gcloud 0.0.2 → 0.0.4

data/packages/gcutil-1.7.1/lib/google_compute_engine/gcutil/command_base_test.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1651 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+#
+# Copyright 2012 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""Unit tests for the base command classes."""
+
+from __future__ import with_statement
+
+
+
+import path_initializer
+path_initializer.InitializeSysPath()
+
+import copy
+import datetime
+import os
+import sys
+import tempfile
+
+
+
+
+from google.apputils import app
+import gflags as flags
+import unittest
+
+from gcutil import command_base
+from gcutil import gcutil_logging
+from gcutil import mock_api
+
+FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
+
+
+class CommandBaseTest(unittest.TestCase):
+
+  class ListMockCommandBase(command_base.GoogleComputeListCommand):
+    """A list mock command that specifies no default sort field."""
+
+    summary_fields = (('name', 'id'),
+                      ('id', 'number'),
+                      ('description', 'description'))
+
+    def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+      super(CommandBaseTest.ListMockCommandBase, self).__init__(
+          name, flag_values)
+
+    def SetApi(self, api):
+      pass
+
+    def ListFunc(self):
+
+      def Func(project=None, maxResults=None, filter=None, pageToken=None):
+        return mock_api.MockRequest(
+            {'items': [{'description': 'Object C',
+                        'id': 'projects/user/objects/my-object-c',
+                        'kind': 'cloud#object',
+                        'number': 123},
+                       {'description': 'Object A',
+                        'id': 'projects/user/objects/my-object-a',
+                        'kind': 'cloud#object',
+                        'number': 789},
+                       {'description': 'Object B',
+                        'id': 'projects/user/objects/my-object-b',
+                        'kind': 'cloud#object',
+                        'number': 456},
+                       {'description': 'Object D',
+                        'id': 'projects/user/objects/my-object-d',
+                        'kind': 'cloud#object',
+                        'number': 999}],
+             'kind': 'cloud#objectList'})
+
+      return Func
+
+  class ListMockCommand(ListMockCommandBase):
+    """A list mock command that specifies a default sort field."""
+    default_sort_field = 'name'
+
+    def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+      super(CommandBaseTest.ListMockCommand, self).__init__(name, flag_values)
+
+  class MockDetailCommand(command_base.GoogleComputeCommand):
+
+    detail_fields = (('name', 'id'),
+                     ('id', 'number'),
+                     ('description', 'description'),
+                     ('additional', 'moreStuff'))
+
+    def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+      super(CommandBaseTest.MockDetailCommand, self).__init__(name, flag_values)
+
+    def SetApi(self, api):
+      pass
+
+    def Handle(self):
+      return {'description': 'Object C',
+              'id': 'projects/user/objects/my-object-c',
+              'kind': 'cloud#object',
+              'number': 123,
+              'moreStuff': 'foo'}
+
+  class MockSafetyCommand(command_base.GoogleComputeCommand):
+
+    safety_prompt = 'Take scary action'
+
+    def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+      super(CommandBaseTest.MockSafetyCommand, self).__init__(name, flag_values)
+
+    def SetApi(self, api):
+      pass
+
+    def Handle(self):
+      pass
+
+  class MockSafetyCommandWithArgs(MockSafetyCommand):
+    safety_prompt = 'Act on'
+
+    def Handle(self, argument, arg2):
+      pass
+
+  class FakeExit(object):
+    """A fake version of exit to capture exit status."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+      self.__status__ = []
+
+    def __call__(self, value):
+      self.__status__.append(value)
+
+    def GetStatuses(self):
+      return self.__status__
+
+  class CaptureOutput(object):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+      self._capture_text = ''
+
+    # Purposefully name this 'write' to mock an output stream
+    # pylint: disable-msg=C6409
+    def write(self, text):
+      self._capture_text += text
+
+    # Purposefully name this 'flush' to mock an output stream
+    # pylint: disable-msg=C6409
+    def flush(self):
+      pass
+
+    def GetCapturedText(self):
+      return self._capture_text
+
+  class MockInput(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, input_string):
+      self._input_string = input_string
+
+    # Purposefully name this 'readline' to mock an input stream
+    # pylint: disable-msg=C6409
+    def readline(self):
+      return self._input_string
+
+  def ClearLogger(self):
+    for h in gcutil_logging.LOGGER.handlers:
+      gcutil_logging.LOGGER.removeHandler(h)
+
+  def test_PresentElement(self):
+    class MockCommand(command_base.GoogleComputeCommand):
+      def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+        super(MockCommand, self).__init__(name, flag_values)
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    command = MockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    flag_values.project = 'user'
+    flag_values.service_version = 'v1beta13'
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+
+    self.assertEqual(
+        'user',
+        command._PresentElement('https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/'
+                               'projects/user'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        'user',
+        command._PresentElement('https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/'
+                               'projects/user/'))
+    self.assertEqual('user', command._PresentElement('projects/user'))
+    self.assertEqual('user', command._PresentElement('projects/user/'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        'standard-2-cpu',
+        command._PresentElement('https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/'
+                               'projects/user/machine-types/standard-2-cpu'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        'standard-2-cpu',
+        command._PresentElement('https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/'
+                               'projects/user/machine-types/standard-2-cpu/'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        'standard-2-cpu',
+        command._PresentElement('projects/user/machine-types/standard-2-cpu'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        'standard-2-cpu',
+        command._PresentElement('projects/user/machine-types/standard-2-cpu/'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        'foo/bar/baz',
+        command._PresentElement('https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/'
+                               'projects/user/shared-fate-zones/foo/bar/baz'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        'foo/bar/baz',
+        command._PresentElement('projects/user/shared-fate-zones/foo/bar/baz'))
+    self.assertEqual('foo/bar/baz', command._PresentElement('foo/bar/baz'))
+
+    # Tests eliding feature
+    test_str = ('I am the very model of a modern Major-General. I\'ve '
+                'information vegetable, animal, and mineral. I know the kings '
+                'of England and quote the fights historical; from Marathon to '
+                'Waterloo in order categorical.')
