to act as
+ *	  setuid gateways.)  Permissions checks only apply to RELATION RTEs.
+ *
+ *	  For SELECT/INSERT/UPDATE permissions, if the user doesn't have
+ *	  table-wide permissions then it is sufficient to have the permissions
+ *	  on all columns identified in selectedCols (for SELECT) and/or
+ *	  insertedCols and/or updatedCols (INSERT with ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE may
+ *	  have all 3).  selectedCols, insertedCols and updatedCols are bitmapsets,
+ *	  which cannot have negative integer members, so we subtract
+ *	  FirstLowInvalidHeapAttributeNumber from column numbers before storing
+ *	  them in these fields.  A whole-row Var reference is represented by
+ *	  setting the bit for InvalidAttrNumber.
+ *
+ *	  updatedCols is also used in some other places, for example, to determine
+ *	  which triggers to fire and in FDWs to know which changed columns they
+ *	  need to ship off.
+ *
+ *	  Generated columns that are caused to be updated by an update to a base
+ *	  column are listed in extraUpdatedCols.  This is not considered for
+ *	  permission checking, but it is useful in those places that want to know
+ *	  the full set of columns being updated as opposed to only the ones the
+ *	  user explicitly mentioned in the query.  (There is currently no need for
+ *	  an extraInsertedCols, but it could exist.)  Note that extraUpdatedCols
+ *	  is populated during query rewrite, NOT in the parser, since generated
+ *	  columns could be added after a rule has been parsed and stored.
+ *
+ *	  securityQuals is a list of security barrier quals (boolean expressions),
+ *	  to be tested in the listed order before returning a row from the
+ *	  relation.  It is always NIL in parser output.  Entries are added by the
+ *	  rewriter to implement security-barrier views and/or row-level security.
+ *	  Note that the planner turns each boolean expression into an implicitly
+ *	  AND'ed sublist, as is its usual habit with qualification expressions.
+ *--------------------
+ */
+typedef enum RTEKind
+{
+	RTE_RELATION,				/* ordinary relation reference */
+	RTE_SUBQUERY,				/* subquery in FROM */
+	RTE_JOIN,					/* join */
+	RTE_FUNCTION,				/* function in FROM */
+	RTE_TABLEFUNC,				/* TableFunc(.., column list) */
+	RTE_VALUES,					/* VALUES (<exprlist>), (<exprlist>), ... */
+	RTE_CTE,					/* common table expr (WITH list element) */
+	RTE_NAMEDTUPLESTORE,		/* tuplestore, e.g. for AFTER triggers */
+	RTE_RESULT					/* RTE represents an empty FROM clause; such
+								 * RTEs are added by the planner, they're not
+								 * present during parsing or rewriting */
+} RTEKind;
+
+typedef struct RangeTblEntry
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+
+	RTEKind		rtekind;		/* see above */
+
+	/*
+	 * XXX the fields applicable to only some rte kinds should be merged into
+	 * a union.  I didn't do this yet because the diffs would impact a lot of
+	 * code that is being actively worked on.  FIXME someday.
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * Fields valid for a plain relation RTE (else zero):
+	 *
+	 * As a special case, RTE_NAMEDTUPLESTORE can also set relid to indicate
+	 * that the tuple format of the tuplestore is the same as the referenced
+	 * relation.  This allows plans referencing AFTER trigger transition
+	 * tables to be invalidated if the underlying table is altered.
+	 *
+	 * rellockmode is really LOCKMODE, but it's declared int to avoid having
+	 * to include lock-related headers here.  It must be RowExclusiveLock if
+	 * the RTE is an INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE target, else RowShareLock if the RTE
+	 * is a SELECT FOR UPDATE/FOR SHARE target, else AccessShareLock.
+	 *
+	 * Note: in some cases, rule expansion may result in RTEs that are marked
+	 * with RowExclusiveLock even though they are not the target of the
+	 * current query; this happens if a DO ALSO rule simply scans the original
+	 * target table.  We leave such RTEs with their original lockmode so as to
+	 * avoid getting an additional, lesser lock.
+	 */
+	Oid			relid;			/* OID of the relation */
+	char		relkind;		/* relation kind (see pg_class.relkind) */
+	int			rellockmode;	/* lock level that query requires on the rel */
+	struct TableSampleClause *tablesample;	/* sampling info, or NULL */
+
+	/*
+	 * Fields valid for a subquery RTE (else NULL):
+	 */
+	Query	   *subquery;		/* the sub-query */
+	bool		security_barrier;	/* is from security_barrier view? */
+
+	/*
+	 * Fields valid for a join RTE (else NULL/zero):
+	 *
+	 * joinaliasvars is a list of (usually) Vars corresponding to the columns
+	 * of the join result.  An alias Var referencing column K of the join
+	 * result can be replaced by the K'th element of joinaliasvars --- but to
+	 * simplify the task of reverse-listing aliases correctly, we do not do
+	 * that until planning time.  In detail: an element of joinaliasvars can
+	 * be a Var of one of the join's input relations, or such a Var with an
+	 * implicit coercion to the join's output column type, or a COALESCE
+	 * expression containing the two input column Vars (possibly coerced).
+	 * Elements beyond the first joinmergedcols entries are always just Vars,
+	 * and are never referenced from elsewhere in the query (that is, join
+	 * alias Vars are generated only for merged columns).  We keep these
+	 * entries only because they're needed in expandRTE() and similar code.
+	 *
+	 * Within a Query loaded from a stored rule, it is possible for non-merged
+	 * joinaliasvars items to be null pointers, which are placeholders for
+	 * (necessarily unreferenced) columns dropped since the rule was made.
+	 * Also, once planning begins, joinaliasvars items can be almost anything,
+	 * as a result of subquery-flattening substitutions.
+	 *
+	 * joinleftcols is an integer list of physical column numbers of the left
+	 * join input rel that are included in the join; likewise joinrighttcols
+	 * for the right join input rel.  (Which rels those are can be determined
+	 * from the associated JoinExpr.)  If the join is USING/NATURAL, then the
+	 * first joinmergedcols entries in each list identify the merged columns.
+	 * The merged columns come first in the join output, then remaining
+	 * columns of the left input, then remaining columns of the right.
+	 *
+	 * Note that input columns could have been dropped after creation of a
+	 * stored rule, if they are not referenced in the query (in particular,
+	 * merged columns could not be dropped); this is not accounted for in
+	 * joinleftcols/joinrighttcols.
+	 */
+	JoinType	jointype;		/* type of join */
+	int			joinmergedcols; /* number of merged (JOIN USING) columns */
+	List	   *joinaliasvars;	/* list of alias-var expansions */
+	List	   *joinleftcols;	/* left-side input column numbers */
+	List	   *joinrightcols;	/* right-side input column numbers */
+
+	/*
+	 * Fields valid for a function RTE (else NIL/zero):
+	 *
+	 * When funcordinality is true, the eref->colnames list includes an alias
+	 * for the ordinality column.  The ordinality column is otherwise
+	 * implicit, and must be accounted for "by hand" in places such as
+	 * expandRTE().
+	 */
+	List	   *functions;		/* list of RangeTblFunction nodes */
+	bool		funcordinality; /* is this called WITH ORDINALITY? */
+
+	/*
+	 * Fields valid for a TableFunc RTE (else NULL):
+	 */
+	TableFunc  *tablefunc;
+
+	/*
+	 * Fields valid for a values RTE (else NIL):
+	 */
+	List	   *values_lists;	/* list of expression lists */
+
+	/*
+	 * Fields valid for a CTE RTE (else NULL/zero):
+	 */
+	char	   *ctename;		/* name of the WITH list item */
+	Index		ctelevelsup;	/* number of query levels up */
+	bool		self_reference; /* is this a recursive self-reference? */
+
+	/*
+	 * Fields valid for CTE, VALUES, ENR, and TableFunc RTEs (else NIL):
+	 *
+	 * We need these for CTE RTEs so that the types of self-referential
+	 * columns are well-defined.  For VALUES RTEs, storing these explicitly
+	 * saves having to re-determine the info by scanning the values_lists. For
+	 * ENRs, we store the types explicitly here (we could get the information
+	 * from the catalogs if 'relid' was supplied, but we'd still need these
+	 * for TupleDesc-based ENRs, so we might as well always store the type
+	 * info here).  For TableFuncs, these fields are redundant with data in
+	 * the TableFunc node, but keeping them here allows some code sharing with
+	 * the other cases.
+	 *
+	 * For ENRs only, we have to consider the possibility of dropped columns.
+	 * A dropped column is included in these lists, but it will have zeroes in
+	 * all three lists (as well as an empty-string entry in eref).  Testing
+	 * for zero coltype is the standard way to detect a dropped column.
+	 */
+	List	   *coltypes;		/* OID list of column type OIDs */
+	List	   *coltypmods;		/* integer list of column typmods */
+	List	   *colcollations;	/* OID list of column collation OIDs */
+
+	/*
+	 * Fields valid for ENR RTEs (else NULL/zero):
+	 */
+	char	   *enrname;		/* name of ephemeral named relation */
+	double		enrtuples;		/* estimated or actual from caller */
+
+	/*
+	 * Fields valid in all RTEs:
+	 */
+	Alias	   *alias;			/* user-written alias clause, if any */
+	Alias	   *eref;			/* expanded reference names */
+	bool		lateral;		/* subquery, function, or values is LATERAL? */
+	bool		inh;			/* inheritance requested? */
+	bool		inFromCl;		/* present in FROM clause? */
+	AclMode		requiredPerms;	/* bitmask of required access permissions */
+	Oid			checkAsUser;	/* if valid, check access as this role */
+	Bitmapset  *selectedCols;	/* columns needing SELECT permission */
+	Bitmapset  *insertedCols;	/* columns needing INSERT permission */
+	Bitmapset  *updatedCols;	/* columns needing UPDATE permission */
+	Bitmapset  *extraUpdatedCols;	/* generated columns being updated */
+	List	   *securityQuals;	/* security barrier quals to apply, if any */
+} RangeTblEntry;
+
+/*
+ * RangeTblFunction -
+ *	  RangeTblEntry subsidiary data for one function in a FUNCTION RTE.
+ *
+ * If the function had a column definition list (required for an
+ * otherwise-unspecified RECORD result), funccolnames lists the names given
+ * in the definition list, funccoltypes lists their declared column types,
+ * funccoltypmods lists their typmods, funccolcollations their collations.
+ * Otherwise, those fields are NIL.
+ *
+ * Notice we don't attempt to store info about the results of functions
+ * returning named composite types, because those can change from time to
+ * time.  We do however remember how many columns we thought the type had
+ * (including dropped columns!), so that we can successfully ignore any
+ * columns added after the query was parsed.
+ */
+typedef struct RangeTblFunction
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+
+	Node	   *funcexpr;		/* expression tree for func call */
+	int			funccolcount;	/* number of columns it contributes to RTE */
+	/* These fields record the contents of a column definition list, if any: */
+	List	   *funccolnames;	/* column names (list of String) */
+	List	   *funccoltypes;	/* OID list of column type OIDs */
+	List	   *funccoltypmods; /* integer list of column typmods */
+	List	   *funccolcollations;	/* OID list of column collation OIDs */
+	/* This is set during planning for use by the executor: */
+	Bitmapset  *funcparams;		/* PARAM_EXEC Param IDs affecting this func */
+} RangeTblFunction;
+
+/*
+ * TableSampleClause - TABLESAMPLE appearing in a transformed FROM clause
+ *
+ * Unlike RangeTableSample, this is a subnode of the relevant RangeTblEntry.