+    self.assertEqual(
+        'I am the very model of a modern.. Waterloo in order categorical.',
+        command._PresentElement(test_str))
+
+    flag_values.long_values_display_format = 'full'
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(test_str, command._PresentElement(test_str))
+
+  def testDenormalizeProjectName(self):
+    denormalize = command_base.GoogleComputeCommand.DenormalizeProjectName
+    flag_values = flags.FlagValues()
+    flags.DEFINE_string('project',
+                        None,
+                        'Project Name',
+                        flag_values=flag_values)
+    flags.DEFINE_string('project_id',
+                        None,
+                        'Obsolete Project Name',
+                        flag_values=flag_values)
+
+    self.assertRaises(command_base.CommandError,
+                      denormalize,
+                      flag_values)
+
+    flag_values.project = 'project_collection/google'
+    self.assertRaises(command_base.CommandError,
+                      denormalize,
+                      flag_values)
+
+    flag_values.project = 'projects/google'
+    denormalize(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(flag_values.project, 'google')
+    denormalize(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(flag_values.project, 'google')
+
+    flag_values.project = '/google'
+    denormalize(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(flag_values.project, 'google')
+
+    flag_values.project = 'google/'
+    denormalize(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(flag_values.project, 'google')
+
+    flag_values.project = '/google/'
+    denormalize(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(flag_values.project, 'google')
+
+    flag_values.project = '/projects/google'
+    denormalize(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(flag_values.project, 'google')
+
+    flag_values.project = 'projects/google/'
+    denormalize(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(flag_values.project, 'google')
+
+    flag_values.project = '/projects/google/'
+    denormalize(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(flag_values.project, 'google')
+
+    flag_values.project_id = 'my-obsolete-project-1'
+    flag_values.project = 'my-new-project-1'
+    denormalize(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(flag_values.project, 'my-new-project-1')
+    self.assertEqual(flag_values.project_id, None)
+
+    flag_values.project_id = 'my-new-project-2'
+    flag_values.project = None
+    denormalize(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(flag_values.project, 'my-new-project-2')
+    self.assertEqual(flag_values.project_id, None)
+
+    flag_values.project_id = 'MyUppercaseProject-1'
+    flag_values.project = None
+    self.assertRaises(command_base.CommandError, denormalize, flag_values)
+
+    flag_values.project = 'MyUppercaseProject-2'
+    flag_values.project_id = None
+    self.assertRaises(command_base.CommandError, denormalize, flag_values)
+
+  def testDenormalizeResourceName(self):
+    denormalize = command_base.GoogleComputeCommand.DenormalizeResourceName
+    self.assertEqual('dual-cpu',
+                     denormalize('projects/google/machine_types/dual-cpu'))
+    self.assertEqual('dual-cpu',
+                     denormalize('/projects/google/machine_types/dual-cpu'))
+    self.assertEqual('dual-cpu',
+                     denormalize('projects/google/machine_types/dual-cpu/'))
+    self.assertEqual('dual-cpu',
+                     denormalize('/projects/google/machine_types/dual-cpu/'))
+    self.assertEqual('dual-cpu',
+                     denormalize('//projects/google/machine_types/dual-cpu//'))
+    self.assertEqual('dual-cpu',
+                     denormalize('dual-cpu'))
+    self.assertEqual('dual-cpu',
+                     denormalize('/dual-cpu'))
+    self.assertEqual('dual-cpu',
+                     denormalize('dual-cpu/'))
+    self.assertEqual('dual-cpu',
+                     denormalize('/dual-cpu/'))
+
+  def _DoTestNormalizeResourceName(self, service_version):
+    class MockCommand(command_base.GoogleComputeCommand):
+      def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+        super(MockCommand, self).__init__(name, flag_values)
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'google'
+    flag_values.service_version = service_version
+
+    command = MockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+
+    prefix = 'https://www.googleapis.com/compute/%s' % service_version
+    expected = '%s/projects/google/machine_types/dual-cpu' % prefix
+
+    self.assertEqual(
+        expected,
+        command.NormalizeResourceName('google', None, 'machine_types',
+                                      'dual-cpu'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        expected,
+        command.NormalizeResourceName('google', None, 'machine_types',
+                                      '/dual-cpu'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        expected,
+        command.NormalizeResourceName('google', None, 'machine_types',
+                                      'dual-cpu/'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        expected,
+        command.NormalizeResourceName('google', None, 'machine_types',
+                                      '/dual-cpu/'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        expected,
+        command.NormalizeResourceName(
+            'google',
+            None,
+            'machine_types',
+            'projects/google/machine_types/dual-cpu'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        expected,
+        command.NormalizeResourceName(
+            'google',
+            None,
+            'machine_types',
+            '/projects/google/machine_types/dual-cpu'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        expected,
+        command.NormalizeResourceName(
+            'google',
+            None,
+            'machine_types',
+            'projects/google/machine_types/dual-cpu/'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        expected,
+        command.NormalizeResourceName(
+            'google',
+            None,
+            'machine_types',
+            '/projects/google/machine_types/dual-cpu/'))
+    self.assertEqual(
+        '%s/projects/google/kernels/default' % prefix,
+        command.NormalizeResourceName(
+            'my-project',
+            None,
+            'kernels',
+            'projects/google/kernels/default'))
+
+  def testNormalizeResourceName(self):
+    for version in command_base.SUPPORTED_VERSIONS:
+      self._DoTestNormalizeResourceName(version)
+
+  def testNormalizeScopedResourceName(self):
+    class MockCommand(command_base.GoogleComputeCommand):
+      def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+        super(MockCommand, self).__init__(name, flag_values)
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'my-project'
+
+    command = MockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+
+    # Validate scope is ignored downlevel
+    flag_values.service_version = 'v1beta13'
+    prefix = 'https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1beta13'
+    expected = '%s/projects/my-project/objects/foo-bar' % prefix
+    self.assertEqual(
+        expected,
+        command.NormalizeResourceName('my-project', 'scope', 'objects',
+                                      'foo-bar'))
+
+    # Validate scope is expected in v1beta14 and above
+    flag_values.service_version = 'v1beta14'
+    prefix = 'https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1beta14'
+
+    expected = '%s/projects/my-project/scope/objects/foo-bar' % prefix
+    self.assertEqual(
+        expected,
+        command.NormalizeResourceName('my-project', 'scope', 'objects',
+                                      'foo-bar'))
+
+    # Validate helper wrappers
+    expected = '%s/projects/my-project/objects/foo-bar' % prefix
+    self.assertEqual(
+        expected,
+        command.NormalizeTopLevelResourceName('my-project', 'objects',
+                                              'foo-bar'))
+
+    expected = '%s/projects/my-project/global/objects/foo-bar' % prefix
+    self.assertEqual(
+        expected,
+        command.NormalizeGlobalResourceName('my-project', 'objects',
+                                            'foo-bar'))
+
+    expected = '%s/projects/my-project/zones/zone-a/objects/foo-bar' % prefix
+    self.assertEqual(
+        expected,
+        command.NormalizePerZoneResourceName('my-project', 'zone-a', 'objects',
+                                             'foo-bar'))
+
+  def testFlattenToDict(self):
+    class TestClass(command_base.GoogleComputeCommand):
+      fields = (('name', 'id'),
+                ('simple', 'path.to.object'),
+                ('multiple', 'more.elements'),
+                ('multiple', 'even_more.elements'),
+                ('repeated', 'things'),
+                ('long', 'l'),
+                ('does not exist', 'dne'),
+                ('partial match', 'path.to.nowhere'),
+               )
+
+    data = {'id': ('https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1beta1/' +
+                   'projects/test/object/foo'),
+            'path': {'to': {'object': 'bar'}},
+            'more': [{'elements': 'a'}, {'elements': 'b'}],
+            'even_more': [{'elements': 800}, {'elements': 800}],
+            'things': [1, 2, 3],
+            'l': 'n' * 80}
+    expected_result = ['foo', 'bar', 'a,b', '800,800', '1,2,3',
+                       '%s..%s' % ('n' * 31, 'n' * 31), '', '']
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'test'
+    test_class = TestClass('foo', flag_values)
+    test_class.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    flattened = test_class._FlattenObjectToList(data, test_class.fields)
+    self.assertEquals(flattened, expected_result)
+
+  def testFlattenToDictWithMultipleTargets(self):
+    class TestClass(command_base.GoogleComputeCommand):
+      fields = (('name', ('name', 'id')),
+                ('simple', ('path.to.object', 'foo')),
+                ('multiple', 'more.elements'),
+                ('multiple', 'even_more.elements'),
+                ('repeated', 'things'),
+                ('long', ('l', 'longer')),
+                ('does not exist', 'dne'),
+                ('partial match', 'path.to.nowhere'),
+               )
+
+    data = {'name': ('https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1beta1/' +
+                     'projects/test/object/foo'),
+            'path': {'to': {'object': 'bar'}},
+            'more': [{'elements': 'a'}, {'elements': 'b'}],
+            'even_more': [{'elements': 800}, {'elements': 800}],
+            'things': [1, 2, 3],
+            'longer': 'n' * 80}
+    expected_result = ['foo', 'bar', 'a,b', '800,800', '1,2,3',
+                       '%s..%s' % ('n' * 31, 'n' * 31), '', '']
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'test'
+    test_class = TestClass('foo', flag_values)
+    test_class.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    flattened = test_class._FlattenObjectToList(data, test_class.fields)
+    self.assertEquals(flattened, expected_result)
+
+  def testPositionArgumentParsing(self):
+    class MockCommand(command_base.GoogleComputeCommand):
+
+      def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+        super(MockCommand, self).__init__(name, flag_values)
+        flags.DEFINE_string('mockflag',
+                            'wrong_mock_flag',
+                            'Mock Flag',
+                            flag_values=flag_values)
+
+      def Handle(self, arg1, arg2, arg3):
+        pass
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    command = MockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+
+    expected_arg1 = 'foo'
+    expected_arg2 = 'bar'
+    expected_arg3 = 'baz'
+    expected_flagvalue = 'wow'
+
+    command_line = ['mock_command', expected_arg1, expected_arg2,
+                    expected_arg3, '--mockflag=' + expected_flagvalue]
+
+    # Verify the positional argument parser correctly identifies the parameters
+    # and flags.
+    result = command._ParseArgumentsAndFlags(flag_values, command_line)
+
+    self.assertEqual(result[0], expected_arg1)
+    self.assertEqual(result[1], expected_arg2)
+    self.assertEqual(result[2], expected_arg3)
+    self.assertEqual(flag_values.mockflag, expected_flagvalue)
+
+  def testErroneousKeyWordArgumentParsing(self):
+    class MockCommand(command_base.GoogleComputeCommand):
+
+      def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+        super(MockCommand, self).__init__(name, flag_values)
+        flags.DEFINE_integer('mockflag',
+                             10,
+                             'Mock Flag',
+                             flag_values=flag_values,
+                             lower_bound=0)
+
+      def Handle(self, arg1, arg2, arg3):
+        pass
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    command = MockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+
+    # Ensures that a type mistmatch for a keyword argument causes a
+    # CommandError to be raised.
+    bad_values = [-100, -2, 0.2, .30, 100.1]
+    for val in bad_values:
+      command_line = ['mock_command', '--mockflag=%s' % val]
+      self.assertRaises(command_base.CommandError,
+                        command._ParseArgumentsAndFlags,
+                        flag_values, command_line)
+
+    # Ensures that passing a nonexistent keyword argument also causes
+    # a CommandError to be raised.
+    command_line = ['mock_command', '--nonexistent_flag=boo!']