+ */
+typedef struct TableSampleClause
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	Oid			tsmhandler;		/* OID of the tablesample handler function */
+	List	   *args;			/* tablesample argument expression(s) */
+	Expr	   *repeatable;		/* REPEATABLE expression, or NULL if none */
+} TableSampleClause;
+
+/*
+ * WithCheckOption -
+ *		representation of WITH CHECK OPTION checks to be applied to new tuples
+ *		when inserting/updating an auto-updatable view, or RLS WITH CHECK
+ *		policies to be applied when inserting/updating a relation with RLS.
+ */
+typedef enum WCOKind
+{
+	WCO_VIEW_CHECK,				/* WCO on an auto-updatable view */
+	WCO_RLS_INSERT_CHECK,		/* RLS INSERT WITH CHECK policy */
+	WCO_RLS_UPDATE_CHECK,		/* RLS UPDATE WITH CHECK policy */
+	WCO_RLS_CONFLICT_CHECK		/* RLS ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE USING policy */
+} WCOKind;
+
+typedef struct WithCheckOption
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	WCOKind		kind;			/* kind of WCO */
+	char	   *relname;		/* name of relation that specified the WCO */
+	char	   *polname;		/* name of RLS policy being checked */
+	Node	   *qual;			/* constraint qual to check */
+	bool		cascaded;		/* true for a cascaded WCO on a view */
+} WithCheckOption;
+
+/*
+ * SortGroupClause -
+ *		representation of ORDER BY, GROUP BY, PARTITION BY,
+ *		DISTINCT, DISTINCT ON items
+ *
+ * You might think that ORDER BY is only interested in defining ordering,
+ * and GROUP/DISTINCT are only interested in defining equality.  However,
+ * one way to implement grouping is to sort and then apply a "uniq"-like
+ * filter.  So it's also interesting to keep track of possible sort operators
+ * for GROUP/DISTINCT, and in particular to try to sort for the grouping
+ * in a way that will also yield a requested ORDER BY ordering.  So we need
+ * to be able to compare ORDER BY and GROUP/DISTINCT lists, which motivates
+ * the decision to give them the same representation.
+ *
+ * tleSortGroupRef must match ressortgroupref of exactly one entry of the
+ *		query's targetlist; that is the expression to be sorted or grouped by.
+ * eqop is the OID of the equality operator.
+ * sortop is the OID of the ordering operator (a "<" or ">" operator),
+ *		or InvalidOid if not available.
+ * nulls_first means about what you'd expect.  If sortop is InvalidOid
+ *		then nulls_first is meaningless and should be set to false.
+ * hashable is true if eqop is hashable (note this condition also depends
+ *		on the datatype of the input expression).
+ *
+ * In an ORDER BY item, all fields must be valid.  (The eqop isn't essential
+ * here, but it's cheap to get it along with the sortop, and requiring it
+ * to be valid eases comparisons to grouping items.)  Note that this isn't
+ * actually enough information to determine an ordering: if the sortop is
+ * collation-sensitive, a collation OID is needed too.  We don't store the
+ * collation in SortGroupClause because it's not available at the time the
+ * parser builds the SortGroupClause; instead, consult the exposed collation
+ * of the referenced targetlist expression to find out what it is.
+ *
+ * In a grouping item, eqop must be valid.  If the eqop is a btree equality
+ * operator, then sortop should be set to a compatible ordering operator.
+ * We prefer to set eqop/sortop/nulls_first to match any ORDER BY item that
+ * the query presents for the same tlist item.  If there is none, we just
+ * use the default ordering op for the datatype.
+ *
+ * If the tlist item's type has a hash opclass but no btree opclass, then
+ * we will set eqop to the hash equality operator, sortop to InvalidOid,
+ * and nulls_first to false.  A grouping item of this kind can only be
+ * implemented by hashing, and of course it'll never match an ORDER BY item.
+ *
+ * The hashable flag is provided since we generally have the requisite
+ * information readily available when the SortGroupClause is constructed,
+ * and it's relatively expensive to get it again later.  Note there is no
+ * need for a "sortable" flag since OidIsValid(sortop) serves the purpose.
+ *
+ * A query might have both ORDER BY and DISTINCT (or DISTINCT ON) clauses.
+ * In SELECT DISTINCT, the distinctClause list is as long or longer than the
+ * sortClause list, while in SELECT DISTINCT ON it's typically shorter.
+ * The two lists must match up to the end of the shorter one --- the parser
+ * rearranges the distinctClause if necessary to make this true.  (This
+ * restriction ensures that only one sort step is needed to both satisfy the
+ * ORDER BY and set up for the Unique step.  This is semantically necessary
+ * for DISTINCT ON, and presents no real drawback for DISTINCT.)
+ */
+typedef struct SortGroupClause
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	Index		tleSortGroupRef;	/* reference into targetlist */
+	Oid			eqop;			/* the equality operator ('=' op) */
+	Oid			sortop;			/* the ordering operator ('<' op), or 0 */
+	bool		nulls_first;	/* do NULLs come before normal values? */
+	bool		hashable;		/* can eqop be implemented by hashing? */
+} SortGroupClause;
+
+/*
+ * GroupingSet -
+ *		representation of CUBE, ROLLUP and GROUPING SETS clauses
+ *
+ * In a Query with grouping sets, the groupClause contains a flat list of
+ * SortGroupClause nodes for each distinct expression used.  The actual
+ * structure of the GROUP BY clause is given by the groupingSets tree.
+ *
+ * In the raw parser output, GroupingSet nodes (of all types except SIMPLE
+ * which is not used) are potentially mixed in with the expressions in the
+ * groupClause of the SelectStmt.  (An expression can't contain a GroupingSet,
+ * but a list may mix GroupingSet and expression nodes.)  At this stage, the
+ * content of each node is a list of expressions, some of which may be RowExprs
+ * which represent sublists rather than actual row constructors, and nested
+ * GroupingSet nodes where legal in the grammar.  The structure directly
+ * reflects the query syntax.
+ *
+ * In parse analysis, the transformed expressions are used to build the tlist
+ * and groupClause list (of SortGroupClause nodes), and the groupingSets tree
+ * is eventually reduced to a fixed format:
+ *
+ * EMPTY nodes represent (), and obviously have no content
+ *
+ * SIMPLE nodes represent a list of one or more expressions to be treated as an
+ * atom by the enclosing structure; the content is an integer list of
+ * ressortgroupref values (see SortGroupClause)
+ *
+ * CUBE and ROLLUP nodes contain a list of one or more SIMPLE nodes.
+ *
+ * SETS nodes contain a list of EMPTY, SIMPLE, CUBE or ROLLUP nodes, but after
+ * parse analysis they cannot contain more SETS nodes; enough of the syntactic
+ * transforms of the spec have been applied that we no longer have arbitrarily
+ * deep nesting (though we still preserve the use of cube/rollup).
+ *
+ * Note that if the groupingSets tree contains no SIMPLE nodes (only EMPTY
+ * nodes at the leaves), then the groupClause will be empty, but this is still
+ * an aggregation query (similar to using aggs or HAVING without GROUP BY).
+ *
+ * As an example, the following clause:
+ *
+ * GROUP BY GROUPING SETS ((a,b), CUBE(c,(d,e)))
+ *
+ * looks like this after raw parsing:
+ *
+ * SETS( RowExpr(a,b) , CUBE( c, RowExpr(d,e) ) )
+ *
+ * and parse analysis converts it to:
+ *
+ * SETS( SIMPLE(1,2), CUBE( SIMPLE(3), SIMPLE(4,5) ) )
+ */
+typedef enum
+{
+	GROUPING_SET_EMPTY,
+	GROUPING_SET_SIMPLE,
+	GROUPING_SET_ROLLUP,
+	GROUPING_SET_CUBE,
+	GROUPING_SET_SETS
+} GroupingSetKind;
+
+typedef struct GroupingSet
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	GroupingSetKind kind;
+	List	   *content;
+	int			location;
+} GroupingSet;
+
+/*
+ * WindowClause -
+ *		transformed representation of WINDOW and OVER clauses
+ *
+ * A parsed Query's windowClause list contains these structs.  "name" is set
+ * if the clause originally came from WINDOW, and is NULL if it originally
+ * was an OVER clause (but note that we collapse out duplicate OVERs).
+ * partitionClause and orderClause are lists of SortGroupClause structs.
+ * If we have RANGE with offset PRECEDING/FOLLOWING, the semantics of that are
+ * specified by startInRangeFunc/inRangeColl/inRangeAsc/inRangeNullsFirst
+ * for the start offset, or endInRangeFunc/inRange* for the end offset.
+ * winref is an ID number referenced by WindowFunc nodes; it must be unique
+ * among the members of a Query's windowClause list.
+ * When refname isn't null, the partitionClause is always copied from there;
+ * the orderClause might or might not be copied (see copiedOrder); the framing
+ * options are never copied, per spec.
+ */
+typedef struct WindowClause
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *name;			/* window name (NULL in an OVER clause) */
+	char	   *refname;		/* referenced window name, if any */
+	List	   *partitionClause;	/* PARTITION BY list */
+	List	   *orderClause;	/* ORDER BY list */
+	int			frameOptions;	/* frame_clause options, see WindowDef */
+	Node	   *startOffset;	/* expression for starting bound, if any */
+	Node	   *endOffset;		/* expression for ending bound, if any */
+	Oid			startInRangeFunc;	/* in_range function for startOffset */
+	Oid			endInRangeFunc; /* in_range function for endOffset */
+	Oid			inRangeColl;	/* collation for in_range tests */
+	bool		inRangeAsc;		/* use ASC sort order for in_range tests? */
+	bool		inRangeNullsFirst;	/* nulls sort first for in_range tests? */
+	Index		winref;			/* ID referenced by window functions */
+	bool		copiedOrder;	/* did we copy orderClause from refname? */
+} WindowClause;
+
+/*
+ * RowMarkClause -
+ *	   parser output representation of FOR [KEY] UPDATE/SHARE clauses
+ *
+ * Query.rowMarks contains a separate RowMarkClause node for each relation
+ * identified as a FOR [KEY] UPDATE/SHARE target.  If one of these clauses
+ * is applied to a subquery, we generate RowMarkClauses for all normal and
+ * subquery rels in the subquery, but they are marked pushedDown = true to
+ * distinguish them from clauses that were explicitly written at this query
+ * level.  Also, Query.hasForUpdate tells whether there were explicit FOR
+ * UPDATE/SHARE/KEY SHARE clauses in the current query level.
+ */
+typedef struct RowMarkClause
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	Index		rti;			/* range table index of target relation */
+	LockClauseStrength strength;
+	LockWaitPolicy waitPolicy;	/* NOWAIT and SKIP LOCKED */
+	bool		pushedDown;		/* pushed down from higher query level? */
+} RowMarkClause;
+
+/*
+ * WithClause -
+ *	   representation of WITH clause
+ *
+ * Note: WithClause does not propagate into the Query representation;
+ * but CommonTableExpr does.
+ */
+typedef struct WithClause
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *ctes;			/* list of CommonTableExprs */
+	bool		recursive;		/* true = WITH RECURSIVE */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} WithClause;
+
+/*
+ * InferClause -
+ *		ON CONFLICT unique index inference clause
+ *
+ * Note: InferClause does not propagate into the Query representation.