+    self.assertRaises(command_base.CommandError,
+                      command._ParseArgumentsAndFlags,
+                      flag_values, command_line)
+
+  def testSafetyPromptYes(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    command_line = ['mock_command']
+
+    command = CommandBaseTest.MockSafetyCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    args = command._ParseArgumentsAndFlags(flag_values, command_line)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+
+    mock_output = mock_api.MockOutput()
+    mock_input = mock_api.MockInput('Y\n\r')
+
+    oldin = sys.stdin
+    sys.stdin = mock_input
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    result = command._HandleSafetyPrompt(args)
+
+    self.assertEqual(mock_output.GetCapturedText(),
+                     'Take scary action? [y/N]\n>>> ')
+    self.assertEqual(result, True)
+
+    sys.stdin = oldin
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+  def testSafetyPromptWithArgsYes(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    command_line = ['mock_cmd', 'arg1', 'arg2']
+
+    command = CommandBaseTest.MockSafetyCommandWithArgs('mock_cmd', flag_values)
+    args = command._ParseArgumentsAndFlags(flag_values, command_line)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+
+    mock_output = CommandBaseTest.CaptureOutput()
+    mock_input = CommandBaseTest.MockInput('Y\n\r')
+
+    oldin = sys.stdin
+    sys.stdin = mock_input
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    result = command._HandleSafetyPrompt(args)
+
+    self.assertEqual(mock_output.GetCapturedText(),
+                     'Act on arg1, arg2? [y/N]\n>>> ')
+    self.assertEqual(result, True)
+
+    sys.stdin = oldin
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+  def testSafetyPromptMissingArgs(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    command_line = ['mock_cmd', 'arg1']
+
+    command = CommandBaseTest.MockSafetyCommandWithArgs('mock_cmd', flag_values)
+
+    command_base.sys.exit = CommandBaseTest.FakeExit()
+    sys.stderr = CommandBaseTest.CaptureOutput()
+
+    gcutil_logging.SetupLogging()
+    self.assertRaises(command_base.CommandError,
+                      command._ParseArgumentsAndFlags,
+                      flag_values, command_line)
+
+  def testSafetyPromptExtraArgs(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    command_line = ['mock_cmd', 'arg1', 'arg2', 'arg3']
+
+    command = CommandBaseTest.MockSafetyCommandWithArgs('mock_cmd', flag_values)
+
+    command_base.sys.exit = CommandBaseTest.FakeExit()
+    sys.stderr = CommandBaseTest.CaptureOutput()
+
+    gcutil_logging.SetupLogging()
+    self.assertRaises(command_base.CommandError,
+                      command._ParseArgumentsAndFlags,
+                      flag_values, command_line)
+
+  def testSafetyPromptNo(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    command_line = ['mock_command']
+
+    command = CommandBaseTest.MockSafetyCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    args = command._ParseArgumentsAndFlags(flag_values, command_line)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+
+    mock_output = mock_api.MockOutput()
+    mock_input = mock_api.MockInput('garbage\n\r')
+
+    oldin = sys.stdin
+    sys.stdin = mock_input
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    result = command._HandleSafetyPrompt(args)
+
+    self.assertEqual(mock_output.GetCapturedText(),
+                     'Take scary action? [y/N]\n>>> ')
+    self.assertEqual(result, False)
+
+    sys.stdin = oldin
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+  def testSafetyPromptForce(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    command_line = ['mock_command', '--force']
+
+    command = CommandBaseTest.MockSafetyCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    args = command._ParseArgumentsAndFlags(flag_values, command_line)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+
+    mock_output = mock_api.MockOutput()
+
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    result = command._HandleSafetyPrompt(args)
+
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+    self.assertEqual(result, True)
+    self.assertEqual(mock_output.GetCapturedText(), '')
+
+  def testPromptForEntryWithZeroItems(self):
+
+    class MockCollectionApi(object):
+
+      def list(self, project=None, maxResults=None, filter=None, pageToken=None):
+        return mock_api.MockRequest(
+               {'kind': 'compute#collectionList',
+                'id': 'projects/p/collection',
+                'selfLink':
+                  'https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/p/collection'
+                })
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'p'
+
+    command = command_base.GoogleComputeCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(
+        command._PromptForEntry(MockCollectionApi(), 'collection'),
+        None)
+
+  def testPromptForEntryWithOneItem(self):
+
+    class MockCollectionApi(object):
+
+      def list(self, project=None, maxResults=None, filter=None, pageToken=None):
+        return mock_api.MockRequest(
+               {'kind': 'compute#collectionList',
+                'id': 'projects/p/collection',
+                'selfLink':
+                  'https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/p/collection',
+                'items': [{'name': 'item-1'}]
+                })
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'p'
+
+    command = command_base.GoogleComputeCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+
+    # Tests _PromptForEntry with auto selecting on.
+    self.assertEqual(command._PromptForEntry(MockCollectionApi(), 'collection',
+                                             auto_select=True),
+                     {'name': 'item-1'})
+
+    # Tests _PromptForEntry with auto selecting off.
+    mock_output = CommandBaseTest.CaptureOutput()
+    mock_input = CommandBaseTest.MockInput('1\n')
+
+    oldin = sys.stdin
+    sys.stdin = mock_input
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    result = command._PromptForEntry(MockCollectionApi(), 'collection',
+                                     auto_select=False)
+
+    self.assertEqual(mock_output.GetCapturedText(),
+                     '1: item-1\n>>> ')
+    self.assertEqual(result, {'name': 'item-1'})
+
+    sys.stdin = oldin
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+  def testPromptForEntryWithManyItems(self):
+
+    class MockCollectionApi(object):
+
+      def list(self, project=None, maxResults=None, filter=None, pageToken=None):
+        return mock_api.MockRequest(
+               {'kind': 'compute#collectionList',
+                'id': 'projects/p/collection',
+                'selfLink':
+                  'https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/p/collection',
+                'items': [{'name': 'item-1'},
+                          {'name': 'item-2'},
+                          {'name': 'item-3'},
+                          {'name': 'item-4'}]})
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'p'
+
+    command = command_base.GoogleComputeCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+
+    mock_output = CommandBaseTest.CaptureOutput()
+    mock_input = CommandBaseTest.MockInput('3\n')
+
+    oldin = sys.stdin
+    sys.stdin = mock_input
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    result = command._PromptForEntry(MockCollectionApi(), 'collection',
+                                     auto_select=False)
+
+    self.assertEqual(
+        mock_output.GetCapturedText(),
+        '\n'.join(('1: item-1', '2: item-2', '3: item-3', '4: item-4', '>>> ')))
+    self.assertEqual(result, {'name': 'item-3'})
+
+    sys.stdin = oldin
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+  def testPromptForEntryWithManyItemsAndAdditionalKeyFunc(self):
+
+    class MockCollectionApi(object):
+
+      def list(self, project=None, maxResults=None, filter=None,
+               pageToken=None):
+        return mock_api.MockRequest(
+               {'kind': 'compute#machineTypeList',
+                'id': 'projects/p/machineTypes',
+                'selfLink': ('https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/p/'
+                             'machineTypes'),
+                'items': [{'name': 'n1-highcpu-4-d'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-standard-2'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-standard-1-d'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-standard-8-d'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-highcpu-8-d'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-standard-2-d'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-standard-1'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-standard-4'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-highmem-4'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-highcpu-4'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-highcpu-2'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-standard-4-d'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-standard-8'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-highmem-2'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-highmem-2-d'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-highcpu-2-d'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-highmem-8'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-highcpu-8'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-highmem-8-d'},
+                          {'name': 'n1-highmem-4-d'}]})
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'p'
+
+    command = command_base.GoogleComputeCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+
+    mock_output = CommandBaseTest.CaptureOutput()
+    mock_input = CommandBaseTest.MockInput('3\n')
+
+    oldin = sys.stdin
+    sys.stdin = mock_input
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    result = command._PromptForEntry(
+        MockCollectionApi(), 'machine type', auto_select=False,
+        additional_key_func=command._GetMachineTypeSecondarySortScore)
+
+    self.assertEqual(
+        mock_output.GetCapturedText(),
+        '\n'.join((
+            '1: n1-standard-1',
+            '2: n1-standard-1-d',
+            '3: n1-standard-2',
+            '4: n1-standard-2-d',
+            '5: n1-standard-4',
+            '6: n1-standard-4-d',
+            '7: n1-standard-8',
+            '8: n1-standard-8-d',
+            '9: n1-highcpu-2',
+            '10: n1-highcpu-2-d',
+            '11: n1-highcpu-4',
+            '12: n1-highcpu-4-d',
+            '13: n1-highcpu-8',
+            '14: n1-highcpu-8-d',
+            '15: n1-highmem-2',
+            '16: n1-highmem-2-d',
+            '17: n1-highmem-4',
+            '18: n1-highmem-4-d',
+            '19: n1-highmem-8',
+            '20: n1-highmem-8-d',
+            '>>> ')))
+    self.assertEqual(result, {'name': 'n1-standard-2'})
+
+    sys.stdin = oldin
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+  def testPromptForEntryWithDeprecatedItems(self):
+
+    class MockCollectionApi(object):
+
+      def list(self, project=None, maxResults=None, filter=None, pageToken=None):
+        return mock_api.MockRequest(
+            {'kind': 'compute#collectionList',
+             'id': 'projects/p/collection',
+             'selfLink':
+             'https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/p/collection',
+             'items': [{'name': 'item-1',
+                        'deprecated':
+                        {'state': 'DEPRECATED'}},
+                       {'name': 'item-2'},
+                       {'name': 'item-3',
+                        'deprecated':
+                        {'state': 'OBSOLETE'}},
+                       {'name': 'item-4'},
+                       {'name': 'item-5',
+                        'deprecated':
+                        {'state': 'DEPRECATED'}},
+                       {'name': 'item-6',
+                        'deprecated':
+                        {'state': 'DELETED'}}]})
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'p'
+
+    command = command_base.GoogleComputeCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+
+    mock_output = CommandBaseTest.CaptureOutput()
+    mock_input = CommandBaseTest.MockInput('3\n')
+
+    oldin = sys.stdin
+    sys.stdin = mock_input
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    result = command._PromptForEntry(MockCollectionApi(), 'collection',
+                                     auto_select=False)
+
+    self.assertEqual(
+        mock_output.GetCapturedText(),
+        '\n'.join(('1: item-2', '2: item-4', '3: item-1 (DEPRECATED)',
+                   '4: item-5 (DEPRECATED)', '>>> ')))
+    self.assertEqual(result, {'name': 'item-1', 'deprecated':
+                              {'state': 'DEPRECATED'}})
+    sys.stdin = oldin
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+  def testPromptForChoicesWithOneDeprecatedItem(self):
+    class MockCollectionApi(object):
+
+      def list(self, project=None, maxResults=None, filter=None, pageToken=None):
+        return mock_api.MockRequest(
+            {'kind': 'compute#collectionList',
+             'id': 'projects/p/collection',
+             'selfLink':
+             'https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/p/collection',
+             'items': [{'name': 'item-1',
+                        'deprecated':
+                        {'state': 'DEPRECATED'}}]})
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'p'
+
+    command = command_base.GoogleComputeCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+
+    mock_output = CommandBaseTest.CaptureOutput()
+
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    result = command._PromptForEntry(MockCollectionApi(), 'collection')
+
+    self.assertEqual(
+        mock_output.GetCapturedText(),
+        'Selecting the only available collection: item-1\n')
+    self.assertEqual(result, {'name': 'item-1', 'deprecated':
+                              {'state': 'DEPRECATED'}})
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+  def testDetailOutput(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'user'
+
+    command = CommandBaseTest.MockDetailCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    expected_output = (u'+-------------+-------------+\n'
+                       '|  property   |    value    |\n'
+                       '+-------------+-------------+\n'
+                       '| name        | my-object-c |\n'
+                       '| id          | 123         |\n'
+                       '| description | Object C    |\n'
+                       '| additional  | foo         |\n'
+                       '+-------------+-------------+\n')
+    mock_output = mock_api.MockOutput()
+
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    result = command.Handle()
+    command.PrintResult(result)
+
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+    self.assertEqual(mock_output.GetCapturedText(), expected_output)
+
+  def testEmptyList(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'user'
+
+    class ListEmptyMockCommand(CommandBaseTest.ListMockCommand):
+      def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+        super(ListEmptyMockCommand, self).__init__(name, flag_values)
+
+      def Handle(self):
+        return {'kind': 'cloud#objectsList'}
+
+    command = ListEmptyMockCommand('empty_list', flag_values)
+    expected_output = (u'+------+----+-------------+\n'
+                       '| name | id | description |\n'
+                       '+------+----+-------------+\n'
+                       '+------+----+-------------+\n')
+    mock_output = mock_api.MockOutput()
+
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    result = command.Handle()
+    command.PrintResult(result)
+
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+    self.assertEqual(mock_output.GetCapturedText(), expected_output)
+
+  def testSortingNone(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'user'
+
+    command = CommandBaseTest.ListMockCommandBase('mock_command', flag_values)
+    expected_output = (u'+-------------+-----+-------------+\n'
+                       '|    name     | id  | description |\n'
+                       '+-------------+-----+-------------+\n'
+                       '| my-object-c | 123 | Object C    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-a | 789 | Object A    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-b | 456 | Object B    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-d | 999 | Object D    |\n'
+                       '+-------------+-----+-------------+\n')
+    mock_output = mock_api.MockOutput()
+
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    result = command.Handle()
+    command.PrintResult(result)
+
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+    self.assertEqual(mock_output.GetCapturedText(), expected_output)
+
+  def testSortingDefault(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'user'
+
+    command = CommandBaseTest.ListMockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    mock_output = mock_api.MockOutput()
+    expected_output = (u'+-------------+-----+-------------+\n'
+                       '|    name     | id  | description |\n'
+                       '+-------------+-----+-------------+\n'
+                       '| my-object-a | 789 | Object A    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-b | 456 | Object B    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-c | 123 | Object C    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-d | 999 | Object D    |\n'
+                       '+-------------+-----+-------------+\n')
+
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    result = command.Handle()
+    command.PrintResult(result)
+