+ */
+typedef struct InferClause
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *indexElems;		/* IndexElems to infer unique index */
+	Node	   *whereClause;	/* qualification (partial-index predicate) */
+	char	   *conname;		/* Constraint name, or NULL if unnamed */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} InferClause;
+
+/*
+ * OnConflictClause -
+ *		representation of ON CONFLICT clause
+ *
+ * Note: OnConflictClause does not propagate into the Query representation.
+ */
+typedef struct OnConflictClause
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	OnConflictAction action;	/* DO NOTHING or UPDATE? */
+	InferClause *infer;			/* Optional index inference clause */
+	List	   *targetList;		/* the target list (of ResTarget) */
+	Node	   *whereClause;	/* qualifications */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+} OnConflictClause;
+
+/*
+ * CommonTableExpr -
+ *	   representation of WITH list element
+ *
+ * We don't currently support the SEARCH or CYCLE clause.
+ */
+typedef enum CTEMaterialize
+{
+	CTEMaterializeDefault,		/* no option specified */
+	CTEMaterializeAlways,		/* MATERIALIZED */
+	CTEMaterializeNever			/* NOT MATERIALIZED */
+} CTEMaterialize;
+
+typedef struct CommonTableExpr
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *ctename;		/* query name (never qualified) */
+	List	   *aliascolnames;	/* optional list of column names */
+	CTEMaterialize ctematerialized; /* is this an optimization fence? */
+	/* SelectStmt/InsertStmt/etc before parse analysis, Query afterwards: */
+	Node	   *ctequery;		/* the CTE's subquery */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+	/* These fields are set during parse analysis: */
+	bool		cterecursive;	/* is this CTE actually recursive? */
+	int			cterefcount;	/* number of RTEs referencing this CTE
+								 * (excluding internal self-references) */
+	List	   *ctecolnames;	/* list of output column names */
+	List	   *ctecoltypes;	/* OID list of output column type OIDs */
+	List	   *ctecoltypmods;	/* integer list of output column typmods */
+	List	   *ctecolcollations;	/* OID list of column collation OIDs */
+} CommonTableExpr;
+
+/* Convenience macro to get the output tlist of a CTE's query */
+#define GetCTETargetList(cte) \
+	(AssertMacro(IsA((cte)->ctequery, Query)), \
+	 ((Query *) (cte)->ctequery)->commandType == CMD_SELECT ? \
+	 ((Query *) (cte)->ctequery)->targetList : \
+	 ((Query *) (cte)->ctequery)->returningList)
+
+/*
+ * TriggerTransition -
+ *	   representation of transition row or table naming clause
+ *
+ * Only transition tables are initially supported in the syntax, and only for
+ * AFTER triggers, but other permutations are accepted by the parser so we can
+ * give a meaningful message from C code.
+ */
+typedef struct TriggerTransition
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *name;
+	bool		isNew;
+	bool		isTable;
+} TriggerTransition;
+
+/*****************************************************************************
+ *		Raw Grammar Output Statements
+ *****************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ *		RawStmt --- container for any one statement's raw parse tree
+ *
+ * Parse analysis converts a raw parse tree headed by a RawStmt node into
+ * an analyzed statement headed by a Query node.  For optimizable statements,
+ * the conversion is complex.  For utility statements, the parser usually just
+ * transfers the raw parse tree (sans RawStmt) into the utilityStmt field of
+ * the Query node, and all the useful work happens at execution time.
+ *
+ * stmt_location/stmt_len identify the portion of the source text string
+ * containing this raw statement (useful for multi-statement strings).
+ */
+typedef struct RawStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	Node	   *stmt;			/* raw parse tree */
+	int			stmt_location;	/* start location, or -1 if unknown */
+	int			stmt_len;		/* length in bytes; 0 means "rest of string" */
+} RawStmt;
+
+/*****************************************************************************
+ *		Optimizable Statements
+ *****************************************************************************/
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Insert Statement
+ *
+ * The source expression is represented by SelectStmt for both the
+ * SELECT and VALUES cases.  If selectStmt is NULL, then the query
+ * is INSERT ... DEFAULT VALUES.
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct InsertStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* relation to insert into */
+	List	   *cols;			/* optional: names of the target columns */
+	Node	   *selectStmt;		/* the source SELECT/VALUES, or NULL */
+	OnConflictClause *onConflictClause; /* ON CONFLICT clause */
+	List	   *returningList;	/* list of expressions to return */
+	WithClause *withClause;		/* WITH clause */
+	OverridingKind override;	/* OVERRIDING clause */
+} InsertStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Delete Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct DeleteStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* relation to delete from */
+	List	   *usingClause;	/* optional using clause for more tables */
+	Node	   *whereClause;	/* qualifications */
+	List	   *returningList;	/* list of expressions to return */
+	WithClause *withClause;		/* WITH clause */
+} DeleteStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Update Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct UpdateStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* relation to update */
+	List	   *targetList;		/* the target list (of ResTarget) */
+	Node	   *whereClause;	/* qualifications */
+	List	   *fromClause;		/* optional from clause for more tables */
+	List	   *returningList;	/* list of expressions to return */
+	WithClause *withClause;		/* WITH clause */
+} UpdateStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Select Statement
+ *
+ * A "simple" SELECT is represented in the output of gram.y by a single
+ * SelectStmt node; so is a VALUES construct.  A query containing set
+ * operators (UNION, INTERSECT, EXCEPT) is represented by a tree of SelectStmt
+ * nodes, in which the leaf nodes are component SELECTs and the internal nodes
+ * represent UNION, INTERSECT, or EXCEPT operators.  Using the same node
+ * type for both leaf and internal nodes allows gram.y to stick ORDER BY,
+ * LIMIT, etc, clause values into a SELECT statement without worrying
+ * whether it is a simple or compound SELECT.
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef enum SetOperation
+{
+	SETOP_NONE = 0,
+	SETOP_UNION,
+	SETOP_INTERSECT,
+	SETOP_EXCEPT
+} SetOperation;
+
+typedef struct SelectStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+
+	/*
+	 * These fields are used only in "leaf" SelectStmts.
+	 */
+	List	   *distinctClause; /* NULL, list of DISTINCT ON exprs, or
+								 * lcons(NIL,NIL) for all (SELECT DISTINCT) */
+	IntoClause *intoClause;		/* target for SELECT INTO */
+	List	   *targetList;		/* the target list (of ResTarget) */
+	List	   *fromClause;		/* the FROM clause */
+	Node	   *whereClause;	/* WHERE qualification */
+	List	   *groupClause;	/* GROUP BY clauses */
+	Node	   *havingClause;	/* HAVING conditional-expression */
+	List	   *windowClause;	/* WINDOW window_name AS (...), ... */
+
+	/*
+	 * In a "leaf" node representing a VALUES list, the above fields are all
+	 * null, and instead this field is set.  Note that the elements of the
+	 * sublists are just expressions, without ResTarget decoration. Also note
+	 * that a list element can be DEFAULT (represented as a SetToDefault
+	 * node), regardless of the context of the VALUES list. It's up to parse
+	 * analysis to reject that where not valid.
+	 */
+	List	   *valuesLists;	/* untransformed list of expression lists */
+
+	/*
+	 * These fields are used in both "leaf" SelectStmts and upper-level
+	 * SelectStmts.
+	 */
+	List	   *sortClause;		/* sort clause (a list of SortBy's) */
+	Node	   *limitOffset;	/* # of result tuples to skip */
+	Node	   *limitCount;		/* # of result tuples to return */
+	LimitOption limitOption;	/* limit type */
+	List	   *lockingClause;	/* FOR UPDATE (list of LockingClause's) */
+	WithClause *withClause;		/* WITH clause */
+
+	/*
+	 * These fields are used only in upper-level SelectStmts.
+	 */
+	SetOperation op;			/* type of set op */
+	bool		all;			/* ALL specified? */
+	struct SelectStmt *larg;	/* left child */
+	struct SelectStmt *rarg;	/* right child */
+	/* Eventually add fields for CORRESPONDING spec here */
+} SelectStmt;
+
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Set Operation node for post-analysis query trees
+ *
+ * After parse analysis, a SELECT with set operations is represented by a
+ * top-level Query node containing the leaf SELECTs as subqueries in its
+ * range table.  Its setOperations field shows the tree of set operations,
+ * with leaf SelectStmt nodes replaced by RangeTblRef nodes, and internal
+ * nodes replaced by SetOperationStmt nodes.  Information about the output
+ * column types is added, too.  (Note that the child nodes do not necessarily
+ * produce these types directly, but we've checked that their output types
+ * can be coerced to the output column type.)  Also, if it's not UNION ALL,
+ * information about the types' sort/group semantics is provided in the form
+ * of a SortGroupClause list (same representation as, eg, DISTINCT).
+ * The resolved common column collations are provided too; but note that if
+ * it's not UNION ALL, it's okay for a column to not have a common collation,
+ * so a member of the colCollations list could be InvalidOid even though the
+ * column has a collatable type.
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct SetOperationStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	SetOperation op;			/* type of set op */
+	bool		all;			/* ALL specified? */
+	Node	   *larg;			/* left child */
+	Node	   *rarg;			/* right child */
+	/* Eventually add fields for CORRESPONDING spec here */
+
+	/* Fields derived during parse analysis: */
+	List	   *colTypes;		/* OID list of output column type OIDs */
+	List	   *colTypmods;		/* integer list of output column typmods */
+	List	   *colCollations;	/* OID list of output column collation OIDs */
+	List	   *groupClauses;	/* a list of SortGroupClause's */
+	/* groupClauses is NIL if UNION ALL, but must be set otherwise */
+} SetOperationStmt;
+
+
+/*****************************************************************************
+ *		Other Statements (no optimizations required)
+ *
+ *		These are not touched by parser/analyze.c except to put them into
+ *		the utilityStmt field of a Query.  This is eventually passed to
+ *		ProcessUtility (by-passing rewriting and planning).  Some of the
+ *		statements do need attention from parse analysis, and this is
+ *		done by routines in parser/parse_utilcmd.c after ProcessUtility
+ *		receives the command for execution.
+ *		DECLARE CURSOR, EXPLAIN, and CREATE TABLE AS are special cases:
+ *		they contain optimizable statements, which get processed normally
+ *		by parser/analyze.c.
+ *****************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * When a command can act on several kinds of objects with only one
+ * parse structure required, use these constants to designate the
+ * object type.  Note that commands typically don't support all the types.