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+    self.assertEqual(mock_output.GetCapturedText(), expected_output)
+
+  def testSortingSpecifiedInAscendingOrder(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'user'
+
+    command = CommandBaseTest.ListMockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    mock_output = mock_api.MockOutput()
+
+    flag_values.sort_by = 'id'
+
+    expected_output = (u'+-------------+-----+-------------+\n'
+                       '|    name     | id  | description |\n'
+                       '+-------------+-----+-------------+\n'
+                       '| my-object-c | 123 | Object C    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-b | 456 | Object B    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-a | 789 | Object A    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-d | 999 | Object D    |\n'
+                       '+-------------+-----+-------------+\n')
+
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    result = command.Handle()
+    command.PrintResult(result)
+
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+    self.assertEqual(mock_output.GetCapturedText(), expected_output)
+
+  def testSortingSpecifiedInDescendingOrder(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'user'
+
+    command = CommandBaseTest.ListMockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    mock_output = mock_api.MockOutput()
+
+    flag_values.sort_by = '-id'
+
+    expected_output = (u'+-------------+-----+-------------+\n'
+                       '|    name     | id  | description |\n'
+                       '+-------------+-----+-------------+\n'
+                       '| my-object-d | 999 | Object D    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-a | 789 | Object A    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-b | 456 | Object B    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-c | 123 | Object C    |\n'
+                       '+-------------+-----+-------------+\n')
+
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    result = command.Handle()
+    command.PrintResult(result)
+
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+    self.assertEqual(mock_output.GetCapturedText(), expected_output)
+
+  def testGracefulHandlingOfInvalidDefaultSortField(self):
+
+    class ListMockCommandWithBadDefaultSortField(
+        CommandBaseTest.ListMockCommandBase):
+
+      default_sort_field = 'bad-field-name'
+
+      def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+        super(ListMockCommandWithBadDefaultSortField, self).__init__(
+            name, flag_values)
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.project = 'user'
+
+    command = ListMockCommandWithBadDefaultSortField(
+        'mock_command', flag_values)
+
+    # The output is expected to remain unsorted if the default sort
+    # field is invalid.
+    expected_output = (u'+-------------+-----+-------------+\n'
+                       '|    name     | id  | description |\n'
+                       '+-------------+-----+-------------+\n'
+                       '| my-object-c | 123 | Object C    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-a | 789 | Object A    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-b | 456 | Object B    |\n'
+                       '| my-object-d | 999 | Object D    |\n'
+                       '+-------------+-----+-------------+\n')
+    mock_output = mock_api.MockOutput()
+
+    oldout = sys.stdout
+    sys.stdout = mock_output
+
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    result = command.Handle()
+    command.PrintResult(result)
+
+    sys.stdout = oldout
+
+    self.assertEqual(mock_output.GetCapturedText(), expected_output)
+
+  def testVersionComparison(self):
+    class MockCommand(CommandBaseTest.ListMockCommand):
+      def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+        super(MockCommand, self).__init__(name, flag_values)
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+
+    command = MockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command.supported_versions = ['v1beta2', 'v1beta3', 'v1beta4',
+                                  'v1beta5', 'v1beta6']
+
+    flag_values.service_version = 'v1beta4'
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    self.assertFalse(command._IsUsingAtLeastApiVersion('v1beta6'))
+    self.assertFalse(command._IsUsingAtLeastApiVersion('v1beta5'))
+    self.assertTrue(command._IsUsingAtLeastApiVersion('v1beta4'))
+    self.assertTrue(command._IsUsingAtLeastApiVersion('v1beta2'))
+
+    flag_values.service_version = 'v1beta6'
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    self.assertTrue(command._IsUsingAtLeastApiVersion('v1beta6'))
+    self.assertTrue(command._IsUsingAtLeastApiVersion('v1beta5'))
+    self.assertTrue(command._IsUsingAtLeastApiVersion('v1beta4'))
+    self.assertTrue(command._IsUsingAtLeastApiVersion('v1beta2'))
+
+  def testTracing(self):
+    class MockComputeApi(object):
+      def __init__(self, trace_calls):
+        self._trace_calls = trace_calls
+
+      def Disks(self):
+        class MockDisksApi(object):
+          def __init__(self, trace_calls):
+            self._trace_calls = trace_calls
+
+          def Insert(self, trace=None):
+            if trace:
+              self._trace_calls.append(trace)
+
+        return MockDisksApi(self._trace_calls)
+
+    # Expect no tracing if flag is not set.
+    trace_calls = []
+    compute = command_base.GoogleComputeCommand.WrapApiIfNeeded(
+        MockComputeApi(trace_calls))
+    compute.Disks().Insert()
+    self.assertEqual(0, len(trace_calls))
+
+    # Expect tracing if trace_token flag is set.
+    trace_calls = []
+    FLAGS.trace_token = 'THE_TOKEN'
+    compute = command_base.GoogleComputeCommand.WrapApiIfNeeded(
+        MockComputeApi(trace_calls))
+    compute.Disks().Insert()
+    self.assertEqual(1, len(trace_calls))
+    self.assertEqual('token:THE_TOKEN', trace_calls[0])
+    FLAGS.trace_token = ''
+
+
+  def testWaitForOperation(self):
+    complete_name = 'operation-complete'
+    running_name = 'operation-running'
+    pending_name = 'operation-pending'
+    stuck_name = 'operation-stuck'
+
+    base_operation = {'kind': 'cloud#operation',
+                      'targetLink': ('https://www.googleapis.com/compute/'
+                                     'v1beta100/projects/p/instances/i1'),
+                      'operationType': 'insert'}
+
+    completed_operation = dict(base_operation)
+    completed_operation.update({'name': complete_name,
+                                'status': 'DONE'})
+    running_operation = dict(base_operation)
+    running_operation.update({'name': running_name,
+                              'status': 'RUNNING'})
+    pending_operation = dict(base_operation)
+    pending_operation.update({'name': pending_name,
+                              'status': 'PENDING'})
+    stuck_operation = dict(base_operation)
+    stuck_operation.update({'name': stuck_name,
+                            'status': 'PENDING'})
+
+    next_operation = {complete_name: completed_operation,
+                      running_name: completed_operation,
+                      pending_name: running_operation,
+                      stuck_name: stuck_operation}
+
+
+    class MockHttpResponse(object):
+      def __init__(self, status, reason):
+        self.status = status
+        self.reason = reason
+
+    class MockHttp(object):
+      def request(self_, url, method='GET', body=None, headers=None):
+        response = MockHttpResponse(200, 'OK')
+        data = '{ "kind": "compute#instance", "name": "i1" }'
+        return response, data
+
+    class MockCommand(command_base.GoogleComputeCommand):
+      def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+        super(MockCommand, self).__init__(name, flag_values)
+
+      def SetApi(self, api):
+        pass
+
+      def Handle(self):
+        pass
+
+      def CreateHttp(self):
+        return MockHttp()
+
+    class MockTimer(object):
+      def __init__(self):
+        self._current_time = 0
+
+      def time(self):
+        return self._current_time
+
+      def sleep(self, time_to_sleep):
+        self._current_time += time_to_sleep
+        return self._current_time
+
+    class LocalMockOperationsApi(object):
+      def __init__(self):
+        self._get_call_count = 0
+
+      def GetCallCount(self):
+        return self._get_call_count
+
+      def get(self, project='unused project', operation='operation'):
+        unused_project = project
+        self._get_call_count += 1
+        return mock_api.MockRequest(next_operation[operation])
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    flag_values.sleep_between_polls = 1
+    flag_values.max_wait_time = 30
+    flag_values.service_version = 'v1beta13'
+    flag_values.synchronous_mode = False
+    flag_values.project = 'test'
+
+    # Ensure a synchronous result returns immediately.