+ */
+
+typedef enum ObjectType
+{
+	OBJECT_ACCESS_METHOD,
+	OBJECT_AGGREGATE,
+	OBJECT_AMOP,
+	OBJECT_AMPROC,
+	OBJECT_ATTRIBUTE,			/* type's attribute, when distinct from column */
+	OBJECT_CAST,
+	OBJECT_COLUMN,
+	OBJECT_COLLATION,
+	OBJECT_CONVERSION,
+	OBJECT_DATABASE,
+	OBJECT_DEFAULT,
+	OBJECT_DEFACL,
+	OBJECT_DOMAIN,
+	OBJECT_DOMCONSTRAINT,
+	OBJECT_EVENT_TRIGGER,
+	OBJECT_EXTENSION,
+	OBJECT_FDW,
+	OBJECT_FOREIGN_SERVER,
+	OBJECT_FOREIGN_TABLE,
+	OBJECT_FUNCTION,
+	OBJECT_INDEX,
+	OBJECT_LANGUAGE,
+	OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT,
+	OBJECT_MATVIEW,
+	OBJECT_OPCLASS,
+	OBJECT_OPERATOR,
+	OBJECT_OPFAMILY,
+	OBJECT_POLICY,
+	OBJECT_PROCEDURE,
+	OBJECT_PUBLICATION,
+	OBJECT_PUBLICATION_REL,
+	OBJECT_ROLE,
+	OBJECT_ROUTINE,
+	OBJECT_RULE,
+	OBJECT_SCHEMA,
+	OBJECT_SEQUENCE,
+	OBJECT_SUBSCRIPTION,
+	OBJECT_STATISTIC_EXT,
+	OBJECT_TABCONSTRAINT,
+	OBJECT_TABLE,
+	OBJECT_TABLESPACE,
+	OBJECT_TRANSFORM,
+	OBJECT_TRIGGER,
+	OBJECT_TSCONFIGURATION,
+	OBJECT_TSDICTIONARY,
+	OBJECT_TSPARSER,
+	OBJECT_TSTEMPLATE,
+	OBJECT_TYPE,
+	OBJECT_USER_MAPPING,
+	OBJECT_VIEW
+} ObjectType;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create Schema Statement
+ *
+ * NOTE: the schemaElts list contains raw parsetrees for component statements
+ * of the schema, such as CREATE TABLE, GRANT, etc.  These are analyzed and
+ * executed after the schema itself is created.
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateSchemaStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *schemaname;		/* the name of the schema to create */
+	RoleSpec   *authrole;		/* the owner of the created schema */
+	List	   *schemaElts;		/* schema components (list of parsenodes) */
+	bool		if_not_exists;	/* just do nothing if schema already exists? */
+} CreateSchemaStmt;
+
+typedef enum DropBehavior
+{
+	DROP_RESTRICT,				/* drop fails if any dependent objects */
+	DROP_CASCADE				/* remove dependent objects too */
+} DropBehavior;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *	Alter Table
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterTableStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* table to work on */
+	List	   *cmds;			/* list of subcommands */
+	ObjectType	relkind;		/* type of object */
+	bool		missing_ok;		/* skip error if table missing */
+} AlterTableStmt;
+
+typedef enum AlterTableType
+{
+	AT_AddColumn,				/* add column */
+	AT_AddColumnRecurse,		/* internal to commands/tablecmds.c */
+	AT_AddColumnToView,			/* implicitly via CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW */
+	AT_ColumnDefault,			/* alter column default */
+	AT_CookedColumnDefault,		/* add a pre-cooked column default */
+	AT_DropNotNull,				/* alter column drop not null */
+	AT_SetNotNull,				/* alter column set not null */
+	AT_DropExpression,			/* alter column drop expression */
+	AT_CheckNotNull,			/* check column is already marked not null */
+	AT_SetStatistics,			/* alter column set statistics */
+	AT_SetOptions,				/* alter column set ( options ) */
+	AT_ResetOptions,			/* alter column reset ( options ) */
+	AT_SetStorage,				/* alter column set storage */
+	AT_DropColumn,				/* drop column */
+	AT_DropColumnRecurse,		/* internal to commands/tablecmds.c */
+	AT_AddIndex,				/* add index */
+	AT_ReAddIndex,				/* internal to commands/tablecmds.c */
+	AT_AddConstraint,			/* add constraint */
+	AT_AddConstraintRecurse,	/* internal to commands/tablecmds.c */
+	AT_ReAddConstraint,			/* internal to commands/tablecmds.c */
+	AT_ReAddDomainConstraint,	/* internal to commands/tablecmds.c */
+	AT_AlterConstraint,			/* alter constraint */
+	AT_ValidateConstraint,		/* validate constraint */
+	AT_ValidateConstraintRecurse,	/* internal to commands/tablecmds.c */
+	AT_AddIndexConstraint,		/* add constraint using existing index */
+	AT_DropConstraint,			/* drop constraint */
+	AT_DropConstraintRecurse,	/* internal to commands/tablecmds.c */
+	AT_ReAddComment,			/* internal to commands/tablecmds.c */
+	AT_AlterColumnType,			/* alter column type */
+	AT_AlterColumnGenericOptions,	/* alter column OPTIONS (...) */
+	AT_ChangeOwner,				/* change owner */
+	AT_ClusterOn,				/* CLUSTER ON */
+	AT_DropCluster,				/* SET WITHOUT CLUSTER */
+	AT_SetLogged,				/* SET LOGGED */
+	AT_SetUnLogged,				/* SET UNLOGGED */
+	AT_DropOids,				/* SET WITHOUT OIDS */
+	AT_SetTableSpace,			/* SET TABLESPACE */
+	AT_SetRelOptions,			/* SET (...) -- AM specific parameters */
+	AT_ResetRelOptions,			/* RESET (...) -- AM specific parameters */
+	AT_ReplaceRelOptions,		/* replace reloption list in its entirety */
+	AT_EnableTrig,				/* ENABLE TRIGGER name */
+	AT_EnableAlwaysTrig,		/* ENABLE ALWAYS TRIGGER name */
+	AT_EnableReplicaTrig,		/* ENABLE REPLICA TRIGGER name */
+	AT_DisableTrig,				/* DISABLE TRIGGER name */
+	AT_EnableTrigAll,			/* ENABLE TRIGGER ALL */
+	AT_DisableTrigAll,			/* DISABLE TRIGGER ALL */
+	AT_EnableTrigUser,			/* ENABLE TRIGGER USER */
+	AT_DisableTrigUser,			/* DISABLE TRIGGER USER */
+	AT_EnableRule,				/* ENABLE RULE name */
+	AT_EnableAlwaysRule,		/* ENABLE ALWAYS RULE name */
+	AT_EnableReplicaRule,		/* ENABLE REPLICA RULE name */
+	AT_DisableRule,				/* DISABLE RULE name */
+	AT_AddInherit,				/* INHERIT parent */
+	AT_DropInherit,				/* NO INHERIT parent */
+	AT_AddOf,					/* OF <type_name> */
+	AT_DropOf,					/* NOT OF */
+	AT_ReplicaIdentity,			/* REPLICA IDENTITY */
+	AT_EnableRowSecurity,		/* ENABLE ROW SECURITY */
+	AT_DisableRowSecurity,		/* DISABLE ROW SECURITY */
+	AT_ForceRowSecurity,		/* FORCE ROW SECURITY */
+	AT_NoForceRowSecurity,		/* NO FORCE ROW SECURITY */
+	AT_GenericOptions,			/* OPTIONS (...) */
+	AT_AttachPartition,			/* ATTACH PARTITION */
+	AT_DetachPartition,			/* DETACH PARTITION */
+	AT_AddIdentity,				/* ADD IDENTITY */
+	AT_SetIdentity,				/* SET identity column options */
+	AT_DropIdentity				/* DROP IDENTITY */
+} AlterTableType;
+
+typedef struct ReplicaIdentityStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char		identity_type;
+	char	   *name;
+} ReplicaIdentityStmt;
+
+typedef struct AlterTableCmd	/* one subcommand of an ALTER TABLE */
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	AlterTableType subtype;		/* Type of table alteration to apply */
+	char	   *name;			/* column, constraint, or trigger to act on,
+								 * or tablespace */
+	int16		num;			/* attribute number for columns referenced by
+								 * number */
+	RoleSpec   *newowner;
+	Node	   *def;			/* definition of new column, index,
+								 * constraint, or parent table */
+	DropBehavior behavior;		/* RESTRICT or CASCADE for DROP cases */
+	bool		missing_ok;		/* skip error if missing? */
+} AlterTableCmd;
+
+
+/* ----------------------
+ * Alter Collation
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterCollationStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *collname;
+} AlterCollationStmt;
+
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *	Alter Domain
+ *
+ * The fields are used in different ways by the different variants of
+ * this command.
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterDomainStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char		subtype;		/*------------
+								 *	T = alter column default
+								 *	N = alter column drop not null
+								 *	O = alter column set not null
+								 *	C = add constraint
+								 *	X = drop constraint
+								 *------------
+								 */
+	List	   *typeName;		/* domain to work on */
+	char	   *name;			/* column or constraint name to act on */
+	Node	   *def;			/* definition of default or constraint */
+	DropBehavior behavior;		/* RESTRICT or CASCADE for DROP cases */
+	bool		missing_ok;		/* skip error if missing? */
+} AlterDomainStmt;
+
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Grant|Revoke Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef enum GrantTargetType
+{
+	ACL_TARGET_OBJECT,			/* grant on specific named object(s) */
+	ACL_TARGET_ALL_IN_SCHEMA,	/* grant on all objects in given schema(s) */
+	ACL_TARGET_DEFAULTS			/* ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES */
+} GrantTargetType;
+
+typedef struct GrantStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	bool		is_grant;		/* true = GRANT, false = REVOKE */
+	GrantTargetType targtype;	/* type of the grant target */
+	ObjectType	objtype;		/* kind of object being operated on */
+	List	   *objects;		/* list of RangeVar nodes, ObjectWithArgs
+								 * nodes, or plain names (as Value strings) */
+	List	   *privileges;		/* list of AccessPriv nodes */
+	/* privileges == NIL denotes ALL PRIVILEGES */
+	List	   *grantees;		/* list of RoleSpec nodes */
+	bool		grant_option;	/* grant or revoke grant option */
+	DropBehavior behavior;		/* drop behavior (for REVOKE) */
+} GrantStmt;
+
+/*
+ * Note: ObjectWithArgs carries only the types of the input parameters of the
+ * function.  So it is sufficient to identify an existing function, but it
+ * is not enough info to define a function nor to call it.
+ */
+typedef struct ObjectWithArgs
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *objname;		/* qualified name of function/operator */
+	List	   *objargs;		/* list of Typename nodes */
+	bool		args_unspecified;	/* argument list was omitted, so name must
+									 * be unique (note that objargs == NIL
+									 * means zero args) */
+} ObjectWithArgs;
+
+/*
+ * An access privilege, with optional list of column names
+ * priv_name == NULL denotes ALL PRIVILEGES (only used with a column list)
+ * cols == NIL denotes "all columns"
+ * Note that simple "ALL PRIVILEGES" is represented as a NIL list, not
+ * an AccessPriv with both fields null.
+ */
+typedef struct AccessPriv
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *priv_name;		/* string name of privilege */
+	List	   *cols;			/* list of Value strings */
+} AccessPriv;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Grant/Revoke Role Statement
+ *
+ * Note: because of the parsing ambiguity with the GRANT <privileges>
+ * statement, granted_roles is a list of AccessPriv; the execution code
+ * should complain if any column lists appear.  grantee_roles is a list
+ * of role names, as Value strings.
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct GrantRoleStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *granted_roles;	/* list of roles to be granted/revoked */
+	List	   *grantee_roles;	/* list of member roles to add/delete */
+	bool		is_grant;		/* true = GRANT, false = REVOKE */
+	bool		admin_opt;		/* with admin option */
+	RoleSpec   *grantor;		/* set grantor to other than current role */
+	DropBehavior behavior;		/* drop behavior (for REVOKE) */
+} GrantRoleStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *	Alter Default Privileges Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterDefaultPrivilegesStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *options;		/* list of DefElem */
+	GrantStmt  *action;			/* GRANT/REVOKE action (with objects=NIL) */
+} AlterDefaultPrivilegesStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Copy Statement
+ *
+ * We support "COPY relation FROM file", "COPY relation TO file", and
+ * "COPY (query) TO file".  In any given CopyStmt, exactly one of "relation"
+ * and "query" must be non-NULL.
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CopyStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* the relation to copy */
+	Node	   *query;			/* the query (SELECT or DML statement with
+								 * RETURNING) to copy, as a raw parse tree */
+	List	   *attlist;		/* List of column names (as Strings), or NIL
+								 * for all columns */
+	bool		is_from;		/* TO or FROM */
+	bool		is_program;		/* is 'filename' a program to popen? */
+	char	   *filename;		/* filename, or NULL for STDIN/STDOUT */
+	List	   *options;		/* List of DefElem nodes */
+	Node	   *whereClause;	/* WHERE condition (or NULL) */
+} CopyStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ * SET Statement (includes RESET)
+ *
+ * "SET var TO DEFAULT" and "RESET var" are semantically equivalent, but we
+ * preserve the distinction in VariableSetKind for CreateCommandTag().
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef enum
+{
+	VAR_SET_VALUE,				/* SET var = value */
+	VAR_SET_DEFAULT,			/* SET var TO DEFAULT */
+	VAR_SET_CURRENT,			/* SET var FROM CURRENT */
+	VAR_SET_MULTI,				/* special case for SET TRANSACTION ... */
+	VAR_RESET,					/* RESET var */
+	VAR_RESET_ALL				/* RESET ALL */
+} VariableSetKind;
+
+typedef struct VariableSetStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	VariableSetKind kind;
+	char	   *name;			/* variable to be set */
+	List	   *args;			/* List of A_Const nodes */
+	bool		is_local;		/* SET LOCAL? */
+} VariableSetStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ * Show Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct VariableShowStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *name;
+} VariableShowStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create Table Statement
+ *
+ * NOTE: in the raw gram.y output, ColumnDef and Constraint nodes are
+ * intermixed in tableElts, and constraints is NIL.  After parse analysis,
+ * tableElts contains just ColumnDefs, and constraints contains just
+ * Constraint nodes (in fact, only CONSTR_CHECK nodes, in the present
+ * implementation).
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+
+typedef struct CreateStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* relation to create */
+	List	   *tableElts;		/* column definitions (list of ColumnDef) */
+	List	   *inhRelations;	/* relations to inherit from (list of
+								 * inhRelation) */
+	PartitionBoundSpec *partbound;	/* FOR VALUES clause */
+	PartitionSpec *partspec;	/* PARTITION BY clause */
+	TypeName   *ofTypename;		/* OF typename */
+	List	   *constraints;	/* constraints (list of Constraint nodes) */
+	List	   *options;		/* options from WITH clause */
+	OnCommitAction oncommit;	/* what do we do at COMMIT? */
+	char	   *tablespacename; /* table space to use, or NULL */
+	char	   *accessMethod;	/* table access method */
+	bool		if_not_exists;	/* just do nothing if it already exists? */
+} CreateStmt;
+
+/* ----------
+ * Definitions for constraints in CreateStmt
+ *
+ * Note that column defaults are treated as a type of constraint,
+ * even though that's a bit odd semantically.
+ *
+ * For constraints that use expressions (CONSTR_CHECK, CONSTR_DEFAULT)
+ * we may have the expression in either "raw" form (an untransformed
+ * parse tree) or "cooked" form (the nodeToString representation of
+ * an executable expression tree), depending on how this Constraint
+ * node was created (by parsing, or by inheritance from an existing
+ * relation).  We should never have both in the same node!
+ *
+ * FKCONSTR_ACTION_xxx values are stored into pg_constraint.confupdtype
+ * and pg_constraint.confdeltype columns; FKCONSTR_MATCH_xxx values are
+ * stored into pg_constraint.confmatchtype.  Changing the code values may
+ * require an initdb!
+ *
+ * If skip_validation is true then we skip checking that the existing rows
+ * in the table satisfy the constraint, and just install the catalog entries
+ * for the constraint.  A new FK constraint is marked as valid iff
+ * initially_valid is true.  (Usually skip_validation and initially_valid
+ * are inverses, but we can set both true if the table is known empty.)
+ *
+ * Constraint attributes (DEFERRABLE etc) are initially represented as
+ * separate Constraint nodes for simplicity of parsing.  parse_utilcmd.c makes
+ * a pass through the constraints list to insert the info into the appropriate
+ * Constraint node.
+ * ----------
+ */
+
+typedef enum ConstrType			/* types of constraints */
+{
+	CONSTR_NULL,				/* not standard SQL, but a lot of people
+								 * expect it */
+	CONSTR_NOTNULL,
+	CONSTR_DEFAULT,
+	CONSTR_IDENTITY,
+	CONSTR_GENERATED,
+	CONSTR_CHECK,
+	CONSTR_PRIMARY,
+	CONSTR_UNIQUE,
+	CONSTR_EXCLUSION,
+	CONSTR_FOREIGN,
+	CONSTR_ATTR_DEFERRABLE,		/* attributes for previous constraint node */
+	CONSTR_ATTR_NOT_DEFERRABLE,
+	CONSTR_ATTR_DEFERRED,
+	CONSTR_ATTR_IMMEDIATE
+} ConstrType;
+
+/* Foreign key action codes */
+#define FKCONSTR_ACTION_NOACTION	'a'
+#define FKCONSTR_ACTION_RESTRICT	'r'
+#define FKCONSTR_ACTION_CASCADE		'c'
+#define FKCONSTR_ACTION_SETNULL		'n'
+#define FKCONSTR_ACTION_SETDEFAULT	'd'
+
+/* Foreign key matchtype codes */
+#define FKCONSTR_MATCH_FULL			'f'
+#define FKCONSTR_MATCH_PARTIAL		'p'
+#define FKCONSTR_MATCH_SIMPLE		's'
+
+typedef struct Constraint
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	ConstrType	contype;		/* see above */
+
+	/* Fields used for most/all constraint types: */
+	char	   *conname;		/* Constraint name, or NULL if unnamed */
+	bool		deferrable;		/* DEFERRABLE? */
+	bool		initdeferred;	/* INITIALLY DEFERRED? */
+	int			location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
+
+	/* Fields used for constraints with expressions (CHECK and DEFAULT): */
+	bool		is_no_inherit;	/* is constraint non-inheritable? */
+	Node	   *raw_expr;		/* expr, as untransformed parse tree */
+	char	   *cooked_expr;	/* expr, as nodeToString representation */
+	char		generated_when; /* ALWAYS or BY DEFAULT */
+
+	/* Fields used for unique constraints (UNIQUE and PRIMARY KEY): */
+	List	   *keys;			/* String nodes naming referenced key
+								 * column(s) */
+	List	   *including;		/* String nodes naming referenced nonkey
+								 * column(s) */
+
+	/* Fields used for EXCLUSION constraints: */
+	List	   *exclusions;		/* list of (IndexElem, operator name) pairs */
+
+	/* Fields used for index constraints (UNIQUE, PRIMARY KEY, EXCLUSION): */
+	List	   *options;		/* options from WITH clause */
+	char	   *indexname;		/* existing index to use; otherwise NULL */
+	char	   *indexspace;		/* index tablespace; NULL for default */
+	bool		reset_default_tblspc;	/* reset default_tablespace prior to
+										 * creating the index */
+	/* These could be, but currently are not, used for UNIQUE/PKEY: */
+	char	   *access_method;	/* index access method; NULL for default */
+	Node	   *where_clause;	/* partial index predicate */
+
+	/* Fields used for FOREIGN KEY constraints: */
+	RangeVar   *pktable;		/* Primary key table */
+	List	   *fk_attrs;		/* Attributes of foreign key */
+	List	   *pk_attrs;		/* Corresponding attrs in PK table */
+	char		fk_matchtype;	/* FULL, PARTIAL, SIMPLE */
+	char		fk_upd_action;	/* ON UPDATE action */
+	char		fk_del_action;	/* ON DELETE action */
+	List	   *old_conpfeqop;	/* pg_constraint.conpfeqop of my former self */
+	Oid			old_pktable_oid;	/* pg_constraint.confrelid of my former
+									 * self */
+
+	/* Fields used for constraints that allow a NOT VALID specification */
+	bool		skip_validation;	/* skip validation of existing rows? */
+	bool		initially_valid;	/* mark the new constraint as valid? */
+} Constraint;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create/Drop Table Space Statements
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+
+typedef struct CreateTableSpaceStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *tablespacename;
+	RoleSpec   *owner;
+	char	   *location;
+	List	   *options;
+} CreateTableSpaceStmt;
+
+typedef struct DropTableSpaceStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *tablespacename;
+	bool		missing_ok;		/* skip error if missing? */
+} DropTableSpaceStmt;
+
+typedef struct AlterTableSpaceOptionsStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *tablespacename;
+	List	   *options;
+	bool		isReset;
+} AlterTableSpaceOptionsStmt;
+
+typedef struct AlterTableMoveAllStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *orig_tablespacename;
+	ObjectType	objtype;		/* Object type to move */
+	List	   *roles;			/* List of roles to move objects of */
+	char	   *new_tablespacename;
+	bool		nowait;
+} AlterTableMoveAllStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create/Alter Extension Statements
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+
+typedef struct CreateExtensionStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *extname;
+	bool		if_not_exists;	/* just do nothing if it already exists? */
+	List	   *options;		/* List of DefElem nodes */
+} CreateExtensionStmt;
+
+/* Only used for ALTER EXTENSION UPDATE; later might need an action field */
+typedef struct AlterExtensionStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *extname;
+	List	   *options;		/* List of DefElem nodes */
+} AlterExtensionStmt;
+
+typedef struct AlterExtensionContentsStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *extname;		/* Extension's name */
+	int			action;			/* +1 = add object, -1 = drop object */
+	ObjectType	objtype;		/* Object's type */
+	Node	   *object;			/* Qualified name of the object */
+} AlterExtensionContentsStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create/Alter FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER Statements
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+
+typedef struct CreateFdwStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *fdwname;		/* foreign-data wrapper name */
+	List	   *func_options;	/* HANDLER/VALIDATOR options */
+	List	   *options;		/* generic options to FDW */
+} CreateFdwStmt;
+
+typedef struct AlterFdwStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *fdwname;		/* foreign-data wrapper name */
+	List	   *func_options;	/* HANDLER/VALIDATOR options */
+	List	   *options;		/* generic options to FDW */
+} AlterFdwStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create/Alter FOREIGN SERVER Statements
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+
+typedef struct CreateForeignServerStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *servername;		/* server name */
+	char	   *servertype;		/* optional server type */
+	char	   *version;		/* optional server version */
+	char	   *fdwname;		/* FDW name */
+	bool		if_not_exists;	/* just do nothing if it already exists? */
+	List	   *options;		/* generic options to server */
+} CreateForeignServerStmt;
+
+typedef struct AlterForeignServerStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *servername;		/* server name */
+	char	   *version;		/* optional server version */
+	List	   *options;		/* generic options to server */
+	bool		has_version;	/* version specified */
+} AlterForeignServerStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create FOREIGN TABLE Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+
+typedef struct CreateForeignTableStmt
+{
+	CreateStmt	base;
+	char	   *servername;
+	List	   *options;
+} CreateForeignTableStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create/Drop USER MAPPING Statements
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+
+typedef struct CreateUserMappingStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RoleSpec   *user;			/* user role */
+	char	   *servername;		/* server name */
+	bool		if_not_exists;	/* just do nothing if it already exists? */
+	List	   *options;		/* generic options to server */
+} CreateUserMappingStmt;
+
+typedef struct AlterUserMappingStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RoleSpec   *user;			/* user role */
+	char	   *servername;		/* server name */
+	List	   *options;		/* generic options to server */
+} AlterUserMappingStmt;
+
+typedef struct DropUserMappingStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RoleSpec   *user;			/* user role */