+    timer = MockTimer()
+    command = MockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    command.SetApi(mock_api.MockApi())
+    command._global_operations_api = LocalMockOperationsApi()
+    diskResult = {'kind': 'cloud#disk'}
+    result = command.WaitForOperation(flag_values, timer, diskResult)
+    self.assertEqual(0, command._global_operations_api.GetCallCount())
+
+    # Ensure an asynchronous result loops until complete.
+    timer = MockTimer()
+    command = MockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    command.SetApi(mock_api.MockApi())
+    command._global_operations_api = LocalMockOperationsApi()
+    result = command.WaitForOperation(flag_values, timer, pending_operation)
+    self.assertEqual(2, command._global_operations_api.GetCallCount())
+
+    # Ensure an asynchronous result eventually times out
+    timer = MockTimer()
+    command = MockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    command.SetApi(mock_api.MockApi())
+    command._global_operations_api = LocalMockOperationsApi()
+    result = command.WaitForOperation(flag_values, timer, stuck_operation)
+    self.assertEqual(30, command._global_operations_api.GetCallCount())
+    self.assertEqual(result['status'], 'PENDING')
+
+  def testBuildComputeApi(self):
+    """Ensures that building of the API from the discovery succeeds."""
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    command = command_base.GoogleComputeCommand('test_cmd', flag_values)
+    command._BuildComputeApi(None)
+
+  def testGetZone(self):
+    zones = {
+        'zone-a': {
+            'kind': 'compute#zone',
+            'id': '1',
+            'creationTimestamp': '2011-07-27T20:04:06.171',
+            'selfLink': (
+                'https://googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/p/zones/zone-a'),
+            'name': 'zone-a',
+            'description': 'Zone zone/a',
+            'status': 'UP'},
+        'zone-b': {
+            'kind': 'compute#zone',
+            'id': '2',
+            'creationTimestamp': '2012-01-12T00:20:42.057',
+            'selfLink': (
+                'https://googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/p/zones/zone-b'),
+            'name': 'zone-b',
+            'description': 'Zone zone/b',
+            'status': 'UP',
+            'maintenanceWindows': [
+                {
+                    'name': '2012-06-24-planned-outage',
+                    'description': 'maintenance zone',
+                    'beginTime': '2012-06-24T07:00:00.000',
+                    'endTime': '2012-07-08T07:00:00.000'
+                    }
+                ]
+            }
+        }
+
+    class MockCommand(command_base.GoogleComputeCommand):
+      def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+        super(MockCommand, self).__init__(name, flag_values)
+
+      def SetApi(self, api):
+        pass
+
+      def Handle(self):
+        pass
+
+    class MockZonesApi(object):
+
+      def get(self, zone, **unused_kwargs):
+        return mock_api.MockRequest(zones[zone])
+
+    def _PromptForZone():
+      return zones['zone-a']
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    command = MockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    flag_values.project = 'p'
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    command._zones_api = MockZonesApi()
+    command._PromptForZone = _PromptForZone
+
+    self.assertEqual(command._GetZone('zone-a'), 'zone-a')
+    self.assertEqual(command._GetZone('zone-b'), 'zone-b')
+    self.assertEqual(command._GetZone(None), 'zone-a')
+
+  def testGetNextMaintenanceStart(self):
+    zone = {
+        'kind': 'compute#zone',
+        'name': 'zone',
+        'maintenanceWindows': [
+            {
+                'name': 'january',
+                'beginTime': '2013-01-01T00:00:00.000',
+                'endTime': '2013-01-31T00:00:00.000'
+                },
+            {
+                'name': 'march',
+                'beginTime': '2013-03-01T00:00:00.000',
+                'endTime': '2013-03-31T00:00:00.000'
+                },
+            ]
+        }
+
+    gnms = command_base.GoogleComputeCommand._GetNextMaintenanceStart
+    start = gnms(zone, datetime.datetime(2012, 12, 1))
+    self.assertEqual(start, datetime.datetime(2013, 1, 1))
+    start = gnms(zone, datetime.datetime(2013, 2, 14))
+    self.assertEqual(start, datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 1))
+    start = gnms(zone, datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 15))
+    self.assertEqual(start, datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 1))
+
+  def testGetZoneForResource(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    expected_project = 'google'
+    flag_values.project = expected_project
+    flag_values.service_version = 'v1beta13'
+
+    class MockCommand(command_base.GoogleComputeCommand):
+
+      resource_collection_name = 'foos'
+
+      def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+        super(MockCommand, self).__init__(name, flag_values)
+        flags.DEFINE_string('zone',
+                            None,
+                            'Zone name.',
+                            flag_values=flag_values)
+        self.params = None
+
+      def RunWithFlagsAndPositionalArgs(self, flag_values, pos_arg_values):
+        if self._flags != flag_values:
+          raise RuntimeError('Flags mismatch')
+        self.Handle(*pos_arg_values)
+
+      def Handle(self, param1, param2):
+        self.params = (param1, param2)
+        return None
+
+    class MockApi(object):
+      list_response = None
+
+      def __init__(self):
+        pass
+
+      def list(self, **kwargs):
+        self.list_parameters = kwargs
+        return self.list_response
+
+    class LocalMockZonesApi(object):
+      def list(self, project='unused project', maxResults='unused',
+               filter='unused'):
+        return mock_api.MockRequest({'items': [{'name': 'zone1'}]})
+
+    command = MockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command._zones_api = LocalMockZonesApi()
+    api = MockApi()
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+
+    # Project-qualified name.