+	char	   *servername;		/* server name */
+	bool		missing_ok;		/* ignore missing mappings */
+} DropUserMappingStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Import Foreign Schema Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+
+typedef enum ImportForeignSchemaType
+{
+	FDW_IMPORT_SCHEMA_ALL,		/* all relations wanted */
+	FDW_IMPORT_SCHEMA_LIMIT_TO, /* include only listed tables in import */
+	FDW_IMPORT_SCHEMA_EXCEPT	/* exclude listed tables from import */
+} ImportForeignSchemaType;
+
+typedef struct ImportForeignSchemaStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *server_name;	/* FDW server name */
+	char	   *remote_schema;	/* remote schema name to query */
+	char	   *local_schema;	/* local schema to create objects in */
+	ImportForeignSchemaType list_type;	/* type of table list */
+	List	   *table_list;		/* List of RangeVar */
+	List	   *options;		/* list of options to pass to FDW */
+} ImportForeignSchemaStmt;
+
+/*----------------------
+ *		Create POLICY Statement
+ *----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreatePolicyStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *policy_name;	/* Policy's name */
+	RangeVar   *table;			/* the table name the policy applies to */
+	char	   *cmd_name;		/* the command name the policy applies to */
+	bool		permissive;		/* restrictive or permissive policy */
+	List	   *roles;			/* the roles associated with the policy */
+	Node	   *qual;			/* the policy's condition */
+	Node	   *with_check;		/* the policy's WITH CHECK condition. */
+} CreatePolicyStmt;
+
+/*----------------------
+ *		Alter POLICY Statement
+ *----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterPolicyStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *policy_name;	/* Policy's name */
+	RangeVar   *table;			/* the table name the policy applies to */
+	List	   *roles;			/* the roles associated with the policy */
+	Node	   *qual;			/* the policy's condition */
+	Node	   *with_check;		/* the policy's WITH CHECK condition. */
+} AlterPolicyStmt;
+
+/*----------------------
+ *		Create ACCESS METHOD Statement
+ *----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateAmStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *amname;			/* access method name */
+	List	   *handler_name;	/* handler function name */
+	char		amtype;			/* type of access method */
+} CreateAmStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create TRIGGER Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateTrigStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *trigname;		/* TRIGGER's name */
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* relation trigger is on */
+	List	   *funcname;		/* qual. name of function to call */
+	List	   *args;			/* list of (T_String) Values or NIL */
+	bool		row;			/* ROW/STATEMENT */
+	/* timing uses the TRIGGER_TYPE bits defined in catalog/pg_trigger.h */
+	int16		timing;			/* BEFORE, AFTER, or INSTEAD */
+	/* events uses the TRIGGER_TYPE bits defined in catalog/pg_trigger.h */
+	int16		events;			/* "OR" of INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE/TRUNCATE */
+	List	   *columns;		/* column names, or NIL for all columns */
+	Node	   *whenClause;		/* qual expression, or NULL if none */
+	bool		isconstraint;	/* This is a constraint trigger */
+	/* explicitly named transition data */
+	List	   *transitionRels; /* TriggerTransition nodes, or NIL if none */
+	/* The remaining fields are only used for constraint triggers */
+	bool		deferrable;		/* [NOT] DEFERRABLE */
+	bool		initdeferred;	/* INITIALLY {DEFERRED|IMMEDIATE} */
+	RangeVar   *constrrel;		/* opposite relation, if RI trigger */
+} CreateTrigStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create EVENT TRIGGER Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateEventTrigStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *trigname;		/* TRIGGER's name */
+	char	   *eventname;		/* event's identifier */
+	List	   *whenclause;		/* list of DefElems indicating filtering */
+	List	   *funcname;		/* qual. name of function to call */
+} CreateEventTrigStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Alter EVENT TRIGGER Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterEventTrigStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *trigname;		/* TRIGGER's name */
+	char		tgenabled;		/* trigger's firing configuration WRT
+								 * session_replication_role */
+} AlterEventTrigStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create LANGUAGE Statements
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreatePLangStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	bool		replace;		/* T => replace if already exists */
+	char	   *plname;			/* PL name */
+	List	   *plhandler;		/* PL call handler function (qual. name) */
+	List	   *plinline;		/* optional inline function (qual. name) */
+	List	   *plvalidator;	/* optional validator function (qual. name) */
+	bool		pltrusted;		/* PL is trusted */
+} CreatePLangStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *	Create/Alter/Drop Role Statements
+ *
+ * Note: these node types are also used for the backwards-compatible
+ * Create/Alter/Drop User/Group statements.  In the ALTER and DROP cases
+ * there's really no need to distinguish what the original spelling was,
+ * but for CREATE we mark the type because the defaults vary.
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef enum RoleStmtType
+{
+	ROLESTMT_ROLE,
+	ROLESTMT_USER,
+	ROLESTMT_GROUP
+} RoleStmtType;
+
+typedef struct CreateRoleStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RoleStmtType stmt_type;		/* ROLE/USER/GROUP */
+	char	   *role;			/* role name */
+	List	   *options;		/* List of DefElem nodes */
+} CreateRoleStmt;
+
+typedef struct AlterRoleStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RoleSpec   *role;			/* role */
+	List	   *options;		/* List of DefElem nodes */
+	int			action;			/* +1 = add members, -1 = drop members */
+} AlterRoleStmt;
+
+typedef struct AlterRoleSetStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RoleSpec   *role;			/* role */
+	char	   *database;		/* database name, or NULL */
+	VariableSetStmt *setstmt;	/* SET or RESET subcommand */
+} AlterRoleSetStmt;
+
+typedef struct DropRoleStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *roles;			/* List of roles to remove */
+	bool		missing_ok;		/* skip error if a role is missing? */
+} DropRoleStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		{Create|Alter} SEQUENCE Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+
+typedef struct CreateSeqStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *sequence;		/* the sequence to create */
+	List	   *options;
+	Oid			ownerId;		/* ID of owner, or InvalidOid for default */
+	bool		for_identity;
+	bool		if_not_exists;	/* just do nothing if it already exists? */
+} CreateSeqStmt;
+
+typedef struct AlterSeqStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *sequence;		/* the sequence to alter */
+	List	   *options;
+	bool		for_identity;
+	bool		missing_ok;		/* skip error if a role is missing? */
+} AlterSeqStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create {Aggregate|Operator|Type} Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct DefineStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	ObjectType	kind;			/* aggregate, operator, type */
+	bool		oldstyle;		/* hack to signal old CREATE AGG syntax */
+	List	   *defnames;		/* qualified name (list of Value strings) */
+	List	   *args;			/* a list of TypeName (if needed) */
+	List	   *definition;		/* a list of DefElem */
+	bool		if_not_exists;	/* just do nothing if it already exists? */
+	bool		replace;		/* replace if already exists? */
+} DefineStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create Domain Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateDomainStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *domainname;		/* qualified name (list of Value strings) */
+	TypeName   *typeName;		/* the base type */
+	CollateClause *collClause;	/* untransformed COLLATE spec, if any */
+	List	   *constraints;	/* constraints (list of Constraint nodes) */
+} CreateDomainStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create Operator Class Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateOpClassStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *opclassname;	/* qualified name (list of Value strings) */
+	List	   *opfamilyname;	/* qualified name (ditto); NIL if omitted */
+	char	   *amname;			/* name of index AM opclass is for */
+	TypeName   *datatype;		/* datatype of indexed column */
+	List	   *items;			/* List of CreateOpClassItem nodes */
+	bool		isDefault;		/* Should be marked as default for type? */
+} CreateOpClassStmt;
+
+#define OPCLASS_ITEM_OPERATOR		1
+#define OPCLASS_ITEM_FUNCTION		2
+#define OPCLASS_ITEM_STORAGETYPE	3
+
+typedef struct CreateOpClassItem
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	int			itemtype;		/* see codes above */
+	ObjectWithArgs *name;		/* operator or function name and args */
+	int			number;			/* strategy num or support proc num */
+	List	   *order_family;	/* only used for ordering operators */
+	List	   *class_args;		/* amproclefttype/amprocrighttype or
+								 * amoplefttype/amoprighttype */
+	/* fields used for a storagetype item: */
+	TypeName   *storedtype;		/* datatype stored in index */
+} CreateOpClassItem;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create Operator Family Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateOpFamilyStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *opfamilyname;	/* qualified name (list of Value strings) */
+	char	   *amname;			/* name of index AM opfamily is for */
+} CreateOpFamilyStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Alter Operator Family Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterOpFamilyStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *opfamilyname;	/* qualified name (list of Value strings) */
+	char	   *amname;			/* name of index AM opfamily is for */
+	bool		isDrop;			/* ADD or DROP the items? */
+	List	   *items;			/* List of CreateOpClassItem nodes */
+} AlterOpFamilyStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Drop Table|Sequence|View|Index|Type|Domain|Conversion|Schema Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+
+typedef struct DropStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *objects;		/* list of names */
+	ObjectType	removeType;		/* object type */
+	DropBehavior behavior;		/* RESTRICT or CASCADE behavior */
+	bool		missing_ok;		/* skip error if object is missing? */
+	bool		concurrent;		/* drop index concurrently? */
+} DropStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *				Truncate Table Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct TruncateStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *relations;		/* relations (RangeVars) to be truncated */
+	bool		restart_seqs;	/* restart owned sequences? */
+	DropBehavior behavior;		/* RESTRICT or CASCADE behavior */
+} TruncateStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *				Comment On Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CommentStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	ObjectType	objtype;		/* Object's type */
+	Node	   *object;			/* Qualified name of the object */
+	char	   *comment;		/* Comment to insert, or NULL to remove */
+} CommentStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *				SECURITY LABEL Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct SecLabelStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	ObjectType	objtype;		/* Object's type */
+	Node	   *object;			/* Qualified name of the object */
+	char	   *provider;		/* Label provider (or NULL) */
+	char	   *label;			/* New security label to be assigned */
+} SecLabelStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Declare Cursor Statement
+ *
+ * The "query" field is initially a raw parse tree, and is converted to a
+ * Query node during parse analysis.  Note that rewriting and planning
+ * of the query are always postponed until execution.