+    self.assertEqual(
+        command.GetZoneForResource(None, 'projects/foo/zones/bar'), 'bar')
+
+    # Special 'global' zone.
+    flag_values.zone = 'global'
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(
+        command.GetZoneForResource(None, command_base.GLOBAL_ZONE_NAME),
+        None)
+
+    # Zone name explicitly set.
+    flag_values.zone = 'explicitly-set-zone'
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(
+        command.GetZoneForResource(None, 'some-resource'),
+        'explicitly-set-zone')
+
+
+  def testGetUsageWithPositionalArgs(self):
+
+    class MockCommand(command_base.GoogleComputeCommand):
+      positional_args = '<arg-1> ... <arg-n>'
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    command = MockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    self.assertTrue(command._GetUsage().endswith(
+        ' [--global_flags] mock_command [--command_flags] <arg-1> ... <arg-n>'))
+
+  def testGetUsageWithNoPositionalArgs(self):
+
+    class MockCommand(command_base.GoogleComputeCommand):
+      pass
+
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    command = MockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    self.assertTrue(command._GetUsage().endswith(
+        ' [--global_flags] mock_command [--command_flags]'))
+
+
+  def testGoogleComputeListCommandPerZone(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    expected_project = 'foo'
+    flag_values.project = expected_project
+    flag_values.service_version = 'v1beta14'
+
+    object_a = {'description': 'Object A',
+                'id': 'projects/user/zones/a/objects/my-object-a',
+                'kind': 'cloud#object'}
+    object_b = {'description': 'Object B',
+                'id': 'projects/user/zones/b/objects/my-object-b',
+                'kind': 'cloud#object'}
+    list_a = {'items': [object_a],
+              'kind': 'cloud#objectList'}
+    list_b = {'items': [object_b],
+              'kind': 'cloud#objectList'}
+    list_all = {'items': [object_a, object_b],
+                'kind': 'cloud#objectList'}
+
+    class LocalMockZonesApi(object):
+      def list(self, project='unused project', maxResults='unused',
+               filter='unused'):
+        return mock_api.MockRequest({'items': [{'name': 'a'},
+                                               {'name': 'b'}]})
+
+    class ZoneListMockCommand(CommandBaseTest.ListMockCommandBase):
+      """A list mock command that represents a zone-scoped collection."""
+      is_global_level_collection = False
+      is_zone_level_collection = True
+
+      def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+        super(CommandBaseTest.ListMockCommandBase, self).__init__(name,
+                                                                  flag_values)
+        flags.DEFINE_string('zone',
+                            None,
+                            'The zone to list.',
+                            flag_values=flag_values)
+
+      def ListZoneFunc(self):
+        def Func(project=None, maxResults=None, filter=None, pageToken=None,
+                 zone=None):
+          if zone == 'a':
+            return mock_api.MockRequest(list_a)
+          else:
+            return mock_api.MockRequest(list_b)
+
+        return Func
+
+    command = ZoneListMockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command._zones_api = LocalMockZonesApi()
+
+    # Test single zone
+    flag_values.zone = 'a'
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(list_a, command.Handle())
+
+    # Test all zones
+    flag_values.zone = None
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(list_all, command.Handle())
+
+  def testGoogleComputeListCommandZoneAndGlobal(self):
+    flag_values = copy.deepcopy(FLAGS)
+    expected_project = 'foo'
+    flag_values.project = expected_project
+    flag_values.service_version = 'v1beta14'
+
+    object_a = {'description': 'Object A',
+                'id': 'projects/user/zones/a/objects/my-object-a',
+                'kind': 'cloud#object'}
+    object_b = {'description': 'Object B',
+                'id': 'projects/user/zones/b/objects/my-object-b',
+                'kind': 'cloud#object'}
+    object_c = {'description': 'Object C',
+                'id': 'projects/user/objects/my-object-c',
+                'kind': 'cloud#object'}
+    list_global = {'items': [object_c],
+                   'kind': 'cloud#objectList'}
+    list_a = {'items': [object_a],
+              'kind': 'cloud#objectList'}
+    list_b = {'items': [object_b],
+              'kind': 'cloud#objectList'}
+    list_all = {'items': [object_c, object_a, object_b],
+                'kind': 'cloud#objectList'}
+
+    class LocalMockZonesApi(object):
+      def list(self, project='unused project', maxResults='unused',
+               filter='unused'):
+        return mock_api.MockRequest({'items': [{'name': 'a'},
+                                               {'name': 'b'}]})
+
+    class GlobalAndZoneListMockCommand(CommandBaseTest.ListMockCommandBase):
+      """A list mock command that represents a zone-scoped collection."""
+      is_global_level_collection = True
+      is_zone_level_collection = True
+
+      def __init__(self, name, flag_values):
+        super(CommandBaseTest.ListMockCommandBase, self).__init__(name,
+                                                                  flag_values)
+        flags.DEFINE_string('zone',
+                            None,
+                            'The zone to list.',
+                            flag_values=flag_values)
+
+      def ListZoneFunc(self):
+        def Func(project=None, maxResults=None, filter=None, pageToken=None,
+                 zone=None):
+          if zone == 'a':
+            return mock_api.MockRequest(list_a)
+          else:
+            return mock_api.MockRequest(list_b)
+        return Func
+
+      def ListFunc(self):
+        def Func(project=None, maxResults=None, filter=None, pageToken=None):
+          return mock_api.MockRequest(list_global)
+        return Func
+
+    command = GlobalAndZoneListMockCommand('mock_command', flag_values)
+    command._zones_api = LocalMockZonesApi()
+
+    # Test single zone
+    flag_values.zone = 'a'
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(list_a, command.Handle())
+
+    # Test 'global' zone
+    flag_values.zone = 'global'
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(list_global, command.Handle())
+
+    # Test all
+    flag_values.zone = None
+    command.SetFlags(flag_values)
+    self.assertEqual(list_all, command.Handle())
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  unittest.main()