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+#define CURSOR_OPT_BINARY		0x0001	/* BINARY */
+#define CURSOR_OPT_SCROLL		0x0002	/* SCROLL explicitly given */
+#define CURSOR_OPT_NO_SCROLL	0x0004	/* NO SCROLL explicitly given */
+#define CURSOR_OPT_INSENSITIVE	0x0008	/* INSENSITIVE */
+#define CURSOR_OPT_HOLD			0x0010	/* WITH HOLD */
+/* these planner-control flags do not correspond to any SQL grammar: */
+#define CURSOR_OPT_FAST_PLAN	0x0020	/* prefer fast-start plan */
+#define CURSOR_OPT_GENERIC_PLAN 0x0040	/* force use of generic plan */
+#define CURSOR_OPT_CUSTOM_PLAN	0x0080	/* force use of custom plan */
+#define CURSOR_OPT_PARALLEL_OK	0x0100	/* parallel mode OK */
+
+typedef struct DeclareCursorStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *portalname;		/* name of the portal (cursor) */
+	int			options;		/* bitmask of options (see above) */
+	Node	   *query;			/* the query (see comments above) */
+} DeclareCursorStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Close Portal Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct ClosePortalStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *portalname;		/* name of the portal (cursor) */
+	/* NULL means CLOSE ALL */
+} ClosePortalStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Fetch Statement (also Move)
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef enum FetchDirection
+{
+	/* for these, howMany is how many rows to fetch; FETCH_ALL means ALL */
+	FETCH_FORWARD,
+	FETCH_BACKWARD,
+	/* for these, howMany indicates a position; only one row is fetched */
+	FETCH_ABSOLUTE,
+	FETCH_RELATIVE
+} FetchDirection;
+
+#define FETCH_ALL	LONG_MAX
+
+typedef struct FetchStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	FetchDirection direction;	/* see above */
+	long		howMany;		/* number of rows, or position argument */
+	char	   *portalname;		/* name of portal (cursor) */
+	bool		ismove;			/* true if MOVE */
+} FetchStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create Index Statement
+ *
+ * This represents creation of an index and/or an associated constraint.
+ * If isconstraint is true, we should create a pg_constraint entry along
+ * with the index.  But if indexOid isn't InvalidOid, we are not creating an
+ * index, just a UNIQUE/PKEY constraint using an existing index.  isconstraint
+ * must always be true in this case, and the fields describing the index
+ * properties are empty.
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct IndexStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *idxname;		/* name of new index, or NULL for default */
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* relation to build index on */
+	char	   *accessMethod;	/* name of access method (eg. btree) */
+	char	   *tableSpace;		/* tablespace, or NULL for default */
+	List	   *indexParams;	/* columns to index: a list of IndexElem */
+	List	   *indexIncludingParams;	/* additional columns to index: a list
+										 * of IndexElem */
+	List	   *options;		/* WITH clause options: a list of DefElem */
+	Node	   *whereClause;	/* qualification (partial-index predicate) */
+	List	   *excludeOpNames; /* exclusion operator names, or NIL if none */
+	char	   *idxcomment;		/* comment to apply to index, or NULL */
+	Oid			indexOid;		/* OID of an existing index, if any */
+	Oid			oldNode;		/* relfilenode of existing storage, if any */
+	SubTransactionId oldCreateSubid;	/* rd_createSubid of oldNode */
+	SubTransactionId oldFirstRelfilenodeSubid;	/* rd_firstRelfilenodeSubid of
+												 * oldNode */
+	bool		unique;			/* is index unique? */
+	bool		primary;		/* is index a primary key? */
+	bool		isconstraint;	/* is it for a pkey/unique constraint? */
+	bool		deferrable;		/* is the constraint DEFERRABLE? */
+	bool		initdeferred;	/* is the constraint INITIALLY DEFERRED? */
+	bool		transformed;	/* true when transformIndexStmt is finished */
+	bool		concurrent;		/* should this be a concurrent index build? */
+	bool		if_not_exists;	/* just do nothing if index already exists? */
+	bool		reset_default_tblspc;	/* reset default_tablespace prior to
+										 * executing */
+} IndexStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create Statistics Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateStatsStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *defnames;		/* qualified name (list of Value strings) */
+	List	   *stat_types;		/* stat types (list of Value strings) */
+	List	   *exprs;			/* expressions to build statistics on */
+	List	   *relations;		/* rels to build stats on (list of RangeVar) */
+	char	   *stxcomment;		/* comment to apply to stats, or NULL */
+	bool		if_not_exists;	/* do nothing if stats name already exists */
+} CreateStatsStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Alter Statistics Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterStatsStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *defnames;		/* qualified name (list of Value strings) */
+	int			stxstattarget;	/* statistics target */
+	bool		missing_ok;		/* skip error if statistics object is missing */
+} AlterStatsStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create Function Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateFunctionStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	bool		is_procedure;	/* it's really CREATE PROCEDURE */
+	bool		replace;		/* T => replace if already exists */
+	List	   *funcname;		/* qualified name of function to create */
+	List	   *parameters;		/* a list of FunctionParameter */
+	TypeName   *returnType;		/* the return type */
+	List	   *options;		/* a list of DefElem */
+} CreateFunctionStmt;
+
+typedef enum FunctionParameterMode
+{
+	/* the assigned enum values appear in pg_proc, don't change 'em! */
+	FUNC_PARAM_IN = 'i',		/* input only */
+	FUNC_PARAM_OUT = 'o',		/* output only */
+	FUNC_PARAM_INOUT = 'b',		/* both */
+	FUNC_PARAM_VARIADIC = 'v',	/* variadic (always input) */
+	FUNC_PARAM_TABLE = 't'		/* table function output column */
+} FunctionParameterMode;
+
+typedef struct FunctionParameter
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *name;			/* parameter name, or NULL if not given */
+	TypeName   *argType;		/* TypeName for parameter type */
+	FunctionParameterMode mode; /* IN/OUT/etc */
+	Node	   *defexpr;		/* raw default expr, or NULL if not given */
+} FunctionParameter;
+
+typedef struct AlterFunctionStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	ObjectType	objtype;
+	ObjectWithArgs *func;		/* name and args of function */
+	List	   *actions;		/* list of DefElem */
+} AlterFunctionStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		DO Statement
+ *
+ * DoStmt is the raw parser output, InlineCodeBlock is the execution-time API
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct DoStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *args;			/* List of DefElem nodes */
+} DoStmt;
+
+typedef struct InlineCodeBlock
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *source_text;	/* source text of anonymous code block */
+	Oid			langOid;		/* OID of selected language */
+	bool		langIsTrusted;	/* trusted property of the language */
+	bool		atomic;			/* atomic execution context */
+} InlineCodeBlock;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		CALL statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CallStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	FuncCall   *funccall;		/* from the parser */
+	FuncExpr   *funcexpr;		/* transformed */
+} CallStmt;
+
+typedef struct CallContext
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	bool		atomic;
+} CallContext;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Alter Object Rename Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct RenameStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	ObjectType	renameType;		/* OBJECT_TABLE, OBJECT_COLUMN, etc */
+	ObjectType	relationType;	/* if column name, associated relation type */
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* in case it's a table */
+	Node	   *object;			/* in case it's some other object */
+	char	   *subname;		/* name of contained object (column, rule,
+								 * trigger, etc) */
+	char	   *newname;		/* the new name */
+	DropBehavior behavior;		/* RESTRICT or CASCADE behavior */
+	bool		missing_ok;		/* skip error if missing? */
+} RenameStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ * ALTER object DEPENDS ON EXTENSION extname
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterObjectDependsStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	ObjectType	objectType;		/* OBJECT_FUNCTION, OBJECT_TRIGGER, etc */
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* in case a table is involved */
+	Node	   *object;			/* name of the object */
+	Value	   *extname;		/* extension name */
+	bool		remove;			/* set true to remove dep rather than add */
+} AlterObjectDependsStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		ALTER object SET SCHEMA Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterObjectSchemaStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	ObjectType	objectType;		/* OBJECT_TABLE, OBJECT_TYPE, etc */
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* in case it's a table */
+	Node	   *object;			/* in case it's some other object */
+	char	   *newschema;		/* the new schema */
+	bool		missing_ok;		/* skip error if missing? */
+} AlterObjectSchemaStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Alter Object Owner Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterOwnerStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	ObjectType	objectType;		/* OBJECT_TABLE, OBJECT_TYPE, etc */
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* in case it's a table */
+	Node	   *object;			/* in case it's some other object */
+	RoleSpec   *newowner;		/* the new owner */
+} AlterOwnerStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Alter Operator Set ( this-n-that )
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterOperatorStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	ObjectWithArgs *opername;	/* operator name and argument types */
+	List	   *options;		/* List of DefElem nodes */
+} AlterOperatorStmt;
+
+/* ------------------------
+ *		Alter Type Set ( this-n-that )
+ * ------------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterTypeStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *typeName;		/* type name (possibly qualified) */
+	List	   *options;		/* List of DefElem nodes */
+} AlterTypeStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create Rule Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct RuleStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* relation the rule is for */
+	char	   *rulename;		/* name of the rule */
+	Node	   *whereClause;	/* qualifications */
+	CmdType		event;			/* SELECT, INSERT, etc */
+	bool		instead;		/* is a 'do instead'? */
+	List	   *actions;		/* the action statements */
+	bool		replace;		/* OR REPLACE */
+} RuleStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Notify Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct NotifyStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *conditionname;	/* condition name to notify */
+	char	   *payload;		/* the payload string, or NULL if none */
+} NotifyStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Listen Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct ListenStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *conditionname;	/* condition name to listen on */
+} ListenStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Unlisten Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct UnlistenStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *conditionname;	/* name to unlisten on, or NULL for all */
+} UnlistenStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		{Begin|Commit|Rollback} Transaction Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef enum TransactionStmtKind
+{
+	TRANS_STMT_BEGIN,
+	TRANS_STMT_START,			/* semantically identical to BEGIN */
+	TRANS_STMT_COMMIT,
+	TRANS_STMT_ROLLBACK,
+	TRANS_STMT_SAVEPOINT,
+	TRANS_STMT_RELEASE,
+	TRANS_STMT_ROLLBACK_TO,
+	TRANS_STMT_PREPARE,
+	TRANS_STMT_COMMIT_PREPARED,
+	TRANS_STMT_ROLLBACK_PREPARED
+} TransactionStmtKind;
+
+typedef struct TransactionStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	TransactionStmtKind kind;	/* see above */
+	List	   *options;		/* for BEGIN/START commands */
+	char	   *savepoint_name; /* for savepoint commands */
+	char	   *gid;			/* for two-phase-commit related commands */
+	bool		chain;			/* AND CHAIN option */
+} TransactionStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create Type Statement, composite types
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CompositeTypeStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *typevar;		/* the composite type to be created */
+	List	   *coldeflist;		/* list of ColumnDef nodes */
+} CompositeTypeStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create Type Statement, enum types
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateEnumStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *typeName;		/* qualified name (list of Value strings) */
+	List	   *vals;			/* enum values (list of Value strings) */
+} CreateEnumStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create Type Statement, range types
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateRangeStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *typeName;		/* qualified name (list of Value strings) */
+	List	   *params;			/* range parameters (list of DefElem) */
+} CreateRangeStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Alter Type Statement, enum types
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterEnumStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *typeName;		/* qualified name (list of Value strings) */
+	char	   *oldVal;			/* old enum value's name, if renaming */
+	char	   *newVal;			/* new enum value's name */
+	char	   *newValNeighbor; /* neighboring enum value, if specified */
+	bool		newValIsAfter;	/* place new enum value after neighbor? */
+	bool		skipIfNewValExists; /* no error if new already exists? */
+} AlterEnumStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Create View Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef enum ViewCheckOption
+{
+	NO_CHECK_OPTION,
+	LOCAL_CHECK_OPTION,
+	CASCADED_CHECK_OPTION
+} ViewCheckOption;
+
+typedef struct ViewStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *view;			/* the view to be created */
+	List	   *aliases;		/* target column names */
+	Node	   *query;			/* the SELECT query (as a raw parse tree) */
+	bool		replace;		/* replace an existing view? */
+	List	   *options;		/* options from WITH clause */
+	ViewCheckOption withCheckOption;	/* WITH CHECK OPTION */
+} ViewStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Load Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct LoadStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *filename;		/* file to load */
+} LoadStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Createdb Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreatedbStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *dbname;			/* name of database to create */
+	List	   *options;		/* List of DefElem nodes */
+} CreatedbStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *	Alter Database
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterDatabaseStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *dbname;			/* name of database to alter */
+	List	   *options;		/* List of DefElem nodes */
+} AlterDatabaseStmt;
+
+typedef struct AlterDatabaseSetStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *dbname;			/* database name */
+	VariableSetStmt *setstmt;	/* SET or RESET subcommand */
+} AlterDatabaseSetStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Dropdb Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct DropdbStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *dbname;			/* database to drop */
+	bool		missing_ok;		/* skip error if db is missing? */
+	List	   *options;		/* currently only FORCE is supported */
+} DropdbStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Alter System Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct AlterSystemStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	VariableSetStmt *setstmt;	/* SET subcommand */
+} AlterSystemStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Cluster Statement (support pbrown's cluster index implementation)
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef enum ClusterOption
+{
+	CLUOPT_RECHECK = 1 << 0,	/* recheck relation state */
+	CLUOPT_VERBOSE = 1 << 1		/* print progress info */
+} ClusterOption;
+
+typedef struct ClusterStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* relation being indexed, or NULL if all */
+	char	   *indexname;		/* original index defined */
+	int			options;		/* OR of ClusterOption flags */
+} ClusterStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Vacuum and Analyze Statements
+ *
+ * Even though these are nominally two statements, it's convenient to use
+ * just one node type for both.
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct VacuumStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *options;		/* list of DefElem nodes */
+	List	   *rels;			/* list of VacuumRelation, or NIL for all */
+	bool		is_vacuumcmd;	/* true for VACUUM, false for ANALYZE */
+} VacuumStmt;
+
+/*
+ * Info about a single target table of VACUUM/ANALYZE.
+ *
+ * If the OID field is set, it always identifies the table to process.
+ * Then the relation field can be NULL; if it isn't, it's used only to report
+ * failure to open/lock the relation.
+ */
+typedef struct VacuumRelation
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* table name to process, or NULL */
+	Oid			oid;			/* table's OID; InvalidOid if not looked up */
+	List	   *va_cols;		/* list of column names, or NIL for all */
+} VacuumRelation;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		Explain Statement
+ *
+ * The "query" field is initially a raw parse tree, and is converted to a
+ * Query node during parse analysis.  Note that rewriting and planning
+ * of the query are always postponed until execution.
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct ExplainStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	Node	   *query;			/* the query (see comments above) */
+	List	   *options;		/* list of DefElem nodes */
+} ExplainStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		CREATE TABLE AS Statement (a/k/a SELECT INTO)
+ *
+ * A query written as CREATE TABLE AS will produce this node type natively.
+ * A query written as SELECT ... INTO will be transformed to this form during
+ * parse analysis.
+ * A query written as CREATE MATERIALIZED view will produce this node type,
+ * during parse analysis, since it needs all the same data.
+ *
+ * The "query" field is handled similarly to EXPLAIN, though note that it
+ * can be a SELECT or an EXECUTE, but not other DML statements.
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateTableAsStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	Node	   *query;			/* the query (see comments above) */
+	IntoClause *into;			/* destination table */
+	ObjectType	relkind;		/* OBJECT_TABLE or OBJECT_MATVIEW */
+	bool		is_select_into; /* it was written as SELECT INTO */
+	bool		if_not_exists;	/* just do nothing if it already exists? */
+} CreateTableAsStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct RefreshMatViewStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	bool		concurrent;		/* allow concurrent access? */
+	bool		skipData;		/* true for WITH NO DATA */
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* relation to insert into */
+} RefreshMatViewStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ * Checkpoint Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CheckPointStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+} CheckPointStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ * Discard Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+
+typedef enum DiscardMode
+{
+	DISCARD_ALL,
+	DISCARD_PLANS,
+	DISCARD_SEQUENCES,
+	DISCARD_TEMP
+} DiscardMode;
+
+typedef struct DiscardStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	DiscardMode target;
+} DiscardStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		LOCK Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct LockStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *relations;		/* relations to lock */
+	int			mode;			/* lock mode */
+	bool		nowait;			/* no wait mode */
+} LockStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		SET CONSTRAINTS Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct ConstraintsSetStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *constraints;	/* List of names as RangeVars */
+	bool		deferred;
+} ConstraintsSetStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		REINDEX Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+
+/* Reindex options */
+#define REINDEXOPT_VERBOSE (1 << 0) /* print progress info */
+#define REINDEXOPT_REPORT_PROGRESS (1 << 1) /* report pgstat progress */
+
+typedef enum ReindexObjectType
+{
+	REINDEX_OBJECT_INDEX,		/* index */
+	REINDEX_OBJECT_TABLE,		/* table or materialized view */
+	REINDEX_OBJECT_SCHEMA,		/* schema */
+	REINDEX_OBJECT_SYSTEM,		/* system catalogs */
+	REINDEX_OBJECT_DATABASE		/* database */
+} ReindexObjectType;
+
+typedef struct ReindexStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	ReindexObjectType kind;		/* REINDEX_OBJECT_INDEX, REINDEX_OBJECT_TABLE,
+								 * etc. */
+	RangeVar   *relation;		/* Table or index to reindex */
+	const char *name;			/* name of database to reindex */
+	int			options;		/* Reindex options flags */
+	bool		concurrent;		/* reindex concurrently? */
+} ReindexStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		CREATE CONVERSION Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateConversionStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *conversion_name;	/* Name of the conversion */
+	char	   *for_encoding_name;	/* source encoding name */
+	char	   *to_encoding_name;	/* destination encoding name */
+	List	   *func_name;		/* qualified conversion function name */
+	bool		def;			/* is this a default conversion? */
+} CreateConversionStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *	CREATE CAST Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateCastStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	TypeName   *sourcetype;
+	TypeName   *targettype;
+	ObjectWithArgs *func;
+	CoercionContext context;
+	bool		inout;
+} CreateCastStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *	CREATE TRANSFORM Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct CreateTransformStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	bool		replace;
+	TypeName   *type_name;
+	char	   *lang;
+	ObjectWithArgs *fromsql;
+	ObjectWithArgs *tosql;
+} CreateTransformStmt;
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		PREPARE Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct PrepareStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *name;			/* Name of plan, arbitrary */
+	List	   *argtypes;		/* Types of parameters (List of TypeName) */
+	Node	   *query;			/* The query itself (as a raw parsetree) */
+} PrepareStmt;
+
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		EXECUTE Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+
+typedef struct ExecuteStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *name;			/* The name of the plan to execute */
+	List	   *params;			/* Values to assign to parameters */
+} ExecuteStmt;
+
+
+/* ----------------------
+ *		DEALLOCATE Statement
+ * ----------------------
+ */
+typedef struct DeallocateStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *name;			/* The name of the plan to remove */
+	/* NULL means DEALLOCATE ALL */
+} DeallocateStmt;
+
+/*
+ *		DROP OWNED statement
+ */
+typedef struct DropOwnedStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *roles;
+	DropBehavior behavior;
+} DropOwnedStmt;
+
+/*
+ *		REASSIGN OWNED statement
+ */
+typedef struct ReassignOwnedStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *roles;
+	RoleSpec   *newrole;
+} ReassignOwnedStmt;
+
+/*
+ * TS Dictionary stmts: DefineStmt, RenameStmt and DropStmt are default
+ */
+typedef struct AlterTSDictionaryStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	List	   *dictname;		/* qualified name (list of Value strings) */
+	List	   *options;		/* List of DefElem nodes */
+} AlterTSDictionaryStmt;
+
+/*
+ * TS Configuration stmts: DefineStmt, RenameStmt and DropStmt are default
+ */
+typedef enum AlterTSConfigType
+{
+	ALTER_TSCONFIG_ADD_MAPPING,
+	ALTER_TSCONFIG_ALTER_MAPPING_FOR_TOKEN,
+	ALTER_TSCONFIG_REPLACE_DICT,
+	ALTER_TSCONFIG_REPLACE_DICT_FOR_TOKEN,
+	ALTER_TSCONFIG_DROP_MAPPING
+} AlterTSConfigType;
+
+typedef struct AlterTSConfigurationStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	AlterTSConfigType kind;		/* ALTER_TSCONFIG_ADD_MAPPING, etc */
+	List	   *cfgname;		/* qualified name (list of Value strings) */
+
+	/*
+	 * dicts will be non-NIL if ADD/ALTER MAPPING was specified. If dicts is
+	 * NIL, but tokentype isn't, DROP MAPPING was specified.
+	 */
+	List	   *tokentype;		/* list of Value strings */
+	List	   *dicts;			/* list of list of Value strings */
+	bool		override;		/* if true - remove old variant */
+	bool		replace;		/* if true - replace dictionary by another */
+	bool		missing_ok;		/* for DROP - skip error if missing? */
+} AlterTSConfigurationStmt;
+
+
+typedef struct CreatePublicationStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *pubname;		/* Name of the publication */
+	List	   *options;		/* List of DefElem nodes */
+	List	   *tables;			/* Optional list of tables to add */
+	bool		for_all_tables; /* Special publication for all tables in db */
+} CreatePublicationStmt;
+
+typedef struct AlterPublicationStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *pubname;		/* Name of the publication */
+
+	/* parameters used for ALTER PUBLICATION ... WITH */
+	List	   *options;		/* List of DefElem nodes */
+
+	/* parameters used for ALTER PUBLICATION ... ADD/DROP TABLE */
+	List	   *tables;			/* List of tables to add/drop */
+	bool		for_all_tables; /* Special publication for all tables in db */
+	DefElemAction tableAction;	/* What action to perform with the tables */
+} AlterPublicationStmt;
+
+typedef struct CreateSubscriptionStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *subname;		/* Name of the subscription */
+	char	   *conninfo;		/* Connection string to publisher */
+	List	   *publication;	/* One or more publication to subscribe to */
+	List	   *options;		/* List of DefElem nodes */
+} CreateSubscriptionStmt;
+
+typedef enum AlterSubscriptionType
+{
+	ALTER_SUBSCRIPTION_OPTIONS,
+	ALTER_SUBSCRIPTION_CONNECTION,
+	ALTER_SUBSCRIPTION_PUBLICATION,
+	ALTER_SUBSCRIPTION_REFRESH,
+	ALTER_SUBSCRIPTION_ENABLED
+} AlterSubscriptionType;
+
+typedef struct AlterSubscriptionStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	AlterSubscriptionType kind; /* ALTER_SUBSCRIPTION_OPTIONS, etc */
+	char	   *subname;		/* Name of the subscription */
+	char	   *conninfo;		/* Connection string to publisher */
+	List	   *publication;	/* One or more publication to subscribe to */
+	List	   *options;		/* List of DefElem nodes */
+} AlterSubscriptionStmt;
+
+typedef struct DropSubscriptionStmt
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *subname;		/* Name of the subscription */
+	bool		missing_ok;		/* Skip error if missing? */
+	DropBehavior behavior;		/* RESTRICT or CASCADE behavior */
+} DropSubscriptionStmt;
+
+#endif							/* PARSENODES_H */